Tool segment, grinding tool, grinding tool assembly and grinding machine

Abstract

Tool segment (60, 160, 260, 360, 460, 560) for a grinding machine (10, 30) for surface processing of building materials, comprising: a base body (110, 210) with a front side (112, 212), a rear side (114, 214) facing away from the front side (112, 212) and a peripheral region (122, 222) extending between the front side (112, 212) and the rear side (114, 214), wherein the end face (112, 212) is equipped with at least one end face cutting element (140, 142; 240, 242; 340, 342; 440, 442; 540; 640), wherein the rear side (114, 214) has at least one fastening element (130, 230) for receiving on a base body (62, 92) of a grinding tool (20, 50), and wherein at least one peripheral side (124, 224, 324, 424, 524, 624) of the peripheral region (122, 222) is equipped with at least one peripheral side cutting element (150; 250, 252; 350, 352; 450; 550, 552; 650), characterized in that the base body (110, 210) has, on the at least one circumferential side (124, 424, 624) equipped with the circumferential side cutting element (150, 450, 650), a raised circumferential side web (154, 454, 654) in a cutting direction (132, 232, 332, 432, 532, 632) behind the at least one circumferential side cutting element (150, 450, 650), which serves as a spacer for limiting a penetration depth.

Description

The present disclosure relates to a tool segment for a grinding machine for surface machining of construction materials, to a grinding tool which can carry two or more such tool segments, and to a grinding machine having such a grinding tool.Tool segments and grinding tools within the meaning of the present disclosure serve for machining surfaces, usually for machining floors, walls and ceilings. The present disclosure is not intended to relate to tools and machines for metal working.Customary construction materials which are processed with grinding tools which are fitted with the tool segments mentioned at the beginning are plaster, gypsum, screed, synthetic resin coatings, plastics coatings, adhesive layers, paint layers, asphalt and the like. They are therefore relatively soft to medium-hard materials.EP 1 321 233 A1 discloses grinding tools for machining mineral surfaces such as stone or artificial stone floors, concrete or asphalt surfaces and similar materials, having a carrier plate which can be driven in rotation and at least one tool carrying element which is arranged on the carrier plate and is fitted with machining tools, wherein the machining tools consist of PCD elements which are accommodated and fastened in receiving pockets formed on the tool carrying element. PCD stands for polycrystalline diamond, a synthetically produced, hard cutting material with diamond particles embedded in a metal matrix.Similar tools are known from DE 10 2009 008 261 A1. Tools equipped with segments are also known from WO 2008 / 100210 A1, DE 72 27 449 U, EP 3 928 894 A1 and DE 299 11 352 U1.EP 3 713 709 A1 discloses an attachment for the abrasive or smoothing machining of walls or ceilings for a mobile handling device, which attachment is suitable for using grinding tools with tool segments for the above-described purposes. WO 2005 / 077599 A1 discloses an apparatus for processing hard soils by means of grinding or polishing.Tools equipped with PCD elements and similar hard material cutting elements can be used to process conventional soft to medium-hard construction materials such as the aforementioned materials with high removal performance. The cutting elements are usually substantially harder than the materials to be machined, so that a high feed rate (along the surface) is made possible.However, it has been found that such tools tend to dig into the construction materials to be processed under certain operating conditions, as a result of which a feed movement along the surface to be processed is made more difficult. This can lead to the tool diging deep and being stuck in place. At least, the machining takes place less uniformly than with reduced running smoothness of the grinding tool. Shocks and similar load spikes may occur.This can also occur especially when processing walls and ceilings. It should be noted here that during ground working, a relatively constant contact pressure is usually provided by the dead weight of the grinding machine. During the machining of walls or ceilings, however, the weight force regularly does not act in the direction of the surface to be machined, so that contact pressure and contact pressure must be applied via the grinding machine.This may possibly lead to a reduced running smoothness during machining, combined with a higher dynamic loading of tool, machine and machined surface and with losses in the machining result. Furthermore, the noise and vibration load during the machining may increase. This can also lead overall to increased wear in the grinding tool or grinding machine.For this reason, the present disclosure is based on the object of specifying a tool segment for a grinding tool for the surface processing of construction materials, which on the one hand is particularly efficient and enables high removal powers during the processing of soft to medium-hard construction materials. The tool segment is intended to enable machining with as smooth a run as possible with reduced jerk or shock loading. In particular, the tool should be less susceptible to undesired digging into the surface. The tool should also allow smooth, smooth machining with a possibly varying contact pressure, which results in a uniform machining result with a smooth surface.Finally, within the scope of the present disclosure, a grinding tool is to be specified which carries a plurality of such tool segments. A grinding machine using such grinding tools is also to be specified.According to a first aspect, the present disclosure relates to a tool segment for a grinding machine for surface machining of construction materials, comprising:a base body having a front face, a rear face facing away from the front face and a peripheral region which extends between the front face and the rear face, wherein the front face is equipped with at least one front face cutting element, wherein the rear face has at least one fastening element for receiving on a base body of a grinding tool, wherein at least one peripheral face of the peripheral region is equipped with at least one peripheral face cutting element, and wherein the base body has a raised peripheral face web on the at least one peripheral face equipped with the peripheral face cutting element behind the at least one peripheral face cutting element in a cutting direction, said raised peripheral face web serving as a spacer for limiting a penetration depth.The object of the disclosure is achieved in this way.The at least one hard material cutting element in the form of an end face cutting element on the circumferential side is laterally active, that is to say with its cutting edge extending laterally beyond the circumferential side. At least essential sections of the at least one hard material cutting element in the form of a circumferential side cutting element on the circumferential side are arranged behind the forehead from the point of view of the surface to be machined. The at least one circumferential side cutting element on the circumferential side leads overall to a more smooth machining. The machining is less rough. A grinding tool, which is equipped with a plurality of such tool segments and rotates these about a center, can penetrate with its front (axially) into the surface to be machined (feed movement). However, if the feed movement should be too large in terms of amount, the tool is imminent to be "buried.". This would make advancing movements (perpendicular to the feed movement or parallel to the end face) more difficult. The lateral teeth allow the grinding tool to be moved more smoothly along the surface to be machined (floor, wall or ceiling).In conventional tool segments, the main removal power is usually provided by the front-side cutting elements on the front side. This is now supplemented by the at least one circumferential side cutting element on the circumferential side, which also contributes to material removal. The at least one circumferential side cutting element on the circumferential side is also intended to ensure a smoother, smoother running of the grinding tool during machining. The at least one circumferential side cutting element on the circumferential side is intended to maintain the workability in the case of digging the grinding tool by lateral removal. In this way, overall, more smooth, less rough machining is made possible with a grinding tool which is equipped with a plurality of such tool segments.The tool segment usually has a polygonal basic shape. When considering the face (front side) that faces the workpiece (surface to be machined) during machining, the basic shape of the tool segment resembles, for example, a bicycle pedal (the side thereof that is contacted with the foot).The grinding tool serves in particular for processing construction materials. These are, for example, mineral and / or thermoplastic construction materials. This includes, for example, plaster, screed, plastic coatings, adhesives, paint, asphalt and the like. These materials are relatively soft to medium-hard, for example in comparison with cured concrete.The front and the rear side of the tool segment are oriented at least approximately parallel to one another. The end face is the side facing the workpiece. The rear side faces a base body of the grinding tool in the assembled state.The front and the circumferential region or its circumferential sides are oriented approximately perpendicular to one another. For manufacturing reasons, this can also include slight deviations from a strict 90° angle. By way of example, an angle of inclination between the forehead and the circumferential side is approximately 75° (degrees) to 105° (degrees).The at least one end face cutting element on the end and the at least one circumferential side cutting element on the circumferential side each have at least one cutting edge. By way of example, the cutting elements are designed as truncated cones (or truncated cone sections) or cylinders (or cylinder sections) partially embedded in the base body. Accordingly, in an exemplary embodiment, there is one cutting edge per cutting element corresponding to a circular arc or a similarly convexly curved curve.The forehead usually has a higher number of cutting elements than the circumferential side. For example, the base body has a height between the end side and the rear side, wherein the height defines the transverse extension of the circumferential region surrounding the base body. The height of the base body corresponds, for example, to less than 50% of a longitudinal extent of the base body (parallel to the cutting direction). In a further embodiment, the height of the base body corresponds to less than 40% of the longitudinal extent of the base body. In a further embodiment, the height of the base body corresponds to less than 30% of the longitudinal extension of the base body.The base body has a width extension perpendicular to its longitudinal extension, which makes up, for example, 60% to 110% of the longitudinal extension. In a further exemplary embodiment, the width extension comprises approximately 70-90% of the longitudinal extension. The longitudinal extension and the width extension approximately define the size (area) of the forehead and the rear side. It is understood that the tool segment can also have rounded edges in a substantially polygonal configuration (if not required for machining purposes) and further shape elements which deviate from an ideal polygon (quadrilateral, rectangle, square and the like).Usually, one or more rows of end face cutting elements are arranged on the end face, wherein the cutting elements are offset relative to one another purely along the cutting direction. Within a row, face cutting elements may be arranged strictly next to each other, so that the row is oriented substantially perpendicular to the cutting direction. However, a slight offset between adjacent end face cutting elements is also conceivable within a row; for example, the row is then slightly inclined with respect to a perpendicular to the cutting direction.Generally, the number of cutting elements on the forehead as well as the circumferential side is not excessively large. In an exemplary embodiment, the tool segment comprises one or two rows of face cutting elements on the face, each of which has two to five face cutting elements. In an exemplary embodiment of the tool segment, at most one or two cutting elements are arranged on a circumferential side.The base body of the tool segment is usually equipped with a plurality of cutting elements. The cutting elements are designed, for example, as PCD cutting elements, i.e. cutting elements with polycrystalline diamond particles. The connection to the base body is effected, for example, by soldering or by sintering. This is not to be understood as restrictive.Within the scope of the present disclosure, cutting elements on the end face of the tool segment can also be referred to as end face cutting elements. Within the scope of the present disclosure, cutting elements on a circumferential side of the tool segment can also be referred to as circumferential side cutting elements.According to an exemplary embodiment, the circumferential side equipped with the at least one circumferential side cutting element is facing away from a center of the base body in the equipped state. In other words, the circumferential side cutting element is therefore seated on the outside of the grinding tool which is equipped with the tool segment. In this way, the circumferential side cutting element can laterally remove material during a feed of the grinding tool. This simplifies the machining if the grinding tool has already penetrated into the workpiece.According to a further exemplary embodiment, the base body has an at least approximately rectangular or quadrangular plan view, wherein at least one side of the plan view is convexly curved, and wherein the populated circumferential side is arranged on the convexly curved side of the plan view. In this way, it is ensured that the circumferential side cutting element protrudes on the circumference of the grinding tool during machining and can remove material there. The at least approximately rectangular or quadrangular configuration of the ground plan does not exclude that roundings, demolding slopes and the like are present. By way of example, the plan view is similar to the plan view of a bicycle pedal.According to a further exemplary embodiment, a first circumferential side and a second circumferential side facing away from the first circumferential side are each equipped with at least one circumferential side cutting element, wherein the first circumferential side in the equipped state faces away from a center of the base body, and wherein the second circumferential side in the equipped state faces a center of the base body. In this way, account is taken of the fact that a ring is milled into the surface during a rotation of the grinding tool and an exclusively axial feed.This applies, for example, to grinding tools which rotate about a center during machining, but in which there is no superimposed movement (compare planetary movement in grinding tool assemblies with a plurality of grinding tools). The grinding tools are usually disk-shaped or ring-shaped and are equipped with tool segments on their circumference in a ring section. However, the grinding tools are usually not completely fitted with tool segments over their radius. This has the consequence that in the case of a pure feed movement (axial movement of the grinding tool in the direction of the workpiece) an annular recess is produced on the workpiece. Then, when the tool has already diged into the workpiece, peripheral side cutting elements directed inwardly toward the center and outwardly away from the center contribute to the feed movement being able to take place easily.According to a further exemplary embodiment, the at least one circumferential side cutting element and the at least one end side cutting element are oriented identically with respect to a cutting direction. In other words, by way of example, a cutting edge of the circumferential-side cutting elements and a cutting edge of the end-side cutting elements are oriented substantially perpendicularly to the cutting direction. This does not alter anything from the peripheral side cutting elements and the end side cutting elements being arranged on different surfaces on the tool segment.Within the scope of the present disclosure, the cutting direction is at least approximately parallel to a tangent to the circumference of a grinding tool equipped with a tool segment according to the disclosure.According to a further exemplary embodiment, the base body has on its front, behind the at least one front-side cutting element in a cutting direction, a raised front-side web which serves as a spacer for limiting a penetration depth. The end face web can also be referred to as a buffer element. The raised configuration comprises, for example, an outwardly curved shape, wherein the end face web has, for example, a convexly shaped cross section. The raised end face web can likewise contribute to an increase in the smoothness of running during the machining. Furthermore, the end face web can protect the end face cutting elements from excessive wear and / or fractures.According to a further exemplary embodiment, the end face web has a longitudinal extent along the end face which is approximately perpendicular to the cutting direction. In the context of the present disclosure, a face side web is a web which extends along the face side. In the case of one or more rows of end face cutting elements on the end face of the tool segment, the at least one end face web can be oriented approximately parallel to the respective rows.According to a further exemplary embodiment, a first end face web and a second end face web are formed on the end face, which are arranged one behind the other in the cutting direction, and wherein a single row of end face cutting elements is arranged in particular on the end face in the cutting direction in front of the first end face web and the second end face web. The row of end face cutting elements comprises, for example, two to five end face cutting elements which are arranged next to one another.On the at least one circumferential side equipped with the cutting element, the main body has, behind the at least one cutting element in a cutting direction, a raised circumferential side web which serves as a spacer for limiting a penetration depth. In this way, the machining can be more uniform and smooth. In the present disclosure, a land on a circumferential side is referred to as a circumferential side land. Similar to the front side web, the circumferential side web can also have an outwardly curved configuration, for example a convex cross section.According to a further exemplary embodiment, the circumferential side web has a longitudinal extent along the circumferential side which is approximately perpendicular to the cutting direction. The longitudinal extension of the circumferential side web is oriented approximately perpendicular to the forehead. In an exemplary configuration, the circumferential side web extends along the circumferential side approximately between the rear side and the forehead. The longitudinal extension of the circumferential side web can correspond to the height of the base body.According to a further exemplary embodiment, the at least one circumferential side is equipped with two or more circumferential side cutting elements, wherein the two or more circumferential side cutting elements are offset from one another in the cutting direction one behind the other and at least partially in a height direction perpendicular to the forehead. In an exemplary embodiment, the (imaginary) diameter of a circumferential side cutting element corresponds to approximately 50% to 100% of the height of the base body. In an exemplary embodiment, the (imaginary) diameter of a circumferential side cutting element corresponds to approximately 60-90% of the height of the base body. The use of two circumferential side cutting elements arranged one behind the other in the cutting direction, which are optionally slightly offset with respect to one another (in the height extension), ensures overall a greater "working width" on the circumferential side.In an exemplary embodiment, similar cutting elements with the same (imaginary) diameter are used both for the forehead and for the at least one circumferential side. In this way, the production of the cutting elements can be made uniform.According to a further aspect, the present disclosure relates to a grinding tool having a base body which is rotatable about a center (axis of rotation) and is of annular or disc-shaped configuration and has at least two or more receptacles distributed over the base body, wherein the grinding tool is equipped with at least one tool segment according to at least one of the configurations described herein, which is seated in one of the receptacles. By way of example, a plurality of tool segments are provided, which are distributed along a circle around the center of the grinding tool. The grinding tool can also be referred to as a grinding disk. The use of tool segments for mounting the grinding tool has the advantage that application-related, specific tool segments can be used.According to an exemplary embodiment of the grinding tool, three or more receptacles are distributed over the base body, each of which carries a tool segment, wherein the peripheral side of the tool segments, each equipped with at least one peripheral side cutting element, is facing away from a center of the base body and in particular projects radially beyond a periphery of the base body.In this way, the grinding tool can also act laterally (radially) on a workpiece to be machined (floor, wall or ceiling). Undesirable digging and jamming of the grinding tool is effectively prevented.According to a further aspect, the present disclosure relates to a grinding tool assembly having a carrier rotatable about a global rotation center and having two or more grinding tools according to at least one of the configurations described herein, wherein the axes of rotation of the two or more grinding tools are fixed relative to one another and are received on the rotatable carrier distributed about the global rotation center. The grinding tool assembly can also be described as a multi-disk grinding tool. In other words, there are thus a plurality of disk-shaped grinding tools, which are each rotatable about their center, wherein the entirety of the grinding tools is rotatable about a common rotation center. In other words, the movement of the individual grinding tools resembles a planetary movement.The individual grinding tools move along a (circular) orbit around a global rotation center and rotate on themselves. In this way, a high removal power can be generated. In such a configuration, it is also advantageous to provide the tool segments with a circumferential-side cutting element at least on their outer circumferential side.According to a further aspect, the present disclosure relates to a grinding machine for the surface processing of construction materials, in particular for the processing of floors, walls and / or ceilings, having a grinding tool which is equipped with at least one tool segment according to at least one of the configurations described herein. Machines of the generic type are usually referred to as grinding machines. This is expressly not in contradiction to the convention customary in metal working, namely that grinding is machining with a geometrically undefined cutting edge. In the field of construction machines, grinding machines are nevertheless referred to, even if the tool segments are equipped with individual cutting elements (with geometrically defined cutting edges).According to an exemplary embodiment, the grinding machine is designed as an attachment for receiving on a mobile working machine, in particular on a boom of a mobile working device or an excavator. This design has the advantage that walls and ceilings can also be machined with the grinding machine, because the mobile working machine can not only hold the dead weight of the grinding machine, but can also apply necessary pressing forces and advancing forces. It is understood that the grinding machine can alternatively also be designed as a conventional ground-guided grinding tool. With tool segments according to the disclosure, the machining of surfaces made of relatively soft construction materials is simplified in particular.It is understood that the features mentioned above and those still to be explained below can be used not only in the respectively specified combination, but also in other combinations or alone, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.Further features and advantages of the disclosure will become apparent from the following description and explanation of a plurality of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings. The following are shown: FIG. 1 : a perspective front view of an embodiment of a grinding machine for ground machining; FIG. 2 : a perspective view of an embodiment of a grinding machine which can be coupled to a mobile working machine for machining floors, walls or ceilings; FIG. 3 is a front schematic view of a grinding tool equipped with a plurality of tool segments; FIG. 4 is a front schematic view of a grinding tool assembly including a plurality of grinding tools equipped with a plurality of tool segments; FIGS. 5-7 are three views of an embodiment of a tool segment equipped with cutting elements and having a lateral cutting element; FIGS. 8-10 are three views of another embodiment of a tool segment having two lateral cutting elements; FIG. 11 : a front view of a further embodiment of a tool segment which is equipped with at least one cutting element on two circumferential sides; FIG. 12 : a front view of a further embodiment of a tool segment which is equipped with at least one cutting element on two circumferential sides; FIG. 13 : a front view of a further embodiment of a tool segment which is equipped with at least one cutting element on two circumferential sides; FIG. 14 : a front view of a further embodiment of a tool segment which is equipped with at least one cutting element on two circumferential sides; FIG. 15 : a mobile working machine designed as a remotely controllable working device; and FIG. 16 : shows a mobile working machine designed as an excavator.FIG. 1 shows a perspective illustration of a grinding machine denoted overall by 10. The grinding machine 10 is shown in FIG. 1 with the handle folded in, i.e. not in an operating position. The grinding machine 10 comprises a chassis 12 which carries a drive 14 for driving a grinding tool 20 surrounded by a protective cover 16. The grinding machine 10 according to FIG. 1 is suitable in particular for ground working. The dead weight of the grinding machine 10 presses the grinding tool 20 against the ground.FIG. 2 illustrates a further embodiment of a grinding machine denoted overall by 30. The grinding machine 30 is designed as an attachment 32, which has a coupling unit 34 for fastening to a mobile working machine. The grinding machine 30 is inoperative in its own position (without a support machine). The grinding machine 30 has a drive head 36, which is designed as a hydraulic drive, for example. Furthermore, an articulated suspension 38 is provided for the drive head 36. A pretensioning unit 40 is provided to ensure the required contact pressure. The drive head 36 comprises a protective cover which, in the exemplary embodiment, comprises a grinding tool assembly 48 with a plurality of grinding tools 50. For a more detailed configuration of the grinding machine 30 illustrated with reference to FIG. 2, reference is made to the aforementioned EP 3 713 709 A1, which discloses such an attachment for abrasive or smoothing machining.The grinding machine 10 according to FIG. 1 has a single disk-shaped grinding tool 20. The grinding machine 30 according to FIG. 2 has three grinding tools 50, which form a grinding tool assembly 48. This assignment is not obligatory. It is understood that ground-guided grinding machines 10 with a grinding tool assembly with a plurality of grinding tools are also conceivable. Grinding machines 30 designed as attachments 32 are equally conceivable, which are equipped with single-disc grinding tools.FIG. 3 illustrates, on the basis of a frontal view, an exemplary configuration of a grinding tool 20 which is suitable for use in the grinding machine 10 according to FIG. 1 and, if appropriate, also for use in the grinding machine 30 according to FIG. 2.The grinding tool 20 is equipped with a plurality of tool segments 60. The grinding tool 20 is seated (as viewed from the surface to be machined) within a protective cover 16. The grinding tool 20 comprises a base body 62 which is rotatable about a center 64 which defines an axis of rotation. The tool segments 60 thus rotate along a circular path about the center 64. The grinding tool 20 is configured as a whole in the form of a disk.The base body 62 comprises a plurality of receptacles 68 for receiving a respective tool segment 60. The remaining receptacles 68 are each covered by a tool segment 60. Overall, the grinding tool 20 in the exemplary embodiment is designed to accommodate six tool segments 60, with six mounts 68 also being provided. An offset angle between the receptacles 68 is 60° in the exemplary embodiment. In exemplary embodiments, the grinding tool 20 is configured to receive three to eight tool segments 60. In the exemplary embodiment, a securing ring 70 serves to secure the tool segments 60 within the receptacles 68, which securing ring has a plurality of cam tracks assigned to the respective receptacles 68, which securing the tool segments 60 in the receptacles 68 in a positive-locking (and optionally non-positive-locking) manner.FIG. 4 illustrates, in a front view, an exemplary configuration of a grinding tool assembly 48 with grinding tools 50 suitable for use with the grinding machine 30 according to FIG. 2 and optionally also for use with the grinding machine 10 according to FIG. 1.The grinding tool assembly 48 comprises a carrier 80 (only shown symbolically in FIG. 4 ) which is rotatable about a global rotation center 82, compare an arrow denoted by 84 for illustrating the (global) rotation of the carrier 80. In the exemplary embodiment, three grinding tools 50 are received on the carrier 80, each offset by 120° with respect to one another with respect to the global rotation center 82. The grinding tools 50 are each disk-shaped.Each of the grinding tools 50 is designed to receive a plurality of tool segments 60. The grinding tools 50 have a base body 92 which is rotatable about a center 94 which defines an axis of rotation, compare also the arrow denoted by 96 for illustrating the (local) rotational movement. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4, three tool segments 60 are fastened in each case to corresponding receptacles (concealed by the tool segments 60) in the base body 92. An offset angle between the tool segments 60 is 120° in each case in the exemplary embodiment. For securing the position, a securing ring 100 is again provided, which secures the tool segments 60 on / in the base body 92 in a positive-locking and / or non-positive-locking manner.With reference to FIGS. 5-14, various exemplary embodiments of tool segments according to the disclosure are illustrated and explained in more detail.FIGS. 5-7 illustrate a tool segment designated by 60 in three views. The tool segment 60 has a base body 110 which is approximately rectangular, wherein at least the corners can be rounded and individual flanks can be curved. A side of the base body 110 facing the surface to be machined is referred to as a forehead 112. A side facing away from the front 112, which side faces a respective base body 62, 92 of the grinding tool 20, 50 (compare FIGS. 3 and 4 ), is referred to as the rear side 114, compare FIG. 6 In particular in a frontal view, compare FIG. 7, the approximately rectangular plan view 120 is shown, the shape of which in the exemplary embodiment resembles a bicycle pedal.A peripheral region 122 extends between the front 112 and the rear side 114. The perimeter area 122 follows the silhouette of the ground plan 120. The height of the tool segment 60 between the end 112 and the rear side 114 is smaller than the longitudinal extension and transverse extension in the plan view according to FIG. 7.In the given configuration of the plan view 120, the circumferential region 122 comprises four circumferential sides, of which the circumferential side 124 is marked in FIGS. 5 and 7. A fastening element 130 is formed on the rear side 114 (compare FIG. 6 ), which in the exemplary embodiment is configured as an undercut fastening web and is formed as a component of a dovetail guide for receiving in one of the receptacles 68 of the base bodies 62, 92 (compare also FIGS. 3 and 4 ). The fastening element 130 is oriented toward the center in the assembled state of the tool segment 60 and slightly tapered in the direction of the center. The fastening element 130 can at least partially engage in a form-fitting manner into the receptacle 68 and be secured there.FIG. 7 further illustrates a cutting direction with the aid of an arrow denoted by 132 and a (radial) direction to a center with the aid of an arrow denoted by 134 (compare the center 64 according to FIG. 3 and the center 94 according to FIG. 4 ). This results in the orientation of the tool segment 60 in the mounted state on the grinding tool 20, 50. Within the scope of the present disclosure, the arrow 134 or the direction associated therewith to the center 94 is opposite to an imaginary (at least instantaneous) working direction in which the entire grinding tool 20, 50 is usually moved radially (away from the center 94) in order to remove material. It is understood that the respective tool segment 60 rotates about the center 94 during this.On the forehead 112, a plurality of cutting elements 140, 142 raised relative to a base surface of the forehead 112 are arranged. In the exemplary embodiment, it is a first row of cutting elements 140 and a second row of cutting elements 142. The two rows are arranged one behind the other in the cutting direction 132 and are slightly offset with respect to one another with respect to the radial direction 134.Behind the cutting elements 140, 142 in the cutting direction 132, a web 144 is formed on the end 112. In the exemplary embodiment, the web 144 is designed as a cylinder partially recessed into the end 112. During machining, the web 144 serves as a spacer or as a buffer element for the cutting elements 140, 142.However, the tool segment 60 is equipped with a cutting element 150 not only on its front 112 but also on the radially outwardly oriented circumferential side 124. The cutting element 150 is oriented in the cutting direction 132 in the same way as the cutting elements 140, 142.In the exemplary embodiment, the cutting elements 140, 142, 150 are each designed as truncated cones (or truncated cone sections) or cylinders (or cylinder sections), which are partially countersunk in the base body 110. A corresponding circular surface of the contour is oriented in the cutting direction 132, wherein an arc of the contour forms the cutting edge. In the exemplary embodiment, the cutting elements 140, 142, 150 are designed as PCD cutting elements.Behind the cutting element 150 there is a web 154 on the circumferential side 122, which, similar to the web 144, is designed as a cylinder partially embedded in the main body 110. The web 154 acts as a spacer for the cutting element 150.The cutting element 150 can engage laterally in the material to be removed during operation of the grinding tool 20, 50. This prevents the grinding tool 20, 50 from being buried and stuck and allows more uniform machining overall. This can firstly entail better machining quality and secondly reduce the wear of the tool and machine.FIGS. 8-10 illustrate a tool segment designated by 160 in three views. The tool segment 160 is at least similar to the tool segment 60 of FIGS. 5-7. The tool segment 160 has a base body 210 which extends between a face 212 and a rear side 214. The plan view 220 (FIG. 10 ) is similar to the plan view 120 of the tool segment 60 according to FIG. 7. a circumferential region 222 extends between the rear side 214 and the end face 212. A side of the circumferential region 222 facing away from the respective center 64, 94 of the grinding tool 20, 50 in the assembled state is denoted by 224.A raised fastener 230 is formed on the back 214, see FIG. 9. An arrow 234 indicates a radial direction toward the respective center 64, 94 of the grinding tool 20, 50.On the end face 212, the tool segment 160 is equipped with cutting elements 240, 242, which in the exemplary embodiment form two rows arranged one behind the other and offset from one another. Behind the cutting elements 240, 242, a web 244 is formed.In the exemplary embodiment, a first cutting element 250 and a second cutting element 252 are arranged on the circumferential side 224. The second cutting element 252 is arranged behind the first cutting element 250 in the cutting direction 232. It can be seen from FIGS. 8 and 9 that a slight height offset (perpendicular to the flat extension of the end 212) is also present between the cutting elements 250, 252. In this way, the height of the circumferential side 224 can be well covered or exploited.FIGS. 11 to 14 illustrate further embodiments of tool segments 260, 360, 460, 560 on the basis of plan views. A view of the forehead of the tool segments 260, 360, 460, 560 is shown in each case. With regard to further views and related shape features, reference is made to the tool segments 60, 160 already illustrated in connection with FIGS. 5-10. An identical, at least similar configuration can be present in each case, so that repetitions are dispensed with.FIG. 11 illustrates a tool segment 260 that is similar in shape to the tool segment 160 of FIGS. 8-10. The orientation of the tool segment 260 is given by arrows 332 for the cutting direction and 334 for the (radial) direction to the center of the respective grinding tool. Similar to the tool segment 160, a face-side fitting with cutting elements 340, 342 and a web 344 and a lateral fitting on the circumferential side 324 with a first cutting element 350 and a second cutting element 352 are provided. The cutting elements 350, 352 may be slightly offset relative to each other (perpendicular to the plane of view).In addition, however, a further cutting element 356 is provided on a circumferential side 326 facing away from the circumferential side 324. In the fitted state, the circumferential side 326 faces the center, compare the arrow 334. Basically, the cutting element 356 is shaped and oriented similar to the cutting elements 350, 352. During machining, the cutting element 356 is oriented just not outward, but inward toward the center. In this way, account is taken of the fact that, in the case of a buried tool, an annular cutout is usually produced, material also remaining stationary within the annular cutout. If the tool is then to be moved laterally along the surface to be machined, the inwardly oriented cutting element 356 may help remove the material in the center.FIG. 12 illustrates a tool segment 360 that is shaped very similar to the tool segment 260 of FIG. 11. The orientation of the tool segment 360 is given by arrows 432 for the cutting direction and 434 for the (radial) direction to the center of the respective grinding tool. Similar to the tool segment 360, a face-side fitting with cutting elements 440, 442 and a web 444 is provided. On a circumferential side 424 facing away from the center, a cutting element 450 and a web 454 are formed. On a circumferential side 426 facing the center, a cutting element 356 is formed. In other words, the configuration of the circumferential side 424 is similar to that of the circumferential side 124 of the tool segment 60, whereas the configuration of the circumferential side 426 is similar to that of the circumferential side 326 of the tool segment 260.FIG. 13 illustrates a tool segment 460 that is shaped very similar to the tool segment 260 of FIG. 11. The orientation of the tool segment 460 is given by arrows 532 for the cutting direction and 534 for the (radial) direction to the center of the respective grinding tool. Similar to the tool segment 260, a fitting with cutting elements 550, 552 on a circumferential side 524 facing away from the center and with a cutting element 556 on a circumferential side 526 facing the center is provided. The front-side fitting of the tool segment 460 has a (single) row of cutting elements 540 in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 13. Behind the cutting elements 540 in the cutting direction 532, two webs 544, 546 are provided. In this way, an even better running smoothness can be achieved, wherein the face-side removal performance possibly decreases somewhat.FIG. 14 illustrates a tool segment 560 that is similar in shape to the tool segment 460 of FIG. 13. The orientation of the tool segment 560 is given by arrows 632 for the cutting direction and 634 for the (radial) direction at the center of the respective grinding tool. Similar to the tool segment 460, the tool segment 560 also has a face-side fitting with a (single) row of cutting elements 640 and two webs 644, 646. Furthermore, the circumferential side 624 facing away from the center has a fitting with a cutting element 650 and a web 654 which is arranged behind the cutting element 650 in the cutting direction 632. Finally, the circumferential side 626 facing the center also has a fitting with a cutting element 656 and a web 658, which is arranged behind the cutting element 656 in the cutting direction 632.FIG. 15 illustrates a mobile work machine configured as a mobile work device 700. The mobile working device 700 is designed to receive a grinding machine 30 and is equipped with such a grinding machine 30 in FIG. 15. In this regard, compare also the illustration of the grinding machine 30 in FIG. 2 : The mobile working device 700 can be remotely controlled. The mobile working device 700 comprises a chassis 702 carrying a superstructure 704. A boom 706 is pivotably received on the superstructure 704. At an end of the extension arm 706 facing away from the structure 704, a receptacle 710 is formed, to which the coupling unit 34 (compare FIG. 2 ) of the grinding machine 30 can be coupled.FIG. 16 illustrates a mobile work machine configured as an excavator 800. The excavator 800 includes a chassis 802 that supports a structure 804. The structure 804 houses controls for a driver / operator. A boom 806 is hingedly mounted to the structure 804. At an end of the extension arm 806 facing away from the structure 804, a receptacle 810 is formed, to which the coupling unit 34 (compare FIG. 2 ) of the grinding machine 30 can be coupled.

Claims

A tool segment (60, 160, 260, 360, 460, 560) for a grinding machine (10, 30) for surface processing of construction materials, comprising: a base body (110, 210) having a front face (112, 212), a rear face (114, 214) facing away from the front face (112, 212), and a circumferential region (122, 222) extending between the front face (112, 212) and the rear face (114, 214), wherein the front face (112, 212) has at least one front face cutting element (140, 142; 240, 242; 340, 342; 440, 442; 540; 640), wherein the rear side (114, 214) has at least one fastening element (130, 230) for receiving on a base body (62, 92) of a grinding tool (20, 50), and wherein at least one circumferential side (124, 224, 324, 424, 524, 624) of the circumferential region (122, 222) is equipped with at least one circumferential side cutting element (150; 250, 252; 350, 352; 450; 550, 552; 650), characterized in that the base body (110, 210) has, on the at least one circumferential side (124, 424, 624) equipped with the circumferential side cutting element (150, 450, 650), behind the at least one circumferential side cutting element (150, 450, 650) in a cutting direction (132, 232, 332, 432, 532, 632), a raised circumferential side web (154, 454, 654) which serves as a spacer for limiting a penetration depth.Tool segment (60, 160, 260, 360, 460, 560) according to Claim 1, wherein the circumferential side (124, 224, 324, 424, 524, 624) fitted with the at least one circumferential-side cutting element (150; 250, 252; 350, 352; 450; 550, 552; 650) is facing away from a center (64, 94) of the base body (62, 92) in the fitted state.Tool segment (60, 160, 260, 360, 460, 560) according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the base body (110, 210) has an at least approximately rectangular or quadrangular planform (120, 220), wherein at least one side of the planform (120, 220) is convexly arched, and wherein the populated circumferential side (124, 224, 324, 424, 524, 624) is arranged on the convexly arched side of the planform (120, 220).Tool segment (60, 160, 260, 360, 460, 560) according to one of Claims 1-3, wherein a first circumferential side (324, 424, 524, 624) and a second circumferential side (326, 426, 526, 626) facing away from the first circumferential side (324, 424, 524, 624) are fitted with in each case at least one circumferential-side cutting element (350, 352, 356; 450, 456; 550, 552, 556; 650, 656), wherein the first circumferential side (324, 424, 524, 624) in the fitted state faces away from a center (64) of the base body (62, 92), and wherein the second circumferential side (326, 426, 526, 626) in the fitted state faces a center (64, 94) of the base body (62, 92).The tool segment (60, 160, 260, 360, 460, 560) according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the at least one circumferential side cutting element (150; 250, 252; 350, 352; 450; 550, 552; 650) and the at least one end side cutting element (140, 142; 240, 242; 340, 342; 440, 442; 540; 640) are oriented identically with respect to a cutting direction (132, 232, 332, 432, 532, 632).Tool segment (60, 160, 260, 360, 460, 560) according to one of Claims 1-5, wherein the base body (110, 210) has, on its end face (112, 212), behind the at least one end-face cutting element (140, 142; 240, 242; 340, 342; 440, 442; 540; 640) in a cutting direction (132, 232, 332, 432, 532, 632), a raised end-face web (144; 244; 344; 444; 544, 546; 644, 646) which serves as a spacer for limiting a penetration depth.The tool segment (60, 160, 260, 360, 460, 560) of claim 6, wherein the face web (144; 244; 344; 444; 544, 546; 644, 646) has a longitudinal extent along the face (112, 212) that is perpendicular to the cutting direction (132, 232, 332, 432, 532, 632).Tool segment (60, 160, 260, 360, 460, 560) according to Claim 6 or 7, wherein a first end face web (544, 644) and a second end face web (546, 646) are formed on the end face (112, 212), said first end face webs being arranged one behind the other in the cutting direction (132, 232, 332, 432, 532, 632), wherein a single row of end face cutting elements (540, 640) is arranged in particular on the end face (112, 212) in front of the first end face web (544, 644) and the second end face web (546, 646) in the cutting direction (132, 232, 332, 432, 532, 632).Tool segment (60, 160, 260, 360, 460, 560) according to one of Claims 1-8, wherein the circumferential-side web (154, 454, 654) has a longitudinal extent along the circumferential side (124, 424, 624) which is perpendicular to the cutting direction (132, 232, 332, 432, 532, 632).The tool segment (60, 160, 260, 360, 460, 560) according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the at least one circumferential side (224, 324, 524) is equipped with two or more circumferential side cutting elements (250, 252; 350, 352; 550, 552), wherein the two or more circumferential side cutting elements (250, 252; 350, 352; 550, 552) are offset from each other in the cutting direction (132, 232, 332, 432, 532, 632) one behind the other and at least partially in a height direction perpendicular to the forehead (112, 212).Grinding tool (20, 50) having a base body (62, 92) which can rotate about a center (64, 94) and is of annular or disc-shaped design and has at least two or more receptacles (68) distributed over the base body (62, 92), and having at least one tool segment (60, 160, 260, 360, 460, 560) according to one of Claims 1 - 10 which is seated in one of the receptacles (68).Grinding tool (20, 50) according to Claim 11, wherein three or more receptacles (68) are distributed over the base body (62, 92) and each carry a tool segment (60, 160, 260, 360, 460, 560), and wherein the peripheral side (124, 224, 324, 424, 524, 624) of the tool segments (60, 160, 260, 360, 460, 560), each equipped with at least one peripheral side cutting element (150; 250, 252; 350, 352; 450; 550, 552; 650), is remote from a center (64, 94) of the base body (62, 92) and, in particular, protrudes radially beyond a periphery of the base body (62, 92).Grinding tool assembly (48) with a support (80) rotatable about a global rotation center (82) and with two or more grinding tools (50) according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the axes of rotation of the two or more grinding tools (50) are fixed relative to one another and are accommodated on the rotatable support (80) distributed about the global rotation center (82).Grinding machine (10, 30) for the surface treatment of construction materials, in particular for the treatment of floors, walls and / or ceilings, having a grinding tool (20, 50) which is equipped with at least one tool segment (60, 160, 260, 360, 460, 560) according to one of Claims 1-10.The grinding machine (30) according to claim 14, wherein the grinding machine (30) is designed as an attachment for receiving (32) on a mobile working machine (700, 800), in particular on a boom (706, 806) of a mobile working device (700) or an excavator (800).

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