Electrically powered motor vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrically powered motor vehicle (1) with at least one emergency exit (2), at least one traction battery (3), at least one further high-voltage component (4), and at least one pyrotechnic switch (6) via which the traction battery (3) is electrically connected to the high-voltage component (4), wherein the motor vehicle (1) is designed to detect an accident and / or a rollover of the motor vehicle (1) and, in this case, to disconnect an electrical connection between the traction battery (3) and the further high-voltage component (4) by triggering the pyrotechnic switch (6), wherein furthermore at least one characterized lever (5) or switch is arranged in and / or on the motor vehicle (1), by actuation of which the pyrotechnic switch (6) can also be triggered, wherein the pyrotechnic switch (6) is configured to signal its triggered state by means of a signal.furthermore, a pyrotechnic actuator (7) or pyrotechnic glass breaker (7) is arranged in the motor vehicle (1), which can be triggered by the signal and is configured to open or release the at least one emergency exit (2), furthermore, at least one power source (8) independent of the traction battery (3) or a piezoelectric installation (8) is arranged for igniting the pyrotechnic switch (6) and / or the pyrotechnic actuator (7) or pyrotechnic glass breaker (7) in the motor vehicle (1).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to an electrically powered motor vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1.

[0002] Buses with Class 2 approval (or similar vehicles, such as battery-electric trains) require emergency exits in the roof. Electric buses have high-voltage components on the roof, which could pose a hazard in the event of a crash. Therefore, a safe emergency exit through the roof cannot be guaranteed.

[0003] Pyrotechnic disconnect switches (so-called pyro-fuses) and actuators are known in the prior art. DE 10 2012 021 864 A1 describes a pyrotechnic glass breaker.

[0004] DE 10 2016 107 707 B3 describes a protective device for a high-voltage power supply of a motor vehicle with a busbar with a resistor between a first terminal and a second terminal of the busbar, a control device designed to control a pyrotechnic fuse by means of a control signal using a voltage drop across the resistor and a power supply device for the pyrotechnic fuse and the control device supplied by the voltage drop.

[0005] The invention is based on the objective of providing a novel electrically powered motor vehicle.

[0006] The problem is solved according to the invention by an electrically powered motor vehicle with the features of claim 1.

[0007] Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

[0008] An electrically powered motor vehicle is proposed, comprising at least one emergency exit, at least one traction battery, at least one further high-voltage component, and at least one pyrotechnic switch by which the traction battery is electrically connected to the high-voltage component, wherein the motor vehicle is designed to detect an accident and / or a rollover of the motor vehicle and, in this case, to disconnect an electrical connection between the traction battery and the further high-voltage component by triggering the pyrotechnic switch.According to the invention, at least one characterized lever or switch is further arranged in and / or on the motor vehicle, by actuation of which the pyrotechnic switch can also be triggered, wherein the pyrotechnic switch is configured to signal its triggered state by means of a signal, wherein furthermore a pyrotechnic actuator or pyrotechnic glass breaker is arranged in the motor vehicle, which can be triggered by the signal and is configured to open or release the at least one emergency exit, wherein furthermore at least one power source independent of the traction battery or a piezoelectric installation for igniting the pyrotechnic switch and / or the pyrotechnic actuator or pyrotechnic glass breaker is arranged in the motor vehicle.

[0009] A (battery-)electric bus has emergency exits, such as roof hatches, and, in addition to the high-voltage battery, other live high-voltage components such as pantographs or busbars. Opening the emergency exits near these high-voltage components poses a safety risk to passengers in an emergency. The invention provides a robust system to ensure a high-voltage emergency shutdown at a manageable cost and can even optionally replace an emergency hammer, as the lever mechanism in combination with the pyrotechnic glass breaker minimizes operator error.

[0010] The solution according to the invention reduces the risk of electric shocks during emergency exits via the roof caused by damaged or unprotected high-voltage contact points, such as charging rails or pantographs. In general, this makes it possible to produce buses with Class 2 approval and today's standard high-voltage equipment.

[0011] However, the solution according to the invention can also be used in other vehicles or in other locations, for example in the floor of a vehicle.

[0012] Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to a drawing.

[0013] This shows: Fig. 1: A schematic view of a fully electric or partially electric motor vehicle that has at least one emergency exit.

[0014] The only Fig.Figure 1 is a schematic view of a fully electric or partially electric motor vehicle 1, which has at least one emergency exit 2, wherein the motor vehicle 1 has at least one traction battery 3 and at least one further high-voltage component 4, for example a pantograph, busbars, etc. The motor vehicle 1 is designed to disconnect the connection between the traction battery 3 and the further high-voltage component 4 upon detection of an accident. The high-voltage component 4 can, for example, be arranged on a roof 10 of the motor vehicle 1.

[0015] The separation can be triggered manually by a passenger and / or driver using a marked lever 5, or it can be initiated by a pyrotechnic switch 6. Several levers 5 for triggering the separation can be arranged inside and / or outside the vehicle 1, which can be operated, for example, by a driver, a passenger, or emergency personnel. Alternatively or additionally to the lever 5, a remote control (remote trigger) can be provided for triggering the separation. In particular, a lever 5 can be arranged directly at and / or next to the emergency exit 2 inside the vehicle 1, which can be operated by a passenger immediately before exiting.

[0016] This can be done using a multi-stage process, for example a three-stage process: First, an accident is detected, for example by means of an airbag control unit, which generates a signal to deploy an airbag when an accident is detected. This signal can also be used to disconnect the high-voltage component 4, for example by triggering the pyrotechnic switch 6. Alternatively, the pyrotechnic switch 6 can be triggered manually by operating the mechanism via the lever 5.

[0017] Confirmation that the separation has taken place can be provided via a signal that, for example, indicates the disconnected status of the pyrotechnic switch 6.

[0018] This signal can be used to trigger a pyrotechnic actuator 7 or pyrotechnic glass breaker 7 in order to open at least one emergency exit 2 (for example, a roof hatch, a window, in particular a rear window). The pyrotechnic glass breaker 7 can, for example, be designed as described in German patent application DE 10 2012 021 864 A1, the contents of which are hereby incorporated in full by reference into the present application.

[0019] The separation can function autonomously in particular. For example, a separate power source 8 (battery, capacitor) independent of the traction battery 3 and the high-voltage system, or a piezoelectric installation 8 for igniting the pyrotechnic actuators 7 (e.g., propellant charges, pyrotechnic switches 6) can be provided.

[0020] Lines 9 between the independent power source 8 and the pyrotechnic actuators 7 can be protected against mechanical damage in the event of a crash, for example by being designed as armored cables.

[0021] The solution according to the invention enables a targeted and irreversible disconnection of the further high-voltage component 4, for example a rooftop component, from the high-voltage vehicle electrical system in an emergency, and only then an opening of the emergency exits 2, for example roof emergency exits, secured by a defined sequence of individual steps. Thus, no escape is possible before the further high-voltage component 4 has been disconnected.

[0022] After the emergency opening procedure has been triggered, a multi-stage process can take place: In an emergency, the switch or lever 5 or the remote control can be manually operated by a passenger, a driver, or emergency personnel to initiate the separation. Alternatively, the separation can be triggered by the detection of a crash or the vehicle 1 overturning.

[0023] The actual disconnection of the further high-voltage component 4 is effected, for example, by a pyrotechnic switch 6 (pyro-fuse). This is followed by confirmation that the disconnection has indeed occurred. Subsequently, a further mechanism is triggered, for example, a pyrotechnic actuator 7, which destroys or opens the emergency exit 2, such as a roof hatch, which in particular has safety glass. Alternatively, the further mechanism can also enable the opening of a conventional, manually operated roof or floor hatch. Reference symbol list 1 motor vehicle 2 Emergency Exit 3 traction batteries 4 High-voltage components 5 levers 6 pyrotechnic switches 7 pyrotechnic actuator, pyrotechnic glass breaker 8 independent power sources, piezoelectric installation 9 Management 10 Roof QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] DE 10 2012 021 864 A1 [0003, 0018] DE 10 2016 107 707 B3

[0004]

Claims

[1] Electrically powered motor vehicle (1) with at least one emergency exit (2), at least one traction battery (3), at least one further high-voltage component (4) and at least one pyrotechnic switch (6) by which the traction battery (3) is electrically connected to the high-voltage component (4), wherein the motor vehicle (1) is designed to detect an accident and / or a tipping over of the motor vehicle (1) and in this case to disconnect an electrical connection between the traction battery (3) and the further high-voltage component (4) by triggering the pyrotechnic switch (6), characterized by, that furthermore at least one marked lever (5) or switch is arranged in and / or on the motor vehicle (1), by actuation of which the pyrotechnic switch (6) can also be triggered, wherein the pyrotechnic switch (6) is configured to signal its triggered state by means of a signal, wherein furthermore a pyrotechnic actuator (7) or pyrotechnic glass breaker (7) is arranged in the motor vehicle (1), which can be triggered by the signal and is configured to open or release the at least one emergency exit (2), wherein furthermore at least one power source (8) independent of the traction battery (3) or a piezoelectric installation (8) for igniting the pyrotechnic switch (6) and / or the pyrotechnic actuator (7) or pyrotechnic glass breaker (7) is arranged in the motor vehicle (1). [2] Electrically powered motor vehicle (1) according to claim 1, characterized by, that at least one conductor (9) designed as an armored cable is arranged between the independent power source (8) and the pyrotechnic switch (6) and / or the pyrotechnic actuator (7) or the pyrotechnic glass breaker (7). [3] Electrically powered motor vehicle (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by , that the high-voltage component (4) is arranged on a roof (10) of the motor vehicle (1). [4] Electrically powered motor vehicle (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the further high-voltage component (4) is designed as a pantograph or as a busbar. [5] Electrically powered motor vehicle (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the emergency exit (2) is designed as a roof hatch or a window, in particular a rear window. [6] Electrically powered motor vehicle (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized byan airbag control unit configured to detect an accident and / or a rollover of the motor vehicle (1). [7] Electrically powered motor vehicle (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that furthermore a remote control is provided for triggering the pyrotechnic switch (6). [8] Electrically powered motor vehicle (1) according to any of the preceding claims, designed as a bus.

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