Detergent or cleaning agent tablets

Abstract

The dissolution rate and dimensional stability of detergent tablets were to be improved. This was achieved by a surfactant- and water-containing tablet containing at least one gelling agent of the general formula (I), in which * represents a covalent single bond between an oxygen atom of the hexanehexol backbone and the intended radical, R 1 , R 2 and R 3 independently of one another represent hydrogen, halogen, C1-C4-alkyl, -CN, -NO2, -NH2, -CO2H, -OH, -C(=O)-NH-NH2, -NH-C(=O)-(C2-C4-alkyl), C1-C4-alkoxy, C1-C4-alkoxy-C2-C4-alkyl and mixtures thereof, and p represents a number from 1 to 3, in particular 1 or 2 and particularly preferably 2, and at least one salt.

Description

The present invention relates to washing or cleaning agent tablets ready for single dosage.Detergents or cleaning agents are offered to the consumer in the form of solid or liquid products. The solid and liquid washing or cleaning agents were originally packaged in the form of larger containers (for example boxes, bags or bottles containing up to several kilograms or litres of the agent), from which the agent must be removed in the amount required for the application. These large containers have recently been at least partially detached by predosed confection moulds ("unit can"). These dosage units are, for example, tablets or bags.The dosage units may be packaged in a water-insoluble film or a water-soluble film. While a water-insoluble film must be removed by the consumer before use of the metering unit, a film which dissolves upon introduction into the aqueous washing or cleaning liquor can remain on the metering unit. The latter has the advantage of facilitated dosing accuracy in the case of flowable dosing units.Therefore, in addition to tabletting pulverulent premix into tablets, the formulation of liquid or powders in water-soluble bags is of increasing importance. Corresponding products are generally distinguished from tablets by a shortened dissolution time. Short dissolution times of the dosage units in turn have an advantageous effect on the washing or cleaning result because the washing or cleaning-active effect of the dosage unit then comes to bear more quickly and can develop correspondingly longer with an equally long duration of the washing or cleaning process. However, as viscosity increases, liquid formulations typically lose the advantages based on rapid dissolution because higher viscosity is usually associated with slower dissolution rate. On the other hand, the higher the viscosity of the liquid, the higher the dimensional stability of the dosage unit formed therefrom. Highly viscous gels can be formed into a shape which determines the shape of the dosage unit formed from them and the film enclosing them, as in a film-wrapped tablet. In contrast, low viscosity liquids take on the form which results essentially from the film bag surrounding them. As in the case of tablets produced by generally compressing pulverulent constituents, it is possible to dispense with a film covering in the case of moldings formed from highly viscous gels, without the absence of the covering alone leading to a significant change in the shape.Thus, for example, viscoelastic solid surfactant compositions are known from international patent application WO 2018 / 229036 A1, which comprise benzylidenealditol compounds as thickeners.Against this technical background, the present invention had the object of providing a solid detergent or cleaning composition ready for single dosage, having even better dissolution properties.This object is achieved by a surfactant- and water-containing shaped body comprising at least one gel former of the general formula (I), in which * represents a covalent single bond between an oxygen atom of the hexahexol backbone and the intended radical, R 1, R 2 and R 3 independently of one another, represent hydrogen, halogen, C 1- C 4- alkyl, -CN, -NO 2, - NH 2, - CO 2 H, -OH, -C(=O)-NH-NH 2, -nh-c(=o)-(C 2- C 4- alkyl), C 1- C 4- alkoxy, C 1- C 4- alkoxy-C 2- C 4- alkyl and mixtures thereof, and p is a number from 1 to 3, in particular 1 or 2 and particularly preferably 2, and at least one salt.The hexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol moiety in the compounds of formula (I) is accessible from hexoses by reduction of the carbonyl function. Depending on the type of hexose, the chiral centers may be R- or S-configured; for reasons of better availability of the starting hexoses, the hexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexoses accessible from D-hexoses are preferred. Reaction with 1, 2 or 3 equivalents of optionally substituted benzaldehyde gives the compounds of the formula (I), with the di-O-benzylidene compounds being preferred. The compound of the formula (I) is selected in particular from 1,3:2,4-di-O-benzylidene-D-sorbitol; 1,3:2,4-di-O-(p-methylbenzylidene)-D-sorbitol; 1,3:2,4-di-O-(p-chlorobenzylidene)-D-sorbitol; 1,3:2,4-di-O-(2,4-dimethylbenzylidene)-D-sorbitol; 1,3:2,4-di-O-(p-ethylbenzylidene)-D-sorbitol; 1,3:2,4-di-O-(3,4-dimethylbenzylidene)-D-sorbitol or mixtures thereof. Particular preference is given to 1,3:2,4-di-O-benzylidene-D-sorbitol.The proportion of the gelling agent of the general formula (I) in the overall shaped body is preferably in the range from 0.1% by weight to 5% by weight, in particular from 0.5% by weight to 3% by weight and particularly preferably from 1 to 2.5% by weight.The salt in question is preferably selected from the alkali and alkaline earth halides, sulfates, acetates and mixtures thereof, in particular from sodium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, potassium acetate and mixtures thereof.The proportion of the salt in the overall shaped body is preferably in the range from 0.1% by weight to 10% by weight, in particular from 0.5% by weight to 6% by weight and particularly preferably from 1 to 5% by weight.The weight ratio of gelling agent of the general formula (I) to salt is preferably in the range from 1:1 to 1:10, in particular from 1:2 to 1:6.The shaped bodies are dimensionally stable by the simultaneous use of the gelling agent and the salt. "Dimensionally stable", as used herein, denotes the property of the shaped bodies to maintain their three-dimensional three-dimensional spatial shape under the conditions customary for storage and transport, i.e. to enter neither into disintegration nor into irreversible deformations in the temperature ranges customary for storage and transport and under the action of the forces customary for storage and transport.The shaped article according to the invention may contain organic solvent in addition to water. This is preferably selected from the group comprising ethanol, n-propanol, i-propanol, butanols, glycol, propanediol, butanediol, methylpropanediol, glycerol, propylene carbonate, diglycol, propyl diglycol, butyl diglycol, hexylene glycol, diethylene glycol ethyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, diethylene glycol n-butyl ether, diethylene glycol hexyl ether, diethylene glycol n-butyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol propyl ether, ethylene glycol n-butyl ether, ethylene glycol hexyl ether, ethylene glycol n-butyl ether acetate, triethylene glycol, triethylene glycol methyl ether, triethylene glycol ethyl ether, triethylene glycol n-butyl ether, ethylene glycol phenyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, tripropylene glycol methyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, dipropylene glycol methyl ether acetate, propylene glycol n-propyl ether, Dipropylene glycol n-propyl ether, propylene glycol n-butyl ether, dipropylene glycol n-butyl ether, tripropylene glycol n-butyl ether, propylene glycol phenyl ether, propylene glycol diacetate, dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether, methoxytriglycol, ethoxytriglycol, butoxytriglycol, glycerol carbonate, propylene carbonate, 1-butoxyethoxy-2-propanol, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutanol, propylene glycol t-butyl ether, di-n-octyl ether and mixtures thereof; in particular from the group glycerol, propylene glycol, ethanol, isopropanol, methylpropanoldiol, triethylene glycol, propylene carbonate, glycerol carbonate, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutanol and 2-methylpropane-1,3-diol and mixtures thereof.The proportion of water in the total amount of the shaped body according to the invention is preferably in the range from 5% by weight to 15% by weight, in particular from 6.5% by weight to 12% by weight and particularly preferably from 7.5% by weight to 10% by weight.The proportion of the sum of water and organic solvent in the total amount of the shaped body according to the invention is preferably in the range from 10% by weight to 35% by weight, in particular from 15% by weight to 32% by weight and particularly preferably from 20% by weight to 30% by weight.The shaped body according to the invention contains, based on its total weight, a total amount of preferably 40 wt % to 75 wt %, in particular 50 wt % to 65 wt % surfactant. Suitable surfactants are anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants or cationic surfactants. It is preferred if at least one anionic surfactant and optionally additionally at least one nonionic surfactant is present.If the shaped body according to the invention, in particular for use in textile washing, contains anionic surfactant, it is in turn preferred that, based on the total weight of the composition, anionic surfactant is contained in a total amount of from 5% by weight to 70% by weight, more preferably 5% by weight to 60% by weight, more preferably 10% by weight to 70% by weight, in particular 10% by weight to 60% by weight, particularly preferably from 10% by weight to 40% by weight, further preferably from 25% by weight to 40% by weight.Suitable anionic surfactants of the sulfonate type are preferably C 9-13- alkylbenzenesulfonates, olefinsulfonates, i.e. mixtures of alkene- and hydroxyalkanesulfonates and disulfonates, as are obtained, for example, from C 12-18- monoolefins having a terminal or internal double bond by sulfonation with gaseous sulfur trioxide and subsequent alkaline or acidic hydrolysis of the sulfonation products. Also suitable are C 12-18- alkanesulfonates and the esters of α-sulfo fatty acids (estersulfonates), for example the α-sulfonated methyl esters of hydrogenated coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids. Particularly preferred shaped bodies according to the invention contain as anionic surfactant at least one compound of the formula (T1), in which R' and R" are independently H or alkyl and together contain 9 to 19, preferably 9 to 15 and in particular 9 to 13 C atoms, and Y + denotes a monovalent cation or the n-th part of an n-valent cation (in particular Na +).Preferred alk(en)yl sulfates are the alkali metal salts and in particular the sodium salts of the sulfuric monoesters of C 12- C 18- fatty alcohols, for example from coconut fatty alcohol, tallow fatty alcohol, lauryl, myristyl, cetyl or stearyl alcohol or of C 10- C 20- oxo alcohols and those monoesters of secondary alcohols of these chain lengths. Of interest in washing technology, preference is given to C 12- C 16- alkyl sulfates and C 12- C 15- alkyl sulfates and C 14- C 15- alkyl sulfates. Fatty alcohol ether sulfates, such as the sulfuric monoesters of straight-chain or branched C 7-21- alcohols ethoxylated with 1 to 6 mol ethylene oxide, such as 2-methyl-branched C 9-11- alcohols with an average of 3.5 mol ethylene oxide (EO) or C 12-18- fatty alcohols with 1 to 4 EO, are also suitable.Other suitable anionic surfactants are soaps. Saturated and unsaturated fatty acid soaps, such as the salts of lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, (hydrogenated) erucic acid and behenic acid, and soap mixtures derived in particular from natural fatty acids, for example coconut, palm kernel, olive oil or tallow fatty acids, are suitable.The anionic surfactants, including soaps, can be present in the form of their sodium, potassium or magnesium or ammonium salts. The anionic surfactants are preferably present in the form of their ammonium salts. Preferred countercations for the anionic surfactants are the protonated forms of choline, triethylamine, monoethanolamine or methylethylamine.In a very particularly preferred embodiment, the shaped body contains an alkylbenzenesulfonic acid neutralized with monoethanolamine, in particular C 9-13- alkylbenzenesulfonic acid, and / or a fatty acid neutralized with monoethanolamine.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the shaped bodies comprise as nonionic surfactant at least one fatty alcohol alkoxylate having the following formula (T2), R'-O-(XO) m- H (T2) where R' is a linear or branched C 8- C 18- alkyl radical, an aryl radical or alkylaryl radical, XO is, independently of one another, an ethylene oxide (EO) or propylene oxide (PO) moiety and m is an integer from 1 to 50. In the above formula, R' represents a linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, R I is a linear or branched alkyl radical having 5 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably having 7 to 25 carbon atoms and in particular having 10 to 19 carbon atoms. Preferred R' radicals are selected from decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, nonadecyl radicals and mixtures thereof, with the representatives having an even number of carbon atoms being preferred. Particularly preferred R' radicals are derived from fatty alcohols having 12 to 19 carbon atoms, for example from coconut fatty alcohol, tallow fatty alcohol, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol or stearyl alcohol or from oxo alcohols having 10 to 19 carbon atoms. XO of formula (T2) is an ethylene oxide (EO) or propylene oxide (PO) moiety, preferably an ethylene oxide moiety. The index m of the formula (T2) is an integer from 1 to 50, preferably from 2 to 20 and preferably from 2 to 10. m is in particular 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7.In summary, particularly preferred fatty alcohol alkoxylates are those of the formula (T-3) where k=9 to 17, m=3, 4, 5, 6 or 7. Such fatty alcohol ethoxylates are available, for example, under the trade names Dehydol ® LT7 (BASF), Lutensol ® AO7 (BASF), Lutensol ® M7 (BASF) and Neodol ®45-7 ( Shell Chemicals).The moldings of the invention particularly preferably comprise nonionic surfactants from the group of alkoxylated alcohols. Nonionic surfactants used are preferably alkoxylated, advantageously ethoxylated, in particular primary alcohols having preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms and on average 1 to 12 mol of ethylene oxide (EO) per mol of alcohol, in which the alcohol radical can be linear or preferably methyl-branched in the 2-position or can contain linear and methyl-branched radicals in a mixture, as are usually present in oxo alcohol radicals. In particular, however, alcohol ethoxylates with linear radicals from alcohols of native origin having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, for example from coconut alcohol, palm alcohol, tallow fatty alcohol or oleyl alcohol, and on average 2 to 8 mol of EO per mol of alcohol are preferred. Preferred ethoxylated alcohols include, for example, C 12-14- alcohols with 3 EO or 4 EO, C 8-11- alcohol with 7 EO, C 13-15- alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO, 7 EO or 8 EO, C 12-18- alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO or 7 EO and mixtures thereof, such as mixtures of C 12-14- alcohol with 3 EO and C 12-18- alcohol with 5 EO. Ethoxylated nonionic surfactants which have been obtained from C 6-20- monohydroxyalkanols or C 6-20- alkyl phenols or C 16-20- fatty alcohols and more than 12 mol, preferably more than 15 mol and in particular more than 20 mol ethylene oxide per mol alcohol are particularly preferably used. A particularly preferred nonionic surfactant is obtained from a straight-chain fatty alcohol having 16 to 20 carbon atoms (C 16-20- alcohol), preferably a C 18- alcohol and at least 12 mol, preferably at least 15 mol and in particular at least 20 mol of ethylene oxide. Of these, the so-called narrow range ethoxylates are particularly preferred.Surfactants preferably to be used originate from the groups of alkoxylated non-ionic surfactants, in particular ethoxylated primary alcohols and mixtures of these surfactants with structurally complicated surfactants such as polyoxypropylene / polyoxyethylene / polyoxypropylene ((PO / EO / PO) surfactants). Such (PO / EO / PO) nonionic surfactants are furthermore distinguished by good foam control.The shaped body according to the invention may also comprise amine oxide as nonionic surfactant. In principle, all amine oxides established in the prior art for these purposes, i.e. compounds having the formula R 1 R 2 R 3 NO, in which each R 1, R 2 and R 3 is, independently of the others, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon chain having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, can be used. Amine oxides particularly preferably used are those in which R 1 is alkyl having 12 to 18 carbon atoms and R 2 and R 3 are each independently alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, in particular alkyl dimethyl amine oxides having 12 to 18 carbon atoms. Exemplary representatives of suitable amine oxides are N-cocoalkyl-N,N-dimethylamine oxide, N-tallowalkyl-N,N-dihydroxyethylamine oxide, myristyl / cetyldimethylamine oxide or lauryldimethylamine oxide.Suitable nonionic surfactants are, furthermore, for example alkyl glycosides of the general formula RO(G) x in which R corresponds to a primary straight-chain or methyl-branched, in particular methyl-branched in the 2-position, aliphatic radical having 8 to 22, preferably 12 to 18, C atoms and G is the symbol which represents a glycose unit having 5 or 6 C atoms, preferably glucose. The degree of oligomerization x, which indicates the distribution of monoglycosides and oligoglycosides, is any desired number between 1 and 10; preferably x is 1.2 to 1.4.A further class of nonionic surfactants preferably used, which are used either as the sole nonionic surfactant or in combination with other nonionic surfactants, are alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or ethoxylated and propoxylated fatty acid alkyl esters, preferably having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain.Further suitable surfactants are the polyhydroxy fatty acid amides. Further nonionic surfactants which can be used can be, for example: polyol fatty acid esters; alkoxylated triglycerides; alkoxylated fatty acid alkyl esters of the formula R 3 CO-(OCH 2 CHR 4)w OR 5, in which R 3 CO represents a linear or branched, saturated and / or unsaturated acyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, R 4 represents hydrogen or methyl and R 5 represents linear or branched alkyl radicals having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and w is 1 to 20; mixed hydroxy ethers; sorbitan fatty acid esters and addition products of ethylene oxide to sorbitan fatty acid esters, such as, for example, the polysorbates; sugar fatty acid esters and addition products of ethylene oxide to sugar fatty acid esters; Adducts of ethylene oxide with fatty acid alkanolamides and fatty amines; and fatty acid N-alkylglucamides.The moldings of the invention may also comprise a plurality of the nonionic surfactants described above.It is preferred if the shaped body according to the invention comprises at least one polyalkoxylated polyamine in addition to the surfactant. This is a polymer having an N-atom-containing backbone which bears polyalkoxy groups on the N atoms. The polyamine has primary amino functions at the ends (terminus and / or side chains) and preferably both secondary and tertiary amino functions in the interior; if appropriate, it can also have only secondary amino functions in the interior, so that not a branched-chain but a linear polyamine results. The polyamine preferably has a number-average molar mass in the range from 500 g / mol to 50000 g / mol, in particular from 550 g / mol to 5000 g / mol. The N atoms in the polyamine are separated from one another by alkylene groups, preferably by alkylene groups having 2 to 12 C atoms, in particular 2 to 6 C atoms, wherein not all alkylene groups have to have the same C atom number. Particular preference is given to ethylene groups, 1,2-propylene groups, 1,3-propylene groups and mixtures thereof. Polyamines bearing ethylene groups as said alkylene group are also referred to as polyethyleneimine or PEI. PEI is a particularly preferred polymer according to the invention having an N atom-containing backbone. The primary amino functions in the polyamine may carry 1 or 2 polyalkoxy groups and the secondary amino functions 1 polyalkoxy group, wherein not every amino function needs to be alkoxy group substituted. The average number of alkoxy groups per primary and secondary amino function in the polyalkoxylated polyamine is preferably 1 to 100, in particular 5 to 50. the alkoxy groups in the polyalkoxylated polyamine are preferably polypropoxy groups which are bonded directly to N atoms and / or polyethoxy groups which are bonded to propoxy radicals which are optionally present and to N atoms which do not carry propoxy groups. Polyethoxylated polyamines are obtained by reacting polyamines with ethylene oxide (EO for short). The polyalkoxylated polyamines containing ethoxy and propoxy groups are preferably obtainable by reaction of polyamines with propylene oxide (PO for short) and subsequent reaction with ethylene oxide. The average number of propoxy groups per primary and secondary amino function in the polyalkoxylated polyamine is preferably 1 to 40, in particular 5 to 20, the average number of ethoxy groups per primary and secondary amino function in the polyalkoxylated polyamine is preferably 10 to 60, in particular 15 to 30. Polyalkoxylated polyamines particularly preferred according to the invention can be selected from polyamine reacted with 45EO per primary and secondary amino function, PEI's reacted with 43EO per primary and secondary amino function, PEI's reacted with 15EO+5PO per primary and secondary amino function, PEI's reacted with 15PO+30EO per primary and secondary amino function, PEI's reacted with 5PO+39.5EO per primary and secondary amino function, PEI's reacted with 5PO+15EO per primary and secondary amino function, PEI's reacted with 10PO+35EO per primary and secondary amino function, PEI's reacted with 15PO + 30EO per primary and secondary amino function and PEI's reacted with 15PO + 5EO per primary and secondary amino function. A most preferred alkoxylated polyamine is PEI containing from 10 to 20 nitrogen atoms reacted with 20 units of EO per primary or secondary amino function of the polyamine. The shaped body according to the invention preferably contains polyalkoxylated polyamines in an amount of 0.5% by weight to 12% by weight, in particular of 5% by weight to 9% by weight.In a further preferred embodiment, the shaped body according to the invention additionally comprises at least one soil release substance which is often referred to as a "soil release" active substance or, owing to its ability to impart soil repellency to the treated surface, preferably textiles, as a "soil repellency", in particular in amounts in the range from 1% by weight to 5% by weight, particularly preferably from 1.5% by weight to 2.5% by weight. Owing to their chemical similarity to polyester fibers, particularly effective soil release active ingredients which, however, can also exhibit the desired effect in fabrics made of another material are copolyesters which contain dicarboxylic acid units, alkylene glycol units and polyalkylene glycol units. In preferred embodiments of the invention, an agent according to the invention comprises at least one soil release-capable polyester comprising the structural units E-I to E-III or E-I to E-IV, -[( O-CHR 5- CHR 6)c- OR 7]f( E-III)-[polyfunctional unit-] g( E-IV) in which a, b and c, independently of one another, each represent a number from 1 to 200, d, e and f, independently of one another, each represent a number from 1 to 50, g represents a number from 0 to 5, Ph represents a 1,4-phenylene radical, sPh is a 1,3-phenylene radical substituted in position 5 by a group -SO 3 M, M is Li, Na, K, Mg / 2, Ca / 2, Al / 3, ammonium, mono-, di-, tri- or tetraalkylammonium, where the alkyl radicals of the ammonium ions are C 1- C 22- alkyl or C 2- C 10- hydroxyalkyl radicals or any mixtures thereof, R 1, R 2, R 3, R 4, R 5 and R 6 independently of one another each represent hydrogen or a C 1- C 18- n- or iso-alkyl group, R 7 represents a linear or branched C 1- C 30- alkyl group or a linear or branched C 2- C 30- alkenyl group, a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 9 carbon atoms, a C 6- C30aryl group or a C6C30arylalkyl group, and polyfunctional unit means a unit having 3 to 6 functional groups capable of esterification reaction.Preferred among these are polyesters in which R 1, R 2, R 3, R 4, R 5 and R 6 are each independently of one another hydrogen or methyl, R 7 is methyl, a, b and c are each independently of one another a number from 1 to 200, in particular 1 to 20, particularly preferably 1 to 5, extraordinarily preferably a and b=1 and c can be a number from 2 to 10, d is a number between 1 and 25, in particular between 1 to 10, particularly preferably between 1 and 5, e is a number between 1 and 30, in particular between 2 and 15, particularly preferably between 3 and 10 and f is a number between 0.05 and 15, in particular between 0.1 and 10 and particularly preferably between 0.25 and 3. Polyesters of this type can be obtained, for example, by polycondensation of dialkyl terephthalate, dialkyl 5-sulfoisophthalate, alkylene glycols, optionally polyalkylene glycols (in the case of a, b and / or c>1) and polyalkylene glycols end-capped on one side (corresponding to unit E-III). It should be noted that for numbers a, b, c >1, a polymeric framework is present and thus the coefficients can assume any value in the given interval as an average. This value reflects the number average molecular weight. Suitable unit (E-I) is an ester of terephthalic acid with one or more difunctional, aliphatic alcohols; preference is given here to using ethylene glycol (R 1 and R 2 in each case H) and / or 1,2-propylene glycol (R 1= H and R 2= - CH 3 or vice versa) and / or shorter-chain polyethylene glycols and / or poly[ethylene glycol-co-propylene glycol] having number-average molecular weights of 100 to 2000 g / mol. The structures may contain, for example, from 1 to 50 units of (E-I) per polymer chain. Suitable unit (E-II) is an ester of 5-sulfoisophthalic acid with one or more difunctional, aliphatic alcohols; preference is given here to the abovementioned ones. For example, 1 to 50 units of (E-II) may be present in the structures. Preferred polyalkylene glycol monoalkyl ethers of unit (E-III) which are blocked nonionically on one side are poly[ethylene glycol-co-propylene glycol] monomethyl ethers having average molecular weights of 100 to 2000 g / mol and polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether of the general formula CH 3- O-(C 2 H 4 O) n- H where n=1 to 99, in particular 1 to 20 and particularly preferably 2 to 10. In addition to linear polyesters which result from the structural units (E-I), (E-II) and (E-III), the invention also includes the use of crosslinked or branched polyester structures. Expressed as this is the presence of a polyfunctional structural unit (E-IV) having a crosslinking action and having at least three to at most 6 functional groups capable of esterification reaction. Functional groups which can be mentioned here are, for example, acid, alcohol, ester, anhydride or epoxy groups. Different functionalities in a molecule are also possible in this case. Examples of these include citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid and gallic acid, particularly preferably 2,2-dihydroxymethylpropionic acid. Polyhydric alcohols such as pentaerythritol, glycerol, sorbitol and / or trimethylolpropane can also be used. They may also be polyvalent aliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acids, such as benzene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid (hemimellitic acid), benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid (trimellitic acid) or benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid (trimellitic acid). The proportion by weight of crosslinking monomers, based on the total mass of the polyester, can be, for example, up to 10% by weight, in particular up to 5% by weight and particularly preferably up to 3% by weight. The polyesters comprising the structural units (E-I), (E-II) and (E-III) and optionally (E-IV) generally have number average molecular weights in the range from 700 to 50,000 g / mol, wherein the number average molecular weight can be determined by size exclusion chromatography in aqueous solution using calibration using closely distributed polyacrylic acid Na salt standards.The shaped body according to the invention can additionally comprise at least one enzyme. In principle, in this regard, all enzymes established in the prior art for textile treatment or for varying hard surfaces can be used. Preferably, it is one or more enzymes which can display a catalytic activity in a surfactant-containing liquor, in particular a protease, amylase, lipase, cellulase, hemicellulase, mannanase, pectin-cleaving enzyme, tannase, xylanase, xanthanase, β-glucosidase, carrageenanase, perhydrolase, oxidase, oxidoreductase and mixtures thereof. Preferably suitable hydrolytic enzymes include in particular proteases, amylases, in particular α-amylases, cellulases, lipases, hemicellulases, in particular pectinases, mannanases, β-glucanases, and mixtures thereof. Proteases, amylases and / or lipases and mixtures thereof are particularly preferred and proteases are very particularly preferred. These enzymes are in principle of natural origin; starting from the natural molecules, improved variants are available for use in detergents or cleaning agents, which are correspondingly preferably used.Among proteases, subtilisin type proteases are preferred. Examples of these are the subtilisins BPN' and Carlsberg, the protease PB92, the subtilisins 147 and 309, the alkaline protease from Bacillus lentus, subtilisin DY and the enzymes thermitase, proteinase K which are assigned to the subtilases but no longer to the subtilisins in the narrower sense, and the proteases TW3 and TW7. Subtilisin Carlsberg is available in further developed form under the trade name Alcalase® from Novozymes A / S, Bagsvaerd, Denmark. The subtilisins 147 and 309 are marketed under the trade names Esperase® and Savinase® by Novozymes, respectively. The protease variants listed under the designation BLAP® derive from the protease from Bacillus lentus DSM 5483. Further usable proteases are, for example, those under the trade names Durazym® Relase® Everlase® Nafizym® Natalase® Kannase® and Ovozyme® from Novozymes, those under the trade names Purafect® Purafect® OxP, Purafect® Prime, Excellase® and Properase® from Genencor, that under the trade name Protosol® from Advanced Biochemicals Ltd., Thane, India, that under the trade name Wuxi® from Wuxi Snyder Bioproducts Ltd., China, the enzymes available under the trade names Proleather® and protease P® from Amano Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Nagoya, Japan, and the enzyme available under the name proteinase K-16 from Kao Corp., Tokyo, Japan. Particular preference is also given to using the proteases from Bacillus gibsoniiand Bacillus pumilus.Examples of amylases which can be used according to the invention are the α-amylases from Bacillus licheniformis, from B. amyloliquefaciensor from B. stearothermophilusand also their improved developments for use in detergents or cleaners. The enzyme from B. licheniformis is available from Novozymes under the name Termamyl® and from Genencor under the name Purastar®ST. Further development products of this α-amylase are available from Novozymes under the trade names Duramyl® and Termamyl®ulta, from Genencor under the name Purastar®OxAm and from Daiwa Seiko Inc., Tokyo, Japan as Keistase®. The α-amylase from B. amyloliquefaciensis sold by Novozymes under the name BAN® and derived variants of the α-amylase from B. stearothermophilus under the names BSG® and Novamyl® also from Novozymes. Furthermore, the α-amylase from Bacillussp. A 7-7 (DSM 12368) and the cyclodextrin glucanotransferase (CGTase) from B. agaradherens(DSM 9948) should be emphasized. Fusion products of all the mentioned molecules can likewise be used. Furthermore, the developments of the α-amylase from Aspergillus niger and A. oryzae available under the trade names Fungamyl® from the company Novozymes are suitable. Further commercial products which can be used advantageously are, for example, Amylase-LT® and Stainzyme® or Stainzyme ultra® or Stainzyme plus® the latter likewise from the company Novozymes. Variants of these enzymes obtainable by point mutations can also be used according to the invention.Examples of lipases or cutinases which can be used according to the invention and which are contained in particular because of their triglyceride-cleaving activities, but also in order to generate peracids in situ from suitable precursors, are the lipases originally obtainable or further developed from Humicola lanuginosa (Thermomyces lanuginosus), in particular those with the amino acid exchange D96L. They are marketed, for example, by Novozymes under the trade names Lipolase® Lipolase®Ultra, LipoPrime® Lipozyme® and Lipex®. Furthermore, for example, the cutinases which were originally isolated from Fusarium solani pisi and Humicola insolens can be used. Lipases which can likewise be used are available from Amano under the names Lipase CE® Lipase P® Lipase B® and Lipase CES® Lipase AKG® Bacillussp. Lipase® lipase AP® lipase M-AP® and lipase AML® are available. The Genencor company can use, for example, the lipases or cutinases, whose starting enzymes were originally isolated from Pseudomonas mendocinaand Fusarium solanii. Other important commercial products which may be mentioned are the M1 Lipase® and Lipomax® preparations originally sold by Gist-Brocades, and the enzymes sold by Meito Sangyo KK, Japan under the names Lipase MY-30® Lipase OF® and Lipase PL® and also the Lumafast® product from Genencor.Cellulases may be present, depending on the purpose, as pure enzymes, as enzyme preparations or in the form of mixtures in which the individual components advantageously complement one another with regard to their various performance aspects, in particular for use in textile washing. These performance aspects include, in particular, the contributions of cellulase to the primary washing performance of the composition (cleaning performance), to the secondary washing performance of the composition (antiredeposition effect or graying inhibition), to aviveage (fabric effect) or to the exertion of a stone washed effect. A usable fungal cellulase preparation rich in endoglucanase (EG), or further developments thereof, is offered by Novozymes under the trade name Celluzyme®. The products Endolase® and Carezyme® likewise obtainable from Novozymes are based on the 50 kD EG and the 43 kD EG from H. insolens DSM 1800, respectively. Further commercial products of this company which can be used are Cellusoft® Renozyme® and Celluclean®. Also usable are, for example, the 20 kD Melanocarpus EGs available from AB Enzymes, Finland, under the trade names Ecostone® and Biotouch®. Further commercial products from AB Enzymes are Econase® and Ecopulp®. Further suitable cellulases are from Bacillussp. CBS 670.93 and CBS 669.93, wherein the synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic synthetic. CBS 670.93 is available from Genencor under the trade name Puradax®. Further commercial products from Genencor are "Genencor detergent cellulase L" and IndiAge® Newra. Variants of these enzymes obtainable by point mutations can also be used according to the invention. Particularly preferred cellulases are Thielavia terrestris cellulase variants, cellulases from Melanocarpus, in particular Melanocarpus albomyces, cellulases of the EGIII type from Trichoderma reesei or variants obtainable therefrom.Furthermore, in particular for the removal of certain problem stains present on the substrate, further enzymes can be used which are summarized under the term hemicellulases. These include, for example, mannanases, xanthan lyases, xanthanases, xyloglucanases, xylanases, pullulanases, pectin-cleaving enzymes and β-glucanases. The β-glucanase derived from Bacillus subtilisis available under the name Cereflo® from Novozymes. Especially preferred hemicellulases according to the invention are mannanases, which are marketed, for example, under the trade names Mannaway® by the company Novozymes or Purabrite® by the company Genencor. Within the scope of the present invention, also included among the pectin-cleaving enzymes are enzymes with the names pectinase, pectate lyase, pectin esterase, pectin demethoxylase, pectin methoxylase, pectin methyl esterase, pectase, pectin methyl esterase, pectin esterase, pectin pectyl hydrolase, pectin depolymerase, endopolygalacturonase, pectolase, pectin hydrolase, pectin polygalacturonase, endopolygalacturonase, poly-α-1,4-galacturonide glycanohydrolase, endogalacturonase, endo-D-galacturonase, galactomannan 1,4-α-galactosidase, exopolygalacturonase, poly(galactonate) hydrolase, Exo-D-galactosidase, exo-D-galacturonanase, exopoly-D-galactosidase, exo-poly-α-galactosidase, exopolygalacturonosidase or exopolygalacturanosidase. Examples of enzymes suitable in this regard are available, for example, under the names Gamanase® Pectinex AR® X-Pect® or Pectaway® from the company Novozymes, under the name Rohapect UF® Rohapect TPL® Rohapect PTE100® Rohapect MPE® Rohapect MA plus HC, Rohapect DA12L® Rohapect 10L® Rohapect B1 L® from the company AB Enzymes, and under the name Pyrolase® from the company Deversa Corp., San Diego, CA, USA.Among the enzymes, those which are comparatively stable per se with respect to oxidation or have been stabilized, for example, via point mutagenesis are particularly preferred. Among these, the aforementioned commercial products Everlase® and Purafect®OxP are mentioned in particular as examples of such proteases and Duramyl® as example of such an α-amylase.A shaped body according to the invention contains enzymes, if present, preferably in total amounts, based on active protein, of 1×10 -8 wt % to 5 wt %. The enzymes are preferably present in a total amount of from 0.001 to 2% by weight, more preferably from 0.01 to 1.5% by weight, even more preferably from 0.05 to 1.25% by weight and particularly preferably from 0.01 to 0.5% by weight.Furthermore, additional ingredients present may be builders, complexing agents, optical brighteners (preferably in agents for textile washing), pH adjusters, perfume, dye, color transfer inhibitor (preferably in agents for textile washing) or mixtures thereof in moldings according to the invention.The use of builder substances (builders) such as silicates, aluminum silicates (in particular zeolites), salts of organic di- and polycarboxylic acids and mixtures of these substances, preferably water-soluble builder substances, can be advantageous. In an embodiment of the shaped bodies preferred according to the invention, the use of phosphates (including polyphosphates) is largely or completely dispensed with, so that preferably less than 5 wt %, particularly preferably less than 3 wt %, in particular less than 1 wt %, and most preferably 0 wt % phosphate(s) are contained. The builders include, in particular, carbonates, citrates, phosphonates, organic builders and silicates. The proportion by weight of the total builders in relation to the total weight of shaped bodies according to the invention is preferably not more than 40 wt % and in particular not more than 30 wt %. Organic builders suitable according to the invention are, for example, the polycarboxylic acids (polycarboxylates) usable in the form of their sodium salts, polycarboxylic acids being understood to mean those carboxylic acids which carry more than one, in particular two to eight, acid functions, preferably two to six, in particular two, three, four or five, acid functions in the entire molecule. Dicarboxylic acids, tricarboxylic acids, tetracarboxylic acids and pentacarboxylic acids, in particular di-, tri- and tetracarboxylic acids, are thus preferred as polycarboxylic acids. The polycarboxylic acids may also carry further functional groups, such as hydroxyl or amino groups, for example. Examples of these are citric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, saccharic acids (preferably aldaric acids, for example galactoaric acid and gluconic acid), aminocarboxylic acids, in particular aminodicarboxylic acids, aminotricarboxylic acids, aminotetracarboxylic acids such as nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), glutamine-N,N-diacetic acid (also referred to as N,N-bis(carboxymethyl)-L-glutamic acid or GLDA), methylglycinediacetic acid (MGDA) and derivatives thereof and mixtures thereof. Preferred salts are the salts of polycarboxylic acids such as citric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, tartaric acid, GLDA, MGDA and mixtures thereof. Further suitable organic builders are polymeric polycarboxylates (organic polymers having a large number of (in particular greater than ten) carboxylate functions in the macromolecule), polyaspartates, polyacetals and dextrins. The free acids, in addition to their builder effect, typically also have the property of an acidifying component. Particular mention may be made here of citric acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, gluconic acid and any desired mixtures of these.The moldings of the invention may comprise, in particular, phosphonates as a further builder. The phosphonate compound used is preferably a hydroxyalkane phosphonate and / or aminoalkane phosphonate, such as 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonate (HEDP), ethylenediaminetetramethylene phosphonate (EDTMP), diethylenetriaminepentamethylene phosphonate (DTPMP) and higher homologs thereof. Phosphonates, if present, are present in shaped bodies according to the invention preferably in amounts not more than 2% by weight, in particular in amounts of 0.1% by weight to 1% by weight.Polymeric polycarboxylates are also suitable as organic builders; these are, for example, the alkali metal salts of polyacrylic acid or polymethacrylic acid, for example those having a relative molecular weight of 500 to 70000 g / mol. Suitable polymers are in particular polyacrylates, which preferably have a molecular mass of 1000 to 20000 g / mol. Owing to their superior solubility, short-chain polyacrylates having molar masses of 1100 to 10000 g / mol, and particularly preferably of 1200 to 5000 g / mol, may in turn be preferred from this group.An optical brightener is preferably selected from the substance classes of distyrylbiphenyls, stilbenes, 4,4'-diamino-2,2'-stilbenedisulfonic acids, coumarins, dihydroquinolinones, 1,3-diarylpyrazolines, naphthalic imides, benzoxazole systems, benzisoxazole systems, benzimidazole systems, heterocycle-substituted pyrene derivatives and mixtures thereof.Preferred optical brighteners include disodium 4,4'-bis-(2-morpholino-4-anilino-s-triazin-6-yl-amino) stilbene disulfonate, disodium 2,2'-bis-(phenyl-styryl) disulfonate, 4,4'-bis[(4-anilino-6-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino] stilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid, hexasodium 2,2'-[vinylenebis[(3-sulfonato-4,1-phenylene)imino[6-(diethylamino)-1,3,5-triazine-4,2-diyl]imino]bis-(benzene-1,4-disulfonate), 2,2'-(2,5-thiophenediyl)bis[5-1,1-dimethylethyl)benzoxazole and / or 2,5-bis(benzoxazol-2-yl)thiophene. Optical brighteners are present in moldings according to the invention, if present, preferably in amounts of up to 1% by weight, in particular from 0.01% by weight to 0.6% by weight.It is preferred that the color transfer inhibitor is a polymer or copolymer of cyclic amines such as vinylpyrrolidone and / or vinylimidazole. Polymers suitable as a color transfer inhibitor include polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), polyvinylimidazole (PVI), copolymers of vinyl pyrrolidone and vinylimidazole (PVP / PVI), polyvinylpyridine N-oxide, poly-N-carboxymethyl-4-vinylpyridium chloride, polyethylene glycol modified copolymers of vinyl pyrrolidone and vinylimidazole, and mixtures thereof. Particular preference is given to using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyvinylimidazole (PVI) or copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone and vinylimidazole (PVP / PVI) as dye transfer inhibitor. The polyvinylpyrrolidones (PVP) used preferably have an average molecular weight of from 2,500 to 400,000 and are commercially available from ISP Chemicals as PVP K 15, PVP K 30, PVP K 60 or PVP K 90 or from BASF as Sokalan® HP 50 or Sokalan® HP 53. The copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone and vinylimidazole (PVP / PVI) used preferably have a molecular weight in the range from 5,000 to 100,000. Further colour transfer inhibitors which can be used are polyethylene glycol-modified copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone and vinylimidazole, which are available, for example, under the name Sokalan® HP 66 from BASF. Colour transfer inhibitors are present in mouldings according to the invention, if present, preferably in amounts of up to 1% by weight, in particular from 0.01% by weight to 0.6% by weight.The shaped body according to the invention can comprise at least one dye, preferably at least one water-soluble dye, particularly preferably a water-soluble polymer dye. Preferred dyes, the selection of which does not present any difficulty to the skilled worker, should have a high storage stability and insensitivity to the other ingredients of the detergents or cleaners and to light and also not a pronounced substantivity to textile fibers in order not to color them. Preferably, the dye is selected from Acid Red 18 (CI 16255), Acid Red 26, Acid Red 27, Acid Red 33, Acid Red 51, Acid Red 87, Acid Red 88, Acid Red 92, Acid Red 95, Acid Red 249 (CI 18134), Acid Red 52 (CI 45100), Acid Violet 126, Acid Violet 48, Acid Violet 54, Acid Yellow 1, Acid Yellow 3 (CI 4705), Acid Yellow 11, Acid Yellow 23 (CI 19140), Acid Yellow 3, Direct Blue 199 (CI 74190), Direct Yellow 28 (CI 19555), Food Blue 2 (CI 42090), Food Blue 5:2 (CI 42051:2), Food Red 7(01 16255), Food Yellow 13 (CI 47005), Food Yellow 3 (CI 15985), Food Yellow 4 (CI 19140), Reactive Green 12, Solvent Green 7 (CI 59040). Particularly preferred dyes are water-soluble acid dyes, for example Food Yellow 13 (Acid Yellow 3, CI 4705), Food Yellow 4 (Acid Yellow 23, CI 19140), Food Red 7 (Acid Red 18, CI 16255), Food Blue 2 (Acid Blue 9, CI 42090), Food Blue 5 (Acid Blue 3, CI 42051), Acid Red 249 (CI 18134), Acid Red 52 (CI 45100), Acid Violet 126, Acid Violet 48, Acid Blue 80 (01 61585), Acid Blue 182, Acid Blue 182, Acid Green 25 (CI 61570), Acid Green 81 Water-soluble direct dyes, for example Direct Yellow 28 (CI 19555), Direct Blue 199 (CI 74190) and water-soluble reactive dyes, for example Reactive Green 12, and also the Food Yellow 3 dyes (CI 15985), Acid Yellow 184 are likewise preferably used. Preference is likewise given to using aqueous dispersions of the following pigment dyes, pigment black 7 (CI 77266), pigment blue 15 (CI 74160), pigment blue 15:1 (CI 74160), pigment blue 15:3 (CI 74160), pigment green 7 (CI 74260), pigment orange 5, pigment red 112 (CI 12370), pigment red 112 (CI 12370), pigment red 122 (CI 73915), pigment red 179 (CI 71130), pigment red 184 (CI 12487), pigment red 188 (CI 12467), pigment red 4 (CI 12085), pigment red 5 (CI 12490), pigment red 9, Pigment Violet 23 (CI 51319), Pigment Yellow 1 (CI 28 11680), Pigment Yellow 13 (CI 21100), Pigment Yellow 154, Pigment Yellow 3 (CI 11710), Pigment Yellow 74, Pigment Yellow 83 (CI 21108), Pigment Yellow 97. In preferred embodiments, the following pigment dyes are used in the form of dispersions: Pigment Yellow 1 (CI 11680), Pigment Yellow 3 (CI 11710), Pigment Red 112 (CI 12370), Pigment Red 5 (CI 12490), Pigment Red 181 (CI 73360), Pigment Violet 23 (CI 51319), Pigment Blue 15:1 (CI 74160), Pigment Green 7 (CI 74260), Pigment Black 7 (CI 77266). In likewise preferred embodiments, water-soluble polymer dyes are used, for example, liquidite, liquidite blue HP, liquidite blue MC, liquidite blue 65, liquidite cyan 15, liquidite patent blue, liquidite violet 129, liquidite royal blue, liquidite experimental yellow 8949-43, liquidite green HMC, liquidite yellow LP, liquidite yellow II and mixtures thereof. The group of the most particularly preferred dyes includes Acid Blue 3, Acid Yellow 23, Acid Red 33, Acid Violet 126, Liquid Yellow LP, Liquid Cyan 15, Liquid Blue HP and Liquid Blue MC. If present, dye is preferably present in the inventive moldings in amounts of from 0.001% by weight to 0.5% by weight, in particular from 0.002% by weight to 0.2% by weight.The addition of bitter substances serves primarily to avoid oral absorption of the shaped bodies. In preferred embodiments of the invention, the shaped body contains at least one bitter substance in an amount of from 0.0001 wt % to 0.1 wt %, in particular from 0.0005 wt % to 0.02 wt %. According to the present invention, particularly preferred bitter substances are those which are soluble in water at 20° C. to an extent of at least 5 g / l. With regard to an undesirable interaction with the odour components optionally present in the composition, in particular a change in the odour note perceived by the consumer, the ionogenic bitter substances have proven to be superior to the non-ionic ones. Ionogenic bitter substances which have organic cations and organic anions are preferred for the composition according to the invention. Particularly suitable in the context of the present invention are quaternary ammonium compounds which contain an aromatic group both in the cation and in the anion. In various embodiments, the at least one bitter substance is therefore such a quaternary ammonium compound. A suitable quaternary ammonium compound is, for example, benzyl diethyl ((2,6-xylylcarbamoyl)methyl)ammonium benzoate, also known as denatonium benzoate, commercially available, for example, under the trade names Bitrex® and Indige-stin®. If Bitrex® is used, amounts up to 0.002 wt% are most preferred.In one embodiment of the invention, the shaped bodies are translucent and / or transparent; it should be expressed here that they have a residual light power (transmission) of at least 20% with respect to the reference measurement in the spectral range between 380 nm and 780 nm. For the transparency measurement, it should be noted that the shaped body must form in the measuring cuvette to be inserted into the photometer (which usually ensures a layer thickness of 10 mm in the direction through which radiation passes) in order to obtain reliable measurement results. For this purpose, in the course of sample production, the sample is introduced in the liquid state, for example at 80° C., solidified in the cuvette by cooling to the measurement temperature and then measured. It is preferred if the agent according to the invention has a transmission (at 20° C.) of at least 25%, more preferably at least 30%, more preferably at least 40%, in particular of at least 50%, particularly preferably of at least 60%.The shaped body according to the invention can be produced by first forming a liquid composition by heating a mixture containing at least the gel formers essential to the invention and water to a temperature above the sol-gel transition temperature of the mixture, then optionally, if not already present at the beginning in the mixture, mixing in the remaining constituents of the shaped body individually or in separately produced mixtures without the temperature falling below the sol-gel transition temperature, and then adding the heated liquid composition containing all constituents of the shaped body to a mold and cooling it there below the sol-gel transition temperature.Normally, heating to a temperature of at most 80° C. to 90° C. is entirely sufficient. The liquid composition is brought in the mold to cure below the sol-gel transition temperature of the liquid composition. It is preferred if the liquid composition for forming the shaped body is cooled to not less than 20° C., in particular to not less than 25° C., particularly preferably to not less than 30° C. In this case, any shapes can be shaped to the greatest possible extent, such as, for example, sphere, ellipsoid, hemisphere, torus, cube, cuboid, cone, pyramid, cylinder, tube, round disk, trough, shell, prism, octahedral, tetrahedral, canine, cat, mouse, horse, torso, coast, pillows, automobile, oval disk with an embossed trademark, and many more.The weight of an individual shaped body is preferably in the range from 1 g to 50 g, in particular from 2 g to 30 g, particularly preferably from 5 g to 20 g, for example from 15 to 17 g.The shaped article according to the invention obtainable as described preferably has a storage modulus G' above 3000 Pascals, measured with a shear rheometer using a plate-plate measurement system with a plate spacing of 100 μm at a constant frequency of 1 Hz and a temperature of 20° C.ExamplesLiquid preparations F1 to F3 were produced from the ingredients indicated in Table 1 below while stirring at 60° C. Table 1: Liquid preparations [wt%] Table 1: Liquid preparations [wt%]C 10-13- Alkylbenzene sulfonic acid252525C 12-18- Fatty alcohol with 7 moles of ethylene oxide252525Glycerol9992-Aminoethanol777ethoxylated polyethyleneimine777C 12-18- fatty acid888Diethylenetriaminepenta(methylenephosphono-acid), heptasodium salt1111,2-Propylene glycol4,54,54,5Denatonium benzoate0,0010,0010,001Polymer of ethylene terephthalate and polypropylene oxide terephthalate222Optical Brightener0,060,060,061,3:2,4-Di-O-benzylidene-D-sorbitol111Potassium acetate-26Water10010010020 g or 30 g of the heated preparation were poured into rectangular parallelepiped shapes of appropriate size, covered and cooled to room temperature overnight.a) The storage modulus G' of the shaped bodies was measured using a plate-plate measurement system with a plate spacing of 100 μm at a constant frequency of 1 Hz and a temperature of 20° C. In each case, a 30 g shaped body was introduced into 1.5 l of water heated to 40° C. and stirred at this temperature using a magnetic stirrer. After 40 minutes, the undissolved residue was removed, dried and weighed. c) In parallel, a 30 g shaped body was used together with standardized filling laundry in the washing cycle of a washing machine Miele® W1714 (determination of 5 times). The results of these tests are given in Table 2 below. Table 2 Table 2F12,9733 5 of the same valueF23,854 5 of the same valueF31274 5 of the same valueIt can be seen that the inventive moldings composed of F2 and F3 have the best values.References included in the specificationThis list of documents cited by the applicant has been produced in an automated manner and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent application or utility model application. The DPMA does not take any adhesion for any faults or omissions.Patent Literature citedWO 2018 / 229036 A1

[0005]

Claims

Surfactant- and water-containing shaped body, comprising at least one gel former of the general formula (I) in which * represents a covalent single bond between an oxygen atom of the hexahexol backbone and the intended radical, R 1, R 2 and R 3 independently of one another represent hydrogen, halogen, C 1- C 4- alkyl, -CN, -NO 2, - NH 2, - CO 2 H, -OH, -C(=O)-NH-NH 2, - NH-C(=O)-(C2-C_NER12-alkyl), C 1- C 4- alkoxy, C 1- C 4- alkoxy-C 2- C 4- alkyl and mixtures thereof, and p is a number from 1 to 3, in particular 1 or 2 and particularly preferably 2, and at least one salt.Shaped body according to Claim 1, characterized in that it comprises from 0.1% by weight to 5% by weight, in particular from 0.5% by weight to 3% by weight, of gelling agent of the general formula (I).Shaped body according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises from 0.1% by weight to 10% by weight, in particular from 0.5% by weight to 6% by weight, of salt.Shaped body according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the weight ratio of gelling agent of the general formula (I) to salt is in the range from 1:1 to 1:10, in particular from 1:2 to 1:6.Shaped body according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the salt is selected from the alkali metal halides, sulfates, acetates and mixtures thereof, in particular from sodium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, potassium acetate, and mixtures thereofShaped body according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, in addition to water, it comprises an organic solvent selected from the group comprising ethanol, n-propanol, i-propanol, butanols, glycol, propanediol, butanediol, methylpropanediol, glycerol, propylene carbonate, diglycol, propyl diglycol, butyl diglycol, hexylene glycol, diethylene glycol ethyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, diethylene glycol n-butyl ether, diethylene glycol hexyl ether, diethylene glycol n-butyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol propyl ether, ethylene glycol n-butyl ether, ethylene glycol hexyl ether, ethylene glycol n-butyl ether acetate, triethylene glycol, triethylene glycol methyl ether, triethylene glycol ethyl ether, triethylene glycol n-butyl ether, ethylene glycol phenyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, tripropylene glycol methyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, The process of the invention is also described in detail in the following claims: dipropylene glycol methyl ether acetate, propylene glycol n-propyl ether, dipropylene glycol n-propyl ether, propylene glycol n-butyl ether, dipropylene glycol n-butyl ether, propylene glycol phenyl ether, propylene glycol diacetate, dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether, methoxytriglycol, ethoxytriglycol, butoxytriglycol, glycerol carbonate, propylene carbonate, 1-butoxyethoxy-2-propanol, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutanol, propylene glycol t-butyl ether, di-n-octyl ether and mixtures thereof.Shaped body according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises 5% by weight to 15% by weight, in particular from 6.5% by weight to 12% by weight, of water.Shaped body according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the proportion of the sum of water and organic solvent in the total amount of the shaped body is in the range from 10% by weight to 35% by weight, in particular from 15% by weight to 32% by weight.Shaped body according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises 40% by weight to 75% by weight, in particular 50% by weight to 65% by weight, of surfactant.Shaped body according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it has a weight of from 1 g to 50 g, in particular from 2 g to 30 g.