Drive unit for a motor vehicle, in particular for a motor car, as well as motor vehicle

Abstract

Drive unit (1) for a motor vehicle, comprising: - a first electric machine (2) which has a first rotor (3) via which a first vehicle wheel (11) of a vehicle axle (10) of the motor vehicle can be driven by means of the first electric machine (2); - a second electric machine (6) which has a second rotor (7) via which a second vehicle wheel (12) of the vehicle axle (10) can be driven by means of the second electric machine (6); - a first coupling device (15) associated with the first vehicle wheel (11) and the first electric machine (2), which is switchable between: o a first coupling state in which the first rotor (3) is torque-transmittingly coupled to the first vehicle wheel (11) by means of the first coupling device (15); and o a first decoupling state in which the first vehicle wheel (11) is decoupled from the first rotor (3); - a second coupling device (16) associated with the second vehicle wheel (12) and the second electric machine (6), which is switchable between: a second coupling state in which the second rotor (7) is torque-transmittingly coupled to the second vehicle wheel (12) by means of the second coupling device (16); and o a second decoupling state in which the second vehicle wheel (12) is decoupled from the second rotor (7); - a first parking lock (18) assigned to the first vehicle wheel (11) and the first electric motor (2), which is switchable between: o a first locking state in which the first rotor (3) is non-rotatably connected to a housing assembly (19) of the drive unit (1) by means of the first parking lock (18), so that in the first locking state and in the first coupling state the first rotor (3) and, via the first rotor (3), the first vehicle wheel (11) are non-rotatably connected to the housing assembly (19) by means of the first parking lock (18); and o a first release state in which the first parking lock (18) allows relative rotations between the first rotor (3) and the housing device (19); - a second parking lock (20) assigned to the second vehicle wheel (12) and the second electric motor (6), which is switchable between: a second locking state in which the second rotor (7) is non-rotatably connected to the housing assembly (19) by means of the second parking lock (20), so that in the second locking state and in the second coupling state the second rotor (7) and, via the second rotor (7), the second vehicle wheel (12) are non-rotatably connected to the housing assembly (19) by means of the second parking lock (20); and a second release state in which the second parking lock (20) allows relative rotations between the second rotor (7) and the housing assembly (19); and - exactly one actuator (21) common to the coupling devices (15, 16) and the parking locks (18, 20), by means of which both the coupling devices (15, 16) can be switched between the coupling states and the decoupling states, and the parking locks (18, 20) can be switched between the locking states and the enabling states.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a drive system for a motor vehicle, in particular for a car. Furthermore, the invention relates to a motor vehicle with such a drive system.

[0002] DE 10 2018 128 836 B3 discloses a transmission device for a motor vehicle. DE 10 2015 016 939 A1 discloses a powertrain device. Furthermore, DE 10 2016 014 857 A1 discloses a multi-stage transmission for a motor vehicle. DE 199 23 316 A1 also discloses a drive system for a motor vehicle. DE 10 2022 104 377 A1 discloses a hybrid transmission. DE 10 2018 130 628 A1 discloses a motor vehicle with a parking lock device.

[0003] The object of the present invention is to create a drive device for a motor vehicle and a motor vehicle with at least one such drive device, so that a particularly large range of functions of the drive device can be realized in a particularly space-saving manner.

[0004] This problem is solved according to the invention by a drive device with the features of claim 1 and by a motor vehicle with the features of claim 12. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

[0005] A first aspect of the invention relates to a drive device for a motor vehicle, also simply referred to as a vehicle. This means that the motor vehicle, preferably designed as a motor car, in particular as a passenger car, has the drive device in its fully manufactured state and can be driven by means of the drive device, in particular purely electrically. For example, the motor vehicle in its fully manufactured state has at least or exactly two axles arranged consecutively and thus one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the motor vehicle, which are also simply referred to as axles.

[0006] Each vehicle axle has at least or exactly two wheels. The wheels of each axle are arranged, for example, on opposite sides of the vehicle in the transverse direction. The wheels are ground contact elements by which the vehicle can be supported or is supported downwards against the ground. When the vehicle is driven along the ground while supported downwards by these ground contact elements, the elements roll along the ground, particularly directly. The drive system can drive the wheels of at least or exactly one of the axles.When the following text refers to vehicle wheels or wheels, unless otherwise specified, this means the vehicle wheels that are driven by the drive system. These vehicle wheels are also called drive wheels, powered wheels, or driven wheels. The entire motor vehicle can be propelled by driving the vehicle wheels. Therefore, the vehicle wheels driven by the drive system are specifically those on the same axle of the motor vehicle.

[0007] The drive system comprises a first electric machine, which has a first rotor. For example, the first electric machine also has a first stator, by means of which the first rotor can be driven and thus rotated about a first axis of rotation relative to the first stator. A first of the vehicle wheels, i.e., a first of the drive wheels, can be driven by means of the first rotor, so that the first electric machine can drive the first vehicle wheel via its first rotor. In particular, the first electric machine can provide first drive torques via a first rotor, by means of which the first vehicle wheel can be driven. The drive system also comprises a second electric machine, in addition to the first electric machine, which has a second rotor.For example, the second electric machine also has a second stator, by means of which the second rotor can be driven and thus rotated about a second machine axis of rotation relative to the second stator. Most preferably, the electric machines are arranged coaxially to each other, so that their axes of rotation coincide. A second of the vehicle wheels, and thus a second of the drive wheels, can be driven by means of the second rotor. Therefore, the second electric machine can drive the second vehicle wheel via its second rotor. In particular, the second electric machine can provide second drive torques via its second rotor, by means of which the second vehicle wheel can be driven. The first and second vehicle wheels are wheels on the same vehicle axle.This means that, for example, if the motor vehicle has the aforementioned at least or exactly two axles, one of the axles of the motor vehicle comprises the first and second wheels, preferably being located on opposite sides of the vehicle in the transverse direction. In particular, it is provided that the first wheel can be driven by the first electric machine via the first rotor, bypassing the second wheel. This means that the respective drive torque does not flow through the second wheel on its way from the first rotor to the first wheel.In other words, it is preferably provided that, with respect to a first torque flow along which the respective first drive torque can be transmitted from the first rotor to the first vehicle wheel in order to drive the first vehicle wheel, the second vehicle wheel is not arranged in the first torque flow downstream of the first rotor and upstream of the first vehicle wheel. Accordingly, it is preferably provided that the second vehicle wheel can be driven by the second electric machine via the second rotor, bypassing the first vehicle wheel, so that the respective second drive torque does not flow or pass through the first vehicle wheel on its way from the second rotor to the second vehicle wheel.In other words, with respect to a second torque flow along which the respective second drive torque can be transmitted from the second rotor to the second vehicle wheel, the first vehicle wheel is not located in the second torque flow downstream of the second rotor and upstream of the second vehicle wheel. This allows the vehicle to be driven particularly advantageously by means of the drive system.

[0008] The drive unit has a first coupling device associated with the first vehicle wheel and the first electric machine, which is switchable between a first coupling state and a first decoupling state. In the first coupling state, the first rotor is torque-transmittingly coupled to the first vehicle wheel via the first coupling device, so that torques can be transmitted between the first rotor and the first vehicle wheel in this first coupling state. Thus, for example, to transmit the respective first drive torque from the first rotor to the first vehicle wheel, the first coupling device is in its first coupling state. In the first decoupling state, the first vehicle wheel is decoupled from the first rotor, so that no torques can be transmitted between the first vehicle wheel and the first rotor via the first coupling device.Thus, for example, the first vehicle wheel can be turned, while the first rotor is not driven by the first vehicle wheel.

[0009] The drive unit also features a second coupling device, in addition to the first coupling device, which is assigned to the second vehicle wheel and the second electric machine. This second coupling device can be switched between a second coupling state and a second decoupling state. In the second coupling state, the second rotor is torque-transmittingly coupled to the second vehicle wheel via the second coupling device, allowing torque to be transmitted between the second vehicle wheel and the second rotor. For example, to transmit the respective second drive torque from the second rotor to the second vehicle wheel via the second coupling device, the second coupling device is in its second coupling state.In the second decoupling state, the second vehicle wheel is decoupled from the second rotor, so that no torques can be transmitted between the second vehicle wheel and the second rotor via the second coupling device. Therefore, if, for example, the second vehicle wheel is rotated while the second coupling device is in its second decoupling state, the second rotor will not be driven by the second vehicle wheel via the second coupling device.

[0010] The drive unit also features a first parking lock associated with the first vehicle wheel and the first electric machine, in particular the first rotor, which is switchable between a first locked state and a first unlocked state. In the first locked state, the first rotor is rotationally fixed to a housing of the drive unit by means of the first parking lock, so that in the first locked state and in the first coupled state, the first rotor and, via the first rotor, the first vehicle wheel are rotationally fixed to the housing of the drive unit by means of the first parking lock. In the first unlocked state, the first parking lock allows relative rotations between the first rotor and the housing, in particular about the first axis of rotation of the machine.The drive unit also features a second parking lock, in addition to the first parking lock, which is assigned to the second vehicle wheel and the second electric machine, in particular the second rotor. This second parking lock is switchable between a second locked state and a second unlocked state. In the second locked state, the second rotor is rotationally fixed to the drive unit's housing by means of the second parking lock. Thus, in both the second locked and the second coupled states, the second rotor, and via the second rotor the second vehicle wheel, are rotationally fixed to the drive unit's housing by means of the second parking lock. In the second unlocked state, the second parking lock allows relative rotations between the second rotor and the housing, particularly around the second axis of rotation of the machine.

[0011] In other words, when the first parking lock is in its first locked position, the first rotor is fixed to the housing by means of the first parking lock. When the second parking lock is in its second locked position, the second rotor is fixed to the housing by means of the second parking lock. When the first parking lock is in its first released position, it allows relative rotations between the first rotor and the housing, specifically around the first axis of rotation of the machine. Thus, for example, the first rotor can be freely rotated several times around the first axis of rotation of the machine relative to the housing.If the second parking lock is in its second release state, it allows relative rotations between the second rotor and the housing about the second machine axis of rotation, so that the second rotor can be freely rotated several times completely about the second machine axis of rotation relative to the housing. If the first parking lock is in its first locked state while the first coupling device is in its first coupled state, the first rotor, and consequently the first vehicle wheel, are rotationally fixed to the housing by means of the first parking lock.If the second parking lock is in its second locked state, while the second coupling device is in its second coupled state, then the second rotor, and consequently the second vehicle wheel, are connected to the housing in a rotationally fixed manner via the second parking lock. The characteristic that the respective rotor, and via the respective rotor the respective vehicle wheel, are connected to the housing in a rotationally fixed manner means that relative rotations between the respective rotor and the housing, and relative rotations between the respective vehicle wheel and the housing, are thereby prevented. Thus, in order to drive the first vehicle wheel via the first rotor, the first coupling device is in its first coupled state, while the first parking lock is in its first released state.Then the first rotor can be rotated about the first machine axis of rotation relative to the housing, and the first vehicle wheel can be rotated relative to the housing, allowing the first rotor to drive the first vehicle wheel via the first coupling device. To drive the second vehicle wheel using the second rotor, the second coupling device is in its second engaged state, while the second parking lock is in its second released state. Thus, the second rotor can be rotated about the second machine axis of rotation relative to the housing, and the second vehicle wheel can be rotated relative to the housing, allowing the second rotor to drive the second vehicle wheel via the second coupling device.If the parking locks are simultaneously in their locked positions and the coupling devices are simultaneously in their coupled positions, relative rotations between the respective vehicle wheel and the housing device are prevented, thereby securing the motor vehicle against unwanted rolling away, especially when it is parked on or near a slope.With regard to the respective torque flow mentioned above, it is thus provided, for example, that a respective fixing point, at which the respective rotor is connected to the housing device in a rotationally fixed manner by means of the respective parking lock in the respective locking state of the respective parking lock, is located upstream of a respective coupling point arranged in the respective torque flow, at which the respective rotor can be selectively coupled to the respective vehicle wheel or torque can be transmitted from the respective vehicle wheel by means of the respective coupling device.In a theoretical state in which the respective parking lock is in its respective locked state, while the respective coupling device is in its respective uncoupling state, the respective rotor would indeed be rotationally fixed to the housing device by means of the respective parking lock, but the respective vehicle wheel could be rotated relative to the housing device.

[0012] It is evident that the drive unit has a particularly wide range of functions, comprising at least or exactly four functions: A first function includes or provides that, by means of the first coupling device, the first rotor can be selectively coupled to the first vehicle wheel in a torque-transmitting manner or decoupled from the first vehicle wheel. A second function includes or provides that, by means of the second coupling device, the second rotor can be selectively coupled to the second vehicle wheel in a torque-transmitting manner or decoupled from the second vehicle wheel. A third function provides or includes that, optionally, the first parking lock allows the first rotor to be rotationally fixed to the housing assembly, or that the first parking lock permits relative rotations between the first rotor and the housing assembly, particularly around the first axis of rotation of the machine.A fourth function includes or provides that, optionally, the second rotor can be connected to the housing assembly in a rotationally fixed manner by means of the second parking lock, or that the second parking lock allows relative rotations between the second rotor and the housing assembly, particularly around the second axis of rotation of the machine. Thus, for example, the first function includes that the first coupling device is switchable between the first coupled state and the first decoupling state. The second function includes or provides that the second coupling device is switchable between the second coupled state and the second decoupling state. The third function includes or provides that the first parking lock is switchable between the first locked state and the first unlocked state. The fourth function includes or provides that the second parking lock is switchable between the second locked state and the second unlocked state.

[0013] To achieve this particularly extensive range of functions in a space-saving, weight-efficient, and cost-effective manner, the invention provides that the drive unit has exactly one actuator common to both the coupling devices and the parking locks. This actuator allows switching between the coupling devices' coupled and uncoupling states, as well as between the locking and unlocking states, of the parking locks. Preferably, the actuator is electrically operated. In other words, the actuator can be operated, for example, by supplying it with electrical energy. By operating the actuator, both the coupling devices and the parking locks can be actuated.In other words, by operating the actuator, both the coupling devices between the coupling states and the decoupling states, as well as the parking locks between the locking states and the unlocking states, can be switched.

[0014] To minimize the required installation space, it is provided, for example, that the actuator is arranged at least partially, and in particular at least predominantly and thus at least more than halfway or even completely, between the electric machines with respect to the respective machine axis of rotation, so that, for example, the first electric machine is at least partially overlapped by the actuator in a first direction that coincides with the first machine axis of rotation and points from the first electric machine to the second electric machine. Accordingly, it is preferably provided that the second electric machine is at least partially overlapped by the actuator in a second direction that coincides with the second machine axis of rotation and points from the second electric machine to the first electric machine.In other words, for example, the first electric machine, when viewed in relation to the second electric machine, is at least partially overlapped by the actuator, and for example, the second electric machine, when viewed in relation to the first electric machine, is at least partially overlapped by the actuator.

[0015] The actuator, also known as a drive actuator, can thus fulfill, effect, or perform all four of the aforementioned functions, thereby keeping the installation space requirements, weight, and costs of the drive unit to a particularly low level. Furthermore, the invention enables, for example, a particularly simple and therefore advantageous integration of at least or exactly four sensors. A first sensor is configured, for example, to detect whether the first coupling device is in the first coupled state or in the first uncoupled state. A second sensor is configured, for example, to detect whether the second coupling device is in the second coupled state or in the second uncoupled state. A third sensor is configured, for example, to detect whether the first parking lock is in the first locked state or in the first released state.A fourth of the sensors, for example, is designed to detect whether the second parking lock is in the second locked state or in the second unlocked state.

[0016] Alternatively, it is conceivable that the first sensor is configured to detect whether the first coupling device is in the first coupled state or in the first decoupling state. The second sensor is also configured, for example, to detect whether the first coupling device is in the first coupled state or in the first decoupling state. The third sensor is configured, for example, to detect whether the second coupling device is in the second coupled state or in the second decoupling state. The fourth sensor is also configured, for example, to detect whether the second coupling device is in the second coupled state or in the second decoupling state.

[0017] To keep the installation space requirements, weight, and costs to a particularly low level, one embodiment of the invention provides that the actuator has exactly one electric motor, in particular in addition to the electric machines. This electric motor has a stator, also referred to as a third stator, and a rotor that can be driven by the third stator and is thus movable relative to it. By moving the rotor relative to the third stator, both the coupling devices between the coupled and uncoupled states and the parking locks between the locked and unlocked states can be switched. Thus, by operating the actuator and therefore the electric motor, the rotor can be driven by the third stator and is thereby movable relative to it.In other words, the electric motor, for example, can provide at least one force and / or at least one actuating torque via its rotor, whereby the coupling devices between the coupled and uncoupled states, as well as the parking locks between the locked and unlocked states, can be switched by means of the actuating force and / or the actuating element. This allows for a particularly compact design of the drive unit.

[0018] It has proven particularly advantageous if the rotor of the electric motor is a third rotor, which can be driven by the third stator and is therefore rotatable around a motor axis relative to the third stator. Thus, for example, the electric motor can provide the aforementioned actuation torque via its third rotor. By rotating the third rotor around the motor axis relative to the third stator, both the coupling devices can be switched between the coupled and uncoupled states, and the parking locks can be switched between the locked and unlocked states, all in a particularly space-saving manner.

[0019] In order to enable particularly space-saving switching of both the coupling devices between the coupling and decoupling states and the parking locks between the locking and unlocking states, a further embodiment of the invention provides that a first actuating element is assigned to the first coupling device, which is preferably a component of the actuator. By means of the first actuating element, the first coupling device can be switched between the first coupling state and the first decoupling state by moving the first actuating element relative to the housing. Preferably, a second actuating element is assigned to the second coupling device, which is preferably a component of the actuator.By means of the second actuating element, the second coupling device can be switched between the second coupled state and the second uncoupled state by moving the second actuating element relative to the housing assembly. A third actuating element, which is preferably a component of the actuator, is preferably associated with the first parking lock. By means of the third actuating element, the first parking lock can be switched between the first locked state and the first unlocked state by moving the third actuating element relative to the housing assembly. A fourth actuating element, which is preferably a component of the actuator, is also associated with the second parking lock. By means of the fourth actuating element, the second parking lock can be switched between the second locked state and the second unlocked state by moving the fourth actuating element relative to the housing assembly.The actuator has a lever that can be pivoted about a pivot axis relative to the housing. For example, the pivot axis runs parallel to the respective machine axis of rotation and is spaced apart from it.

[0020] The lever has a first operating range over which, at least when pivoting about the pivot axis and relative to the housing assembly, it interacts simultaneously with the first and second actuating elements, such that pivoting the lever about the pivot axis and relative to the housing assembly causes a respective movement of the first and second actuating elements relative to the housing assembly. This allows the first and second coupling elements to be switched between the coupled and uncoupled states, particularly simultaneously. Therefore, it is preferably provided that the movements of the first and second actuating elements can be effected and / or occur simultaneously.The first effective area is spaced from the pivot axis along a straight line perpendicular to and intersecting the pivot axis such that the first effective area has a first distance to the pivot axis along this line. Most preferably, the first effective area is a first coupling area of ​​the lever, which is coupled simultaneously with the first actuating element and the second actuating element in and / or via its first coupling area, so that when the lever pivots about the pivot axis and relative to the housing assembly, the lever interacts with both the first actuating element and the second actuating element simultaneously.

[0021] The lever also has a second operating area, which is spaced apart from the first operating area and preferably provided in addition to the first operating area, through which the lever interacts simultaneously with the third actuating element and the fourth actuating element, at least when pivoting the lever about the pivot axis and relative to the housing device, so that by pivoting the lever about the pivot axis and relative to the housing device, a respective movement of the third actuating element and the fourth actuating element relative to the housing device can be effected, whereby the first parking lock and the second parking lock can be switched between the locked and unlocked states.Preferably, the movements of the third and fourth actuating elements occur simultaneously relative to the housing assembly, or can be effected simultaneously by means of the lever via the second working area. The second working area is spaced along the straight line from the pivot axis such that the second coupling area has a second distance to the pivot axis along the straight line, which differs from the first distance.For example, the second area of ​​operation is a second coupling area of ​​the lever, which in its second coupling area and / or via its second coupling area is coupled, in particular simultaneously, with the third actuating element and the fourth actuating element, so that by pivoting the lever about the pivot axis and relative to the housing device, the movements of the third actuating element and the fourth actuating element can be effected, in particular simultaneously.

[0022] Because the effective ranges have different distances from the pivot axis, when the lever is driven by the actuator and thereby pivoted relative to the housing about the pivot axis, the first effective range travels a path (also called the first distance), and the second effective range travels a path (also called the second distance), with the first and second paths being different. For example, if the first distance is less than the second distance, the first path is shorter than the second path. If, for example, the first distance is greater than the second distance, the first path is longer than the second path.Thus, for example, it is possible to switch the coupling devices between coupled and uncoupled states by pivoting the lever around its pivot axis and relative to the housing assembly, while the parking locks are not actuated, i.e., switched between locked and unlocked states. In particular, it is therefore possible, for example, to actuate the coupling devices, and thus switch between coupled and uncoupled states, while the parking locks remain closed or, preferably, open.Furthermore, it is thus possible, for example, to actuate the parking locks by pivoting the lever around its pivot axis and relative to the housing assembly, thereby switching between the release and locking states, while the coupling devices are not actuated, and thus switching between the decoupling and coupling states is prevented. Thus, for example, it is possible to actuate the parking locks by pivoting the lever around its pivot axis and relative to the housing assembly, thereby switching the parking locks between the locking and release states, while the coupling devices remain in the decoupling states or, preferably, in the coupling states.

[0023] To achieve a particularly advantageous range of functions for the drive unit in a space-saving manner, a further embodiment of the invention provides that the second distance is greater than the first distance. Thus, for example, the coupling devices can be actuated by pivoting the lever about the pivot axis and relative to the housing, while the parking locks remain open, i.e., in their released states. Furthermore, it is possible, for example, to actuate the parking locks by pivoting the lever about the pivot axis and relative to the housing, while the coupling devices remain closed, i.e., in their coupled states.

[0024] Another embodiment is characterized by the fact that the pivot axis, as the first pivot axis, runs perpendicular to a first plane. In other words, the pivot axis about which the lever can pivot relative to the housing assembly is also referred to as the first pivot axis, which runs perpendicular to the aforementioned first plane.

[0025] To achieve a particularly compact design, it has proven especially advantageous if the first actuating element is pivotable and thus movable relative to the housing about a second pivot axis. This second pivot axis is perpendicular to a second plane, which is itself perpendicular to the first plane. Alternatively, the second actuating element can be pivoted and thus moved relative to the housing about a third pivot axis, which is parallel to the second pivot axis and therefore perpendicular to the second plane. This allows the installation space requirement to be kept to a minimum.

[0026] In order to actuate the coupling devices in a particularly space-saving manner, i.e., to be able to switch between the coupling states and the decoupling state, it is provided in a further embodiment of the invention that a first spring element is assigned to the first actuating element, which is tensioned at least in the first decoupling state and thereby provides a spring force, also referred to as the first spring force, in the first decoupling state, by means of which the first actuating element can be pivoted about the second pivot axis relative to the housing device, in order to thereby switch the first coupling device from the first decoupling state to the first coupling state.The second actuating element is associated with a second spring element, which is provided in addition to the first spring element and is tensioned at least in the second decoupling state, thereby providing a spring force, also referred to as a second spring force, in the second decoupling state, by means of which the second actuating element can be pivoted about the third pivot axis relative to the housing device in order to switch the second coupling device from the second decoupling state to the second coupling state.

[0027] In order to achieve the extensive functionality of the drive unit in a particularly space-saving manner, a further embodiment of the invention provides that the third actuating element is movable translationally along a straight first axis of movement relative to the housing. The first axis of movement runs perpendicular to a third plane, which is itself perpendicular to the first plane. The fourth actuating element is movable translationally along a straight second axis of movement, which runs parallel to the first axis of movement and thus perpendicular to the third plane, relative to the housing.

[0028] In order to achieve a particularly compact design, it has proven especially advantageous if the second level runs perpendicular to the third level.

[0029] Another embodiment is characterized in that the first actuator has a first screw element which has a first thread and can be driven by the third rotor and is therefore rotatable about an element rotation axis relative to the housing assembly. In particular, it is provided that the element rotation axis coincides with the motor rotation axis. The actuator further comprises a second screw element which has a second thread corresponding to the first thread and which is screwed, in particular directly, to the first thread. Preferably, the second screw element is connected to the housing assembly in a rotationally fixed manner, at least with respect to the element rotation axis, and is thus secured against rotations about the element rotation axis and relative to the housing assembly.Because the first and second threads are screwed together, particularly directly, rotations of the first threaded element about its axis of rotation relative to the second threaded element and the housing assembly can be converted into displacements of the second threaded element along its axis of rotation relative to the housing assembly. Thus, the second threaded element can be moved back and forth along its axis of rotation by rotating the first threaded element about its axis of rotation relative to the second threaded element. The second threaded element is coupled to the lever, so that by moving the second threaded element along its axis of rotation relative to the housing assembly, the lever can be pivoted about its pivot axis relative to the housing assembly.This allows for a particularly compact design of the drive unit, making it possible to implement the wide range of functions in a particularly space-saving manner.

[0030] A second aspect of the invention relates to a motor vehicle, also referred to simply as a vehicle, and preferably designed as a motor car, in particular as a passenger car, which has at least one drive unit according to the first aspect of the invention. Advantages and advantageous embodiments of the first aspect of the invention are to be regarded as advantages and advantageous embodiments of the second aspect of the invention and vice versa.

[0031] Further details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment with the accompanying drawings. These show: Fig. 1. A partial schematic top view of a drive unit for a motor vehicle; and Fig. 2. A schematic and perspective side view of an actuator of the drive unit; and Fig. 3 a schematic perspective view of the actor; and Fig. 4 a schematic side view of a lever of the actuator; and Fig. 5. A further schematic perspective view of the actor is shown in part; and Fig. 6. A further schematic perspective view of the actor (in part); and Fig. 7. A schematic and sectioned side view of the actuator; and Fig. 8. A further schematic and cutaway side view of the actuator.

[0032] In the figures, identical or functionally equivalent elements are provided with the same reference symbols.

[0033] Fig. Figure 1 shows a partial schematic top view of a drive unit 1, also referred to as an electric drive unit or electric drive system, for a motor vehicle, also referred to simply as a vehicle. This means that the motor vehicle, preferably designed as a motor vehicle, in particular as a passenger car, in its fully manufactured state has the drive unit 1 and can be driven, in particular purely electrically, by means of the drive unit. The drive unit 1 has a first electric machine 2, which has a first rotor 3 and a first stator 4. The rotor 3 can be driven by means of the stator 4 and is thereby rotatable about a first machine axis of rotation 5 relative to the stator 4. The drive unit 1 has a second electric machine 6, which has a second rotor 7 and a second stator 8.The rotor 7 can be driven by means of the stator 8 and is therefore rotatable about a second machine axis of rotation 9 relative to the stator 8. The rotors 3 and 7, and thus the electrical machines 2 and 6, are arranged coaxially to each other, so that the machine axes of rotation 5 and 9 coincide.

[0034] The motor vehicle has at least or exactly two axles arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, namely a first axle and a second axle. One of the axles is in Fig. 1 identifiable and designated 10. The preceding and following descriptions of the vehicle axle 10 can readily be applied to the other vehicle axle of the motor vehicle and vice versa. The vehicle axle 10 has at least or exactly two vehicle wheels 11 and 12, which are arranged on opposite sides of the motor vehicle in the transverse direction. The transverse direction of the motor vehicle is in Fig. Figure 1 is illustrated by a double arrow 54. The vehicle wheels 11 and 12 are ground contact elements of the motor vehicle. The rotor 3 can drive the vehicle wheel 11, so that the electric machine 2 can drive the vehicle wheel 11 via its rotor 3. The rotor 7 can drive the vehicle wheel 12, so that the electric machine 6 can drive the vehicle wheel 12 via its rotor 7. In this case, the vehicle wheel 11 can be driven by means of the rotor 3, bypassing the vehicle wheel 12, and the vehicle wheel 12 can be driven by means of the rotor 7, bypassing the vehicle wheel 11. The vehicle wheel 11 and the rotor 3 are connected in Fig. A first gearbox 13, shown schematically in Figure 1, is assigned to the vehicle wheel 11, via which the rotor 3 can drive the vehicle wheel 11, bypassing the vehicle wheel 12. Correspondingly, a second gearbox 14, provided in addition to the first gearbox 13, is assigned to the rotor 7 and the vehicle wheel 12, via which the vehicle wheel 12 can be driven by the rotor 7, bypassing the vehicle wheel 11. The gearboxes 13 and 14 are components of the drive unit 1. It can be seen that the respective machine axis of rotation 5, 9 runs transversely to the vehicle. The respective gearboxes 13, 14 are arranged, for example, transversely to the vehicle and thus along the respective machine axis of rotation 5, 9 between the electric machines 2 and 6, so that, for example, the electric machine 2, viewed along the machine axis of rotation 5 and towards the electric machine 6, is at least partially overlapped by the gearbox 13 and / or the gearbox 14.Accordingly, for example, the electric machine 6, viewed along the machine axis of rotation 9 and towards the electric machine 2, is at least partially overlapped by the gearbox 14 and / or the gearbox 13.

[0035] The drive unit 1 has a first coupling device 15 associated with the first vehicle wheel 11 and the first electric machine 2, which is switchable between a first coupling state and a first decoupling state. In the first coupling state, the first rotor 3 is coupled to the first vehicle wheel 11 by means of the first coupling device 15 in a torque-transmitting, and in particular rotationally fixed, manner. In the first decoupling state, the first vehicle wheel 11 is decoupled from the first rotor 3, so that no torques can be transmitted between the vehicle wheel 11 and the rotor 3 via the coupling device 15. The drive unit 1 has a second coupling device 16 associated with the second vehicle wheel 12 and the second electric machine 6, which is switchable between a second coupling state and a second decoupling state.In the second coupling state, the second rotor 7 is coupled to the second vehicle wheel 12 in a torque-transmitting manner, and in particular in a rotationally fixed manner, by means of the second coupling device 16. In the second decoupling state, the second vehicle wheel 12 is decoupled from the second rotor 7, so that no torques can be transmitted between the vehicle wheel 12 and the rotor 7 via the coupling device 16.

[0036] Out of Fig. 2. As can be seen from the example of the coupling device 15, it is evident that each coupling device 15, 16 has a synchronization unit 17, also referred to as a synchro unit, by means of which the rotational speed of the respective vehicle wheel 11, 12 can be adapted to the rotational speed of the respective rotor 3, 7. In other words, in order to couple the respective rotor 3, 7 to the respective associated vehicle wheel 11, 12 in a torque-transmitting, and in particular rotationally fixed manner, by means of the respective coupling device 15, 16, two respective components, in particular arranged coaxially to each other, are connected to each other in a torque-transmitting, and in particular rotationally fixed manner, by means of the respective coupling device 15, 16.In the respective decoupling state of the respective coupling device 15, 16, the respective components are decoupled from one another, in particular such that the respective components can rotate relative to one another. In particular, the components are arranged coaxially with respect to the respective machine axis of rotation 5, 9.In particular, when switching the respective coupling device 15, 16 from the respective decoupling state to the respective coupling state, the respective synchronization unit ensures that the rotational speed of a first of the respective components is adjusted to the rotational speed of a second of the respective components, so that, for example, the respective coupling device 15, 16 can be switched on, i.e., can be switched from the respective decoupling state to the respective coupling state, if the rotational speeds of the respective components are equal, i.e., if the rotational speed of the first of the respective components corresponds to the rotational speed of the second of the respective components.As long as there is a speed difference between the respective components, that is, as long as the speed of the first component differs from the speed of the second component, the respective synchro unit provides a blocking effect that prevents the coupling device 15, 16 from switching from its decoupling state to its coupling state. Such speed adjustment is already well known, for example, from manual transmissions.

[0037] The drive unit 1 also has a first parking lock 18 associated with the first vehicle wheel 11 and the first electric machine 2, which is switchable between a first locking state and a first release state. In the first locking state, the first rotor 3 is rotationally fixed by means of the first parking lock 18 with a Fig. The drive unit 1 is connected to a housing assembly 19, which is shown schematically and simply referred to as the housing. In the first release state, the parking lock 18 allows relative rotations between the rotor 3 and the housing assembly 19 about the machine axis of rotation 5, so that in the first release state the rotor 3 can be rotated, in particular freely, about the machine axis of rotation 5 relative to the housing assembly 19.

[0038] The drive unit 1 also has a second parking lock 20 associated with the second vehicle wheel 12 and the second electric machine 6, which is switchable between a second locking state and a second release state. In the second locking state, the rotor 7 is non-rotatably connected to the housing 19 by means of the second parking lock 20, so that the rotor 7 can no longer be rotated about the machine's axis of rotation 9 relative to the housing 19. In the second release state, the parking lock 20 allows relative rotations between the rotor 7 and the housing 19 about the machine's axis of rotation 9, so that the rotor 7 can be rotated, in particular freely, about the machine's axis of rotation 9 relative to the housing 19.If the parking lock 18 is in the first locked position, while the first coupling device 15 is in the first coupled position, then the rotor 3 and, via the rotor 3, the vehicle wheel 11 are connected to the housing 19 in a rotationally fixed manner, so that the vehicle wheel 11 can no longer be rotated relative to the housing 19. If the parking lock 20 is in the second locked position, while the second coupling device 16 is in the second coupled position, then the rotor 7 and, via the rotor 7, the vehicle wheel 12 are connected to the housing 19 in a rotationally fixed manner, so that the second vehicle wheel 12 can no longer be rotated relative to the housing 19.If the vehicle wheels 11 and 12 are connected to the housing assembly 19 in a rotationally fixed manner, the motor vehicle is secured against unwanted rolling away, which is particularly advantageous when the motor vehicle is parked on or at a slope, for example.

[0039] The drive unit 1 has a particularly large range of functions, since the coupling devices 15 and 16 can be switched between the decoupling states and the coupling states, and the parking locks 18 and 20 can be switched between the locking states and the release states.

[0040] In order to achieve this extensive range of functions in a particularly space-saving manner, the drive unit 1 has exactly one actuator 21, which is assigned to both the coupling devices 15 and 16 and the parking locks 18 and 20, and which is common to both the coupling devices 15 and 16 and the parking locks 18 and 20, by means of which both the coupling devices 15 and 16 can be switched between the coupling states and the decoupling states, and the parking locks 18 and 20 can be switched between the locking states and the unlocking states. Fig. Figure 1 shows that the actuator 21 is arranged at least partially between the electric machines 2 and 6 in the transverse direction of the vehicle and thus along the respective machine rotation axes 5, 9, so that, for example, the electric machine 2 is at least partially overlapped by the actuator 21 along the machine rotation axis 5 and behind the electric machine 6, and so that, for example, the electric machine 6 is at least partially overlapped by the actuator 21 along the machine rotation axis 9 and towards the electric machine 2. Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 it is evident that the actuator 21 has exactly one electric motor 22 with, in particular, exactly one third stator 23 and, in particular, exactly one runner as a third rotor 24, which can be driven by means of the third stator 23 and thereby rotated about a motor axis 25 ( Fig. 1) is rotatable and thus movable relative to the third stator 23. By rotating the third rotor 24 around the motor axis of rotation 25 and relative to the stator 23, both the coupling devices 15 and 16 between the coupling states and the decoupling states, as well as the parking locks 18 and 20 between the locking states and the enabling states, can be switched.

[0041] Out of Fig. In Figure 2, a component 26 is also visible, which is, for example, a housing part of the housing assembly 19. For example, the housing part is a housing cover of the housing assembly 19. It is evident that the electric motor 22 is held on the component 26, so that the rotor 24 can rotate about the element's axis of rotation 47 relative to the component 26.

[0042] Looks especially good Fig. Figures 1 to 3 show that the first coupling device 15 is assigned a first actuating element 27, by means of which the first actuating element 27 can be switched between the first coupling state and the first decoupling state by moving the first actuating element 27 relative to the housing device 19 and thus relative to the component 26. The second coupling device 16 is assigned a second actuating element 28, by means of which the second actuating element 28 can be switched between the second coupling state and the second decoupling state by moving the second actuating element 28 relative to the housing device 19 and thus relative to the component 26.The first parking lock 18 is assigned a third actuating element 29, by means of which the first parking lock 18 can be switched between the first locked state and the first unlocked state by moving the third actuating element 29 relative to the housing assembly 19 and thus relative to the component 26. Correspondingly, the second parking lock 20 is assigned a fourth actuating element 30, by means of which the second parking lock 20 can be switched between the second locked state and the second unlocked state by moving the fourth actuating element 30 relative to the housing assembly 19 and thus relative to the component 26.For example, the respective actuating element 29, 30 is or includes a respective locking cone which is movable relative to the housing device 19, in particular translationally, in order to switch between the respective locking state and the respective release state by means of the respective parking lock 18, 20.

[0043] Out of Fig. Figures 3 to 8 clearly show that the actuator 21, which includes, for example, the actuating elements 27, 28, 29 and 30, has a lever 31 in addition to the actuating elements 27, 28 and 30, which can be pivoted about a first pivot axis S1 relative to the component 26 and thus relative to the housing assembly 19. Fig. Figure 4 shows that the lever 31, as illustrated by arrow 32, is adjustable, in particular pivotable, within an adjustment range also referred to as a pivoting range, which includes a starting position A, an actuating position B, and an intermediate position Z of the lever 31 located between the starting position A and the actuating position B. The lever 31 can be pivoted in a first pivoting direction relative to the housing assembly 19, extending about the pivot axis S1 and illustrated by arrow 32, and thereby pivoted from the starting position A to the intermediate position Z and to the actuating position B.Furthermore, the lever 31 can be pivoted about the pivot axis S1 and relative to the housing assembly 19 in a second pivot direction opposite to the first pivot direction and extending about the pivot axis S1, illustrated by arrow 33, and thereby pivoted from the actuating position B to the intermediate position Z and to the initial position A. By pivoting the lever 31 about the pivot axis S1 and relative to the housing assembly 19, both the coupling devices 15 and 16 can be switched between the uncoupling and coupling states, and the parking locks 18 and 20 can be switched between the locked and unlocked states. The initial position A of the lever 31 causes the unlocked states of the parking locks 18 and 20 and the uncoupling states of the coupling devices 15 and 16. The actuating position B causes the locked states of the parking locks 18 and 20 and the coupling states of the coupling devices 15 and 16.The intermediate position Z causes the coupling states of the coupling devices 15 and 16, and the intermediate position Z causes the release states of the parking locks 18 and 20. Thus, if, for example, the lever 31 is pivoted about the pivot axis S1 relative to the housing device 19 in a first part of its pivot range, in particular pivoted back and forth, whereby the first part of the pivot range includes the initial position A of the lever 31 and the intermediate position Z of the lever 31, the coupling devices are actuated, thereby switching between the coupling states and the decoupling states, while the parking locks 18 and 20 remain open, that is, while the parking locks 18 and 20 remain in their release states. A second part of the pivot range of the lever 31 immediately follows the intermediate position Z towards the actuating position B and includes the actuating position B.Thus, if the lever 31 is pivoted about the pivot axis S1 relative to the housing device 19 in the second part of the pivot range, i.e. pivoted back and forth, the parking locks 18 and 20 are actuated, thereby switching between the release states and the locking states, while the coupling devices 15 and 16 remain closed, i.e., while the coupling devices 15 and 16 remain in the coupling states. Thus, for example, the following is provided: If the lever 31 is pivoted around the pivot axis S1 relative to the housing device 19 in the first pivot direction from the initial position A, which effects the coupling states of the coupling devices 15 and 16 and the locking states of the parking locks 18 and 20, and pivoted into the intermediate position Z, the coupling devices 15 and 16 are thereby switched from the decoupling states to the coupling states, while the parking locks 18 and 20 remain in the release states.If the lever 31 is pivoted about the pivot axis S1 relative to the housing device 19 in the first pivot direction beyond the intermediate position Z, so that the lever 31 is pivoted about the pivot axis S1 relative to the housing device 19 in the first pivot direction out of the intermediate position Z and into the actuating position B, the parking locks 18 and 20 are thereby switched from the release states to the locking states, while the coupling devices 15 and 16 remain in the coupling states.If the lever 31, which is initially in the actuating position B that effects the locking states and the coupling states, is pivoted out of the actuating position in the second pivoting direction around the pivot axis S1 relative to the housing device 19 and pivoted in the direction of or into the intermediate position Z, the parking locks 18 and 20 are thereby switched from the locking states to the release states, while the coupling devices 15 and 16 remain in the coupling states.If the lever 31 is pivoted further in the second pivot direction about the pivot axis S1 relative to the housing assembly 19, and thereby pivots beyond the intermediate position Z, so that, for example, the lever 31 is pivoted from the intermediate position Z to the initial position A about the pivot axis S1 in the second pivot direction relative to the housing assembly 19, the coupling devices 15 and 16 are switched from the coupled states to the uncoupled states, while the parking locks 18 and 20 remain in the release states. Thus, it is provided here that in the initial position A of the lever 31, the coupling devices 15 and 16 are simultaneously in the uncoupled states, while the parking locks 18 and 20 are simultaneously in the release states.In intermediate position Z, coupling devices 15 and 16 are simultaneously in the coupled states, while parking locks 18 and 20 are simultaneously in the released states. In operating position B, coupling devices 15 and 16 are simultaneously in the coupled states, while parking locks 18 and 20 are simultaneously in the locked states.

[0044] The lever 31 has a first operating range WB1, through which the lever 31, when pivoted about the pivot axis S1 and relative to the housing assembly 19, interacts simultaneously with the actuating elements 27 and 28, so that pivoting the lever 31 about the pivot axis S1 and relative to the housing assembly 19 can effect, in particular simultaneous, movements of the actuating elements 27 and 28, thereby allowing the coupling devices 15 and 16 to be switched between the coupled and uncoupled states. The first operating range WB1 has a first distance A1 to the pivot axis S1, which runs along a straight line G perpendicular to and intersecting the pivot axis S1.Furthermore, the lever 31 has a second operating range WB2, through which, when the lever 31 is pivoted about the pivot axis S1 relative to the housing assembly 19, it interacts simultaneously with the actuating elements 29 and 39, so that pivoting the lever 31 about the pivot axis S1, in particular simultaneous movements of the third actuating element 29 and the fourth actuating element 30 relative to the housing assembly 19, can be effected, with the parking locks 18 and 20 being switchable between the locked and unlocked states. The second operating range WB2 has a second distance A2 to the pivot axis S1 extending along the line G, wherein in this case the second distance A2 is greater than the first distance.As will be explained in more detail below, for example, the lever 31 is coupled to the electric motor 22 via a coupling area KB of the lever 31, so that, for example, the electric motor 22 can drive the coupling area KB of the lever 31 via its third rotor 24, and thus the lever 31, and can therefore pivot about the pivot axis S1 relative to the component 26 and thus relative to the housing assembly 19. If, for example, the lever 31 is pivoted about the pivot axis S1 relative to the housing assembly 19 by a first angle, the working area WB1 travels a first path, the working area WB2 a second path, and the coupling area KB a third path, with each path following a respective circle whose center lies on the pivot axis S1.The first path is illustrated by a double arrow 34, the second path by a double arrow 35, and the third path by a double arrow 36. The coupling area KB has a third distance running along the line G, which is greater than the first distance A1 and less than the second distance A2. Consequently, the second path is greater than the first path, the third path is greater than the first path, and the third path is less than the second path, so that the first path is less than the second path and less than the third path.

[0045] This allows the previously described operation of the parking locks 18 and 20 and the coupling devices 15 and 16 to be implemented in a space-saving manner.

[0046] The pivot axis S1 runs perpendicular to a first plane, which is, for example, the image plane of Fig. 4 coincides.

[0047] In the embodiment shown in the figures, the first actuating element 27 is a first switching rocker arm which is pivotable and thus movable about a second pivot axis S2 relative to the component 26 and thus relative to the housing assembly 19. The second pivot axis S2 is perpendicular to a second plane, which is perpendicular to the first plane. The second actuating element 28 is a second switching rocker arm which is pivotable about a third pivot axis S3 relative to the component 26 and thus relative to the housing assembly 19. The third pivot axis S3 is parallel to the pivot axis S2 and spaced apart from the pivot axis S2, such that the third pivot axis S3 is perpendicular to the second plane.

[0048] The third actuating element 29 is translationally movable, i.e., displaceable, along a straight first axis of motion BA relative to the housing assembly 19, wherein the first axis of motion BA1 runs perpendicular to a third plane. The third plane runs perpendicular to the first plane and perpendicular to the second plane. The fourth actuating element 30 is translationally movable, i.e., displaceable, along a second straight axis of motion BA2 relative to the housing assembly 19. The axis of motion BA2 runs parallel to the axis of motion BA1 and is spaced apart from the axis of motion BA1. Thus, the axis of motion BA2 runs perpendicular to the third plane. The characteristic that the respective axes of motion BA1 and BA2 are straight means that the respective axes of motion BA1 and BA2 run along a straight line that is perpendicular to the third plane.

[0049] In the embodiment shown in the figures, the respective actuating element 29, 30 is or comprises a respective locking cone, simply referred to as a cone, which is conical in at least one length region.

[0050] Each parking lock 18, 20, for example, has a parking lock wheel. The parking lock wheel of parking lock 18 is connected to the first rotor 3 in a torque-transmitting manner, and in particular in a rotationally fixed manner. The parking lock wheel of parking lock 20 is connected to the rotor 7 in a torque-transmitting manner, and in particular in a rotationally fixed manner. The parking lock wheel of parking lock 18 is also referred to as the first parking lock wheel. The parking lock wheel of parking lock 20 is also referred to as the second parking lock wheel. Parking lock 18 has a first locking element 37 associated with the first parking lock wheel, which is a first pawl. Parking lock 20 has a second locking element 38 associated with the second parking lock wheel, which in this case is, for example, a second pawl. The respective locking element 37, 38 is movable relative to the housing device 19 between at least one respective locking position and at least one respective release position, in particular pivotable.The locking position of the locking element 37 effects the first locking state, and the release position of the locking element 37 effects the first release state. The locking position of the locking element 38 effects the second locking state, and the release position of the locking element 38 effects the second release state. In each locking position, the respective locking element 37, 38 interacts, in particular positively, with the respective corresponding parking lock wheel, thereby connecting the respective rotor 3, 7 to the housing assembly 19 in a rotationally fixed manner. In each release position, the respective locking element 37, 38 does not interact with the respective associated parking lock wheel, thereby allowing the respective rotor 3, 7 to rotate freely about the respective machine axis of rotation 5, 9 relative to the housing assembly 19.

[0051] If the respective actuating element 29, 30 is moved into a respective first sliding direction relative to the component 26 and thus relative to the housing assembly 19, which coincides with or runs parallel to the respective axis of movement BA1, BA2, then a respective movement of the respective locking element 37, 38 from the respective release position to the respective locking position can be effected or is effected.If the respective actuating element 29, 30 is pushed or moved in a respective second sliding direction opposite to the respective first sliding direction and coinciding with or running parallel to the respective axis of movement BA1, BA2 relative to the respective axis of movement BA1, BA2 relative to the component 26 and thus relative to the housing assembly 19, then a respective movement of the respective associated locking element 37, 38 from the respective locking position to the respective release position can be effected or is effected, in particular by allowing a respective movement of the respective locking element 37, 38 from the respective locking position to the respective release position.

[0052] The respective actuating element 29, 30 can be moved relative to the housing assembly 19 in the respective first sliding direction by pivoting or turning the lever 31 in the first pivoting direction from the intermediate position Z to the actuating position B relative to the housing assembly 19 about the pivot axis S1. The respective actuating element 29, 30 can be moved, i.e., shifted, in the respective second sliding direction by pivoting or turning the lever 31 in the second pivoting direction from the actuating position B to the intermediate position Z about the pivot axis S1 relative to the housing assembly 19. For this purpose, for example, the lever 31 is coupled to the actuating elements 29, 30 simultaneously in its effective range WB2.

[0053] Looks especially good Fig. Figures 5 to 8 show that a first spring element 39 is associated with the first actuating element 27. A second spring element 40 is associated with the second actuating element 28. The respective spring elements 39 and 40 are designed as solid bodies and are therefore mechanical springs. The respective spring elements 39 and 40 are supported, at least indirectly, and in particular directly, on the component 26 and, at least indirectly, and in particular directly, on the respective associated actuating element 27 or 28. The respective actuating element 27 or 28 is pivotable relative to the component 26, and thus relative to the housing assembly 19, about the respective pivot axis S2 or S3 between at least one coupling position, which effects the respective coupling state of the respective coupling assembly 15 or 16, and at least one decoupling position, which effects the respective decoupling state of the respective coupling assembly 15 or 16.

[0054] In the respective decoupling state of the respective coupling device 15, 16, and thus in the respective decoupling position of the respective actuating element 27, 28, the respective spring element 39, 40 is tensioned, whereby the respective spring element 39, 40 provides a respective spring force in the respective decoupling state and thus in the respective decoupling position, which acts at least indirectly, and in particular directly, on the respective associated actuating element 27, 28. As will be explained in more detail below, the respective actuating element 27, 28 can be pivoted from the respective decoupling position to the respective coupling position about the respective pivot axis S2, S3 relative to the component 26 by means of the respective spring force of the respective spring element 39, 40, thereby allowing the respective coupling device 15, 16 to be switched from the respective decoupling state to the respective coupling state.

[0055] Looks especially good Fig. 5 and Fig. Figure 6 shows that a coupling element 41, 42 protrudes from each actuating element 27, 28. At least in the initial position A, and for example when the lever 31 is pivoted from the intermediate position Z to the initial position A, the lever 31 interacts with the coupling elements 41 and 42 via its effective range WB1, and via these with the actuating elements 27 and 28, whereby, during its movement or travel from the intermediate position Z to the initial position A, the lever 31 moves the actuating elements 27 and 28 from the coupled positions to the decoupling positions via the coupling elements 41 and 42 against the spring force of the spring elements 39 and 40, and in this case, pushes them. This means that in the initial position A, the actuating elements 27 and 28 are supported on the lever 31 via the coupling elements 41 and 42 against the spring forces of the spring elements 39 and 40 and are thus held in the decoupling positions.When lever 31 is moved from the initial position A to the intermediate position Z, it allows at least partial relaxation of the spring elements 39 and 40, whereby the spring forces of these elements move the actuating elements 27 and 28 from the decoupling positions to the coupling positions, or at least in the direction of the coupling positions, in particular by pushing them. If, for example, due to a speed difference between the respective components, the respective synchro unit provides its respective locking effect while lever 31 is pivoted from the initial position A via the intermediate position Z to the actuating position B, the coupling devices 15 and 16 cannot be switched on, i.e., cannot be switched into the coupling states, until the speeds of the respective components are equal.It is conceivable that, on its way to the actuating position B, the lever 31 lifts off the coupling elements 41 and 42 and thus off the actuating elements 27 and 28, so that there is no longer any contact between the lever 31 and the coupling elements 41 and 42. In the initial position A, there is contact between the lever 31 and the respective coupling elements 41 and 42, whereby the actuating elements 27 and 28 are held in the decoupled positions against the spring forces via the coupling elements 41 and 42. For example, after the lever 31 has been lifted from the coupling elements 41 and 42, the spring forces of the spring elements 39 and 40 can then, when speed equality between the respective components has been set, i.e. achieved, by means of the respective synchro unit, move the actuating elements 27, 28 completely into the coupling positions, thereby switching the coupling devices 15 and 16, i.e. switching them into the coupling states.Thus, for example, the parking locks 18 and 20 can be operated by means of the lever 31, while the synchro units still provide their locking effects and the aforementioned speed adjustment is still taking place.

[0056] To avoid unfavorable states of the drive unit 1, the following can be provided: If, for example, the motor vehicle initially travels at a speed, also simply referred to as speed, which is greater than or equal to a threshold value greater than zero, and while the parking locks 18 and 20 are in their release states and the coupling devices 15 and 16 are in their decoupling states, and then the driving speed drops to a value which is less than the threshold value and, for example, greater than zero, then the coupling devices 15 and 16 are closed by corresponding pivoting of the lever 31, thus switching from the decoupling states to the coupling states, while the parking locks 18 and 20 are still open, thus remaining in the release states.If the vehicle speed then drops further, to the point of zero, the parking locks 18 and 20 can be closed by pivoting lever 31 accordingly, thus switching them from the release to the locked states, while the coupling devices 15 and 16 remain closed, thus remaining in the coupled states. Consequently, the stationary vehicle can be secured against unwanted rolling away.If, for example, the initially stationary vehicle is then started moving, with the lever 31 initially in the actuating position B, the parking locks 18 and 20 are switched from the locked states to the released states, for example by pivoting the lever 31 accordingly, while the coupling devices 15 and 16 remain closed, i.e., in the coupled state, so that, for example, the initially stationary vehicle can be started moving. In order to then drive the vehicle in an energy-efficient manner, the coupling devices 15 and 16 are then switched to the decoupling states, and the vehicle can be driven, for example, by driving the wheels of the other axle, in particular purely electrically.Thus, for example, in the coupled states of the coupling devices 15 and 16, a four-wheel drive, in particular an all-wheel drive, of the motor vehicle can be activated, i.e., switched on. In the uncoupled states of the coupling devices 15 and 16, for example, the four-wheel or all-wheel drive is switched off, thereby activating, for example, a two-wheel drive of the motor vehicle.

[0057] Looks especially good Fig. Figures 5 to 8 show that the actuator 21 has a first screw element 43 with a first thread 44, which in this case is designed as an external thread. Furthermore, the actuator 21 has a second screw element 45, which has a second thread 46 corresponding to the first thread 44 ( Fig. 8) exhibits. The thread 46 is an internal thread. The threads 44 and 46 are screwed directly together, such that the thread 44, and thus the screw element 43, is screwed into the thread 46, and thus into the screw element 45. The screw element 43 can be driven by the electric motor 22 and is therefore rotatable about an element rotation axis 47 relative to the component 26 and relative to the housing assembly 19, and also relative to the screw element 45, which is secured, for example, against rotations about the element rotation axis 47 and relative to the housing assembly 19.The electric motor 22 can drive the screw element 43 via its rotor 24 in such a way that the screw element 43 is optionally rotated or rotatable either in a first direction of rotation around the element's axis of rotation 47 relative to the housing device 19 and relative to the screw element 45, or in a second direction of rotation opposite to the first direction of rotation around the element's axis of rotation 47 relative to the housing device 19 and relative to the screw element 45.

[0058] Since the threads 44 and 46 are screwed together, particularly directly, rotations of the first screw element 43 about the element's axis of rotation 47 and relative to the housing assembly 19 and relative to the screw element 45 can be converted into displacements of the second screw element 45 along the element's axis of rotation 47 and relative to the housing assembly 19. Thus, if, for example, the screw element 43 is rotated in the first direction of rotation, the screw element 45 is thereby displaced along the element's axis of rotation 47 in a first actuation direction relative to the housing assembly 19, the first actuation direction being illustrated by an arrow 48.For example, if the screw element 43 is rotated in the second direction, the screw element 45 is thereby displaced along the element's axis of rotation 47 in a second direction of actuation opposite to the first direction of actuation relative to the component 26 and thus relative to the housing assembly 19, the second direction of actuation being illustrated by an arrow 49. The screw element 45 is coupled to the lever 31, so that by displacing the second screw element 45 along the element's axis of rotation 47 and relative to the housing assembly 19, the lever 31 can be pivoted about the pivot axis S1 relative to the housing assembly 19.By moving the screw element 45 in the first direction of actuation, the lever 31 can be pivoted in the first direction of rotation, thus moving from the initial position A to the intermediate position Z, and from the intermediate position Z to the actuation position B, and thus from the initial position A via the intermediate position Z to the actuation position B. By moving the screw element 45 in the second direction of actuation, the lever 31 can be pivoted or turned about the pivot axis S1 in the second direction of rotation, thus moving from the actuation position B to the intermediate position Z, and from the intermediate position Z to the initial position A, and thus from the actuation position B via the intermediate position Z to the initial position A. This allows both the parking locks 18 and 20 and the coupling devices 15 and 16 to be actuated, i.e., switched, as required in a particularly space-saving manner.

[0059] Furthermore, the drive unit 1, in particular the parking locks 18 and 20 and the coupling devices 15 and 16, can be monitored particularly advantageously. For this purpose, for example, four sensors 50, 51, 52 and 53 ( Fig.2) provided. The sensor 50 can, for example, detect the coupled position and / or the decoupling position of the actuating element 27. The sensor 51 can, for example, detect the coupled position and / or the decoupling position of the actuating element 28. Thus, the sensor 50 can, for example, detect whether the actuating element 27 is in its coupled position or its decoupling position. Furthermore, the sensor 51 can, for example, detect whether the actuating element 28 is in its coupled position or its decoupling position. Thus, the respective sensors 50 and 51 can detect whether the respective coupling device 15 and 16 are in their respective coupled or decoupling states.

[0060] Sensor 52 can, for example, detect the locked position and / or the unlocked position of actuator 29. Sensor 53 can, for example, detect the locked position and / or the unlocked position of actuator 30. Thus, sensor 52 can detect whether actuator 29 is in its locked or unlocked position. Furthermore, sensor 53 can detect whether actuator 30 is in its locked and / or unlocked position. Therefore, sensors 52 and 53 can detect whether the respective parking lock 18 and 20 are in their locked or unlocked state.

[0061] Alternatively, sensor 52 can be used to detect, for example, the coupled position and / or the decoupling position of actuating element 27. Sensor 53 can be used to detect, for example, the coupled position and / or the decoupling position of actuating element 28. Thus, sensor 52 can detect whether actuating element 27 is in its coupled or decoupling position. Furthermore, sensor 53 can detect whether actuating element 28 is in its coupled or decoupling position. Therefore, sensors 52 and 53 can detect whether the respective coupling devices 15 and 16 are in their respective coupled or decoupling states. Reference symbol list 1 Drive unit 2 first electric machine 3 first rotor 4 first stator 5 first machine axis 6 second electric machine 7 second rotor 8 second stator 9 second machine axis 10 vehicle axle 11 first vehicle wheel 12 second vehicle wheel 13 first gearbox 14 second gearbox 15 first coupling device 16 second coupling device 17 Synchronization unit 18 first parking closure 19 Housing design 20 second parking closure 21 Actuator 22 Electric motor 23 third stator 24 third rotor 25 Machine rotary axis 26 Component 27 first actuating element 28 second actuating element 29 third actuating element 30 fourth actuating element 31 levers 32 Arrow 33 Arrow 34 Double Arrow 35 Double Arrow 36 Double Arrow 37 Locking element 38 Locking element 39 Spring element 40 spring element 41 Coupling element 42 coupling element 43 first screw element 44 first thread 45 second screw element 46 second thread 47 Element rotation axis 48 Arrow 49 Arrow 50 Sensor 51 Sensor 52 Sensor 53 Sensor 54 Double Arrow BA1 axis of movement BA2 axis of movement A Starting position Z Intermediate position B Actuation position WB1 first area of ​​effect WB2 second area of ​​effect KB coupling area G Straight A1 first distance A2 second distance S1 first pivot axis S2 second pivot axis S3 third pivot axis

Claims

[1] Drive unit (1) for a motor vehicle, comprising: - a first electric machine (2) which has a first rotor (3) via which a first vehicle wheel (11) of a vehicle axle (10) of the motor vehicle can be driven by means of the first electric machine (2); - a second electric machine (6) which has a second rotor (7) via which a second vehicle wheel (12) of the vehicle axle (10) can be driven by means of the second electric machine (6); - a first coupling device (15) associated with the first vehicle wheel (11) and the first electric machine (2), which is switchable between: o a first coupling state in which the first rotor (3) is torque-transmittingly coupled to the first vehicle wheel (11) by means of the first coupling device (15); and o a first decoupling state in which the first vehicle wheel (11) is decoupled from the first rotor (3); - a second coupling device (16) associated with the second vehicle wheel (12) and the second electric machine (6), which is switchable between: a second coupling state in which the second rotor (7) is torque-transmittingly coupled to the second vehicle wheel (12) by means of the second coupling device (16); and o a second decoupling state in which the second vehicle wheel (12) is decoupled from the second rotor (7); - a first parking lock (18) assigned to the first vehicle wheel (11) and the first electric motor (2), which is switchable between: o a first locking state in which the first rotor (3) is non-rotatably connected to a housing assembly (19) of the drive unit (1) by means of the first parking lock (18), so that in the first locking state and in the first coupling state the first rotor (3) and, via the first rotor (3), the first vehicle wheel (11) are non-rotatably connected to the housing assembly (19) by means of the first parking lock (18); and o a first release state in which the first parking lock (18) allows relative rotations between the first rotor (3) and the housing device (19); - a second parking lock (20) assigned to the second vehicle wheel (12) and the second electric motor (6), which is switchable between: a second locking state in which the second rotor (7) is non-rotatably connected to the housing assembly (19) by means of the second parking lock (20), so that in the second locking state and in the second coupling state the second rotor (7) and, via the second rotor (7), the second vehicle wheel (12) are non-rotatably connected to the housing assembly (19) by means of the second parking lock (20); and a second release state in which the second parking lock (20) allows relative rotations between the second rotor (7) and the housing assembly (19); and - exactly one actuator (21) common to the coupling devices (15, 16) and the parking locks (18, 20), by means of which both the coupling devices (15, 16) can be switched between the coupling states and the decoupling states, and the parking locks (18, 20) can be switched between the locking states and the enabling states. [2] Drive device (1) according to claim 1, characterized by, that the actuator (21) has exactly one electric motor (22) with a stator (23) and a rotor (24) which is movable relative to the stator (23), whereby both the coupling devices (15, 16) between the coupling states and the decoupling states and the parking locks (18, 20) between the locking states and the enabling states can be switched. [3] Drive device (1) according to claim 2, characterized by , that the runner (24) is a third rotor (24) which is rotatable about a motor rotation axis (25) relative to the stator (23), whereby both the coupling devices (15, 16) between the coupling states and the decoupling states and the parking locks (18, 20) between the locking states and the enabling states can be switched. [4] Drive device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that: - the first coupling device (15) is assigned a first actuating element (27) by means of which the first coupling device (15) can be switched between the first coupling state and the first decoupling state by moving the first actuating element (27) relative to the housing device (19); - a second actuating element (28) is assigned to the second coupling device (16), by means of which the second coupling device (16) can be switched between the second coupling state and the second decoupling state by moving the second actuating element (28) relative to the housing device (19); - a third actuating element (29) is assigned to the first parking lock (18), by means of which the first parking lock (18) can be switched between the first locking state and the first release state by moving the third actuating element (29) relative to the housing device (19); - a fourth actuating element (30) is assigned to the second parking lock (20), by means of which the second parking lock (20) can be switched between the second locking state and the second release state by moving the fourth actuating element (30) relative to the housing device (19); - the actuator (21) has a lever that can be pivoted about a pivot axis (S1) relative to the housing device (19), which has: a first operating range (WB1) over which the lever (31) interacts simultaneously with the first actuating element (27) and the second actuating element (28), at least when pivoting the lever (31) about the pivot axis (S1) and relative to the housing device (19), such that pivoting the lever (31) about the pivot axis (S1) causes a respective movement of the first actuating element (27) and the second actuating element (28) relative to the housing device (19), thereby allowing the first coupling device (15) and the second coupling device (16) to be switched between the coupling states and the decoupling states, wherein the first operating range (WB1) has a first distance (A1) to the pivot axis (S1) extending along a straight line (G) perpendicular to and intersecting the pivot axis (S1); and a second operating area (WB2) through which the lever (31) interacts simultaneously with the third actuating element (29) and the fourth actuating element (30), at least when pivoting the lever (31) about the pivot axis (S1) and relative to the housing device (19), so that by pivoting the lever (31) about the pivot axis (S1) a respective movement of the third actuating element (29) and the fourth actuating element (30) relative to the housing device (19) can be effected, whereby the first parking lock (18) and the second parking lock (20) can be switched between the locking states and the release states, wherein the second operating area (WB2) has a second distance (A2) to the pivot axis (S1) running along the line (G) and different from the first distance (A1). [5] Drive device (1) according to claim 4, characterized by, that the second distance (A2) is greater than the first distance (A1). [6] Drive device (1) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized by , that the pivot axis (S1) is the first pivot axis (S1) and runs perpendicular to a first plane. [7] Drive device (1) according to claim 6, characterized by , that: - the first actuating element (27) is pivotable relative to the housing device (19) about a second pivot axis (S2) and is therefore movable; - the second pivot axis (S2) runs perpendicular to a second plane, which runs perpendicular to the first plane; and - the second actuating element (28) is pivotable and thus movable relative to the housing assembly (19) about a third pivot axis (S3), which runs parallel to the second pivot axis (S2). [8] Drive device (1) according to claim 7, characterized by , that: - a first spring element (39) is assigned to the first actuating element (27), which in the first decoupling state provides a spring force by means of which the first actuating element (27) can be pivoted about the second pivot axis (S2) relative to the housing device (19), whereby the first coupling device (15) can be switched from the first decoupling state to the first coupling state; and - a second spring element (40) is assigned to the second actuating element (28), which in the second decoupling state provides a spring force by means of which the second actuating element (28) can be pivoted about the third pivot axis (S3) relative to the housing device (19), whereby the second coupling device (16) can be switched from the second decoupling state to the second coupling state. [9] Drive device (1) according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized by , that: - the third actuating element (29) is translationally movable along a straight first axis of movement (BA1) relative to the housing assembly (19); - the first axis of motion (BA1) is perpendicular to a third plane, which is perpendicular to the first plane; and - the fourth actuating element (30) is translationally movable along a straight second axis of movement (BA2) parallel to the first axis of movement (BA1) relative to the housing assembly (19). [10] Drive device (1) according to claim 9 in reference to claim 7 or 8, characterized by that the second plane runs perpendicular to the third plane. [11] Drive device (1) according to any one of claims 4 to 10 with reference to claim 3, characterized by , that: - the actuator (21) has a first screw element (43) which has a first thread (44) and can be driven by the third rotor (24) and is therefore rotatable about an element rotation axis (47) relative to the housing device (19); - the actuator (21) has a second screw element (45) which has a second thread (46) corresponding to the first thread (44) and which is screwed to the first thread (44), so that rotations of the first screw element (43) about the element's axis of rotation (47) and relative to the second screw element (45) and relative to the housing assembly (19) can be converted into displacements of the second screw element (45) along the element's axis of rotation (47) and relative to the housing assembly (19); and - the second screw element (45) is coupled to the lever (31) so that by moving the second screw element (45) along the element rotation axis (47) and relative to the housing device (19) the lever (31) can be pivoted about the pivot axis (S1) relative to the housing device (19). [12] Motor vehicle, with a drive unit (1) according to any of the preceding claims.

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