Electrical energy storage system with temperature-controlled gas outlet

Abstract

Electrical energy storage device (10) for a motor vehicle, preferably a commercial vehicle, comprising: several battery cells (12), each having a degassing element (12a) for releasing gas from the respective battery cells (12); a receiving chamber (14) for receiving the gas released from the respective degassing elements (12a); a temperature control plate (16) which is arranged at a distance from the several battery cells (12) and through which a temperature control medium can flow; and a support plate (18) which is arranged between the temperature control plate (16) and the degassing elements (12a) and has at least one passage (18a) to the receiving chamber (14), wherein the at least one passage (18a) is fluidically connected to the degassing elements (12a); wherein the temperature control plate (16) and the support plate (18) define the receiving space (14) at least sectionally, preferably on opposite sides of the receiving space (14).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to an electrical energy storage device and a motor vehicle with such an energy storage device.

[0002] Electrical energy storage devices (e.g., high-voltage batteries) for motor vehicles typically consist of a large number of electrically interconnected or interconnectable battery cells. Particularly when using lithium-ion battery cells, external influences or a fault in one of the battery cells (e.g., an internal short circuit) can lead to thermal runaway. This process releases large amounts of energy through internal exothermic reactions, causing at least some of the cell's electrolyte to transition into a gaseous state. The temperature of the gas can reach peak values ​​of several hundred °C and even exceed 1000 °C. Furthermore, the gas stream can also contain conductive particles, which can potentially cause a short circuit in live components. Within the energy storage device, this can trigger chain reactions (thermal propagation), ultimately destroying the entire device.

[0003] To ensure that gas flow is released from battery cells in a controlled manner in the event of a fault, the prior art includes the provision of appropriate pressure relief or safety valves, so-called "safety vents," on the battery cells. US 2006 O 292 437 A1 serves as an example. To prevent damage to other battery components, the gas flow should be routed away from the electrical energy storage system in a manner that is as separate as possible from the remaining battery components, for example, via appropriate ducting systems.

[0004] In this context, DE 10 2020 202 306 A1 discloses a battery module for a high-voltage battery system with at least one cylindrical cell stack unit comprising a number of cylindrical cells, each having a top-end cell pole and a bottom-end cell pole, wherein the cylindrical cells extend axially parallel between a top-end bearing plate and a bottom-end bearing plate, and wherein the cell poles are electrically interconnected via pole connectors. The pole connectors comprise at least a top-end circuit board and / or a bottom-end circuit board, which are connected to the top-end and / or bottom-end cell poles via one of the bearing plates.

[0005] From US patent 2017 / 0373287 A1, a battery pack is further disclosed, comprising several submodules, each containing several battery cells electrically interconnected, and an exhaust duct located between and integrated into at least two opposing battery modules. The exhaust duct includes an exhaust outlet that communicates with an outer surface of a safety valve in each battery cell of each of the opposing battery modules.

[0006] A disadvantage of the known solutions for gas venting is often the large amount of installation space required and the low temperature dissipation from the gas flow, so that it has a correspondingly high temperature over long distances.

[0007] The invention is therefore based on the objective of providing an improved energy storage device for a motor vehicle. A preferred objective of the invention is to provide the simplest and most compact solution possible, which also achieves the highest possible level of protection against thermal propagation.

[0008] These problems can be solved using the features of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments and applications of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims and are explained in more detail in the following description with partial reference to the figures.

[0009] A first independent aspect of the present disclosure relates to an electrical energy storage device for a motor vehicle. Preferably, the electrical energy storage device is an electrical energy storage device for a commercial vehicle, e.g., for a truck and / or bus.

[0010] The electrical energy storage device comprises several battery cells (e.g., lithium-ion battery cells), each of which has a degassing element (e.g., a pressure relief valve) for releasing gas from the respective battery cell. The respective degassing elements thus serve for cell degassing. Preferably, the multiple battery cells are arranged side by side and / or all in the same orientation. For example, the multiple battery cells can each be arranged with their degassing element facing upwards.

[0011] The electrical energy storage device further comprises a receiving space, preferably of considerable size, for receiving the gas emitted from the respective degassing elements. The receiving space can, for example, be in the form of a free volume, i.e., a volume specifically kept clear for receiving the gases. The receiving space can serve to collect and / or distribute the gases emitted from the respective degassing elements over a large area.

[0012] Furthermore, the electrical energy storage device includes a temperature control plate (e.g., a cooling plate) that is positioned at a distance from the multiple battery cells and / or from the degassing elements. For example, the temperature control plate can be located above the battery cells or degassing elements and / or be oriented essentially horizontally. A temperature control medium (e.g., cooling water) flows through the temperature control plate. For this purpose, the temperature control plate can have a channel structure, e.g., a meandering one, to guide the temperature control medium.

[0013] The electrical energy storage device also includes a support plate (e.g., a steel plate). This plate can, for example, be oriented essentially horizontally. The support plate is positioned between the temperature control plate and the degassing elements and has at least one passage (e.g., a bore and / or a recess) to the receiving chamber. This at least one passage is fluidically connected to the degassing elements (e.g., via a tubular connecting line). Accordingly, gases emitted from the respective degassing elements should preferably be able to enter the receiving chamber through this at least one passage.

[0014] It is provided that the temperature control plate and the support plate at least partially define the receiving space. Preferably, the temperature control plate and the support plate define the receiving space on opposite sides of the receiving space (e.g., top and bottom). Accordingly, the temperature control plate, the support plate, and the receiving space can form a sandwich structure in which the receiving space can be arranged between the temperature control plate and the support plate.

[0015] Overall, this advantageously provides a space, ideally extending in two dimensions (e.g., a horizontal plane), for the degassing of gases escaping from the respective degassing elements during cell degassing. This advantageously enables the overly large distribution of the gases and thus a rapid reduction of the overpressure. Furthermore, the temperature control plate can advantageously cool the receiving space or provide a heat sink for the hot gases generated during cell degassing. Moreover, the use of the temperature control plate, which is typically already present in electrical energy storage devices, to define the receiving space allows for a particularly space-saving integration of the receiving space, especially in the case of multi-layered energy storage systems, as will be described in more detail below.

[0016] According to one aspect, the electrical energy storage device can further comprise at least one (e.g., tubular) connecting line (e.g., a hollow profile). The at least one passage and the degassing elements can be fluidically connected via this at least one connecting line. Similarly, the at least one passage can be in fluid communication with a plurality of degassing elements. For example, the at least one connecting line can be designed in the form of a hollow profile. In one embodiment, this can have an end region that surrounds the degassing elements. Preferably, the at least one connecting line can be essentially straight and / or run perpendicular to an alignment plane of the support plate (e.g., vertically). This advantageously provides a simple means of directing the gas emitted from the respective degassing elements to the receiving space.

[0017] According to another aspect, the at least one passage can have several (e.g., spaced-apart) passages. For example, the support plate can have several passages (e.g., arranged along a row). The number of passages can correspond to the number of battery cells or degassing elements. Furthermore, the at least one connecting line can have several connecting lines (e.g., several pipe sections and / or sleeves). Each of the several connecting lines can be assigned to one of the several passages. Accordingly, for example, each of the degassing elements can be connected to the receiving chamber via a separate connecting line. Advantageously, in the event of cell degassing, gases or particles can thus be guided to the receiving chamber with minimal impact on the other battery cells.

[0018] Another aspect is that the temperature control plate and the support plate can be arranged parallel to each other, offset from one another. For example, the temperature control plate and the support plate can be spaced apart but aligned in the same direction.

[0019] Alternatively, or in addition, the temperature control plate and the support plate can each be positioned above the multiple battery cells. The multiple battery cells can thus be positioned below the temperature control plate or the support plate with respect to a vertical axis of the electrical energy storage device.

[0020] Alternatively, or in addition, the temperature control plate and the support plate can be arranged opposite each other. Preferably, the temperature control plate and the support plate are arranged directly opposite each other. Accordingly, preferably no other components should be arranged between the temperature control plate and the support plate.

[0021] Alternatively, or in addition, the temperature control plate and the support plate can be separated from each other by the receiving chamber. Accordingly, the temperature control plate, the support plate, and the receiving chamber can form a sandwich structure, with the receiving chamber positioned between the temperature control plate and the support plate.

[0022] Alternatively, or in addition, the temperature control plate and the support plate can each be oriented essentially horizontally. Therefore, the temperature control plate and the support plate should preferably each be aligned in a horizontal plane.

[0023] According to another aspect, the tempering plate can include a side surface facing the degassing elements (e.g., the lower one). This can also be referred to as the first side surface. The first side surface can be made of a heat-resistant material (e.g., steel and / or mica). For example, the tempering plate can be made of aluminum and have a coating of mica (e.g., synthetic mica) on the first side surface. This advantageously provides a highly resistant contact surface for the (hot) substances escaping from the respective degassing elements during cell degassing.

[0024] Alternatively, or in addition, the temperature control plate can be permeable to a temperature control medium, preferably liquid (e.g., cooling water). For example, the temperature control plate can have a channel structure, e.g., meandering, for guiding the temperature control medium.

[0025] In addition, or alternatively, the temperature control plate can be used to regulate the temperature of the receiving chamber. For example, this can be used to regulate the temperature, and in particular to cool, the gases received in the receiving chamber.

[0026] Another aspect is that the storage compartment can be located above the multiple battery cells. The multiple battery cells can thus be arranged below the storage compartment with respect to a vertical axis of the electrical energy storage device.

[0027] Alternatively, or in addition, the recording space can span multiple battery cells. For example, the recording space can extend over all battery cells, meaning it can reach to the outermost cells in two dimensions. This advantageously provides the largest possible recording space.

[0028] Furthermore, or alternatively, the receiving space cannot be tubular and / or channel-shaped. The receiving space should therefore preferably not be bounded by a pipe or channel, but rather have an extended shape (at least in two dimensions).

[0029] In addition, or alternatively, the receiving space can serve to distribute the gas released from the respective degassing elements, preferably over a large volume. Preferably, the receiving space is thus designed to distribute the substances released or escaping from the respective degassing elements over the largest possible volume, but at least along two dimensions (a large area). This advantageously allows for rapid expansion and rapid cooling of the substances escaping from the respective degassing elements.

[0030] According to another aspect, the electrical energy storage device can have a housing (e.g., frame-shaped). The housing can be cast, for example, from a metal alloy. The multiple battery cells, the receiving chamber, the temperature control plate, and / or the support plate can be arranged within the housing. This advantageously ensures reliable protection of the respective components from environmental influences.

[0031] Another aspect is that the receiving area can be laterally bounded by the housing. Preferably, the housing can completely surround the receiving area or form a closed, multi-sided (e.g., four-sided) frame for the receiving area. Accordingly, the receiving area can be bounded at the top by the temperature control plate, at the bottom by the support plate, and laterally by the housing. This advantageously allows for the provision of a receiving area with the largest possible surface area or volume.

[0032] In addition or alternatively, the recording space can extend over at least 50%, preferably at least 70%, particularly preferably at least 90% of the length of the housing.

[0033] In addition or alternatively, the recording space can extend over at least 50%, preferably at least 70%, particularly preferably at least 90% of the width of the housing.

[0034] According to another aspect, the housing can have a first housing section (e.g., frame-shaped) and a second housing section (e.g., frame-shaped), preferably separate from the first housing section. The housing can thus be modular. Preferably, the first and second housing sections are abutting each other or in direct contact with each other. For example, the first and second housing sections can be stacked (e.g., on top of each other). Accordingly, the first housing section can be, for example, a lower housing section and the second housing section, for example, an upper housing section. As will be described in more detail below, different layers of battery cells can advantageously be accommodated in each of the respective housing sections.

[0035] Another aspect is that the support plate can separate the first housing section from the second housing section. For example, the support plate can separate a first interior space of the first housing section from a second interior space of the second housing section.

[0036] Alternatively, or in addition, the multiple battery cells can be arranged in the first housing section. For example, the multiple battery cells can be surrounded by the first housing section.

[0037] Alternatively, or in addition, the recording chamber and / or the temperature control plate can be located in the second housing section. For example, the recording chamber and / or the temperature control plate can be surrounded by the second housing section.

[0038] According to another aspect, the housing (e.g., its second housing section) can have an exhaust valve (e.g., a pressure relief valve). The exhaust valve can thus be arranged on the housing (e.g., the second housing section). Preferably, the exhaust valve serves to discharge the gas released from the respective degassing elements out of the housing. For example, the housing (e.g., its second housing section) can have a passage in which the exhaust valve is arranged. A connection to the environment or the outside space of the electrical energy storage device can thus be opened via the exhaust valve. Furthermore, the exhaust valve can be fluidically connected to the receiving space via an exhaust line (e.g., running substantially vertically). Advantageously, the gases released during cell degassing can thus be discharged from the electrical energy storage device.

[0039] According to another aspect, the temperature control plate can have a side surface facing away from the degassing elements (e.g., the top). This can also be referred to as the second side surface. Furthermore, the electrical energy storage device can have at least one additional battery cell, which, for clarity, can also be referred to as at least one second battery cell. This at least one second battery cell can be arranged on the second side surface, i.e., the side surface facing away from the degassing elements. Accordingly, the at least one second battery cell can preferably be temperature-controlled (e.g., cooled) by means of the temperature control plate. To improve the thermal contact between the at least one second battery cell and the temperature control plate, a gap filler (e.g., a gap pad and / or thermal paste) can be arranged between these components.This advantageously allows for efficient dual use of the temperature control plate, both for temperature control of the recording chamber and for temperature control of at least one second battery cell.

[0040] According to another aspect, the outlet pipe can extend at least partially at the level of the at least one second battery cell. For example, the outlet pipe and the at least one second battery cell can be arranged at the same level, at least partially, with respect to a vertical axis of the electrical energy storage system.

[0041] Alternatively, or in addition, the outlet line can run laterally alongside the at least one second battery cell. For example, the outlet line to the at least one second battery cell can be offset along a transverse and / or longitudinal axis of the electrical energy storage device.

[0042] Alternatively, or in addition, the outlet pipe can be located above the multiple battery cells. The multiple battery cells can thus be located below the outlet pipe with respect to a vertical axis of the electrical energy storage system.

[0043] Alternatively, or in addition, the outlet valve can be located at least partially at the level of the at least one second battery cell. For example, the outlet valve and the at least one second battery cell can be located at least partially at the same level with respect to a vertical axis of the electrical energy storage device.

[0044] Another aspect is that the multiple battery cells and at least one second battery cell can be arranged in different layers and / or levels. For example, the electrical energy storage device can thus be a multilayer energy storage device, i.e., an energy storage device with battery cells arranged in multiple layers or levels.

[0045] Alternatively, or in addition, the multiple battery cells and the at least one second battery cell can be arranged offset with respect to a vertical axis H of the electrical energy storage device. For example, the at least one second battery cell can be arranged above or below the multiple battery cells.

[0046] In addition or alternatively, the temperature control plate, the support plate and / or the receiving space can be arranged between the multiple battery cells and the at least one second battery cell.

[0047] Furthermore, the disclosure relates to a motor vehicle (e.g., a truck or a bus) comprising an electrical energy storage device as disclosed in this document. Preferably, the motor vehicle is a commercial vehicle, i.e., a motor vehicle specifically designed and equipped for transporting goods and / or towing one or more (e.g., agricultural) trailers. For example, the commercial vehicle could be a truck, a semi-trailer truck, a construction vehicle, and / or an agricultural machine (e.g., a tractor).

[0048] The aspects and features of this disclosure described above can be combined in any way. Further details and advantages are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. These show: Fig. 1A - 3 Schematic representation of electrical energy storage devices according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0049] The embodiments shown in the figures are at least partially identical, so similar or identical parts are marked with the same reference numerals, and reference is made to the descriptions of the other embodiments or figures to avoid repetition. Furthermore, for the sake of clarity, components that appear multiple times have not been referenced separately.

[0050] The Fig. Figures 1A-3 show (partially) embodiments of an electrical energy storage device 10 for a motor vehicle (not shown). The electrical energy storage device 10 can provide electrical energy for at least one electric drive unit to power the motor vehicle. For example, the motor vehicle can be powered by a central electric drive, by several electric wheel hub drives, or by several wheel-mounted electric drives. The electrical energy storage device 10 can be designed as a high-voltage energy storage device. The high-voltage energy storage device can be operated, for example, with a DC voltage between 60 V and 1.5 kV, particularly preferably between 400 V and 850 V. The electrical energy storage device 10 can be charged externally via an electrical charging cable connected to a charging socket of the motor vehicle.

[0051] The electrical energy storage device 10 comprises several battery cells 12. These multiple battery cells 12 can be, for example, lithium-ion battery cells. Each of the multiple battery cells 12 can be identical in design. Each of the multiple battery cells 12 can have an electrolyte and an electrode stack and / or electrode winding. Furthermore, each of the multiple battery cells 12 can have a cell housing. The respective cell housings can contain an electrolyte and an electrode stack or electrode winding. The cell housing can have a top surface, a bottom surface, and a cladding surface connecting the top and bottom surfaces. In a preferred embodiment, the multiple battery cells 12 can each be prismatic battery cells. However, the multiple battery cells 12 can also be designed as pouch cells or cylindrical cells.

[0052] The multiple battery cells 12 can be arranged in one position. Preferably, the multiple battery cells 12 are all oriented in the same way (see Figure 1). Fig. 1A). For example, the respective cover surfaces of the multiple battery cells 12 can each be oriented upwards. Within the position, the multiple battery cells 12 can be arranged in the form of one or more battery cell stacks. For example, the multiple battery cells 12 can be arranged in the form of three battery cell stacks, preferably arranged parallel to one another. The battery cell stacks can each be identical or each have the same number of battery cells 12 (e.g., sixteen battery cells 12). Within a battery cell stack, the battery cells 12 can be stacked next to or behind each other along a stacking direction. The stacking direction can, for example, be horizontally oriented. It is possible that a gap filler (e.g.,a gappad) is arranged between two of the battery cells 12 of a battery cell stack.

[0053] The multiple battery cells 12 can each have contact terminals 12b (e.g., a positive terminal and a negative terminal). The respective contact terminals 12b can be arranged, for example, on the respective end faces of the battery cells 12. The contact terminals 12b of the multiple battery cells 12 can be connected to each other (e.g., in series). For this purpose, the electrical energy storage device 10 can have a cell contacting system (not shown).

[0054] The multiple battery cells 12 each have a degassing element 12a for releasing gas from the respective battery cells 12. For example, the respective degassing elements 12a can be designed as a pressure relief valve and / or as a material weakening or predetermined breaking point (e.g., in the form of a rupture disc). The respective degassing elements 12a can open automatically when a pressure threshold is exceeded inside the respective battery cells 12 or within the cell housing. The respective degassing elements 12a can thus serve to protect the respective battery cells 12 from damaging overpressure. Accordingly, the respective degassing elements 12a can be designed to allow a gas flow from a respective interior space of the cell housing, e.g., along a predetermined degassing path, to escape into the environment of the respective battery cell 12.The respective degassing elements 12a can each be arranged on the same side surface of the respective battery cells 12 as the contact terminals 12b. For example, the respective degassing elements 12a can be arranged on the respective top surfaces of the battery cells 12 (e.g., between the contact terminals). Accordingly, the degassing elements 12a of the multiple battery cells 12 of the electrical energy storage device 10 can all be oriented upwards.

[0055] The electrical energy storage device 10 can also have a housing 11 (see e.g. Fig. 1A). The housing 11 can be made of, for example, a metal alloy or plastic. The housing 11 can contain the multiple battery cells 12. The housing 11 can thus serve to protect the multiple battery cells 12 against external influences, in particular dirt and / or moisture. The housing 11 can be frame-shaped, preferably polygonal (e.g., rectangular). Preferably, the housing 11 is completely circumferential or forms a closed, multi-sided (e.g., four-sided) frame.

[0056] The housing 11 can have a length. This can, for example, denote a spatial extent along a longitudinal axis L of the housing 11 or the energy storage device 10. The longitudinal axis L can, for example, run in the direction of the longest extent of the housing 11 or the energy storage device 10. The housing 11 can also have a width. This can, for example, denote a spatial extent along a transverse axis Q of the housing 11 or the energy storage device 10. The transverse axis Q can, for example, be oriented in a further direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L. For example, the longitudinal axis L and the transverse axis Q can each be oriented horizontally. Furthermore, the housing 11 or the energy storage device 10 can have a vertical axis H. This can preferably be perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L and the transverse axis Q. For example, the vertical axis H can be oriented vertically or parallel to the direction of gravity.

[0057] The energy storage device 10 may further have a base, preferably plate-shaped (not shown). The base may cover the housing 11 from below.

[0058] The energy storage device 10 can also have a lid, preferably plate-shaped (see figure). Fig. 1B). The lid can cover the housing 11 from above.

[0059] Furthermore, the electrical energy storage device 10 has a receiving chamber 14, a temperature control plate 16 and a support plate 18 (see Fig. 1B). Preferably, these components are arranged within the housing 11 or included in the housing 11.

[0060] The receiving chamber 14 preferably serves to receive the gas emitted from the respective degassing elements 12a. The receiving chamber 14 can be a substantially free volume. The receiving chamber 14 can be at least partially delimited by the temperature control plate 16 and the support plate 18 (see Figure 1). Fig. 1B). Accordingly, the temperature control plate 16 and the support plate 18 can be arranged opposite each other, preferably directly. For example, the receiving chamber 14 can be bounded on a first side (e.g., a top side) of the receiving chamber 14 by the temperature control plate 16. Furthermore, the receiving chamber 14 can be bounded on a second side (e.g., a bottom side) of the receiving chamber 14 by the support plate 18, preferably opposite the first side. Accordingly, the receiving chamber 14 can be arranged between the temperature control plate 16 and the support plate 18 and / or the temperature control plate 16 and the support plate 18 can be spaced apart from each other by the receiving chamber 14. The receiving chamber 14, the temperature control plate 16, and the support plate 18 can thus form a sandwich structure in which the receiving chamber 14 is arranged between the temperature control plate 16 and the support plate 18. Furthermore, the receiving chamber 14 can be bounded laterally, e.g.,in relation to the longitudinal axis L and the transverse axis Q, be limited by the housing 11.

[0061] The receiving space 14 preferably serves to distribute the substances escaping from the respective degassing elements 12a in at least two dimensions, e.g., along the longitudinal axis L and the transverse axis Q. Accordingly, the receiving space 14 can extend along the longitudinal axis L and the transverse axis Q. Accordingly, the receiving space 14 should preferably not be tubular and / or channel-shaped. For example, the receiving space 14 can extend over at least 50%, preferably at least 70%, particularly preferably at least 90% of the length of the housing 11. Furthermore, the receiving space 14 can extend over at least 50%, preferably at least 70%, particularly preferably at least 90% of the width of the housing 11. The receiving space 14 can thus span the multiple battery cells 12. For example, the receiving space 14 can be arranged above the multiple battery cells 12.

[0062] The aforementioned temperature control plate 16 can be plate-shaped. The temperature control plate 16 can, for example, have a flat and / or planar shape. For instance, the temperature control plate 16 can be essentially cuboid. The temperature control plate 16 can extend substantially along the entire length and width of the housing 11. The temperature control plate 16 can extend between two opposing side walls of the housing 11. The temperature control plate 16 can be arranged above the multiple battery cells 12 (see Figure 1). Fig. 1B). The temperature control plate 16 can be permeated by a temperature control medium, preferably liquid (e.g., cooling water). For this purpose, the temperature control plate 16 can have a channel structure, e.g., meandering, to guide the temperature control medium. The temperature control plate 16 can be oriented substantially horizontally. The temperature control plate 16 can be directly adjacent to the receiving chamber 14 or form a boundary of the receiving chamber 14. Accordingly, the temperature control plate 16 can be arranged to temperature control the receiving chamber 14 or gases contained therein.

[0063] The tempering plate 16 can include a side surface facing the degassing elements 12a (e.g., the lower side), which can also be referred to as the first side surface 16a. The first side surface 16a can face the receiving chamber 14 or define the receiving chamber 14. The first side surface 16a can be made of a heat-resistant material (e.g., steel and / or mica). For example, the tempering plate 16 can be coated with the heat-resistant material on the first side surface 16a. Alternatively, the entire tempering plate 16, and thus the first side surface 16a, can be made of the heat-resistant material (e.g., steel). Preferably, the heat-resistant material or the tempering plate 16 has a melting point of at least 800 °C, preferably at least 1000 °C. Furthermore, the tempering plate 16 can have a side surface facing away from the degassing elements 12a (e.g., the lower side).upper) side surface, which can also be referred to as the second side surface 16b.

[0064] The aforementioned support plate 18 can be plate-shaped. The support plate 18 can, for example, have a flat and / or planar shape. For instance, the support plate 18 can be essentially cuboid. The support plate 18 can extend substantially along the entire length and width of the housing 11. The support plate 18 can extend between two opposing side walls of the housing 11. The support plate 18 can, for example, be designed as a steel plate. The support plate 18 can be attached to the housing 11, e.g., by bolting and / or welding. The support plate 18 can stiffen the housing 11. The support plate 18 can be oriented substantially horizontally. The support plate 18 can be arranged above the multiple battery cells 12. The support plate 18 can be arranged parallel to the temperature control plate 16 and offset from it.

[0065] The support plate 18 can comprise a side surface facing the degassing elements 12a (e.g., the lower side). Furthermore, the support plate 18 can comprise a side surface facing away from the degassing elements 12a (e.g., the upper side). This side surface can face the receiving chamber 14 or define the boundaries of the receiving chamber 14. The side surface facing away from the degassing elements 12a or facing the receiving chamber 14 can be made of a heat-resistant material (e.g., steel and / or mica). The support plate 18 is arranged between the tempering plate 16 and the degassing elements 12a (see figure). Fig. 1B). Furthermore, the support plate 18 has at least one passage 18a to the receiving chamber 14. For illustrative purposes only, the at least one passage 18a can be configured as a bore, recess, and / or through-hole. The at least one passage 18a is fluidically connected to the degassing elements 12a.

[0066] For example, the electrical energy storage device 10 can have at least one (e.g., tubular) connecting line 15 through which the at least one passage 18a and the degassing elements 12a can be fluidically connected. The at least one connecting line 15 can, for example, be a hollow profile (e.g., a tube). This can have a concentric, rectangular, oval, or other closed cross-section. The at least one connecting line 15 can be essentially straight. For example, the at least one connecting line 15 can be vertically oriented in the west. The at least one connecting line 15 can thus run, for example, perpendicular to an alignment plane of the support plate 18.

[0067] The at least one connecting line 15 can have a first end 15a and a second end 15b, preferably opposite the first end 15a. The first end 15a can be connected to the multiple battery cells 12. A sealing element can optionally be arranged between the first end 15a and the multiple battery cells 12. The first end 15a can surround one or more of the degassing elements 12a (see Figure 1). Fig. 2A and Fig. 2B). For example, the first end 15a can surround sixteen degassing elements 12a or the at least one connecting line 15 can fluidically connect sixteen degassing elements 12a with the at least one passage 18a (see Fig. 2A). Accordingly, the at least one passage 18a can be in fluid contact with a plurality of degassing elements 12a. The second end 15b can be connected to the support plate 18 or its at least one passage 18a. Here, too, a further sealing element can optionally be arranged between the second end 15b and the support plate 18. A contour of the second end 15b can be formed to correspond to an outer contour of the at least one passage 18a. Furthermore, the first and / or second end 15a, 15b can each have a bent or folded area to increase the contact surface (cf. Fig. 3).

[0068] The at least one connecting line 15 can also be a separate component (e.g., a pipe section) and be fixed, for example, by means of a clamp connection between the several battery cells 12 and the support plate 18. Alternatively, the at least one connecting line 15 can be integrally connected to the support plate 18 or be molded onto the support plate 18.

[0069] In one embodiment, the at least one passage 18a can have several (e.g., spaced apart) passages 18a. For example, the support plate 18 can have several (e.g., arranged along a row) passages 18a. Preferably, the number of passages 18a is equal to the number of battery cells 12 or degassing elements 12a. For example, in the present exemplary case, the support plate 18 can have forty-eight passages 18a or holes. Furthermore, the at least one connecting line 15 can have several connecting lines 15 (e.g., several pipe sections and / or sleeves) (see Figure 1). Fig. 2B). Each of the several connecting lines 15 can be assigned to one of the several passages 18a. Accordingly, each of the degassing elements 12a can be connected to the receiving chamber 12 via a corresponding connecting line 15.

[0070] Furthermore, the electrical energy storage device 10 can have an exhaust valve 13 arranged on the housing 11. The exhaust valve 13 can serve to discharge the gas released from the respective degassing elements 12a from the housing 11. For example, the exhaust valve 13 can be designed as a pressure relief valve and / or as a weakened or predetermined breaking point (e.g., in the form of a rupture disc) in the housing 11. The exhaust valve 13 can open automatically when a pressure threshold inside the housing 11 is exceeded. The exhaust valve 13 can be designed to allow a gas flow from an interior of the housing 11 into the surrounding environment. The exhaust valve 13 can be arranged on a side surface of the housing 11. Preferably, the exhaust valve 13 is arranged above the multiple battery cells 12.The multiple battery cells 12 can therefore be arranged below the outlet valve 13 with respect to a vertical axis of the electrical energy storage device.

[0071] The outlet valve 13 can be in fluid communication with the receiving chamber 14. For example, the outlet valve 13 can be connected to the receiving chamber 14 via an outlet line 19. The outlet line 19 can be oriented substantially vertically. The outlet line 19 can be limited, at least in part, by the housing 11. The outlet line 19 can extend between the temperature control plate 16 and the outlet valve 13. The outlet line 19 can be located, for example, above the temperature control plate 16, the support plate 18, the at least one connecting line 15, and / or above the multiple battery cells 12. The outlet line 19 can be connected to an edge of the temperature control plate 16 and / or an opening in the temperature control plate 16. As indicated by the dashed arrow, substances escaping from one of the degassing elements 12a in the event of cell degassing can first be distributed in the receiving chamber 20 and, if necessary,They are cooled down before being discharged via the outlet line 19 (e.g. upwards) to the outlet valve 13 and from there into the outside space.

[0072] In one embodiment, the electrical energy storage device 10 can have at least one second battery cell 12' (see Figure 1). Fig. 1B). Preferably, this at least one second battery cell 12' is arranged in a different position or plane than the aforementioned multiple battery cells 12. For example, the at least one second battery cell 12' can be arranged above the multiple battery cells 12 with respect to the vertical axis H. Accordingly, the electrical energy storage device 10 can be a multi-layered energy storage device. The at least one second battery cell 12' can have the same orientation as the multiple battery cells 12. Furthermore, the at least one second battery cell 12' can have the features described above in connection with the multiple battery cells 12.

[0073] The at least one second battery cell 12' can be arranged on the side surface of the aforementioned temperature control plate 16 facing away from the degassing elements 12a. The at least one second battery cell 12' can be temperature-controlled by means of the temperature control plate 16. Accordingly, the temperature control plate 16 can be arranged between the at least one second battery cell 12' and the receiving chamber 14. As shown by way of example in Fig. As shown in Figure 1B, the outlet valve 13 can also be arranged, at least partially, at the level of the at least one second battery cell 12'. For example, the outlet valve 13 can be arranged laterally next to the at least one second battery cell 12'. Similarly, the outlet line 19 can also be arranged, at least partially, at the level of the at least one second battery cell 12'. For example, the outlet line 19 can run laterally next to the at least one second battery cell 12'. In this embodiment, degassing of the multiple battery cells 12 can thus be carried out via an overlying layer of battery cells.

[0074] It is further preferred that the housing 11 be modular in design. For example, the housing 11 can have a first housing section 11.1 (e.g., frame-shaped) and a second housing section 11.2 (e.g., frame-shaped) (see Figure 1). Fig.1B). The first and second housing sections 11.1, 11.2 can be stacked, preferably aligned or flush with each other. Furthermore, the housing 11 may have additional housing sections, e.g., a third and fourth housing section (not shown). A preferred stacking direction for the housing sections 11.1, 11.2 is vertical, i.e., the housing sections 11.1, 11.2 can be stacked on top of each other. For example, the second housing section 11.2 can be arranged above the first housing section 11.1. However, any other stacking direction is also possible, e.g., horizontally. The first and second housing sections 11.1, 11.2 can be held together by fasteners.

[0075] Preferably, the multiple battery cells 12 are arranged in the first housing section 11.1 and / or the at least one second battery cell 12' is arranged in the second housing section 11.2. The multiple battery cells 12 and the at least one second battery cell 12' are thus preferably arranged in different housing sections. The support plate 18 can separate the first housing section 11.1 and the second housing section 11.2 from each other. For example, the support plate 18 can separate a first interior space of the first housing section 11.1 from a second interior space of the second housing section 11.2. Furthermore, the receiving space 14 and the temperature control plate 16 can also be arranged in a different housing section than the multiple battery cells 12. For example, the receiving space 14 and / or the temperature control plate 16 can also be arranged in the second housing section 11.2.

[0076] Although the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it is apparent to a person skilled in the art that various modifications can be made and equivalents can be used as substitutes without departing from the scope of the invention. Consequently, the invention is not intended to be limited to the disclosed embodiments, but rather to encompass all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims. In particular, the invention also claims protection for the subject matter and features of the dependent claims independently of the referenced claims. Reference symbol list 10 Electrical energy storage 11 cases 11.1 First housing section 11.2 Second housing section 12 battery cells 12' Second battery cell 12a Degassing element 12b Contact pole 12b' Further contact pole 13 Exhaust valve 13' Further exhaust valve 14 Recording room 15 connecting line 15a First End 15b Second End 16 Tempering plate 16a First side surface 16b Second side surface 18 Support plate 18a Passage 19 Outlet pipe H vertical axis L Longitudinal axis Q transverse axis

Claims

[1] Electrical energy storage device (10) for a motor vehicle, preferably a commercial vehicle, comprising: several battery cells (12), each having a degassing element (12a) for releasing gas from the respective battery cells (12); a receiving chamber (14) for receiving the gas released from the respective degassing elements (12a); a temperature control plate (16) which is arranged at a distance from the several battery cells (12) and through which a temperature control medium can flow; and a support plate (18) which is arranged between the tempering plate (16) and the degassing elements (12a) and has at least one passage (18a) to the receiving chamber (14), wherein the at least one passage (18a) is fluidically connected to the degassing elements (12a); wherein the temperature control plate (16) and the support plate (18) define the receiving space (14) at least in sections, preferably on opposite sides of the receiving space (14). [2] Electrical energy storage device (10) according to claim 1, further comprising: at least one, preferably tubular, connecting line (15) via which the at least one passage (18a) and the degassing elements (12a) are fluidically connected, wherein the at least one connecting line (15) preferably: is essentially just trained; and / or is designed as a hollow profile; and / or perpendicular to an alignment plane of the support plate (18). [3] Electrical energy storage device (10) according to claim 2, wherein: which has at least one passage (18a) comprising several, preferably spaced-apart, passages (18a); and which has at least one connecting line (15) or several connecting lines (15), wherein each of the several connecting lines (15) is assigned to one of the several passages (18a). [4] Electrical energy storage device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the temperature control plate (16) and the support plate (18), a) are arranged parallel to each other, offset from one another; and / or b) are each arranged above the multiple battery cells (12); and / or c) are arranged opposite each other, preferably directly opposite each other; and / or d) are separated from each other by the recording room (14); and / or e) are each essentially horizontally oriented. [5] Electrical energy storage device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the receiving space (14): a) is arranged above the multiple battery cells (12), and / or b) spans the multiple battery cells (12); and / or c) is not tubular and / or channel-shaped; and / or d) serves to distribute, preferably in large volumes, the gas released from the respective degassing elements (12a). [6] Electrical energy storage device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the temperature control plate (16): a) comprising a side surface facing the degassing elements (12a) which has a heat-resistant material, preferably steel and / or mica; and / or b) is permeable to a temperature control medium, preferably liquid; and / or c) is arranged for temperature control of the recording room (14). [7] Electrical energy storage device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising: a housing (11), preferably frame-shaped, wherein the multiple battery cells (12), the receiving space (14), the temperature control plate (16) and / or the support plate (18) are arranged inside the housing (11). [8] Electrical energy storage device (10) according to claim 7, wherein: a) the recording space (14) is laterally limited by the housing (11); and / or b) the receiving space (14) extends over at least 50%, preferably at least 70%, particularly preferably at least 90% of the length of the housing (11) and / or c) the receiving space (14) extends over at least 50%, preferably at least 70%, particularly preferably at least 90% of the width of the housing (11). [9] Electrical energy storage device (10), according to claim 7 or 8, wherein: the housing (11) comprises a first housing section (11.1), preferably frame-shaped, and a second housing section (11.2), preferably frame-shaped, wherein the first and second housing sections are preferably stacked on top of each other. [10] Electrical energy storage device (10) according to claim 9, wherein: a) the support plate (18) separates the first housing section (11.1) and the second housing section (11.2) from each other; and / or b) the multiple battery cells (12) are arranged in the first housing section (11.1); and / or c) the receiving chamber (14) and the temperature control plate (16) are arranged in the second housing section (11.2). [11] Electrical energy storage device (10) according to any one of claims 7 to 10, wherein: the housing (11), preferably the second housing section (11.2), has an outlet valve (13) for removing the gas released from the respective degassing elements (12a) from the housing (11), wherein the outlet valve (13) is fluidically connected to the receiving chamber (14) via an outlet line (19), preferably running substantially vertically. [12] Electrical energy storage device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: the tempering plate (16) has a side surface facing away from the degassing elements (12a); and the electrical energy storage device (10) has at least one second battery cell (12') which is arranged on the side surface facing away from the degassing elements (12a) and which is preferably temperature-controlled by means of the temperature control plate (16). [13] Electrical energy storage device (10) according to claims 11 and 12, wherein: a) the outlet pipe (19) extends at least partially at the level of at least one second battery cell (12'); and / or b) the outlet line (19) runs laterally next to at least one second battery cell (12'); and / or c) the outlet pipe (19) is arranged above the multiple battery cells (12); and / or d) the outlet valve (13) is arranged at least sectionally at the level of at least one second battery cell (12'). [14] Electrical energy storage device (10) according to claim 12 or 13, wherein: the multiple battery cells (12) and the at least one second battery cell (12') are arranged in different positions; and / or the multiple battery cells (12) and the at least one second battery cell (12') are arranged offset with respect to a vertical axis (H) of the electrical energy storage device (10); and / or the temperature control plate (16), the support plate (18) and the receiving chamber (14) are arranged between the multiple battery cells (12) and the at least one second battery cell (12'). [15] Motor vehicle, preferably commercial vehicle, comprising an electrical energy storage device (10) according to any of the preceding claims.

Images