Electric motor vehicle with an incident ventilation arrangement and incident ventilation arrangement for an electric motor vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to an electric motor vehicle (10) with a high-voltage traction battery (30), an electric traction motor (34) powered by the high-voltage traction battery (30), a passenger compartment (20) and an emergency ventilation arrangement (11) comprising: a fresh air storage unit (50) in which storage fresh air (51) is stored at super-atmospheric pressure and which is fluidically connected to the passenger compartment (20) via a connecting line (77) in which a ventilation valve (76) is arranged, at least one incident sensor (43, 44, 45, 46, 47) that detects a degassing-relevant measurement parameter of the high-voltage traction battery (30), and an electronic incident control (40) with an incident detector (41) which reports an incident when it receives a degassing-critical measured quantity (T, Q, P, C, U) from the incident sensor (43, 44, 45, 46, 47), wherein the incident control (40) opens the ventilation valve (76) when the incident detector (41) reports an incident. In the event of an incident, the passenger compartment is proactively pressurized with fresh air from the fresh air storage tank.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to an electric motor vehicle with an incident ventilation arrangement and to an incident ventilation arrangement for an electric motor vehicle.

[0002] An electric vehicle has a high-voltage traction battery with a nominal voltage of over 100 V, an electric traction motor powered by the high-voltage traction battery, and a passenger compartment. The high-voltage traction battery poses a hazard in the event of an accident, as it can explosively emit hot and toxic gases that should not enter the passenger compartment of the vehicle.

[0003] DE 103 55 893 B3 and DE 196 04 661 A1 disclose motor vehicles with ventilation systems that incorporate a pollutant sensor in the air intake tract. As soon as the pollutant sensor in the air intake tract detects pollutant levels in the intake air, the passenger compartment is supplied with fresh air from a fresh air reservoir. However, the switch to fresh air supply from the fresh air reservoir only occurs once pollutants have already been drawn into the air intake tract.

[0004] DE 10 2013 224 745 A1 discloses an electric motor vehicle with a traction battery, which is associated with a battery gas sensor and a battery voltage sensor. In the event of a fault, a battery gas discharge device is activated.

[0005] The object of the invention is to provide an electric motor vehicle with an improved emergency ventilation arrangement for actively protecting the passenger compartment from battery gas or such an emergency ventilation arrangement.

[0006] This object is achieved according to the invention by an electric motor vehicle having the features of claim 1 or by an emergency ventilation arrangement having the features of claim 6.

[0007] The electric motor vehicle has a high-voltage traction battery with a nominal voltage of more than 100 V, an electric traction motor powered by the high-voltage traction battery, which drives at least one vehicle wheel, a fluidically lockable passenger compartment and an emergency ventilation arrangement.

[0008] The emergency ventilation system includes a fresh air reservoir in which fresh air is stored at above-atmospheric pressure. The fresh air reservoir is fluidically connected to the passenger compartment via a connecting line, in which a vent valve is arranged in fluidic series. When the vent valve is open, the fresh air stored under overpressure in the fresh air reservoir flows into the passenger compartment, so that the passenger compartment is at a relatively low overpressure relative to the surrounding atmosphere when the compartment is largely fluidically closed.

[0009] The incident ventilation arrangement has at least one incident sensor that is physically assigned to the high-voltage traction battery and that detects a degassing-critical measured variable of the high-voltage traction battery.

[0010] The incident sensor can be, for example, a battery temperature sensor that measures the temperature of the traction battery or the immediate surroundings of the traction battery, a battery gas flow sensor that measures the gas flow in a degassing path fluidically associated with the traction battery, a battery pressure sensor that measures the internal pressure of the traction battery, a battery gas sensor near the traction battery that detects the presence of battery gas, and / or an electrical sensor that, for example, measures the terminal voltage of the traction battery. However, an incident sensor within the meaning of the present invention is not a battery gas sensor in the normal operation ventilation path that ensures the ventilation of the passenger compartment with outside air.

[0011] The incident ventilation arrangement has an electronic incident control system with an incident detector that reports an incident when it receives a degassing-critical measured variable from the incident sensor. The degassing-critical measured variable can be, for example, the battery temperature, the battery gas flow in a battery degassing path, an internal battery pressure, a battery gas concentration, and / or an electrical variable of the traction battery, such as its terminal voltage. As soon as the incident detector detects that a limit value of the degassing-critical measured variable has been exceeded, the incident detector reports an incident, causing the incident control system to open the ventilation valve. This opens the connecting line between the fresh air reservoir and the passenger compartment, allowing fresh, clean air to flow from the fresh air reservoir into the passenger compartment.This puts the passenger compartment under slight overpressure so that no air or gases from outside can enter the passenger compartment.

[0012] The fluidic isolation of the passenger compartment is implemented proactively, i.e., as soon as a malfunction of the high-voltage traction battery is detected, rather than only when battery gas is detected in the outside air ventilation system. This reliably protects passengers in the passenger compartment against the ingress of battery gas into the passenger compartment in the event of a traction battery incident.

[0013] Preferably, the motor vehicle has at least one folding or sliding window associated with the passenger compartment, which is associated with a window pane that can be moved between an open and a closed position and is moved by an electric window motor. In this case, a folding or sliding window is understood to mean, in particular, a side vehicle window and a so-called folding or sliding roof, i.e., any door- or window-like opening in the vehicle that can be fluidically closed by a window pane, which does not necessarily have to be transparent.

[0014] Preferably, the incident control system comprises a window control system electrically connected to the window motor, which forcibly moves the window pane into its closed position when the incident detector signals an incident. This ensures that all movable windows of the motor vehicle or the passenger compartment are moved into their closed position, so that after the ventilation valve is opened, at least a slight overpressure is built up in the passenger compartment relative to the surrounding atmosphere.

[0015] Preferably, an electric charging pump and an air filter are fluidically associated with the fresh air reservoir. The charging pump serves to charge the fresh air reservoir. The air filter is fluidically arranged in series and ensures clean intake air. The air filter, in particular, retains all corpuscular components of the intake air. If the incident detector reports an incident, the incident control activates the charging pump so that the fresh air reservoir continues to be continuously charged with filtered fresh air. In this way, a small continuous flow of fresh air into the passenger compartment can be achieved, so that the slight overpressure in the passenger compartment can be maintained even over an extended period.

[0016] Preferably, the motor vehicle has a plurality of pneumatic wheel suspension spring elements assigned to the vehicle wheels, which are fluidically connected to the fresh air reservoir. The fresh air reservoir thus has a dual function: that of a compressed air reservoir for the pneumatic spring elements and that of a fresh air reservoir for ventilating the passenger compartment in the event of an incident.

[0017] According to the independent claim 6, an emergency ventilation arrangement is provided for an electric motor vehicle with a high-voltage traction battery, an electric traction motor powered by the high-voltage traction battery, and a passenger compartment. The emergency ventilation arrangement has the features relating to the ventilation arrangement of any of the preceding claims 1-5.

[0018] In the following, an embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail with reference to the figure.

[0019] The figure shows a schematic representation of an electric motor vehicle with an emergency ventilation arrangement.

[0020] The figure schematically shows an electric motor vehicle 10 with a high-voltage traction battery 30, an electric traction motor 34 powered by the high-voltage traction battery 30, a passenger compartment 20, and an emergency ventilation arrangement 11. The high-voltage traction battery 30 has, for example, a nominal terminal voltage of 400 V or 800 V and a capacity of over 10 kWh. The electric traction motor 34 drives at least two vehicle wheels 70. The motor vehicle 10 has a total of four vehicle wheels 70, each vehicle wheel 70 being assigned a pneumatic spring element 72.

[0021] A plurality of passenger seats 22 are arranged in the passenger compartment 20. The passenger compartment 20 has a plurality of electric sliding windows 21, each sliding window 21 having a window pane 26 movable within a window opening 24 between an open position and a closed position. The window pane 26 is moved between an open position and a closed position by an electric window motor 28. Furthermore, a passenger compartment pressure sensor 42 is assigned to the passenger compartment 20, which quantitatively determines the passenger compartment gas pressure PI.

[0022] The emergency ventilation arrangement 11 has a fresh air reservoir 50 in which fresh air 51 is stored at a superatmospheric pressure of several bar. The fresh air reservoir 50 is fluidically connected to the four pneumatic spring elements 72 via a spring control valve 74. An electric standard operation charge pump 52 is fluidically associated with the fresh air reservoir 50 and is activated as needed to charge the fresh air reservoir 50 with charge air such that the gas pressure in the fresh air reservoir 50 is always above a specified minimum pressure. Furthermore, an electric emergency charge pump 54 with an air filter 56 arranged fluidically in series with it is associated with the fresh air reservoir 50. Since the air filter 56 represents a significant flow resistance, the emergency charge pump 54 is activated as an alternative to the standard operation charge pump 52 only in an emergency.The fresh air reservoir 50 is fluidically connected directly to the passenger compartment 20 via a connecting line 77, in the course of which a ventilation valve 76 is arranged.

[0023] Adjacent to the high-voltage traction battery 30 is a power electronics unit 32, which monitors and controls the traction battery 30 and supplies electrical energy to the electric traction motor 34. An electrical sensor, which continuously detects the electrical terminal voltage U of the traction battery 30, is assigned to the power electronics unit 32 as an incident sensor 47. A battery temperature sensor, a battery gas flow sensor, and a battery pressure sensor are physically directly assigned to the traction battery 30 as incident sensors 43, 44, and 45. The battery temperature sensor detects the battery temperature T on the inside or outside of the traction battery 30. The battery gas flow sensor is arranged in a degassing path of the traction battery 30 and quantitatively determines the gas flow Q there. The battery pressure sensor detects the internal pressure P of the traction battery 30.

[0024] Furthermore, a further incident sensor 46 is spatially directly associated with the traction battery 30, which is a battery gas sensor and quantitatively detects the presence or concentration C of a battery gas.

[0025] Finally, the incident ventilation arrangement 11 has an electronic incident control 40 with an incident detector 41. The incident detector 41 continuously monitors all incident sensors 43-47 to determine whether one of the incident sensors 43-47 is signaling a degassing-critical measured variable. The limit values ​​for the measured variables T, Q, P, C, U of the incident sensors 43-47 are stored in the incident detector 41. As soon as the incident detector 41 detects a degassing-critical measured value from one of the incident sensors 43 - 47, the incident control 40 controls an integrated window control 49 so that the window panes 26 of all sliding windows 21 are closed, the incident control 40 opens the ventilation valve 76 and the incident control 40 activates the incident charging pump 54.The incident control 40 continuously monitors the passenger compartment gas pressure PI by means of the passenger compartment pressure sensor 42 and adjusts it, for example, to an overpressure of 10 mbar compared to the atmospheric ambient pressure PA by appropriately controlling the vent valve 76.

[0026] The incident operation is terminated as soon as the incident control 40 receives an all-clear signal, which can be triggered manually by a passenger, for example. QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] DE 103 55 893 B3

[0003] DE 196 04 661 A1

[0003] DE 10 2013 224 745 A1

[0004]

Claims

[1] Electric motor vehicle (10) with a high-voltage traction battery (30), an electric traction motor (34) powered by the high-voltage traction battery (30), a passenger compartment (20) and an emergency ventilation arrangement (11), comprising: a fresh air reservoir (50) in which fresh air reservoir (51) is stored under superatmospheric pressure and which is fluidically connected to the passenger compartment (20) via a connecting line (77) in which a ventilation valve (76) is arranged, at least one incident sensor (43, 44, 45, 46, 47) which detects a degassing-relevant measured variable (T, Q, P, C, U) of the high-voltage traction battery (30), and an electronic incident control (40) with an incident detector (41) which reports an incident when it receives a degassing-critical measured variable (T, Q, P, C, U) from the incident sensor (43, 44, 45, 46, 47), wherein the incident controller (40) opens the vent valve (76) when the incident detector (41) reports an incident. [2] Electric motor vehicle (10) according to claim 1, wherein the incident sensor (43, 44, 45, 46, 47) is a battery temperature sensor, a battery gas flow sensor, a battery pressure sensor, a battery gas sensor, and / or an electrical sensor. [3] Electric motor vehicle (10) according to one of the preceding claims, with at least one folding or sliding window (21) assigned to the passenger compartment (20) with a window pane (26) movable between an open position and a closed position by an electric window motor (28), wherein the incident control (40) has a window control (49) electrically connected to the window motor (28) which moves the window pane (26) into its closed position when the incident detector (41) reports an incident. [4] Electric motor vehicle (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the fresh air reservoir (50) is fluidically assigned an electric charging pump (54) and an air filter (56) which serves to charge the fresh air reservoir (50), wherein the incident control (40) activates the charging pump (54) when the incident detector (41) reports an incident. [5] Electric motor vehicle (10) according to one of the preceding claims, with a plurality of pneumatic spring elements (72) assigned to the vehicle wheels (70) which are fluidically connected to the fresh air reservoir (50). [6] Incident ventilation arrangement (11) for an electric motor vehicle (10) with a high-voltage traction battery (30), an electric traction motor (34) fed by the high-voltage traction battery (30) and a passenger compartment (20), with the features relating to the incident ventilation arrangement (11) of one of the preceding claims.

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