Formwork for a high-voltage battery, high-voltage battery and vehicle which includes the formwork

Abstract

A formwork (104) for a high-voltage battery (100) comprising a cell carrier (101) having cell vanes (103), wherein the formwork (104) has at least a partially electrically insulating wall (105) configured to tightly seal an opening for inserting cells (102) into the cell carrier (101) against the escape of fire-resistant foam from the cell carrier (101). The formwork comprises a high-voltage battery and a vehicle.

Description

[0001] The invention is based on a formwork for a high-voltage battery, a high-voltage battery and a vehicle which comprises the formwork.

[0002] DE 10 2012 222 866 A1 discloses a cover for a battery module containing battery cells. A cover body can be arranged on the remaining battery module and is made of a non-electrically conductive material. An electronic monitoring device is arranged on the cover body.

[0003] DE 10 2021 114 121 B4 discloses a method for producing a battery module. A main body is provided, which comprises a hollow body with at least one open end, which has at least one chamber inside for arranging battery cells.

[0004] FR 3 114 917 A1 discloses a battery housing suitable for accommodating a plurality of electrochemical cells, each of which experiences a degassing event. The housing has a region of lower strength for each cell. This region is positioned opposite the cell's degassing event and is capable of breaking in the event of a cell degassing event.

[0005] DE 10 2021 205 171 A1 discloses an exemplary high-voltage battery system.

[0006] The formwork according to independent claim 1 prevents fire protection foam from escaping into the cell carrier in a high-voltage battery with a cell carrier having cell tabs and electrically insulates the cell tabs.

[0007] The formwork for the high-voltage battery, which comprises the cell carrier having cell tabs, has an at least partially electrically insulating wall which is designed to tightly close an opening for inserting cells into the cell carrier against the escape of fire protection foam from the cell carrier.

[0008] Preferably, the wall has at least one window with a wall thickness that is smaller than the wall, or at least one window that is closed by a film or by a cast skin.

[0009] The film may be glued or welded to the wall.

[0010] It is particularly preferred that the cast skin be made of the same material as the wall.

[0011] A form-fitting, force-fitting and / or material-fitting fastening of the wall to the cell carrier can be provided, in particular by gluing or welding the wall to the cell carrier, or in that the wall has a first side which is designed for arranging the wall on the cell carrier, wherein the wall has at least one latching hook on the first side for fastening the formwork to a latching element on the cell carrier corresponding to the latching hook, and / or wherein the wall has at least one latching element on the first side for fastening the formwork to a latching hook on the cell carrier corresponding to the latching element.

[0012] According to the invention, the wall has a second side, wherein the second side is designed for arranging the formwork on a gas guide plate, wherein the wall on the second side comprises a projection which is designed to seal a distance between the wall and the gas guide plate against an expansion of the fire protection foam beyond the projection.

[0013] Advantageously, it can additionally be provided that the second side has a stop for movement of the wall into the cell carrier.

[0014] The protrusion comprises, for example, a perforation membrane impermeable to gas flowing between the gas guide plate and the wall. When opened, this membrane creates a gas-permeable connection through the protrusion, allowing the gas flowing between the wall and the gas guide plate to flow from one side of the protrusion to a side of the protrusion opposite the side of the protrusion. The gas exchange function here is not about the gases generated during a thermal event. Rather, it refers to an additional functionality related to the completely normal air exchange that occurs, for example, due to a pressure difference when transporting the high-voltage battery in an aircraft or when crossing a high mountain range.

[0015] A high-voltage battery comprises cells arranged in a cell carrier with cell tabs, and the formwork, with fire protection foam being arranged at least in sections between the wall and the gas guide plate.

[0016] A vehicle that includes the high-voltage battery can also be provided.

[0017] Further advantageous embodiments can be found in the following description and the drawing. The drawing shows: Fig. 1 a schematic, perspective view of part of a high-voltage battery, Fig. 2 a schematic, perspective view of part of the high-voltage battery, Fig. 3 a schematic, perspective view of part of the high-voltage battery, Fig. 4 a top view of a part of the high-voltage battery with a closed puncture membrane, Fig. 5 a schematic, perspective view of the part of the high-voltage battery with a tube that opens the piercing membrane, Fig. 6 a bottom view of the part of the high-voltage battery with opened puncture membrane.

[0018] In Fig. 1 shows a schematic, perspective view of part of a high-voltage battery 100.

[0019] The high-voltage battery 100 comprises a cell carrier 101. Cells 102 with cell tabs 103 are arranged in the cell carrier 101.

[0020] It may be provided that a vehicle (not in Fig. 1), in particular an electric vehicle, which comprises the high-voltage battery 100.

[0021] The high-voltage battery 100 comprises a casing 104.

[0022] Formwork 104 comprises a wall 105. Wall 105 extends in an x- and a z-direction and has a wall thickness in a y-direction. In the example, the directions are the x-, y-, and z-directions of a Cartesian coordinate system.

[0023] The wall 105 is designed to be electrically insulating, at least in sections. The wall 105 is made of plastic, for example, at least in sections.

[0024] In the example, the cell support 101 is filled with fire protection foam over the entire height of the cells 102. For example, in the so-called stack foaming process, the cell support 101 is filled with fire protection foam and then sealed by the wall 105. Fig. 1, the areas of the cell carrier 101 that are filled with fire protection foam are marked with 'x'.

[0025] The wall 105 is designed to tightly close an opening extending in the x- and z-directions for inserting the cells 102 into the cell carrier 101 in the y-direction, against the escape of fire protection foam from the cell carrier 101.

[0026] The wall 105 then prevents a large-scale escape of fire protection foam from the cell carrier 101.

[0027] The wall 105 has a first side configured for arranging the wall 105 on the cell carrier 101. The wall 105 has at least one latching hook 106 on the first side for fastening the formwork 104 to a latching element 107 on the cell carrier 101, said latching hook corresponding to the latching hook 106.

[0028] Instead or additionally, it may be provided that the wall 105 on the first side has at least one locking element for fastening the formwork 104 to a locking hook on the cell carrier 101 corresponding to the locking element. The locking element and corresponding locking hook represent an exemplary design. In a different design, a different form-fitting, force-fitting, and / or material-fitting fastening option may be provided.

[0029] The wall 105 has a second side. The second side has a stop 108 for movement of the wall 105 into the cell carrier 101.

[0030] The wall 105 includes a projection 109 on the second side. The projection 109 extends in the x-direction along the wall 105 and protrudes from the wall 105 in the y-direction.

[0031] After stack foaming and sealing with wall 105, the so-called modular foaming takes place. In the example, during modular foaming, only an area above projection 109 is filled with fire protection foam.

[0032] For modular foaming, the projection 109 serves as a shelf that holds the fire protection foam above the projection 109. The projection 109 is designed to prevent penetration of fire protection foam, which is applied above the projection 109, into an area below the projection 109. As a result, after modular foaming, there is no fire protection foam in the area below the projection 109. Fig. Figure 2 shows a schematic, perspective view of a portion of the high-voltage battery 100. In one embodiment of the wall 105, the wall 105 comprises at least one window 110 with a wall thickness that is smaller than the wall 105. The window 110 is arranged in the region below the projection 109.

[0033] In Fig. 2, the areas that are filled with fire protection foam above the projection 109 are marked with 'x'.

[0034] The absence of fire protection foam in the area below the projection 109 in interaction with the window 110, ie a particularly thinned structure of the wall 105, allows a targeted outgassing or a targeted burning through of the wall 105 at the location where the window 110 is provided.

[0035] In one embodiment of the wall 105, the wall 105 comprises at least one window 110 which is closed by a film or by a cast skin.

[0036] The film is glued or welded to the wall 105, for example.

[0037] The cast skin, for example, is made of the same material as wall 105.

[0038] In the example, several windows 110 are provided. The windows 110 are designed such that they will burn through during a thermal event in the cell carrier 101. For example, the material of the windows 110 or the thickness of the windows 110 is designed to burn through before the rest of the wall 105 during the thermal event.

[0039] In Fig. 3 shows a schematic, perspective view of a part of the high-voltage battery 100.

[0040] The high-voltage battery 100 comprises a space, which should remain free of fire protection foam, between the wall 105 of the formwork 104 and a gas guide plate 111. The gas guide plate 111 is arranged at a distance from the wall 105.

[0041] In Fig. 3, the areas that are filled with fire protection foam above the projection 109 are marked with 'x'.

[0042] The second side of wall 105 is designed for arranging the formwork 104 on the gas guide plate 111 of the high-voltage battery 100. Fire protection foam can be arranged or is arranged at least in sections between wall 105 and the gas guide plate 111. The projection 109 is designed to seal the space that is to remain free of fire protection foam against expansion of the fire protection foam beyond the projection 109.

[0043] Fig. 4 shows a top view of a part of the high-voltage battery 100 with a closed piercing membrane 112. In the example, the piercing membrane extends in the x-direction and the y-direction.

[0044] In the example, the projection 109 has the piercing membrane 112.

[0045] The piercing membrane 112 is impermeable to gas flowing between the gas guide plate 111 and the wall 105.

[0046] The piercing membrane 112 is designed to open a gas-permeable connection through the projection 109 when the piercing membrane 112 is opened.

[0047] In the example, the opening allows the air flowing between the wall 105 and the gas guide plate 111 to flow from one side of the projection 109 in the z-direction to a side of the projection 109 opposite the side of the projection 109.

[0048] In Fig. Figure 5 shows a schematic, perspective view of the part of the high-voltage battery 100 with a tube 113. In the example, the tube 113 extends cylindrically in the z-direction through the piercing membrane 112 and opens the piercing membrane 112.

[0049] In Fig. Figure 6 shows a bottom view of the part of the high-voltage battery 100 with the puncture membrane 112 open. In the example, the tube 113 keeps the puncture membrane 112 open.

Claims

[1] Formwork (104) for a high-voltage battery (100), wherein the formwork (104) comprises a cell carrier (101), wherein the formwork (104) has an at least partially electrically insulating wall (105) which is designed to tightly close an opening for introducing cells (102) with cell tabs (103) into the cell carrier (101) against the escape of fire protection foam from the cell carrier (101), wherein the wall (105) has a second side, wherein the second side is designed for arranging the formwork (104) on a gas guide plate (111), wherein the wall (105) comprises a projection (109) on the second side which is designed to seal a distance between the wall (105) and the gas guide plate (111) against an expansion of the fire protection foam beyond the projection (109). [2] Formwork (104) according to claim 1, characterized bythat the wall (105) has at least one window (110) with a wall thickness that is smaller than the wall (105), or at least one window (110) that is closed by a film. [3] Formwork (104) according to claim 2, characterized by that the film is glued or welded to the wall (105). [4] Formwork (104) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized byin that a positive, non-positive, and / or material-locking fastening of the wall (105) to the cell carrier (101) is provided, in particular by gluing or welding the wall (105) to the cell carrier (101), or in that the wall (105) has a first side which is designed for arranging the wall (105) on the cell carrier (101), wherein the wall (105) has at least one latching hook (106) on the first side for fastening the formwork (104) to a latching element (107) on the cell carrier (101) corresponding to the latching hook (106), and / or wherein the wall (105) has at least one latching element on the first side for fastening the formwork (104) to a latching hook on the cell carrier (101) corresponding to the latching element. [5] Formwork (104) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the second side has a stop (108) for movement of the wall (105) into the cell carrier (101). [6] Formwork (104) according to claim 5, characterized byin that the projection (109) comprises a puncture membrane (112) which is impermeable to gas flowing between the gas guide plate (111) and the wall (105), the opening of which membrane opens up a connection which is permeable to air through the projection (109), which connection allows the air flowing between the wall (105) and the gas guide plate (111) to flow from one side of the projection (109) to a side of the projection (109) opposite the side of the projection (109). [7] High-voltage battery (100) comprising cells (102) with cell tabs (103) arranged in a cell carrier (101), and the formwork (104) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein fire protection foam is arranged at least in sections between the wall (105) and the gas guide plate (111). [8] Vehicle, characterized by that the vehicle comprises the high-voltage battery (100) according to claim 7.

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