Method for greasing a workpiece, greasing device and greasing system

Abstract

The invention relates, inter alia, to a method for greasing a workpiece (14) with a liquid to pasty greasing agent, in particular oil, in which the greasing of the workpiece (14) is carried out with a greasing device (10), for which purpose the greasing device (10) has a mask (28) representing the desired greasing state of the workpiece (10) available, characterized in that said mask (28), preferably with a minimized amount of greasing agent, is created by including or by means of a calculated, in particular computer-aided, simulation, which simulation takes into account information about the physical properties of the workpiece (14) as well as information about the subsequent intended processing, in particular forming, of the greased workpiece (14), wherein the greasing device (10) has an interface (31) for transferring the result of the simulation,in particular the created mask (28) has on the greasing device (10) and / or performs said simulation itself, in particular embedded.

Description

[0001] According to a first aspect, the invention relates to a method for greasing workpieces with liquid to pasty greasing agent, in particular oil.

[0002] The application of grease to such workpieces or their surfaces, such as sheet metal blanks or so-called coil material, is well known from the prior art.

[0003] Such greasing is particularly necessary to enable further processing of the workpieces. For example, a workpiece would typically crack during a subsequent forming process, such as in a press, if it were not sufficiently greased.

[0004] It is therefore generally known from the prior art to provide appropriate greasing masks with regard to the subsequent, desired processing of the workpiece, which, taking into account the geometry of the workpiece, can contain information about the desired greasing state of the workpiece after greasing.

[0005] This mask can, for example, have a base value specifying the amount of grease the workpiece should have in normal, non-processed areas. However, different values ​​can be specified for areas that undergo special processing, such as deep drawing with dies or similar operations. For instance, areas directly subjected to dies could be assigned lower grease values, while the edges of such deep-drawn areas could be assigned higher values ​​to improve flow during forming.

[0006] In any case, a specific greasing mask can be assigned to a greasing device for the desired greasing process of a workpiece in this way.

[0007] Such a lubrication mask is created manually, for example, with computer assistance. For instance, lubrication devices are known from DE 10 2017 010 270 A1 of the applicant, which have an interface with which an experienced operator can create or define suitable lubrication masks or lubrication patterns for the upcoming lubrication process. The user defines corresponding lubrication zones in the mask according to the criteria mentioned above.

[0008] These manually created masks can then be tested for suitability using a trial-and-error process. Naturally, experienced users will require fewer failed attempts to create a suitable mask.

[0009] If a company has such an experienced user available, such a process can be carried out satisfactorily for years.

[0010] Problems typically arise, however, when an experienced user leaves a company and a new, inexperienced person is suddenly tasked with applying the corresponding lubrication masks. The resulting material waste from the associated trial-and-error processes, and consequently the operating costs of the lubrication device, typically reach undesirably high levels in such cases.

[0011] Furthermore, even experienced users cannot assume that the mask is optimally configured: If no damage or cracks occur in the material during testing, it can be assumed that all areas on the surface of the workpiece to be greased have been adequately greased. However, it is naturally possible that these areas have been over-greased, so there may well be potential for savings in the amount of grease required.

[0012] The object of the invention is therefore to optimize the greasing process, in particular with regard to avoiding unnecessary over-greasing and manual errors in positioning the greasing mask.

[0013] The invention solves the stated problem according to a first aspect with the features of claim 1 and is characterized in particular by the fact that said mask is created by including or by means of a calculated, in particular computer-aided, simulation, which simulation takes into account information about the physical properties of the workpiece as well as information about the subsequent intended processing, in particular forming, of the greased workpiece, wherein the greased device has an interface for transferring the result of the simulation, in particular the created mask, to the greased device and / or performs said simulation itself, in particular embedded, for example by means of an integrated simulator.

[0014] In other words, the problem underlying the invention is solved in particular by designing the greasing device in such a way that it is no longer dependent on a user manually creating a (greasing) mask, but is able to accept (and automatically process) or create a (greasing) mask that was created as part of a simulation.

[0015] Alternatively, it can also be provided that the greasing device is able to accept the results of the simulation and calculate a mask itself from them.

[0016] The mask contains, in particular, information that is location-specific with regard to the workpiece and especially concerns the amount of grease to be applied at the respective location.

[0017] The mask is specifically designed to minimize the use of grease. This means that the mask creates a grease application pattern (relative to the workpiece) that allows for maximum savings in grease.

[0018] For this purpose, a grease value can be assigned to locations on the workpiece (especially in relation to the amount of grease), which relates to the minimum amount of grease that must be applied (at this location) to prevent damage to the workpiece during subsequent processing.

[0019] Depending on the application, the mask should preferably have data regarding an optimal lubrication condition, which may consist of both roughness peaks on the surface of the workpiece and valleys between them being completely covered with grease.

[0020] Depending on the workpiece, other lubrication conditions could also be calculated, such as a minimum quantity lubrication in which the aforementioned valleys are completely filled with grease, but the roughness peaks are not covered.

[0021] However, due to the risk of damage, in most cases the first, optimal lubrication condition will preferably be the result of the simulation, which is depicted in the mask.

[0022] In contrast to the state of the art, the mask is calculated within the framework or on the basis of a simulation and is not, as in the aforementioned state of the art, manually determined by a user (based on a rough estimate and the user's experience) (i.e., not simulation-based).

[0023] In this way, in particular, grease can be saved, since users usually tend to apply more lubricant (this term is to be used in the present application as a synonym for grease) than would actually be necessary.

[0024] The simulation is calculated, i.e., it is carried out using computer-aided or software-based methods.

[0025] Performing simulations using computers or software is standard practice today. However, the invention should also encompass the possibility of performing the simulation purely mathematically and manually (which is certainly a less preferred embodiment of the invention).

[0026] The simulation typically uses models defined by formulas.

[0027] The simulation can take into account information about the physical properties of the workpiece, such as its material, contours, and / or surface finish. Regarding surface finish, for example, roughness peaks can be specifically targeted or averaged.

[0028] The simulation can also take into account information about the subsequent processing of the workpiece, in particular about the tool to be used (such as its type, material and / or coating).

[0029] Preferably, the subsequent processing of the workpiece involves forming, so that the planned work steps of a forming process can be taken into account in the simulation. For example, the simulation can consider location-specific data (regarding the workpiece) to determine where machining, and in particular forming, effects with especially large forces (especially frictional forces with the tools used) occur.

[0030] Information about these (friction) forces can be determined in advance of the simulation, for example through tribometric measurements, for which the applicant also provides tribometers.

[0031] Depending on the workpiece processing, different requirements may apply. For example, in forming processes such as deep drawing, those areas that come into direct contact with a punch and are to be drawn out from the main plane of the workpiece surface are typically coated less or not at all with grease. This is because these areas, which are subjected to particularly high pressure, should not "flow" excessively under pressure, unlike the rest of the workpiece surface, and should preferably retain their thickness.

[0032] The edges surrounding the deep-drawn areas should typically contain a lot of grease to support the actual deep drawing process.

[0033] Advantageously, it is generally provided that the created mask is calculated or created separately from the greasing device, with the greasing device having an interface for transferring said created mask to the greasing device.

[0034] Alternatively, it can also be provided that the interface is not used for transferring the finished mask, but only for transferring the simulation result.

[0035] The transmitted data may be subject to a standard, for example OPCUA (Open Platform Communications Unified Architecture).

[0036] This interface can be, for example, a physical interface, such as a connector like a socket (e.g., a USB socket or similar). Alternatively, the interface can also be a contactless interface, suitable for receiving data transmitted wirelessly. For example, in this case, the data can be transmitted wirelessly to the interface via Bluetooth, the internet, and / or Wi-Fi or similar technologies.

[0037] Such a contactless interface offers the particular advantage that the manufacturer of such a lubrication device can remotely and contactlessly update a lubrication device sold to a customer, to which he initially no longer has physical access, with simulated masks and / or results or adapt it for intended use cases without having to be on site.

[0038] In this sense, the lubrication device can be integrated into a wired network or, indeed, into a wireless or contactless network. In particular, the lubrication device can be connected to the internet.

[0039] According to an alternative advantageous embodiment of the invention, a simulator can be provided in the greasing device itself, which can perform the calculated simulation itself (and create a mask itself).

[0040] In other words, the lubrication device may, for example, have an interface through which a user can perform a simulation using software embedded in the lubrication device.

[0041] In this case, for example, he can “feed” the simulator with information about the physical properties of the workpiece and the subsequent processing (and, if applicable, information about the greasing agent), and the greasing device itself can then calculate a suitable mask as part of a simulation.

[0042] Such an interface can, for example, be operated locally (e.g., via a keyboard / mouse and / or a screen or similar device assigned to the lubrication device).

[0043] Alternatively, the interface can also be accessible without contact, for example via a contactless data connection such as a WLAN connection, internet connection, Bluetooth connection or similar, so that in this case too, the execution of a simulation by software embedded in the lubrication device can be initiated from another location, for example from the location of the manufacturer, who has remote access to a delivered lubrication device.

[0044] The lubrication device may in particular include a control system that coordinates the actual lubrication process, for example controlling the nozzles intended for lubrication, conveying the workpiece, and similar functions.

[0045] If a simulator, in particular simulation software, is integrated into the lubrication device, it can also be connected to or integrated into the control system.

[0046] The method according to the invention is used for greasing a workpiece. The workpieces are in particular planar bodies, i.e., bodies whose longitudinal and / or lateral orientation exceeds their thickness by several times.

[0047] In particular, the workpieces may be made of sheet metal and / or have essentially flat surfaces.

[0048] Preferably, these are circuit boards, which are designed as sheet metal panels, sheet metal blanks or similar.

[0049] This could particularly involve sheet metal blanks for the automotive industry or a similar industry. However, this is merely an example. A method according to the invention is, of course, applicable in any other industry where workpiece surfaces need to be greased.

[0050] The workpieces preferably have flat or planar surfaces.

[0051] Alternatively, the workpieces can be so-called coil material, i.e., sheets wound continuously on drums. These can also be greased according to the invention, and sections or parts thereof are also to be understood as workpieces within the meaning of the present invention.

[0052] The workpieces must be greased before further processing, especially in a chipless forming process (for example, a deep drawing process).

[0053] A greasing oil or a hot-melt greasing agent or similar is typically used as a greasing agent, which is preferably sprayed onto the surface of the workpiece.

[0054] The workpiece is conveyed primarily along a single conveying direction (preferably at a constant conveying speed) to ensure uniform lubrication. The lubrication agent can also be referred to as (forming) lubricant or forming oil.

[0055] The lubrication device may, in particular, include a dispensing device for a lubricating agent. This dispensing device is advantageously one that has nozzles, especially spray nozzles, which can dispense a lubricating agent and spray it onto the workpiece or the workpiece surface.

[0056] The workpiece can have multiple surfaces. For example, if the workpiece is essentially planar, such as a circuit board, coil material, or similar, one or more dispensing devices or nozzles can typically be assigned to both the upper and lower workpiece surfaces. Typically, a nozzle system (in particular, a nozzle bar) is arranged above the workpiece, and in a preferred embodiment, also below the workpiece.

[0057] Advantageously, the workpiece is guided past, under, or over the nozzles along at least one conveying direction. In this way, the locations on the workpiece surface that need to be greased are shifted relative to the lubrication device.

[0058] The lubrication device can be designed as a separate test unit, with, for example, a pre-loading unit and a post-loading unit (each in the form of a table). Alternatively, the lubrication device can also be integrated into a production line.

[0059] For the purposes of this application, a mask is understood in particular to be a collection of data which represents spatially resolved information about the (later) desired state of lubrication on a surface of the workpiece or, alternatively, for example, spatially resolved information about the amount of lubrication still to be applied to the surface (for example, in the case where a basic lubrication is assumed with which the workpieces are delivered).

[0060] A mask can be graphically displayed to the user of the lubrication device before the lubrication process is carried out, for example via a display on the device itself (particularly to identify obvious errors occurring during the simulation prior to lubrication). If necessary, the user can then make manual adjustments.

[0061] Advantageously, in a simulation, the workpiece surface to be greased is divided into sectors for the purpose of simulation and subsequent greasing. A separate greasing value can preferably be determined for each of these sectors. Typically, the sectors are rectangular, especially square. This simplifies the division. The division of the workpiece surface into sectors can also be referred to as a grid or rasterization.

[0062] This division into sectors enables and simplifies simulation and lubrication. A precise lubrication value can be determined for each sector, and based on this value, the lubrication agent can be introduced into the sector by the lubrication device, specifically by a nozzle assigned to that sector. The lubrication of a sector is carried out intermittently (within the sector). This means, for example, that a nozzle is opened and closed several times while lubricating a sector.

[0063] The calculation of the nozzle control typically also incorporates the workpiece feed speed and the nozzle discharge pressure or the discharge volume per unit time when the nozzle is open. In this sense, the lubrication value preferably refers to the quantity or mass of the lubrication agent to be introduced into a sector. In particular, the lubrication value can be specified as the quantity per (sector) area. This can be expressed, for example, in g / m². 2 or similar.

[0064] If an interface for transferring the simulation results is provided, the simulation result can already be contained within the generated interface. Alternatively, it can be provided that only results, such as a (numerical) model, are transferred from the simulation, and the device then creates the interface itself based on or incorporating this transferred information.

[0065] It should be noted that workpieces intended for processing – for example, those made of stainless steel – are delivered without grease, and the mask created in this case can represent, for example, the desired final state of the greasing and thus the amount to be applied.

[0066] It should also be noted that there are other, even more frequent, applications (e.g., galvanized steel) where the workpieces are delivered pre-greased by the manufacturer. In such cases, the pre-greasing can be factored into the calculation of the actual greasing process. For example, in one scenario, the greasing device can be equipped with upstream detection systems that detect a (location-specific) baseline level of greasing. The simulation mask can then be adjusted accordingly (for example, the existing, detected greasing can be subtracted from the planned amount of grease to be applied, or similar adjustments).

[0067] Alternatively or additionally, pre-lubrication can also be carried out by means of a cleaning device upstream of the lubrication system, which ensures that the pre-lubrication of the delivered workpiece is uniform. Such uniform pre-lubrication can then either be taken into account or even ignored if it is assumed that the initial lubrication is only a minor amount and that the lubrication according to the simulated mask will therefore not adversely affect the subsequent processing.

[0068] Alternatively, a basic greasing (especially a uniform basic greasing) can of course be included in the simulation or alternatively in the calculation of the mask based on the simulation (which in this case was carried out without taking into account a possible pre-greasing).

[0069] According to the most preferred embodiment of the invention, the workpiece greased by the greasing device is subsequently processed further by utilizing the greasing.

[0070] Thus, a method for greasing and further processing a workpiece is also disclosed.

[0071] Further processing makes particular use of lubrication. This occurs, for example, in a forming process, such as a deep-drawing process, where the workpiece would be damaged during machining without prior lubrication.

[0072] The lubrication is used here in such a way that tools advantageously come into contact with lubricated areas of the workpiece. Further processing primarily involves shaping the workpiece.

[0073] In particular, the further processing involves a chipless forming process.

[0074] According to the invention, it can be particularly advantageous to provide that the further processed workpiece is (subsequently) examined for damage which could have been avoided by applying more grease.

[0075] Despite simulation, damage to workpieces can still occur. This is the case, for example, if the workpiece (as a standard feature) has anomalies that were not taken into account in the simulation. This can lead to problems such as cracking.

[0076] The inspection for damage is advantageously carried out automatically or automatically.

[0077] In particular, a detection system may be provided which includes a recording unit or a scanner.

[0078] A camera system capable of capturing an image of the greased workpiece (and optionally transmitting or saving it) is preferred. This image can then be (automatically) checked for defects or damage, for example using software.

[0079] If damage is discovered, the damaged workpiece can be disposed of.

[0080] Advantageously, the detection of damage leads to the following (iterative) procedural step: Information about this detected damage is then transmitted to the lubrication device (and / or the simulator). The lubrication device can then take this information into account when lubricating further workpieces.

[0081] In particular, the lubrication device can automatically adjust the mask for this purpose.

[0082] Advantageously, this is achieved by transmitting location-specific information to the lubrication device, i.e., information about the location of the damage on the workpiece surface or on the workpiece itself. The mask can then be adjusted (automatically) at this location; for example, the lubrication value can be increased at this location (by a predefined percentage).

[0083] Alternatively, this process step also fundamentally encompasses the possibility that a user can adjust the mask via an interface. In particular, the lubrication device will display information about the error to the user, possibly together with the previously used mask (created in the simulation).

[0084] In summary, this is an iterative process step in which the mask calculated in the simulation is preferably automatically or automatically, especially location-specifically, adapted in the event of damage detection.

[0085] Advantageously, the method according to the invention provides that the simulation also takes into account information about the properties of the greasing agent to be used.

[0086] Naturally, different greasing agents can be used, depending on the application. The simulation can take the properties of the greasing agent into account. In particular, different greasing agents can be assigned different coefficients of friction.

[0087] According to an alternative or additional embodiment of the method according to the invention, the simulation is based on data that includes information from tribometric measurements.

[0088] For example, friction coefficients for certain workpiece types and / or processing methods and / or greasing agents can be determined experimentally using a tribometer.

[0089] This data can be taken into account in the simulation, for example to calibrate the corresponding software or similar purposes.

[0090] According to the most preferred embodiment of the invention, the lubrication device has separately controllable dispensing nozzles whose dispensing quantity can be separately regulated. These nozzles can dispense lubrication agents and, in particular, can be arranged in a row transverse to the conveying direction of the workpiece surface.

[0091] In this way, a spray nozzle can be assigned to several locations in a row (in the direction of conveyance).

[0092] In particular, the material surface can be divided into several rows. These rows typically each have several sectors, with each of these sectors assigned a lubrication value (within the mask), i.e., a value that indicates the amount of lubrication to be applied at that location (alternatively, each location can be assigned its own nozzle, especially if a conveying device is not used).

[0093] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the workpiece is cleaned before greasing. This can be done automatically or in an automated manner.

[0094] For this purpose, the lubrication device can have a cleaning unit, or a cleaning unit can be placed upstream of the lubrication device.

[0095] In both cases, cleaning takes place before the actual greasing using the nozzles of the greasing device.

[0096] The cleaning unit may, for example, include brushes or other suitable cleaning agents which are capable of substantially removing contaminants from the workpieces to be greased.

[0097] The cleaning unit, especially brushes, may also be suitable for removing or unifying any (manufacturer-applied) pre-greasing already present on the workpieces.

[0098] According to another aspect of the invention, the stated problem is solved with a greasing device according to claim 9.

[0099] The greasing device according to the invention comprises in particular the following: - Nozzles for applying the degreasing agent to the workpiece, especially by spraying, - an optional transport device for repositioning the workpiece relative to the nozzles, - an interface for transferring the result of the simulation mentioned in claim 1, in particular a created / calculated mask, to the lubrication device and / or a simulator for carrying out the simulation by creating a mask, - as well as a control device for controlling the nozzles for the purpose of, in particular, location-specific, greasing of the workpiece based on the mask.

[0100] With regard to the device according to claim 9, it should be noted that all embodiments and advantages described in connection with the preceding method claims 1 to 8 are identically transferable to the device (and vice versa).

[0101] Therefore, for the sake of clarity in the registration process, repetitions are omitted here.

[0102] Of course, according to the device claim, the device according to the invention can also, for example, have nozzles that are arranged transversely to the conveying direction of the workpiece, or process workpieces that are made of sheet metal or as a planar body, etc.

[0103] The interface can therefore be a physical, contactable interface or a wireless interface that allows access to a wireless network, such as the Internet, or similar.

[0104] Alternatively, the device can include a simulator that enables the simulation to be performed. This could be a computing unit and / or a memory in which software is stored and executable, or something similar.

[0105] In particular, the lubrication device may also include a transport device and / or sensors for detecting the workpiece (which are especially connected to the control system in order to optimize the control of the nozzles).

[0106] In principle, the transport device can also be designed separately or assigned to a conveying system upstream or downstream of the lubrication device.

[0107] In particular, the lubrication device may also have a machining slot or a feedthrough opening for passing the workpiece, to which machining slot / feedthrough opening the nozzles are specifically assigned.

[0108] According to a final aspect of the invention, the stated problem is solved with a greasing system according to claim 10. This system comprises, according to the invention, a greasing device according to claim 9, a processing device for the greasing workpiece, and a testing unit for detecting damage to the processed workpiece.

[0109] With regard to the system according to claim 10, it should also be noted that all embodiments and advantages described in connection with the preceding method claims 1 to 8 and with device claim 9 are identically transferable to the system (and vice versa).

[0110] Therefore, for the sake of clarity, repetition is omitted here as well.

[0111] Of course, according to the system requirements, a transport device for relocating the workpiece relative to the nozzles of the lubrication device may also be provided, and similar features.

[0112] The lubrication system includes a further processing device, which may be designed in particular as a forming device, for example as a deep drawing device (such as a die press or similar).

[0113] The processing device may originate, in particular, from the automotive sector.

[0114] The processing device may preferably provide tools for shaping the greased workpiece, such as punches and similar items.

[0115] According to the invention, the lubrication system also includes an inspection unit for detecting damage to the workpiece being processed. The inspection unit can, for example, comprise cameras or other image acquisition units.

[0116] The inspection unit may also include a control system or similar device suitable for evaluating the captured image data in such a way as to detect optical damage to the formed workpiece.

[0117] Preferably, the inspection unit is in communicative contact with the lubrication device. This communicative contact can be established, for example, via a local wired or wireless network, or via the internet or another suitable connection type.

[0118] Because the lubrication device is in communicative contact with the inspection unit, detected damage can be transmitted to the lubrication device, especially immediately or “on the fly”.

[0119] The lubrication unit can then adjust the mask used based on these detections and / or give a user a hazard warning (alternatively, this can of course also be done by the inspection unit).

[0120] The user can then, if necessary, make manual adjustments to the mask (especially via an interface of the lubrication device). Alternatively, these adjustments are preferably automated, for example by increasing the lubrication level in the detected area (e.g., by a certain percentage).

[0121] In this way, an iterative lubrication system is provided, which automatically detects systematic errors and, if necessary, even automatically corrects them.

[0122] As an alternative to a communicative connection with the lubrication device, the inspection unit can also be in communicative contact with another unit (for example, an external simulator or an external computer system or computer or similar), which then passes the determined information on to the lubrication device (for example, as pure information or already in the form of an adapted mask).

[0123] Preferably, the lubrication system can also include a cleaning device, which can be located upstream of the lubrication device. Such a cleaning device can contain brushes and clean the workpiece and / or remove or even out any pre-greasing.

[0124] The greasing system according to the invention can also include a cleaning device, which is located upstream of the greasing device (and also the further processing device and the inspection unit).

[0125] The cleaning device may in particular contain brushes or similar cleaning elements which can remove contaminants from the surface of the workpiece to be greased.

[0126] In particular, the lubrication system can be part of a production line in such a way that the formed (and, if necessary, also inspected for damage but released) workpieces can then be processed directly in the production line, for example painted, or fitted with elements, or similar.

[0127] Further advantages and embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the uncited dependent claims and the following description of the figures. These show: Fig. 1 in a highly schematic representation in the manner of a flowchart, a lubrication system according to the invention, wherein the parts of the lubrication system are partially shown in different views, Fig. 2 different process steps of carrying out a simulation of the processing (to determine the desired greasing mask) in a very schematic (display) view, in particular encompassing from top to bottom: a schematic representation of the workpiece (rasterized for simulation) with regard to the surface to be greased, an information layer with details about the desired forming of the workpiece or about the tool, and at the very bottom, finally, the compiled information, Fig. 3. A visualization of the simulation in a highly schematic, slanted, isometric, semi-transparent view, as it would be displayed on a screen, typically in color like a heat map. Fig. 4 a grease mask calculated in this simulation with inscribed, location-specific grease values, Fig. 5 a very schematic, side, partially cutaway view of the greasing device according to the invention with a workpiece already entered it (which is conveyed by a conveyor device) during the greasing process, with additional representation of a computer for prior execution of the simulation, Fig. 6 in a very schematic, isometric oblique view a section of a nozzle bar for use in a lubrication device with four exemplary nozzles, omitting the connections, Fig. 7 a schematic view of the greased workpiece surface, in which corresponding nozzles are assigned in principle, and Fig. Figure 8 shows an alternative greasing device according to the invention in a very schematic, oblique isometric view, in which a cleaning device for the workpieces equipped with brushes is connected upstream in an alternative system, wherein the parts of the system are shown exploded apart.

[0128] Exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in the following description of the figures, also with reference to the drawings. For the sake of clarity, identical or comparable parts, elements, or areas are designated with the same reference numerals, sometimes with the addition of lowercase letters, numbers, and / or apostrophes, even where different embodiments are involved. The same applies to the patent claims following the description of the figures.

[0129] Features described only in relation to one embodiment can also be provided in any other embodiment of the invention. Such modified embodiments are included in the invention, even if they are not shown in the drawings.

[0130] The disclosure of the application hereby also fully incorporates the disclosure content of any related priority documents (copy of the prior application) as well as any cited publications and the described devices of the prior art, also for the purpose of including one or more features of these documents in one or more claims of the present application.

[0131] Fig. Figure 1 shows, in a very schematic representation in the manner of a flowchart, various sub-elements, in particular a greasing device 10 according to the invention, of a greasing system 11 according to the invention.

[0132] This illustration is intended to clarify in particular the implementation of a method according to the invention: The procedure is based, for example, on a stock of 13 workpieces 14.

[0133] The workpieces 14 can be, in particular, sheet metal elements, preferably circuit boards. Alternatively, but not shown, a continuous material can also be used, for example coil material (not shown) or similar.

[0134] Information about such a workpiece 14 is transferred to a simulator 16 according to the schematic representation of arrow 15. The simulator 16 can, for example, be a device comprising a conventional PC or another computing unit. In the illustrated embodiment, the simulator 16 includes, in particular, an interface, which can consist, for example, of a display unit 17 (e.g., monitor), an input unit 18 (e.g., keyboard), and an operating unit 19 (e.g., mouse). The actual computing unit is only indicated by a box 20.

[0135] According to the invention, the simulator 16 can, using information about the workpiece 14 (and information about the greasing agent used in said greasing device 10) and / or with the help of information about a downstream processing device 21 of the greasing device 10, create a greasing mask in a manner yet to be described, on the basis of which the greasing device 10 is to carry out the greasing of the workpiece 14 before further processing by the processing device 21.

[0136] The simulation performed by Simulator 16 may include steps such as those shown schematically for visualization purposes in Fig. 2 are indicated: This shows Fig. 2 a digital representation 22 of the surface 23 of the workpiece 14. In particular, the contour 24 of the digital representation 22 corresponds to the actual contour of the workpiece 14.

[0137] To simplify the simulation, the digital representation 22 optionally includes a grid 12, which divides the surface 23 of the workpiece 14 into numerous, for example, square, sectors S. The simulator 16 can then correlate this information about the workpiece 14 with information about the subsequent processing of the greased workpiece 14, whereby Fig. 2 with 25 represents a digital representation of a tool in the form of a die-casting press, with a central punch 26.

[0138] Simulator 16 can now calculate what happens when the punch 26 acts on the surface of the workpiece 14, as indicated in the lower digital representation 27. Simulator 16 can be pre-programmed with tribometric (experimental) measurements and formulas about the forming behavior of the workpiece under specific pressure or force, or under specific friction from the tools (in this case, the punch 26), particularly taking into account the properties of the grease used.

[0139] In particular, friction coefficients can be processed / calculated by the simulator 16.

[0140] Fig. Figure 3 then presents a typical image of a simulation, as it could (but does not have to) be displayed to a user within the framework of a simulation process: This shows an oblique, isometric view of the area marked with stamp 26 according to Fig. 2 deformed workpiece 14", which overall has a trough structure with a deep-drawn recess 42. What is shown in the black and white representation according to Fig. Figure 3, which is not shown, represents calculated friction coefficients as they occur in the individual deep-drawing regions or on the flanks of the trough 42. A visualization in such a simulation is typically colored, especially in the style of a heat map, with these colors in Fig. 3 are of course not apparent (and no attempt will even be made to suggest them here).

[0141] The crucial point now is that Simulator 16, based on the simulation, creates a Fig. The system can calculate the indicated lubrication mask 28, which can contain values ​​(in this example, for simplicity, only values ​​a, b, and 0) regarding the amount of lubrication to be entered into each sector S. This amount corresponds to the minimum or exact amount of lubrication required to prevent damage to the workpiece 14 during the (simulated) forming or processing.

[0142] In the present embodiment according to Fig. 4 The two central columns 29a, 29b have a grease average value of 0 in the middle and the outer sectors each have a grease average value of a, the flanks of the tub 42 have a value of b.

[0143] This does not necessarily mean that no grease is applied to the central area of ​​the middle columns 29a and 29b. It could, for example, be a base value assigned the value "0".

[0144] In this embodiment, the central area of ​​both columns 29a and 29b is generally to be provided with less grease than the outer areas, since the material of the workpiece 14 in the area of ​​the punch 26 is to be essentially held in place and must not flow away. The sides of the trough 42, on the other hand, are intended to flow, which is why a value b (where 0 < a < b) is provided there.

[0145] With reference to Fig. It should be noted that this is merely an abstract example. Typically, the grease mask 28 will not only receive three values, but especially in the area around the tub 42, it will typically have many different values ​​so that the material can be deep-drawn or "flow" properly there.

[0146] For the sake of simplicity, in the Fig. 2, Fig. 3 to Fig. Figure 4 shows a very simple, trough-like example of the simulation or a mask with simplified values. This is only intended to illustrate the type of simulation. In the section just mentioned... Fig. The system shown in Figure 1 actually uses a completely different mask or tools of a completely different shape. To illustrate the type of simulation or manufacturing of the mask, the following was included in the Fig. 2 and Fig. 4. However, a simple example was chosen, whereby the type of simulation for the in Fig. The transformation to be generated can of course be applied analogously.

[0147] Returning to Fig. 1. The mask 28 calculated by the simulator 16 can now be transmitted to the lubrication device 10 via the indicated arrow 30. For this purpose, the lubrication device 10 has a corresponding interface 31. In the present embodiment, the interface 31 is, purely by way of example, an internet adapter, wherein the simulator 16, particularly in the area of ​​the processing unit 20, also has internet access. In this way, the data provided by the simulator 16 can be wirelessly transferred or forwarded to the lubrication device 10.

[0148] In this case, the simulator 16 can be located at a first location 32, for example at the location of the grease device manufacturer, and the grease device 10 itself can be located at a second location 33, for example at a customer of the grease device manufacturer.

[0149] The transmitted lubrication mask can, for example, be read into a memory or a control system of the lubrication device 10.

[0150] Alternatively, another type of data transmission or interface may be provided; for example, the lubrication device 10 could have an interface 31 in the form of a physical data port, such as a USB connector or another digital interface. The data could be transferred, for example, via a USB stick. Alternatively, a LAN or another wired connection may be used, particularly if locations 32 and 33 essentially coincide.

[0151] Once the lubrication mask 28 has been read into the lubrication device 10, a lubrication process can generally begin. For this purpose, a workpiece 14 is fed into the lubrication device 10 (indicated by the arrow 34 in the diagram). Fig. 1).

[0152] Regarding the actual greasing, the following applies: Fig. Reference is made to Figure 5, where a greasing device 10 according to the invention is shown in a semi-transparent side view.

[0153] The workpiece 14, designed as a circuit board, rests flat with its underside 112 on a conveyor belt-like transport device 113 (the contact is only indicated in the figure). The top side of the workpiece 14 therefore represents, in the illustrated embodiment, the workpiece surface 23 to be greased.

[0154] For the purpose of greasing, the workpiece 14 together with the workpiece surface 23 is first introduced by the transport device 113 along a conveying direction F (using an insertion opening 300 of the device 10) into the greasing device 10, in which it is guided past several nozzles or application nozzles 117 arranged orthogonally to the plane of the figure on a nozzle bar 116.

[0155] The application nozzles 117 are in the illustrated embodiment according to Fig. 5 are essentially arranged above the workpiece 14 and thus associated with the workpiece surface 23. However, nozzles can also be arranged below the workpiece 14, associated with the underside 112, alternatively or additionally in the area designated with reference numeral 118. If no nozzles are arranged there, the front section 119 of the transport device 113 can be continuous in this area. In the case of additional nozzles being arranged in area 118, the transport device 113 would likely leave a transfer gap in this area for the additional nozzles.

[0156] Fig. Figure 5 also shows that the lubrication device 10 is associated with a control unit 200, which is only shown very schematically and is integrated into the lubrication device 10 in the present embodiment. The control unit 200 is connected to the nozzle(s) 17 via a cable or data line 220.

[0157] Furthermore, the control unit 200 is connected via a line (not shown) to a rotary encoder 126 of the transport device 113. The rotary encoder 126 can be arranged, in particular, in the area of ​​a deflection point (of section 119) of the transport device 113.

[0158] The transmitted mask 28 is typically stored in the control unit 200. This allows the control unit to initiate lubrication using the location-specific data from mask 28. For this purpose, the control unit 200 is connected to the individual nozzles 117 on the nozzle bar 116 via the aforementioned data line 220 (or several corresponding lines). This consists of a multitude of nozzles 117 arranged transversely or orthogonally to the conveying direction F, each of which can be addressed or controlled separately by the control unit 200. Based on mask 28, the individual nozzles 117 can then spray lubrication onto the surface 23 of the workpiece 14, depending on the determined lubrication requirement.

[0159] To ensure that the nozzles 117 are controlled in such a way that they actually dispense a precisely pre-calculated quantity at the correct position in the conveying direction F, the control unit 200 is connected, among other things, to the aforementioned rotary encoder 126, which can provide the control unit 200 with information about the conveying speed in the conveying direction F. From this information, the control unit 200 can therefore deduce which location or sector of the surface of the workpiece 14 is currently passing under a corresponding nozzle 117 in the conveying direction F and adjust the control of the nozzle 117 accordingly with regard to the quantity of grease to be dispensed.

[0160] Fig. Figure 6 shows an example of a section of a nozzle bar 16 with four application nozzles 117a to 117d arranged on it.

[0161] Each nozzle has, in particular, a lower nozzle outlet 129, to which, in the illustrated embodiment, a wide-spray attachment 130 is assigned. This wide-spray attachment 130 can fan out the discharged grease (for example, from a circular application shape to an elliptical application shape). For this purpose, each of the nozzles 117 has a connection to a wide-spray air channel 131 in the nozzle bar 116 and also a connection to a swirl air channel 132, whereby this swirl air ensures that the discharged grease is fanned out (into a circular discharge shape).

[0162] In addition, further channels can be seen in the nozzle bar 116, in particular a lubrication channel 133, as well as a heating channel 134 for heating the entire nozzle bar 116 (for example in the case of the use of hot melt as a lubrication agent).

[0163] In particular, each of the nozzles 17 is connected to the lubrication channel 133 by means of branch channels (not shown). To prevent the continuous discharge of the lubrication medium, the nozzle 117 can, of course, be closed at any time. Each nozzle 117 has a nozzle needle (not visible in the figures) for this purpose, which can block the nozzle outlet 129. The nozzle is switched, in particular, by compressed air in the form of switching air, which has its own channel 135 in the nozzle manifold 116. For the sake of completeness, it should be noted that the arrangement of the channels is merely exemplary. The respective connections are not shown.

[0164] Also in Fig. 6 to recognize that each of the nozzles has a so-called air saving module 136, with which the shaping air (i.e., for example, the swirl air and / or the wide-jet air) can be switched off at the nozzle outlet 129.

[0165] The appropriately greased workpiece 14 is in Fig. Figure 7 shows the actual application of grease (at least substantially) according to the desired grease pattern. Fig. 4 corresponds to the fact that, for the sake of clarity, the grid lines 12, which are not visible in reality, are also shown. In this sense, nozzle 117a has applied more grease than nozzles 117e and 117f in sector columns 29a and 29b.

[0166] The result in the present embodiment shows essentially three areas: the outer areas have a consistently homogeneous amount of greasing agent (of value a), the middle corridor 29a, 29b has little or no greasing agent, and the outer area around the center has more greasing agent (of value b; marked here with a grid of triangles).

[0167] Jumping back to Fig. 1. After greasing, a greased workpiece can then be transported from the greasing device 10 to the further processing device 21 according to the principle arrow 37 (automatically). In the present case according to Fig. 1. The processing device 21 is, purely as an example, a die press for automobile engine hoods (therefore, this is of course a different application than, for example, in the Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6 to Fig. 7 is shown, but the processes are fundamentally very similar and the greasing mask is according to Fig. 1. Of course, it would be a different mask than in... Fig. 4 shown).

[0168] The further processing device 21 can now transform the greased workpiece 14 into the desired state by utilizing the grease, and the workpiece 14' is basically completed, at least in a state in which the grease is no longer needed (any residual grease can then be removed, for example, by cleaning or similar means).

[0169] An advantageous embodiment of the invention is then highlighted by arrow 38, which is intended to illustrate that the finished workpiece 14' can be examined by a testing unit 39 after completion. The testing unit can, in particular, include recording devices, for example cameras, and can preferably be designed as a camera system. In the present case, the testing unit has several cameras 40, which can, in particular digitally, record images of the finished workpiece 14'.

[0170] The recordings can then be checked for defects 41 in the finished workpiece 14' by the inspection unit 39 or by a separate evaluation unit. If the inspection unit 39 detects a corresponding defect 41 or damage 41 in the finished workpiece 14', the damaged workpiece 14' can be disposed of, and the inspection unit 39 can be, as indicated by arrow 42 in Fig. 1 shown, provide feedback to the lubrication device 10 and / or the simulator 16, so that the lubrication device 10 and / or the simulator 16 can adjust the lubrication mask intended for the workpieces 14.

[0171] If damage 41 is detected, it is usually a crack, and a slightly larger amount of grease should then be applied to the corresponding location or sector on the workpiece 14. For example, when a defect is detected, the grease application in the corresponding sector is (automatically) increased by x% (where x can be a variable that can be set, especially by the manufacturer).

[0172] The important point here is that an iterative process takes place, which is typically only necessary for the first finished workpiece 14'. Whether subsequent (formed) workpieces 14 then also need to be inspected by the inspection unit 39 can remain open. This is not strictly necessary. However, it would be advantageous, especially if workpieces, due to different surface finishes or similar factors, might exhibit cracks or damage in areas where essentially identical workpieces show no damage due to variations in the blank (i.e., the initial workpieces are relatively non-uniform).

[0173] Finally, it shows Fig. Figure 8 shows an alternative lubrication system (in a partial exploded view), which is a test system. Here, the lubrication device 10' shown has two support tables 34 and 35 for workpieces positioned upstream and downstream, respectively. The special feature, however, is that a cleaning device 36 is also located upstream of the lubrication device 10'. This cleaning device 36 allows the workpiece, which is not shown on the table 34, to be automatically cleaned, for example, by brushing. From the cleaning device 36, it is automatically transferred to the lubrication device 10' and then, in its lubricated state, lands on the table 35.

[0174] This last figure is intended to illustrate that a cleaning device 36 can, in principle, be installed upstream of the lubrication device 10, whether in a test system as in Fig. 8 shown or in a more complex system such as a production line as in Fig. Figure 1 shows that such a cleaning device 36 could of course also be provided there.

Claims

[1] Method for greasing a workpiece (14) with liquid to pasty greasing agent, in which the greasing of the workpiece (14) is carried out with a greasing device (10), for which a mask (28) representing the desired greasing state of the workpiece (10) is available to the greasing device (10), characterized by , that said mask (28) is created using a calculated simulation, which simulation takes into account information about the physical properties of the workpiece (14) as well as information about the subsequent processing of the greased workpiece (14), wherein the grease device (10) has an interface (31) for transferring the result of the simulation, in particular the created mask (28), to the grease device (10) and / or performs said simulation itself. [2] Method according to claim 1, characterized by, that the workpiece (14) is greased by the greasing device (10), and the greased workpiece (14) is subsequently further processed, in particular formed, using the greasing. [3] Method according to claim 2, characterized by , that the further processed, in particular reshaped, workpiece (14') is examined, preferably automatically, in particular in a location-specific manner, for damage (41) which could have been avoided by an additional application of greasing agent. [4] Method according to claim 3, characterized by , that in the event of the detection of damage (41), information about this damage (41), in particular location-related information, is transmitted to the lubrication device (10), preferably automatically, in such a way that the lubrication device (10) takes this information into account, preferably by adjusting the mask (28), when lubricating further, in particular identical, workpieces (14). [5] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by that the simulation takes into account information about the properties of the grease to be used and / or is based on data obtained from tribometric measurements. [6] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the workpiece (14) is made of sheet metal and / or as a planar body, in particular as a circuit board or coil material. [7] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the lubrication device (10) has separately controllable and separately adjustable dispensing nozzles (117) which dispense lubrication agents and which are in particular arranged in a row (Q) transverse to a conveying direction (F) of the workpiece (14). [8] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the workpiece (14) is cleaned before greasing, in particular with brushes, preferably automatically and / or in a cleaning unit (36). [9] Grease device (10) for use in a method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising - Nozzles (117) for applying the grease to the workpiece (14), - an interface (31) for transferring the result of a simulation to the lubrication device (10) and / or a simulator (16) for carrying out the simulation while creating the mask (28), - as well as a control device (200) for controlling the nozzles (117) for the purpose of greasing the workpiece (14) based on the mask (28). [10] A greasing system (11), in particular of the type of a production line or part thereof, comprising a greasing device (10) according to claim 9, a further processing device (21), in particular a forming device, for the greased workpiece (14) and a testing unit (39) for detecting damage (41) of the further processed, in particular formed, workpiece (14'), wherein the testing unit (39) is in particular in communicative connection with the greasing device (10).

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