Burner system with at least one burner device, in particular a pyrolytic burner device

Abstract

Burner system (10) with at least one burner device (12), in particular a pyrolytic burner device (12) comprising a burner unit (14) and a pyrolysis unit (16), with at least one energy utilization unit (18), in particular a thermal energy utilization unit (18) configured to utilize thermal energy generated by the burner device (12), and with a housing unit (20) accommodating the burner device (12) and the energy utilization unit (18) and having a base plane (22), wherein the burner unit (14) delimits a burner area (24), characterized in that the burner device (12) has a limiting element (26) which is provided to variably limit the burner area (24), wherein the limiting element (26) is designed to be adjustable parallel to the base plane (22), whereby the burner area (24) of the burner unit (14) is designed to be variably adjustable.

Description

State of the art

[0001] The invention relates to a burner system with at least one burner device, in particular a pyrolytic burner device according to the preamble of claim 1.

[0002] A burner system has already been proposed comprising at least one burner device, in particular a pyrolytic burner device, which has a burner unit and a pyrolysis unit, with at least one energy utilization unit, in particular a thermal energy utilization unit, which is designed to utilize thermal energy generated by the burner device, and with a housing unit which accommodates the burner device and the energy utilization unit and which has a bottom plane, wherein the burner unit defines a burner area.

[0003] Document US 2023 / 0184424 A1 proposes a downward-moving gasification boiler with at least one gasification combustion chamber and one combustion chamber for fuel gas, the system further comprising a heat exchanger, a water jacket, air ducts and an air distribution system.

[0004] In particular, DE 28 25 122 A1 proposes a heating device for liquid, gaseous, or solid fuels, comprising a combustion chamber and flue gas passages. Specifically, the heating device features an uncooled insert wall to separate a smaller combustion chamber and closable openings from the combustion chamber to the flue gas passages, thereby achieving efficient combustion with liquid or gaseous fuels and improved chimney draft with solid fuels.

[0005] The object of the invention is, in particular, to provide a generic device with advantageous properties with regard to application variability, fuel variability, and combustion efficiency. This object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 1, while advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention can be found in the dependent claims. Advantages of the invention

[0006] The invention relates to a burner system with at least one burner device, in particular a pyrolytic burner device, which has a burner unit and a pyrolysis unit, with at least one energy utilization unit, in particular a thermal energy utilization unit, which is designed to utilize thermal energy generated by the burner device, and with a housing unit which accommodates the burner device and the energy utilization unit and which has a bottom plane, wherein the burner unit defines a burner area.

[0007] It is proposed that the burner device include a limiting element designed to variably restrict a burner area.

[0008] In this context, a "burner system" is understood to mean, in particular, a system designed to convert fuel into thermal energy. Preferably, the fuel is converted into thermal energy in a burner system through a combustion process. Preferably, in a combustion process, the fuel is broken down into a residual solid, in particular ash, and a combustion gas. Preferably, the fuel is classified into a fuel class according to its calorific value. Preferably, the highest fuel class has the highest calorific value. The calorific value is, in particular, a measure of the chemically bound energy contained in a substance per unit of measurement. Preferably, the calorific value corresponds to the absolute value of the standard enthalpy of combustion, expressed with a negative sign, as defined in general thermodynamics.The calorific value of a fuel preferably indicates the chemically bound energy (enthalpy of reaction) released during combustion and subsequent cooling of the combustion gases to 25 °C, followed by their condensation. Preferably, the calorific value of a fuel is expressed as a mass-related calorific value in kilojoules per (kilo)gram in kJ / g or kJ / kg. In this context, "fuel" is understood to mean, in particular, a chemical substance whose stored energy can be converted into usable energy by combustion. Preferably, the fuel is an organic fuel. In particular, an organic fuel consists, for example, of petroleum, natural gas, coal, plant residues, and / or animal manure. Alternatively, an inorganic fuel, such as hydrogen, is also conceivable. The organic fuel is particularly preferably derived from a renewable raw material.The term "renewable raw materials" here refers to organic raw materials, in particular plant-based raw materials, that originate from agricultural and / or forestry production and are cultivated by humans specifically for further applications outside the food and feed industry, or that are by-products and / or waste products from agriculture and / or the food and feed industry. Renewable raw materials within the meaning of this application are exclusively organic raw materials that are not of fossil origin. Preferably, the renewable raw materials in this case are domestic products from agricultural and / or forestry production, as well as their by-products and / or residues, provided these are not subject to waste legislation, and algae. Preferably, the fuel is in the form of a solid fuel.The fuel is preferably in the form of pellets. "Intended" is understood to mean specifically programmed, designed, and / or equipped. The fact that an object is intended for a specific function is understood to mean, in particular, that the object fulfills and / or performs this specific function in at least one application and / or operating state.

[0009] Preferably, the burner system includes a burner device. In this context, a "burner device" is understood to mean, in particular, a device designed to convert fuel and the combustion gas produced during a combustion process into thermal energy through a combustion process. Preferably, the burner device is designed to combust fuel and the combustion gas produced during a combustion process, preferably to a large extent, and more preferably completely. Preferably, the burner device includes a burner unit. Preferably, fuel is supplied to the burner device through a recess in the side wall.Preferably, the burner device is configured parallel to a fuel supply. In this context, a "burner unit" is understood to mean, in particular, a unit designed to ignite and combust a fuel. Preferably, air, especially oxygen, is supplied to a burner chamber within the burner unit. Preferably, the burner unit includes an ignition element configured to ignite the supplied fuel. Preferably, the burner unit is elongated and has a rectangular cross-section parallel to a base plane. Alternatively, a polygonal, especially a square, cross-section of the base parallel to a base plane is also conceivable. Furthermore, any other cross-sectional shape parallel to a base plane of the burner unit that would appear sensible to a person skilled in the art is conceivable.Preferably, the main direction of extension of the burner unit is parallel to a fuel supply direction. In this context, a fuel supply direction is understood to be a direction at least substantially perpendicular to a side wall. The "main direction of extension" of an object is understood to be, in particular, a direction that runs parallel to the longest edge of the smallest geometric cuboid that just completely encloses the object. In this context, a "burner area" is understood to be, in particular, an area in which a fuel is burned. Preferably, the fuel is in contact with a burner area. Preferably, a burner area is bounded by a burner unit. Preferably, a burner area is bounded by a boundary element.Preferably, the burner area is configured at least substantially parallel to a base plane on a burner unit. Preferably, the burner area is configured on the side facing the side wall with a recess for oxygen supply and a second recess for fuel supply on a base surface of the burner unit. In this context, a "limiting element" is understood to mean, in particular, an element designed to limit the burner area of ​​a burner device. Preferably, the burner area of ​​a burner device is variably adjustable by means of a limiting element. Preferably, the limiting element is designed as a planar element which, in its designed state, has a transverse extent that is many times smaller than the longitudinal and vertical extents of the component.Preferably, the limiting element is arranged at least substantially perpendicular to a bottom plane of the housing unit. The term "substantially perpendicular" here is intended to define, in particular, an orientation of a direction relative to a reference direction, wherein the direction and the reference direction, especially when viewed in a projection plane, enclose an angle of 90° and the angle has a maximum deviation of, in particular, less than 8°, advantageously less than 5°, and most advantageously less than 2°. Preferably, the limiting element divides a burner device into a first section and a second section. Preferably, the first section is defined as the burner area. Preferably, fuel is supplied to a first section. Preferably, the limiting element shields the first section from a second section at least substantially airtight.Preferably, the size of the first and second sections can be variably adjusted by means of the limiting element. In particular, if the first section is enlarged, the second section becomes proportionally smaller. Preferably, the size of the burner area is adjusted depending on the quality, especially the calorific value, of the fuel. Preferably, a large burner area is set when a fuel of good quality, especially with a high calorific value, is supplied. Preferably, a small burner area is set when a fuel of poor quality, especially with a low calorific value, is supplied.

[0010] Preferably, the burner device includes a pyrolysis unit. In this context, a "pyrolysis unit" is understood to mean, in particular, a unit designed to utilize the combustion gases produced during the combustion of a fuel at least substantially completely. Preferably, the pyrolysis unit is designed to combust the combustion gases produced during the combustion of a fuel at least substantially completely. Preferably, the pyrolysis unit is designed to convert the combustion gases produced during the combustion of a fuel at least substantially completely into thermal energy. Preferably, during combustion of the combustion gases in the pyrolysis unit, at least 90%, more preferably at least 95%, and most preferably at least 100% of the combustion gases are combusted.Preferably, oxygen is supplied to the combustion gas in a pyrolysis unit, thereby converting the non-combustible pyrolysis gas from the combustion gas into a combustible gas. Preferably, a pyrolysis unit is designed to carry out direct pyrolysis. In this context, "direct pyrolysis" refers in particular to a process in which the raw material is burned, and the resulting combustion gases react directly with oxygen and are further combusted. The more tightly sealed the combustion chamber, the faster the pyrolysis occurs. Preferably, the pyrolysis gases from the combustion gases are combusted at a high temperature, releasing thermal energy. Preferably, the pyrolysis unit is designed with multiple components.

[0011] In this context, an "energy utilization unit" is understood to mean, in particular, a unit designed to transfer thermal energy generated by the combustion of the fuel to another medium and / or convert it into another form of energy. Preferably, the thermal energy generated by the combustion of the fuel is transferred to another medium, for example, to heat a room or an environment. It is also conceivable that, alternatively or additionally, the energy utilization unit converts the thermal energy into electrical energy. For this purpose, the energy utilization unit preferably comprises an electrothermal generator. In particular, preferably 75%, more preferably 90%, and most preferably 98% of the thermal energy generated by the combustion of the fuel is transferred to another medium and / or converted into another form of energy.Preferably, the energy utilization unit is configured to produce the desired energy output according to the user's requirements. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the user can variably select the components of the energy utilization unit as needed.

[0012] In this context, a "housing unit" is understood to mean, in particular, a unit that accommodates at least the burner device and the energy recovery unit. Preferably, the housing unit is designed as a cuboid. Preferably, the housing unit has at least one side wall and at least one additional side wall. Preferably, the housing unit has at least one base plate and at least one top plate. Preferably, the at least one side wall is connected at one edge to a side edge of the base plate and the top plate. Preferably, the side wall and the additional side wall are connected at their respective edges. Preferably, the side wall, the additional side wall, the top plate, and the base plate are designed as polygonal, in particular rectangular, components. Preferably, the housing unit consists at least substantially of a metallic material.Alternatively, any other material suitable for the housing unit that would be considered appropriate by a person skilled in the art is conceivable. Preferably, the side wall has at least one recess designed to supply air, in particular oxygen, into the housing unit. Furthermore, the housing unit has a second recess through which fuel is supplied to the housing unit, in particular to the burner unit of the burner device. Additionally, the at least one side wall has another recess designed to supply air, in particular oxygen, into the housing unit. It is particularly conceivable that the housing unit has a door unit through which a user can access the burner device. It is also conceivable that the housing unit has a door unit through which a user can access the energy recovery unit. Preferably, the housing unit has a bottom surface.Preferably, the base plane runs at least substantially parallel to a base plate. Preferably, the base plate is arranged at least substantially parallel to a substrate, in particular a mounting surface. "Substantially parallel" here refers in particular to an alignment of a direction relative to a reference direction, especially in a plane, wherein the direction has a deviation from the reference direction of, in particular, less than 8°, advantageously less than 5°, and most advantageously less than 2°. Preferably, the housing unit is divided into a lower region and an upper region.

[0013] Preferably, a burner device is arranged in a lower region. Preferably, an energy recovery unit is arranged in an upper region. Preferably, the lower and upper regions are in contact. Preferably, the lower region transitions seamlessly into the upper region. Particularly preferably, the lower region is separated from the upper region by a partition. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the burner device and the energy recovery unit are arranged in separate housing units, the housing units being arranged perpendicular to a base plane. Preferably, the housing unit has at least one leg. Preferably, the leg is designed to position the base plate at a distance from a surface. Particularly preferably, the housing unit has four legs, each arranged in a corner of the base plate.Alternatively, it is conceivable that the housing unit is designed to be free of at least one leg.

[0014] The inventive design of the burner system with at least one burner device, in particular a pyrolytic burner device, allows for advantageous properties with regard to combustion efficiency and efficiency. In particular, the variable adjustment of the burner range allows for advantageous properties with regard to fuel variability and application variability. The pyrolysis unit and the utilization of the resulting combustion gas for generating thermal energy, in particular, allow for advantageous properties with regard to combustion efficiency and fuel efficiency. Furthermore, advantageous properties with regard to user comfort and ease of maintenance can be provided.

[0015] According to the invention, it is proposed that the limiting element be adjustable parallel to a floor plane, thereby making the burner area of ​​the combustion unit variably adjustable. Preferably, the limiting element is continuously adjustable parallel to a floor plane. Preferably, the limiting element, which is arranged at least substantially perpendicular to a floor plane, is adjustable along a movement axis parallel to a floor plane. Preferably, the limiting element has an actuating element by means of which the limiting element can be moved along a movement axis by a user. Preferably, the user transfers kinetic energy to the actuating element, which in turn transfers the kinetic energy to the limiting element.Preferably, the kinetic energy transferred to the limiting element displaces the limiting element along an axis of motion. Preferably, the actuating element is designed as a mechanical component. Particularly preferably, the actuating element is designed as a lever. Preferably, the actuating element and the limiting element are formed in one piece, particularly as a single component. "One piece" is understood to mean, in particular, materially bonded, such as by a welding process and / or an adhesive bonding process, etc., and particularly advantageously, molded, such as by being manufactured from a single casting and / or by being manufactured using a single- or multi-component injection molding process. Advantageously, "one piece" is also understood to mean "one-piece." "One-piece" is understood to mean, in particular, formed in one piece.Preferably, this single component is manufactured from a single blank, a mass, and / or a casting, particularly preferably using an injection molding process, especially a single- and / or multi-component injection molding process. Furthermore, the actuating element and the limiting element are designed as multi-part components. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the actuating element is actuated indirectly via a control unit, whereby user control is achieved via a communication unit of the burner system and electronic control, in particular the movement of the limiting element along an axis of motion, is achieved. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the limiting element is adjustable parallel to a floor plane in predefined steps. In particular, it is conceivable that the predefined steps represent defined burner zones for different fuels with different calorific values.This allows for particularly advantageous properties regarding fuel variability and application variability, especially through variable changes in the combustion range.

[0016] Furthermore, it is proposed that the pyrolysis unit be arranged perpendicular to a bottom plane of the housing unit above the burner unit. Preferably, the pyrolysis unit is arranged perpendicular to a bottom plane of the housing unit above the burner unit and parallel to a principal direction of extension adjacent to the burner unit. Preferably, the pyrolysis unit encloses the burner unit in at least three spatial directions. Preferably, the pyrolysis unit has the same external dimensions in a cross-section parallel to a bottom plane, and is particularly preferably larger, than the cross-section parallel to a bottom plane of the burner unit. Preferably, the pyrolysis unit extends at least substantially, and preferably completely, over the burner unit parallel to a bottom plane.Preferably, the pyrolysis unit is arranged such that the combustion gas and heated combustion air produced by a combustion process rise independently from a burner unit into the pyrolysis unit. Preferably, the pyrolysis unit is arranged above the burner unit in the direction of flow of the combustion gases and / or heated combustion air. "Direction of flow" is understood to mean, in particular, an upward flow resulting from the mechanically lower density of warm air compared to cold air. This provides particularly advantageous features with regard to user comfort, as well as simplified routing of the combustion gas and heated combustion air.

[0017] Furthermore, it is proposed that the energy recovery unit be arranged perpendicular to a bottom plane of the housing unit above the pyrolysis unit. Preferably, the energy recovery unit is arranged completely perpendicular to a bottom plane of the housing unit above the pyrolysis unit. It is also conceivable that components of the energy recovery unit are arranged perpendicular to a bottom plane of the housing unit, parallel to a pyrolysis unit. Preferably, the energy recovery unit is arranged in the direction of flow of the combustion gases and / or the heated combustion air perpendicular to a bottom plane of the housing unit above the pyrolysis unit. Preferably, the energy recovery unit has a coupling point with the pyrolysis unit. Preferably, the coupling point is formed on a bottom surface of the energy recovery unit and on a top surface of the pyrolysis unit, perpendicular to a bottom plane of the housing unit.Alternatively, the energy recovery unit could be connected to the pyrolysis unit via a conduit element. This would offer particularly advantageous features in terms of user comfort, as well as simplified routing of the combustion gases and heated air.

[0018] Furthermore, it is proposed that the pyrolysis unit comprises at least one lateral shielding element, at least one reflective element, and at least one further reflective element. Preferably, the reflective element is arranged perpendicular to a ground plane above the burner unit. Preferably, the further reflective element is arranged perpendicular to a ground plane above the reflective element. Particularly preferably, the further reflective element is arranged perpendicular to a ground plane and spaced apart above the reflective element. Preferably, the lateral shielding element is arranged parallel to a principal direction of extension next to a burner unit. Particularly preferably, the pyrolysis unit comprises a further lateral shielding element.Preferably, the additional lateral shielding element is arranged parallel to a main direction of extension of the burner unit, next to a burner unit, and on a side of the burner unit opposite the first lateral shielding element. Preferably, the first lateral shielding element and the additional shielding element enclose the burner unit parallel to a main direction of extension of the burner unit. Preferably, the first shielding element and the additional shielding element are spaced apart from a burner unit, a first reflective element, and the additional reflective element. Preferably, combustion air heated in a combustion process and / or the combustion gases produced in a combustion process flow through this space between the first shielding element, the additional shielding element, the first reflective element, and the additional reflective element.In this context, a "shielding element" is understood to mean, in particular, an element designed to guide the flow of heated combustion air and / or combustion gas. Preferably, the shielding element is made of a refractory material. Preferably, the shielding element has a reflective coating on the surface facing the burner unit, designed to reflect heat radiation generated by the combustion process into the respective combustion area. In particular, it is conceivable that the shielding element is made of a refractory reflective material. Preferably, the first shielding element and the subsequent shielding element are mirrored about a plane perpendicular to a ground plane.Preferably, the first shielding element and the further shielding element have a multi-stage, and in particular a single-stage, cross-section in a cross-section perpendicular to a principal extension plane of the first and the further shielding element. A "multi-stage cross-section" is understood to mean, in particular, a cross-section with at least one step down to a further level. Furthermore, all other cross-sectional configurations that appear useful to a person skilled in the art are conceivable. In this context, a "reflective element" is understood to mean, in particular, an element designed to reflect heat radiation generated by the combustion process into the respective combustion area. Preferably, the reflective element is made of a refractory material. Preferably, the reflective element has a reflective coating on the surface facing the combustion area.Preferably, the first reflective element is completely coated with a reflective coating. It is particularly conceivable that the reflective element is made of a fire-resistant reflective material. Preferably, the first reflective element has a polygonal, in particular rectangular, cross-section at least substantially perpendicular to a principal direction of extension of the first reflective element. Preferably, the first reflective element has a polygonal, in particular U-shaped, cross-section at least substantially perpendicular to a principal direction of extension of the further reflective element. Preferably, the steps of the first shielding element and the further shielding element are arranged in a U-shaped region of the further reflective element.In this context, a "U-section" refers specifically to the area formed between the side walls of the U-shaped cross-section. This design of the pyrolysis unit allows for particularly advantageous properties with regard to combustion efficiency and overall efficiency.

[0019] Furthermore, it is proposed that the burner unit has a polygonal, in particular U-shaped, cross-section perpendicular to a principal direction of extension. Preferably, the burner unit has a polygonal, in particular U-shaped, cross-section that is constant in the principal direction of extension. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the burner unit has a polygonal, in particular U-shaped, cross-section that varies in the principal direction of extension. Particularly preferably, the burner unit has a U-shaped cross-section perpendicular to a principal direction of extension. Alternatively, an arc-shaped cross-section of the burner unit perpendicular to a principal direction of extension is also conceivable. Furthermore, another cross-section of the burner unit perpendicular to a principal direction of extension, which would appear sensible to a person skilled in the art, is conceivable.This allows for particularly advantageous properties regarding the design of the burner unit. In particular, advantageous properties regarding the cleaning of the burner unit can be provided.

[0020] Furthermore, it is proposed that the burner unit be hollow and have at least one recess in a wall through which oxygen is supplied to a burner area. Preferably, the cross-section of the burner unit is hollow perpendicular to a principal direction of extension. Preferably, the hollow burner unit is filled with air, in particular oxygen. Preferably, air, in particular oxygen, is introduced into the hollow burner unit via a recess in the side wall of the housing unit. Preferably, the burner unit has at least one recess in an inner wall. Preferably, the burner unit has a plurality of recesses. Preferably, the recesses are formed in an inner bottom wall of the burner unit. Preferably, the recesses in an inner bottom wall are arranged in a grid.Preferably, the recesses are distributed over at least part, preferably at least largely, and particularly preferably completely over the inner bottom wall. Preferably, the recesses in the bottom wall are identical. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the recesses in the bottom wall differ according to predefined zones. Preferably, the burner unit has at least one further recess in an inner side wall. Preferably, the at least one further recess is formed in the immediate vicinity of the inner bottom wall on the inner side wall. In this context, "immediate vicinity" is understood to mean, in particular, a spatial, especially spherical, area which preferably extends with a radius of no more than 10 cm, preferably no more than 5 cm, and particularly preferably no more than 3 cm around a side face of the bottom wall.Preferably, the inner side wall has an upper region and a lower region. Preferably, the recesses are formed in a lower region of the inner side wall. In this context, a "lower region" is understood to be a region extending from a lower side of the burner unit perpendicularly to a floor plane over preferably a maximum of 30%, more preferably a maximum of 25%, and particularly preferably a maximum of 20% of the total height of the inner side wall. Preferably, the lower region of the inner side wall extends at a contact surface between the inner side wall and the inner floor wall. Preferably, the other recesses in the inner side wall are identical. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the other recesses in the inner side wall differ according to predefined zones.In particular, it is conceivable that the inner bottom wall and the inner side wall are detachably designed from the burner unit. It is also conceivable that variable and further recesses can be implemented by replacing the inner bottom wall and the inner side wall. Preferably, a first oxygen supply to a burner area occurs via the recesses in the inner bottom wall and the inner side wall. The burner unit preferably has a further inner side wall with identical recesses. Preferably, this further inner side wall is identical to an inner side wall. This allows for particularly advantageous properties with regard to combustion efficiency and fuel efficiency. It also allows for particularly advantageous properties with regard to oxygen supply to the burner area.

[0021] Furthermore, it is proposed that the burner unit has an additional oxygen supply in its wall, wherein this additional oxygen supply is located near the upper side of the burner unit. Preferably, this additional oxygen supply is provided via further recesses in the inner side wall of the burner unit. Preferably, these further recesses are formed in an upper region of the inner side wall. In this context, an "upper region" is understood to be a region that extends from an upper side of the burner unit perpendicularly to a ground plane over preferably a maximum of 30%, more preferably a maximum of 25%, and particularly preferably a maximum of 20% of the total height of the inner side wall. Preferably, the additional oxygen supply is provided via the further recesses formed in this upper region.This allows for particularly advantageous properties regarding combustion efficiency and fuel efficiency. In particular, advantageous properties regarding oxygen supply to the burner area can be achieved.

[0022] Furthermore, it is proposed that a primary combustion zone, with a temperature of preferably 700–1000 °C, be formed in a burner unit. Preferably, the primary combustion zone is arranged perpendicular to a floor plane and in contact with a burner area. Preferably, a fuel is ignited in a primary combustion zone by an ignition element, and ambient air is heated. Preferably, the primary combustion zone has a temperature of 700–1000 °C, more preferably 800–1000 °C, and most preferably 900–1000 °C. Preferably, the primary combustion zone is arranged between the side walls of the burner unit. Preferably, a fuel is burned in the primary combustion zone. Preferably, a fuel is converted into thermal energy in the primary combustion zone.In particular, a combustion gas is generated in a primary combustion chamber by the combustion of a fuel. It is especially conceivable that in a primary combustion chamber, the combustion gas is at least substantially partially converted into a combustible gas by the supply of oxygen. Preferably, air, and in particular oxygen, is supplied to the primary combustion chamber via the first oxygen supply. This allows for particularly advantageous properties with regard to combustion efficiency and fuel efficiency to be achieved.

[0023] Furthermore, it is proposed that a secondary combustion chamber, with a temperature of preferably 2500–3000 °C, be formed between a burner unit and a reflector element, in which combustion gases from the primary combustion chamber are combusted. Preferably, the secondary combustion chamber is arranged adjacent to a primary combustion chamber and perpendicular to a floor plane above the primary combustion chamber. Preferably, the heated combustion air and the resulting combustion gas are transferred from a primary combustion chamber to a secondary combustion chamber. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the secondary combustion chamber is arranged at a distance from a primary combustion chamber and perpendicular to a floor plane above the primary combustion chamber.Preferably, the primary combustion chamber has a temperature of 2500°C to 3000°C, more preferably 2650°C to 3000°C, and most preferably 2800°C to 3000°C. Preferably, ambient air is heated in a secondary combustion chamber, and combustion gas generated in a primary combustion chamber is combusted. Preferably, the reflective element reflects thermal radiation generated in a secondary combustion chamber back into that secondary combustion chamber. Preferably, at least 80%, more preferably at least 90%, and most preferably 99% of the thermal radiation emitted from a secondary combustion chamber is reflected back into that secondary combustion chamber. This allows for particularly advantageous properties with regard to combustion efficiency and fuel efficiency.

[0024] Furthermore, it is proposed that a tertiary combustion zone be formed between a first and a second reflective element, in which residual combustion gases from a secondary combustion zone are completely combusted. Preferably, the tertiary combustion zone is formed between a first and a second reflective element. Preferably, the heated combustion air and the resulting combustion gas are transferred from a secondary combustion zone to a tertiary combustion zone. Preferably, the tertiary combustion zone has a temperature of 2000°C to 3000°C, more preferably 2250°C to 3000°C, and most preferably 2500°C to 3000°C. Preferably, combustion gases not combusted in a secondary combustion zone are burned in a tertiary combustion zone, thereby further heating the ambient air.Preferably, the additional reflective element reflects thermal radiation generated in a tertiary combustion zone back into that tertiary combustion zone. Preferably, at least 80%, more preferably at least 90%, and particularly preferably 99% of the thermal radiation emitted from a tertiary combustion zone is reflected back into that tertiary combustion zone. This allows for particularly advantageous properties with regard to combustion efficiency and fuel efficiency.

[0025] Furthermore, it is proposed that the energy recovery unit include a heat exchanger. Preferably, the heat exchanger is configured at least substantially perpendicular to a floor plane above a pyrolysis unit. In this context, a "heat exchanger" is understood to mean, in particular, a component designed to transfer thermal energy from one medium to another. Preferably, the thermal energy from the heated combustion air is transferred to another medium in the heat exchanger. Preferably, at least 70%, more preferably at least 80%, and particularly preferably 90% of the thermal energy is transferred to another medium. Preferably, the other medium is ambient air or a liquid medium. Preferably, the heat exchanger has a plurality of channels for transferring the thermal energy.The heat exchanger is preferably designed as a spiral core heat exchanger. Preferably, the thermal energy extracted from the heat exchanger is at least substantially partially used to operate the burner system. Preferably, the combustion air flowing from the heat exchanger is at least substantially free of CO2. Preferably, the combustion air flowing from the heat exchanger has a temperature of preferably a maximum of 40°C, more preferably a maximum of 30°C, and most preferably 20°C. This allows for advantageous properties with regard to combustion efficiency and overall efficiency.

[0026] The invention further relates to a method for operating a burner system according to the invention. It is proposed that, in a single operating step, combustion parameters, in particular the burner area, the combustion time, and / or air supply, are adjusted to the fuel. Preferably, all combustion parameters are adjusted to the fuel in a single operating step. Alternatively, it is conceivable that individual combustion parameters are adjusted to the fuel. Preferably, at least one combustion parameter can be changed during a single operating step. Alternatively, it is conceivable that all combustion parameters are set to the fuel before a single operating step. This allows for particularly advantageous properties with regard to fuel variability.

[0027] Furthermore, it is proposed that in one operating step the burner device be adapted to the quality of the fuel, in particular all types of organic substances, for example, pellet fuel. Preferably, in one operating step the burner device is adapted to the calorific value of the fuel, in particular all types of organic substances, for example, pellet fuel. Preferably, all combustion parameters can be variably adapted to the quality of the fuel in one operating step. In particular, it is conceivable that only individual combustion parameters are variably adapted to the quality of the fuel during the operating step. In particular, it is conceivable that the quality of the fuel changes in one operating step and the combustion parameters adjust themselves automatically to the quality of the fuel.This allows for particularly advantageous properties with regard to fuel variability.

[0028] Furthermore, it is proposed that, in one operating step, the burner area is variably adjusted to the fuel by the limiting element. Preferably, in one operating step, the combustion area is adjusted to the fuel quality by the limiting element. Preferably, in one operating step, the size of the burner area is adjusted depending on the quality, in particular the calorific value, of the fuel. Preferably, a large burner area is set in one operating step when a fuel of good quality, in particular with a high calorific value, is supplied. Preferably, a small burner area is set in one operating step when a fuel of poor quality, in particular with a low calorific value, is supplied.Preferably, the limiting element is moved in an operating step on a plane of movement at least substantially parallel to a floor plane to adjust the burner area. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the burner area is variably adjusted to the fuel by the limiting element before an operating step. This allows for particularly advantageous properties with regard to fuel variability and fuel efficiency.

[0029] Furthermore, it is proposed that in one operating step, the reflecting element and the additional reflecting element reflect the thermal radiation into the respective combustion region. Preferably, in one operating step, the reflecting element reflects the thermal radiation emitted in a secondary combustion region back into a secondary combustion region. Preferably, in one operating step, the additional reflecting element reflects the thermal radiation emitted in a tertiary combustion region back into a tertiary combustion region. Preferably, in one operating step, thermal radiation is generated in a tertiary combustion region if incomplete combustion of the combustion gas has not been carried out in a secondary combustion region.Preferably, the reflecting element and the further reflecting element reflect at least substantially 80%, preferably at least 90%, and particularly preferably 99% of the heat radiation emitted from the respective combustion area back into the respective combustion area in a single operating step. This allows for particularly advantageous properties with regard to combustion efficiency and fuel efficiency to be achieved.

[0030] Furthermore, it is proposed that hot air, in particular air at 700 to 900°C, be supplied to the burner unit in one operating step. Preferably, hot air, in particular oxygen, is supplied through the openings in the burner unit into the primary and secondary combustion zones in one operating step. It is particularly conceivable that, in one operating step, the thermal energy extracted from the heat exchanger is supplied to the burner unit, at least substantially partially, as heated air. Preferably, hot air with a temperature of 700°C to 900°C, and more preferably 800°C to 900°C, is supplied to the burner unit. This allows for particularly advantageous properties with regard to combustion efficiency and fuel efficiency.

[0031] Furthermore, it is proposed that in one operating step, thermal energy is transferred to another medium within an energy utilization unit. Preferably, thermal energy is transferred to another medium via the heat exchanger of the energy utilization unit in one operating step. In particular, it is conceivable that, in one operating step, the thermal energy in an energy utilization unit is converted into electrical energy via a Peltier effect. Preferably, in one operating step, the thermal energy from the heated combustion air is transferred to another medium by means of the heat exchanger. Preferably, at least 70%, more preferably at least 80%, and most preferably 90% of the thermal energy is transferred to another medium in one operating step. This allows for particularly advantageous properties with regard to combustion efficiency and fuel efficiency to be achieved.

[0032] Furthermore, it is proposed that in one operating step, a negative pressure is generated between the burner unit and the energy utilization unit by the extracted thermal energy. Preferably, a negative pressure is generated in a secondary combustion chamber and in a tertiary combustion chamber. Preferably, a negative pressure is generated in a secondary combustion chamber and in a tertiary combustion chamber by the extracted thermal energy and the Peltier effect. In particular, it is conceivable that combustion is carried out in a near-vacuum environment in a secondary combustion chamber and in a tertiary combustion chamber. This allows for particularly advantageous properties with regard to combustion efficiency and fuel efficiency to be achieved.

[0033] Furthermore, it is proposed that the burner unit be automatically filled horizontally with fuel in a single operating step. Preferably, the burner unit is automatically filled with fuel via a screw conveyor in a single operating step. Preferably, the burner unit is filled with fuel through a recess in a side wall of the housing unit in a single operating step. Preferably, the filling speed is controlled by the speed of the screw conveyor. Preferably, the speed of the screw conveyor is set to a specific fuel and the selected burn time in a single operating step. Preferably, the speed of the screw conveyor can be variably adjusted to the combustion process in a single operating step. This allows for particularly advantageous fuel supply characteristics to be achieved.

[0034] Furthermore, it is proposed that in a single operating step, the burner unit be cleared of solid residues by filling it with a subsequent fuel. Preferably, the solid residues are pushed out of the burner unit by the subsequent fuel in a single operating step. Preferably, at least 75%, more preferably at least 80%, and most preferably at least 100% of the solid residues are pushed out of the burner unit by the subsequent fuel. Preferably, the solid residues generated in a single operating step are used as fertilizer in the agricultural industry. Preferably, the solid residues are pushed out of the burner unit into a collection basin by the subsequent fuel in a single operating step. This allows for particularly advantageous properties with regard to maintenance and cleaning.

[0035] Furthermore, it is proposed that in one operating step, an operating range of 1% to 100% of the projected power is set by adjusting the combustion parameters. Preferably, the projected power is additionally influenced by the fuel in one operating step. Preferably, an operating range is set in one operating step by changing at least one combustion parameter. Alternatively, it is conceivable that all combustion parameters are variably adjusted in one operating step to set the operating range. Preferably, the fuel, the combustion duration, the burner area, and / or the oxygen supply are used in one operating step to set the operating range. Preferably, the combustion duration is influenced by the fuel supply in one operating step.This allows for particularly advantageous properties with regard to combustion efficiency and fuel efficiency.

[0036] The burner system according to the invention is not to be limited to the application and embodiment described above. In particular, the burner system according to the invention may, to achieve a functionality described herein, have a different number of individual elements, components, and units than the number specified herein. Furthermore, values ​​within the specified limits of the value ranges stated in this disclosure are also to be considered disclosed and freely usable. Drawings

[0037] Further advantages will become apparent from the following description of the drawings. The drawings illustrate an embodiment of the invention. The drawings, the description, and the claims contain numerous features in combination. A person skilled in the art will expediently consider the features individually and combine them into meaningful further combinations.

[0038] They show: Fig. 1 a burner system according to the invention in a schematic representation, Fig. 2 a burner device of a burner system in a schematic representation, Fig. 3 a burner unit of a burner device in a schematic representation, Fig. 4 an energy utilization unit of a burner system in a schematic representation and Fig. 5 a schematic method according to the invention for operating a burner system according to the invention. Description of the exemplary embodiment

[0039] Fig. Figure 1 shows a burner system 10, which includes at least one burner device 12, in particular a pyrolytic burner device 12. In the burner system 10, a fuel is converted into thermal energy by a combustion process. In a combustion process, a fuel is broken down by combustion into a residual solid, in particular ash, and into a combustion gas. The fuel is classified into a fuel class according to its calorific value. The highest fuel class has the highest calorific value. The calorific value corresponds to the absolute value of the standard enthalpy of combustion, expressed with a negative sign, as defined in general thermodynamics. The calorific value of a fuel indicates the chemically bound energy (enthalpy of reaction) that is released during combustion and subsequent cooling of the combustion gases to 25 °C and their condensation.The calorific value of a fuel is expressed as a mass-related calorific value in kilojoules per kilogram in kJ / g or kJ / kg. The fuel is organic. In particular, an organic fuel consists, for example, of petroleum, natural gas, coal, plant residues, and / or animal manure. Alternatively, an inorganic fuel, such as hydrogen, is also conceivable. The organic fuel consists of a renewable raw material. The fuel is in the form of a solid fuel. The fuel is in the form of pellet fuel.

[0040] The burner device 12 comprises a burner unit 14 and a pyrolysis unit 16. The pyrolysis unit 16 is designed to combust the combustion gases produced during the combustion of a fuel, at least substantially completely. The pyrolysis unit 16 is designed to convert the combustion gases produced during the combustion of a fuel, at least substantially completely, into thermal energy. Oxygen is supplied to the combustion gas in the pyrolysis unit 16, causing the non-combustible pyrolysis gas of the combustion gas to be converted into a combustible gas. The pyrolysis unit 16 is designed to carry out direct pyrolysis. The denser the combustion chamber, the faster the pyrolysis occurs. The pyrolysis gases of the combustion gases are combusted at a high temperature, releasing thermal energy. The pyrolysis unit 16 is designed in multiple parts.

[0041] The burner system 10 comprises a housing unit 20, which accommodates the burner device 12 and the energy recovery unit 18 and has a base 22. The housing unit 20 is designed as a cuboid. The housing unit 20 has at least one side wall 52 and another side wall 54. The housing unit 20 has at least one base plate 56 and at least one top plate 58. The at least one side wall 52 is connected at one side edge to a side edge of the base plate 56 and the top plate 58. The side wall 52 and the other side wall 54 are connected at their respective side edges. The side wall 52, the other side wall 54, the top plate 58, and the base plate 56 are designed as polygonal, in particular rectangular, components. The housing unit 20 is made of a metallic material.Alternatively, any other material that would be considered suitable by a person skilled in the art is conceivable for the housing unit 20. The side wall 52 has at least one recess 60, which is intended to supply air, in particular oxygen, into the housing unit 20. Furthermore, the housing unit 20 has a second recess 62, through which fuel is supplied into the housing unit 20, in particular into the burner unit 14 of the burner device 12. The at least one side wall 52 also has a further recess 64, which is intended to supply air, in particular oxygen, into the housing unit 20. The housing unit 20 has a door unit 66, through which a user gains access to the burner device 12. It is also conceivable that the housing unit 20 has a door unit 66, through which a user gains access to an energy recovery unit 18. The housing unit 20 has a base 22.The base plane 22 runs parallel to a base plate 56. The base plate 56 is arranged parallel to a substrate, in particular a mounting surface. The housing unit 20 is divided into a lower section 68 and an upper section 70. A burner device 12 is arranged in a lower section 68. An energy recovery unit 18 is arranged in an upper section 70. The lower section 68 and the upper section 70 are in contact. The lower section 68 transitions seamlessly into an upper section 70. The lower section 68 is separated from the upper section 70 by a partition 72. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the burner device 12 and the energy recovery unit 18 are arranged in separate housing units 20, the housing units 20 being arranged perpendicular to a base plane 22. The housing unit 20 has four legs 74.The legs 74 are designed to position the base plate 56 at a distance from a surface. The legs 74 are each positioned in a corner of the base plate 56. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the housing unit 20 is designed without at least one leg 74 (see figure). Fig. 1 and Fig. 3).

[0042] The burner device 12 has a burner unit 14. The burner unit 14 defines a burner area 24. The burner device 12 has a limiting element 26, which is designed to variably restrict the burner area 24. The burner device 12 is designed to completely combust a fuel. Fuel is supplied to the burner device 12 through a recess 62 in the side wall 52. Fuel is supplied to the burner unit 14 of the burner device 12 through a recess 62 in the side wall 52. The burner device 12 is designed parallel to a fuel supply. In a burner unit 14, air, in particular oxygen, is supplied into a burner area 24. The burner unit 12 has an ignition element 76, which is designed to ignite a supplied fuel.The burner unit 14 is elongated and has a rectangular cross-section parallel to a base plane 22. Alternatively, a polygonal, in particular quadrilateral, cross-section of the base parallel to a base plane 22 is also conceivable. Furthermore, any other cross-sectional shape parallel to a base plane 22 that would appear sensible to a person skilled in the art is conceivable. The main direction of extension of the burner unit 14 is parallel to a fuel supply direction. The fuel rests in contact with a burner area 24. A burner area 24 is bounded by a limiting element 26. The burner area 24 is formed parallel to a base plane 22 on a burner unit 14. On the side facing the side wall 52, the burner area 24 has a recess 60 for the oxygen supply 36 and a second recess 62 for the fuel supply on a base surface of the burner unit 14.The burner section 24 of a burner device 12 is variably adjustable by means of a limiting element 26. The limiting element 26 is designed as a planar element. The limiting element 26 is arranged perpendicular to a base plane 22 of the housing unit 20. The limiting element 26 divides the burner unit 14 into a first section 78 and a second section 80. The first section 78 is defined as the burner section 24. Fuel is supplied to the first section 78. The limiting element 26 hermetically seals the first section 78 from the second section 80. The size of the first section 78 and the second section 80 can be variably adjusted by means of the limiting element 26. If the first section 78 is enlarged, the second section 80 becomes proportionally smaller. The size of the burner section 24 is adjusted depending on the quality, in particular the calorific value, of the fuel.A large burner range 24 is set when a high-quality fuel, especially one with a high calorific value, is supplied. A small burner range 24 is set when a low-quality fuel, especially one with a low calorific value, is supplied (see...). Fig. 3).

[0043] The burner system 10 comprises at least one energy utilization unit 18, in particular a thermal energy utilization unit 18, which is configured to utilize thermal energy generated by the burner device 12. The thermal energy produced by the combustion of the fuel is transferred to another medium, for example, to heat a room or an environment. In particular, it is conceivable that the energy utilization unit 18 alternatively or additionally converts the thermal energy into electrical energy. For this purpose, the energy utilization unit 10 comprises an electrothermal generator. The energy utilization unit 18 is configured to provide the desired energy output according to the user's requirements. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the user can variably select the components of the energy utilization unit 18 as needed (see Fig. 4).

[0044] The limiting element 26 is adjustable parallel to a floor plane 22, thereby allowing the burner area 24 of the combustion unit 14 to be variably adjusted. The limiting element 26 is continuously adjustable parallel to a floor plane 22. The limiting element 26, arranged perpendicular to a floor plane 22, is adjustable along a movement axis 82 parallel to a floor plane 22. The limiting element 26 has an actuating element 84, by means of which the limiting element 26 can be moved along a movement axis 82 by a user. The user transfers kinetic energy to the actuating element 84, which in turn transfers the kinetic energy to the limiting element 26. The kinetic energy transferred to the limiting element 26 moves the limiting element 26 along a movement axis 82. The actuating element 84 is designed as a mechanical component.The actuating element 84 is designed as a lever. The actuating element 84 and the limiting element 26 are designed as a single unit, in particular as a single piece. Alternatively, the actuating element 84 and the limiting element 26 are designed as multi-part units. It is also conceivable that the actuating element 84 is actuated indirectly via a control unit, whereby user control is achieved via a communication unit of the burner system 10 and electronic control, in particular the movement along a motion axis 82, of the limiting element 26 is achieved. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the limiting element 26 is designed to be adjustable parallel to a floor plane 22 in predefined steps. In particular, it is conceivable that the predefined steps represent a defined burner range 24 for different fuels with different calorific values ​​(see ). Fig. 3).

[0045] The pyrolysis unit 16 is arranged perpendicular to a base plane 22 of the housing unit 20 above the burner unit 14. The pyrolysis unit 16 is arranged perpendicular to a base plane 22 of the housing unit 20 above the burner unit 14 and parallel to a main direction of extension adjacent to the burner unit 14. The pyrolysis unit 16 encloses the burner unit 14 in at least three spatial directions. The pyrolysis unit 16 has an external dimension of the same size as, and particularly preferably larger than, the cross-section parallel to a base plane 22 of the burner unit 14. The pyrolysis unit 16 extends completely over the burner unit 14 parallel to a base plane 22. The arrangement of the pyrolysis unit 16 is designed so that the combustion gas and the heated combustion air produced by a combustion process rise independently from the burner unit 14 into the pyrolysis unit 16.The pyrolysis unit 16 is arranged above the burner unit 14 in the direction of flow of the combustion gases and / or the heated combustion air (see . Fig. 1).

[0046] The energy recovery unit 18 is arranged perpendicular to a base plane 22 of the housing unit 20 above the pyrolysis unit 16. The energy recovery unit 18 is arranged completely perpendicular to a base plane 22 of the housing unit 20 above the pyrolysis unit 16. Furthermore, it is conceivable that components of the energy recovery unit 18 are arranged perpendicular to a base plane 22 of the housing unit 20 and parallel to a pyrolysis unit 16. The energy recovery unit 18 is arranged perpendicular to a base plane 22 of the housing unit 20 above the pyrolysis unit 16 in the direction of flow of the combustion gases and / or the heated combustion air. The energy recovery unit 18 has a coupling point with the pyrolysis unit 16. The coupling point is formed on a bottom side of the energy recovery unit 18 and on a top side of the pyrolysis unit 16, perpendicular to a base plane 22 of the housing unit 20.Alternatively, it is conceivable that the energy utilization unit 18 is connected to the pyrolysis unit 16 via a conductor element. (see . Fig. 1)

[0047] The pyrolysis unit 16 comprises at least one lateral shielding element 28, at least one reflective element 30, and at least one further reflective element 32. The reflective element 30 is arranged perpendicular to a ground plane 22 above the burner unit 14. The further reflective element 32 is arranged perpendicular to a ground plane 22 above the reflective element 30. The further reflective element 32 is arranged perpendicular to a ground plane 22 and spaced apart above the reflective element 30. The lateral shielding element 28 is arranged parallel to a main direction of extension next to a burner unit 14. The pyrolysis unit 16 comprises a further lateral shielding element 86. The further lateral shielding element 86 is arranged parallel to a main direction of extension of the burner unit 14 next to a burner unit 14 and on a side of the burner unit 14 opposite the first lateral shielding element 28.The first lateral shielding element 28 and the second shielding element 86 enclose the burner unit 14 parallel to a main direction of extension of the burner unit 14. The first shielding element 28 and the second shielding element 86 are spaced apart from a burner unit 14, a first reflective element 30, and the second reflective element 32. The heated combustion air and / or combustion gases flow through this space between the first shielding element 28, the second shielding element 86, the first reflective element 30, and the second reflective element 32. The shielding element 28 is made of a refractory material. The shielding element 28 has a reflective coating on the surface facing the burner unit 14, which is designed to reflect heat radiation generated by the combustion process into a respective combustion area 42, 44, 46.In particular, it is conceivable that the shielding element 28 is made of a fire-resistant reflective material. The first shielding element 28 and the further shielding element 86 are mirrored about a plane perpendicular to a ground plane 22. The first shielding element 28 and the further shielding element 86 have a multi-stage, in particular single-stage, cross-section in a cross-section perpendicular to a principal extension plane of the first shielding element 28 and the further shielding element 86. Furthermore, all other cross-sectional configurations that appear sensible to a person skilled in the art are conceivable. The reflective element 30 is made of a fire-resistant material. The reflective element 30 has a reflective coating on the surface facing the combustion area 42, 44, 46. The first reflective element 30 is completely coated with a reflective coating.In particular, it is conceivable that the reflective element 30 is made of a fire-resistant reflective material. The first reflective element 30 has a polygonal, in particular rectangular, cross-section in a cross-section perpendicular to a principal direction of extension of the first reflective element 30. The further reflective element 32 has a polygonal, in particular U-shaped, cross-section in a cross-section at least substantially perpendicular to a principal direction of extension of the further reflective element 32. The steps of the first shielding element 28 and the further shielding element 86 are arranged in a U-shaped region of the further reflective element 32 (see ). Fig. 2).

[0048] The burner unit 14 has a polygonal, in particular U-shaped, cross-section perpendicular to a principal direction of extension. Alternatively, the burner unit 14 has a polygonal, in particular U-shaped, cross-section that is constant in the principal direction of extension. It is also conceivable that the burner unit 14 has a polygonal, in particular U-shaped, cross-section that varies in the principal direction of extension. The burner unit 14 has a U-shaped cross-section perpendicular to a principal direction of extension. Alternatively, an arc-shaped cross-section of the burner unit 14 perpendicular to a principal direction of extension is also conceivable. Furthermore, another cross-section of the burner unit 14 perpendicular to a principal direction of extension, which would appear sensible to a person skilled in the art, is conceivable (see Fig. 2).

[0049] The burner unit 14 is hollow and has at least one recess 34 in one wall, through which oxygen 36 is supplied to a burner area 24. The cross-section of the burner unit 14 is hollow perpendicular to a main direction of extension. The hollow burner unit 14 is filled with air, in particular oxygen. The air, in particular oxygen, is guided into the hollow burner unit 14 via a recess 60 in the side wall 52 of the housing unit 20. The burner unit 14 has at least one recess 90 in an inner wall. The burner unit 14 has a plurality of recesses 90. The recesses 90 are formed in an inner bottom wall 88 of the burner unit 14. The recesses 90 are arranged in a grid pattern in the inner bottom wall 88. The recesses 90 are distributed completely over the inner bottom wall 88.The recesses 90 in the inner bottom wall 88 are identical. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the recesses 90 of the inner bottom wall 88 differ according to predefined zones. The burner unit 14 has an inner side wall 92 with a further recess 94. The further recess 94 is formed in the vicinity of the inner bottom wall 88 on the inner side wall 92. The inner side wall 92 has an upper region 96 and a lower region 98. The recesses 90 are formed in a lower region 98 of the inner side wall 92. The lower region 98 of the inner side wall 92 extends at a contact surface of the inner side wall 92 with the inner bottom wall 88. The further recesses 94 in the inner side wall 92 are identical. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the further recesses 94 of the inner side wall 92 differ according to predefined zones.In particular, it is conceivable that the inner bottom wall 88 and the inner side wall 92 are detachably formed from the burner unit 14. Specifically, it is conceivable that variable recesses 90 and further recesses 94 can be implemented by exchanging the inner bottom wall 88 and the inner side wall 92. A first oxygen supply 36 into a burner area 24 is provided via the recesses 90 and 94 of the inner bottom wall 88 and the inner side wall 94. The burner unit 14 has a further inner side wall 100, which has identical recesses 94. This further inner side wall 100 is identical to an inner side wall 92. The burner unit 14 has a further oxygen supply 38 in the inner side wall 92, the further oxygen supply 38 being located near an upper side of the burner unit 14.The additional oxygen supply 38 is provided via further recesses 94 in the inner side wall 92 of the burner unit 12. The further recesses 94 are formed in an upper area 98 of the inner side wall 94. The additional oxygen supply 38 is provided via the further recesses 94 formed in an upper area 98 (see . Fig. 3).

[0050] A primary combustion chamber 42, with a temperature of, in particular, 700°C to 1000°C, is formed in a burner unit 14. The primary combustion chamber 42 is arranged perpendicular to a base plane 22 and in contact with a burner chamber 24. In a primary combustion chamber 42, a fuel is ignited by an ignition element 76 and ambient air is heated. The primary combustion chamber 42 is arranged between the side walls of the burner unit 14. A fuel is burned in the primary combustion chamber 42. A fuel is converted into thermal energy in the primary combustion chamber 42. A combustion gas is generated in a primary combustion chamber 42 by the combustion of a fuel. In particular, it is conceivable that in a primary combustion chamber 42 the combustion gas is converted, at least substantially partially, into a combustible gas by the supply of oxygen.Air, and in particular oxygen, is supplied to the primary combustion chamber 42 via the first oxygen supply 36. (see . Fig. 2)

[0051] A secondary combustion chamber 44, with a temperature of, in particular, 2500°C to 3000°C, is formed between a burner unit 14 and a reflector element 30. Combustion gases from the primary combustion chamber 42 are combusted in this chamber. The secondary combustion chamber 44 is arranged adjacent to a primary combustion chamber 42 and perpendicular to a floor plane 22 above a primary combustion chamber 42. Alternatively, the secondary combustion chamber 44 can be arranged perpendicular to a floor plane 22 below a reflector element 30. The heated combustion air and the resulting combustion gas are transferred from a primary combustion chamber 42 to a secondary combustion chamber 44. It is also conceivable that the secondary combustion chamber 44 is arranged at a distance from a primary combustion chamber 42 and perpendicular to a floor plane 22 above a primary combustion chamber 42.In a secondary combustion chamber 44, ambient air is heated and combustion gas generated in a primary combustion chamber 42 is burned. The reflective element 30 reflects thermal radiation generated in a secondary combustion chamber 44 back into a secondary combustion chamber 44 (see figure). Fig. 2).

[0052] A tertiary combustion chamber 46 is formed between a reflective element 30 and another reflective element 32, in which residual combustion gases from a combustion in a secondary combustion chamber 44 are completely combusted. The tertiary combustion chamber 46 is formed between a first reflective element 30 and another reflective element 32. The heated combustion air and the resulting combustion gas are transferred from a secondary combustion chamber 44 to a tertiary combustion chamber 46. In a tertiary combustion chamber 46, any combustion gas that remains unburned in a secondary combustion chamber 44 is combusted, thereby further heating the ambient air. The other reflective element 32 reflects thermal radiation generated in a tertiary combustion chamber 46 back into a tertiary combustion chamber 46 (see Fig. 2).

[0053] The energy utilization unit 18 has a heat exchanger 48. The heat exchanger 48 is arranged perpendicular to a floor plane 22 above a pyrolysis unit 16. In the heat exchanger 48, the thermal energy from the heated combustion air is transferred to another medium. The heat exchanger 48 has a plurality of channels 102 for transferring the thermal energy. The heat exchanger 48 is designed as a spiral core heat exchanger. The thermal energy extracted in the heat exchanger 48 is partially used to operate the burner system 10. The combustion air flowing out of the heat exchanger 48 is free of CO2 (see Fig. 4).

[0054] Fig.Figure 5 shows a schematic method according to the invention for operating a burner system according to the invention. In an operating step 50, the combustion parameters, in particular the burner area 24, the combustion time and / or air supply, are adjusted to the fuel. All combustion parameters are adjusted to the fuel in an operating step 50. Alternatively, it is conceivable that individual combustion parameters are adjusted to the fuel. During an operating step 50, at least one combustion parameter is changed. Alternatively, it is conceivable that all combustion parameters are set to the fuel before an operating step 50. In an operating step 50, the burner device 12 is adjusted to the quality of the fuel, in particular all types of organic substances, for example, pellet fuel.In operating step 50, the burner device 12 is adjusted to the calorific value of the fuel, in particular all types of organic substances, for example, pellet fuel. In operating step 50, all combustion parameters are variably adjusted to the fuel quality. In particular, it is conceivable that only individual combustion parameters are variably adjusted to the fuel quality during operating step 50. In particular, it is conceivable that the fuel quality changes in operating step 50 and the combustion parameters adjust themselves automatically to the fuel quality. In operating step 50, the burner area 24 is variably adjusted to the fuel by the limiting element 26. In operating step 50, the combustion area 24 is adjusted to the fuel quality by the limiting element 26.In an operating step 50, the size of the burner area 24 is selected depending on the quality, in particular the calorific value, of the fuel. In an operating step 50, a large burner area 24 is set if a fuel of good quality, especially with a high calorific value, is supplied. In an operating step 50, a small burner area 24 is set if a fuel of poor quality, especially with a low calorific value, is supplied. In an operating step 50, the limiting element 26 is moved along a movement axis 82 at least substantially parallel to a floor plane 22 to adjust the burner area 24. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the burner area 24 is variably adjusted to the fuel by the limiting element 26 before an operating step 50.

[0055] In an operating step 50, the reflecting element 30 and the further reflecting element 32 reflect the thermal radiation into the respective combustion chambers 42, 44, 46. In an operating step 50, the reflecting element 30 reflects the thermal radiation emitted in a secondary combustion chamber 42 back into a secondary combustion chamber 42. In an operating step 50, the further reflecting element 32 reflects the thermal radiation emitted in a tertiary combustion chamber 46 back into a tertiary combustion chamber 46. In an operating step 50, thermal radiation is generated in a tertiary combustion chamber 46 if incomplete combustion of the combustion gas has not been carried out in a secondary combustion chamber 44.

[0056] In an operating step 50, hot air, in particular air at 700°C to 900°C, is supplied to the burner unit 14. In an operating step 50, hot air, in particular oxygen, is supplied through the openings 90, 94 in the burner unit 14 to the primary combustion chamber 42 and to the secondary combustion chamber 44. In particular, it is conceivable that in an operating step 50, the thermal energy extracted in the heat exchanger 48 in an operating step 50 is supplied, at least substantially in part, as heated air to the burner unit 14. In an operating step 50, thermal energy is transferred to another medium in an energy utilization unit 18. In an operating step 50, thermal energy is transferred to another medium through the heat exchanger 48 of the energy utilization unit 18.In particular, it is conceivable that in an operating step 50, the thermal energy in an energy utilization unit 18 is converted into electrical energy by means of a Peltier effect. In an operating step 50, the thermal energy from the heated combustion air is transferred to another medium by means of the heat exchanger 48. In an operating step 50, a negative pressure is generated between the burner unit 14 and the energy utilization unit 18 by the dissipated thermal energy. Through the extracted thermal energy and the Peltier effect, a negative pressure is generated in a secondary combustion chamber 44 and in a tertiary combustion chamber 46. In particular, it is conceivable that combustion takes place in a near-vacuum environment in a secondary combustion chamber 44 and in a tertiary combustion chamber 46.

[0057] In operating step 50, the burner unit 14 is automatically filled horizontally with fuel. In operating step 50, the burner unit 14 is automatically filled with fuel via a screw conveyor. In operating step 50, the burner unit 14 is filled with fuel through the recess 62 in a side wall 52 of the housing unit 20. The filling speed is adjusted via the screw conveyor speed. The screw conveyor speed is set in operating step 50 according to the fuel and the selected burn time. The screw conveyor speed can be variably adjusted in operating step 50 to suit the combustion process.

[0058] In operating step 50, the burner unit 14 is cleaned of solid residues by being filled with a subsequent fuel. The solid residues are pushed out of the burner unit 14 by the subsequent fuel in operating step 50. The resulting solid residues are used as fertilizer in the agricultural industry in operating step 50. The solid residues are pushed out of the burner unit 14 into a collection basin by the subsequent fuel in operating step 50.

[0059] In operating step 50, a working range of 1% to 100% of the projected power is set by adjusting the combustion parameters. In operating step 50, the projected power is influenced by the fuel. In operating step 50, a working range is set by changing at least one combustion parameter. Alternatively, it is conceivable that in operating step 50, all combustion parameters are variably adjusted to set the working range. In operating step 50, the fuel, the combustion duration, the burner area, and / or the oxygen supply are used to set the working range. In operating step 50, the combustion duration is influenced by the fuel supply. Reference sign 10 burner system 12 Burner device 14 burner units 16 Pyrolysis units 18 energy recovery units 20 Housing unit 22 Ground level 24 burner area 26 Boundary element 28 lateral shielding element 30 reflective elements 32 additional reflective elements 34 Exclusion 36 Oxygen supply 38 additional oxygen supply 42 primary combustion area 44 secondary combustion area 46 tertiary combustion area 48 heat exchangers 50 operating step 52 side wall 54 more side walls 56 Base plate 58 Ceiling panel 60 Exclusion 62 Exclusion 64 Exclusion 66 door unit 68 lower range 70 upper range 72 Dividing floor 74 legs 76 Ignition element 78 First Section 80 Second Section 82 axis of movement 84 Actuating element 86 additional lateral shielding element 88 inner floor wall 90 Exclusion 92 inner side wall 94 Exclusion 96 Upper area 98 Lower area 100 more inner side walls Channel 102

Claims

[1] Burner system (10) with at least one burner device (12), in particular a pyrolytic burner device (12) comprising a burner unit (14) and a pyrolysis unit (16), with at least one energy utilization unit (18), in particular a thermal energy utilization unit (18) configured to utilize thermal energy generated by the burner device (12), and with a housing unit (20) accommodating the burner device (12) and the energy utilization unit (18) and having a bottom plane (22), wherein the burner unit (14) defines a burner area (24), characterized by , that the burner device (12) has a limiting element (26) which is designed to variably limit the burner area (24), wherein the limiting element (26) is designed to be adjustable parallel to the floor plane (22), whereby the burner area (24) of the combustion unit (14) is designed to be variably adjustable. [2] Burner system (10) according to claim 1, characterized by , that the pyrolysis unit (16) is arranged perpendicular to the bottom plane (22) of the housing unit (20) above the burner unit (14). [3] Burner system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the energy recovery unit (18) is arranged perpendicular to the ground plane (22) of the housing unit (20) above the pyrolysis unit (16). [4] Burner system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the pyrolysis unit (16) has at least one lateral shielding element (28), at least one reflective element (30) and at least one further reflective element (32). [5] Burner system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the burner unit (14) has a polygonal, in particular U-shaped, cross-section perpendicular to a principal extension direction. [6] Burner system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the burner unit (14) is hollow and has at least one recess (34) in a wall through which an oxygen supply (36) is provided to a burner area (24). [7] Burner system (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the burner unit (14) has a further oxygen supply (38) in the wall, wherein the further oxygen supply (38) is arranged in a near area of ​​the upper side of the burner unit (14). [8] Burner system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that in a burner unit (14) a primary combustion area (42) is formed, with a temperature of in particular 700°C - 1000°C. [9] Burner system (10) according to claim 8, characterized by, that a secondary combustion area (44), with a temperature of in particular 2500°C - 3000°C, is formed between a burner unit (14) and a reflection element (30), in which combustion gases of the primary combustion area (42) are burned. [10] Burner system (10) according to claim 9, characterized by , that between a reflective element (30) and another reflective element (32) a tertiary combustion area (46) is formed in which residues of the combustion gases from a combustion in a secondary combustion area (44) are completely burned. [11] Burner system (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the energy utilization unit (18) has a heat exchanger (48). [12] Method for operating a burner system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by, that in an operating step (50) combustion parameters, in particular the burner area (24), the combustion time and / or air supply, are adjusted to the fuel, wherein in the operating step (50) the burner area (24) is variably adjusted to the fuel by the limiting element (26). [13] Method according to claim 12, characterized by , that in the operating step (50) the burner device (12) is adapted to the quality of the fuel, in particular all types of organic substances, for example pellet fuel. [14] Method according to claim 12, characterized by , that in the operating step (50) the reflecting element (30) and the further reflecting element (32) reflect the heat radiation into the respective combustion area (42, 44, 46). [15] Method according to claim 12, characterized by, that in the operating step (50) hot air, in particular 700 to 900°C hot air, is supplied to the burner unit (14). [16] Method according to claim 12, characterized by , that in the operating step (50) in an energy utilization unit (18) thermal energy is transferred to another medium. [17] Method according to claim 16, characterized by , that in the operating step (50) a negative pressure is created between the burner unit (14) and the energy utilization unit (18) by the thermal energy removed. [18] Method according to claim 12, characterized by , that in the operating step (50) the burner unit (14) is automatically filled horizontally with fuel. [19] Method according to claim 18, characterized by , that in the operating step (50) the burner unit (14) is freed from solid residues by filling it with a further subsequent fuel. [20] Method according to claim 12, characterized by , that in the operating step (50) a working range of 1% to 100% of the projected power is set via the adjustment of the combustion parameters.

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