Coupling with universal self-centering system and coupling method

Abstract

Coupling comprising an input shaft (26) and an output shaft (29): a universal self-centered system comprising an outer base (2) and a medial base (1) on which rollers or gears (6-11) located on the outer base (2) and rollers or gears (3-5) located on the medial base (1) are rotatably mounted, wherein the rollers or gears (6-11, 3-5) are connected to each other by a closed rope, a closed chain (15) or a closed belt, Tensioning gears (20), which are mounted between pairs of gears (6-7, 8-9, 10-11) on the outer base (2) and are spring-loaded by a spring (19), a wave (16) on the medial foundation (1), wherein the wave (16) coincides with the direction of movement of the input wave (26), which is connected to the outer foundation (2), Transfer gears (12), each of which is coaxially attached to the rollers or gears (6-11) of the outer base (2) and transmits a torque to the output shaft (29), and a lever (23) which is displaceable with respect to a body (22) of the coupling, for displacing the axis of the shaft (16) on the medial foundation (1) with respect to an axis of the outer foundation (2) in order to transfer the torque from the input shaft (26) to the output shaft (29).

Description

Technical field

[0001] The invention relates to transmissions or switchable couplings. The invention can be used in mechanical engineering for the design of devices containing sleeves or transmissions. Technical background

[0002] For example, a continuously variable transmission disclosed in DE 37 31 490 A1 comprises several freewheels with outer rims designed as sprockets, which drive the output shaft via a circulating chain. US 3 874 253 A discloses a continuously variable drive in which a series of planetary gears meshing with a stationary sun gear are connected to a series of engagement elements via one-way couplings. DE 43 29 441 A1 discloses a transmission for continuously adjusting the gear ratio. Numerous types of couplings that ensure the connection of two shafts are known, for example from RU 2 286 262 C2. A disadvantage of such types of couplings is that they include rotating parts that rub against each other.

[0003] A method for implementing a coupling, consisting of actuating a brake gear in a system of interoperability between two shafts, is known. When the brake gear is actuated by an external brake sleeve or brake block, torque is transferred between the input shaft and the output shaft (DE 10 2014 003 957 A1). A disadvantage of this coupling is the presence of friction surfaces that rotate relative to each other.

[0004] DE 10 2014 003 958 A1 discloses a system for the mutual connection of two shafts with constant mutual tooth engagement. One objective of the invention is the realization of a coupling without the use of rotating friction pairs. Disclosure of the invention

[0005] The stated objective is achieved by a coupling according to claim 1 or a method according to claim 2. A universal self-centering system is used in the coupling, comprising an outer and a medial bearing. Rollers, gears, or stars are rotatably mounted on the bearings and are interconnected by a closed rope, chain, or belt. An input shaft is connected to the outer bearing, its direction of movement coinciding with that of a shaft on the medial bearing. Gears are mounted coaxially with the rollers, gears, or stars of the outer bearing and transmit torque to an output shaft.The torque is transferred from the input shaft to the output shaft by means of a displacement of the axis of the shaft on the medial foundation with respect to the axis of the outer foundation by means of a lever that is movable with respect to a body of the coupling.

[0006] Universal self-centered systems are known from the RU 2014 106 630 A, RU 2014 106 628 A, RU 2014 106 627 A, RU 2014 106 146 A, RU 2013 2013 155 154 A, RU 2013 311 A, RU 2013 153 163 A, RU 2013 152 649 A, RU 2013 145 988 A, RU 2013 145 987 A, RU 2013 2013 RU 2013 144 445 A, RU 2013 144 444 A, RU 2013 142 690 A, RU 2013 142 204 A, RU 2013 142 203 A, DE10 2013 019 629 A1, DE10 2013, DE 10 2013 019 627 A1, DE 10 2013 019 593 A1, DE 10 2013 019 592 A1, DE 10 2013 019 404 A1, DE 10 2013 019 402 A1, DE 10 2013 2013 2013 A1, OF 10 2012 018 131 A1, OF 10 2012 017 180 A1, OF 10 2012 016 380 A1, OF 10 2012 016 314 A1, OF 10 2012 013 318 A1, OF 10 2012 2012 586 A1, DE 10 2012 002 076 A1, DE 10 2012 001 232 A1 und DE 10 2012 000 316 A1.

[0007] The universal self-centering systems have an outer and a medial foundation, both lying in the same plane. The outer foundation encloses the medial foundation. Three or more pulleys, stars, or gears are rotatably mounted on each foundation. The number of pulleys on each foundation is identical. Each pulley can be exchanged for any two interchangeable pulleys to utilize a section of rope, belt, or chain between the interchangeable pulleys for tensioning. The effect of the tensioning force on the section of rope, chain, or belt between the interchangeable pulleys does not affect the properties of the universal self-centering system. The method for tensioning the belt, rope, or chain is known from RU 2013 147 711 A. The cited publications utilize static properties of a universal self-centering system.The present invention utilizes a dynamic property of a universal self-centering system: the joint rotation of the medial and outer foundations is possible even if their axes of rotation do not coincide. This means that when a torque is applied to one of the foundations, the medial and outer foundations rotate about their respective axes of rotation, even if these axes do not coincide. Brief description of the drawings On Fig. Figure 1 shows a coupling with a universal self-centering system. On Fig. Figure 2 shows a vertical section of the coupling with the universal self-centering system. On Fig. Figure 3 shows a horizontal section of the coupling with the universal self-centering system. On Fig. Figure 4 shows the coupling with the universal self-centering system in a rear view. On Fig. Figure 5 shows a section from the front of the coupling. On Fig. Figure 6 shows the arrangement of gears on foundations of the universal self-centering system. On Fig. Figure 7 shows a scheme for a forward-looking assessment of the magnitude of the displacement of a chain when the axes of a medial and an outer foundation do not match. On Fig. Figure 8 shows a section from the rear of the coupling. On Fig. Figure 9 shows the arrangement of a gear and chain when the axes of the foundations meet. Embodiments of the invention

[0008] In a specific example of a coupling with the universal self-centering system, a universal self-centering system is used, comprising a medial base 1 and an outer base 2. Gears 3, 4, 5 are rotatably mounted on the medial base 1. Six gears 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 are rotatably mounted on the outer base 2 with their axes in bearings 18. Transfer gears 12, which transmit torque to a gear 13, are mounted on an axle with gears 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11. This gear transmits the torque to an output shaft 29 via gears 28 and 27. Tensioning gears 20, which are spring-loaded by a spring 19, are mounted between pairs of gears 6-7, 8-9, 10-11. The tensioning gears 20 do not affect the properties of the universal self-centering system, since they act on points of the chain 15 between rollers of a - in this case the outer - foundation.An unsteady shaft 17 is connected to the outer foundation 2 and has a common axis with it and the gear 13, which are hollow to accommodate a slipped shaft 16. The medial foundation 1 has the shaft 16, whose axis, in the absence of a transverse load on this shaft, coincides with the axis of rotation of the outer foundation 2, the gear 13, and the unsteady shaft 17.

[0009] When the axes of medial foundation 1 and external foundation 2 meet, as shown in Fig.9, and the presence of a torque on either of the bearings 1, 2, both bearings 1, 2 rotate at the same angular velocity. All gears and the chain 15 remain stationary. Gear 13 rotates together with bearings 1, 2 if the sum of the frictional forces in the axes of gears 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 20 exceeds the frictional force on the axis of output shaft 29. If a force exceeding the sum of the frictional forces of gears 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 20 is applied to output shaft 29, output shaft 29 will stop. In this case, all gears 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 20, 12 will rotate. The chain 15 will be shifted accordingly along the perimeter. The force transmitted to the output shaft 29 will be minimal and is explained by the frictional forces on the gear shafts.

[0010] When the axis of shaft 16 of the medial foundation 1 is displaced relative to the axis of the outer foundation 2 and the gear 13, a forced displacement of the chain 15 occurs along its perimeter, and correspondingly, a rotation of gears 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 20, and 12 occurs. The displacement of the axis of shaft 16 is achieved by a lever 23 in a direction 30. A body 22 serves to mount all rotating parts of the coupling via bearings. The torque is transmitted from gears 12 to the output shaft 29 via gears 13, 27, and 28. The torque can be applied to the input shaft 26, which is connected to the outer foundation 2 via gears 25 and 24 and the non-stationary shaft 17, or to the shaft 16 of the medial foundation 1.

[0011] In the presented coupling, there are no frictional rotating parts. The toothed engagement of all parts is continuous, not intermittent. The transfer of rotational torque from the input shaft 26 to the output shaft 29 is seamless and occurs smoothly from a base velocity of zero. Reference symbol list 1. Media foundation 2 external foundation 3-5 gear on medial foundation 6-11 gear on outer foundation 12 Transfer gear 13 gear 15 chain 16th wave of media founding 17 unsteady wave 18 warehouses. 19 springs 20 Tensioning gear 22 Corpus 23 levers 24, 25 gear 26 Input wave 27, 28 gear 29 Output wave 30 direction

Claims

Coupling with an input shaft (26) and an output shaft (29), comprising: a universal self-centering system comprising an outer base (2) and a medial base (1) on which rollers or gears (6-11) located on the outer base (2) and rollers or gears (3-5) located on the medial base (1) are rotatably mounted, wherein the rollers or gears (6-11, 3-5) are connected to each other by a closed rope, a closed chain (15) or a closed belt; tension gears (20) which are received between pairs of gears (6-7, 8-9, 10-11) on the outer base (2) and are spring-loaded by a spring (19); a shaft (16) on the medial base (1), wherein the shaft (16) coincides with the direction of movement of the input shaft (26) which is connected to the outer base (2); transfer gears (12).which are each coaxially attached to the rollers or gears (6-11) of the outer base (2) and transmit a torque to the output shaft (29), and a lever (23) which is displaceable with respect to a body (22) of the coupling, for displacing the axis of the shaft (16) on the medial base (1) with respect to an axis of the outer base (2) in order to transmit the torque from the input shaft (26) to the output shaft (29). A method for coupling with an input shaft (26) and an output shaft (29), characterized in that a universal self-centering system is used, comprising an outer base (2) and a medial base (1), on which rollers or gears (6-11) located on the outer base (2) and rollers or gears (3-5) located on the medial base (1) are rotatably mounted, wherein the rollers or gears (6-11, 3-5) are connected to each other by a closed rope, a closed chain (15) or a closed belt, wherein tension gears (20) are received between pairs of gears (6-7, 8-9, 10-11) on the outer base (2) and are spring-loaded by a spring (19), wherein the input shaft (26) is connected to the outer base (2), which coincides with a shaft (16) on the medial base (1) in the direction of movement, wherein each is coaxial with the roles,Gears (6-11) of the outer base (2) are attached to transfer gears (12) which transmit a torque to the output shaft (29), wherein the torque is transmitted from the input shaft (26) to the output shaft (29) by means of a displacement of the axis of the shaft (16) on the medial base (1) with respect to an axis of the outer base (2) by means of a lever (23) which is displaceable with respect to a body (22) of the coupling.

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