Exterior cladding element

Abstract

The invention relates to an outer cladding element 100 for a track-guided vehicle 1 for passenger transport, comprising a supporting structure 110 and at least one covering body 120 supported by the supporting structure 110, wherein the covering body 120 is designed as a flexible membrane.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to an outer cladding element for a rail-guided vehicle for passenger transport, comprising a supporting structure and at least one enveloping body carried by the supporting structure.

[0002] Furthermore, the invention relates to a track-guided vehicle comprising at least one such or further developed outer cladding element as described below.

[0003] Modern track-guided vehicles, such as rail vehicles, especially those used for passenger transport, are equipped with a multitude of components (e.g., air conditioning, other cooling systems, power converters, dynamic brakes, water tanks, compressors). These components are usually installed in the roof or underfloor area. Since they are exposed to the elements (sun, rain, snow), they must be protected by cladding and enclosures. The different shapes and sizes of various components result in a non-uniform roof and underfloor landscape, with obvious aerodynamic disadvantages for driving resistance and crosswind stability.

[0004] To compensate for the aerodynamic disadvantages of a non-uniform roof or underfloor landscape, aprons, covers, and cladding made of sheet metal or plastic, for example, are generally used. However, these components require complex design and manufacture and must adhere to precise manufacturing tolerances.

[0005] Based on this, the object of the invention is to provide an exterior cladding element that provides simplified cladding for different components of a track-guided vehicle.

[0006] This object is achieved by the outer cladding element of claim 1 and the track-guided vehicle of claim 11.

[0007] Advantageous embodiments and further developments are the subject of the respective subclaims.

[0008] According to the invention, an exterior cladding element is provided for a rail-guided vehicle for passenger transport. The exterior cladding element comprises a supporting structure and at least one enveloping body supported by the supporting structure, the enveloping body being designed as a flexible membrane.

[0009] According to the invention, a track-guided vehicle for passenger transport is further provided, comprising at least one such outer cladding element or one further developed as described below.

[0010] The enveloping body is a body that envelops the supporting structure.

[0011] The envelope is designed as a flexible membrane. The membrane can be, for example, a tarpaulin or film, preferably made of plastic. However, it is also possible for it to be a textile membrane or a composite material.

[0012] The membrane largely shields the cavity beneath the shell from external influences. In addition to improving aerodynamics, it also reduces the penetration of particles, rain, or snow.

[0013] A particularly advantageous feature is that the enveloping body improves the aerodynamic properties of the track-guided vehicle.

[0014] A further advantage is that the enveloping body can replace existing exterior cladding (e.g., sheet metal hoods, aprons) of a rail-guided vehicle. Eliminating or simplifying cladding components and covers simplifies design and production, and weight can be reduced.

[0015] Furthermore, this inventive concept meets all the requirements for a technical concept suitable for retrofitting existing rail-guided vehicles. The inventive covering or covering with a membrane can be individually adapted to the specific geometric conditions. Furthermore, it meets the requirements of lightweight construction and only slightly increases the overall weight of a rail-guided vehicle.

[0016] The solution according to the invention creates an aerodynamically improved outer contour of the exterior cladding element for a rail-guided passenger transport vehicle. This leads to a reduction in driving resistance and energy consumption. Furthermore, a vehicle according to the invention has improved crosswind stability.

[0017] The track-guided vehicle is, for example, a rail vehicle or a magnetic levitation train, preferably for passenger transport.

[0018] Such vehicles suitable for passenger transport are specifically adapted to the transport of many people.

[0019] Preferably, the outer cladding element has an arched or roof-shaped cross-section.

[0020] The arched or roof-shaped cross-section refers to a cross-section in the transverse direction of the track-guided vehicle.

[0021] Arched or roofed means that there is a cavity beneath the exterior cladding element formed by an arch or roof.

[0022] A rectangular cross-section is preferably formed, with trapezoidal bevelled or arched rounded side roof edges.

[0023] The supporting structure is designed accordingly to create the arched or roof-shaped cross-section of the exterior cladding element.

[0024] In the design of the outer cladding element, it can be provided that the enveloping body is detachably connected to the supporting structure, preferably in segments.

[0025] This ensures that the exterior cladding element can be opened and closed by detaching the cladding body from the supporting structure. In the open position, the cladding body is detached from the supporting structure. In the closed position, the cladding body is connected to the supporting structure.

[0026] It is possible for the enveloping body to be designed to be detachable from the supporting structure in segments, so that only a part of the enveloping body can be detached from the supporting structure and / or folded back / folded.

[0027] The segment-by-segment opening allows for easier access to the underlying components, thus facilitating maintenance. The enclosing body can be opened segment-by-segment, allowing only the required areas to be accessed. This makes the enclosing body easier to handle than conventional cladding parts / covers, etc. Furthermore, it allows for easier replacement of the enclosing body segment in the event of a defect.

[0028] In a further development of the outer cladding element, it can further be provided that the enveloping body has at least one opening, wherein preferably a collar and / or attachment is inserted into the at least one opening.

[0029] This provides a design of the exterior cladding element that allows air circulation to be achieved at defined openings.

[0030] Furthermore, this improves air circulation.

[0031] Furthermore, in the embodiment of the outer cladding element, it can be provided that the outer cladding element has at least one tensioning device which is designed to tension the enveloping body, wherein the tensioning device preferably has two redundant holding devices.

[0032] This provides a device that enables the enveloping body to be pre-stressed and fixed to the supporting structure.

[0033] As an alternative to providing a tensioning device, the casing body can have eyelets which are tensioned with ropes or other fastening devices.

[0034] The outer cladding element can further provide that the supporting structure has a plurality of bows, which are preferably connected to one another by webs.

[0035] The bows extend like frames and / or form an arched or roof-shaped cross-section.

[0036] The supporting structure is preferably made of tubes or profiles, which are preferably connected to one another as a metal structure. To connect the bows, webs are formed that extend between the individual bows. The supporting structure can also have additional cross webs located between the webs.

[0037] The shape of the shell is defined by the bows, webs, and crosspieces, which mechanically stabilize the shell. The shell is clamped to the supporting structure.

[0038] It is possible that tolerances can be compensated for by the elastic properties of the enveloping body.

[0039] In a further development of the outer cladding element, it can further be provided that the enveloping body has a first surface and a second surface, wherein the first surface has different properties than the second surface.

[0040] For example, it can be provided that the first surface has a different color than the second surface. This ensures that, for example, a different surface color faces outward, depending on the season.

[0041] For example, it may be provided that the first surface has a white color and the second surface has a black color so that it can be turned seasonally.

[0042] Furthermore, it can be provided that the first surface and the second surface are coated and / or structured differently, so that, for example, the first surface is designed in such a way that particle adhesion is specifically prevented, whereas the second surface is designed in such a way that water or ice adhesion is specifically prevented.

[0043] Furthermore, in the design of the outer cladding element, it can be provided that in a cross section of the enveloping body, the first surface and the second surface are arranged on opposite sides of the enveloping body.

[0044] This makes it possible for a single enveloping body to have two differently constructed surface sides, whereby by turning the outer cladding element has different surface properties on an outward-facing surface side.

[0045] In a further development of the outer cladding element, it can be provided that the enveloping body is designed such that either the first surface or the second surface is in contact with the supporting structure.

[0046] This creates a reversible enveloping body. Either the first surface side or the second surface side can be placed on the supporting structure to maintain contact with it.

[0047] Furthermore, in the design of the outer cladding element, it can be provided that the enveloping body is made of an electrically insulating material or a deliberately conductive material.

[0048] This ensures that the enveloping body protects underlying components from electric shocks (e.g. from lightning strikes or overhead line failure) by means of an electrically insulating material or an electrically conductive material, preferably electrically conductive material with earthing points in specific areas.

[0049] Furthermore, in the embodiment of the track-guided vehicle, it can be provided that the track-guided vehicle has a roof and that at least one outer cladding element is arranged on the roof, wherein the supporting structure is connected to the roof of the track-guided vehicle.

[0050] This ensures that the roof of the track-guided vehicle is covered by the outer cladding element.

[0051] In a further development of the rail-guided vehicle, it can further be provided that at least one component designed as a roof structure is arranged on the roof of the rail vehicle, wherein the at least one component is covered by the outer cladding element.

[0052] The outer cladding element protects the components from environmental influences (particles, water, snow, sun) and also protects the components from electric shocks from the overhead line and lightning strikes.

[0053] Furthermore, at least one component designed as a roof structure is aerodynamically covered by the outer cladding element, resulting in lower wind loads.

[0054] In addition, external tolerances between the roof container and the components in relation to the vehicle are compensated by the shell.

[0055] Furthermore, the track-guided vehicle can provide that the at least one component has at least one air inlet and / or air outlet and the at least one opening of the outer cladding element is assigned to the air inlet and / or air outlet.

[0056] This ensures that both the at least one air inlet and / or air outlet and the at least one opening are associated with each other in such a way that an air flow through the at least one opening of the outer cladding element is not impeded.

[0057] Furthermore, in the design of the track-guided vehicle, it can be provided that a plurality of outer cladding elements are arranged modularly next to one another.

[0058] Preferably, the plurality of outer cladding elements are arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the track-guided vehicle.

[0059] If several outer cladding elements are formed, these are preferably connected to one another and the enveloping bodies of the individual outer cladding elements can also be connected to one another.

[0060] Furthermore, it can be provided that the individual outer cladding elements or their respective supporting structure are connected to one another by connectors which connect the outer contour formed by the individual outer cladding elements to one another.

[0061] This allows larger areas of the track-guided vehicle or car body to be covered modularly with a number of exterior cladding elements. This makes it possible to cover larger areas continuously.

[0062] In an embodiment, it can be provided that the majority of exterior cladding elements are constructed in different modules in adaptation to the components designed as a roof structure located underneath the exterior cladding element.

[0063] This makes it possible to achieve a certain degree of prefabrication while at the same time allowing for flexible design.

[0064] In a further development of the track-guided vehicle, it can further be provided that the track-guided vehicle has at least one car body, preferably a plurality of car bodies, and the at least outer cladding element essentially continuously covers at least 25%, preferably at least 50% of a roof length of the car body.

[0065] This ensures that a large part of at least one car body is completely covered.

[0066] It can further be provided that the at least one outer cladding element adjoins one or more fixed roof cladding elements and the cross-sectional shape of the fixed roof cladding element is continued by the outer cladding element.

[0067] This ensures that the exterior cladding element is adapted to the fixed roof cladding elements, so that the roof contour has a visually closed appearance thanks to the exterior cladding element.

[0068] In one embodiment, at least one fixed roof cladding element can be arranged in front of the outer cladding element in the longitudinal direction of the track-guided vehicle, and at least one fixed roof cladding element can be arranged behind the outer cladding element in the longitudinal direction of the track-guided vehicle. At least one fixed roof cladding element can be arranged between two outer cladding elements.

[0069] This ensures that the wind penetrates under at least one outer cladding element.

[0070] The at least one fixed roof cladding element is preferably designed such that it covers the entire cross-section of the enveloping body.

[0071] The at least one fixed roof cladding element can be designed as sheet metal elements or as aprons.

[0072] Furthermore, it can be provided that a fixed roof cladding element made of sheet metal is designed as a closing element at the rear of the rail-guided vehicle. It can also be provided that the at least one fixed roof cladding element is directly connected to the last roof container of a carriage of a rail-guided vehicle. The enveloping body is preferably attached to the at least one fixed roof cladding element to prevent air from penetrating there.

[0073] This has not only aesthetic advantages, but also technical advantages, such as the cladding of the underlying components mentioned above.

[0074] In a further development of the track-guided vehicle, it can further be provided that the at least one outer cladding element is an element that improves the aerodynamics of the track-guided vehicle.

[0075] In addition to the above-mentioned cladding of the components by the outer cladding element and the associated improved aerodynamics of the track-guided vehicle, it is possible that the outer cladding element has a geometry and / or surface structure that improves the aerodynamics of the track-guided vehicle.

[0076] It can further be provided that the material of the enveloping body can change the state rigid / flexible, e.g. by pneumatic inflation of a chamber structure.

[0077] Chemical curing may also be required. (Inflating and curing is more like a transition from flexible to rigid, and once cured, the change is likely irreversible.)

[0078] In one embodiment, the material of the enveloping body can be designed in such a way that, due to its flexible construction, it allows vibrations during the movement of the rail-guided vehicle. This results in additional dynamic vibrations of the enveloping body arising from the operation of the rail vehicle, which cause particles, water droplets, or ice crystals that settle on the membrane to detach. This prevents the permanent deposition of particles, water droplets, or ice crystals on the membrane.

[0079] To reinforce the enveloping body, it is possible to incorporate at least one stiffening element into the flexible membrane. Such a stiffening element can be designed as battens. The stiffening element can reinforce the enveloping body at the distance between the underlying supporting structure. This increases the stiffness and stability of the enveloping body, but still allows the enveloping body to be opened segmentally. The stiffening elements can be arranged in the longitudinal and / or transverse direction of the track-guided vehicle. The stiffening elements are arranged in a way that allows the enveloping body to be opened segmentally.

[0080] Furthermore, it can be provided that part of the roof of the track-guided vehicle is designed to be walkable.

[0081] In order to improve the accessibility of the roof of the track-guided vehicle, it can be provided that the shell itself or the supporting structure is reinforced in sections.

[0082] Furthermore, it can be provided that the webs, bows, crossbars and connectors are also designed to be foldable or easily detachable, so that after the casing is released or folded over, they can be easily folded away and the components and the roof are accessible.

[0083] The exterior cladding element is designed as a retrofit component that can be mounted on existing rail-guided vehicles.

[0084] Finally, it should be mentioned that known solutions, such as tarpaulins for the transport of bulk goods, for example in freight wagons, or tarpaulins for trucks, cannot be compared with the solution according to the invention, since the invention provides an outer cladding element that forms an independent component that can also be subsequently added to a rail-guided vehicle.

[0085] The invention will now be explained using an embodiment with reference to the drawings.

[0086] They show: Fig. 1 a perspective schematic representation of the track-guided vehicle according to the invention with at least one outer cladding element according to the invention in the open state according to a first embodiment; Fig. 2 a perspective schematic enlarged view of the track-guided vehicle according to the invention according to Fig. 1; Fig. 3 a perspective schematic representation of the track-guided vehicle according to the invention with at least one outer cladding element according to the invention in the open state with connectors according to the first embodiment; Fig. 4 a perspective schematic representation of the track-guided vehicle according to the invention with the at least one outer cladding element according to the invention in the closed state according to the first embodiment; Fig. 5 a perspective schematic enlarged view of the track-guided vehicle according to the invention according to Fig. 4; Fig. 6 a perspective schematic representation of the track-guided vehicle according to the invention with the at least one outer cladding element according to the invention in the closed state with collars and / or attachments according to the first embodiment; Fig. 7 a perspective schematic enlarged view of the track-guided vehicle according to the invention according to Fig. 6; and Fig. 8 that in Fig. 6 shows a track-guided vehicle with at least one outer cladding element according to the invention in a plan view and a side view.

[0087] Fig. 1 shows a perspective schematic representation of the track-guided vehicle 1 according to the invention with at least one outer cladding element 100 according to the invention in the open state without connectors according to a first embodiment.

[0088] Fig. 2 shows a perspective schematic enlarged view of the track-guided vehicle 1 according to the invention according to Fig. 1.

[0089] The track-guided vehicle 1 according to the invention is designed for passenger transport and comprises at least one outer cladding element 100 according to the invention.

[0090] The outer cladding element 100 is therefore suitable for a rail-guided vehicle 1 for passenger transport.

[0091] The exterior cladding element 100 comprises a supporting structure 110, as can be seen from the Fig. 1 and the Fig. 2 can be seen.

[0092] Fig. 3 shows a perspective schematic representation of the track-guided vehicle according to the invention with at least one outer cladding element 100 according to the invention in the open state with connectors 118 according to the first embodiment.

[0093] Fig. 4 shows a perspective schematic representation of the track-guided vehicle 1 according to the invention with the at least one outer cladding element 100 according to the invention in the closed state without collars and / or attachments according to the first embodiment.

[0094] Fig. 5 shows a perspective schematic enlarged view of the track-guided vehicle 1 according to the invention according to Fig. 4.

[0095] As from the Fig. 4, the outer cladding element 100 according to the invention has at least one enveloping body 120 carried by the supporting structure 110.

[0096] The enveloping body 120 is designed as a flexible membrane.

[0097] As can be seen from the Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. As can be clearly seen in Figure 3, the exterior cladding element 100 has an arched or roof-shaped cross-section. This is defined by the supporting structure 110.

[0098] The supporting structure 110 has a plurality of bows 112, which are preferably connected to each other by webs 114. As can be seen from the Fig. 2, transverse webs 116 are also formed, which serve to stiffen certain areas of the supporting structure 110.

[0099] As can be seen from the figures, the track-guided vehicle 1 has a roof 3.

[0100] The at least one outer cladding element 100 is arranged on the roof 3.

[0101] As can be seen from the Fig. 1 to 3, the supporting structure 110 is connected to the roof 3 of the track-guided vehicle 1.

[0102] At least one component 12 designed as a roof structure is arranged on the roof 3 of the track-guided vehicle, wherein the at least one component 12 is covered by the outer cladding element 100.

[0103] As in the Fig. 4, the enveloping body 120 is detachably connected to the supporting structure 110, preferably in segments.

[0104] Fig. 6 shows a perspective schematic representation of the track-guided vehicle 1 according to the invention with the at least one outer cladding element 100 according to the invention in the closed state with collars and / or attachments 123 according to the first embodiment.

[0105] Fig. 7 shows a perspective schematic enlarged view of the track-guided vehicle 1 according to the invention according to Fig. 6.

[0106] Fig. 8 that in Fig. 6 shows a track-guided vehicle 1 with at least one outer cladding element 100 according to the invention in a plan view and a side view.

[0107] The enveloping body 120 has at least one opening 122, wherein preferably a collar and / or attachment 123 is inserted into the at least one opening 122.

[0108] The at least one component 12 has at least one air inlet and / or air outlet 13 and the at least one opening 122 is assigned to the air inlet and / or air outlet 13.

[0109] The outer cladding element 100 has at least one tensioning device 130 which is designed to tension the enveloping body 120, wherein the tensioning device 130 preferably has two redundant holding devices.

[0110] As from the Fig. As can be seen in Figure 5, fastening can be achieved by holding devices 132 in the middle and clamping devices 130 in the side.

[0111] As can be seen in the figures, a plurality of corresponding connection points are formed at the lower end of the enveloping body.

[0112] The at least one outer cladding element 100 is an element that improves the aerodynamics of the track-guided vehicle 1.

[0113] The at least one exterior cladding element 100 adjoins at least one fixed roof cladding element 14 and the cross-sectional shape of the fixed roof cladding element 14 is continued by the exterior cladding element 100.

[0114] As can be seen from the Fig. 4, Fig. 6 and Fig. 8, the track-guided vehicle has at least one car body 2, preferably a plurality of car bodies 2, and the at least outer cladding element 100 essentially continuously covers at least 25%, preferably at least 50% of a roof length L of the car body 2.

[0115] A plurality of exterior cladding elements 100 can be arranged modularly. These can be arranged as in Fig. 3 shown connected via the connectors.

[0116] As can be seen from the figures, the enveloping body 120 has a first surface 124 and a second surface 126. The first surface 124 can have different properties than the second surface 126.

[0117] According to the figures, the first surface 124 is directed upwards and the second surface 126 is directed downwards.

[0118] In a cross-section of the enveloping body 120, the first surface 124 and the second surface 126 are thus arranged on opposite sides of the enveloping body 120.

[0119] The enveloping body 120 is thus designed such that either the first surface 124 or the second surface 126 is in contact with the supporting structure 110.

[0120] The enveloping body 120 is preferably formed from an electrically insulating material or a deliberately conductive material.

[0121] The above disclosure applies equally to a rail-guided vehicle 1 comprising at least one outer cladding element 100 designed as described above. Likewise, the above disclosure can also relate to an individual car body 2 of a rail-guided vehicle 1.

[0122] Finally, it should be noted that the features of all the above-described embodiments can be combined with each other in any desired manner to form further alternative embodiments of the invention. Furthermore, all features of subclaims can be combined individually with any feature of any other claim, either individually or in any desired combination, to obtain further alternative embodiments.

[0123] Although the invention has been illustrated and described in detail by means of an embodiment, the invention is not limited by the disclosed examples and other variations can be derived therefrom by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.

[0124] Regardless of the grammatical gender of a particular term, persons with male, female or other gender identities are included.

Claims

[1] Exterior cladding element (100) for a track-guided vehicle (1) for passenger transport, comprising a supporting structure (110) and at least one enveloping body (120) carried by the supporting structure (110), characterized by that the enveloping body (120) is designed as a flexible membrane. [2] Exterior cladding element (100) according to claim 1, characterized by that the outer cladding element (100) has an arched or roof-shaped cross-section. [3] Exterior cladding element (100) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by that the enveloping body (120) is detachably connected to the supporting structure (110), preferably in segments. [4] Exterior cladding element (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the enveloping body (120) has at least one opening (122), wherein preferably a collar and / or attachment (123) is inserted into the at least one opening (122). [5] Exterior cladding element (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the outer cladding element (100) has at least one tensioning device (130) which is designed to tension the enveloping body (120), wherein the tensioning device (130) preferably has two redundant holding devices. [6] Exterior cladding element (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the supporting structure (110) has a plurality of bows (112) which are preferably connected to one another by webs (114). [7] Exterior cladding element (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the enveloping body (120) has a first surface (124) and a second surface (126), wherein the first surface (124) has different properties than the second surface (126). [8] Exterior cladding element (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat in a cross-section of the enveloping body (120), the first surface (124) and the second surface (126) are arranged on opposite sides of the enveloping body (120). [9] Exterior cladding element (100) according to claim 8, characterized by that the enveloping body (120) is designed such that either the first surface (124) or the second surface (126) is in contact with the supporting structure (110). [10] Exterior cladding element (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the enveloping body (120) is formed from an electrically insulating material or an electrically conductive material. [11] Track-guided vehicle (1) for passenger transport, comprising at least one outer cladding element (100) according to one of claims 1 to 10. [12] Track-guided vehicle (1) according to claim 11, characterized bythat the track-guided vehicle (1) has a roof (3), and that the at least one outer cladding element (100) is arranged on the roof (3), wherein the supporting structure (110) is connected to the roof (3) of the track-guided vehicle (1). [13] Track-guided vehicle (1) according to one of claims 11 or 12, characterized by that at least one component (12) designed as a roof structure is arranged on the roof (3) of the rail vehicle, wherein the at least one component (12) is covered by the outer cladding element (100). [14] Track-guided vehicle (1) according to claim 13, characterized by that the at least one component (12) has at least one air inlet and / or air outlet (13) and the at least one opening (122) is assigned to the air inlet and / or air outlet (13). [15] Track-guided vehicle (1) according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterized bythat a plurality of exterior cladding elements (100) are arranged modularly next to one another. [16] Track-guided vehicle (1) according to one of claims 11 to 15, characterized by that the track-guided vehicle has at least one car body (2), preferably a plurality of car bodies (2), and the at least one outer cladding element (100) essentially continuously covers at least 25%, preferably at least 50% of a roof length of the at least one car body (2). [17] Track-guided vehicle (1) according to one of claims 11 to 16, characterized by that the at least one outer cladding element (100) adjoins a fixed roof cladding element (14) and the cross-sectional shape of the fixed roof cladding element (14) is continued by the outer cladding element (100). [18] Track-guided vehicle (1) according to one of claims 11 to 17, characterized bythat the at least one outer cladding element (100) is an element which improves the aerodynamics of the track-guided vehicle (1).

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