Single-pole electrical connector system

Abstract

The invention relates to a single-pole connector system consisting of a connector and a mating connector, wherein the connector comprises a connector housing, a connector contact seal, and a connector contact element, and wherein the mating connector comprises a mating connector housing, a mating connector contact seal, a mating connector touch guard, and a mating connector contact element. The connector contact seal engages functionally with a connector sealing spring, such that the connector contact seal is displaceable within the connector housing in the insertion direction against a force exerted by the connector sealing spring.Furthermore, the mating connector contact seal is in functional engagement with a mating connector sealing spring, so that the mating connector contact seal is displaceable within the mating connector housing in the mating direction against a force of the mating connector sealing spring.

Description

The invention is based on a single-pole electrical plug connector system according to the preamble of independent claim 1.Plug connector systems of this type are required in order to ensure reliable electrical contact between working tools in harsh environments, for example for trucks, or in tractors and working machines on agricultural fields, forest areas, quarries, but also in industrial environments such as manufacturing halls and workshops. In particular, plug connector systems of this type are required for heavy, mobile work machines with work units operated with direct current.Prior ArtConnector systems for harsh environments are typically provided with dust caps. These dust caps are often provided with loss protections in order not to have to be stored separately when using the plug connector system and in the process possibly to be lost.Alternatively, there are plug connector systems which have a spring force-actuated cap integrated on the housing of the plug connector and / or of the mating plug connector, which cap is automatically closed as soon as the plug connector system is not used.An example of such connector systems is US 4,061,407 A, which discloses an electrical connector arrangement having a plug and a socket, the socket having a cover which is directed by a spring in a closed direction, the cover holding the plug in the connected state in the direction of the socket.A disadvantage of known plug connector systems is the use of external components, such as a spring-actuated external cover cap, or simple rubber grommets and / or plastic caps. On the one hand, these caps can easily be lost. On the other hand, such caps are quickly damaged, logically losing their ability to protect the components of the connector system from ingress of foreign media such as dirt, dust, fluids or the like.Object Setting Up To AchieveThe object of the invention is to offer a plug connector system with a simple locking mechanism which seals off automatically with respect to foreign media. A further object of the invention is to provide a plug connector and a mating plug connector for such a plug connector system.The object is achieved by the subject matter of independent claim 1.The invention is based on a single-pole plug connector system consisting of a plug connector and a mating plug connector, wherein the plug connector has a plug connector housing, a plug connector contact seal and a plug connector contact element, and wherein the mating plug connector has a mating plug connector housing, a mating plug connector contact seal, a mating plug connector contact protection and a mating plug connector contact element. In this case, the plug connector contact seal is in functional engagement with a plug connector sealing spring, such that the plug connector contact seal is arranged inside the plug connector housing such that it can be displaced in the plug-in direction counter to a force of the plug connector sealing spring. Furthermore, the mating connector contact seal is in functional engagement with a mating connector sealing spring, such that the mating connector contact seal is arranged inside the mating connector housing such that it can be displaced in the mating connector direction counter to a force of the mating connector sealing spring.The terms "connector" and "mating connector" are chosen to explain two different connectors within the connector system. All properties of the mating plug connector can apply to the plug connector, and vice versa, provided that a reasonable correspondence of plug connector and mating plug connector is ensured.The "housings", both the plug connector housing and the mating plug connector housing, are aligned to accommodate the contact elements, i.e. the plug connector contact element and the mating plug connector contact element, therein. According to the invention, the housings are oriented to completely surround the contact elements along their longitudinal orientation.The term "contact element" is understood to mean electrically conductive elements which can be brought into corresponding engagement with one another and are each connected to an electrical conductor, preferably an electrically conductive cable. In the following, terms such as "contact side" or "cable side" are used with reference to the contact elements. Here, "contact-side" means the side of a contact element which can be brought into an electrically conductive connection with a corresponding contact element. The side opposite the "contact side" is referred to as the "cable side", i.e. to which an electrical conductor, such as an electrically conductive cable, is connected.As a "contact seal", sealing elements are provided which seal a contact essentially from foreign media. According to the invention, the contact seals mentioned cooperate at least with the respective housing in order to achieve the desired sealing.The term "sealing spring" means spring elements which are designed to return the respective contact seal of the plug connector or of the mating plug connector to a provided starting position. As soon as the respective sealing spring, i.e. the plug connector sealing spring, or the mating plug connector sealing spring is not acted upon by a defined force counter to the plug-in direction (in the case of the plug connector sealing spring) or counter-plug-in direction (in the case of the mating plug connector sealing spring), the sealing spring forces the associated contact spring in the plug-in direction, as far as the end of a housing. More specifically, the connector seal spring urges the connector contact seal toward a mating end of the connector housing in the mating direction. Here, the connector contact seal moved by the connector sealing spring seals the connector contact element against foreign media. Preferably, an approximately flush end face is formed here at the plug-side end of the plug connector housing with the plug connector sealing element. Analogously, the mating connector sealing spring forces the mating connector contact seal in the mating plug direction toward a plug-side end of the mating connector housing. The mating connector contact seal moved by the mating connector sealing spring correspondingly seals the mating connector contact element against foreign media. Preferably, an approximately flush end face is formed at the plug-side end of the mating connector housing with the mating connector sealing element and the mating connector touch protection. According to the invention, in the unmated state of the plug connector, the plug connector sealing spring acts with a force of greater than or equal to 10 Newton (N), better with a force of greater than or equal to 14.7 N, preferably with a force of greater than or equal to 30 N, alternatively with a force of greater than or equal to 50 N in the plug-in direction. In order to meet a norming against accidental contact, a force of 20 N is required in order to displace the plug connector sealing element in the opposite plug-in direction. As a result, the seal remains securely closed and protects the plug connector against an undesired ingress of foreign media until a plug-in process with a corresponding mating plug connector is initiated. According to the invention, the mating connector sealing spring acts in the mating connector direction with a force of greater than or equal to 10 N, more preferably with a force of greater than or equal to 14.7 N, preferably with a force of greater than or equal to 30 N, alternatively with a force of greater than or equal to 50 N, in the unmated state of the mating connector. In order to meet a norming against accidental touching, a force of 20 N is required in order to displace the mating connector sealing element in the plug-in direction. As a result, the seal remains securely closed and protects the mating plug connector against undesired ingress of foreign media until a plug-in process with a corresponding plug connector is initiated.The term "mating connector touch protection" primarily means a device which is not electrically connected to a conductive element, whereby no electrical connection to an operator and / or a third person is established in the event of accidental or intentional touching of the mating connector. Preferably, such a touch protection is made of a non-conductive plastic. Alternatively, a non-conductive metal can also be used to fulfil touch protection. A material containing rubber can also be used in a convenient manner. Combinations of the materials mentioned are of course conceivable, such as plastic-coated metal elements, or rubber-coated plastic elements, or the like. The contact protection is preferably applied to a cylindrical part of a mating plug connector contact element.It is advantageously proposed that the plug connector sealing element and the mating plug connector sealing element are formed with shaped elements which ensure that the sealing elements close off the housing approximately flush. This means that a plug connector sealing element has, for example, a circumferential groove in which a plug connector contact element engages as soon as a desired end position of the plug connector sealing element along the plug connector housing, more precisely an end side on the end side in the plug-in direction, is reached. For the mating connector, this therefore means that a mating connector sealing element has, for example, a circumferential spring or a stop, which abuts an inner side of the mating connector housing as soon as a desired end position of the mating connector sealing element along the mating connector housing, more precisely an end side on the end side in the mating plug-in direction, is reached. According to the invention, the mating plug-in connector touch protection fits approximately flush into the arrangement of the mating plug-in connector sealing element and the end face of the mating plug-in connector.One embodiment provides that the plug connector contact element has a hollow cylindrical plug contact crimping region, an essentially hollow cylindrical plug contact contact region and a plug contact spring receptacle within the plug contact contact region. An electrical conductor is introduced in the plug contact crimping region and is pressed, i.e. crimped, there in an electrically contacting manner. The plug contact contact region is provided for contacting with a corresponding mating plug contact region. The proposed plug connector contact element is designed as a socket contact. The plug contact contact region has slots along the longitudinal axis, which allow elastic deformation. The slots can be parallel to the longitudinal axis. Alternatively, the slots can be parallel to a longitudinal plane. Particularly advantageously, the slots are designed to rotate in a manner facing from the longitudinal axis in the plug-in direction. The plug contact spring receptacle can be designed as a pin pointing in the plug-in direction. The outer diameter of the stud thereby corresponds substantially to the inner diameter of the plug connector sealing spring. Alternatively, the plug contact spring receptacle is designed as a concentric groove, wherein the groove width substantially corresponds to the thickness of the plug connector sealing spring. In addition, the plug contact spring receptacle is designed as a concentric recess, wherein the radius of the recess substantially corresponds to the outer diameter of the plug connector sealing spring. The plug contact spring receptacle ensures a secure fit of the plug connector sealing spring in the plug connector contact element, as a result of which a secure displacement of the plug connector contact seal is ensured.A further embodiment provides that the mating plug connector contact element has a hollow cylindrical mating plug contact crimping region and an essentially cylindrical mating plug contact contact region, wherein a mating plug contact touch protection receptacle is formed on the end side of the mating plug contact region in the mating plug direction, said mating plug contact touch protection receptacle being provided for receiving a mating plug connector touch protection. This mating plug-in connector touch protection is preferably pressed onto the mating plug-in connector contact element. Alternatively, the mating plug connector touch protection can be screwed into a mating plug contact touch protection receptacle designed as a thread. Furthermore, a cohesive connection, for example by adhesive bonding, of the mating plug contact touch protection on or on the mating plug connector touch protection receptacle is also provided.In an alternative embodiment, the mating plug connector contact element has a hollow cylindrical mating plug contact crimping region and an essentially hollow cylindrical mating plug contact contact region, wherein a mating plug contact touch protection receptacle is formed on the end side of the mating plug contact region in the mating plug direction, said mating plug contact touch protection receptacle being provided for receiving a mating plug connector touch protection. This mating plug-in connector touch protection is preferably pressed onto the mating plug-in connector contact element. Alternatively, the mating plug connector touch protection can be screwed into a mating plug contact touch protection receptacle designed as a thread. Furthermore, a cohesive connection, for example by adhesive bonding, of the mating plug contact touch protection on or on the mating plug connector touch protection receptacle is also provided.In a further developed embodiment, it is provided that the mating plug connector contact element further comprises at least one mating plug contact pin element within the hollow cylindrical mating plug contact region, wherein a corresponding plug connector contact element fits between the mating plug contact region and the mating plug contact pin element in an electrically contacting manner. In order to make reasonable and reliable use of such a contact-making form for rough working environments, it is furthermore proposed that transmission spring elements be used for contacting mating connector contact element and connector contact element. For this purpose, annular helical springs are frequently used in the prior art. Alternatively, ring-like contact strips of resilient design can be used.In a convenient embodiment, the connector housing is shaped such that it displaces the mating connector contact seal during a mating process. In this way, a secure plug-in process of the plug connector and mating plug connector is ensured, wherein the plug connector housing relieves the plug connector contact element to the extent that the force for displacing the mating plug connector contact seal acts on the plug connector housing, in order thereby to prevent damage to the plug connector contact element as far as possible.In a general embodiment, the mating connector contact protection is shaped in such a way that it displaces the connector contact seal during a plug-in process. In this way, a secure plug-in process of the plug connector and mating plug connector is ensured, wherein the mating plug connector contact protection protects the mating plug connector contact element to the extent that the force for displacing the plug connector contact seal from the mating plug connector contact protection acts, whereby possible damage to the mating plug connector contact element is largely prevented.A practical embodiment provides that the plug connector contact element is substantially designed as a socket contact and that the mating plug connector contact element is substantially designed as a pin contact or vice versa. In this context, a pin contact can also be formed as a pin contact with a concentric contact sleeve, wherein a particularly preferred contacting can take place by means of this embodiment. The socket contact can in this way be electrically conductively connected in its interior by the pin contact element, while at the same time an external contacting takes place by the concentric contact sleeve.A further developed embodiment proposes that the plug connector contact element has a plug contact contact contact shape at the end of the plug contact contact region in the plug-in direction, which ensures the contacting of the plug connector contact element with the mating plug connector contact element. Advantageously, a plug contact contact shape is designed as an inwardly directed, circumferential bead. The plug connector contact element, which is preferably designed as a socket, ideally has slots running longitudinally on the longitudinal side, which allow elastic deformation of the plug contact contact region, as a result of which the plug contact contact shape is used particularly advantageously for ensuring electrical contacting.Furthermore, one embodiment provides that the plug connector has a locking shape and the mating plug connector has a locking mechanism corresponding to the locking shape, or vice versa, wherein the locking mechanism is triggered in a locking manner by a first pressure in the plug-in direction. Such pressure locks are particularly suitable for a self-sealing solution. Particular preference is given to solutions which are locked under pressure and pull and released. By means of the pressure movement for locking, the contact seals, i.e. the plug connector contact seal and the mating plug connector contact seal, can be displaced according to the invention by the respective counterparts, i.e. the plug connector housing and the mating plug connector contact protection, so that electrical contacting of the plug connector contact element and of the mating plug connector contact element takes place. At the same time, the locking mechanism locks the plug connector to the mating plug connector in this contacting position. By means of a release mechanism, often designed as an unlocking sleeve in known solutions, the locking is released, so that the plug connector can be separated from the mating plug connector. In this case, the sealing springs, i.e. the plug connector sealing spring and the mating plug connector sealing spring, ensure that the contact seals are returned to the respective sealing position again. Such locking mechanisms are also referred to in the prior art as "push-pull locks".A particularly advantageous embodiment proposes that the locking mechanism is released from the locking form by a second pressure in the plug-in direction. In other words, the embodiment locks to a first pressure as described above and to a renewed, second pressure, the locking is released, so that the plug connector can be separated from the mating plug connector. In the prior art, such latches are also referred to as "ballpoint pen latch" or "push-push latch".A further object is achieved by a single-pole plug connector, having a plug connector housing and a plug connector contact element arranged in the plug connector housing, wherein the plug connector contact element has a plug contact crimping region on the end side counter to the plug-in direction and a plug contact contact region on the end side in the plug-in direction, wherein a plug connector contact seal is arranged on the plug contact region, which is displaced by a corresponding mating plug connector during a plug-in process. Such a plug connector has the advantage that it can be implemented in a simple and robust manner compared to a corresponding mating plug connector with a locking mechanism. Particularly in the field of agricultural environments, construction environments or environments of comparable roughness, it can be of particular advantage if a working implement which has to be supplied with electric current has an electrical connection which is designed in a simple manner. A corresponding mating connector can usually be constructed in a somewhat more complex manner, since it can be constructed as a mounting housing and the more complex construction can be introduced into a generator, a tractor, a truck, a wheel loader, an excavator or a similarly robust working machine. It is therefore proposed that the plug connector, as described above in the description of the plug connector system, is provided with a locking shape, while the mating plug connector is embodied to have a more complex structure, such as a locking mechanism described above in the description of the plug connector system.In a further developed embodiment, the plug connector contact element has a plug contact spring receptacle on or in the plug connector contact region, which receptacle is shaped to receive a plug connector sealing spring and wherein the plug connector contact seal interacts with the plug contact sealing spring. In this way, a simple and effective seal of the plug connector with respect to foreign media is achieved, wherein the seal, or a sealing cap, in this case the plug connector contact seal cannot be easily lost, damaged or removed. Furthermore, the plug connector contact seal is moved in the plug-in direction by the plug connector sealing spring as soon as a separation of the mating plug connector and the plug connector is carried out, whereby a particularly advantageous, quasi-permanent seal of the plug connector is achieved as soon as the plug connector is not in use.A further object is achieved by a single-pole mating plug connector, having a mating plug connector housing and a mating plug connector contact element arranged in the mating plug connector housing, wherein the mating plug connector contact element has a mating plug contact crimping region on the end side counter to the mating plug-in direction and a mating plug contact contact region on the end side in the mating plug-in direction, wherein a mating plug connector contact seal is arranged on the mating plug contact region, said mating plug connector contact seal being displaced by a corresponding plug connector during a plug-in process. Such a mating connector can advantageously be designed as a mounting housing, so that it can be of more complex design compared to a corresponding connector with a locking form, since the more complex structure can be introduced, for example, in the interior of a generator, a tractor, a truck, an excavator, a wheel loader or a similarly robust working machine. It therefore seems particularly expedient that the mating connector, as described above in the description of the connector system, is designed with a locking mechanism, while the connector uses a robust and simple construction.In a further developed embodiment, the mating connector contact element is held by a mating connector contact receptacle in the mating connector housing. The mating connector contact receptacle has a mating connector spring receptacle which is formed on or in the mating connector contact receptacle and is provided for receiving a mating connector sealing spring, wherein the mating connector contact seal interacts with the mating connector sealing spring. The mating connector contact receptacle can be screwed to the mating connector housing for fastening the mating connector contact element, wherein the mating connector housing can have a stop in order to fix the mating connector contact element in a desired position. The mating connector contact receptacle is advantageously designed with latching elements which interact with corresponding latching elements of the mating connector housing or vice versa, with the result that the mating connector contact element is held in the mating connector housing with a simple latching action. In this case, the mating plug connector contact receptacle is advantageously provided with a circumferential flange which is arranged between the interior of the mating plug connector housing and the outer circumference of the mating plug connector contact receptacle and thus functions as a mating plug contact spring receptacle. Alternatively, it is possible to form the mating plug contact spring receptacle as a concentric, encircling groove in an outer formation of the mating plug connector contact receptacle, into which the mating plug connector sealing spring fits.Furthermore, a method for producing a plug connection is disclosed, wherein a plug connector system has a plug connector with a plug connector contact seal and wherein a mating plug connector has a mating plug connector contact seal. During a plug-in process, the plug connector displaces a mating plug connector contact seal, wherein the mating plug connector displaces a plug connector contact seal during a plug-in process, wherein the displaced plug connector contact seal releases a plug connector contact element and wherein the displaced mating plug connector contact seal releases a mating plug connector contact element.A solution of a further object of the invention provides a single-pole plug connector system consisting of a plug connector and a mating plug connector, wherein the plug connector has a plug connector housing, a plug connector contact seal and a plug connector contact element, and wherein the mating plug connector has a mating plug connector housing, a mating plug connector contact seal, a mating plug connector contact protection and a mating plug connector contact element. In this case, the plug connector has a locking form and the mating plug connector has a locking mechanism, wherein the locking mechanism interacts with the locking form and wherein the locking mechanism is actuated by an actuation pressure in the plug-in direction, wherein the actuation pressure engages the locking mechanism with the locking form, whereby the plug connector is locked with the mating plug connector in an electrically conductive connection and wherein a release pressure in the plug-in direction releases the locking mechanism from the locking form. Of course, the mating connector may be provided with a locking shape, while the connector may be provided with a locking mechanism. In other words, the terms "plug connector" and "mating plug connector" can be applied substantially synonymous and serve primarily for improved readability.The term "locking form" means a forming element on the connector which is configured to be engaged with a locking mechanism to secure a connection between a connector and a mating connector against unintentional loosening of the connection. Locking forms are in particular grooves, springs, latching noses, latching hooks, bolts, bayonet locking grooves, bayonet locking bolts, cams, curved paths, extensions, or combinations of the aforementioned options. Other shapes are known to those skilled in the art and can certainly be transferred. A locking shape designed as a circumferential groove is particularly preferred.As a "locking mechanism", in principle any type of device is conceivable which can be brought into engagement with previously described locking forms, so that a plug connector and a mating plug connector secure with one another in the plugged position against accidental disconnection of the electrical connection.By "actuation pressure" is meant a plugging action, which preferably takes place up to a physical stop. The physical stop can be formed by limiting a spring travel of a plug connector sealing spring, or a mating plug connector sealing spring, or both. The actuating pressure is thus a pressure movement during a plug-in process up to a stop, wherein the locking mechanism engages in a locking form.By "release pressure" is meant a separation process, i.e. a renewed, second pressure, preferably up to a physical stop. A mechanism in the locking mechanism is changed over from a locking position to an open position by the release pressure, so that the locking mechanism no longer engages in the locking form in a fixing manner. After this release pressure, the plug connector and mating plug connector can be separated from one another by a simple pulling movement counter to the plug-in direction. Locking mechanisms which lock in the event of a first pressure in the plug-in direction, i.e. an actuating pressure, and release the lock again in the event of a second pressure in the plug-in direction, i.e. a release pressure, are also referred to as "push-push locking".In an advanced embodiment, the locking mechanism includes a lock changer, a lock housing, a rotation stop, and a lock spring.By "lock changer" is meant a part of the locking mechanism which, in combination with the lock housing, enables a change between locked and opened locking mechanisms. For this purpose, it is proposed to design the locking changer as a rigid, i.e. non-rotational movable element, for example as a sleeve-shaped, i.e. substantially hollow cylindrical component, which is preferably arranged in an above-arranged housing. The lock housing abuts or engages or penetrates the lock changer, or a combination of both, the lock changer.The "rotation stop" is designed substantially comparable to the locking changer as a hollow cylindrical, rigid, i.e. non-rotationally movable element, which is preferably arranged in a superordinate housing.In a useful embodiment, the locking changer has a replaceable toothing and the locking housing has a housing replaceable toothing corresponding to the replaceable toothing, wherein a locking spring forces the locking housing in the direction of the locking changer. Preferably, the alternating toothing and the housing alternating toothing are configured parallel to the central axis of the mating connector, i.e. the toothing each facing in the longitudinal direction on the end face.In a further embodiment, the rotation stop has a rotation toothing and the locking housing has a housing rotation toothing corresponding to the rotation toothing, wherein a pressing movement counter to the locking spring brings the rotation toothing into engagement with the housing rotation toothing in such a way that the locking housing is forced to rotate partially. The partial rotation is predetermined by a tooth width of the rotational toothing or of the housing rotational toothing or both. Preferably, the rotational toothing and the housing rotational toothing are configured parallel to the central axis of the mating connector, i.e. the toothing each facing in the longitudinal direction on the end face.A further developed embodiment proposes that the locking housing has a spring stop, on which the locking spring engages, so that the locking housing is forced in the direction of the locking changer. According to the invention, by first plugging in the plug connector and mating plug connector, a locking housing is thus removed from a locking changer. In this case, the housing rotational toothing and the rotational toothing engage with one another in such a way that a partial rotation of the locking housing is forced. As a result of this partial rotation, the alternating toothing and the housing of the alternating toothing come into an offset orientation with respect to one another. If the locking spring now merges the alternating toothing and the housing alternating toothing again, the toothings engage in one another in such a way that a complete alternating rotation takes place.Furthermore, an embodiment proposes that the locking changer is assigned a locking cage which, upon alternating rotation of the locking housing, forces locking elements located in the locking cage alternately into a locking form and releases them again. A locking cage is understood to mean both a single component and an assembly consisting of a plurality of components which are substantially separate from one another and which together fulfil the function.A further method provides that a plug connector is provided with a locking form and the mating plug connector is equipped with a locking mechanism, wherein the locking mechanism is brought into engagement with the locking form by a first actuating pressure in the plug-in direction or mating plug-in direction, that is to say secures the plug connector in the mating plug connector in an electrically contacting manner, and releases the locking form by the locking mechanism by a second actuating pressure in the plug-in direction or mating plug-in direction, such that the plug connector can be removed from the mating plug connector.A further developed embodiment opens up a single-pole plug connector system, having a plug connector and a mating plug connector, wherein a locking mechanism is arranged on the plug connector system and wherein a tear-off securing means is assigned to the locking mechanism, which securing means enables the locking mechanism to be released in the event of mechanical overloading, in particular by pulling counter to the plug-in direction.In one embodiment, the tear-off fuse releases the locking mechanism of the plug connector system upon the occurrence of mechanical overload in such a way that the plug connector and mating plug connector are substantially functionally separated from one another for further use. Ideally, the released tear-off securing means adjusts the locking mechanism in such a way that a new plugging-in process is possible without further preparation and / or resetting of the locking mechanism.In a skillful manner, one embodiment proposes that the tear-off securing means has a securing force storage means, in particular designed as a spring element. The tear-off securing means allows a locking cage to yield from the locking housing and / or the locking changer in the yielding direction, wherein the locking elements release a locking shape and thus allows a separation of the plug connector and mating plug connector.An embodiment proposes that the tear-off securing means at the plug-side end of the locking mechanism has a release sleeve which fixes the locking cage in the intended position on the locking mechanism and is held in this position by a securing force store.A further developed embodiment provides that the safety force storage device can be adjusted in its release force with a safety calibration. For this purpose, the securing calibration is substantially embodied as a flange with an inner winch, is arranged at a cable-side end of the locking mechanism and can be changed by the inner winch in its position along the locking mechanism by an external thread located thereon.In this case, one embodiment preferably provides that the securing force accumulator is arranged between the release sleeve and the locking housing and is designed as a circumferential spring. This embodiment thus offers the use of a secure, but cost-effective and robust possibility for the flexible embodiment of the tear-off fuse according to the invention.Alternatively, it is proposed that in one embodiment the safety force accumulator is designed as a circumferential helical spring ring, is arranged in a first groove in the locking mechanism and engages in a corresponding second groove in the release sleeve. For this purpose, obliquely running spiral springs can be used in a skillful manner, which are also known in the prior art as BalSeal springs. The securing force storage device, which is designed as a helical spring ring, deforms against the yielding direction under defined tensile load and thus releases the release sleeve in the plug-in direction.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims and the following description.Exemplary EmbodimentAn exemplary embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawings and is explained in more detail below. The following are shown: FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a plug connector; FIG. 2 shows a perspective illustration of a mating plug connector; FIG. 3 shows a sectional illustration along the longitudinal axis of a plug connector system; FIG. 4 shows a sectional illustration along the longitudinal axis of a plugged plug connector system; FIG. 5 shows a lateral illustration of a plug connector system with a locking mechanism in the starting position; FIG. 6 shows a lateral illustration of a plug connector system with a locking mechanism in the plugged position; FIG. 7 shows a perspective sectional illustration along the longitudinal axis of a plug connector system with tear-off securing in the locked state; FIG. 8 is a perspective sectional view along the longitudinal axis of a plug connector system with tear-off securing during a tear-off release process.The figures contain partly simplified schematic representations. In part, identical reference numerals are used for identical, but possibly non-identical, elements. Different views of like elements could be scaled differently. Directional indications such as, for example, "left", "right", "top" and "bottom" are to be understood with reference to the respective figure and can vary in the individual representations with respect to the object represented.FIG. 1 shows a plug connector 2 according to the invention in a particularly simple embodiment. The illustration shows a plug connector housing 20 and a plug connector contact seal 21 arranged on the plug-side end side.FIG. 2 shows a mating plug connector 3 according to the invention in a particularly simple embodiment corresponding to the plug connector 2. The illustration shows a mating connector housing 30, a mating connector contact seal 31 arranged on the mating connector-side end side and a mating connector contact protection 32 in the concentrically annular mating connector contact seal 31.FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section of a plug connector system 1 according to the invention, the structures of the plug connector 2 and of the mating plug connector 3 being made clear. In this case, an unmated state of plug connector 2 and mating plug connector 3 is first shown, wherein plug connector 2 is placed on mating plug connector 3 in such a way that a plug-in process can take place. In this case, the plug-side end face of the plug connector 2 is guided to the mating plug-side end face of the mating plug connector 3, with the result that the plug connector contact seal 21 is situated opposite the mating plug connector contact protection 32. The end face of the plug connector housing 20 abuts against the mating plug connector contact seal 31 in this case. a mating plug connector contact element 34 is furthermore provided with a mating plug connector contact protection 32 which terminates on the mating plug side substantially flush with the mating plug connector housing 30. It is clear here that the mating plug connector contact protection 32 corresponds to the plug connector contact seal 21 in such a way that the mating plug connector contact protection 32 is designed during a plug-in process to displace the plug connector contact seal 21 in the mating plug-in direction G against a spring force of the plug connector sealing spring 23. Similarly, the plug connector housing 20 is designed to displace the concentric mating plug connector contact seal 31 in the plug-in direction S against a force applied by a mating plug connection sealing spring 33. Furthermore, a simple structure of a plug connector 2 according to the invention is made clear. A spring-mounted connector contact seal 21, a connector contact element 22 and a connector sealing spring 23 which is arranged in the connector contact element 22 and interacts with the connector contact seal 21 are arranged within the connector housing 20. A plug connector sealing spring 23 forces the plug connector sealing element 21 in the plug-in direction S, so that it ends approximately flush with the end face of the plug connector housing 20. It is proposed here to provide a sealing element 6 in a shape and / or recess provided for this purpose in the plug-side end of the plug connector housing 20. In the non-plugged state shown, the sealing element 6 seals the interior of the plug connector housing 20 and thus the plug connector contact element 22 against foreign media. The sealing element 6 can be designed as a simple O-ring. The sealing element is preferably designed as a leaf seal or leaf seal ring, the leaves pointing in the direction of the plug connector contact seal 21. The simple structure of the mating connector 3 is also disclosed. The mating plug connector housing 30 accommodates at least one mating plug connector contact seal 31, which terminates on the mating plug side approximately flush with the mating plug connector housing 30, and likewise approximately flush with a mating plug connector contact protection 32. The mating plug connector contact seal 31 is pushed by a mating plug connector sealing spring 33 in the mating plug direction G, where at least one sealing element 6 in a form provided for this purpose in the mating plug connector housing 30 seals the mating plug connector contact seal 31 against foreign media in the unplugged state. It is furthermore proposed that the mating plug connector contact seal 31 is equipped with a sealing element 6 pointing inward in the direction of the mating plug connector contact protection 32. Alternatively, it is proposed that the mating plug-in connector touch protection 32 has an outwardly directed sealing element 6. The mating connector sealing spring 33 and a mating connector contact element 34 are held in the mating connector housing 30 by a mating connector contact receptacle 35.FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal section of a plug connector system 1 according to the invention, the superstructures of the plug connector 2 and of the mating plug connector 3 being made clear in a state in which they are plugged together. It is clear here how a plug connector 2 engages in a mating plug connector 3. Furthermore, it becomes clear how the plug connector contact element 22 is brought into an electrically conductive connection with the mating plug connector contact element 34 according to the invention. An electrical conductor, usually a cable, is introduced into a plug contact crimping region 220 and pressed or crimped there. Arranged at the end in the plug-in direction S, the plug connector contact element 22 has a plug contact contact region 221 which is designed to be connectable to a mating plug connector contact element 34. The embodiment shown shows the plug connector contact element 22 as a socket contact, that is to say the plug contact contact region 221 is substantially hollow-cylindrical. At the end side facing in the plug-in direction S, the plug contact contact region 221 is provided with a plug contact contact contact shape 223. The embodiment shown provides a bead pointing in the direction of the longitudinal axis, which makes contact with the mating connector contact element 34 in an improved manner. Within the plug contact contact region 221 formed as a hollow cylinder is a plug contact spring receptacle 222. The plug contact spring receptacle 222 is designed to receive the plug connector sealing spring 23. In a simple manner, the plug contact spring receptacle 222 can be designed as a bolt-like extension. The outer diameter of the extension corresponds in a convenient manner to the inner diameter of the plug connector sealing spring 23. alternatively, the plug contact spring receptacle 222 can be designed as a concentric groove into which the plug connector sealing spring 23 can be inserted. Within the mating connector 3, the mating connector contact element 34 is held in the mating connector housing 30 by a recess or a holding shape. The mating plug connector contact receptacle 35 furthermore has a mating plug contact spring receptacle 350. Facing counter-plug direction G, counter-plug connector contact element 34 is designed with a counter-plug contact crimping region 340, into which an electrical conductor, in particular a cable, is introduced, and pressed, or crimped, therein. Furthermore, the mating plug connector contact element 34 has a mating plug contact contact region 341. The mating plug contact contact region 341 is substantially designed as a pin contact, which can be inserted into the plug connector contact element 22 designed as a socket contact. The mating plug connector contact element 34 terminates, facing in the mating plug direction G, with a mating plug connector touch protection 32, which is held on the mating plug connector contact element 34 by a mating plug contact touch protection receptacle 342. In one embodiment, the mating plug contact touch protection receptacle 342 is designed as a thread which interacts with a corresponding thread of the touch protection 32. Preferably, the mating plug contact touch protection receptacle 342 is designed as a latching element and / or latching bead, into which the mating plug contact protection 32 can be latched and / or pressed, or pressed, respectively.FIG. 5 shows a plug connector system 1 having a plug connector 2 and a mating plug connector 3, wherein the mating plug connector 3 furthermore has a locking mechanism 4 which can engage in a locking form 200 formed on the plug connector 2 in a locking manner. In this case, an unlocked, non-plugged state of the plug connector system 2 is shown.FIG. 6 illustrates the mode of operation of the locking mechanism 4 in more detail. The plug connector 2 is inserted into the mating plug connector 3, whereby a locking housing 41 is guided away from a locking changer 40 in the plug-in direction S. The lock housing 41 is guided in the direction of a rotation stopper 43. As a result, a housing alternating toothing 410 is removed from an alternating toothing 400. Meanwhile, a housing rotation gear 412 is engaged with a rotation gear 420. Due to the offset arrangement and configuration of the interchangeable toothing 400, the housing interchangeable toothing 410, the housing rotational toothing 412 and the rotational toothing 420, the locking housing 41 is rotated in such a way that locking elements 43 arranged in the locking changer 40 are brought into engagement with a locking cage 401. As a result, the plug connector 2 can no longer be unintentionally separated from the mating plug connector 3. When the plug connector 2 is pressed again in the plug-in direction S, this rotational movement is carried out again, such that the locking elements 43 are no longer in engagement with the locking cage 401, such that the plug connector 2 can be separated from the mating plug connector 3. In order that the locking housing 41 can be moved back against the locking changer 40 after a pressure movement in the plug-in direction S, the locking housing 41 has a spring stop 411. A locking spring 44 can engage on this spring stop 411 in order to force the locking housing 41 in the opposite plug-in direction G against the locking changer 40. Conveniently, the housing gear teeth 412 and the gear teeth 420 are configured such that when fully engaged, half a locking rotation is performed, while the housing gear teeth 410 and the gear teeth 400 complete that half a locking rotation. Locking rotation is understood to mean the rotation of the locking housing 41 which is necessary to bring the locking elements 43 into engagement with a locking cage 401 and / or to release this engagement.A more comprehensive embodiment is illustrated in FIGS. 7 and 8. A plug connector system 1 is provided with a tear-off fuse 5. This tear-off securing means 5 is intended to make it possible that, in the event of mechanical overloading, in particular as a result of traction on a connected cable or cable harness, the locking mechanism 4 can release the locking of the plug connector 2 and mating plug connector 3 before the plug connector 2 or the mating plug connector 3 or the cable or the cable harness is (possibly permanently) damaged. It is proposed that the tear-off fuse 5 is implemented with a fuse calibration 50, a fuse energy store 51 and a release sleeve 52. The release sleeve 52 is preferably introduced into the housing wall of a working machine. In FIGS. 5 and 6, the release sleeve 52 is designed with an external thread which can be brought into engagement with this housing wall of the working machine. The release sleeve 52 and the safety calibration 50 each have a flange and or shapes according to the illustration, which make it possible to remain in engagement with the safety force accumulator 51. In a convenient embodiment, the fuse calibration 50 has an internal thread 53 which interacts with an external thread 402 of the locking mechanism 4 so that the storage size of the inserted fuse energy storage device 51 can be adjusted. This means that the force accumulator 51, which is designed as a helical spring, can be adjusted by the safety calibration 50 in its spring force in such a way that the break-off safety device 5 triggers when the force is desired and adjusted. Triggering means that the plug connector 2 connected locked to the mating plug connector 3 disengages the mating plug connector 3 together with the locking mechanism 4 from the tear-off fuse 5 under tensile load in the mating plug direction G. By removing the locking cage 401 from the release sleeve 52 fixing the locking cage 401, the locking cage can yield in the yielding direction A. The yielding is preferably limited by a form-locking device or elastically in order to prevent loss of the locking cage 401. By yielding, for example as an extension of elastic components, the locking element 43 is released, so that the locking form 200 of the plug connector 2 becomes free. In other words, the locking element 43 no longer engages in the locking form 200. Due to the underlying pulling movement in the mating plug-in direction G, the plug connector 2 is released from the mating plug connector 3. Subsequently, the securing force storage device 51 forces the mating connector 3 back into the predetermined position by pressing in the plug-in direction S on a stop element, for example a flange on the securing calibration 50, whereby the release sleeve 52 moves the locking cage 401 and the locking element 43 arranged underneath it back into the original position. It is proposed in a skillful manner that the locking elements 43 are moved into a non-latching position, so that the mating connector 3 and the locking mechanism 4 are again in the starting position and are thus ready for a new plug-in operation.Although different aspects or features of the invention are shown in combination in the figures, it is obvious to the person skilled in the art-unless stated otherwise-that the combinations shown and discussed are not the only possible. In particular, mutually corresponding units or feature complexes from different exemplary embodiments can be interchanged with one another.List of reference characters1 Plug connector system 2 Plug connector 20 Plug connector housing 21 Plug connector contact seal 22 Plug connector contact element 23 Plug connector sealing spring 24 Plug connector contact receptacle 200 Locking form 220 Plug contact crimping region 221 Plug contact contact region 222 Plug contact spring receptacle 223 Plug contact contact form 3 Mating plug connector 30 Mating plug connector housing 31 Mating plug connector contact seal 32 Mating plug connector contact protection 33 Mating plug connector sealing spring 34 Mating plug connector contact element 35 Mating plug connector contact receptacle 340 Mating plug contact crimping region 341 Mating plug contact contact region 342 Mating plug contact contact protection receptacle 350 Mating plug contact spring receptacle 4 Locking mechanism 40 Locking changer 400 Alternating toothing 401 Locking cage 402 External thread 41 Locking housing 410 Housing alternating toothing 411 Spring stop 412 Housing rotational toothing 42 Rotation stop 420 Rotation toothing 43 Locking element 44 Locking spring 5 Tear-off fuse 50 Fuse calibration 51 Fuse energy store 52 Release sleeve 53 Internal thread 6 Sealing element A Escape direction S Plug-in direction Plug-in connector G Plug-in direction Mating plug-in connectorReferences included in the specificationThis list of documents cited by the applicant has been produced in an automated manner and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent application or utility model application. The DPMA does not take any adhesion for any faults or omissions.Patent Literature citedU.S. Pat. No. 4,061,407 A

[0005]

Claims

Single-pole plug connector system (1) consisting of a plug connector (2) and a mating plug connector (3), wherein the plug connector has a plug connector housing (20), a plug connector contact seal (21) and a plug connector contact element (22), and wherein the mating plug connector (3) has a mating plug connector housing (30), a mating plug connector contact seal (31), a mating plug connector contact protection (32) and a mating plug connector contact element (34), characterized in that the plug connector contact seal (21) is in functional engagement with a plug connector sealing spring (23), such that the plug connector contact seal (21) is arranged inside the plug connector housing (20) such that it can be displaced in the plug direction (S) counter to a force of the plug connector sealing spring (23), and that the counter plug connector contact seal (31) is in functional engagement with a counter plug connector sealing spring (33), such that the counter plug connector contact seal (31) is arranged inside the counter plug connector housing (30) such that it can be displaced in the counter plug direction (G) counter to a force of the counter plug connector sealing spring (33).Plug connector system (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the plug connector contact element (22) has a hollow-cylindrical plug contact crimping region (220), a substantially hollow-cylindrical plug contact contact region (221) and, within the plug contact contact region (221), a plug contact spring receptacle (222).Plug connector system (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the plug connector contact element (22) has a hollow-cylindrical plug contact crimping region (220), a substantially cylindrical plug contact contact region and, outside the plug contact contact region (221), a plug contact spring receptacle (222).Plug connector system (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the mating plug connector contact element (34) has a hollow cylindrical mating plug contact crimping region (340), a substantially cylindrical mating plug contact contact region (341), wherein a mating plug contact touch protection receptacle (342) is formed on the end side of the mating plug contact region (341) in the mating plug direction (G), said mating plug contact touch protection receptacle being provided for receiving a mating plug connector touch protection (34).Plug connector system (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the mating plug connector contact element has a hollow-cylindrical mating plug contact crimping region, an essentially hollow-cylindrical mating plug contact region, wherein a mating plug contact touch protection receptacle is formed on the end side of the mating plug contact region in the mating plug direction (G), said mating plug contact touch protection receptacle being provided for receiving a mating plug connector touch protection.Plug connector system (1) according to claim 5, characterised in that the mating plug connector contact element is further provided within the hollow cylindrical mating plug contact region at least one mating plug contact pin element, wherein a corresponding plug connector contact element fits between the mating plug contact region and the mating plug contact pin element in an electrically contacting manner.Plug connector system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plug connector housing (20) is shaped in such a way that it displaces the mating plug connector contact seal (31) during a plug-in process.Plug connector system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mating plug connector contact protection (32) is shaped in such a way that it displaces the plug connector contact seal (21) during a plug-in process.Plug connector system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plug connector contact element (22) is substantially designed as a socket contact and in that the mating plug connector contact element (34) is substantially designed as a pin contact or vice versa.Plug connector system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plug connector contact element (22) has, on the end of the plug contact contact region (221) in the plug direction (S), a plug contact contact shape (223), which ensures the contacting of the plug connector contact element (22) with the mating plug connector contact element (34).Plug connector system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plug connector (2) has a locking mechanism (4) and the mating plug connector (3) has a locking shape (200) corresponding to the locking mechanism (4), or vice versa, wherein the locking mechanism (4) is triggered in a locking manner by a first pressure in the plug-in direction (S).Single-pole plug connector (2) according to a plug connector system (1) according to claim 1, having a plug connector housing (20) and a plug connector contact element (22) arranged in the plug connector housing (20), wherein the plug connector contact element (22) has a plug contact crimping region (220) at the end opposite to the plug direction (S) and a plug contact contact region (221) at the end in the plug direction (S), characterized in that a plug connector contact seal (21) is arranged on the plug contact region (221), which is displaced by a corresponding mating plug connector (3) during a plug-in process.Single-pole plug connector (2) according to Claim 12, characterized in that the plug connector contact element (22) has, on or in the plug connector contact region (221), a plug contact spring receptacle (222) which is shaped to receive a plug connector sealing spring (23), and wherein the plug connector contact seal (21) interacts with the plug contact sealing spring (23).Single-pole mating connector (3) according to a connector system (1) according to claim 1, comprising a mating connector housing (30) and a mating connector contact element (34) arranged in the mating connector housing (30), wherein the mating connector contact element (34) comprises a mating connector crimp region (340) at the end opposite to the mating plug direction (G) and a mating connector contact region (341) at the end in the mating plug direction (G), characterized in that a mating connector contact seal (31) is arranged on the mating connector contact region (341), which is displaced by a corresponding connector (2) during a plug-in process.Single-pole mating connector (3) according to Claim 14, characterized in that the mating connector contact element (34) is held in the mating connector housing (30) by a mating connector contact receptacle (35), and in that, on or in the mating connector contact receptacle (35), a mating plug contact spring receptacle which is shaped to receive a mating connector sealing spring (33), and wherein the mating connector contact seal (31) interacts with the mating plug contact sealing spring (33).Method for producing a plug connection, having a plug connector system (1) according to Claim 1, wherein a plug connector (2) has a plug connector contact seal (21) and wherein a mating plug connector (3) has a mating plug connector contact seal (31), wherein the plug connector (2) displaces a mating plug connector contact seal (31) during a plug-in process and wherein the mating plug connector (3) displaces a plug connector contact seal (21) during a plug-in process, wherein the displaced plug connector contact seal (21) releases a plug connector contact element (22) and wherein the displaced mating plug connector contact seal (31) releases a mating plug connector contact element (34).

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