Method for operating a temperature control device and device for operating the temperature control device

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for operating a temperature control device (T) of an electrical energy storage device (1) of a vehicle (2), wherein a refrigerant circuit (KK) of a vehicle air conditioning system for temperature control of a vehicle cabin (2.1) is thermally coupled to a temperature control circuit (TK) for temperature control of the electrical energy storage device (1) by means of a refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger (3).According to the invention, if it is detected on the vehicle side based on a predetermined navigation destination and / or based on satellite-based positioning data that the vehicle (2) is approaching a rapid charging station for charging the electrical energy storage device (1) or that the vehicle (2) is in the immediate vicinity of a rapid charging station and an outside temperature is above a predetermined temperature value, a refrigerant compressor (4) provided in the refrigerant circuit (KK) for conveying a refrigerant, a conveying unit (5) provided in the temperature control circuit (TK) for conveying a coolant and the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger (3) remain and / or are activated for a predetermined period of time. The invention further relates to a device for operating the temperature control device (T).

Description

The invention relates to a method for operating a temperature control device of an electrical energy store of a vehicle, wherein a refrigerant circuit of a vehicle air conditioning system for temperature control of a vehicle cabin is thermally coupled to a temperature control circuit for temperature control of the electrical energy store by means of a refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger. The invention further relates to a device for operating the temperature control device.DE 10 2007 002 413 A1 discloses a method for controlling an air conditioning system for the static air conditioning of a motor vehicle and air conditioning system. The air conditioner includes a fuel cell system for operating a refrigeration cycle. The method provides that the air conditioning system is optionally switched off when a switch-off condition is reached or automatically switched off a predefined time period after the switch-off condition is reached.The object of the invention is to specify a method for operating a temperature control device and a device for operating the temperature control device.The object is achieved according to the invention by a method which has the features specified in claim 1 and by a device which has the features specified in claim 7.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject matter of the dependent claims.A method for operating a temperature control device of an electrical energy store of a vehicle, wherein a refrigerant circuit of a vehicle air conditioning system for temperature control of a vehicle cabin is thermally coupled to a temperature control circuit for temperature control of the electrical energy store by means of a refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger, provides that, if it is detected on the vehicle side on the basis of a predefined navigation destination and / or on the basis of position determination data acquired with satellite assistance, that the vehicle starts a fast charging column for charging the electrical energy store or the vehicle is located in the immediate vicinity of a fast charging column and an external temperature is above a predefined temperature value, a refrigerant compressor provided in the refrigerant circuit for conveying a refrigerant, a conveying unit provided in the temperature control circuit for conveying a coolant and the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger remain activated and / or are activated for a predefined period of time.By using the method, it is possible that a charging power of the quick charging column, due to the fact that cooling of the electrical energy store is provided comparatively early, decreases only slightly, for example, due to a temperature of the electrical energy store, so that a charging time for charging the electrical energy store at the quick charging column can be optimized. For example, due to the earlier provision of the cooling, a charging time gain can be achieved.In one embodiment, the refrigerant compressor, the delivery unit and the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger remain activated for a predefined period of time after a drive unit of the vehicle has been switched off, so that the electrical energy store is cooled, in particular if it is determined that the vehicle is located in the immediate vicinity of a quick-charging column.In one embodiment of the method, it is determined whether a charging power of a fast charging column controlled by the vehicle is above a predefined charging power value. In particular, the refrigerant compressor provided in the refrigerant circuit for conveying the refrigerant, the conveying unit provided in the temperature control circuit for conveying the refrigerant, and the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger remain and / or are activated for the predefined period of time if the charging power exceeds the predefined charging power value, that is to say the charging power is correspondingly high and therefore non-steady heating of the electrical energy store is foreseeable.In a further embodiment, when the vehicle is connected to the quick-charging column and when the predefined temperature value is exceeded, the refrigerant compressor remains activated after the predefined time period has elapsed and the electrical energy store is temperature-controlled by means of the coolant conveyed through the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger by means of the conveying unit. The electrical energy store is thus cooled, in particular in order to avoid the charging power being significantly reduced, with the result that the charging time until a desired charge level is reached can be optimized.In one possible embodiment of the method, if the connection between the vehicle and the quick-charging column is disconnected, a further navigation destination for the vehicle is predefined and a momentary temperature of the electrical energy store exceeds a predefined threshold value, the electrical energy store continues to be cooled refrigerant compressor, the activated delivery unit and the activated refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger on the basis of the external temperature after charging the electrical energy store. As a result, comfort, in particular with respect to a temperature in the vehicle cabin, after charging of the electrical energy store, can be improved, for example. This means that the vehicle air conditioning system is already conditioned, so that a usual inertia, in particular with respect to a starting or regulating behavior of the vehicle air conditioning system, can be overcome.In one embodiment, the cooling of the electrical energy store takes place after the charging of the electrical energy store for a further predefined period of time by means of the activated refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger, so that, by continuing operation of the refrigerant circuit, the vehicle cabin comfort after a vehicle user enters the vehicle can be increased.The invention further relates to a device for operating a temperature control device of an electrical energy store of a vehicle, wherein a refrigerant circuit of a vehicle air conditioning system for controlling the temperature of a vehicle cabin is thermally coupled to a temperature control circuit for controlling the temperature of the electrical energy store. According to the invention, it is provided that a control unit is formed,determining, on the basis of a predefined navigation destination and / or on the basis of position determination data acquired with satellite assistance, that the vehicle is approaching a fast charging column for charging the electrical energy store or that the vehicle is in the immediate vicinity of a fast charging column,determining whether an external temperature is above a predefined temperature value and a drive unit of the vehicle is deactivated,activating a refrigerant compressor and a refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger for a predefined time duration.By means of a device configured in this way, it is possible to provide cooling of the electrical energy store with respect to a charging process at a fast charging column at an external temperature exceeding the predefined temperature value comparatively early, for example already before reaching the fast charging column, in order to optimize a charging time for charging the electrical energy store. Moreover, by means of the device, the vehicle cabin comfort can be increased with respect to a temperature that is pleasant for the vehicle user.Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to a drawing.The following shows: FIG. 1 schematically shows a temperature control device of an electrical energy store of a vehicle.The single FIGURE shows a temperature control device T of an electrical energy store 1 of a vehicle 2 which is shown in a greatly simplified manner by means of a dashed line and which is in particular an electric vehicle.In general, it is known that certain cell technologies with respect to the electrical energy store 1 and vehicle high-voltage systems of electric vehicles are designed such that very high DC charging powers are possible.High charging powers cause greater thermal losses, as a result of which the electrical energy store 1 heats up. This heating of the energy store 1 is thereby critically dependent on a cooling concept and a cooling capacity present on the system side, that is to say on a cooling capacity of the temperature control device T.A charging curve specific to the vehicle 2 is represented as follows depending on the cell technology of the energy store 1: a maximum charging power during a charging process is achieved in the range of a low state of charge of the energy store 1 and a well-being temperature of the energy store 1. This means that a highest charging power is to be expected during rapid charging of the energy store 1 immediately after a start of charging. Accordingly, a comparatively high power loss and non-steady state of the electrical energy store 1 at the start of charging is also to be expected. If, in such a case, not sufficient cooling power is provided by the temperature control device T, the energy store 1 heats up either until a thermal equilibrium is reached or until the charging power is reduced. In a comparatively simple cooling concept with respect to the energy store 1, this circumstance leads almost always to a reduced charging power, in particular at high external temperatures, as a result of which the charging time increases. The reduced charging capacity at high external temperatures can be caused by the available cooling concept of the temperature control device T. The electrical energy store 1 can no longer be sufficiently cooled by means of a low-temperature cooler, in particular an air-coolant heat exchanger, because of a lack of or very low temperature gradient between the external temperature and a temperature of the energy store 1. The energy store 1 can then be cooled by means of so-called chiller cooling, that is to say by means of a refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger 3. Waste heat of the electrical energy store 1 can reach a higher temperature level via a refrigerant circuit KK, and the waste heat is discharged to the environment of the energy store 1 via an air refrigerant condenser. A refrigeration circuit system is comparatively slow in starting and / or regulating behavior due to physical effects of a refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant circuit KK, in particular with respect to a refrigerant compressor start-up and an opening of an expansion valve upstream of a refrigerant evaporator.Usually, at high external temperatures, with activated air conditioning of the driver's cab 2.1, a vehicle user also drives to a quick-charging column, wherein a refrigerant compressor 4 is already activated and the physical effects in the refrigerant circuit KK are adjusted.If the vehicle user puts his vehicle 2 down at a charging station into the parking position and leaves the vehicle 2, an air conditioning system is automatically deactivated. That is, the refrigerant compressor 4 is deactivated and the refrigerant approaches an equilibrium state again.If the vehicle user connects his vehicle 2 to a quick-charging column, cooling of the energy store 1 by means of the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger 3, i.e. a so-called chiller, is activated, in particular when the temperature of the electrical energy store 1 is exceeded and the external temperature is comparatively high. From such an operating state, the result is a run-up of the electric refrigerant compressor 4 and an opening of the expansion valve at the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger 3. In the case of pure chiller cooling or in the case of parallel operation between air conditioning of the driver's cab 2.1 and cooling by means of the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger 3, the refrigerant circuit KM requires time in order to adjust itself. A setpoint coolant temperature in a temperature control circuit TK of the electrical energy store 1 and thus a maximum cooling potential are consequently not reached immediately after the beginning of a rapid charging operation, but only at a later point in time, for example when the charging power has already been reduced. A similar cooling behavior occurs when the vehicle user separates the vehicle 2 from the quick charging column and wishes to resume his driving operation with air conditioning of the vehicle cabin 2.1 and maximum drive power immediately after the separation.In order to optimize a charging time of the vehicle 2 at a quick charging column, not shown in detail, and a cooling after a DC quick charging, so that the highest possible drive power is available for the driving operation resumed after the charging process, a method for operating the temperature control device T, i.e. an operating strategy behavior, is described below. In particular, an application of the method for a DC rapid charging of the electrical energy store 1 with or without parallel activated air conditioning of a vehicle cabin 2.1 during a preceding and subsequent driving operation in the event of summer, i.e. comparatively high external temperatures, is provided.On the basis of a predefined navigation destination and / or on the basis of position determination data acquired with satellite assistance, it is determined on the vehicle side whether the vehicle user has input a rapid charging station as the navigation destination or the vehicle 2 is located in the immediate vicinity of a rapid charging station. If it is determined that the vehicle 2 starts a quick-charging column, it is determined whether the external temperature is above a predefined temperature value. In addition, it is determined whether a charging power of the quick charging column exceeds a predefined charging power value.If it is determined that the external temperature is above the predefined temperature value and the charging power exceeds the predefined charging power value, the temperature device T is controlled by means of a control unit, as described below.If the vehicle user puts the vehicle 2 off in a parking position after reaching the quick-charging column and leaves the vehicle 2, the refrigerant compressor 4 and the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger 3 and a delivery unit 5 provided for delivering a coolant to the temperature control circuit TK remain activated for a predefined time period, for example a predefined time period which is dependent on the external temperature. As a result, a setpoint lead temperature of the temperature control circuit TK can be reached more quickly and a required cooling capacity can be provided for the electrical energy store 1. As soon as the vehicle 2 is connected to the quick charging column by means of a charging cable, the control unit causes an operating strategy of the temperature control device T that is usually used during the charging process to be applied.A similar optimization potential exists if the vehicle user disconnects the connection between vehicle 2 and the quick-charging column, in particular if a further navigation destination for vehicle 2 is predefined and a current temperature of electrical energy store 1 exceeds a predefined threshold value and, on the basis of the external temperature, energy stores 1 must be cooled via refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger 3. In particular, such a function can be activated for a predefinable time duration. Heat can thus be extracted from the energy store 1 at a comparatively low current load, in the so-called idle state, and a temperature of the electrical energy store 1 can be reduced. In addition, the refrigerant circuit KK also makes it possible to achieve comfort, in particular with regard to air conditioning, in the vehicle cabin 2.1 relatively quickly after the vehicle user enters the vehicle 2.By using the method, a charging time gain can be achieved because of the more early provision of cooling of the electrical energy store 1. In addition, the comfort in the vehicle cabin 2.1 after the DC rapid charging can be increased and there is a relatively low risk of a power train of the vehicle 2 being reduced after the DC rapid charging owing to an excessively high temperature of the electrical energy store 1.List of reference characters1 Energy store 2 Vehicle 2.1 Vehicle cabin 3 Refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger 4 Refrigerant compressor 5 Delivery unit KK Refrigerant circuit T Temperature control device TK Temperature control circuitReferences included in the specificationThis list of documents cited by the applicant has been produced in an automated manner and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent application or utility model application. The DPMA does not take any adhesion for any faults or omissions.Patent Literature citedDE 10 2007 002 413 A1

[0002]

Claims

Method for operating a temperature control device (T) of an electrical energy store (1) of a vehicle (2), wherein a refrigerant circuit (KK) of a vehicle air-conditioning system for controlling the temperature of a vehicle cabin (2.1) is thermally coupled to a temperature control circuit (TK) for controlling the temperature of the electrical energy store (1) by means of a refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger (3), characterized in that, if it is detected on the vehicle side on the basis of a predefined navigation destination and / or on the basis of position determination data detected with satellite assistance, that the vehicle (2) starts a fast-charging column for charging the electrical energy store (1) or the vehicle (2) is located in the immediate vicinity of a fast-charging column and an external temperature is above a predefined temperature value, a refrigerant compressor (4) provided in the refrigerant circuit (KK) for conveying a refrigerant, a delivery unit (5) provided in the temperature control circuit (TK) for delivering a coolant and the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger (3) remain activated and / or are activated for a predefined period of time.Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the refrigerant compressor (4), the conveying unit (5) and the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger (3) remain activated for a predefined period of time after a drive unit of the vehicle (2) has been switched off.Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is determined whether a charging power of a rapid charging station controlled by the vehicle (2) is above a predefined charging power value.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, when the vehicle (2) is connected to the quick-charging column and when the predetermined temperature value is exceeded, the refrigerant compressor (4) remains activated after the predetermined time period has elapsed and the electrical energy store (1) is tempered by means of the coolant conveyed through the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger (3) by means of the conveying unit (5).Method according to Claim 4, characterized in that, if the connection between the vehicle (2) and the quick-charging column is disconnected, a further navigation destination for the vehicle (2) is predefined and a present temperature of the electrical energy store (1) exceeds a predefined threshold value, the electrical energy store (1) is furthermore cooled by means of the activated refrigerant compressor (4), the activated delivery unit (5) and the activated refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger (3) on the basis of the external temperature after the charging of the electrical energy store (1).Method according to Claim 5, characterized in that the cooling of the electrical energy store (1) takes place after the charging of the electrical energy store (1) for a further predefined period of time by means of the activated refrigerant compressor (4), the activated delivery unit (5) and the activated refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger (3).Device for operating a temperature control device (T) of an electrical energy store (1) of a vehicle (2), wherein a refrigerant circuit (KK) of a vehicle air conditioning system for temperature control of a vehicle cabin (2.1) is thermally coupled to a temperature control circuit (TK) for temperature control of the electrical energy store (1) by means of a refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger (3), characterized in that a control unit is designed - to determine, on the basis of a predefined navigation destination and / or on the basis of position determination data acquired with satellite assistance, that the vehicle (2) starts a fast-charging column for charging the electrical energy store (1) or the vehicle (2) is located in the immediate vicinity of a fast-charging column, - to determine, whether an external temperature is above a predetermined temperature value and to leave or to activate a refrigerant compressor (4) provided in the refrigerant circuit (KK) for conveying a refrigerant, a conveying unit (5) provided in the temperature control circuit (TK) for conveying a refrigerant, and the refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger (3) activated for a predetermined period of time.

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