Quick-connect system, aircraft cargo hold, aircraft and procedures for reconfiguring an aircraft cargo hold

Abstract

The invention relates to a quick-connect system (10) for attaching and / or changing components, in particular cargo system components (101) and / or covers (102), of an aircraft cargo compartment (100) to at least one structural part (103) of an aircraft structure (104), comprising: - at least one fastening pin (11) that can be mounted on the structural part (103) and has a pin longitudinal axis (LA); - at least one connection area (12) which is arranged or formed on the component and has at least one through-opening (13) in which the fastening pin (11) can be received or accommodated at least partially by forming a first positive locking in the pin's longitudinal axis direction and / or transversely to the pin's longitudinal axis; and - at least one locking mechanism (14) arranged on the component with at least one engagement element (15) which is movably mounted on the component in such a way that a second positive locking connection can be formed or is formed by a translational or rotational movement of the engagement element (15) with the fastening pin (11), the structural part (103) or a counterpart (16) mountable on the structural part (103), which blocks a movement of the component in the pin longitudinal axis direction and / or transverse to the pin longitudinal axis.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a quick-connect system, a cargo hold for an aircraft, an aircraft with such a cargo hold and a method for reconfiguring such a cargo hold.

[0002] It is well known that aircraft cargo holds are frequently reconfigured for different uses. Passenger aircraft, in particular, face the challenge of being able to load only bulk cargo (loose items) or only containers, depending on the airports served and their infrastructure. In this context, the ability to quickly convert between a flat cargo floor and a container loading system is helpful to ensure efficient loading and unloading.

[0003] To hold and guide such cargo items, side guides mounted on the cargo deck are used, running lengthwise along each side wall of the aircraft. To move the cargo items quickly and easily lengthwise along the cargo deck, for example during loading or unloading, roller conveyors with rotating rollers arranged at specific intervals are frequently used. Such roller conveyors can include PDUs (Power Drive Units), latches, etc. A cargo deck can also have a variety of other cargo system components.

[0004] For optimal utilization of a cargo deck, a wide range of configuration options is necessary, with rapid reconfiguration of a deck, such as a cargo or main deck, being a high priority. It is known from the prior art that existing seat rails or fittings are typically used for reconfiguration. Conventionally, such fittings include an integrated seat rail profile mounted to the structural part of the aircraft. The components to be installed or replaced during reconfiguration have suitable inserts for locking them to the fittings. Such fittings have the disadvantage of requiring an additional installation height of at least 10 to 12 mm.

[0005] For cargo system components, a predetermined height must usually be maintained relative to the aircraft structure. This height can be limited, for example, to 2 inches, or 50.8 mm. This means that with the existing system, only about 40 mm remain for the cargo system components in the area where they connect to the aircraft structure. Subtracting the required clearance of approximately 5 mm for rigid components relative to the system height leaves only 35 mm of usable space. Consequently, the cargo system components must be designed with a lower profile, which increases their weight to better withstand the bending loads. In the case of roller conveyors, it may be necessary to mill the conveyor profiles from solid material, as these are complex and therefore expensive components.

[0006] Another disadvantage of using seat rails or fittings to fasten cargo system components is the need for additional load-bearing fasteners, as seat rails are not always designed to absorb and transmit forces introduced by cargo items.

[0007] For example, DE 10 2009 008 188 A1 discloses a fastening device for attaching a module element to a support structure of an aircraft. The fastening device has a bolt and a bushing movable thereon, which serves to hold an outer wall of the module element. A lever allows the bushing to be moved towards the bolt, thereby fixing the outer wall to the support structure.

[0008] Other fastening devices are known, for example, from DE 20 2024 105 653 U1, DE 20 2016 103 609 U1, DE 10 2022 110 047 A1 and DE 10 2006 056 657 A1.

[0009] The invention is therefore based on the objective of providing a quick-connect system for attaching or changing components of an aircraft cargo hold to at least one structural part of an aircraft structure, which has a reduced weight and reduced installation space requirement, enables the most efficient possible force dissipation of occurring loads, and allows for simple and quick reconfiguration of the aircraft cargo hold. The invention is further based on the objective of providing a cargo hold for an aircraft, an aircraft with such a cargo hold, and a method for reconfiguring such a cargo hold.

[0010] According to the invention, this problem is solved with regard to the quick-connect system by the subject matter of claim 1. With regard to the cargo hold for an aircraft, the aircraft and the method, this problem is solved in each case by the subject matter of claim 24 (cargo hold), claim 25 (aircraft) and claims 26 and 27 (method).

[0011] Specifically, the aforementioned task is solved by a quick-connect system for attaching and / or changing components, in particular cargo system components and / or covers, of an aircraft cargo compartment to at least one structural part of an aircraft structure, wherein the quick-connect system comprises the following: - at least one mounting pin with a longitudinal axis that can be attached to the structural part; - at least one connection area that is arranged or formed on the component and has at least one through-opening in which the fastening pin can be received or accommodated at least partially, forming a first positive fit in the pin's longitudinal axis direction and / or transversely to the pin's longitudinal axis; and - at least one locking mechanism arranged on the component with at least one engagement element which is movably mounted on the component in such a way that a second positive locking connection can be formed or is formed by a translational or rotational movement of the engagement element with the fastening pin, the structural part or a counterpart mountable on the structural part, which blocks movement of the component in the pin longitudinal axis direction and / or transverse to the pin longitudinal axis.

[0012] A key aspect of the invention is therefore to quickly and easily attach the component to the structural part of the aircraft structure by means of two independently formed positive locking connections. The first positive locking connection is formed between the connection area, which is, for example, an integral part of the component or firmly connected to the component as a separate part, and the at least one mounting pin. The second positive locking connection is formed between the engagement element of the locking mechanism, which is arranged on the component, and the mounting pin or the structural part itself, or a counterpart that can be attached to the structural part. The engagement element can be mounted on a separate retaining element, in particular a retaining web, of the component, preferably in a translationally displaceable manner. Alternatively, the engagement element can be mounted on the connection area of ​​the component, preferably in a rotationally displaceable manner.

[0013] The quick-connect system provides simplified handling of the component when attaching and changing it on the mounting pin through functional separation.

[0014] During fastening, the component's connection area is aligned in position by inserting the fastening pin into the through-hole. This creates the first positive fit between the connection area and the fastening pin. According to a first (preferred) variant of the quick-connect system, the fastening pin is arranged in the through-hole in such a way that a positive fit is formed in the pin's longitudinal axis, particularly the Z-direction, and in the first of two transverse directions, particularly the X-direction, which run perpendicular to the pin's longitudinal axis. This positive connection corresponds to the first positive fit. In the second of the two transverse directions, particularly the Y-direction, the connection area, and thus the component, remains movable, particularly displaceable, in this state.

[0015] To prevent movement of the component in the second of two transverse directions, particularly in the Y-direction, in the first variant of the quick-connect system, the engagement element of the locking mechanism interacts directly with the structural part or indirectly via the counterpart mounted on the structural part. The engagement element engages the structural part or the counterpart in such a way that displacement of the component in the second transverse direction is prevented. This positive-locking connection corresponds to the second positive locking mechanism. The engagement of the engagement element with the structural part or the counterpart preferably occurs translationally, i.e., by a linear displacement of the engagement element.

[0016] Once the first and second positive locking mechanisms are formed, the component is locked to the structural part and thus fixed in position. In this state, all, in particular six, degrees of freedom of the component are restricted.

[0017] To detach the component from the structural part, the second positive locking mechanism is first released by moving the engagement element in the opposite direction. The connection area can then be shifted relative to the mounting pin in the second transverse direction so that the mounting pin can be disengaged. In this state, the connection area can be lifted away from the mounting pin so that it can be removed from the through-hole. In this state, both the first and second positive locking mechanisms are released, allowing the component to move freely and enabling component replacement.

[0018] In a second (further) variant of the quick-connect system, the fastening pin is arranged in the through-opening in such a way that a positive fit is formed in both transverse directions, in particular an X-direction and a Y-direction, which run perpendicular to the pin's longitudinal axis. This positive connection corresponds to the first positive fit. In the pin's longitudinal axis, in particular the Z-direction, the connection area and thus the component is movable, in particular displaceable, in this state.

[0019] To prevent movement of the component in the longitudinal axis direction of the pin, particularly in the Z-direction, in the second variant of the quick-connect system, the engagement element of the locking mechanism interacts with the mounting pin, preferably directly. The engagement element engages the mounting pin, particularly transversely to the longitudinal axis of the pin, in such a way that displacement of the component in the longitudinal axis direction is prevented. This positive-locking connection corresponds to the second positive locking mechanism. The engagement of the engagement element with the structural part or the counterpart preferably occurs rotationally, i.e., by a rotary movement of the engagement element.

[0020] Once the first and second positive locking mechanisms are formed, the component is locked to the structural part and thus fixed in position. In this state, all, in particular six, degrees of freedom of the component are restricted.

[0021] To detach the component from the mounting pin, the second positive locking mechanism is first released by rotating the engagement element in the opposite direction. The connection area can then be shifted relative to the mounting pin in the pin's longitudinal direction until the mounting pin is disengaged. In this state, the connection area can be lifted from the mounting pin so that it can be removed from the through-hole of the connection area. In this state, both the first and second positive locking mechanisms are released, allowing the component to move freely.

[0022] The mounting pin is designed to be connectable to the structural component of the aircraft structure. The structural component typically has predetermined mounting areas. These mounting areas preferably comprise a plurality of through-holes, which are, for example, designed as bores. The through-holes form connection points for the mounting pin. During assembly, the mounting pin is attached to a connection point and preferably directly connected to the structural component. This can be achieved by a screw connection, in which the mounting pin is screwed directly into the structural component, or by a bolt and nut connection. Other fastening methods for connecting the mounting pin to the structural component are possible.The fastening pin, preferably several fastening pins, is / are preferably mounted directly on the screw points present on the structural part, which are typically provided for fastening permanently installed cargo system components.

[0023] The quick-connect system preferably includes several of the fastening pins, each of which is connected to the structural part at one of the connection points.

[0024] Mounting the fastening pin to the structural component has the advantage that the loads occurring on the component, e.g., during loading and unloading or load securing, can be improved or preferably transferred directly into the aircraft structure. In contrast to the prior art, the invention eliminates the need for additional load-bearing fasteners to relieve the load on seat rails or fittings.

[0025] Furthermore, the (direct) connection of the mounting pin to the structural component has the advantage that the overall system height is not reduced, or only minimally reduced, because the component is recessed into the cargo floor, or the component-side mounting is an integral part of the component, and no additional height or installation space is required for a typical mounting fitting. This allows the use of standardized components. Particularly when attaching roller conveyors to the structural component, it is advantageous that they have more available installation height and are therefore lighter while maintaining optimal stability.

[0026] The connection area is preferably an element with a bearing surface for planar contact with the structural part or a bearing plate that, in the assembled state, is arranged between the bearing surface and the structural part. The connection area preferably forms a flange on the component, which is located on a side of the component that is lower when installed. The flange preferably projects laterally from the component, forming a wing-like connection area. This is particularly the case when the component is designed as a roller conveyor, with the flange projecting laterally from a roller conveyor profile.

[0027] Alternatively, the connection area can be formed on the underside of the component as a bearing surface. This can be the case, for example, when the component is designed as a cover or top plate.

[0028] The quick-connect system according to the invention thus provides a solution that enables the rapid and easy reconfiguration or conversion of a cargo hold or cargo deck. For example, the quick-connect system allows for a change from a flat-bottomed cargo hold ("bulk configuration") to a cargo hold with a cargo loading system and vice versa. The quick-connect system can also be used on the main deck, for example, if the main deck needs to be reconfigured from passenger to cargo transport. The quick-connect system is therefore highly versatile.

[0029] Within the scope of the invention, "blocking in one of two transverse directions" is understood to mean blocking the component in both X directions or both Y directions. Furthermore, "blocking in both transverse directions" is understood to mean blocking the component in both X directions and both Y directions. Blocking the movement of the component in the longitudinal axis direction of the pin relates to one of two Z directions, since the component rests directly or indirectly on a structural part via the connection area in the installed state, and thus a downward blockage, in particular in the other of the two Z directions, occurs via the aircraft structure.

[0030] A Cartesian coordinate system is typically used to provide directional information within an aircraft. In this system, the X-axis extends from the tail to the nose, the Y-axis runs perpendicular to the X-axis and lies essentially in the plane defined by the wings. The Z-axis is perpendicular to both the X- and Y-axes. The longitudinal axis of the pivot is preferably parallel to the Z-axis. Thus, the Z-direction preferably runs parallel to the Z-axis. The X-direction, for example, runs parallel to the X-axis, and the Y-direction parallel to the Y-axis. Crucially, when specifying the direction of the first and second positive locking, the longitudinal axis of the pivot is perpendicular to both the X- and Y-directions. The X- and Y-directions lie in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the pivot. These directions do not necessarily have to be parallel to the X- and Y-axes of the aircraft.

[0031] Preferred embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

[0032] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the fastening pin has an elongated base body with at least one retaining section projecting from the base body transversely to the pin's longitudinal axis to form the first positive fit with the connection area or the second positive fit with the engagement element. In other words, the retaining section on the base body forms a projection that enables a positive fit to be formed in the pin's longitudinal axis direction, particularly the Z-direction, by interacting with the component's connection area. Or, put another way, the retaining section holds the connection area in the pin's longitudinal axis direction once the first positive fit is formed. This prevents the component from lifting off. Additionally, the retaining section can form a positive fit with the engagement element in the pin's longitudinal axis direction.Here, the retaining section holds the engagement element in the longitudinal direction of the pin when the second positive connection is formed, which in turn preferably holds the connection area in position in the longitudinal direction of the pin. The retaining section is therefore versatile in its use for forming a positive connection. In particular, the fastening pin has a very simple design, making it inexpensive to manufacture.

[0033] The holding section is preferably formed at a longitudinal end of the base body, which, in the state mounted on the structural part, is located on the side facing the cargo space.

[0034] Preferably, the retaining section of the fastening pin comprises at least one collar that is at least partially circumferential with respect to the pin's longitudinal axis. Particularly preferably, the collar is fully circumferential on the base body. This has the advantage that the largest possible contact surface is provided for forming a positive connection, especially the first or second positive connection, in the pin's longitudinal axis direction, which increases the stability of the positive connection. Furthermore, this allows load-induced forces to be transferred via the fastening pin into the structural component.

[0035] Preferably, the base body comprises a guide section adjacent to the retaining section, and in particular located below it in the longitudinal direction of the pin, which has a narrower width than the retaining section. This narrower guide section enables, on the one hand, the formation of the first positive locking connection through the appropriate design of the through-opening of the connection area, and on the other hand, the engagement of the engagement element by a rotary movement. The base body is preferably mushroom-shaped. The retaining section and the guide section each preferably have an outer diameter, with the outer diameter of the retaining section being larger than the outer diameter of the guide section. Advantageously, the through-opening of the connection area is adapted to accommodate the retaining section and / or at least a portion of the base body, thereby forming the first positive locking connection.

[0036] Preferably, the fastening pin 11, or several fastening pins 11, are directly attached to or on the structural part 103 by screws in the assembled state. The fastening pin(s) 11 can be screwed to or on the structural part by at least one screw. The screw can be a countersunk screw.

[0037] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the through-opening of the connection area has a first opening area and an adjacent second opening area that merge into one another. The first opening area is designed such that the retaining section of the fastening pin can pass through it, and the second opening area is designed such that the retaining section, when inserted, projects outwards beyond the second opening area. In other words, the second opening area has a smaller cross-sectional area than the first. Or, put another way, the second opening area is narrower than the first. The through-opening is therefore preferably keyhole-shaped.

[0038] It is particularly advantageous if the first opening area comprises an inner contour, in particular an inner diameter, that is substantially larger than an outer contour, in particular the outer diameter, of the retaining section of the fastening pin, and the second opening area has an inner contour that is smaller than the outer contour of the retaining section, in particular larger than or substantially equal to an outer contour, in particular an outer diameter, of the guide section. This enables the connection area to be held against the structural part, since the retaining section covers the connection area adjacent to the second opening area and thus forms a positive fit in the pin's longitudinal axis direction. Additionally, the second opening area delimits the guide section in the first transverse direction, in particular the X-direction, so that the first positive fit is formed.

[0039] The insertion section borders the guide section and preferably projects at least partially beyond the guide section, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the pin.

[0040] The insertion section can be designed as an additional collar of the base body, which encircles the base body at least partially, and in particular completely, with respect to the longitudinal axis of the pin. The insertion section can fulfill a holding and centering function for the pin assembly. The guide section can form a circumferential groove in the base body between the holding section and the insertion section.

[0041] Alternatively, the through-opening of the connection area can be elongated. It is possible for the through-opening to be a completely closed elongated hole. Alternatively, the through-opening can be an elongated hole open on one side, allowing the fastening pin to be inserted laterally into the through-opening. In this case, the through-opening can be designed such that, when the fastening pin is inserted, the retaining section covers the connection area adjacent to the through-opening, thus securing the connection area along the pin's longitudinal axis. Additionally, the through-opening is designed to limit the fastening pin, particularly the guide section, in the first transverse direction, especially in the X-direction.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, the engagement element is adapted to engage in an opening of the structural part and / or a counterpart mountable to the structural part, forming the second positive fit. Once the first positive fit is established, the connection area, and thus the component, is aligned in its final position. In this final position, the opening of the structural part or the counterpart is positioned opposite the engagement element such that the engagement element can engage, preferably by a translational movement. Alternatively or additionally, the engagement element can engage the opening by a rotary or pivoting movement. To lock this final position of the component, the second positive fit is established by moving the engagement element so that it projects into the opening. For example,The engagement of the engagement element in the opening blocks movement of the component in the second transverse direction, particularly the Y-direction. This corresponds to a locked and secured state of the component on the structural part of the aircraft structure, specifically in its final position. By providing a simple opening in the structural part or the counterpart, a particularly stable positive-lock connection is achieved.

[0043] Preferably, the engagement element is bolt-shaped and guided in a retaining part of the component so as to be translationally displaceable. The engagement element is preferably cylindrical. The opening of the structural part or the counterpart can be cylindrical. The opening and the engagement element correspond in the final position of the component.

[0044] The engagement element can be a pin that is longitudinally displaceable in or on the component. The retaining element can run between two roller conveyor profiles, in which case the component is a roller conveyor. The bolt-shaped engagement element is stable and cost-effective to manufacture. Furthermore, such a locking mechanism is fail-safe due to its simple and robust design.

[0045] In a further preferred embodiment, the locking mechanism comprises a lever rotatably connected to the engagement element. In a first lever position, the lever raises the engagement element to release the second positive lock, particularly transversely to the longitudinal axis of the pin or in the second transverse direction. In a second lever position, the lever lowers the lever to form the second positive lock, particularly transversely to the longitudinal axis of the pin or in the second transverse direction. The lever is preferably a pivoting lever that can be pivoted between the two lever positions. The lever allows the second positive lock to be quickly and easily established and released to secure the final position of the component.

[0046] Preferably, the lever is designed such that it interacts self-lockingly with the component's retaining element in the first lever position. For this purpose, the lever can have a lever contour in contact with the retaining element, which interacts with the retaining element over a surface area in the first lever position and is essentially in rolling contact, particularly line contact, with the retaining element in the second lever position. In the first lever position, the lever is preferably arranged in a substantially upright position, particularly extending in the Z-direction. In the second lever position, the lever is preferably arranged in a substantially horizontal position, particularly extending in a direction transverse to the Z-direction.

[0047] Preferably, the locking mechanism comprises at least one spring element that biases the engagement element in a direction away from the lever when the lever is in its first lever position. The spring element has the advantage of assisting the lever's movement from the first to the second lever position through its spring force and ensuring the second positive engagement with the opening of the structural part or the counterpart. In the engagement position, the spring element presses the engagement element into the opening. This ensures the second positive engagement and thus the locking of the component in its final position.

[0048] The spring element is preferably integrated into the retaining part and is supported against it. The retaining part preferably forms an abutment for the spring element in order to pre-tension the engagement element in the first lever position towards the opening of the structural part or the counterpart.

[0049] The spring element can comprise at least one coil spring. Alternatively, it is possible for the spring element to comprise at least one truncated conical spring. Other spring types are also possible.

[0050] In a further embodiment, the locking mechanism has at least one rotatably mounted cam which is coupled to the engagement element such that a rotational movement causes the engagement element 15a to be raised or lowered. The raising and lowering of the engagement element is achieved here by a rotary lever movement via the cam.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment, the quick-connect system has at least one support plate for the component, which includes at least one through-hole for the mounting pin. The support plate can serve as a positioning aid for the mounting pin. Preferably, the support plate has at least one precisely machined bore into which the mounting pin is inserted. The support plate provides protection for the structural component, e.g., a crossbeam of the aircraft structure. Although the support plate slightly reduces the remaining system height, it offers advantages in terms of installation due to the predefined positioning aid for the mounting pin.

[0052] The mounting plate preferably has several bores for multiple mounting pins. Preferably, the mounting plate has at least two, at least four, at least six, or at least eight bores. The quick-connect system preferably has at least two, at least four, at least six, or at least eight mounting pins. In the mounted state, each bore is assigned to one of the mounting pins, or a mounting pin is located within a bore. The bores, and thus the number of mounting pins, are generally determined by or coordinated with the aircraft structure.

[0053] The support plate is preferably thin. Preferably, the support plate has a thickness in the area of ​​the through-hole for the mounting pin of 1 mm to 8 mm, in particular 1 mm to 6 mm or 1 mm to 4 mm, most preferably 1 mm to 3 mm.

[0054] The desired height in the installation position of the mounting pin can be adjusted via the support plate.

[0055] If the mounting plate is omitted, the mounting pin can be precisely positioned during installation using a positioning gauge and, if necessary, shims. In this case, the height of the mounting pin may be adjusted using one or more support plates.

[0056] Preferably, the through-opening of the support plate has at least one shoulder and the fastening pin has at least one insertion section that rests on the shoulder and is positively engaged by the through-opening. In other words, the fastening pin is supported on the shoulder via the insertion section, which is circumferentially limited by the through-opening, particularly completely, with respect to the pin's longitudinal axis. It is advantageous here that a force is transmitted over a surface area from the fastening pin, via the shoulder, into the support plate and further into the structural component. Furthermore, the support plate provides lateral support to the insertion section, so that forces in the X and Y directions can also be absorbed and efficiently dissipated.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment, the through-opening of the connection area comprises an inner contour, in particular an inner diameter, which essentially corresponds to an outer contour, in particular an outer diameter, of the insertion section and / or the retaining section of the fastening pin. This has the advantage that the first positive locking occurs in both transverse directions, in particular in the X and Y directions, with respect to the longitudinal direction of the pin. Furthermore, the connection area can be placed onto the fastening pin in order to then lock it onto the fastening pin.

[0058] Preferably, the inner contour of the through-opening of the connection area is complementary to the outer contour of the guide section. Additionally or alternatively, the inner contour of the through-opening of the connection area can be complementary to the outer contour of the retaining section. The inner contour of the through-opening of the connection area may have a slight overlap with the outer contour of the guide section and / or the retaining section to ensure the reception of the fastening pin. Preferably, the through-opening of the connection area is circular.

[0059] Preferably, the counterpart for the engagement element is part of the support plate. The counterpart can be integrally formed with the support plate. In other words, the counterpart and the support plate can be formed as a single piece. This results in a very stable construction. Alternatively, the counterpart can be designed as a separate component that is rigidly connected to the support plate. Another alternative is that the counterpart can be provided independently of the support plate, in particular attached to the structural part. Preferably, in this case, the counterpart is arranged near the at least one mounting pin, in particular the multiple mounting pins. The counterpart serves to form the second positive locking connection through the engagement of the locking element. The counterpart is preferably arranged in the central region of the support plate.

[0060] The counterpart preferably has a retaining lug that is offset from an underside of the counterpart and forms a lateral projection. When the support plate or counterpart is mounted on the structural part, a gap is formed between the retaining lug and the structural part, into which an engagement element of a component, e.g., a cover for releasable locking, can engage.

[0061] If the support plate is omitted, the counterpart can be attached directly to the structural part to enable the engagement element to work.

[0062] The support plate can additionally have at least one rail section, in particular a perforated rail section, to form a lashing point or positioning fitting, which is arranged in the area of ​​the opening of the counterpart. The rail section is preferably formed in a central area of ​​the support plate. This allows for the formation of several through-holes for multiple fastening pins on both sides of the rail section, thus providing a fixed, stable connection point. The rail section preferably runs along the structural part, i.e., in the Y-direction. The rail section is particularly preferably adjacent to the counterpart.

[0063] In a preferred embodiment, the engagement element is arranged between the connection area and the retaining section and is adapted to engage behind the retaining section by means of a rotational movement, thereby forming the second positive locking connection. In other words, the connection area of ​​the component is preferably located between the retaining section and the engagement element. This is the case when the connection area has already been placed on the mounting pin and is positively engaged in the through-hole. This forms the first positive locking connection, which preferably blocks movement of the connection area, and thus of the component, in both transverse directions, i.e., in the X and Y directions. The engagement element therefore serves not only to lock the component in its end position but also to hold the component in the longitudinal axis direction of the pin, i.e., in the Z direction.The engagement element secures the connection area to the structural component, in particular the support plate, which in turn is firmly connected to the structural component. In this embodiment, a rotary closure is thus formed, whereby the second positive locking mechanism is achieved by a simple rotary movement of the engagement element.

[0064] Preferably, the engagement element is disc-shaped and has an arcuate opening comprising a first opening section that is larger than the outer contour of the retaining section of the fastening pin, and a second adjacent opening section that is smaller than the outer contour of the retaining section. In other words, the arcuate opening is preferably formed by an arcuate keyhole opening. Alternatively, similar to the through-hole of the connection area, the arcuate opening can be formed by a laterally open and, in this case, curved elongated hole. The retaining section of the fastening pin can be guided through the first opening section. By rotating the disc-shaped engagement element, the engagement element engages behind the retaining section by drawing the guide section into the second opening section.In other words, the retaining section covers the engagement element in the area of ​​the second opening section when the engagement element is in the locking position. This easily achieves the second positive locking in the longitudinal direction of the pin.

[0065] Preferably, the engagement element is rotatable about an axis of rotation that runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the pin, wherein the engagement element releases the fastening pin in a first rotational position to release the second positive locking, in particular in the longitudinal direction of the pin, and holds it positively locked in a second rotational position to form the second positive locking, in particular in the longitudinal direction of the pin.

[0066] In a preferred embodiment, the component is a roller conveyor or a cover, wherein the roller conveyor preferably comprises several rotatably mounted rollers and at least one latch and / or a PDU. The connection area and the locking mechanism can be provided on the roller conveyor and on the cover. Other components for attachment to the structural part of the aircraft structure are possible.

[0067] According to a secondary aspect, the invention relates to a cargo compartment for an aircraft with at least two frames that are spaced apart from each other in the longitudinal direction of the cargo compartment, and at least two crossbeams forming structural parts, wherein one of the crossbeams runs transversely to the longitudinal direction of the cargo compartment on one of the frames, and at least one component, in particular a cargo system component and / or cover, wherein at least one quick-connect system according to one of the preceding claims is provided, by which the component is detachably connected to at least one of the crossbeams.

[0068] Preferably, the component is detachably attached to both crossbeams by means of the quick-connect system. Particularly preferably, the mounting plate and / or the mounting pin is attached to a surface of one or both crossbeams facing the cargo space. The same applies to the counterpart for receiving the engagement element. Furthermore, the crossbeams preferably have predefined mounting areas. These mounting areas preferably comprise a plurality of through-openings, which are, for example, designed as bores. The through-openings form connection points for several mounting pins. The mounting pins are attached to the connection points during assembly and preferably connected directly to the structural component. This can be done by a screw connection, in which the mounting pins are screwed directly into the structural component, or by a bolt-nut connection.Other fastening methods for connecting the fastening pins to the structural part are possible.

[0069] According to a further subordinate aspect, the invention relates to an aircraft with such a cargo space.

[0070] In an inventive method for reconfiguring or retrofitting such a cargo space, at least one quick-connect system according to the invention is used, wherein the component is in a locked state with the structural part, the engagement element being moved away from the counterpart or the structural part of the aircraft by a translational or rotational movement such that it is moved into an unlocking position to release the second positive locking connection. Subsequently, the component, e.g., a roller conveyor, is moved into a release position by shifting the connection area, and the connection area is removed from the mounting pin. Then, another component is placed onto the at least one mounting pin, and the engagement element of the locking mechanism of the further component, e.g., a roller conveyor, is moved into a release position.a cover that is positively locked to the counterpart or structural part of the aircraft by a rotational movement of the engagement element.

[0071] In a further method according to the invention for reconfiguring or retrofitting such a cargo space, at least one quick-connect system according to the invention is used, wherein the component is in a locked state with the structural part, the engagement element is moved relative to the mounting pin by a rotational movement such that it is moved into an unlocking position to release the second positive locking mechanism, and the component is thus in a release position. Subsequently, the connection area of ​​the component is removed from the mounting pin. Then, another component is placed onto the at least one mounting pin, and the engagement element of the locking mechanism of the further component is positively locked to the counterpart or the structural part of the aircraft by a rotational movement of the engagement element.

[0072] The components to be replaced are equipped with a connection area and a locking mechanism of the quick-connect system according to the invention.

[0073] If a component change is required, the above-described procedure steps are carried out in reverse order.

[0074] The advantages of the cargo space, the aircraft, and the reconfiguration procedure are described in relation to the advantages explained in connection with the quick-connect system. In addition, the cargo space, the aircraft, and the reconfiguration procedure may alternatively or additionally possess one or a combination of several of the features previously mentioned in relation to the quick-connect system.

[0075] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The illustrated embodiments represent examples of how the quick-connect system or the cargo space according to the invention can be designed.

[0076] These show, Fig. 1 an exploded view of a quick connection system according to a preferred embodiment according to the invention; Fig. 2 a top view of the quick-connect system according to Fig. 1, where a section line BB is shown through the quick-connect system; Fig. 3. Make a cut along the cutting line BB according to Fig. 2, wherein the engagement element engages with the counterpart; Fig. 4. Make a cut along the cutting line BB according to Fig. 2, wherein the engagement element is in non-engagement with the counterpart; Fig. 5 a top view of the quick connection system according to Fig. 1, where a section line CC is shown through the quick-connect system; Fig. 6. a cut along the cutting line CC according to Fig. 5, wherein the lever is in a first lever position; Fig. 7 a side view of a mounting pin of the quick-connect system according to Fig. 1 and Fig. 7; Fig. 8 a top view of a roller conveyor as a component having several connection areas for attachment with the mounting pins; Fig. 9 a top view of a quick connection system according to a further embodiment of the invention, wherein a section line AA through the quick connection system is shown; Fig. 10 a cut along the cutting line AA according to Fig. 7; Fig. 11 a top view of the quick connection system according to Fig. 7, in which the engagement element is in a locking position; Fig. 12 a partial view of a cargo space with several quick-connect systems according to a further embodiment according to the invention; Fig. 13 a detailed view of the cargo space in the area of ​​one of the quick-connect systems after Fig. 12; and Fig. 14 an underside view of a cover as a component with a locking mechanism and a connection area of ​​the quick-connect system according to Fig. 13.

[0077] In the following description, the same reference numbers are used for identical and equivalent parts.

[0078] A Cartesian coordinate system is typically used to provide directional information within an aircraft. In this system, the X-axis extends from the tail to the nose, the Y-axis runs perpendicular to the X-axis and lies essentially in the plane defined by the wings, and the Z-axis is perpendicular to both the X- and Y-axes.

[0079] Fig. Figures 1 to 8 show a quick-connect system 10 according to a preferred embodiment of the invention for detachably and thus interchangeably attaching a component of a cargo compartment 100, in this case a roller conveyor 101, to a structural part 103 of an aircraft structure 104. The aircraft structure 104, and thus the structural part 103, is located in the Fig. 12 and Fig. 13 can be seen.

[0080] The quick-connect system 10 comprises several mounting pins 11, each with a longitudinal axis LA. The mounting pins 11 each form a separate component for attaching the roller conveyor 101 to the structural part 103. As shown in the Fig. 12 and Fig. As shown in Figure 13, the structural element 103 is formed by a crossbeam 107 extending in the Y-axis direction between two rising sections of a frame 106. The fastening pins 11 are thus attached to the crossbeam 107 in the assembled state. Specifically, the fastening pins 11 are connected to the crossbeam 107 at predefined connection points that include through-holes. This can be done by screwing in the fastening pins 11 and / or using a bolt-nut connection.

[0081] In Fig. Figure 7 shows one of the fastening pins 11 as an example, all of which have the same shape and form. The design of the fastening pins 11 is described in detail below. Fig. 7 explained in more detail, whereby the following description of the fastening pin 11 applies to all fastening pins 11.

[0082] The fastening pin 11 according to Fig. 7 has an elongated base body 17. The elongated base body 17 comprises a fastening section 41 with an external thread extending along the longitudinal axis LA of the pin. As can be seen, the external thread converges on a first longitudinal end 42 of the fastening pin 11. The fastening pin 11 is connected to the cross member 107 via the fastening section 41.

[0083] Furthermore, the mounting pin 11 has a retaining section 18 that projects transversely to the pin's longitudinal axis LA from the base body 17. The retaining section 18 serves to secure a connection area 12 of the roller track 101 in a direction parallel to the pin's longitudinal axis LA, forming a positive fit, when the roller track 101 is mounted. This direction is also referred to as the pin's longitudinal axis direction, which corresponds to a Z-direction. In the present example, the pin's longitudinal axis direction runs parallel to the Z-direction of the aircraft. The retaining section 18 is arranged at a second longitudinal end 43 of the mounting pin 11. Specifically, the retaining section 18 forms a collar 19 that completely circumferentially extends around the base body 17 with respect to the pin's longitudinal axis LA.

[0084] The illustrated one-piece design of the mounting pin 11 allows for an optimal size and weight. Designs using a through-bolt, e.g., a countersunk screw, are also conceivable. However, in this case, the required diameter of the mounting pin increases.

[0085] Alternatively, the fastening pin 11 may be made of two or more parts. In this case, the diameter of the fastening pin 11 is larger compared to the one-piece fastening pin 11.

[0086] Fig. Figure 7 further shows a guide section 21 of the fastening pin 11 adjacent to the collar 19. The guide section 21 is formed along the longitudinal axis LA of the pin next to the collar 19. The guide section 21 serves to guide the connection area 12 of the roller conveyor 101 during a fastening operation of the roller conveyor 101. The guide section 21 has a smaller width transverse to the longitudinal axis LA of the pin than the collar 19.

[0087] Adjacent to the guide section 21 is a recessed section 29 of the mounting pin 11. The recessed section 29 projects transversely to the pin's longitudinal axis LA beyond the guide section 21. The recessed section 29 forms a further circumferential collar on the base body. The recessed section 29 serves to be inserted into a through-opening, e.g., in a support plate. The recessed section 29 and the retaining section 18 have the same width transversely to the pin's longitudinal axis LA. Specifically, the recessed section 29 and the retaining section 18 project the same distance beyond the guide section 21 transversely to the pin's longitudinal axis LA.

[0088] The guide section 21 is thus arranged between the retaining section 18 and the insertion section 29. Specifically, the guide section 21 forms a groove in the base body 17 that circumferentially surrounds the longitudinal axis LA of the pin.

[0089] As in Fig. 1 and Fig. As can be clearly seen in Figure 7, the fastening pin 11 is essentially cylindrical. The retaining section 18 and the guide section 21 each have a diameter, with the diameter of the retaining section 18 being larger than the diameter of the guide section 21. Likewise, the insertion section 29 has a diameter that is larger than the diameter of the guide section 21. Fig. Figure 7 shows that the retaining section 18 is thicker in the longitudinal axis direction of the pin than the insertion section 29. Furthermore, the guide section 21 is thicker in the longitudinal axis direction of the pin than the insertion section 29.

[0090] As in Fig. As shown in Figure 1, a total of eight mounting pins 11 are provided, four of which are used to connect the roller conveyor 101. The other four mounting pins 11 are used, for example, to connect another roller conveyor 101 to extend the preceding roller conveyor 101.

[0091] Furthermore, the Fig. 1 to 6 and Fig. 8, that the quick-connect system 10 has several connection areas 12 which have one or more through-openings 13 for receiving the fastening pins 11. In Fig. 1 and Fig. Figure 2 clearly shows that the connecting areas 12 are arranged on the lower side of two opposing roller conveyor profiles 108. The connecting areas 12 are plate-shaped elements that extend outwards on each roller conveyor profile 108 transversely to the longitudinal direction of the roller conveyor 101. The connecting areas 12 are formed on both the inner and outer sides of the roller conveyor profiles 108. They are integral parts of the roller conveyor profiles 108 and thus formed as a single unit with them. Two of the connecting areas 12 are wing-shaped on each of the roller conveyor profiles 108. The connecting areas 12 each form a connecting flange for connection with the fastening pins 11.

[0092] As described, each of the connection areas 12 has one or more through openings 13 for the fastening pins 11 in order to form a first positive connection with the fastening pins 11.

[0093] The Fig. Figure 8 shows a top view of one of the two roller conveyor profiles 108, with reference to which the through-openings 13 are described below. The through-openings 13 of the connection area 12 are adapted to allow the retaining section 18 of the base body 17 to pass through and to receive the guide section 21 of the base body 17, forming the first positive fit.

[0094] The figures show that the through-openings 13 of the connection areas 12 are keyhole-shaped. The through-opening 13 of the connection area 12 comprises a first opening area 22 and an adjacent second opening area 23, which merge into one another. The first opening area 22 is designed such that the retaining section 18 of the associated fastening pin 11 can pass through it, and the second opening area 23 is designed such that the retaining section 18 projects outwards beyond the second opening area 23.

[0095] Specifically, the first opening area 22 of the through-holes 13 has an inner diameter that is substantially larger than the diameter of the retaining section 18 of the mounting pin 11. The second opening area 23 has an elongated shape that is open towards the first opening area 22. The width of the second opening area 23, in particular the elongated hole, is smaller than the diameter of the retaining section 18 and larger than or substantially equal to the diameter of the guide section 21. This allows the respective mounting pin 11 with its retaining section 18 to pass through the first opening area 22 and subsequently allows the roller conveyor 101 to be moved transversely to the pin's longitudinal axis LA into the second opening area 23 until the guide section 21 abuts an end of the second opening area 23 opposite the first opening area 22. Fig. Figures 2 to 5 clearly show the state described above, in which the roller conveyor 101 is located at its end position.

[0096] In this state, the first positive locking connection between the connection area 12 and the mounting pin 11 is formed. This prevents movement of the roller track 101 in one of two directions: transverse to the pin's longitudinal axis LA, specifically in the X-direction, and in the pin's longitudinal axis direction, specifically in the Z-direction. This means that the first positive locking connection blocks movement of the roller track 101 in both X-directions and in the Z-direction. The mounting pin 11 is positively engaged in the through-opening 13 of the connection area 12. In other words, this prevents movement of the roller track 101 along the aircraft's X-axis and Z-axis.

[0097] Furthermore, in Fig. 5 and Fig. Figure 8 shows that the passage openings 13 of the connecting areas 12 on opposite roller conveyor profiles 108 are aligned on a line transverse to the longitudinal direction of the roller conveyor 101. The passage openings 13 run transversely to the longitudinal direction of the roller conveyor 101.

[0098] To lock the roller conveyor 101 in its assumed end position by forming a second positive locking connection, a locking mechanism 14 is provided, which is arranged on the roller conveyor 101. The locking mechanism 14 has an engagement element 15a, a lever 24, and a spring element 25. The engagement element 15a is bolt-shaped. In other words, the engagement element 15a is cylindrical. Other shapes are possible. The engagement element 15a is guided translationally, i.e., longitudinally displaceably, in a retaining part 105 of the roller conveyor 101. The retaining part 105 extends transversely to the longitudinal direction of the roller conveyor 101 between the two opposing roller conveyor profiles 108. The retaining part 105 is a web that connects the two roller conveyor profiles 108.

[0099] The retaining part 105 has a bore 44 in which the engagement element 15a is guided for longitudinal displacement. The engagement element 15a can exit the bore 44 on an underside 45 of the retaining part 105 and retract back into it. The position of the engagement element 15a depends on the position of the lever 24, to which the engagement element 15a is connected via a pivot joint 46. The lever 24 is pivotally mounted on an upper surface 52 of the retaining part 105 via the pivot joint. As shown in the Fig. As can be seen from 1 to 6, the lever 24 can assume two lever positions, which are determined by an eccentric shape of a contact surface of the lever 24, via which the lever 24 is in contact with the top 52 of the holding part 105.

[0100] The engagement element 15a has a connecting pin 47 that extends through an opening in the retaining part 105 towards the upper surface 52. Specifically, the pivot joint 46 is located on the portion of the connecting pin 47 that projects beyond the upper surface 52 of the retaining part 105, where the lever 24 is also located. The engagement element 15a has a further portion in the bore 44 that is wider than the connecting pin 47. Fig. 3 and Fig. Figure 4 clearly shows that the engagement element 15a has a shoulder 48. It is also shown that the spring element 25 is supported on one side by an inner surface 33 of the bore 44 adjacent to the opening and on the other side by the shoulder 48 of the engagement element 15a.

[0101] In a first lever position, lever 24 is arranged in a standing position. As in Fig. As can be seen in Figure 6, the lever 24 runs essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the roller conveyor 101. In the first lever position, the wider part of the engagement element 15a is completely received in the bore 44, which in Fig. Figure 4 shows that in this position the spring element 25 is compressed between the shoulder 48 of the engagement element 15a and the inner surface 33 of the bore 44, thereby exerting a spring force that preloads the engagement element 15a in the extension direction.

[0102] In the first lever position, the engagement element 15a is disengaged from an opening 35 of a counterpart 16, with which the second positive locking mechanism can be formed to block movement of the roller conveyor 101 in the second transverse direction, specifically in the Y-direction, and thus lock the roller conveyor 101 in its end position. "In the second transverse direction" means that the second positive locking mechanism blocks movement of the roller conveyor 101 in both Y-directions.

[0103] Due to the upright position of lever 24 in the first lever position, the lever 24 rests with one surface on the upper surface 52 of the retaining part 105, whereby the spring force presses the lever 24 against the upper surface 52 of the retaining part 105 and thus holds the lever 24 in the first lever position independently. This makes it possible to easily position and install even longer assemblies with several such locking mechanisms in the aircraft or cargo hold.

[0104] To move the lever 24 from the first lever position to a second lever position, its longitudinal end, which is in contact with the upper surface 52 of the retaining part 105, has a curved, in particular eccentric, shape that transitions from the first surface to a second surface oriented perpendicular to it. These two surfaces, together with the curved shape, form the aforementioned contact surface. The lever 24 slides over the curved shape when moving between the two lever positions. The spring element 25 assists the movement by means of its spring force. This curved shape lowers the engagement element 15a when moving from the first to the second lever position, thereby forming the second positive locking connection.When moving from the second to the first lever position, however, the engagement element 15a is raised, so that the second positive locking is released and the roller conveyor 101 can be moved transversely to the longitudinal direction of the roller conveyor 101 via the keyhole-shaped passage openings 13 of the connection areas 12.

[0105] In the second lever position, lever 24 is arranged horizontally. As in Fig. As can be seen in Figure 1, the lever 24 runs essentially in the longitudinal direction of the roller conveyor 101. In the second lever position, the wider part of the engagement element 15a is partially extended from the bore 44, which in Fig. Figure 3 shows that in this position the engagement element 15a protrudes into the opening 35 of the counterpart 16 and thereby forms the second positive locking mechanism that finally locks the roller track 101.

[0106] Due to the horizontal position of the lever 24 in the second lever position, the second surface of the lever 24 rests flat on the upper surface 52 of the holding part 105, with residual spring force pressing the lever 24 against the upper surface 52 of the holding part 105, thus holding the lever 24 in the second lever position independently. Simultaneously, the spring element 25 ensures that the engagement element 15a remains engaged with the opening 35 of the counterpart 16, thus securing the second positive connection.

[0107] The locking mechanism 14 can alternatively have a rotatably mounted cam that is coupled to the engagement element 15a in such a way that a rotational movement causes the engagement element 15a to be raised or lowered. This represents another way of controlling the engagement element 15a. For example, the cam can raise or lower the engagement element 15a by a rotational movement of, say, 90°.

[0108] As in the Fig. 3 and Fig. As can be seen in Figure 4, the opening 35 of the counterpart 16 corresponds to the engagement element 15a in the end position of the roller conveyor 101. The counterpart 16 will be discussed in more detail later.

[0109] From the Fig. Figures 1 to 6 further show that the quick-connect system 10 has a support plate 26 for supporting the connection areas 12 of the roller conveyor 101, which includes a through-opening 27 for each mounting pin 11. The mounting pins 11 rest indirectly on the crossbeam 107 via the support plate 26.

[0110] The support plate 26 comprises two opposite longitudinal sides 49 and two opposite broad sides 51. Four through-openings 27 are arranged on each longitudinal side 49 of the support plate 26. The four through-openings 27 are arranged along the same line in the longitudinal direction of the support plate 26. The final position of the through-openings 27 is determined by the position of the predefined attachment points, in particular screw points, on the structural part 103 of the aircraft structure 104.

[0111] The through-openings 27 are each spaced apart from one another at a distance corresponding to the distance between the through-openings 13 lying on a line of adjacent connection areas 12 of the roller track 101. The respective number and position of the through-openings 27 depend on the respective aircraft structure 104, which specifies the respective connection points or fastening points.

[0112] The support plate 26 has a thickness of 1 mm to 3 mm. The through-holes 27 of the support plate 26 include a shoulder 28 on which the mounting pins 11 with their insertion sections 29 rest. The insertion section 29 of the mounting pins 11 is positively engaged in the respective through-hole 27 such that it is flush with a top surface of the support plate 26. This ensures that the connection areas 12 of the roller conveyor 101 rest flat on the support plate 26. This is, for example, in the Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 6 clearly visible. The through-openings 27 are essentially cylindrical and also serve for the exact positioning of the fastening pins (11) during installation.

[0113] The through-holes 27 of the support plate 26 are designed and arranged according to the predefined connection points on the crossbeam 107. This allows the fastening pins 11 to be connected to the support plate 26. Besides setting the exact height of the fastening pins 11, the support plate 26 also serves as an assembly aid. The fastening pins 11 can be pre-inserted into the support plate 26 and then positioned on the crossbeam 107 at the connection points. This pre-positions the fastening pins 11. Alternatively, the support plate 26 can be placed on the crossbeam 107 so that the through-holes 27 correspond to the connection points on the crossbeam 107. The fastening pins 11 can then be inserted and connected to the crossbeam 107.

[0114] As in Fig. As can be seen in Figure 1, the support plate 26 additionally comprises the counterpart 16, in the opening 35 of which the engagement element 15a can engage to create the second positive connection. The counterpart 16 is formed integrally with the support plate 26. The opening 35 penetrates the counterpart 16 in a vertical direction and is essentially complementary to the engagement element 15a.

[0115] Furthermore, it can be seen that the support plate 26 has two such counterparts 16, with each counterpart 16 being arranged on one of the longitudinal sides 49 of the support plate 26. The counterparts 16 are arranged in a central region of the longitudinal sides 49 and are oriented in opposite directions. Specifically, each counterpart 16 has a lug 32 that projects beyond the longitudinal side 49 of the support plate 26. The lugs 32 are designed such that, in the installed state of the support plate 26, they are spaced away from the surface or top side of the cross member 107. In other words, a gap is formed between the lugs 32 and the cross member 107, into which, for example, another engagement element of a cover can engage.

[0116] The exact configuration, whether support plates 26 are used with one or two counterparts 16, depends on their position in the cargo space or cargo system. Typically, support plates 26 in the area of ​​roller conveyor separation points are arranged with two counterparts 16 (one for each roller conveyor assembly), while in areas within roller conveyors 101 or components, support plates 26 are arranged with one counterpart 16.

[0117] A rail section 34 is formed between the two counterparts 16. The rail section 34 forms a perforated rail that serves as a lashing point. The perforated rail runs longitudinally along the support plate 26. The perforated rail is integrally formed with the support plate 26.

[0118] Depending on the specific application, only a counterpart 16 without rail section 34 can be part of the support plate 26. Alternatively, the support plate 26 can be designed as a flat plate and the counterpart 16 can be mounted or attached as a separate part at another location, but near the mounting pins 11.

[0119] The Fig. Figures 9 to 11 show a quick-connect system 10 according to a further embodiment of the invention. The following discussion focuses solely on the differences between this quick-connect system 10 and the quick-connect system 10 according to [reference to relevant figure]. Fig. 1 to 8 are described to avoid duplication.

[0120] As in Fig. As can be clearly seen in Figure 10, the insertion section 29 of the fastening pin 11 has a thickness in the longitudinal axis direction of the pin that is greater than the respective thickness of the retaining section 18 and the guide section 21. Fig. Figure 10 further shows that the insertion section 29 of the fastening pin 11 not only fits snugly into the through-opening 27 of the support plate 26, but also into the through-opening 13 of the connection area 12. This applies to all fastening pins 11 that are connected to one of the connection areas 12 of the roller conveyor 101. The through-opening 13 of the respective connection area 12 and the corresponding through-opening 27 of the support plate 26 have at least the same diameter at the transition between the two openings in order to snugly receive the insertion section 29. The outer diameter of the insertion section 29 essentially corresponds to the adjacent inner diameters of the through-openings 13 and 27.

[0121] Once the roller conveyor 101, with its connection areas 12, is placed onto the mounting pins 11 via the through-openings 13, a first positive locking action is formed in both transverse directions with respect to the longitudinal axis LA of the pins. "In both transverse directions" means that the first positive locking action blocks movement of the roller conveyor 101 in both X-directions and both Y-directions. In this state, the roller conveyor 101 is already in its end position.

[0122] Another difference is that with the quick-connect system according to Fig. 9 to 11, the through-openings 13 of the connection areas 12 of the roller conveyor 101 are circular. Specifically, these through-openings 13 are designed as bores. These may be slightly larger than the diameter of the retaining section 18 to ensure that the retaining section 18 of the fastening pin 11 can pass through during assembly or disassembly.

[0123] The quick connection system 10 according to Fig. The retaining part 105 is missing in parts 9 to 11. The locking mechanism 14 is also designed differently in this quick-connect system 10 than in the quick-connect system according to [reference to relevant document]. Fig. 1 to 8. As in Fig. 9 and Fig. As can be seen in Figure 11, the locking mechanism 14 has an engagement element 15b, which is disc-shaped. The engagement element 15b has an arcuate opening 36 for locking the fastening pin 11. The arcuate opening 36 comprises a first opening region 37, which is larger than the diameter of the retaining section 18 of the respective fastening pin 11. Furthermore, the arcuate opening 36 comprises a second adjacent opening region 38, which is smaller than the diameter of the retaining section 18, but greater than or equal to the diameter of the guide section 21. This ensures that the engagement element 15b can move relative to the fastening pin 11, even when the guide section 21 is guided in the second opening region 38 of the arcuate opening 36.

[0124] The first opening area 37 has an inner diameter that essentially corresponds to the diameter of the retaining section 18 of the fastening pin 11, but is preferably slightly larger. The second opening area 38 is a curved elongated hole that is open towards the first opening area 37.

[0125] The engagement element 15b is rotatable about a pivot axis 39 that runs parallel to the longitudinal axis LA of the pin. In the installed state of the roller conveyor 101, in which the first positive fit is established, the pivot axis 39 is offset relative to the longitudinal axis LA of the pin. Specifically, the pivot axis 39 is offset from the longitudinal axis LA of the pin in both transverse directions.

[0126] The engagement element 15b is rotatable, in particular pivotable, on the axis of rotation 39 between a first rotational position and a second rotational position. In the first rotational position, which is in Fig. As can be seen in Figure 9, the first opening area 37 of the arc-shaped opening 36 corresponds to the longitudinal axis LA of the pin such that the connection area 12, and thus the roller conveyor 101, is detached from the mounting pin 11. In the first rotational position, therefore, no positive locking is formed between the mounting pin 11 and the engagement element 15b. The mounting pin 11 protrudes freely through the first opening area 37 of the arc-shaped opening 36.

[0127] In the second rotation position, which is in Fig. As can be seen in Figure 11, the engagement element 15b is pivoted about the axis of rotation 39, specifically clockwise, with the guide section 21 of the mounting pin 11 being inserted into the second opening region 38 of the arc-shaped opening 36 and abutting at one longitudinal end of the opening region 38. In the second rotational position, the retaining section 18 projects beyond the engagement element 15b in the section of the engagement element 15b adjacent to the second opening region 38. In other words, the retaining section 18 covers the engagement element 15b at the second opening region 38 such that the retaining section 18 holds the engagement element 15b in the longitudinal direction LA of the pin.

[0128] Since the engagement element 15b is arranged between the connection area 12 of the roller conveyor 101 and the retaining section 18 of the mounting pin 11, the second positive locking is formed, which now prevents movement of the roller conveyor 101 in the pin's longitudinal axis direction, i.e., in the Z-direction. The roller conveyor 101 is now in a fully locked state.

[0129] To detach the roller conveyor 101 from the mounting pins 11, the engagement element 15b simply needs to be pivoted from the second to the first rotational position. The roller conveyor 101 can then be easily removed.

[0130] Furthermore, in the Fig. It can be seen from 9 to 11 that the support plate 26 differs from that according to Fig. 1 to 6. In the present case, the support plate 26 has only one counterpart 16. It is also possible that this support plate 26 is used in the quick-connect system 10 according to Fig. 1 to 8 can be used. The same applies to plate 26 according to Fig. 1 to 6, which alternatively can be used with the quick connection system 10 according to Fig. It can be used from 9 to 11.

[0131] The Fig. Figures 12 to 14 show a quick-connect system 10 in a further preferred embodiment, wherein instead of a roller conveyor 101, as in the embodiments according to Fig. 1 to 11, a cover 102 is provided with the crossbeams 107 detachably connected via several of the quick-connect system 10. In the Fig. 12 and Fig. 13 shows cover 102 transparently for better representation of underlying parts.

[0132] In Fig. 13 It is clearly visible that the support plate 26 of the quick-connect system 10 is connected to the support plate 26 according to Fig. 1 to 6 are identical. The fastening pins 11 are also identical to the fastening pins 11 according to Fig. 1 to 7 are identical. Alternatively or additionally, the fastening pins 11 can be used according to Fig. 9 to 11 can be used. The cover 102 is compatible with all described mounting pins 11.

[0133] The cover 102 is elongated and has several connection areas 12, which correspond to a surface of the cover 107 that lies below it when installed. Each connection area 12 has several through-openings 13, which are covered from above when installed. In other words, the through-openings 13 in the connection area 12 are not to be understood as openings, but rather as blind holes. This has the advantage that, when installed, dirt cannot accumulate in the through-openings and damage is avoided. Hereinafter, these will simply be referred to as openings 13. The openings 13 have an inner diameter that essentially corresponds to the diameter of the retaining section 18 and, for example, to the diameter of the insertion section 29, should the insertion section 29 protrude beyond the support plate 26.By attaching the cover 102 by receiving the part of the fastening pin 11 that protrudes beyond the support plate 26, a first positive locking is formed, which blocks movement of the cover 102 in both transverse directions, i.e. in both X and Y directions.

[0134] The quick connection system 10 according to Fig. The locking mechanism 14, as shown in sections 12 to 14, has an engagement element 15c, which is disc-shaped. The engagement element 15c has a segmentally arcuate outer contour 31. The engagement element 15c is pivotably mounted on the underside of the cover 102, which, in the installed state, faces away from the cargo compartment. The engagement element 15c is rotatable about a pivot axis 39, which, when the first positive locking is formed, runs parallel to the longitudinal axis LA of the pin. When the cover 102 is in place, in which the first positive locking is achieved, the pivot axis 39 is offset relative to the longitudinal axis LA of the pin.

[0135] The engagement element 15c is rotatable, in particular pivotable, on the axis of rotation 39 between a first rotational position and a second rotational position. In the first rotational position, which is in Fig. As can be seen in Figure 13, the engagement element 15c, with its arcuate outer contour 31, is pivoted into the space formed between the nose 32 of the counterpart 16 and the surface of the cross member 107. In other words, the arcuate outer contour 31 of the engagement element 15c is located partially below the nose 32, thus forming a second positive lock that prevents the cover 102 from lifting. This second positive lock therefore blocks movement of the cover 102 in the pin longitudinal axis LA, i.e., in the Z-direction. The cover 102 is in a fully locked state here.

[0136] To detach the cover 102 from the mounting pins 11, simply pivot the engagement element 15c from the second to the first rotational position. In the second rotational position, the engagement element 15c does not engage in the clearance. The cover 102 can then be easily removed.

[0137] Since the cover 102 with its openings 13 is designed in such a way that the fastening pins 11 can be received according to both embodiments, a conversion between a cargo space with cargo system components, such as the roller conveyor described above, or a cargo space in "bulk configuration", i.e. with a flat bottom, can be carried out without much effort.

[0138] It should be noted here that the described roller conveyors 101 are equipped with one or more quick-connect systems 10 according to Fig. 1 to 8 and / or according to Fig. 9 to 11 can be connected to the crossbeams 107. The cover 102 can also be connected to one or more of the quick-connect system 10 according to Fig. 12 to 14. Particularly preferably, each component is detachably attached to at least two crossbeams 107 spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the aircraft, i.e. in the X-direction.

[0139] The different fastening versions also depend on the loads to be introduced. The system according to Fig. 1-8 is designed for the transfer of cargo system loads in the X, Y and Z directions, the locking Fig. 9-11 primarily for fastening covers that should be kept as flat and in position as possible, transferring X / Y shear loads and maximum down loads. Reference symbol list 10 Quick connection system 11 fastening pins 12 Connection area 13. Passage opening of the connection area 14 Locking mechanism 15a-c Intervention element 16 counterpart 17 elongated base body 18 Holding section of the fastening pin 19 collars 21 Guide section of the fastening pin 22 first opening area of ​​the passage opening of the connection area 23 second opening area of ​​the passage opening of the connection area 24 levers 25 spring element 26 Support plate 27 Through opening of the support plate Paragraph 28 29 Insertion section of the fastening pin 31 arc-shaped outer contour 32 Nose of the counterparts 33 interior surface 34 track section 35 Opening the counterpart 36 arc-shaped openings 37 First opening area of ​​the arc-shaped opening of the engagement element 38 second opening area of ​​the arc-shaped opening of the engagement element 39 axis of rotation 41 Mounting section of the mounting pin 42 first longitudinal end of the fastening pin 43 second longitudinal end of the fastening pin 44 Bore of the retaining part 45 Underside of the retaining part 46 Swivel joint 47 Connecting pin Paragraph 48 49 long sides of the support plate 51 broad sides of the support plate 52 Top of the retaining part 100 cargo space 101 Freight system component, roller conveyor 102 Coverage 103 Structural part 104 Aircraft structure 105 Holding part 106 frames 107 crossbeams 108 roller conveyor profiles LA longitudinal axis of the pin

Claims

[1] Quick-connect system (10) for attaching and / or changing components of an aircraft cargo space (100) to at least one structural part (103) of an aircraft structure (104), comprising: - at least one fastening pin (11) that can be mounted on the structural part (103) and has a pin longitudinal axis (LA); - at least one connection area (12) which is arranged or formed on the component and has at least one through-opening (13) in which the fastening pin (11) can be received or accommodated at least partially by forming a first positive locking in the pin longitudinal axis direction and / or transversely to the pin longitudinal axis (LA); and - at least one locking mechanism (14) arranged on the component with at least one engagement element (15a-c) which is movably mounted on the component in such a way that a second positive locking connection can be formed or is formed by a translational or rotational movement of the engagement element (15a-c) with the fastening pin (11), the structural part (103) or a counterpart (16) mountable on the structural part (103), which blocks a movement of the component in the pin longitudinal axis direction and / or transverse to the pin longitudinal axis (LA). [2] Quick connection system (10) according to claim 1, characterized by , that the fastening pin (11) has an elongated base body (17) with at least one retaining section (18) which projects transversely to the pin longitudinal axis (LA) on the base body (17) in order to form the first positive locking with the connection area (12) or to form the second positive locking with the engagement element (15b). [3] Quick connection system (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by , that the fastening pin (11) or several of the fastening pins (11) are directly attached to or on the structural part (103) by screws in the assembled state. [4] Quick connection system (10) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized by , that the retaining section (18) of the fastening pin (11) comprises at least one collar (19) which is formed at least partially circumferentially with respect to the longitudinal axis (LA) of the pin. [5] Quick connection system (10) according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized by , that the base body (17) has a guide section (21) adjacent to the holding section (18) which has a smaller width than the holding section (18). [6] Quick connection system (10) according to claim 5, characterized by, that the holding section (18) and the guide section (21) each have a diameter, wherein the diameter of the holding section (18) is larger than the diameter of the guide section (21). [7] Quick connection system (10) according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized by , that the through-opening (13) of the connection area (12) is adapted to accommodate the holding section (18) and / or at least a part of the base body (17) by forming the first positive locking. [8] Quick connection system (10) according to one of claims 2 to 7, characterized by, that the through-opening (13) of the connection area (12) has a first opening area (22) and an adjacent second opening area (23) which merge into each other, wherein the first opening area (22) is designed such that the retaining section (18) of the fastening pin (11) can pass through it and the second opening area (23) is designed such that the retaining section (18) projects outwards beyond the second opening area (23). [9] Quick connection system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the through-opening (13) of the connection area (12) is keyhole-shaped, oblong-shaped or circular. [10] Quick connection system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the engagement element (15a) is adapted to engage in an opening of the structural part (103) and / or an opening (35) of a counterpart (16) that can be mounted on the structural part (103) by forming the second positive locking. [11] Quick connection system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the engagement element (15a) is bolt-shaped and is guided in a retaining part (105) of the component in a translationally displaceable manner. [12] Quick connection system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the locking mechanism (14) comprises a lever (24) rotatably connected to the engagement element (15a), wherein in a first lever position the lever (24) raises the engagement element (15a) to release the second positive locking and in a second lever position lowers it to form the second positive locking. [13] Quick connection system (10) according to claim 12, characterized by, that the locking mechanism (14) comprises at least one spring element (25) which biases the engagement element (15a) in a direction away from the lever (24) when the lever (24) is in its first lever position. [14] Quick connection system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the locking mechanism (14) has at least one rotatably mounted cam which is coupled to the engagement element (15a) in such a way that it causes the engagement element (15a) to be raised or lowered by a rotational movement. [15] Quick connection system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that at least one support plate (26) is provided for supporting the component, which includes at least one through-opening (27) for the fastening pin (11). [16] Quick connection system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the through-opening (27) of the support plate (26) has at least one shoulder (28) and the fastening pin (11) has at least one insertion section (29) which rests on the shoulder (28) and is positively engaged with the through-opening (27) of the support plate (26). [17] Quick connection system (10) according to claims 2 to 15, characterized by , that the through-opening (13) of the connection area (12) comprises an inner contour that corresponds to an outer contour of the insertion section (29) and / or the retaining section (18) of the fastening pin (11). [18] Quick connection system (10) according to one of claims 15 to 17, characterized by , that the counterpart (16) for the engagement of the engagement element (15a) is part of the support plate (26) or is located near the fastening pin (11). [19] Quick connection system (10) according to any one of claims 15 to 18, characterized bythat the support plate (26) has at least one rail section (34) for forming a lashing point or positioning fitting, which is arranged in the area of ​​the opening (35) of the counterpart (16). [20] Quick connection system (10) according to any one of claims 2 to 19, characterized by , that the engagement element (15b) is arranged between the connection area (12) and the holding section (18) and is adapted to engage the holding section (18) by a rotational movement, forming the second positive locking connection. [21] Quick connection system (10) according to any one of claims 2 to 20, characterized by, that the engagement element (15b) is disc-shaped and has an arc-shaped opening (36) comprising a first opening area (37) that is larger than an outer contour of the retaining section (18) of the fastening pin (11), and having a second adjacent opening area (38) that is smaller than the outer contour of the retaining section (18). [22] Quick connection system (10) according to any one of claims 2 to 21, characterized by , that the engagement element (15b) is rotatable about a rotation axis (39) which runs parallel to the longitudinal axis (LA) of the pin, wherein the engagement element (15b) releases the fastening pin (11) in a first rotation position to release the second positive locking and holds it positively locked in a second rotation position to form the second positive locking. [23] Quick connection system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the component is a roller conveyor (101) or a cover (102). [24] Cargo compartment (100) for an aircraft comprising at least two frames (106) spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the cargo compartment (100), and at least two crossbeams (107) forming structural parts (103), wherein one of the crossbeams (107) extends transversely to the longitudinal direction of the cargo compartment (100) on one of the frames (106), and at least one component wherein at least one quick-connect system (10) according to one of the preceding claims is provided, by which the component is detachably connected to at least one of the crossbeams (107). [25] Aircraft with a cargo hold (100) according to claim 24. [26] Method for reconfiguring a cargo space (100) according to claim 24 using at least one quick-connect system (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 23, wherein the component is in a locked state with the structural part (103), wherein in the method - the engagement element (15a) is moved away from the counterpart (16) or the structural part (103) of the aircraft by a translational or rotational movement in such a way that it is moved into an unlocking position to release the second positive locking; - the component is moved into a release position by shifting the connection area (12) and the connection area (12) is removed from the mounting pin (11); and - another component is placed on at least one fastening pin (11) and the engagement element (15c) of the locking mechanism (14) of the further component is positively locked to the counterpart (16) or the structural part (103) of the aircraft by a rotational movement of the engagement element (15c). [27] Method for reconfiguring a cargo space (100) according to claim 24 using at least one quick-connect system (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 23, wherein the component is in a locked state with the structural part (103), wherein in the method - the engagement element (15b) is moved relative to the fastening pin (11) by a rotational movement in such a way that it is moved into an unlocking position to release the second positive locking mechanism and the component is thus in a release position; - the connection area (12) of the component is removed from the mounting pin (11); and - another component is placed on at least one fastening pin (11) and the engagement element (15c) of the locking mechanism (14) of the further component is positively locked to the counterpart (16) or the structural part (103) of the aircraft by a rotational movement of the engagement element (15c).

Images