Process and plant for recycling assemblies or mixtures of materials made from plastics and biomaterials

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for recycling assemblies (74) or mixtures of materials (76) consisting of at least one plastic (38) and at least one biomaterial (36), comprising the following steps: - separating the at least one plastic (38) from the at least one biomaterial (36), - digesting the at least one plastic (38) in a digestion plant (14, 16, 18), - synthesizing a recycled plastic (48) from a digestion product obtained in a synthesis plant (20, 22), - thermally recovering the at least one biomaterial (36) in a thermal recovery plant (24), wherein - the heat released during the thermal recovery of the biomaterial (36) is transferred at least partially to one of the digestion plants (14, 16, 18) and / or one of the synthesis plants (20, 22). The invention further relates to a plant (10) for carrying out such a method.

Description

The invention relates to a method for recycling assemblies or substance mixtures of at least one plastic and at least one biomaterial, and to a system for carrying out such a method according to the preamble of the independent claims.In the recycling of waste streams containing plastics, the multiplicity of polymers used represents a great technological challenge. The different physical and chemical properties of the polymers, such as widely spaced melting points, prevent cotreatment in conventional mechanical recycling. At the same time, it is to be anticipated that the departure from fossil starting materials will increase the use of biomaterials which are generally poorly recyclable or can be used in terms of material. This suggests that in the future the heterogeneity of the recycled waste streams will increase further. In principle, recycling of polymer materials is known. Promising new recycling technologies such as physical recycling, (thermo)chemical recycling or biochemical recycling have already been developed in the past, which are superior in some points to conventional mechanical recycling, since they make possible, for example, the production of quasi-neu valued polymers.DE 43 17 808 A1 discloses a method and an apparatus for separating mixtures of at least two material components of different melting temperature, in particular for separating bicomponent plastic granules. This is achieved by heating the material to the melting temperature of the lowest-melting material component and supplying this melt to a fine-pored, metallic or ceramic separating element. In this case, the molten material component is discharged through the separating element and the unmelted material component is discharged in front of a filter of the device.DE 43 24 112 C1 discloses a method for recycling plastics, in particular bottles, containers, etc. The method comprises the following steps: comminution of the starting product; storage of the comminuted, dry plastics wastes in a storage container; metering of the plastics wastes by means of a conveying element into a stirred container equipped with a heating jacket; melting of the plastics wastes at about 300-350° C. in the stirred container; feeding the melt into a tube-splitting furnace, wherein at about 400-450° C. the polymers are converted into intermediates (starting materials) which can be vaporized and split in the steam cracker in a conventional manner; Separation of the above products by means of a first column directly connected downstream of the tube-cracking furnace into a bottom product obtained at about 330-380° C., which, after removal of the residues and solids, is on the one hand directly returned to the tube-cracking furnace and on the other hand conducted as heating medium through the stirred vessel and through the heating jacket of the stirred vessel and fed again to the tube-cracking furnace, and into a top product obtained at about 240° C., which, after partial condensation, is fed to a second column at about 110° C.; separation of the liquid / gas mixture obtained after the partial condensation by means of the above second column.DE 43 29 434 A1 discloses a process for reducing the molar mass of waste plastics or waste plastics mixtures, in which products are obtained which lead to stable mixtures when mixed into intermediate petroleum products. The old plastics or old plastics mixtures are processed via extruders having a progressive temperature profile above 2 / 3 and a degressive temperature profile above 1 / 3 of the effective process length of the extruder. Downstream static mixers with a graded temperature profile make the melt per se and the molecular weight uniform. The processing unit for processing can be integrated into the refinery units (cracking, hydrogenation, gasification, visbreaking) or can be installed externally, the waste plastic treated in this way then being incorporated into the refinery stream via a bypass device.DE 43 29 476 A1 discloses a method and a recovery plant by means of which the starting material is first brought to minus 120 to minus 150° C. without producing environmentally damaging emissions and is thereby embrittled in order then to be comminuted and sorted. Both the comminution and the sorting take place in the low-temperature state, so that it is possible to recover both the valuable metals and the plastics in thermally unchanged form, so that these can advantageously be further processed. This can increase public acceptance with respect to the plastics and computer industry, since the reutilizability and thus the waste avoidance can be ensured.The object of the invention is to improve the recycling of assemblies or components made from one or more biomass-containing materials and one or more plastics and in particular to reduce the energy requirement for the recycling process.The object is achieved by a method for recycling assemblies, components or substance mixtures of at least one plastic and at least one biomaterial. The method according to the invention for recycling assemblies made of at least one plastic and at least one biomaterial comprises the following steps:separating the at least one plastic from the at least one biomaterial,opening the at least one plastic in a digestion plant,synthesizing a recycled plastic from a digestion product produced in the digestion plant in a synthesis plant, andthermal processing of the at least one biomaterial in a thermal processing system, whereinthe heat released during the thermal utilization of the bioplastic is at least partially transferred to one of the connection systems and / or one of the synthesis systems.In this context, a plastic is to be understood as meaning, in particular, thermoplastics, thermosetting plastics and elastomers and also composites of a plurality of different plastics. A biomaterial is understood to mean a naturally occurring or further-processed material, such as (but not limited to) wood, vegetable fibers, yarns and fabrics obtained from vegetable fibers, cotton, wool, and the like.By solubiliser of a plastics material is meant the decomposition or cleavage of the polymers of the plastics material into smaller units, such as polymerisable monomers or other low molecular weight compounds, oligomers (comprising chains of 2 to 10 monomer units) and / or short polymer chains (comprising chains of more than 10 monomer units).In this context, a synthesis is understood to mean, in particular, chemical conversion of a reactant to give a novel product. The reactant comprises the digestion products obtained in the digestion process, in particular monomers or other low molecular weight compounds, oligomers and / or polymers. The product of the synthesis may comprise any chemical compounds. The product is preferably a plastic, i.e. a polymer (also referred to below as recycling plastic), or a starting material for such a material, in particular monomers, oligomers and / or polymers. Thermal utilization is understood to mean a process in which the biomaterial is degraded with release of energy, in particular a combustion of the biomaterial.The method according to the invention has the advantage that the energy requirement during recycling of the plastic fraction from the assembly and / or the substance mixture can be reduced, since the heat of the biomaterial which is not recyclable can be used for the recycling processes of the plastic fraction from the assembly or the substance mixture during the thermal utilization of the non-recyclable biomaterial.The features mentioned in the dependent claims allow advantageous improvements and further developments of the method mentioned in the independent claim for recycling assemblies or substance mixtures of at least one plastic and at least one biomaterial.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that assemblies, the component or the substance mixture are comminuted in a comminution plant before separation. By comminution, in particular by shredding, grinding or breaking, the separation of the plastic or the plastics from the biomaterial(s) can be facilitated. In addition, the energy consumption for the subsequent processes can be reduced, in which energy-intensive pulping of the plastics is otherwise necessary.In an advantageous embodiment of the method, it is provided that the pulping of the plastic comprises at least two different pulping processes, which are carried out in series. Since different utilization technologies are advantageous for different polymers or polymer mixtures, it is particularly advantageous in a recycling process according to the invention if the latter is carried out in multiple stages, so that the recycling of different plastic components can be carried out in each case using the method which is particularly advantageous in terms of energy for this plastic component. The various methods of the digestion processes include, in particular (but not exclusively), mechanical recycling, extrusion, dissolution, enzymolysis, solvolysis, depolymerization, pyrolysis and gasification.It is preferred here if the at least two different digestion processes comprise an enzyme-activated digestion of the plastic, a chemical recycling of the plastic and / or a pyrolysis of the plastic. Alternatively, the at least two different digestion processes can also combine a plurality of enzymatic, chemical or pyrolytic processes with one another, such that two or more processes of the same type are used for digestion of the plastic.It is particularly preferred in this case if the different digestion processes are run through starting with the process with the lowest energy requirement and ending with the process with the highest energy requirement. This allows a particularly energy-efficient implementation of the recycling method, since the energy-intensive processes can be supported with more energy from the thermal utilization system than the less energy-intensive processes.In particular, it is provided that the mass of the plastic or of an intermediate product originating from the preceding digestion process continuously decreases from the first digestion process to the last digestion process. This makes it possible to carry out the method in a particularly efficient manner, since the processes with the highest mass used have a lower energy requirement than the energy-intensive subsequent processes in which a smaller residual amount of plastic is disintegrated. By such a cascaded combination of different digestion technologies and a corresponding energy transfer from the utilization path of the thermal utilization of the biomaterial, a particularly efficient implementation of the recycling process is possible.In an advantageous embodiment of the method, it is provided that the synthesis of the recycled plastic comprises at least two different synthesis methods. As a result, the process can be divided into a plurality of stages, it being possible for the individual processes of the synthesis to be optimized independently of one another with regard to the process conditions.It is particularly preferred in this case if the synthesis of the recycled plastic comprises a monomer production and a polymer production following the monomer production. This makes it possible to produce the recycled plastic in a particularly favorable manner from a process standpoint.In an advantageous embodiment of the method, it is provided that the carbon dioxide released during the thermal utilization of the biomaterial is separated off and the carbon contained therein is reacted in one of the synthesis processes. A further advantage of this technology is that all carbons which are released during thermal utilization have previously been bound from the atmosphere during plant growth and can accordingly be considered climate-neutral. As a result, not only can the carbon dioxide emissions be reduced, but the carbon dioxide can also be used as a starting material for the synthesis of the recycled plastic.A further partial aspect of the invention relates to a system for recycling assemblies or substance mixtures of at least one plastic and at least one biomaterial. The plant comprises:a sorting installation for separating the at least one plastic from the at least one biomaterial,a digestion plant for digestion of the at least one plastic,a synthesis plant for producing a recycling plastic from a digestion product produced in the digestion plant,a thermal processing system for the thermal utilization of the at least one biomaterial,at least one heat transfer unit which at least partially transfers heat released during the thermal utilization of the biomaterial to one of the digestion plants and one of the synthesis plants, anda control unit which is configured to perform a method described in the preceding paragraphs when a computer-readable program code is executed by a computing unit of the control unit.Such a system makes possible a particularly energy-efficient recycling of a plastic from a structural group or a substance mixture of at least one recyclable plastic and a biomaterial.The various embodiments of the invention mentioned in this application can be combined with one another with advantage unless stated otherwise in the individual case.The invention is explained below in exemplary embodiments with reference to the associated drawings. The following are shown: FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of a plant according to the invention for recycling an assembly, a component or a substance mixture of at least one plastic and at least one biomaterial, FIG. 2 shows a flow diagram for carrying out a method according to the invention for recycling an assembly, a component or a substance mixture of at least one plastic and at least one biomaterial, FIG. 3 shows a flow diagram of a method according to the invention, wherein the assembly, the component or the substance mixture has a plurality of different plastics which are broken up, separated and synthesized to form a recycled plastics material in a multistage method. FIG. 4 shows a flow diagram of a method according to the invention for recycling an assembly, a component or a substance mixture which comprises at least one plastic and at least one biomaterial.FIG. 1 shows a plant 10 for recycling assemblies 74 or substance mixtures 76 made of at least one plastic 38 and at least one biomaterial 36. The plant 10 further comprises a sorting plant 12 in which the comminuted assembly 74 or the substance mixture 76 is separated into plastics 38 and biomaterials 36. Such a separation can be carried out in a known manner by suitable process engineering processes such as, for example, a float sink separation or a spectroscopic detection and sorting.The plant 10 further comprises a recycling path 40 for producing a recycled plastic 48 from the comminuted plastic 38 from the separation plant 12. The recycling path 40 comprises a digestion path 41, a thermal utilization path 44 and a synthesis path 42. The digestion path 41 comprises at least one digestion plant 14, preferably a plurality of digestion plants 14, 16, 18 arranged in series, which utilize the comminuted plastic 38 from the separation plant 12. FIG. 1 shows a digestion path 41 with three digestion plants 14, 16, 18, wherein in the digestion path 41 shown in FIG. 1, the first digestion plant 14 is a bioreactor with an enzyme-activated cascade, the second digestion plant 16 is a digestion plant for a chemical recycling process and the third digestion plant 18 is a plant for pyrolysis of the plastic. Alternatively, the three digestion plants 14, 16, 18 can also be passed through in a different sequence in order to enable separation of the comminuted plastic 38 from the separation plant 12. However, the described sequence is particularly efficient and therefore advantageous. The synthesis path 42 comprises at least one synthesis plant 20, preferably two or more synthesis plants 20, 22, which are arranged in series. In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the synthesis path 42 comprises two synthesis units 20, 22, wherein the first synthesis unit 20 is a unit for monomer production and the second synthesis unit 22 is a unit for production of a polymer. The thermal utilization path 44 has a thermal utilization system 24, in which the biomaterial 36 is thermally utilized.A first heat exchanger 26 is provided between the thermal utilization system 24 and the first digestion system 14, which heat exchanger feeds the heat released during the thermal utilization of the biomaterial 36 to the digestion process in the first digestion system 14. The utilization system 24 is connected via a second heat exchanger 28 to the second digestion system 16, in particular to a system for thermally recycling the plastic 38. The thermal utilization system 24 is also connected to the third digestion system 18 via a third heat exchanger 30. In order to reduce the energy requirement in the synthesis path 42, the thermal utilization system 24 is connected to the first synthesis system 20 via a fourth heat exchanger 32, so that the heat can be transferred from the thermal utilization path 44 to the synthesis path 42. Furthermore, a fifth heat exchanger 34 is provided, which connects the thermal utilization system 24 to the second synthesis system 22, in order to enable an energy transfer from the thermal utilization system to the second synthesis system 22. In this case, the energy requirement increases continuously from the first heat exchanger 26 to the fifth heat exchanger 34. That is, the amount of heat transferred in the process chain increases. Since significantly more energy is required in the second synthesis process in the second synthesis plant 22 than in the first digestion process in the first digestion plant 14, the heat exchangers are designed such that the amount of heat transferred increases continuously starting from the first heat exchanger 26 to the fifth heat exchanger 34. In parallel, the mass of the plastic 38 decreases continuously, starting from the sorting in the sorting installation 12 via the individual digestion installations 14, 16, 18.The thermal utilization system 24 is connected on the outlet side to a disposal station 70 in order to dispose of the residual materials 46 from the thermal utilization system 24. Alternatively, the residues 46 may also be fed back to the thermal utilization path 44 to further increase the energy efficiency of the process and improve the overall efficiency of the recycling process. The second synthesis plant 22 is connected on the outlet side to a receiving container 72, in which the recycled plastic 48 produced in the synthesis path 42 is collected.FIG. 2 shows a preferred exemplary embodiment of a flow diagram for carrying out a method according to the invention for recycling an assembly 74 or a substance mixture 76 made of at least one plastic 38 and at least one biomaterial 36. In this case, a module 74 or a substance mixture 76 is comminuted in a comminution installation 11. In the subsequent process steps, the comminuted starting material is sorted in a sorting plant 12 into one or more plastic components 38 and into one or more biomaterials 36 or biomaterial composites. The biomaterials are fed to a utilization path 44, in which the biomaterials 36 are utilized in a thermal utilization system 24. The plastic component(s) 38 are fed to a digestion path 41. In this case, a starting mass m 1 is fed to a first digestion plant 14, in particular to a bioreactor with an enzyme-activated cascade. The bioreactor of the first digestion plant 14 is generally matched to a specific polymer which is intended to produce monomers by the enzyme-activated digestion in the first digestion plant 14. Intermediates 56, 58 are thereby formed, which are fed to the synthesis process.From the first digestion plant 14, a mass m 2 of plastic reduced compared to the starting mass m 1 is supplied to the second digestion plant 16. In the second digestion plant 16, the plastic 38 is digested as part of chemical recycling and the intermediates are fed to the synthesis process. From the second digestion plant 16, a further reduced mass m 3 is fed to the third digestion plant 18, in which pyrolysis of the third plastic component takes place. The plastic 38 broken down by pyrolysis is likewise fed to the synthesis process.In the first synthesis plant 20, a monomer of the recycled plastic 48 is produced from the intermediates 56, 58 and from the carbon dioxide optionally separated off in the thermal utilization process. In the second synthesis plant 22, a polymer of a recycled plastic 48 is produced from further intermediates 56, 58 and from the monomer produced in the first synthesis plant 20.Process heat is generated in the thermal utilization system 24 when the bioplastics 36 are used. The process heat is transferred via heat transfer units 26, 28, 30, 32, 34 to digestion units 14, 16, 18 and synthesis units 20, 22. In this case, a first portion E 1 of the process heat of the thermal utilization of the biomaterial 36 is transferred to the first digestion plant 14 via a first heat transfer unit 26, in particular a first heat exchanger. Via a second heat transfer unit 28, in particular via a second heat exchanger 28, a second portion E 2 of the process heat of the thermal utilization of the biomaterial 36 is transferred to the second digestion plant 16. A third portion E 3 of the process heat of the thermal evaluation installation 24 is transferred to the third digestion installation 18 by a third heat transfer unit 30, in particular via a second heat exchanger 30. In this case, the transferred heat quantity E 1, E 2, E 3 increases along the digestion path 41 of the exclusion systems 14, 16, 18, i.e. E 1< E 2< E 3. Furthermore, a fourth portion E 4 of the process heat of the thermal utilization system 24 is transferred to the first synthesis unit 20 via a fourth heat transfer unit 32 and a fifth portion Es is transferred to the second synthesis unit 22 via a fifth heat transfer unit 34, the amount of heat transferred thereby continuing to increase along the synthesis path 42, i.e. E 3< E 4< E 5. Furthermore, carbon dioxide released during the utilization of the bioplastics 36 can be fed to the synthesis process.A waste material 46 is discharged from the thermal utilization system 24 and disposed of in a proper manner in a disposal station 70. The recycled plastic 48 produced in the synthesis process is fed to a receiving container 72 and can be used accordingly as starting material for producing new assemblies. In an alternative embodiment of the recycling method, the residue 46 can also be fed back to the recycling process in order to increase the yield of recycled plastic 48 and to further increase the efficiency of the recycling process or to reduce the energy requirement by a renewed thermal utilization of the residue.FIG. 3 shows a flow diagram for carrying out a method according to the invention, wherein the assembly 74 or the substance mixture 76 has a plurality of different plastics which are broken up, separated and synthesized to form a recycling plastics material in a multistage method. In this case, a module 74 or a substance mixture 76 is comminuted in a comminution installation 11. In the subsequent process steps, the comminuted starting material is separated in a sorting plant 12 into one or more plastic components 38 and into one or more biomaterials 36 or biomaterial composites in a single type. The biomaterials are fed to a utilization path 44, in which the biomaterials 36 are utilized in a thermal utilization system 24. The plastic components 38 are fed to a digestion path 41. In this case, a starting mass m 1 is fed to a first digestion plant 14, in particular to a bioreactor with an enzyme-activated cascade. The substance mixture 76 described in the example process comprises 3 different plastics. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP) and polyamide (PA) are provided as plastics in the exemplary embodiment shown. The bioreactor of the first digestion plant 14 is configured to digest one of these plastics, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) in the example shown in FIG. 2. The enzyme-activated digestion in the first digestion unit 14 produces from the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) intermediates 56, 58 such as terephthalic acid (PTA) and monoethylene glycol (MEG), which are fed to the synthesis process.From the first digestion plant 14, a mass m 2 of plastic reduced compared to the starting mass m 1 is supplied to the second digestion plant 16. In the second digestion plant 16, the polypropylene (PP) is digested as part of chemical recycling and the intermediates 56, 58 are fed to the synthesis process. From the second digestion plant 16, a further reduced mass m 3 is fed to the third digestion plant 18, in which pyrolysis of the third plastic component, in this exemplary embodiment of the polyamide (PA), takes place. The polyamide (PA) broken down by pyrolysis is likewise fed to the synthesis process.In the first synthesis plant 20, a monomer of the recycled plastic 48 is produced from the carbon dioxide optionally separated off in the thermal utilization process. In the second synthesis plant 22, a polymer of a recycled plastic 48 is produced from further intermediates 56, 58 and from the monomer produced in the first synthesis plant 20.Process heat is generated in the thermal utilization system 24 when the bioplastics 36 are used. The process heat is transferred via heat transfer units 26, 28, 30, 32, 34 to digestion units 14, 16, 18 and synthesis units 20, 22. Furthermore, carbon dioxide released during the utilization of the bioplastics 36 can be fed to the synthesis process. The energy transfer takes place in such a way that the process with the greatest mass and the lowest energy requirement is supplied with the smallest amount of energy E 1 and the amount of energy increases in an ascending manner with the subsequent process steps, so that a greater amount of energy Es is supplied to the synthesis processes than the digestion processes.A waste material 46 is discharged from the thermal utilization system 24 and disposed of in a proper manner in a disposal station 70. Alternatively, the material in the residue 46 can be fed back to the process in order to increase the yield of recycled plastic 48 and to increase the efficiency of the recycling process and / or to reduce the energy requirement by a renewed thermal utilization of the residue when it passes through the process. The recycled plastic 48 produced in the synthesis process is fed to a receiving container 72 and can be used accordingly as starting material for producing new assemblies.FIG. 4 shows a flow diagram of a method according to the invention for recycling an assembly 74 or a substance mixture 76, which comprises a plastic and a biomaterial. The plastic to be recycled is polyethylene terephthalate (PET) in this exemplary embodiment. The enzyme-activated digestion in the first digestion unit produces intermediates 56, 58 such as terephthalic acid (PTA) and monoethylene glycol (MEG) from the polyethylene terephthalate (PET), which intermediates are fed to the synthesis process. The synthesis process can be configured in one step, wherein a recycled plastic is produced from the intermediates by polymer formation in the synthesis plant 20, 22. In this exemplary embodiment, a second and a third digestion process and a corresponding energy transfer to the second digestion installation 16 and the third digestion installation 18 can be dispensed with. Since the plastic 38 is broken down exclusively by an enzyme-activated break-up which is particularly favourable in terms of energy, the recycling process illustrated in FIG. 4 is particularly advantageous.List of reference characters10 Plant 11 Comminution plant 12 Sorting plant 14 First digestion plant 16 Second digestion plant 18 Third digestion plant 20 First synthesis plant 22 Second synthesis plant 24 Thermal utilization plant 26 First heat transfer unit 28 Second heat transfer unit 30 Third heat transfer unit 32 Fourth heat transfer unit 34 Fifth heat transfer unit 36 Biomaterial 38 Plastic 40 Recycling path 41 Digestion path 42 Synthesis path 44 Utilization path 46 Residual 48 Recycling plastic 50 First plastic 52 Second plastic 54 Third plastic 56 First intermediate product 58 Second intermediate product 60 Control unit 62 Storage unit 64 Computing unit 66 Computer-readable program code 70 Disposal station 72 Receiving container 74 Assembly 76 Substance mixture E 1 First energy amount E 2 Second energy amount E 3 Third energy amount e 4 fourth energy quantity E 5 fifth energy quantity m 1 first mass m 2 second mass m 3 third massReferences included in the specificationThis list of documents cited by the applicant has been produced in an automated manner and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent application or utility model application. The DPMA does not take any adhesion for any faults or omissions.Patent Literature citedDE 43 17 808 A1

[0003] DE 43 24 112 C1

[0004] DE 43 29 434 A1

[0005] DE 43 29 476 A1

[0006]

Claims

Method for recycling assemblies (74), components or substance mixtures (76) made of at least one plastic (38) and at least one biomaterial (36), comprising the following steps: - separating the at least one plastic (38) from the at least one biomaterial (36), - digesting the at least one plastic (38) in a digestion plant (14, 16, 18) to obtain a digestion product, - synthesizing a recycled plastic (48) from the digestion product obtained in a synthesis plant (20, 22), - thermally recycling the at least one biomaterial (36) in a thermal evaluation plant (24), wherein - the heat released during the thermal utilization of the biomaterial (36) is transferred at least partially to one of the digestion plants (14, 16, 18) and / or one of the synthesis plants (20, 22).Method according to claim 1, wherein the assembly (74) or the substance mixture (76) is comminuted in a comminution installation (11) before separation.Method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pulping of the plastic (38) comprises at least two different pulping processes which are performed in series.The method of claim 3, wherein the at least two different digestion processes comprise an enzyme-activated digestion of the plastic (38), a chemical recycling of the plastic (38) and / or a pyrolysis of the plastic (38).Method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the different digestion processes are run through starting with the process with the lowest energy requirement and ending with the process with the highest energy requirement.Method according to one of Claims 3 to 5, wherein the mass of the plastic (38) or of an intermediate product (56, 58) originating from the preceding digestion process continuously decreases from the first digestion process to the last digestion process.The method of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein synthesizing the recycled plastic (48) comprises at least two different synthesis methods.The method of claim 7, wherein synthesizing comprises monomer preparation and polymer preparation subsequent to monomer preparation.Method according to one of Claims 1 to 8, carbon dioxide liberated during the thermal utilization of the biomaterial (36) being separated off and fed to one of the synthesis processes.Plant (10) for recycling assemblies (74) or substance mixtures (76) made of at least one plastic (38) and at least one biomaterial (36), comprising - a sorting plant (12) for separating the at least one plastic (38) from the at least one biomaterial (36), - a digestion plant (14, 16, 18) for digestion of the at least one plastic (38) to obtain a digestion product, - a synthesis plant (20, 22) for producing a recycling plastic (48) from the digestion product obtained, - a thermal evaluation plant (24) for thermal evaluation of the at least one biomaterial (36), - at least one heat transfer unit (26, 28, 30, 32, 34), which transfers at least a portion of the heat released during the thermal evaluation of the biomaterial (36) to one of the digestion plants (14, 16, 30,32, 34), 18) and / or one of the synthesis installations (20, 22), and - a control unit (60) which is configured to carry out a method according to one of Claims 1 to 9 when a computer-readable program code (66) is executed by a computing unit (64) of the control unit (60).

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