System for informing a driver of a means of transport about approaching an intersection point, method, means of transport and glasses

Abstract

The present invention relates to a system (1) for informing a driver of a means of transport (5) about an approach to an intersection point (12), comprising - a detection module (20) for detecting the approach of the means of transport (5) to the intersection point (10), wherein the detection module (20) sends a signal to a control module (30) upon approach; - the control module (30), which receives the signal, calculates a light stimulus (40) to be output based on the signal and displays the light stimulus (40) to be output on a lighting unit (50), so that the light stimulus (40) is perceived by the driver as an indicator that the means of transport (5) is approaching an intersection point (10).

Description

The invention relates to a system for informing a driver of a means of transport about an approach to an intersection point according to claim 1. further the invention relates to a method for informing a driver of a means of transport about an approach to an intersection point according to claim 12, a means of transport according to claim 15 and spectacles according to claim 16.In principle, when securing crossing points, for example railway crossing points, a distinction is made between technically secured and non-technically secured crossing points. The types of technical safety include gate systems and / or permanently installed light signs. For example, in the case of technically secured railway crossings, driving over the immediate intersection region of the railway crossing is prevented by technical measures such as barriers. At non-technically secure railway crossings, there is often only one Andrea crossing which points to the priority of rail traffic. The road user is responsible for ensuring that safe passage of the crossing region is possible by means of his attentional behavior and the view into the rail arms. Inattentiveness, habit, stress and distraction can seriously impair the attention of road users in crossing intersections, so that accidents occur again and again at such non-technically secured railway crossings. Most railway crossing accidents occur due to inattentiveness of the car drivers. At the same time, many of these accidents still result fatal. Since the trains have an excessively long braking distance, they can no longer come to a standstill in good time if the operator sees a car at the crossing point. Therefore, it is necessary that the drivers, in addition to existing safety systems, be warned at technically secure but above all at non-technically secure crossing points such as railway crossing points or their attention is drawn more strongly to any approaching crossing vehicles, e.g. rail vehicles such as trains. An application of a warning device for further intersection points such as road intersections, pedestrian crossings, lane intersections in general, e.g. in road traffic, in ship traffic or also on an airport area in front, is possible and makes sense for collision avoidance. In addition to the basic types of safety for intersections and especially for railway crossing, there are also modern approaches to increasing safety. This includes, for example, the system "Rail2X" DE 10 2021 208 237A1, in which rail-bound vehicles communicate with one another and with infrastructure such as railway crossings and, for example, trigger automatic braking. In addition, for the communication of the motor vehicles among one another, for example for autonomous driving, the technology "Car2X" exists, wherein different radio types can be used (cf., for example, DE 10 2007 019 469 B4). Otherwise, there are further new technological developments in the field of motor vehicles, such as a head-up display and semi-transparent window panes with the possibility of additionally displaying information. In this case, a type of augmented reality (AR) is created by, for example, displaying instructions of the navigation device on the head-up display or the window panes. For the general use of AR in window panes, see e.g. KR 10 2017 0 092 009 A. Therein a window for trains is described, which has a transparent display, so that one can see through and at the same time additional information is displayed. Similar AR systems for the window panes of motor vehicles have been described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 10,620,435 B2 and U.S. Pat. No. 2013 / 0 162 639 A1.To increase the safety of non-technically safe railway transitions, EP 3 093 209 A1 describes a visually operating additional system called "Perilight", which directs the gaze of the driver through light stimuli in his peripheral field of view, so that approaching trains are more likely to be detected by means of "looking" and the driving behavior can be adapted in the following. The light stimuli function as an additional contribution to increasing safety and are not intended to replace existing technical crossing point safety systems. The disadvantages of "PeriLight" are the need for installations in the road infrastructure. In this connection, investments, structural interventions, and permissions are required. Light emissions through the system may potentially interfere with residents. An ideal positioning of the light sources can in some cases hardly be realized depending on the position and maintenance state of the intersection point.DE 10 2014 003 550 A1 discloses a method and device for assisting a driver in driving a vehicle.DE 10 2012 200 431 A1 discloses a method for determining the presence of an intersection in a road course traveled by a vehicle.DE 10 2018 127 172 A1 discloses a warning control device, warning control method and recording medium.DE 10 2015 209 671 A1 discloses a driver assistance system for crossing a railroad crossing.DE 10 2015 006 612 A1 discloses a method for operating smart glasses in a motor vehicle and a system with smart glasses.DE 10 2015 007 246 A1 discloses a method for operating a display system and display system for a motor vehicle.DE 10 2017 217 923 A1 discloses a method for operating a display device in a motor vehicle.JP 2009-87 031 A discloses a system for providing information, an on-board device and an information providing method.JP 2005-127 749 A discloses a display device for a vehicle.US 2014 / 0 097 968 A1 discloses a display device.The object is to provide an improved system, method, means of transport and spectacles for informing a driver of a means of transport about an approach to an intersection point.The object is achieved by the subject matters of the independent claims. Advantageous refinements of the invention are described by the dependent patent claims, the following description and the figures.The object is achieved according to the invention by a system according to claim 1.The means of traffic approach to the intersection point, e.g. to the intersection point, takes place when the means of traffic approaches the intersection point. The intersection point is then in the direction of travel of the means of transport. Approach means in particular that a distance between means of transport and intersection point continuously decreases. The approach can also be understood to mean that the means of transport enters or is located in a predefined radius around an intersection point.The intersection point is an intersection of at least two lane-related traffic paths. Examples of intersection points are railroad crossings, traffic light intersections, pedestrian crossings on roads, other road traffic intersections, intersection of the front-end service traffic (e.g. bus or luggage vehicle) with forward-end aircraft routes and intersections of sea-bound vehicle lanes in in in-house ship travel or in sea traffic, among the latter in particular in sea traffic close to the country.The railway crossing is an intersection of a railway and a roadway for non-railway means of transport.The recognition and control modules are located in the means of transport. The control module displays the light stimulus on the lighting unit. The lighting unit is located in or on the means of transport. In this case, the recognition module and the control module can be configured separately. It is also conceivable for the recognition module and the control module to be formed in one unit, i.e. together.The lighting unit is a unit which is designed to be controlled by the control module and to emit a light stimulus perceptible to the human eye.The light stimulus is an emitted light in the wavelength range visible to humans, which is visible to the driver of the means of transport, preferably in the peripheral field of view of the driver. In other words, the light stimulus is a light signal in the wavelength range visible to humans.Potentially approaching crossing means that the light stimulus is displayed regardless of whether a means of traffic actually seams. Rather, the light stimulus indicates that a means of transport could be approached, which would then cross the driver's travel path.The light stimulus is used to notice that the driver is approaching an intersection point and looking in the direction(s) from which any approaching crossing means of traffic may come. The driver is excited by the light stimulus to look to the left and / or right at the locations where an approaching crossing means of traffic, e.g. a train, motor vehicle, ship etc., becomes visible depending on the nature of the intersection point, before the crossing means of traffic reaches the intersection point. This alerts the driver to an approaching crossing vehicle in good time and can brake before a collision occurs. This prevents accidents at crossing points, e.g. railroad crossing points. Due to the most severe or even fatal injuries experienced by vehicle occupants, especially in collisions with vehicles at crossing points such as railway crossings, the system according to the present invention significantly increases the safety of the vehicle occupants. In particular, the light stimulus excites the driver to look in a direction of the emitted light stimulus. It is provided that the direction corresponds to a viewing direction for checking whether a means of transport is approaching.The system according to the invention does not require any additional infrastructure at the crossing points. As a result, no re-adjustment of the numerous crossing points is necessary and thus no maintenance on site is required. The system increases the safety of, in particular, non-technically secured crossing points, in particular non-technically secured railway crossing points. The latter are usually announced by traffic signs such as an Andrea's cross, but do not have any technical safety devices such as traffic lights or barriers. Retrofitting the railroad crossings with additional safety infrastructure is expensive and, because of the high number of railroad crossings, is neither economically viable nor quickly implementable.The means of transport can be a passenger car, a bus, a truck or other types of motor vehicle. The means of transport may be equipped with an internal combustion engine, an electric motor or other types of drive. The means of transport can be a bicycle or scooter with a drive, for example with an internal combustion or electric motor. The means of transport may be a vehicle without a drive, e.g. a bicycle or scooter. The means of transport can be a waterborne vehicle, for example a boat or ship. The means of transport can be an aircraft, in particular when the system is used at an airport or airport front end.The crossing point can be technically secured or not technically secured. The intersection point may be announced by traffic signs such as a pass-ride, stop sign, attention intersection sign, or the like. The intersection point can be secured by a traffic light. If the crossing point is a railway crossing, it may be announced by traffic signs such as an Andrea crossing or the like. If it is a technically secure railway crossing, it may have a traffic light and / or barriers.The roadway may include one or more lanes.The driver can sit on the left, center or right in the means of transport.The recognition and control module can be installed, for example, in the electronics of the means of transport. The detection and control modules may be installed, for example, in the engine compartment, in the vehicle body, or at other locations in or on the vehicle.The detection module may detect, e.g., based on a location or a camera, when the vehicle approaches an intersection point, e.g., a railroad crossing. The light stimulus may include lighting in various colors. The light stimulus preferably illuminates in conspicuous colors, for example in warning colors, for example in red, orange or yellow or white shades. Other colors are also possible.The invention can also be applied to when the means of transport approaches a crosswalk. Then, for example, the pattern of the zebra strip on the roadway can be recognized by means of a sensor and an image recognition and the approach to a pedestrian crossing can be recognized therefrom.The invention can also be applied to when the means of transport approaches a stop sign. The invention can also be applied to the case where the means of transport approaches an area in which rails run on the roadway of the means of transport, but there is no railway crossing in the actual sense. This is the case, for example, in many inside city bodies when a road path and the travel path of means of transport are carried out on the same road path or the travel path of means of transport crosses the rails, for example when turning rails or travel paths.One embodiment provides that the signal comprises a direction of the crossing point of the railroad crossing relative to the means of transport and / or a position of a potentially approaching crossing means of transport.The system determines whether the vehicle approaches or departs from the intersection. The system recognizes whether the intersection point is located in the direction of travel of the means of transport. Additionally or alternatively, it is determined from where a potentially approaching crossing means of traffic approaches. For example, the lanes or rail arms are determined which cross the driving lane of the means of transport.If the vehicle no longer approaches the intersection point, for example because it turns into another road, remains stationary, for example due to an approaching crossing vehicle, or turns, the system detects this and the control module then no longer displays a light stimulus in the lighting unit.When the system detects that the vehicle is approaching the intersection further, the control module may change the light stimulus. For example, the control module may increase the light stimulus as it approaches further, e.g., by increased brightness, size, change in color, shape, faster blinking, or the like. This makes the vehicle driver more aware, if he initially did not notice the light stimulus or did not respond to it, that he is approaching an intersection and is to look for approaching crossing vehicles.This has the advantage that the driver can estimate how far the intersection point is still away from him or her means of transport.One embodiment provides that the recognition module further comprises a locating module for determining a position of the means of transport and map data, so that the recognition module determines the approach to the intersection point based on the map data and the position.The positioning module determines the position of the means of transport. From the position of the means of transport together with the map data in which railway crossings are entered, the recognition module determines whether the means of transport approaches an intersection point.The localization can be carried out, for example, on the basis of GPS. The map data comprise, for example, a traffic-medium-internal map data and / or external map data, for example via map data from the Internet, for example via a link of the positioning module to an Internet-capable device, for example via a smartphone.As a result, the recognition module can recognize whether the means of transport approaches an intersection point. In addition, the detection module can detect the approximate distance to the intersection point. Optionally, the recognition module can determine the speed at which the means of transport approaches the intersection point. Optionally, the control module can cause a change in the light stimuli to be displayed on the lighting unit at a constant or increasing speed when approaching the intersection point. As a result, the driver of the means of transport can be warned more strongly.One specific embodiment provides that the recognition module recognizes the approach to the intersection point on the basis of data of a sensor of the means of transportation by means of image recognition.The sensor may be an image sensor. The sensor may be a camera. The sensor is located in or on the means of transport. The sensor is configured such that the sensor records image data of the area located in front of the means of transport in the direction of travel. The image recognition is configured to recognize the approach to the intersection point.The image recognition can recognize when, for example, crossing lane markings and / or rails are located in the direction of travel of the means of transport and cross the roadway of the means of transport and / or recognize traffic signs.This has the advantage that no locating and no map data are required. This makes it possible to detect the approach to the intersection point even when there is no GPS reception and / or no Internet reception and / or no map data for the area in which the means of transport is located. A further advantage is that this also identifies railway transitions which are not recorded in the map data.One embodiment provides that traffic signs are detected by means of image recognition and the recognition module receives data of the image recognition and evaluates whether traffic signs have been detected which indicate a crossing point.The image recognition can recognize, for example, Andrea crosses. The image recognition can recognize, for example, other signs that point to an intersection point.This has the advantage that traffic sign recognition already installed in the means of transport can be used and reduces the costs for implementing such a system.It is provided that the control module displays the light stimulus to be output on the lighting unit in such a way that the light stimulus is located at a position at which the intersection point is located from the point of view of the driver of the means of transport.The advantage is that the gaze of the driver is directed by the light stimulus to look at the intersection point. This directs the driver's attention to the intersection point. As a result, it can see approaching crossing means of traffic in good time and stop the means of traffic before a collision with approaching crossing means of traffic.It is further provided that the system comprises a sensor module which is configured to detect a head position of a driver of the means of transport and to transmit it to the control module, and wherein the control module is configured to display the light stimulus on the lighting unit in such a way that the light stimulus is located at a position at which a potentially approaching crossing means of transport is located from the point of view of the driver of the means of transport, wherein the position is calculated by means of the head position detected by the sensor module.The sensor module is configured to determine the head position of the driver and to derive therefrom at which position the light stimulus must be displayed so that the light stimulus is at the position of a potentially approaching crossing means of transport from the perspective of the driver. By means of the sensor-assisted determination of the head position of the driver, a determination of the visual axis and thus a variable, positionally accurate representation of the light stimulus is possible.The position of a potentially approaching crossing means of transport can be, at a crossing point, for example, the junction of the crossing lane, e.g., a crossing lane, road or a crossing railway, which is situated to the right and / or left as viewed by the driver. Similarly, this is applicable to intersecting lanes of aircraft at airport premises or to intersecting lanes of watercraft.One embodiment provides that the control module displays the light stimulus to be output on the lighting unit in such a way that the driver of the means of transport is stimulated to check an approach of a crossing means of transport when approaching the intersection point.For example, the driver is excited by the position of the light stimulus in the peripheral field of view to look to the left and / or right and thereby to see when a crossing means of transport seams from there. For this purpose, it is advantageous if the light stimulus is located at the positions light and to the right in the field of view of the driver at which an approaching crossing means of traffic is first visible to the driver of the means of traffic before the crossing means of traffic approaches the intersection point.One embodiment provides that the control module calculates the light stimulus to be output in such a way that the light stimulus flashes.The flashing may be regular or irregular. The duration of the lighting phase during flashing may be constant or variable. The light stimulus may include a change in color. The light stimulus can change its position. The light stimulus may change its size and / or shape. The shape of the light stimulus may be, for example, a circle, oval, star, exclamation mark, question mark, arrow, combinations thereof, or other shapes.One embodiment provides that the control module additionally generates an audio signal based on the signal and outputs it via loudspeakers of the means of transport.This has the advantage that the driver is warned not only visually, but also acoustically. If, for example, the driver does not perceive the light stimulus, the driver nevertheless perceives the audio signal and thereby becomes aware that he has to take care of something, in this case the approach to means of transportation.The audio signal may be directional selective. That is, the audio signal can be output, for example: mainly in the direction of the driver of the means of transport. The audio signal may have various characteristics. For example, the audio signal may be a beep, a continuous tone of a fixed pitch or changing pitch, a siren-like pitch response, or combinations or other forms.One embodiment provides that the recognition module determines the distance of the means of transport to the intersection point and the signal comprises the distance, wherein the control module changes the light stimulus to be output as the intersection point is approached.When the system detects that the vehicle is approaching the intersection further, the control module may change the light sign. In addition, when an audio signal is output, the control module may also change the audio signal as it further approaches the crossing point. For example, the control module may increase the light stimulus as it approaches further, e.g., by increased brightness, size, change in color, shape, faster blinking, or the like.This makes the vehicle driver more aware, if he initially did not notice the light stimulus or did not respond to it, that he is approaching an intersection and is to look for approaching crossing vehicles.One embodiment provides that the control module displays the light stimulus to be output on the lighting unit in such a way that the light stimulus is located at a position at which a traffic light system of the intersection point is located from the point of view of the driver of the means of transport.When the crossing point is technically secured, the driver's attention is thereby directed to the traffic light. As a result, the driver is made aware of this if the traffic light indicates that driving over the crossing point is not permitted, for example by the traffic light pointing in red. The presence and position of the traffic light can be detected by a sensor, image detection and the transmission of the information to the control module. This has the advantage that the driver does not overlook the traffic light and stops when the system is turning red.One embodiment provides that the lighting unit is arranged in at least one side window of the means of transport.The lighting unit can be arranged in one or both of the front side windows of the means of transport. For example, the material of which the side windows consist can be configured to be able to display light stimuli. A certain area in the side windows may comprise a material suitable for indicating a light stimulus.This has the advantage that the driver's gaze is directed into the side windows where the driver is to check the approach to crossing means of transport and thus avoids collisions.The lighting unit can be arranged in the windows of the means of transport. The lighting unit can be arranged in one or both front side windows of the means of transport. The lighting unit can be arranged in the lateral regions of the windshield of the means of transport. The lighting unit can be arranged in one or both exterior mirrors of the means of transport. The lighting unit can be arranged in one or both A-columns on the side facing the inside of the means of transport. The lighting unit can be arranged in one or more displays of the means of transport interior of the means of transport. The lighting unit can be arranged in a head-up display. The lighting unit can be arranged in spectacles which the driver of the means of transport wears. This enumeration is not limited.One aspect of the invention is a method for informing a driver of a means of transport about an approach to an intersection point according to claim 12.One embodiment provides that detection that the means of traffic approaches an intersection point is carried out on the basis of a locating module for determining a position of the means of traffic and on the basis of digital map data, such that the detection module determines the approach to the intersection point on the basis of the map data and the position.One specific embodiment provides that the detection of the approach to the intersection point is carried out on the basis of image detection on the basis of image data of a sensor of the means of transport.One aspect of the invention is a means of transport according to claim 15.One aspect of the invention is a pair of eyeglasses according to claim 16.The eyeglasses are configured to be able to display light stimuli and at the same time to enable the perception of the environment located in the field of view. The light stimuli for informing the driver when approaching an intersection point are arranged in the lateral field of view of the driver.The eyeglasses have the advantage that, when approaching an intersection point, they point the wearer of the eyeglasses to the intersection point and excite them to direct the gaze into the lateral regions of the field of view or to turn the head to the left and / or to the right in order to test the approach of crossing means of transport. The eyeglasses thereby offer the advantage that no infrastructure is required in the means of transport.It is possible that the recognition and / or control module is arranged in the means of transport and is connected to the spectacles via a transmission module in the control module and a reception module in the spectacles. The connection can be made, for example, via a cable or wirelessly, for example via WLAN, Bluetooth or other radio types.These spectacles can also be used, for example, by cyclists or riders of scooters, e.g. E-Scooters.The invention also includes combinations of the features of the illustrative embodiments. FIG. 1 shows an exemplary system for informing a driver of a means of transport when approaching an intersection point, wherein the light stimulus is arranged in the side windows of the means of transport. FIG. 2 shows an exemplary system for informing a driver of a means of transport when approaching a railroad crossing, wherein the light stimulus is arranged in the side windows of the means of transport. FIG. 3 shows an exemplary system for informing a driver of a means of transport when approaching a railroad crossing, wherein the detection module has a locating module and the system comprises a sensor module for detecting the head position. FIG. 4 shows an exemplary system for informing a driver of a means of transport when approaching a railroad crossing, wherein the recognition module has a sensor for capturing image data and an image recognition. FIG. 5 shows an exemplary system for informing a driver of a means of transport when approaching a railroad crossing, wherein the light stimulus is located at a position at which a traffic sign system of the railroad crossing is located from the perspective of the driver of the means of transport. FIG. 6 shows exemplary eyeglasses for informing a driver of a means of transport when approaching a railroad crossing. FIG. 7 shows exemplary spectacles for informing a driver of a means of transport when approaching a railroad crossing.The exemplary embodiment explained below is a preferred embodiment of the invention. In the exemplary embodiment, the described components of the embodiment each represent individual features of the invention that are to be considered independently of one another and that develop the invention in each case also independently of one another and are therefore also to be considered as part of the invention individually or in a combination other than the combination shown. Furthermore, the describing embodiment can also be supplemented by further features of the invention already described.FIG. 1 shows a system 1 for informing a driver of a means of transport 5 when approaching an intersection point 10. The system 1 comprises a recognition module 20 and a control module 30. the recognition module 20 recognizes when the means of traffic 5 approaches an intersection point 10 and then sends a signal to the control module 30 that the means of traffic 5 approaches an intersection point 10. The control module 30 calculates a light stimulus 40 and displays the light stimulus 40 on a lighting unit 50. The light stimulus is arranged in the peripheral field of view of the driver of the means of transport 5, so that the driver is stimulated to look to the left and / or right and to check whether a crossing means of transport is sewing on. The dio Di DiLighting unit 50 may be arranged in one or both front side windows 70 of means of transport 5. Alternatively, the lighting unit 50 can be arranged in one or both exterior mirrors 75 of the means of transport 5. Alternatively, the lighting unit 50 can be arranged in one or both A-columns 78 of the means of transport 5. Alternatively, the lighting unit can be arranged in the windshield of the means of transport 5.The intersection point 10 can be an intersection of at least two lanes, roads, a crosswalk, an intersection of watercraft lanes or the like. The intersection point 10 can be announced by means of traffic signs 60. The road sign 60The light stimulus 40 can change its position as it further approaches the intersection point 10. As a result, if the driver of the means of transport 5 should not initially notice the light stimulus 40 or should not have reacted to it, he is made more clearly aware that he is approaching an intersection point 10 and is intended to look at approaching crossing means of transport.The light stimulus 40 may include, for example, illumination in various colors. Preferably, the light stimulus 40 illuminates in conspicuous colors, for example in warning colors, for example in red, orange or yellow or white shades. Other colors are also possible.The light stimulus 40 may blink. The flashing may be regular or irregular. The duration of the lighting or dark phase during flashing can be constant or variable. The light stimulus 40 may include a change in color. The light stimulus 40 can change its position. The light stimulus 40 may change its size and / or shape. The shape of the light stimulus may be, for example, a circle, oval, star, exclamation mark, question mark, arrow, combinations thereof, or other shapes.The recognition module 20 and the control module 30 can be arranged at any desired positions in or on the means of transport 5. For example, the detection and control module 20, 30 may be positioned in the electronics of the vehicle 5, in the columns of the vehicle 5 or in the engine compartment, the enumeration not being completed.The railway crossing 12 can be a technically or non-technically secured railway crossing. The intersection point 10 can be secured by traffic signs 60. The traffic signs 60 may be traffic signs, traffic lights, or the like. The traffic signs may be stop signs, allowed to pass, attention crossing, crosswalk signs, or other signs, for example. In the case of a railway crossing 12, this can be announced, for example, by traffic signs such as Andrea crosses.When the driver of the means of transport 5 approaches a railroad crossing 12, the recognition module 20 recognizes this and sends a signal to the control module 30 that the means of transport 5 approaches an intersection point 10. The control module 30 then calculates the light stimulus 40 and displays it on the lighting unit. For example, the light stimulus 40 can be a red flashing in the two front side windows 70 of the means of transport 5. When the detection module 20 detects that the vehicle 5 is no longer approaching the intersection 10, it may send a signal to the control module 30 that the vehicle 5 is no longer approaching the intersection 10, and the control module 30 may then abort displaying the light stimulus 40. When the detection module 20 detects that the vehicle 5 is approaching the intersection 10 more and more, it may send a signal to the control module 30 that the vehicle 5 is approaching the intersection 10 more and more, and the control module 30 may then change the display of the light stimulus 40. For example, the light stimulus 40 may become brighter and / or larger and / or change its color and / or shape and / or position. For example, the light stimulus may change from an initial position in the side windows 70 to a position closer to the center of the field of view of the driver and / or to a position in the windshield of the vehicle 5. Alternatively, the light stimulus can change from a lateral position in the windshield to a position in the side window, since as the intersection 10 approaches, the view would have to be directed further and further into the periphery in order to discover an approaching crossing means of transport.The appropriate position of the representation of the light stimulus 40 can be determined by a sensor-assisted determination of the head position of the driver.FIG. 2 shows a system 1 for informing a driver of a motor vehicle 5 when approaching a railway crossing 12.FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of the system 1, which shows a variant of the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1. In contrast to the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, in the example in FIG. 3, the recognition module 20 additionally has a positioning module 22 and map data. The positioning module 22 determines the position of the means of transport 5. From the position of the means of transport 5 together with the map data in which railway crossings 10 are entered, the recognition module 20 determines whether the means of transport 5 approaches a railway crossing 12.The localization can be carried out, for example, on the basis of GPS. The map data can comprise, for example, traffic-medium-internal map data and / or external map data, for example via map data from the Internet, for example via a link of the positioning module 22 to an Internet-capable device, for example via a smartphone.As a result, the recognition module 20 can recognize whether the means of transport 5 approaches a railroad crossing 12. In addition, the detection module 20 can detect the approximate distance to the railroad crossing 12. Optionally, the recognition module 20 can determine the speed at which the means of transport 5 approaches the railroad crossing 12. Optionally, the control module 30 can cause a change in the light stimulus 40 to be displayed on the lighting unit at a constant or increasing speed as the railroad crossing 12 is approached. As a result, the driver of the means of transport 5 can be warned more strongly.If the means of transport 5 does not approach the railway crossing 12 any further, for example because it turns into another road, remains stationary, for example due to an approaching means of transport, in this case a rail vehicle, or turns, the system 1 detects this and the control module 30 then no longer displays a light stimulus 40 in the lighting unit.When the system 1 detects that the vehicle 5 is approaching the railroad crossing 12 further, the control module 30 may change the light stimulus 40. For example, the control module 30 may boost the light stimulus 40 as it approaches further, e.g., by increased brightness, size, change in color, shape, faster blinking, or the like.The system 1 further comprises a sensor module 35 which is configured to detect a head position of the driver of the means of transport 5 and to transmit it to the control module 30. The control module 30 is preferably configured to display the light stimulus 40 at such a position by means of the head position that, from the point of view of the driver of the means of transport 5, the light stimulus 40 would be visible at the same position as the crossing lane or a potentially crossing means of transport. For example, in the case of a railway crossing 12, the light stimulus can be displayed where the rail arms are located on the right and left in the field of vision of the driver. This is analogously possible for intersections with road traffic, crosswalks or for ship traffic. The sensor module for determining the head position of the driver may comprise a camera, for example. The sensor module can be arranged at any desired location in or on or in the means of transport 5.FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of the system 1, which shows a variant of the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1. In contrast to the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, in the example in FIG. 4, the recognition module 20 recognizes the approach to a railroad crossing 12 on the basis of data of a sensor 24 of the means of transportation 5 by means of image recognition.The sensor 24 may be an image sensor. The sensor 24 may be a camera. The sensor 24 is located in or on the means of transport 5. the sensor 24 is configured such that the sensor 24 records image data of the region located in front of the means of transport 5 in the direction of travel. The image recognition is configured to recognize the approach to the railroad crossing 12.The image recognition can recognize when there are rails in the direction of travel of the means of transport 5 and cross the roadway of the means of transport 5 and / or recognize traffic signs 60. For example, image recognition may recognize traffic signs 60. The recognition module 20 can evaluate the data of the sensor 24 to determine whether traffic signs 60 are present in the direction of travel of the means of transport 5, which traffic signs indicate a railway crossing 12. The image recognition can recognize, for example, Andrea crosses. The image recognition may further recognize other signs that are indicative of a railway crossing 12.Furthermore, the system 1 can output an audio signal when the means of transport 5 approaches a railroad crossing 12. The audio signal can be output via the loudspeakers 54 of the means of transport 5. The driver of the means of transport 5 is thereby warned both visually with the light stimulus 40 and auditively with the audio signal.The audio signal may have various characteristics. For example, the audio signal may be a beep, a continuous tone of a fixed pitch or changing pitch, a siren-like pitch response, or combinations or other forms. When the recognition module 20 recognizes that the vehicle 5 is approaching a railroad crossing 12 more and more, the control module 30 may increase the volume of the audio signal and / or change the pitch and / or other characteristics of the audio signal.FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of the system 1, which shows a variant of the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1. In contrast to the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, in the example in FIG. 5, the recognition module 20 recognizes a traffic light 64 at the railroad crossing 12 and the control module 30 displays the traffic light 40 at such a position on the lighting unit that the traffic light 40 is arranged at the position of the traffic light 64 from the point of view of the driver of the means of transport 5. This alerts the traffic lights 64.It is also possible that the position of the light stimulus 40 is determined by the control module 30 such that the light stimulus 40 is located on the railroad crossing 12 from the point of view of the driver or on the rails located on the left and / or right in the field of view of the driver and / or on the position of the traffic signs 60.Furthermore, a further development is possible with which the driver of a means of transport 5 is warned by a light stimulus 40 when approaching a pedestrian crossing, a stop sign or other traffic situations with a potential accident risk. In such cases, the light stimulus 40 can be arranged, for example, on the position in which the zebra stripes are located on the road or the respective road sign 60 or the point of potential accident risk, for example a side road, junction or intersection.FIG. 6 shows spectacles 80 comprising a system 1. the system 1 may be one of the previous embodiments. The above explanations apply analogously to this. The eyeglasses 80 have one or more lighting units 50. The control module 30 receives a signal from the recognition module 20 about the approach to a railroad crossing 12 and calculates a light stimulus 40 displayed on the eyeglasses 80. For example, the light stimulus 40 may be disposed in the lateral field of view of the wearer of the eyeglasses 80. The di wasRecognition module 20 may recognize when means of transport 5 approaches a railroad crossing 12 on the basis of map data and a positioning module 22 and / or on the basis of a sensor 24. The recognition module 20 and the control module 30 can both be arranged in or on the motor vehicle 5 or in the spectacles 80, or one of the two modules 20, 30 can be arranged in or on the means of transport 5 and the other in or on the spectacles 80. If, for example, the recognition module 20 is arranged in or on the means of transport and the control module 30 is arranged in or on the spectacles 80, the system 1 of the spectacles 80 further comprises a connection with which the signal for approximating a railroad crossing 12 can be sent from the recognition module 20 to the control module 30 and received by the control module 30. If both modules 20, 30 are arranged in or on the means of transport 5, the system 1 of the spectacles 80 further comprises a connection between the control module 30 and a receiving module in or on the spectacles 80, wherein the control module 30 transmits a signal to the receiving module whether a light stimulus 40 is to be displayed. Further, the control module 30 may provide the receiving module with the data regarding the characteristics of the light stimulus 40. For example, the control module 30 can communicate to the receiving module at which position the light stimulus 40 is to be displayed, which size, shape, brightness and / or color the light stimulus is to have. The transmission between the module or modules in or on the means of transport with the module or modules in the spectacles can be effected, for example, in a cable-bound or wireless manner, for example via WLAN, Bluetooth or other radio technologies.The eyeglasses also have an energy supply for the lighting unit 50. The energy supply of the lighting unit can comprise, for example, a rechargeable or removable battery or a removable battery. The power supply supplies the lighting unit with the energy required for displaying the light stimulus.FIG. 6 shows a further exemplary embodiment of spectacles 80 comprising a system 1. the system 1 can be as explained with reference to FIG. 5. In contrast to the exemplary embodiment from FIG. 5, the example in FIG. 6 is configured such that drivers of any type of means of transport 5 are warned by one or more light stimuli 40 when approaching a railroad crossing 12. For example, the eyeglasses 80 may be worn by the rider of a bicycle, scooter, mofas, mopeds, motorcycle, or other means of transport, wherein the bicycle and scooter may not have a drive or drive. All means of transport 5 can have, for example, an internal combustion or electric motor or other types of drive.The recognition module 20 and the control module 30 can be located in or on the means of transport 5 or in or on the spectacles 80. For example, the recognition and control module 20, 30 can be arranged in or on the handlebar and / or the frame of the means of transport. The position of the light stimulus 40 within the field of view of the driver may, as explained in the embodiments explained above, correspond, for example, to the position of the traffic signs 60, the rails located to the left and right of the railway crossing 12 or the railway crossing 12. An application to further traffic situations with a potential risk of collision, such as, for example, in crosswalks, stop signs, etc., is likewise possible.In one exemplary embodiment, the recognition module 20 can have a locating module 22. The location module 22 may use a digital road map as map data to locate the railway crossing 10. The locating module 22 can have a GNSS receiver for self-positioning of the means of transport 5. in another exemplary embodiment, the detection of railroad crossings 10 can be carried out by the detection module 20, for example via a sign detection based on digital image data of a sensor 24.As the lighting unit 50, for example, a flashing light may be used. The flashing light or another lighting unit 50 can be installed in a revolving light band inside the means of transport 5. If the means of transport 5 travels on a road and, in the process, locates itself, for example, in the road network, the recognition module 20 recognizes if the means of transport 5 approaches a railroad crossing 12 which is entered in the map data associated with the locating module 22. As soon as the means of transport 5 enters a defined close range around the railroad crossing 12 according to its own location, the control module 30 activates the light stimulus 40 in the peripheral field of view in order to direct the gaze of the driver towards the railroad crossing 12.The exact position of the light stimulus 40 in the peripheral field of view of the driver is flexible and is adaptively controlled by the control module 30 during the approach to the railroad crossing 12, depending on the railroad crossing geometry (crossing angle) and / or the position of the means of transport 5, and / or the head position of the driver. It can thus be ensured that the light stimulus 40 is presented in the visual field at the target positions in each case. For example, a target position can be that a light stimulus 40 on the left and a further light stimulus 40 on the right side of the railroad crossing 12 is displayed in the field of vision of the driver in the direction of travel of the means of transport 5 in the peripheral field of vision of the driver in the lighting unit 50. Advantageously, the light stimulus 40 can be displayed in the periphery of the field of view of the driver, for example on the side window 70, at the position at which a means of transport, here a rail vehicle, could approach in order to direct the gaze of the driver thereto.In one exemplary embodiment, it is possible to distinguish between technically secured railroad crossings and non-technically secured railroad crossings when the light stimulus 40 is displayed. In the case of technically secured railway crossings, the gaze of the driver can be directed by the position of the light stimuli 40 e.g. onto the traffic lights 60 of the railway crossing 12. In the case of nontechnical railway transitions, the gaze of the driver can be directed into the periphery, for example, by the position of the light stimuli 40.The system can be integrated into existing means of transportation assistance systems 5. Advantageously, the system 1 uses components present in the means of transport 5 for detecting the approach to a railway crossing 12. For example, map data and locating modules 22 present in the means of transport 5 can be used to locate the means of transport 5 and to detect the approach to a railway crossing 12. Alternatively, in the case of means of transport 5 with existing sensors 24, such as a camera, for example, and existing image recognition of traffic signs 60, for example, this can be used as a basis for recognizing the approach to a railroad crossing 12. For example, it is possible for the recognition module 30 to recognize whether a traffic light 64 is present. For example, in this case, the control module 20 may suppress triggering of a light stimulus so as not to deflect the driver from the traffic light 64. Advantageously, the recognition of traffic signs 60, such as Andrea crosses, can serve as a second channel for recognizing the approach to a railroad crossing 12.The spectacles 80 offer a high flexibility when using the system 1 for informing the driver when approaching a railroad crossing 12. It is thus conceivable that drivers of older motor vehicle models and unprotected road users such as pedestrians, cyclists, scooter drivers, etc. can likewise benefit from the peripheral gaze guidance triggered by light stimuli 40 when approaching railroad crossing 10 and the associated increased attention through spectacles 80 coupled to positioning modules 22.The triggering of the light stimulus 40 is independent of whether or not a means of transport, in this case a rail vehicle, actually approaches. Therefore, no communication with the rail or train infrastructure is required.List of reference characters1 System 5 Means of transport 10 Intersection point 20 Recognition module 22 Positioning module 24 Sensor 30 Control module 35 Sensor module 40 Light stimulus 42 Information 50 Lighting unit 54 Loudspeaker 60 Road signs 64 Light sign installation 70 Side window 75 External mirror 78 A-pillar 80 Spectacles

Claims

System (1) for informing a driver of a means of transport (5) about an approach to an intersection point (12), comprising - a detection module (20) for detecting the approach of the means of transport (5) to the intersection point (10), wherein the detection module (20) transmits a signal to a control module (30) when approaching; the control module (30) which receives the signal, calculates a light stimulus (40) to be output based on the signal and displays the light stimulus (40) to be output on a lighting unit (50), such that the light stimulus (40) is perceived by the driver as an indicator that the means of transport (5) approaches an intersection point (10), wherein the control module (30) displays the light stimulus (40) to be output on the lighting unit (50) such that the light stimulus (40) is located at a position at which a potentially approaching crossing vehicle is located from the point of view of the driver of the means of transport (5); and - a sensor module (35) which is configured to detect a head position of a driver of the means of transport (5) and to transmit it to the control module (30), and wherein the control module (30) is configured to display the light stimulus (40) on the lighting unit (50) in such a way that the light stimulus (40) is located at a position at which a potentially approaching crossing means of transport is located from the point of view of the driver of the means of transport (5), wherein the position is calculated by means of the head position detected by the sensor module (35).The system (1) according to claim 1, wherein the signal comprises a direction of the intersection point (10) relative to the means of transport (5) and / or a position of a potentially approaching crossing vehicle.The system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the recognition module (20) further comprises a locating module (22) for determining a position of the means of transport (5) and map data, such that the recognition module (20) determines the approach to the intersection point (10) based on the map data and the position.The system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the recognition module (20) recognizes the approach to the intersection point (10) by means of image recognition based on data of a sensor (24) of the means of transport (5).The system (1) according to claim 4, wherein the sensor (24) recognizes traffic signs (60) by means of image recognition and the recognition module (20) receives data of the image recognition and evaluates whether traffic signs have been recognized which indicate an intersection point.The system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the control module (30) displays the light stimulus (40) to be output on the lighting unit (50) in such a way that the driver of the means of transport (5) is stimulated to check an approach of a crossing means of transport when approaching the intersection point (10).The system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the control module (30) calculates the light stimulus (40) to be output such that the light stimulus (40) blinks.The system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the control module (30) additionally generates an audio signal based on the signal and outputs it via loudspeakers (54) of the means of transport (5).The system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the detection module (20) determines a distance to the intersection point (10) and the signal comprises the distance, wherein the control module (30) changes the light stimulus (40) to be output as the intersection point (10) is approached.The system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the control module (30) displays the light stimulus (40) to be output on the lighting unit (50) such that the light stimulus (40) is located at a position at which a traffic sign of the intersection point (10) is located from the point of view of the driver of the means of transport (5).The system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the lighting unit (50) is arranged in at least one side window (70) and / or a windshield writing of the means of transport (5).Method for informing a driver of a means of transport (5) about an approach to an intersection point (10), comprising - detection of the approach of the means of transport (5) to the intersection point (10) by a detection module (20), wherein the detection module (20) sends a signal to a control module (30) when approaching the intersection point (10); - reception of the signal by the control module (30); - calculation of a light stimulus (40) to be output based on the signal; - display of the light stimulus (40) to be output on a lighting unit (50), such that the light stimulus (40) is perceived by the driver as an indicator that the means of transport (5) approaches an intersection point (10); - determination of a head position of a driver of the means of transport (5) by means of a sensor module (35) and transmission of the head position to the control module (30); and - determining a position of the light stimulus (40) on the lighting unit (50) based on the head position detected by the sensor module (35) such that the light stimulus (40) is located at a position at which a potentially approaching crossing traffic means is located from the point of view of the driver of the traffic means (5).Method according to Claim 12, wherein the detection that the means of traffic (5) approaches an intersection point (10) is carried out on the basis of a locating module (22) for determining a position of the means of traffic (5) and on the basis of digital map data, such that the detection module (20) determines the approach to the intersection point (10) on the basis of the map data and the position.Method according to Claim 12, wherein the detection of the approach to the intersection point (10) takes place on the basis of image detection on the basis of image data of a sensor (24) of the means of transport (5).Means of transport (5) comprising a system (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11.Spectacles (80) comprising a system (1) according to any of claims 1 to 11.