Combustion engine with a water rail system

Abstract

The invention relates to an internal combustion engine with a water rail system in a motor vehicle.The internal combustion engine comprises at least one cylinder, as well as a cylinder head placed on the at least one cylinder and a valve cover placed on the cylinder head, wherein the cylinder head comprises at least one inlet channel and a bore, wherein the bore extends from an outer surface of the cylinder head into the at least one inlet channel, wherein the water rail system comprises at least one water injector which is arranged in the region of the outer surface of the cylinder head partially in the bore and is designed to inject water into the inlet channel, wherein the internal combustion engine comprises an intake manifold which is placed on the inlet channel and is designed to supply air to the at least one inlet channel, wherein the internal combustion engine comprises thermal insulation, wherein the at least one water injector is arranged in a receiving space between the thermal insulation and the cylinder head.

Description

The present invention relates to an encapsulated water rail of a motor vehicle.Current motor vehicles must meet ever more stringent exhaust gas standards. Especially with respect to the EURO7 standard, high requirements for the efficiency of motors must be fulfilled.Previous engines have partially injected fuel into a combustion chamber of the engine in order to cool the combustion chamber, in particular in the higher power range. However, this method may result in poorer exhaust gas values.To solve this problem, distilled water can be used for cooling in modern motors. However, this method can be problematic, in particular at low temperatures.DE 102014222461 A1 discloses an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, both with an engine block / cylinder head assembly having a cooling duct, and with a coolant circuit which comprises a cooler and a cooling line which are fluidically coupled to the cooling duct.DE 10 2019,113 497 A1 relates to an internal combustion engine arrangement and to a method for injecting water in an internal combustion engine arrangement of this typeDE 103 34 913 A1 This invention relates to a nonmetallic intake manifold and in particular to a nonmetallic intake manifold with an integrated cable set, integrated seal and integrated fuel injection valve arrangement and features for minimizing hydrocarbon emissions.DE 10 2019 103 209 A1 relates to a water distribution pipe for introducing water into an internal combustion engine.The solutions disclosed in the prior art use directly enveloping insulations which do not efficiently use the waste heat of the internal combustion engine. Furthermore, replacing the supply lines in the event of a fault is complicated or expensive.It is therefore the object of the invention to provide a solution which solves the problems of the prior art.For this purpose, according to the invention, an internal combustion engine with a water rail system according to claim 1 is provided, and a motor vehicle for using the internal combustion engine with the water rail system according to claim 10.The invention relates to an internal combustion engine having a water rail system in a motor vehicle. The internal combustion engine comprises at least one cylinder, and a cylinder head placed on the at least one cylinder and a valve cover placed on the cylinder head, wherein the cylinder head comprises at least one inlet duct and a bore, wherein the bore extends from an outer surface of the cylinder head into the at least one inlet duct, wherein the water rail system comprises at least one water injector, which is arranged in the region of the outer surface of the cylinder head partially in the bore and is designed to inject water into the inlet duct, wherein the internal combustion engine comprises an intake pipe, which is placed on the inlet duct and is designed to supply air to the at least one inlet duct, wherein the internal combustion engine comprises a thermal insulation, wherein the at least one water injector is arranged in an accommodation space between the thermal insulation and the cylinder head.The at least one water injector may be screwed or inserted into the bore of the cylinder head. For this purpose, the water injector and the bore of the cylinder head can comprise a thread at a first end or be held by a holder. At least one nozzle can also be arranged at the first end, which is designed to discharge water. The at least one water injector can be screwed into the bore in the cylinder head via the thread or can be held with the holder. The water injector protrudes with at least one second end out of the bore, whereby it is only partially arranged in the bore. The water injector may be connected at the second end to a water rail. A seal may be disposed in the bore of the cylinder head. The seal or a sealing compound can also be arranged between the thread of the cylinder head and the thread of the water injector.In a further configuration, the thermal insulation is formed from a polyurethane foam or comprises such a polyurethane foam.Polyurethane foam, often also known as PUR foam, can be a highly effective thermal insulation material because of its unique cellular properties and chemical structure. The closed cell structure of this foam can create a series of small gas bubbles which are trapped and thus minimize heat transfer by convection considerably. As a result, polyurethane foam has low thermal conductivity, which means that it can efficiently prevent heat losses.In addition to the low thermal conductivity, polyurethane foam may also have high moisture resistance. Moisture can degrade the insulating properties of many materials, but the water resistance of polyurethane foam helps maintain its insulating functionality over long periods of time, making it a permanent solution for insulating applications.Polyurethane foam can also be adapted very well to different shapes and spaces, which makes it a versatile insulating material, regardless of whether for planar applications or at points for specific industrial process requirements. Its high insulation performance can therefore enable effective energy saving.According to the invention, the water rail system comprises the water rail, wherein the water rail can be supplied with the water and the at least one water injector is connected to the water rail, wherein the water rail runs partially within the receiving space.According to the invention, an outer surface of the valve cover and the outer surface of the cylinder head are designed to discharge waste heat of the internal combustion engine into the receiving space during operation, as a result of which the water rail and the at least one water injector can be heated.This can be effected by the thermal insulation with the thermal insulation and in that the cylinder head and / or the valve cover consists of a more thermally conductive material, such as the thermal insulation, in particular of a metal or a metal alloy.In terms of thermal conductivity, metals and polyurethane foam (PUR foam) differ fundamentally. Metals can typically be excellent conductors of heat, meaning they have the ability to transfer heat energy rapidly from one area to another. This property makes metals ideal for applications where efficient heat dissipation or transfer is required.In contrast, polyurethane foam is a material having very low thermal conductivity. Due to its cellular structure, which can often consist of small, closed cells that enclose gases, PUR foam inhibits heat transport, since the enclosed gases conduct far less heat than solid materials or liquids. This makes it an excellent insulator.The internal combustion engine with a water rail system may be designed to be used for passenger cars (cars), trucks (trucks) or buses. Within the scope of the disclosure, the individual axes and planes as well as the rotational and pivoting movements relate to the vehicle coordinate system customary in vehicle construction. The origin of the coordinate system lies at the center of gravity of the vehicle. Here, a positive X axis is in the direction of travel. A positive Z-axis points in the direction of the vehicle roof, i.e. upwards. A positive Y axis is perpendicular to the driver's door of a left hand drive and points to the left in the direction of travel. Not only directed movements but also moments can occur on the vehicle. The moments occur about the coordinate axes.A movement about the X axis is referred to as rolling, a pitch about the Y axis and a movement about the Z axis is referred to as yawing. Yawing can also be referred to as "centrifuging".In a further advantageous embodiment, the receiving space is closed in the direction of travel, i.e. in the direction of the positive X axis in the vehicle coordinate system.A relative wind cannot thereby flow directly into the receiving space. As a result, the relative wind cannot flow directly against the water rail and / or the at least one water injector or the water rail system.In a further embodiment, the receiving space comprises an opening counter to the direction of travel, i.e. in the direction of the negative X axis in the vehicle coordinate system, wherein: a) the water rail extends out of the opening; or b) a supply line extends through the opening into the receiving space and is connected to the water rail within the receiving space.The water rail can thereby be connected to a high-pressure pump for water delivery, which can be positioned flexibly.In a further advantageous embodiment, the internal combustion engine has a multiplicity of cylinders, wherein the water rail system has at least one water injector for each cylinder.In a further embodiment, the receiving space is a common receiving space and the plurality of water injectors are arranged in the common receiving space and the thermal insulation isolates the common receiving space.The insulation takes place from the receiving space to the outside of the receiving space, in particular to the outside of the internal combustion engine.In a further advantageous embodiment, the thermal insulation: a) is formed in one piece; and / or b) is connected to the cylinder head and / or the valve cover and / or the intake pipe via a screw connection.The invention also relates to a motor vehicle having an internal combustion engine, wherein the internal combustion engine is constructed according to one of the above configurations.The invention is described below purely by way of example with reference to the drawings. The following are shown: FIG. 1 shows an internal combustion engine in section; FIG. 2 shows an internal combustion engine in plan view, also the cylinder head.FIG. 1 shows an internal combustion engine 100 in section with a water rail system 140. The internal combustion engine 100 comprises at least one cylinder, and a cylinder head 110 mounted on the at least one cylinder and a valve cover 120 mounted on the cylinder head 110, wherein the cylinder head 110 comprises at least one inlet duct 111 and a bore 112, wherein the bore 112 extends from an outer surface of the cylinder head 110 into the at least one inlet duct 111, wherein the water rail system 140 comprises at least one water injector 150 which is arranged in the region of the outer surface of the cylinder head 110 partially in the bore 112 and is designed to inject water into the inlet duct 111, wherein the internal combustion engine 100 comprises an intake pipe 130 which is mounted on the inlet duct 111 and is designed to feed air to the at least one inlet duct 111, wherein the internal combustion engine 100 comprises a heat insulation, wherein the at least one water injector 150 is arranged in a receiving space 160 between the thermal insulation 170 and the cylinder head 110. A seal 113 is disposed in the bore 112 of the cylinder head 110.FIG. 2 shows an internal combustion engine 100 without the valve cover 120 and intake pipe 130 from FIG. 1 in plan view with a water rail system 140. The internal combustion engine 100 comprises at least one cylinder, and a cylinder head 110 mounted on the at least one cylinder and a valve cover 120 mounted on the cylinder head 110, wherein the cylinder head 110 comprises at least one inlet duct 111 and a bore 112, wherein the bore 112 extends from an outer surface of the cylinder head 110 into the at least one inlet duct 111, wherein the water rail system 140 comprises at least one water injector 150 which is arranged in the region of the outer surface of the cylinder head 110 partially in the bore 112 and is designed to inject water into the inlet duct 111, wherein the internal combustion engine 100 comprises a heat insulation, wherein the at least one water injector 150 is arranged in an accommodation space 160 between the heat insulation 170 and the cylinder head 110.The water rail system 140 comprises a water rail 145, wherein the water rail 145 can be supplied with the water and the at least one water injector 150 is connected to the water rail 145, wherein the water rail 145 runs partially within the receiving space 160.The invention is not limited to the described exemplary embodiments. Within the scope of the invention, all features described and / or shown can be combined with one another as desired, unless stated otherwise.Reference numerals denote reference numerals100 Internal combustion engine 110 Cylinder head 111 Inlet duct 112 Bore 113 Seal 120 Valve cover 130 Intake pipe 140 Water rail system 145 Water rail 150 Water injector 160 Receiving space 170 Heat insulation

Claims

Internal combustion engine (100) having a water rail system (140) in a motor vehicle, having the following features: the internal combustion engine (100) comprises at least one cylinder, and a cylinder head (110) placed on the at least one cylinder and a valve cover (120) placed on the cylinder head (110), the cylinder head (110) comprising at least one inlet duct (111) and a bore (112), the bore (112) extending from an outer surface of the cylinder head (110) into the at least one inlet duct (111), the water rail system (140) comprising at least one water injector (150) which is arranged in the region of the outer surface of the cylinder head (110) partially in the bore (112) and is designed to inject water into the inlet duct (111), the internal combustion engine (100) comprising an intake pipe (130), which is placed on the inlet duct (111) and is designed to feed air to the at least one inlet duct (111), characterized in that the internal combustion engine (100) comprises a heat insulation, wherein the at least one water injector (150) is arranged in a receiving space (160) between the heat insulation (170) and the cylinder head (110), wherein the water rail system (140) comprises a water rail (145), wherein the water rail (145) can be fed with the water and the at least one water injector (150) is connected to the water rail (145), wherein the water rail (145) extends partially within the receiving space (160), wherein an outer surface of the valve cover (120) and the outer surface of the cylinder head (110) are designed to be able to feed the water, Waste heat of the internal combustion engine ( 100) can be discharged into the receiving space ( 160) during operation, as a result of which the water rail ( 145) and the at least one water injector ( 150) can be heated.Internal combustion engine (100) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the thermal insulation (170) is formed from a polyurethane foam or comprises such a polyurethane foam.Internal combustion engine (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the receiving space (160) is closed in the direction of travel, that is to say in the direction of the positive X axis in the vehicle coordinate system.Internal combustion engine (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the receiving space (160) comprises an opening counter to the direction of travel, i.e. in the direction of the negative X axis in the vehicle coordinate system, wherein: a) the water rail (145) extends out of the opening; or b) a supply line extends through the opening into the receiving space (160) and is connected to the water rail (145) within the receiving space (160).Internal combustion engine (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the internal combustion engine (100) comprises a plurality of cylinders, wherein the water rail system (140) has at least one water injector (150) for each cylinder.Internal combustion engine (100) according to Claim 5, characterized in that the receiving space (160) is a common receiving space (160), and in that the plurality of water injectors (150) are arranged in the common receiving space (160), and in that the thermal insulation (170) insulates the common receiving space (160).Internal combustion engine (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thermal insulation (170) is formed in one piece; and / or b) is connected to the cylinder head (110) and / or the valve cover (120) and / or the intake pipe (130) via a screw connection.Motor vehicle having an internal combustion engine (100), the internal combustion engine (100) being constructed according to one of the preceding claims.

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