Device for the cantilevered fastening of a passenger seat and method for producing such a device and car body

Abstract

Device (1) for the self-supporting fastening of a passenger seat (2) to a wall (3) of a vehicle, wherein the device (1) comprises at least a first support element and at least one further support element, wherein the first and the further support element are connected, wherein the first support element and the further support element are connected in such a way that forces in a main direction (6) can be absorbed predominantly by means of the first support element, wherein forces in at least one direction different from the main direction (6) can be absorbed predominantly by means of the further support element, wherein the device comprises a first support profile (10) and a further support profile (20), wherein the first support profile (10) and the further support profile (20) are connected, wherein the first support profile (10) comprises a first profile element (11) and a further profile element (12), wherein the first profile element (11) and the further profile element (12) of the first support profile (10) are connected, wherein the further support profile (20) comprises a first profile element (21) and a further profile element (22), wherein the first profile element (21) and the further profile element (22) of the further support profile (20) are connected, wherein the first profile element (11) of the first support profile (10) and the first profile element (21) of the further support profile (20) form the first support element, wherein the further profile element (12) of the first support profile (10) and the further profile element (22) of the further support profile (20) form the further support element, characterized in that the direction / different directions different from the main direction (6) enclose an angle from an angular range of -60° to -30° and / or from an angular range of 30° to 60° with the main direction (6).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a device for the cantilevered attachment of a passenger seat to a wall of a vehicle and to a method for producing such a device. Passenger seats are provided in various vehicles, such as airplanes, buses, or trains, to provide seating for passengers, as well as to a vehicle body of such a vehicle. The passenger seats normally consist of a seat surface and a backrest rigidly or pivotably connected to the seat surface. Such a passenger seat can be a single seat, a double seat, or a multiple seat.

[0002] A passenger seat is typically mounted on a passenger seat mounting device, e.g., a base frame or seat support. The base frame or seat support can, in turn, be connected to a wall, e.g., a side wall, of the vehicle. The base frame or seat support can also be supported on a vehicle floor surface via feet. This results in increased cleaning time, especially in vehicles that require frequent cleaning, as feet can interfere with the cleaning process.

[0003] However, self-supporting seat mounting devices are also known. For example, DE 195 26 840 A1 discloses a subframe for the self-supporting mounting of a passenger seat to a vehicle wall, comprising a mounting extending along the wall and a seat support arm extending substantially perpendicular to the wall. The subframe is formed by at least one extruded profile extending parallel to the wall and provided with a stiffening strip extending substantially in the direction of the seat support arm.

[0004] EP 1 864 855 A1 discloses a seat support with a support region extending along a support axis for supporting at least one seat and a connecting end for mounting the seat support to lateral fastening elements of a passenger compartment. The seat support comprises two spaced-apart side surfaces that extend from the connecting end substantially to the free end of the seat support, wherein the extension of the side surfaces decreases perpendicular to the support axis from the connecting end toward the free end of the seat support.

[0005] Such self-supporting fastening devices are usually designed to be solid in order to absorb the required high bending and torsional moments.

[0006] DE 10 2009 040 779 A1 discloses a cantilever seat support for a vehicle which has only connections to a side wall of the vehicle.

[0007] DE 101 26 404 A1 discloses a seat attachment comprising a horizontal support which is attached to vertical elements on one side and at least one cross member which is connected at one end to the horizontal support and at the other end to the vertical elements and / or to the floor near a corner region between the vertical elements and a floor, wherein the horizontal support can be fixed to the vertical elements at an upper connection point by means of a side wall adaptation element, wherein the side wall adaptation element has at least two receiving points for the horizontal support and / or the upper connection point, which cause different support heights of the horizontal support, that the end of the cross member connected to the horizontal support is designed as a first articulation point,that the other end of the cross member is designed as a second articulation point and that the first articulation point is designed to be displaceable along the horizontal support.

[0008] US 2005 / 0046220 A1 discloses a cantilevered vehicle seating system for a vehicle.

[0009] The technical problem is to provide a device for the self-supporting fastening of a passenger seat and a method for producing such a device as well as a car body of a vehicle, which make it possible to fasten a passenger seat, wherein the weight and the installation space requirement of the device for the self-supporting fastening are reduced.

[0010] The solution to the technical problem results from the subject matter having the features of claims 1, 12 and 14. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention result from the subclaims.

[0011] A device is proposed for the self-supporting fastening of a passenger seat to a wall, in particular a side wall, of a vehicle, for example a rail vehicle. The device can comprise or have a wall-facing end face and a free end face. On a wall-facing end face, the proposed device can comprise one or more fastening elements for fastening the device to the wall of the vehicle. Self-supporting means that at a free end of the device, no further mechanical connection of the proposed device to other areas of the vehicle, for example a floor area or a ceiling area, is necessary.

[0012] The device comprises at least one first support element and at least one further support element. The device can also comprise a plurality of first support elements and a plurality of further support elements. This is explained in more detail below. The first and the further support elements are connected, for example, mechanically connected. Thus, at least the first and the further support elements form the proposed device.

[0013] Furthermore, the first and the further support element are designed and / or mechanically connected in such a way that, by means of the first support element, forces can be absorbed predominantly or exclusively in a main direction. Furthermore, by means of the further support element, forces can be absorbed predominantly or exclusively in at least one direction that differs from the main direction. According to the invention, the direction(s) different from the main direction enclose an angle from an angular range of -60° to -30° and / or from an angular range of 30° to 60° with the main direction.

[0014] Preferably, the additional support element can absorb predominantly forces in a first oblique direction, which encloses an angle from an angular range of -50° to -40°, preferably an angle of -45°, with the main direction. Alternatively or cumulatively, the additional support element can absorb predominantly forces in a second oblique direction, which encloses an angle from an angular range of 40° to 50°, preferably an angle of +45°, with the main direction.

[0015] "Predominantly" can mean that a maximum force that can be absorbed in a principal loading direction—e.g., in the case of the first load-bearing element, in the principal direction—is greater than all other maximum forces that can be absorbed in directions different from the principal loading direction. For example, the maximum force that can be absorbed in the principal loading direction can be at least 1.2 times a maximum force from a set of all other maximum forces that can be absorbed in directions different from the principal loading direction. Thus, the first material can be anisotropic with respect to strength behavior.

[0016] The property “exclusively” does not exclude the possibility that, due to material properties, small forces can be absorbed in a direction that is different from the main direction.

[0017] The main direction can be a main direction of the first support element or a main direction of the proposed device. The main direction designates a direction in which the device, and in particular the first support element, can absorb a maximum force, in particular a tensile or compressive force. Since the first support element and the further support element are mechanically connected, forces can predominantly be absorbed by means of the further support element in the connected state in a direction that is different from the main direction. The main direction can be a direction from a wall-side end of the device to a free end of the device. For example, the first support element and the further support element can here, as explained above in connection with the proposed device, likewise have a wall-side end and a free end, wherein the wall-side end can be fastened to a wall of the vehicle.In this case, fastening elements for attaching the support element to the wall of the vehicle can be arranged at a wall-side end. The main direction can be a direction from the wall-side end toward the free end of the first support element. If the device according to the invention is attached to a wall of the vehicle, the main direction extends essentially perpendicular to the wall of the vehicle into the vehicle interior.

[0018] The fact that the first support element can predominantly absorb forces in the main direction is the case in a special embodiment when the first support element is designed such that its flexural rigidity is maximum for a load transverse or perpendicular to the main direction. This load can in particular be a load generated by the weight of a passenger sitting in the passenger seat. In this case, a direction of the load points from a ceiling of the vehicle to a floor of the vehicle. The maximum flexural rigidity can have a predetermined value. In contrast, the further support element is designed such that its flexural rigidity under this load is lower than the flexural rigidity of the first support element.

[0019] When subjected to a load transverse or perpendicular to the main direction, particularly when subjected to a load due to the weight of a passenger sitting in the passenger seat, certain areas or layers of the first support element can be subjected to tensile stress in the main direction, while other areas or layers can be subjected to compressive stress in the main direction. Thus, the property that the first support element can primarily absorb forces in the main direction is equivalent in this embodiment to the previously explained maximum flexural rigidity.

[0020] In a special embodiment, the additional support element can primarily absorb forces that deviate from the main direction. This is the case if the additional support element is designed such that its torsional stiffness has a predetermined value. The torsional stiffness can also be maximum for a torsional load around the main direction. In contrast, the first support element is designed such that its torsional stiffness under this torsional load is lower than the torsional stiffness of the additional support element.

[0021] As a result, the properties of the first support element to predominantly absorb forces in the main direction and of the further support element to predominantly absorb forces in at least one direction different from the main direction are equivalent to the flexural rigidity of the first support element being greater than that of the further support element and the torsional rigidity of the further support element being greater than that of the first support element.

[0022] The device can be designed as a profile element with a hollow profile. This hollow profile can also be filled with a filler, e.g., foam. A mechanical connection between the first support element and the further support element can be, for example, a bolted connection. However, the mechanical connection is preferably an adhesive connection. Of course, other detachable or permanent mechanical connections, e.g., a welded connection, a screw connection, or a riveted connection, are also conceivable.

[0023] The first support element can be made of a first material, and the further support element can be made of a further material. The material properties of the first and further materials can differ, at least with respect to the strength behavior of the first and further materials. The first material and / or the further material can each have anisotropic material properties with respect to strength behavior.

[0024] In the proposed arrangement of the first support element relative to the further support element in the mechanically connected state, the material properties of the first support element are different from the material properties of the further support element, wherein the material properties are existing material properties with respect to loads or forces defined relative to a common coordinate system of the first support element and the further support element.

[0025] If the proposed device is fastened to a vehicle wall, e.g. a side wall of a vehicle body (fastened state) in such a way that the longitudinal or main direction of the first support element is oriented substantially perpendicular to the vehicle wall and the proposed device thus projects into a vehicle interior, the first support element can preferably absorb forces resulting from bending of the device. Bending occurs, for example, due to a load generated by a seated passenger. Accordingly, torsional forces resulting from torsion of the device can preferably be absorbed by means of the further support element. Torsional forces arise in particular when a passenger holds on to the backrest of a passenger seat when the vehicle is moving away.In this case, the first support element serves primarily or exclusively to absorb bending forces, while the second support element serves primarily or exclusively to absorb torsional forces exerted on the device. Thus, torsional forces refer to a torsion of the device around the main direction of the device.

[0026] The proposed device advantageously enables a cantilevered attachment of passenger seats to a wall of a vehicle, which can absorb the necessary bending and torsional forces, while keeping the installation space requirement and the weight of the device low.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the first support element is formed from a first fiber composite material that predominantly or exclusively comprises fibers oriented substantially in a main direction. Accordingly, the further support element is formed from a further fiber composite material that predominantly or exclusively comprises fibers oriented substantially at an angle of +45° and / or -45° to the main direction. The first and further support elements can be mechanically connected in such a way that the desired fiber orientation is achieved. Thus, it is also possible for the support elements to consist of the same fiber composite material, with the support elements being mechanically connected in accordance with the desired fiber orientation.

[0028] "Predominantly" means that a small proportion of fibers in the fiber composite material, e.g., a proportion of less than 50% of all fibers, may not be oriented in the specified direction, e.g., the main direction in the case of the first load-bearing element. "Predominantly in a main direction" means that the first fiber composite material may also have fibers oriented at an angle from an angular range of, e.g., -15° to 15° to the ideal main direction.

[0029] Essentially at an angle of -45° and / or +45° means that the further fiber composite material can also have fibers that are oriented at an angle from an angular range of, for example, -60 to -30° and / or from an angular range of 40° to 50° to the ideal main direction.

[0030] A fiber composite material can, for example, be a glass fiber, carbon fiber, or other fiber composite material. The reinforcing fibers can take a variety of forms, e.g., as short or long individual fibers or as woven, braided, or sewn fiber semi-finished products. The proposed fiber composite materials preferably exhibit the previously explained anisotropic material properties with regard to strength behavior. For this purpose, fibers of the fiber composite material can, for example, be arranged such that they are predominantly or exclusively oriented in one direction, whereby tensile forces can be absorbed in this direction.

[0031] The first support element and the further support element are mechanically connected to one another in such a way that the first fiber composite material can absorb, in particular, tensile forces in the main direction, and the further fiber composite material can absorb forces in at least one direction different from the main direction. The further fiber composite material can preferably absorb torsional forces. The device thus forms a sandwich composite construction comprising support elements, in particular support elements designed as support layers, made of fiber composite materials with different fiber orientations. This allows anisotropic behavior with regard to the strength behavior of the entire device to be achieved.

[0032] This advantageously results in the device according to the invention being easy to manufacture, while specifically utilizing the anisotropic properties of fiber composite materials. Since fiber composite materials are generally lightweight, the overall weight of the proposed device is also reduced.

[0033] In a further embodiment, the first support element and the further support element are designed as separate components. These can then be mechanically connected, as previously explained, e.g., by means of an adhesive process. The design as separate components advantageously results in the fact that the first and the further support elements can be manufactured separately from one another.

[0034] In a further embodiment, the first support element and the further support element are formed integrally. For example, the device according to the invention can have several layers which are formed from different materials, namely the first and the further material. For example, it is conceivable that a fiber composite material is produced by orienting fibers in at least one first layer substantially in the previously explained main direction, with fibers in at least one further layer being oriented at an angle of +45° and / or -45° to this main direction. The first and second layers can also each follow one another individually or in several layers alternating. Only then is potting and thus bonding of the fibers carried out. The device is thus designed as a one-piece device, with the first and the further support element being integral components of this device.

[0035] This advantageously results in a permanent and very robust mechanical connection between the first and the further support element.

[0036] The device further comprises a first support profile and a further support profile. The first support profile and the further support profile are connected, e.g., in a connecting region. The first support profile comprises a first profile element and a further profile element. The first profile element is connected to the further profile element of the first support profile.

[0037] Accordingly, the additional support profile comprises a first profile element and a further profile element, wherein the first profile element and the further profile element of the additional support profile are connected. The first profile elements form the previously explained at least one first support element of the proposed device. Accordingly, the additional profile elements form the at least one further support element of the proposed device.

[0038] The profile elements of the first support profile and the profile elements of the further support profile as well as the first support profile and the further support profile are designed and / or mechanically connected to one another in such a way that forces in the main direction can be absorbed primarily by means of the first profile elements, wherein forces in a direction different from the main direction can be absorbed primarily by means of the further profile elements. The first profile element of the first support profile and the first profile element of the further support profile can, for example, be formed from the first material, in particular the first fiber composite material. The first profile elements thus serve to absorb forces in the main direction. Accordingly, the further profile element of the first support profile and the further profile element of the further support profile can be formed from the further material, in particular the further fiber composite material.These additional profile elements thus serve to absorb forces that are oriented at an angle from an angular range of -50° to -40°, preferably -45°, and / or from 40° to 50°, preferably +45°, to the main direction.

[0039] In this case, the first support profile and the further support profile can be designed and / or mechanically connected in such a way that the resulting device has a hollow profile in a cross-section relative to the main direction. This advantageously results in a particularly lightweight device for the cantilevered attachment of a passenger seat, while maximizing the bending and torsional forces to be absorbed.

[0040] In this case, for example, the first profile element of the first support profile can be mechanically connected to the first profile element of the further support profile in a connection area.

[0041] If the first profile elements consist of a fiber composite material which predominantly or exclusively has fibers which are oriented substantially in the main direction of the first support element, and the further support element is formed from a further fiber composite material which predominantly or exclusively has fibers which are oriented substantially at an angle of +45° and / or -45° to the main direction, the first profile element and the further profile element of the first support profile and / or of the further support profile can be formed integrally, as explained above with regard to the support elements, by placing different fiber layers with differently oriented fibers on top of one another during the manufacturing process and then casting them.

[0042] The design of the device by means of two support profiles advantageously results in simple manufacture of the device according to the invention.

[0043] In a further embodiment, the first support profile and the further support profile are integrally formed. As explained above with reference to the support elements, an integral design can be understood as a one-piece construction of the support profiles. Alternatively, the first support profile and the further support profile can be formed as separate components. In this case, the support profiles can be connected in a connecting region. The first support profile and the further support profile can be connected, for example, via an adhesive connection, a bolt connection, a screw connection, a rivet connection, or another detachable or non-detachable mechanical connection.

[0044] In a further embodiment, the first profile element and the further profile element of the first support profile are formed integrally or as separate components. Alternatively or cumulatively, the first profile element and the further profile element of the further support profile are formed integrally or as separate components.

[0045] As previously explained with reference to the supporting elements, an integral design can be understood as a one-piece design of the profile elements of a supporting profile. Thus, the first profile element and the further profile element of the respective supporting profile can be integral elements of the supporting profile. This will be explained in more detail below.

[0046] Alternatively, the first profile element and the further profile element of the respective support profile can be designed as separate components. In this case, the profile elements of the first support profile or the profile elements of the further support profile can be mechanically connected to one another. Thus, the first profile element and the further profile element can be connected with one of the previously explained detachable or non-detachable mechanical connections.

[0047] In a further embodiment, the further profile element of the first support profile has a substantially U-shaped cross section. Alternatively or cumulatively, the further profile element of the further support profile has a substantially U-shaped cross section. The cross section refers to a cross section perpendicular to the main direction of the first support element, which can be the same as a main direction of the further profile elements. The U-shaped cross section has a base leg and two side legs, wherein the side legs can each enclose an angle with the base leg from an angular range of, for example, +30° to +100°. In a fastened state of the device, a part of the further profile element forming the base leg can be arranged substantially perpendicular to a vehicle side wall and substantially parallel to a floor surface of the vehicle. On a, for examplePassenger seats can be mounted on the surface of the part forming the base leg, which is oriented towards the ceiling of the vehicle.

[0048] The design of the additional profile elements with a substantially U-shaped cross-section advantageously enables simple process-technical production of the additional profile elements, which are nevertheless suitable for the desired absorption of bending and torsional moments resulting from loads.

[0049] In a further embodiment, a length of a side leg of the further profile element of the first support profile and / or of the further profile element of the further support profile decreases along the main direction, e.g., towards a free end of the device. Thus, a length or height of a side leg decreases towards the free end of the device. In other words: when the device is fastened, a length or height of a side leg of a further profile element can be maximum at a wall-side end of the support profile and minimum at a free end of the support profile. This particularly advantageously results in a material- and space-saving design of the proposed device, which can nevertheless absorb the desired bending and torsional forces. The decreasing length or height of the side legs also advantageously simplifies cleaning of the vehicle, in particular under the seats.

[0050] In a further embodiment, the first profile element of the first support profile and / or the first profile element of the further support profile is designed as a support plate. This support plate can have a rectangular or trapezoidal cross-section, wherein the cross-section can be constant along the main direction, i.e. can have a constant width and height. In this case, the first profile element of the first support profile can be encompassed or enclosed by the further profile element of the first support profile. For example, the first profile element designed as a support plate can be arranged in a volume enclosed by the base leg and the side legs of the further profile element. Corresponding statements apply to the profile elements of the further support profile. This advantageously results in particularly simple production of the further profile elements.

[0051] In a further embodiment, the first support profile and the further support profile are mechanically connected to one another in such a way that the U-shaped cross sections of the further profile element of the first support profile and of the further profile element of the further support profile are open towards the same side. For example, the further support profile can be arranged within the first support profile. For example, the further support profile can be arranged at least partially in a volume enclosed by the base leg and the side legs of the first profile element of the first support profile. In this case, the further support profile can be inserted into the first support profile, which enables particularly simple production of the proposed device. In this case, the first support profile and the further support profile can form a closed housing with a cavity.

[0052] In an alternative embodiment, the first support profile and the additional support profile are connected to one another in such a way that the U-shaped cross sections of the additional profile elements of the first support profile and the additional support profile are open toward one another. In this case, the first support profile and the additional support profile can also form a closed housing with a hollow space. Thus, the circumference of a hollow profile of this closed housing can be advantageously enlarged, which can lead to improved absorption of bending and torsional forces.

[0053] Furthermore, a side leg of the further profile element of the first support profile and a side leg of the further profile element of the further support profile can each have a connecting surface via which the first support profile is mechanically connected to the further support profile. The connecting surfaces can abut one another and be connected, for example, by one of the previously explained detachable or non-detachable mechanical connections.

[0054] Also proposed is a car body of a vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle. However, the vehicle can also be a non-rail-bound vehicle, for example a bus. The car body has at least one side wall and comprises at least one of the previously described devices for the self-supporting attachment of a passenger seat. The device is fastened to the side wall, e.g. by means of appropriate fastening elements. The device comprises at least a first support element and at least one further support element, wherein the first and the further support element are mechanically connected. The first support element and the further support element are mechanically connected in such a way that forces can predominantly be absorbed by means of the first support element in a main direction of the first support element, wherein forces can predominantly be absorbed by means of the further support element in at least one direction which is different from the main direction.The main direction is a direction that is essentially oriented perpendicular to the side wall of the rail vehicle.

[0055] Further proposed is a method for producing a device for the self-supporting fastening of a passenger seat to a wall of a vehicle. In this case, at least a first support element and at least one further support element are provided. The first and the further support element are designed and / or connected to one another in such a way that forces in one main direction can be absorbed by means of the first support element and forces in at least one direction different from the main direction can be absorbed by means of the further support element. This advantageously results in simple production of a device for self-supporting fastening which has a reduced weight and a reduced installation space requirement.

[0056] In a further embodiment, the first support element is provided from a first fiber composite material that predominantly or exclusively comprises fibers oriented substantially in the main direction. Furthermore, the at least one further support element is provided from a further fiber composite material that, particularly in a mechanically connected state, predominantly or exclusively comprises fibers oriented substantially at an angle of +45° and / or -45° to the previously explained main direction of the first support element. This allows the anisotropic properties of fiber composite materials to be advantageously utilized in the manufacture of a proposed device.

[0057] Furthermore, a first support profile is provided, wherein the first support profile comprises a first profile element, e.g. made of the first material, in particular of the first fiber composite material, and a further profile element, e.g. made of the further material, in particular the further fiber composite material, wherein the first profile element is connected to the further profile element of the first support profile, e.g. mechanically. Accordingly, at least one further support profile is provided, wherein the further support profile comprises a first profile element, e.g. made of the first material, in particular the first fiber composite material, and a further profile element, e.g. made of the further material, in particular the further fiber composite material, wherein the first profile element and the further profile element of the further support profile are connected, e.g. mechanically.Furthermore, the first support profile and the further support profile are connected to one another in such a way that the first profile elements form the first support element and the further profile elements form the further support element.

[0058] This advantageously results in a simple manufacture of the proposed device.

[0059] Also proposed is a method for producing a car body of a vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle, wherein one of the previously explained devices for the self-supporting fastening of a passenger seat is fastened to a side wall of the car body in such a way that the previously explained main direction is oriented substantially perpendicular to the side wall.

[0060] The invention is explained in more detail using two exemplary embodiments. The figures show: Fig. 1 a side view of a device according to the invention; Fig. 2 a cross-section through the Fig. 1 shows a device according to the invention; Fig. 3 a plan view of the Fig. 2 device shown; and Fig. 4 a cross section through a further embodiment of a device according to the invention.

[0061] In the following, the same reference symbols designate elements with the same or similar technical properties.

[0062] In Fig. 1 shows a side view of a first embodiment of a device 1 according to the invention. The device 1 serves for the self-supporting fastening of passenger seats 2 to a side wall 3 of a car body of a vehicle, for example a rail vehicle. Here, it is shown that the device 1 projects above a floor surface 4 of the vehicle into an interior of the vehicle. The device 1 comprises a first support profile 10 and a second support profile 20. The first support profile 10 comprises a first profile element 11 (see e.g. Fig. 2) and a further profile element 12. Accordingly, the further support profile 20 comprises a first profile element 21 (see e.g. Fig. 2) and a further profile element 22. The device 1 further comprises a fastening plate 5, by means of which the device 1 is fastened to the side wall 3. Here, the device 1 is in Fig. 1 shown in a fixed state.

[0063] Furthermore, a main direction of the device 1 is represented by an arrow 6. The main direction (arrow 6) is oriented perpendicular to the side wall 3 when the device 1 is fastened, wherein the main direction (arrow 6) is oriented parallel to the floor surface 4. The main direction (arrow 6) of the device 1 is simultaneously a main direction of the further profile elements 12, 22. The main direction (arrow 6) is directed from a wall-side end of the device 1, on which the fastening plate 5 is also arranged, towards a free end of the device 1, which protrudes into a vehicle interior.

[0064] Furthermore, a first oblique direction is represented by an arrow 7, which encloses an angle of +45° with the main direction (arrow 6). Similarly, a second oblique direction is represented by an arrow 8, which encloses an angle of -45° with the main direction (arrow 6). Fig. 1 shows that the oblique directions (arrows 7, 8) enclose an angle of +45° or -45° with the main direction (arrow 6) in planes that are approximately perpendicular to the base surface 4 and the side wall 3. Such a plane can be formed, for example, by a surface of a side leg 14, 24 (see also Fig. 2) the further profile elements 12, 22 are formed.

[0065] For example, in Fig. As can be seen in Figure 3, the oblique directions (arrows 7, 8) enclose the angle of +45° or -45° with the main direction (arrow 6) even in planes that run, for example, perpendicular to the side wall 3 and parallel to the base surface 4. Such a plane can be formed, for example, by a surface of base legs 13, 23 of the other profile elements 12, 22.

[0066] In Fig. 2 is a cross section through the device 1 according to the invention, which in Fig. 1, wherein a cross-sectional plane perpendicular to the Fig. 1 shown main direction (arrow 6). In Fig. 2 shows that the further profile element 12 of the first support profile 10 has a U-shaped cross section. The further profile element 12 has a base leg 13 and side legs 14, wherein Fig. 2, only one side leg 14 is shown. Furthermore, the first support profile 10 comprises a first profile element 11, which is designed as a support plate that at least partially covers the base leg 13. The first profile element 11 and the further profile element 12 of the first support profile 10 are mechanically connected to one another in the region of the base leg 13. It is shown that the first profile element 11 is arranged within the volume of the further profile element 12 encompassed by the base leg 13 and the side legs 14.

[0067] Also shown is the second support profile 20, which also has a first profile element 21 and a further profile element 22. The further profile element 22 of the second support profile 20 also has a substantially U-shaped cross-section. Fig. 2 shows that the further profile element 22 of the second support profile 20 has or forms an offset 25 in the region of side legs 24. This offset 25 forms a stop for side legs 14 of the further profile element 12 of the first support profile 10 when the first support profile 10 and the second support profile 20 are inserted into one another, as explained in more detail below, to form the device 1. Corresponding to the first support profile 10, the further profile element 22 of the second support profile 20 comprises a base leg 23 and side legs 24. A first profile element 21 is also designed as a support plate, which at least partially covers the base leg 23 and is arranged within a volume of the further profile element 22 of the second support profile 20 encompassed by the base leg 23 and side legs 24, and is mechanically connected to the latter.It is further shown that the additional profile elements 12, 22 each form a connecting surface 16, 26 in the region of side legs 14, 24. The first support profile 10 and the second support profile 20 are mechanically connected to one another in the region of these connecting surfaces 16, 26.

[0068] Within the profile elements 11, 21 run the main direction (arrow 6, see e.g. Fig. 1) are arranged in layers parallel to the floor surface. Within the profile elements 12, 22, the fibers, arranged at an angle of +45° or -45° to the main direction (arrow 6), run in layers that follow the course of the U-shape.

[0069] It is further shown that the U-shaped cross sections of the further profile elements 12, 22 point towards the same side, namely towards a floor surface 4 (see Fig. 1), are open. The device 1 resulting from the mechanical connection of the first support profile 10 and the second support profile 20 has a hollow profile with a cavity 9.

[0070] In Fig. 1 shows that a height or length L of side legs 14, 24 decreases along the main direction (arrow 6), i.e. from a wall-side end towards a free end of the device 1.

[0071] Referring to Fig. 3, a structure of the profile elements 11, 12, 21, 22 of the first support profile 10 and the second support profile 20 is now explained. In Fig. 3 is a plan view of the Fig. 2. Here, the further profile element 12 of the first support profile 10 is shown, in particular a base leg 13 of the further profile element 12. The further profile element 12 is formed from a further fiber composite material, which predominantly or exclusively comprises fibers that are oriented essentially at an angle of +45° and -45°, i.e. in oblique directions (arrows 7, 8) to the main direction (arrow 6) of the device 1. The Fig. 3 shown first profile element 11 (see Fig. 2) of the first support profile 10 is formed from a first fiber composite material, which predominantly or exclusively comprises fibers that are oriented essentially in the main direction (arrow 6) of the device 1. Accordingly, a Fig. 2, a further profile element 22 of a second support profile 20 is formed from the further fiber composite material, and a first profile element 21 of the second support profile 20 is formed from the first fiber composite material. The profile elements 11, 12, 21, 22 are connected in such a way that the support profiles 10, 20 are formed with the desired fiber orientations.

[0072] Thus, the first profile element 11 and the further profile element 12 of the first support profile 10 are connected to one another in such a way that an orientation of fibers in the further fiber composite material of the further profile element 12 forms an angle of substantially +45° and / or -45° with an orientation of fibers in the first fiber composite material of the first profile element 11 of the first support profile 10. The first profile element 21 and the further profile element 22 of the second support profile 20 are connected to one another accordingly.The first support profile 10 and the second support profile 20 are also mechanically connected to one another in such a way that fibers of the first fiber composite materials of the first profile elements 11, 21 are oriented in the same directions, namely in the main direction (arrow 6), while fibers of the further fiber composite materials of the further profile elements 12, 22 are also oriented in the same directions and their orientation encloses an angle of substantially +45° and / or -45° with an orientation of the previously explained fibers of the first fiber composite materials of the first profile elements 11, 21.

[0073] In Fig. 4 shows a cross section through a device 1 according to a further embodiment of the invention. The device 1 comprises a first support profile 10 and a second support profile 20. The first support profile 10 comprises a first profile element 11 and a further profile element 12, which has a substantially U-shaped cross section. The further profile element 12 has a base leg 13 and side legs 14. It is shown that a side leg 14 of the further profile element 12 of the first support profile 10 has an offset 15 in the region of the side leg 14. This offset 15 serves as a stop when the second support profile 20 is inserted into the first support profile 10. According to the explanations for Fig. 2, the first profile element 11 is arranged in a volume of the further profile element 12 encompassed by the base leg 13 and side legs 14 and is mechanically connected to the further profile element 12.

[0074] The second support profile 20 also comprises a first profile element 21 and a further profile element 22. The further profile element 22 has a substantially U-shaped cross section, wherein the further profile element 22 comprises a base leg 23 and side legs 24. Here, it is shown that the side legs 24 have an angled end region 27 at a free end, wherein a connecting surface 26 of the second support profile 20 for connection to a connecting surface 16 of the first support profile 10 is arranged at this end region 27. According to the explanations to Fig. 2, the first profile element 21 of the second support profile 20 is arranged in a volume encompassed by the base leg 23 and side legs 24 of the further profile element 22 and is mechanically connected to the further profile element 22. Here, the first support profile 10 and the second support profile 20 are mechanically connected to one another in such a way that the resulting device 1 has a hollow profile with a cavity 9. In comparison to the Fig. 2 is a scope of the device 1 shown in Fig.4. This enables improved absorption of bending and torsional moments resulting from loads, particularly if the first profile elements 11, 21 and the further profile elements 12, 22 are formed from the first fiber composite material and the further fiber composite material according to the preceding embodiments and are connected to one another in such a way that they have the orientations of the fibers to one another, which were also explained above.

Claims

[1] Device (1) for the self-supporting fastening of a passenger seat (2) to a wall (3) of a vehicle, wherein the device (1) comprises at least a first support element and at least one further support element, wherein the first and the further support element are connected, wherein the first support element and the further support element are connected in such a way that by means of the first support element, predominantly forces in a main direction (6) can be absorbed, wherein by means of the further support element, predominantly forces in at least one direction which is different from the main direction (6) can be absorbed, wherein the device comprises a first support profile (10) and a further support profile (20), wherein the first support profile (10) and the further support profile (20) are connected, wherein the first support profile (10) comprises a first profile element (11) and a further profile element (12), wherein the first profile element (11) and the further profile element (12) of the first support profile (10) are connected, wherein the further support profile (20) comprises a first profile element (21) and a further profile element (22), wherein the first profile element (21) and the further profile element (22) of the further support profile (20) are connected, wherein the first profile element (11) of the first support profile (10) and the first profile element (21) of the further support profile (20) form the first support element, wherein the further profile element (12) of the first support profile (10) and the further profile element (22) of the further support profile (20) form the further support element, characterized by , that the direction / different directions different from the main direction (6) enclose an angle from an angular range of -60° to -30° and / or from an angular range of 30° to 60° with the main direction (6). [2] Device (1) according to claim 1, characterized by in that the first support element is formed from a first fiber composite material which predominantly has fibers which are oriented substantially in the main direction (6), wherein the further support element is formed from a further fiber composite material which predominantly has fibers which are oriented substantially at an angle of +45° and / or -45° to the main direction (6). [3] Device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by that the first support element and the further support element are designed as separate components. [4] Device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by that the first support element and the further support element are integrally formed. [5] Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized bythat the first support profile (10) and the further support profile (20) are formed integrally or as separate components. [6] Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by that the first profile element (11) and the further profile element (12) of the first support profile (10) are formed integrally or as separate components and / or the first profile element (21) and the further profile element (22) of the further support profile (20) are formed integrally or as separate components. [7] Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by that the further profile element (12) of the first support profile (10) has a substantially U-shaped cross-section and / or the further profile element (22) of the further support profile (20) has a substantially U-shaped cross-section. [8] Device (1) according to claim 7, characterized bythat a length (L) of a side leg (14) of the further profile element (12) of the first support profile (10) and / or a length of a side leg (24) of the further profile element (22) of the further support profile (20) decreases along the main direction (6). [9] Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by that the first profile element (11) of the first support profile (10) and / or the first profile element (21) of the further support profile (20) is designed as a support plate. [10] Device (1) according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized by that the first support profile (10) and the further support profile (20) are connected to one another in such a way that the U-shaped cross sections of the further profile elements (12, 22) of the first support profile (10) and of the further support profile (20) are open towards the same side. [11] Device (1) according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized bythat the first support profile (10) and the further support profile (20) are connected to one another in such a way that the U-shaped cross sections of the further profile elements (12, 22) of the first support profile (10) and of the further support profile (20) are open towards one another. [12] Method for producing a device (1) for the self-supporting fastening of a passenger seat (2) to a wall (3) of a vehicle, wherein - at least one first support element and at least one further support element is provided, characterized by , that - the first and the further support element are connected in such a way that by means of the first support element, forces can be absorbed predominantly in one main direction (6) and by means of the further support element, forces can be absorbed predominantly in at least one direction which is different from the main direction (6) and - at least one first support profile (10) is provided, wherein the first support profile (10) comprises a first profile element (11) and a further profile element (12), wherein the first profile element (11) and the further profile element (12) of the first support profile (10) are connected, - at least one further support profile (20) is provided, wherein the further support profile (20) comprises a first profile element (21) and a further profile element (22), wherein the first profile element (21) and the further profile element (22) of the further support profile (20) are connected, - wherein the first support profile (10) and the further support profile (20) are connected to one another in such a way that the first profile elements (11, 21) form the first support element and the further profile elements (12, 22) form the further support element, wherein the direction / different directions different from the main direction (6) enclose an angle from an angular range of -60° to -30° and / or from an angular range of 30° to 60° with the main direction (6). [13] Method according to claim 12, characterized by , that - at least one first support element is provided from a first fiber composite material which predominantly comprises fibers oriented substantially in the main direction (6), - at least one further support element is provided from a further fibre composite material which predominantly has fibres which are oriented substantially at an angle of +45° and / or -45° to the main direction (6). [14] Car body of a vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle, wherein the car body has at least one side wall (3), characterized by that the car body comprises a device (1) for the cantilevered fastening of a passenger seat (2) according to one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the device (1) is fastened to the side wall (3).

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