Test system for a LiDAR sensor and method for testing a LiDAR sensor

Abstract

Test system (1) for a LiDAR sensor (10), comprising a trigger detector (12) and a signal generator (14) connected to the trigger detector (12), wherein the signal generator (14) is controlled by the trigger detector (12) in response to the reception of a trigger signal (TS) from a LiDAR sensor (10) under test, such that a predetermined, synthetically generated optical signal (RTS), in particular a synthetically generated reflection of the trigger signal (TS), is output by a signal generation unit (16) of the signal generator (14), wherein the signal generation unit (16) has a display area (16a) with a predetermined number of pixels (16b), and wherein the signal generator (14) is configured to aggregate pixels (16b) of the same intensity (I) into a cluster (18).

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a test system for a LiDAR sensor.

[0002] The present invention further relates to a method for testing a LiDAR sensor. State of the art

[0003] LiDAR (light detection and ranging) light measuring systems are used, among other applications, for optical distance and speed measurement. LiDAR light measuring systems emit light and measure the time it takes the light to return to the LiDAR light measuring system after being reflected from an object. The known speed of the light determines the distance of the object from the LiDAR light measuring system.

[0004] Examples of application areas for LiDAR light measuring systems are mobile instruments for optical distance measurement and LiDAR light measuring systems for the automotive application field, namely driver assistance systems and autonomous driving, as well as for aerospace applications.

[0005] DE 102007057372 A1 discloses a test system for lidar sensors with a trigger unit, by means of which, in response to the reception of a signal from a lidar sensor to be tested, a signal generator is controlled in such a way that a predetermined synthetically generated or recorded optical signal is output by a signal generation unit of the signal generator.

[0006] DE 102017110790 A1 discloses a simulation device for a LiDAR light measuring system with a LiDAR light receiving sensor, wherein a light transmitter is present in the plane of the LiDAR light receiving sensor, wherein a further light transmitter is arranged next to the light transmitter in the plane of the LiDAR light receiving sensor, and wherein a computer monitors the activation of the LiDAR light receiving sensor and the time period for emitting a light signal via the light transmitter and / or the further light transmitter and registers the signal input of the light signal from the light transmitter or the further light transmitter.

[0007] DE 102019106129 A1 discloses a test unit for testing a LIDAR unit for a vehicle. The test unit comprises a receiving unit for outputting a reception signal upon reception of light from the LIDAR unit, and a transmitting unit for transmitting light to the LIDAR unit. The transmitting unit and the receiving unit are arranged on a sensor screen.

[0008] DE 102019118039 A1 discloses a test device for testing an optical measuring device having a field of view. The test device has a screen arranged in the field of view. The screen has a matrix of transceiver pairs, each having a receiving and a transmitting element. The receiving elements are configured to receive an optical signal at the respective position, and the transmitting elements are each configured to emit an optical response signal to the optical measuring device.

[0009] US 20150234039 A1 discloses a test target for a LIDAR system, comprising a detector that outputs a trigger signal upon receiving an optical signal. The test target further comprises a light source and a set of optical fibers of varying lengths. Upon receiving the trigger signal, the light source emits a light pulse, which is guided through one of the fibers for a time delay and radiated onto the LIDAR system.

[0010] One problem with testing lidar sensors using a signal generator is that the pixel resolution of a signal generator's signal generation unit is typically very low. Thus, complex scenes with multiple objects at different distances and with different intensities cannot be accurately simulated.

[0011] It is therefore an object of the invention to improve existing devices and methods for testing a LiDAR sensor in such a way that they enable a detailed simulation while at the same time efficiently using hardware resources. Disclosure of the invention

[0012] The object is achieved according to the invention by a test system for a LiDAR sensor having the features of patent claim 1.

[0013] The object is further achieved according to the invention by a method for testing a LiDAR sensor having the features of patent claim 14.

[0014] The invention relates to a test system for a LiDAR sensor. The test system comprises a trigger detector and a signal generator connected to the trigger detector.

[0015] In response to the receipt of a trigger signal from a LiDAR sensor to be tested, the trigger detector controls the signal generator in such a way that a predetermined, synthetically generated, optical signal, in particular a synthetically generated reflection of the trigger signal, is output by a signal generation unit of the signal generator.

[0016] The signal generation unit has a display area with a predetermined number of pixels. The signal generator is further configured to aggregate pixels of equal intensity into a cluster.

[0017] The invention further relates to a method for testing a LiDAR sensor. The method comprises providing a trigger detector and a signal generator connected to the trigger detector.

[0018] Furthermore, the method comprises providing a display area of ​​a signal generation unit of the signal generator with a predetermined number of pixels.

[0019] Furthermore, the method comprises controlling the signal generator by the trigger detector in response to the reception of a signal from a LiDAR sensor to be tested such that a predetermined, synthetically generated, optical signal, in particular a synthetically generated reflection of a LiDAR sensor signal, is output by the signal generation unit of the signal generator.

[0020] The method further comprises aggregating pixels of equal intensity into a cluster by the signal generator.

[0021] One idea of ​​the present invention is to dynamically assign LiDAR over-the-air (OTA) pixels of a display surface, i.e., emitters or light transmission units of the OTA test system, to different intensities, i.e., to aggregate them into groups of different intensities. This makes it possible to connect a larger number of pixels per control chip than there are intensity elements, i.e., digital-to-analog converters.

[0022] The number of intensity elements and, above all, their control is a limiting factor in the implementation of LiDAR over-the-air test systems. By dynamically aggregating LiDAR OTA pixels into groups of equal intensity, the integration density of the overall system can be significantly increased while simultaneously reducing costs.

[0023] Areas with higher resolution requirements and many objects to be displayed can be represented with many individually controllable pixels (e.g., roadsides with cars, trees, and people). The available intensity resources can thus be dynamically allocated to these areas.

[0024] Areas with low resolution requirements are then displayed at reduced resolution, e.g., a larger area with identical reflection behavior, such as the body of a truck trailer, or reflections from distant objects whose intensity can no longer be distinguished from one another by the sensor due to the small number of light quanta reaching the sensor. This resolution requirement can be adjusted for each scene with a sufficient rate of change, meaning the LiDAR pixels of the test system can be dynamically aggregated.

[0025] A cluster, or Pixel Aggregation Cluster (PAC), therefore combines a sub-image area. Within this sub-area, uniform intensities can be generated for pixels at equal distances, while the intensity of the pixels can be changed for different distances within a scene (e.g., for partially occluded objects lying one behind the other). Additionally, each pixel in a sub-area can optionally remain off for any distance to ensure different object shapes at different distances.

[0026] Further embodiments of the present invention are the subject of the further subclaims and the following description with reference to the figures.

[0027] According to a preferred development of the invention, it is provided that the signal generator has a plurality of printed circuit boards, on each of which a plurality of digital-to-analog converters are arranged, wherein each of the plurality of digital-to-analog converters is connected to an input of a plurality of crosspoint switches.

[0028] By interconnecting the digital-to-analog converters with the crosspoint switches of a respective circuit board, a larger number of pixels per control chip can be connected than intensity elements, i.e. digital-to-analog converters exist.

[0029] According to a further preferred development of the invention, it is provided that respective outputs of the plurality of crosspoint switches are connected to a light-emitting element driver which controls a light-emitting element of the signal generation unit, in particular a light-emitting diode or a laser diode.

[0030] Each crosspoint switch can thus advantageously control a plurality of light element drivers.

[0031] According to a further preferred development of the invention, it is provided that respective lighting elements of the signal generation unit of each of the plurality of printed circuit boards are connected via optical fibers to a pixel of the display surface assigned to the respective lighting element.

[0032] Thus, the light-emitting elements can advantageously be arranged on the circuit board as close as possible to the light-emitting element drivers.

[0033] According to a further preferred development of the invention, it is provided that the number of lighting elements of each circuit board is greater than the number of digital-to-analog converters, wherein the crosspoint switches arranged between the digital-to-analog converters and the lighting element drivers of the lighting elements are designed to provide a dynamically adjustable, coordinate-wise connection between the digital-to-analog converters and the lighting elements.

[0034] This allows a number of pixels to be aggregated into clusters on the display area.

[0035] According to a further preferred development of the invention, it is provided that the plurality of digital-to-analog converters arranged on a respective circuit board can be controlled by an integrated circuit, in particular an FPGA, arranged on the respective circuit board or outside the respective circuit board.

[0036] The FPGA thus advantageously controls the aggregation of pixels into clusters on the display area of ​​the signal generation unit.

[0037] According to a further preferred development of the invention, it is provided that the integrated circuit, in particular the FPGA, is connected to an input of each of the plurality of digital-to-analog converters.

[0038] This means that all digital-to-analog converters on the respective circuit board can be individually controlled by the FPGA.

[0039] According to a further preferred development of the invention, it is provided that the aggregated cluster of pixels of equal intensities is independent of a shape and / or a time delay of objects displayed on the display surface within a measurement cycle of the LiDAR sensor to be tested, and wherein the pixels aggregated to form the cluster can be assigned to light elements of a plurality of circuit boards.

[0040] The aggregated clusters can thus be flexibly adapted to the objects displayed on the display area.

[0041] According to a further preferred development of the invention, it is provided that each input of a crosspoint switch can be connected to a plurality of outputs of the crosspoint switch, wherein each digital-to-analog converter is configured to control each lighting element.

[0042] In this way, a plurality of light elements or the associated pixels can advantageously be aggregated into clusters by the corresponding digital-to-analog converters.

[0043] According to a further preferred development of the invention, it is provided that each cluster generated on the display surface of the signal generation unit can be adapted in its size and positioning on the display surface of the signal generation unit from measurement cycle to measurement cycle of the LiDAR sensor to be tested.

[0044] The clusters shown on the display area can thus be adapted from frame to frame to respective changes in the simulated scene.

[0045] According to a further preferred development of the invention, it is provided that an object displayed on the display surface of the signal generating unit can be divided into a plurality of clusters, and wherein the display surface of the signal generating unit has a surface curved with a predetermined radius.

[0046] The PACs are fundamentally not tied to the object's shape. Rather, depending on the resolution requirements, pixels that have the same intensity at the same distance are grouped together. A PAC can also group several of these groups, which differ, for example, by different distances. The pixels' ON / OFF switches distinguish between these groups in terms of distance.

[0047] The curvature of the display surface advantageously enables an improved object simulation that corresponds to a real scene.

[0048] According to a further preferred development of the invention, it is provided that overlapping objects displayed on the display surface of the signal generation unit in a measuring cycle, having different intensities and lying one behind the other, can be aggregated to form a cluster, wherein distances between the objects can be displayed by switching off the pixels for a predetermined period of time.

[0049] Thus, objects lying one behind the other can be advantageously displayed on the two-dimensional display surface.

[0050] According to a further preferred development of the invention, it is provided that a pixel resolution and / or a number of displayable intensity gradations of the display area of ​​the signal generation unit corresponds to at least one pixel resolution and / or a number of detectable intensity gradations of the LiDAR sensor.

[0051] The scene to be simulated can thus be displayed on the display surface with a full pixel resolution supported by the LiDAR sensor and / or displayable intensity gradation.

[0052] The features of the test system for a LiDAR sensor described herein are also applicable to the method for testing a LiDAR sensor and vice versa. Short description of the drawings

[0053] For a better understanding of the present invention and its advantages, reference is now made to the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0054] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments which are shown in the schematic illustrations of the drawings.

[0055] They show: Fig. 1 a schematic representation of a test system for a LiDAR sensor according to a preferred embodiment of the invention; Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a portion of the test system for the LiDAR sensor according to the preferred embodiment of the invention; Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a display area of ​​a signal generating unit according to the preferred embodiment of the invention; and Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for testing the LiDAR sensor according to the preferred embodiment of the invention;

[0056] Unless otherwise indicated, like reference numerals refer to like elements in the drawings. Detailed description of the embodiments

[0057] The Fig. 1 comprises a trigger detector 12 and a signal generator 14 connected to the trigger detector 12, wherein the signal generator 14 is controlled by the trigger detector 12 in response to the receipt of a trigger signal TS of a LiDAR sensor 10 to be tested in such a way that a predetermined, synthetically generated, optical signal RTS, in particular a synthetically generated reflection of the trigger signal TS, is output by a signal generation unit 16 of the signal generator 14.

[0058] The LiDAR sensor 12 is designed as a flash LiDAR. Alternatively, the LiDAR sensor 12 can be designed, for example, as a mechanically scanning LiDAR.

[0059] The signal generation unit 16 has a display area 16a with a predetermined number of pixels 16b. Furthermore, the signal generator 14 is configured to aggregate pixels 16b of the same intensity I into a cluster 18. The synthetic scene is fed into the signal generator 14 by a computing device, e.g., a PC.

[0060] The signal generator 14 has a plurality of circuit boards 20a, 20b, 20c, each of which houses a plurality of digital-to-analog converters 22a-22n, 24a-n, 26a-n. Each of the plurality of digital-to-analog converters 22a-22n, 24a-n, 26a-n is connected to an input of a plurality of crosspoint switches 28a-n, 30a-n, 32a-n.

[0061] Respective outputs of the plurality of crosspoint switches 28a-n, 30a-n, 32a-n are connected to a light-emitting element driver 34a-z, 35a, 39a controlling a light-emitting element 36a-z, 37a, 41a of the signal generating unit 16, in particular a light-emitting diode or a laser diode.

[0062] Respective lighting elements 36a-z, 37a, 41a of the signal generating unit 16 of each of the plurality of circuit boards 20a, 20b, 20c are connected via optical fibers 38a, 38b, 38c, 38d to a pixel 16b of the display surface 16a assigned to the respective lighting element 36a-z, 37a, 41a.

[0063] Fig. Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of a portion of the test system for the LiDAR sensor according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.

[0064] The number of light-emitting elements 36a-z of the circuit board 20a is greater than the number of digital-to-analog converters 22a-22n. The crosspoint switches 28a-n arranged between the digital-to-analog converters 22a-22n and the light-emitting element drivers 34a-z of the light-emitting elements 36a-z are further configured to provide a dynamically adjustable, coordinate-wise connection between the digital-to-analog converters 22a-22n and the light-emitting elements 36a-z.

[0065] The plurality of digital-to-analog converters 22a-22n arranged on the circuit board 20a can be controlled by an integrated circuit 40a arranged outside the circuit board 20a, in particular a field-programmable gate array (FPGA).

[0066] Alternatively, the plurality of digital-to-analog converters 22a-22n arranged on the circuit board 20a can be controlled by an integrated circuit 40a, in particular an FPGA, arranged, for example, on the circuit board 20a.

[0067] Each input of a crosspoint switch 28a-n can be connected to a plurality of outputs of the crosspoint switch 28a-n.

[0068] Each digital-to-analog converter 22a-22n is configured to control each light-emitting element 36a-z.

[0069] The control of which pixels should be active at what time and with what intensity is implemented in the integrated circuit, in particular the FPGA. The corresponding digital signal of the environment simulation generated by the computing device is first converted into an analog signal and then used as the input signal for the lamp driver 34a-z.

[0070] The invention is based on the realization that the number of different intensity values ​​needed to be used is actually smaller than the number of sensor pixels. The goal of the pixel wall or display surface 16a is to mimic a point cloud that the LIDAR sensor 10 sees in real-life use.

[0071] When considering a point cloud as the simulation result to be achieved, it becomes clear that only a limited number of different intensity values ​​need to be represented.

[0072] A cluster 18 or pixel aggregation cluster is defined by the light elements 36a-z belonging to an intensity cluster.

[0073] Globally speaking, multiple digital-to-analog converters 22a-22n per cluster 18 can thus deliver the same intensity value. This means that, theoretically, the entire display area can be one large cluster 18.

[0074] However, a cluster 18 doesn't have to have anything to do with the shape of an object. The corresponding light elements can be located anywhere; they just have to have the same intensity value at the same time when the scene is input.

[0075] The signal generation unit 16 is designed so that the intensity value of the aggregated pixels can be changed from distance to distance. Pixel enable signals are provided for subselecting pixels at a specific distance. The clusters 18 are redefined from scene to scene or from frame to frame of the environment simulation.

[0076] At any given time, i.e., at any given distance from the sensor, there are only as many intensities as there are digital-to-analog converter channels, but these can then be freely selected. Even if only a few intensities are available overall, they are usually sufficient.

[0077] The advantage is that certain areas can be assigned a higher resolution, i.e., have more intensities per pixel area, while other areas have a lower resolution. This assignment can be varied dynamically from scene to scene.

[0078] Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of a display area of ​​a signal generating unit according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.

[0079] The aggregated cluster 18 of pixels 16b of equal intensity I is independent of a shape and / or a time delay of objects 42a, 42b, 42c displayed on the display surface 16a within a measurement cycle of the LiDAR sensor 10 to be tested.

[0080] Furthermore, the pixels 16b aggregated into the cluster 18 can be assigned to the light elements 36a-z, 37a, 41a of a plurality of circuit boards 20a, 20b, 20c. Each cluster 18 generated on the display surface 16a of the signal generation unit 16 can be adapted in terms of its size and positioning on the display surface 16a of the signal generation unit 16 from measurement cycle to measurement cycle of the LiDAR sensor 10 under test.

[0081] An object 42a, 42b, 42c displayed on the display surface 16a of the signal generating unit 16 can be divided into a plurality of clusters 18.

[0082] The display surface 16a of the signal generating unit 16 preferably has a planar surface.

[0083] Alternatively, the display surface 16a of the signal generating unit 16 may have a curved surface with a predetermined radius.

[0084] Overlapping objects 42a, 42b, 42c, which are displayed on the display surface 16a of the signal generation unit 16 in a measurement cycle and have different intensities I and are located one behind the other, can be aggregated into a cluster 18. Distances between the objects 42a, 42b, 42c can be displayed by switching off the pixels 16b for a predetermined period of time.

[0085] A pixel resolution and / or a number of displayable intensity gradations of the display area 16a of the signal generation unit 16 corresponds at least to a pixel resolution and / or a number of detectable intensity gradations of the LiDAR sensor 10.

[0086] Different intensities can be generated either from distance to distance or from cluster 18 to cluster 18. A pixel area of ​​the display area 16a that can be controlled by a circuit board is marked as a black frame. The functionality can be seen using the example of the pedestrian in the front right image area as a target and an overlap of the target across multiple circuit boards.

[0087] The head has a medium intensity, the body a high intensity, the legs a medium intensity, and the hand a low intensity. The intensity depends on the reflectivity of the target surface and the distance from the sensor.

[0088] Depending on its position in the image area, the truck can also be well represented by separating the upper glazed cab from the rest of the truck with metallic high reflectivity.

[0089] The lower part of the truck is a cluster 18 of equal intensity and extends over two circuit boards.

[0090] The representation of the simulated distance of an object is determined by the time delay of the signal emitted by the pixels. Thus, a scene can contain objects at different distances, which are then represented by the pixel wall 16a at different times.

[0091] The intensity values ​​can still be changed between different distances, or pixels can be disabled using enable signals. Due to the long switching times of the crosspoint switches 28a-n, 30a-n, and 32a-n, a change in the clusters 18 can only occur after each measurement cycle of the sensor 10. Within these restrictions, even consecutive objects with different distances from the sensor 10 can be displayed with the same pixels 16b.

[0092] Fig. 4 shows a flowchart of a method for testing the LiDAR sensor according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.

[0093] The method comprises providing S1 a trigger detector 12 and a signal generator 14 connected to the trigger detector 12.

[0094] Furthermore, the method comprises providing S2 a display area 16a of a signal generation unit 16 of the signal generator 14 with a predetermined number of pixels 16b.

[0095] The method further comprises controlling S3 the signal generator 14 by the trigger detector 12 in response to the receipt of a signal from a LiDAR sensor 10 to be tested such that the signal generation unit 16 of the signal generator 14 outputs a predetermined optical signal synthetically generated by a computing device, in particular a synthetically generated reflection of a LiDAR sensor signal.

[0096] Furthermore, the method comprises aggregating S4 pixels 16b of the same intensity I into a cluster 18 by the signal generator 14.

[0097] Although specific embodiments have been illustrated and described herein, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that numerous alternative and / or equivalent implementations exist. It should be noted that the exemplary embodiment or exemplary embodiments are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope, applicability, or configuration in any way.

[0098] Rather, the foregoing summary and detailed description will provide one skilled in the art with a convenient road map for implementing at least one exemplary embodiment, it being understood that various changes in functionality and arrangement of elements may be made without departing from the scope of the appended claims and their legal equivalents.

[0099] In general, this application is intended to cover modifications, adaptations, or variations of the embodiments presented herein.

[0100] The LiDAR sensor can, for example, be a mechanically rotating scanning LiDAR.

[0101] In this case, the display surface 16a of the signal generating unit 16 would be arranged at an angle of 360° around the LiDAR sensor 12. List of reference symbols 1 test system 10 LiDAR sensor 12 Trigger detector 14 Signal generator 16 Signal generation unit 18 clusters 16a Display area 16b pixels 20a, 20b, 20c circuit boards 22a-n digital-to-analog converter 24a-n digital-to-analog converter 26a-n digital-to-analog converter 28a-n Crosspoint switch 30a-n crosspoint switch 32a-n crosspoint switch 34a-z, 35a, 39a light element drivers 36a-z, 37a, 41a lighting elements 38a, 38b, 38c, 38d optical fiber 40a, 40b, 40c integrated circuit 42a, 42b, 42c Object I Intensity RTS optical signal S1-S4 process steps TS trigger signal

Claims

[1] Test system (1) for a LiDAR sensor (10), comprising a trigger detector (12) and a signal generator (14) connected to the trigger detector (12), wherein the signal generator (14) is controlled by the trigger detector (12) in response to the receipt of a trigger signal (TS) from a LiDAR sensor (10) to be tested in such a way that a predetermined, synthetically generated, optical signal (RTS), in particular a synthetically generated reflection of the trigger signal (TS), is output by a signal generation unit (16) of the signal generator (14), wherein the signal generation unit (16) has a display area (16a) with a predetermined number of pixels (16b), and wherein the signal generator (14) is configured to aggregate pixels (16b) of the same intensity (I) into a cluster (18). [2] Test system according to claim 1, wherein the signal generator (14) comprises a plurality of printed circuit boards (20a, 20b, 20c), on each of which a plurality of digital-to-analog converters (22a-22n, 24a-n, 26a-n) are arranged, wherein each of the plurality of digital-to-analog converters (22a-22n, 24a-n, 26a-n) is connected to an input of a plurality of crosspoint switches (28a-n, 30a-n, 32a-n). [3] Test system according to claim 2, wherein respective outputs of the plurality of crosspoint switches (28a-n, 30a-n, 32a-n) are connected to a light-emitting element driver (34a-z, 35a, 39a) controlling a light-emitting element (36a-z, 37a, 41a) of the signal generating unit (16), in particular a light-emitting diode or a laser diode. [4] Test system according to claim 3, wherein respective luminous elements (36a-z, 37a, 41a) of the signal generating unit (16) of each of the plurality of printed circuit boards (20a, 20b, 20c) are connected via optical fibers (38a, 38b, 38c, 38d) to a pixel (16b) of the display surface (16a) assigned to the respective luminous element (36a-z, 37a, 41a). [5] Test system according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the number of light-emitting elements (36a-z, 37a, 41a) of each circuit board (20a, 20b, 20c) is greater than the number of digital-analog converters (22a-22n, 24a-n, 26a-n), wherein the crosspoint switches (28an, 30a-n, 32a-n) arranged between the digital-analog converters (22a-22n, 24a-n, 26a-n) and the light-emitting element drivers (34a-z, 35a, 39a) of the light-emitting elements (36a-z, 37a, 41a) are designed to provide a dynamically adjustable, coordinate-wise connection between the digital-analog converters (22a-22n, 24a-n, 26a-n) and the lighting elements (36a-z, 37a, 41a). [6] Test system according to one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the plurality of digital-to-analog converters (22a-22n, 24a-n, 26a-n) arranged on a respective circuit board (20a, 20b, 20c) can be controlled by an integrated circuit (40a, 40b, 40c), in particular an FPGA, arranged on the respective circuit board (20a, 20b, 20c) or outside the respective circuit board (20a, 20b, 20c). [7] Test system according to claim 6, wherein the integrated circuit (40a, 40b, 40c), in particular the FPGA, is connected to an input of each of the plurality of digital-to-analog converters (22a-22n, 24a-n, 26a-n). [8] Test system according to one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the aggregated cluster (18) of pixels (16b) of equal intensity (I) is independent of a shape and / or a time delay of objects (42a, 42b, 42c) displayed on the display surface (16a) within a measurement cycle of the LiDAR sensor (10) to be tested, and wherein the pixels (16b) aggregated to form the cluster (18) can be assigned to light elements (36a-z, 37a, 41a) of a plurality of circuit boards (20a, 20b, 20c). [9] Test system according to one of claims 2 to 8, wherein each input of a crosspoint switch (28a-n, 30a-n, 32a-n) can be connected to a plurality of outputs of the crosspoint switch (28a-n, 30a-n, 32a-n), wherein each digital-to-analog converter (22a-22n, 24a-n, 26a-n) is configured to control each light-emitting element (36a-z, 37a, 41a). [10] Test system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein each cluster (18) generated on the display surface (16a) of the signal generation unit (16) is adaptable in its size and positioning on the display surface (16a) of the signal generation unit (16) from measurement cycle to measurement cycle of the LiDAR sensor (10) to be tested. [11] Test system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein an object (42a, 42b, 42c) displayed on the display surface (16a) of the signal generating unit (16) can be divided into a plurality of clusters (18), and wherein the display surface (16a) of the signal generating unit (16) has a surface curved with a predetermined radius. [12] Test system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein overlapping objects (42a, 42b, 42c) which are displayed on the display surface (16a) of the signal generation unit (16) in a measuring cycle and have different intensities (I) and are located one behind the other can be aggregated to form a cluster (18), wherein distances existing between the objects (42a, 42b, 42c) can be displayed by switching off the pixels (16b) for a predetermined period of time. [13] Test system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a pixel resolution and / or a number of displayable intensity gradations of the display area (16a) of the signal generation unit (16) corresponds to at least one pixel resolution and / or a number of detectable intensity gradations of the LiDAR sensor (10). [14] Method for testing a LiDAR sensor (10), comprising the steps: Providing (S1) a trigger detector (12) and a signal generator (14) connected to the trigger detector (12), Providing (S2) a display area (16a) of a signal generation unit (16) of the signal generator (14) with a predetermined number of pixels (16b); Controlling (S3) the signal generator (14) by the trigger detector (12) in response to the reception of a signal from a LiDAR sensor (10) to be tested such that the signal generation unit (16) of the signal generator (14) generates a predetermined, a synthetically generated optical signal, in particular a synthetically generated reflection of a LiDAR sensor signal, is output; and Aggregating (S4) pixels (16b) of the same intensity (I) into a cluster (18) by the signal generator (14).

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