Insulation system of a container

Abstract

Insulation system (10) for thermal insulation of walls, in particular walls (91) of a steel container (90), comprising an inner layer (20) and an outer layer (30). The inner layer (20) comprises a thermal insulation material. The inner layer (20) has an inner surface (IS) shaped to correspond to the container wall (91) to be insulated, and an outer surface (AS) opposite the inner layer (IS). The outer layer (30) is detachably connected to the outer surface (AS) of the inner layer (20) by a connecting element (51, 52). The container (90) comprises a container wall (91) having a surface area (92) and an insulation system (10). The inner surface (IS) of the inner layer (20) of the insulation system (10) is connected to the surface area (92), preferably by bonding.

Description

Technical field The present invention relates generally to an insulation system. In particular, the present invention relates to an insulation system for thermal insulation of steel walls of a container and to a container with such an insulation system. background Containers are used worldwide for a wide variety of purposes. For example, containers are used to transport and store goods; these are also known as ISO containers and are further defined, for example, in ISO standard 668. Another use case for containers is the provision of mobile applications such as mobile workstations or mobile test benches. Standardized shipping containers can also be used for this purpose, retrofitted with the appropriate installation kits (e.g., heating, air conditioning, ventilation, testing equipment, computers, etc.). Of course, containers of other sizes and materials can also be used for transporting and storing goods and for mobile applications instead of shipping containers. Depending on its use, it can be advantageous or even necessary to provide thermal insulation for the container. Steel containers, for example, conduct heat very well. Thermal insulation can help to better control the temperature inside the container. The insulation is applied to at least one container wall, either on the inside and / or outside. The insulation material reduces heat transfer from the inside of the container to the outside, or vice versa. If the insulation is applied to the outside of a container wall and exposed to the elements, it must also be weather-resistant. It is known to use insulating panels for the thermal insulation of containers, especially steel containers. These insulating panels (cladding panels) are attached to one or more walls of the container. As a first step in the installation process, studs or threaded sleeves are attached directly to the container wall to be insulated. If the container is made of steel, the studs or threaded sleeves are usually welded directly onto the steel container. Furthermore, through-holes are provided in the insulating panels so that the panels can be placed onto the studs attached to the container and secured with nuts, or so that screws can be passed through the through-holes and screwed into the threaded sleeves attached to the container.One challenge in attaching such insulating panels to the container is that the usually relatively large manufacturing tolerances in the production of the container and the studs or threaded sleeves attached to it must be coordinated with the relatively small machine-building tolerances in the production of the insulating panels and the through holes in them. It is also known to glue or spray insulating panels for the thermal insulation of containers, especially steel containers, directly onto one or more of the container walls. While this eliminates the need for through-holes in the insulating panels for fastening, the panels can only be removed from the container wall by simultaneously destroying at least the adhesive layer, and usually also the insulating panel itself. This can complicate the maintenance (renewal, servicing, repair, replacement) of the insulating panels. Furthermore, container superstructures are known from US 2022 / 0018118 A1, US 5,706,614 A1, DE 102 01 362 C1, US 2017 / 0130475 A1, US 2015 / 0336732A1, US 2019 / 0168959 A1, DE 20 2023 105 091 U1, DE 10 2018 220 046 A1, KR 20-0172590, US 2005 / 0205584 A1, WO 99 / 57038 A1 and WO 2018 / 165568 A1. The present invention addresses the problem of improving the systems listed above and providing thermal insulation that is easy to install and whose maintenance is improved. Description of the invention The technical problem underlying the invention is solved by an insulation system (thermal insulation system) for the thermal insulation of walls, in particular the walls of a steel container. The insulation system has an inner layer and an outer layer. The inner layer comprises a thermal insulation material. The inner layer has an inner side and an outer side opposite the inner side. The inner side is shaped to correspond to the container wall to be insulated. The outer layer is detachably connected to the outer side of the inner layer by a connecting element. Furthermore, the problem underlying the invention is solved by a container. The container, in particular a steel container, has a container wall with a surface area. The container also has an insulation system according to the invention. The inner surface of the inner layer of the insulation system is connected to the surface area of ​​the container wall, preferably by bonding. Furthermore, the problem underlying the invention is solved by a method for manufacturing an insulation system for the thermal insulation of walls, in particular the walls of a steel container. The method comprises the step of manufacturing an inner layer at least partially from thermal insulation material. The inner layer has an inner surface shaped to correspond to the container wall to be insulated. The inner layer has an outer surface opposite the inner surface. The method further comprises the step of manufacturing an outer layer and the step of detachably connecting the outer layer to the outer surface of the inner layer by means of at least one connecting element. Furthermore, the problem underlying the invention is solved by a method for manufacturing a container. The method comprises the step of providing a container having a container wall with a surface area. The method further comprises the step of manufacturing an inner layer, at least partially, from thermal insulation material. The inner layer has an inner surface shaped to correspond to the surface area. The inner layer has an outer surface opposite the inner surface. The method further comprises the step of manufacturing an outer layer and the step of releasably connecting the outer layer to the outer surface of the inner layer by means of at least one connecting element. The method further comprises the step of connecting, preferably by bonding, the inner surface of the inner layer to the surface area of ​​the container wall. The invention is based on the concept of providing an insulation system (thermal insulation system) with several layers that are detachably connected to one another. The detachable connection allows the multiple layers of the insulation system to be easily connected and separated. The insulation system according to the invention has an inner layer and an outer layer. The outer layer is detachably (removably) connected to the inner layer. Due to the detachable connection between the outer and inner layers, the outer layer can be easily replaced and repaired in the event of damage or other removal requirements. Furthermore, the detachable connection between the inner and outer layers allows the same inner layer to be connected to different outer layers.The various outer layers can differ from one another (for example, they can be designed to fulfill different functions). This allows for a modular insulation system that can be flexibly adapted to different conditions by replacing the outer layer. For the purposes of this disclosure, a "releasable connection" means any connection that allows components to be joined with one or more connecting elements in such a way that they can be separated again without destroying the components or the connecting element(s). A "releasable connection" can be, for example, a screw connection or a quick-release latch (bayonet). A "releasable connection" differs from a "non-releasable connection." Unlike a "releasable connection," a "non-releasable connection" requires the connected components to be destroyed in order to detach the connection (for example, a welded joint). In the context of the present disclosure, "conditionally detachable connections" can also be subsumed under the term "detachable connection". With a "conditionally detachable connection", the components themselves do not need to be destroyed, but the connecting element must be (for example, an adhesive bond or a riveted connection). According to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the "releasable connection" between the inner layer and the outer layer is not a "conditionally releasable connection". Accordingly, the inner layer and the outer layer can, for example, be screwed together but not glued together. The insulation system can have one or more connecting elements. The inner layer comprises a thermal insulation material. For the purposes of this disclosure, thermal insulation material is defined as materials with a thermal conductivity coefficient of < 1 W / mK. For example, the AIREX T90 foam from 3A Composites Core Materials (product data sheet dated March 2023) can be used as a thermal insulation material. Another example of a thermal insulation material according to this disclosure is the JACK-ODUR insulation material from JACKON Insulation GmbH (as available at the filing date of this disclosure). The inner layer can have a maximum thickness in the range of 10–100 mm, preferably in the range of 10–50 mm. The inner surface of the inner layer is designed to be connected to the wall to be insulated and is shaped to match the container wall. For example, the inner surface of the inner layer, i.e., the side facing the container wall, can have protrusions (a profile). The outer surface of the inner layer can be flat or have protrusions (a profile). The outer layer can consist of a single layer or it can have several stacked layers. The multiple stacked layers can be detachably connected to each other. The outer layer may contain a layer of thermal insulation material. Alternatively or in addition to the layer of thermal insulation material, the outer layer can include a layer made of, for example, metal (e.g., aluminum, steel), plastic (e.g., plastics, fiberglass composites, ceramics, carbon fiber composites), or wood (wood-like materials). Such a layer can be an outer layer and can be designed to fulfill a specific function. For example, such a layer can be located on the outside and serve to protect against environmental influences, increase weather resistance, and / or protect the underlying outer or inner layers from mechanical stress. Alternatively, the layer can serve as a cladding element or an additional insulating element. The outer layer can also have several different layers. For example, the outer layer can have a layer of thermal insulation material for insulation and a plastic layer applied to this layer to protect the thermal insulation material. Furthermore, the outer layer can be designed to fulfill other technical functions. For example, the outer layer can be designed to provide a surface with a small radar cross-section or to provide ballistic protection. The outer layer can have a maximum thickness in the range of 10–100 mm, preferably in the range of 10–50 mm. The outer layer has an inner and an outer surface. The inner surface of the outer layer is detachably connected to the outer surface of the inner layer by at least one connecting element. The inner surface and / or the outer surface of the outer layer can be flat or have projections. The detachable connection of the outer layer with the inner layer and the possibility of connecting different outer layers with the inner layer allows for a modular insulation system that can be adapted to fulfill various functions. The height and width of the inner and outer layers, respectively, depend on the size of the wall to be insulated. For example, the height and width of the inner and outer layers can essentially correspond to the width and height of one of the walls of a shipping container (ISO container). It is also clear to a person skilled in the art that only certain areas of a container wall can be covered by the inner or outer layer, and that the inner or outer layer can be composed of several parts (such as rectangular panels) that may differ in size. The outer surface of the inner layer and the inner surface of the outer layer can be designed to be substantially abutting each other. For example, both the outer surface of the inner layer and the inner surface of the outer layer can be flat and abutting each other along their entire interface (the area where the outer surface of the inner layer and the inner surface of the outer layer meet). Instead of being flat, both the outer surface of the inner layer and the inner surface of the outer layer can be profiled (curved) such that they are complementary and abutting each other along their entire interface. Two layers are abutting each other within the meaning of this disclosure if they are spaced less than 4 mm, preferably less than 3 mm, and more preferably less than 2 mm apart. Alternatively, the outer surface of the inner layer and the inner surface of the outer layer can be designed so that they only partially abut each other along their junction. This allows for the creation of cavities within the insulation system in the areas where the outer surface of the inner layer and the inner surface of the outer layer do not touch. For example, the outer surface of the inner layer can be profiled (bulged) and the inner surface of the outer layer flat. With such a design, ducts, pipes, or cables can be inserted into these cavities. The inner and outer layers of the insulation system described in this disclosure can, for example, be manufactured using CNC milling technology. Alternatively, the inner and / or outer layers can be manufactured using cutting processes such as laser or waterjet cutting. For the purposes of this disclosure, a container can, in principle, be any receptacle of any size and material. The receptacle may have open sides. The receptacle may, for example, be a steel shipping container (ISO container, ISO standard 668). The container wall to be insulated can be a side wall, the floor wall or the ceiling wall of the container. The surface area of ​​the container wall can refer to an area on the inside (facing into the container) or on the outside (facing outwards) of the container wall to be insulated. The surface area of ​​the container wall can extend over the entire container wall to be insulated or cover only specific areas of the container wall to be insulated. A container according to the present disclosure can have an insulation system on only one wall, on several walls or on all walls (sides, floor, ceiling), wherein the insulation system can cover the whole wall or only parts thereof. The method for manufacturing a container comprises the step of providing a container having a container wall with a surface area. The method further comprises the step of manufacturing an inner layer, at least partially made of thermal insulation material. The inner layer has an inner surface designed to be bonded to the surface area. The inner layer has an outer surface opposite the inner surface. The method further comprises the step of manufacturing an outer layer and the step of detachably connecting the outer layer to the outer surface of the inner layer by means of at least one connecting element. The method further comprises the step of bonding, preferably by gluing, the inner surface of the inner layer to the surface area of ​​the container wall.The step of detachably connecting the outer layer to the inner layer by means of at least one connecting element can take place either before or after the step of connecting, preferably bonding, the inner layer to the surface area of ​​the container wall. This provides a high degree of flexibility in the installation of the insulation system on the container. Furthermore, the invention is based on the idea of ​​providing a container in which the thermal insulation can be easily and safely applied and in which the connecting elements required for the detachable connection between the inner layer and the outer layer can be provided cost-effectively and precisely. In the container or insulation system according to the invention, the detachable connection is established between the inner and outer layers of the insulation system. The detachable connection is thus realized entirely within the insulation system and not partially through elements located outside of it (such as studs or threaded sleeves welded to a steel container). The inner and outer layers of the insulation system can be manufactured precisely with similar, relatively tight machine tolerances. These tight tolerances allow the connecting elements (such as threaded sleeves, screws, and through holes) for joining the outer and inner layers to be precisely matched, thereby ensuring a high degree of dimensional accuracy.Such precise coordination is not possible with connecting elements that are partially attached to a container (welded to a steel container) (such as studs, threaded sleeves) or can only be achieved with great effort and expense. Furthermore, in the container or insulation system according to the invention, outer layers with various technical functions can be provided and replaced. For example, outer layers with technical properties other than thermal insulation, such as surfaces with a low radar cross-section or ballistic protection, can be quickly and precisely attached / replaced. According to an exemplary embodiment of the insulation system, the inner layer has a plate-shaped body and a projection extending outwards from the plate-shaped body. The inner surface of the inner layer is formed partly by the plate-shaped body and partly by the projection. In this embodiment, the shape of the inner surface of the inner layer can be adapted to the shape of the wall (surface area) of a container to be insulated by means of one or more projections. In particular, the shape of the inner surface of the inner layer can be adapted to a substantially flat surface area with one or more depressions (recessed area, indented area). The one or more depressions can each be several millimeters deep, for example, more than 5 mm, more than 10 mm, or more than 15 mm. The projection (raised area, elevation, attachment) or the multiple projections of the inner layer are designed to extend into the one or more depressions of the surface area of ​​the container wall.In this way, the inner surface of the inner layer and the surface area of ​​the container wall can be connected so that they abut each other along the entire area where they meet. Two layers abut each other within the meaning of this disclosure if they are spaced apart by less than 4 mm, preferably less than 3 mm, and more preferably less than 2 mm. The inner surface of the inner layer is formed partly from the one or more projections and partly from the plate-shaped body. In this embodiment, the inner layer can have a crenellated profile. Several projections can be arranged at regular or irregular intervals distributed on the plate-shaped body.The projections can extend across the entire width or the entire height of the plate-shaped body, i.e., from one edge of the plate-shaped body to the opposite edge of the plate-shaped body. The projection can have a cross-sectional shape (section perpendicular to the projection's longitudinal direction), for example, rectangular or trapezoidal. Multiple projections can have the same cross-sectional shape or different shapes. The projection's cross-sectional shape can change. Several projections can be arranged so that they overlap. The projection can have a maximum height of more than 15 mm, more than 10 mm, or more than 5 mm in cross-section. These dimensions are adapted to common shapes of recesses on surface areas of container walls. According to an exemplary embodiment of the insulation system, the projection is designed as a separate molded part that is connected, preferably bonded, to the plate-shaped body. An inner layer in which the projections are designed as separate molded parts has the advantage that it is easier to manufacture than a one-piece design of the inner layer. For example, the projection can be bonded to the plate-shaped body. According to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, adhesives with the following properties can be used to bond the projection to the plate-shaped body: high strength (absorption of normal and shear forces), ability to compensate for unevenness of the substrate (up to 5 mm), retention of residual elasticity / toughness to accommodate deformations, and fast curing. For example, the elastic adhesive and sealant "Sikaflex - 11 FC Purform" from Sika Deutschland GmbH (product data sheet dated July 2022, version 04.03) can be used as an adhesive to bond the projection to the plate-shaped body. The adhesive layer between the protrusion and the plate-shaped body can have a leveling function. Tolerance compensation can be achieved with this adhesive layer. By providing a protrusion and / or an adhesive layer, it is possible to ensure that the inner layer and the corresponding container wall abut each other. The material of the projection can differ from the material of the plate-shaped body. The inner layer can have several projections that extend outwards from the plate-like body. These projections can be identical in shape, dimensions, and material, or they can differ from one another. According to an exemplary embodiment of the insulation system, the connecting element has a threaded screw, a mating thread, and a through hole. The mating thread is located at least partially within the inner layer and is accessible from the outside of the inner layer. The mating thread can be provided, for example, in a nut or threaded hole (internal thread in a hole) or as a threaded sleeve. The following section explains the example of a threaded sleeve in more detail. It is clear to those skilled in the art that the explanations can be applied equally to comparable elements such as a nut. The threaded sleeve can be positioned in the center of the inner layer at a distance from the outer edge of the inner layer. Alternatively, the threaded sleeve can also be positioned at the outer edge of the inner layer in such a way that portions of the threaded sleeve are exposed. The threaded sleeve can have a collar. The collar increases the contact area with the (softer) material of the inner layer, thereby increasing the maximum retention force of the threaded sleeve by the material of the inner layer. The collar of the threaded sleeve can be disc-shaped and have an outer diameter which, according to an exemplary embodiment, is at least 5 x Di, preferably at least 10 x Di, where Di is the diameter of the internal thread.The inner layer may contain a blind hole in which the threaded sleeve is (fully) positioned. The threaded sleeve may be connected to the bottom of the blind hole, for example, by gluing. Alternatively, the threaded sleeve may be positioned in the inner layer in such a way that it is at least partially embedded in the material of the inner layer. In this case, the threaded sleeve is held in position by the material of the inner layer. The through-hole extends through the outer layer. The screw passes through the through-hole and is connected to the mating thread (e.g., threaded sleeve). It is clear to the expert that instead of the screw and threaded sleeve, comparable elements that allow for a detachable connection can also be used. For example, a bayonet locking mechanism can also be employed. According to one exemplary embodiment, the inner layer has a cover layer. The cover layer holds the mating thread in position. The mating thread can, for example, be provided in a rivet nut that is connected (riveted) to the cover layer. The cover layer can be arranged such that it forms at least the outer surface of the inner layer in certain areas. In this embodiment, the mating thread is held in position by means of an additional layer (cover layer) of the inner layer. This additional layer can be made of, for example, metal (e.g., aluminum, steel) or plastic (e.g., plastics, fiberglass composites, ceramics, carbon fiber composites). The additional layer can, for example, be a thin layer of metal (sheet metal), and the mating thread can, for example, be formed in a rivet nut. The rivet nut can be connected to the thin metal layer in such a way that the thin metal layer holds the rivet nut in position. Naturally, several rivet nuts can be held in position by the thin metal layer. The thin metal layer is firmly bonded to the thermal insulation material of the inner layer, for example, by adhesive. The thin metal layer can also be foamed on one side as thermal insulation material. This design allows for precise alignment of the rivet nut positions (mother threads) with the through holes in the outer layer. Furthermore, it ensures a secure hold for the rivet nuts (mother threads). According to an exemplary embodiment of the insulation system, the inner layer has a plate-shaped body and a projection. The connecting element comprises a threaded screw, a mating thread (e.g., threaded sleeve), and first and second through holes. The mating thread (e.g., threaded sleeve) is located in the projection. The first through hole extends through the outer layer. The second through hole extends through the plate-shaped body. The screw passes through the first and second through holes and engages with the mating thread (threaded sleeve). Such an embodiment, in which the mating thread (e.g., threaded sleeve) is arranged in a projection and in which the projection can be designed as a separate molded part, has the advantage of being easy to manufacture. According to a preferred embodiment of the container, the inside of the inner layer is permanently or only conditionally detachably connected to the surface area of ​​the container wall. According to an exemplary embodiment of the container, the inner surface of the inner layer is bonded to the surface of the container wall. In this embodiment, no elements such as studs or threaded sleeves welded to the insulating container wall are necessary for attaching the thermal insulation, as are known from the prior art for a detachable connection of insulating panels. With the container according to the invention, the multi-layered thermal insulation can thus be attached to the container wall without significant effort and without welding elements such as studs or threaded sleeves. At the same time, with the container according to the invention, the outer layer of the insulation system can be separated from the inner layer of the insulation system without damage. This ensures the simple and non-destructive replacement of the outer layer.For bonding the inner surface of the inner layer to the surface area of ​​the container wall, adhesives with the following properties can be used according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure: high strength (absorption of normal and shear forces), ability to compensate for unevenness of the substrate (up to 5 mm), retention of residual elasticity / toughness to accommodate deformations, and fast curing. For example, the elastic adhesive and sealant "Sikaflex - 11 FC Purform" from Sika Deutschland GmbH (product data sheet dated July 2022, version 04.03) can be used as an adhesive for bonding the inner surface of the inner layer to the surface area of ​​the container wall. Brief description of the drawings Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are described and explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Fig. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of an insulating system according to the present disclosure from a top-down oblique view. Fig. 2 shows another exemplary embodiment of an insulating system according to the present disclosure from a top-down oblique view. Fig. 3 shows another exemplary embodiment of an insulating system according to the present disclosure in a sectional view. Fig. 4 shows another exemplary embodiment of an insulating system according to the present disclosure in a sectional view. Fig. 5 shows another exemplary embodiment of an insulating system according to the present disclosure in a sectional view. Fig. 6 shows another exemplary embodiment of an insulating system according to the present disclosure in a sectional view.Figures 7-9 show exemplary embodiments of a separate molded part which, when connected to a plate-shaped body, forms a projection 22. Figure 10 shows an exemplary embodiment of a container according to the present disclosure. Figure 11 shows a sectional view of the exemplary embodiment of the container shown in Figure 10. Detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention An exemplary embodiment of the insulation system according to the present disclosure is shown in Fig. 1. The insulation system 10 shown in Fig. 1 has an inner layer 20 and an outer layer 30. The outer layer 30 is detachably connected to the outside of the inner layer 20 by several connecting elements. The several connecting elements have screws 51 (not visible) and threaded sleeves 52. The outer layer 30 has a plate-shaped body with flat front and back surfaces. The inner layer 20 has a plate-shaped body 21 and several projections 22. The several projections 22 extend outwards from the plate-shaped body 21 in such a way that the inside (side visible in Fig. 1) of the inner layer 20 is formed partly by the plate-shaped body 21 and partly by the several projections 22 and has a crenellated profile. The insulation system 10 shown in Fig. 1 is a plate-shaped body 21 with a flat front and back surface.The insulation system shown is composed of several parts (rectangular panels). The several parts differ in size and meet in the area marked with a dashed line 130. Fig. 2 shows another exemplary embodiment of an insulating system according to the present disclosure. The insulating system corresponds essentially to the insulating system from Fig. 1. However, the projections 22 in Fig. 2 are designed as separate molded parts that are bonded to the plate-shaped body 21. And the outer layer 30 has several stacked and detachably connected layers 31, 32. Fig. 3 shows a sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of an insulating system according to the present disclosure. The sectional view passes through a screw 51 and a rivet nut 57 of the insulating system. The insulating system has an inner layer 20 and an outer layer 30. The inner layer 20 has a plate-shaped body 21. The plate-shaped body 21 has a cover layer 23. The outer surface AS of the inner layer 20 is formed by the cover layer 23. The inner layer 20 also has a projection 22 that extends outwards from the plate-shaped body 21. The projection 22 has a trapezoidal cross-section. The inner surface IS of the inner layer 20 is formed partly by the plate-shaped body 21 and partly by the projection 22. The projection 22 is bonded to the plate-shaped body 21 by a layer of adhesive 120. The layer of adhesive 120 is shown with a dashed line. The rivet nut 57 is firmly bonded (riveted) to the cover layer 23 of the inner layer 20. The rivet nut 57 is held in position by the cover layer 23. The outer layer 30 has a first layer 31 and a second layer 32 (top layer). The layers 31 and 32 can be permanently or detachably connected to each other. A through-hole 53 extends through the outer layer 30. The rivet nut 57 is positioned so that it is accessible from the plate-shaped body 21 via the through-hole. A screw 51 is connected to the rivet nut 57 and extends through the through-hole 53. The screw 51 detachably connects the outer layer 30 (layers 31 and 32) to the inner layer 20. The inner layer has a thickness of 200 mm. The outer layer has a thickness of 300 mm. Fig. 4 shows a sectional view of another exemplary embodiment of an insulating system according to the present disclosure. The sectional view passes through a screw 51 and a rivet nut 57 of the insulating system. The insulating system has an inner layer 20 and an outer layer 30. The inner layer 20 of the insulation system from Fig. 4 corresponds to the inner layer 20 of the insulation system from Fig. 3. However, the outer layer 30 of the insulation system in Fig. 4 differs from the outer layer of the insulation system in Fig. 3. The outer layer 30 has a first layer 31, a second layer 32 (top layer), and a third layer 33. The layers 31, 32, and 33 can be permanently or detachably connected to one another. A through-hole 53 extends through the outer layer 30. The rivet nut 57 is arranged so that it is accessible from the plate-shaped body 21 via the through-hole. A screw 51 is connected to the rivet nut 57 and passes through the through-hole 53. The screw 51 detachably connects the outer layer 30 (layers 31, 32, and 33) to the inner layer 20. A cover cap 58 protects the screw head against external environmental influences. Furthermore, a sealing ring (not shown) may be provided at the head end of the screw to prevent the ingress of moisture. Fig. 5 shows a sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of an insulating system according to the present disclosure. The sectional view extends through a screw 51 and a threaded sleeve 52 of the insulating system. The threaded sleeve 52 has a collar 54. The outer layer 30 has two detachably connected layers 31, 32. The inner layer 20 has a plate-shaped body 21 and a projection 22 that extends outwards from the plate-shaped body 21. The projection 22 has a trapezoidal cross-section. The inner surface IS of the inner layer 20 is formed partly by the plate-shaped body 21 and partly by the projection 22. A first through-hole 55 extends through the outer layer 30. A second through-hole 56 extends through the plate-shaped body 21.The threaded sleeve 52 is arranged in the projection 22 such that it is accessible from the plate-shaped body 21 via a through-hole. A screw 51 is connected to the threaded sleeve 52 and passes through the first and second through-holes 55, 56. The screw 51 detachably connects the outer layer 30 (layers 31, 32) to the inner layer 20. The projection 22 is connected to the plate-shaped body 21 by the adhesive 120. The inner layer has a thickness of 200. The outer layer has a thickness of 300. The threaded sleeve 52 is arranged in a blind hole in the projection 22. The threaded sleeve 52 can, for example, be bonded, (thermoplastically) welded, or positively locked to the bottom surface of the blind hole in the projection 22. The embodiment of Fig. 6 corresponds essentially to the embodiment of Fig. 5, but differs from Fig. 5 in that the threaded sleeve 52 is not arranged in a blind hole, but is almost completely surrounded by the material (e.g., insulating material) of the projection 22. No material from the projection is provided on the upper side of the threaded sleeve 52. The threaded sleeve is embedded (foamed in) into the material of the projection 22 in such a way that the threaded sleeve 52 is firmly connected to the projection 22. The threaded sleeve 52 can also be embedded (foamed in) into the material of the projection 22 in such a way that the upper side of the threaded sleeve 52 is covered with insulating material. Figs. 7-9 show exemplary embodiments of a separate molded part which, when connected to a plate-shaped body, forms a projection 22. Fig. 7 shows a molded part (projection 22) with a trapezoidal cross-section and maximum height H and maximum width B. Fig. 8 shows a molded part (projection 22) with a semi-oval cross-section and maximum height H and maximum width B. Fig. 9 shows a molded part (projection 22) with a rectangular cross-section and maximum height H and maximum width B. A threaded sleeve 52 is arranged (foamed in) in each of the molded parts in Figs. 7-9. Fig. 10 shows an exemplary embodiment of a container 90 according to the present disclosure. The container 90 has the shape of a cuboid. An insulating system 10 according to the present disclosure is attached to a wall 91 of the container 90. The insulating system 10 has an inner layer 20 and an outer layer 30. The inner layer 20 has a plate-shaped body 21 and several projections 22 that extend outwards from the plate-shaped body 21. The outer layer has two layers 31, 32. The inner layer 20 is connected to a surface area 92 (not visible) of the wall 91. The outer layer 30 is detachably connected to the inner layer 20 by screws 51. Fig. 11 shows a sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of the container shown in Fig. 10. The inner surface IS of the inner layer 20 of the insulation system 10 is bonded to a surface area 92 of the container wall 91 by an adhesive 110. The surface area 92 has a flat surface with inwardly directed depressions 93. The depressions 93 have a trapezoidal cross-section. The inner layer 20 of the insulation system 10 is adapted to the surface area 92 of the container 90 such that the surface area 92 and the inner surface IS of the inner layer 20 are in contact over the entire area where the surface area 92 and the inner surface IS are opposite each other. The inner layer 20 has a plate-shaped body 21 and several projections 22 that extend outwards from the plate-shaped body 21. The projections 22 are bonded to the plate-shaped body 21 by the adhesive 120.The outer layer has two layers 31, 32. The outer layer 30 is detachably connected to the inner layer 20 by the screw 51. The connecting element shown in Fig. 11 corresponds to the connecting element described in Fig. 5, in which a screw is attached to a threaded sleeve, the threaded sleeve being arranged in a blind hole (blind bore). It is clear to those skilled in the art that the connecting elements described in Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 6 could also be used. Commercial applicability With reference to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, an exemplary embodiment of the method for manufacturing an insulation system according to the present disclosure is described. First, the projection 22 is manufactured as a separate molded part, as shown in Fig. 3. For this purpose, the molded part 22 can, for example, be machined from a prefabricated block or sheet of insulating material using CNC milling technology. Of course, other methods known to those skilled in the art can be used to manufacture the molded part 22. The molded part 22 is shaped to correspond to a container wall to be insulated. Or more precisely: the projections 22 are shaped to correspond to the depressions (recessed areas, dented areas) in the container wall to be insulated. Thus, the projections are, for example, elongated parts with a trapezoidal cross-section that extend over the entire height of a container side wall. A threaded sleeve 52 is provided in the molded part 22. The threaded sleeve 52 can be arranged in a blind hole (blind bore) in the molded part 22, as shown in Fig. 5.The blind hole can either be pre-machined into the CNC-milled component 22 or drilled into the CNC-milled component afterward. To ensure the threaded sleeve 52 is firmly positioned in the blind hole, it can be bonded to the component 22 at the bottom of the blind hole. A bore is machined into the component such that the mating thread (internal thread) of the threaded sleeve 52 is accessible from the outside of the projection 22, which is connected to the plate-shaped body 21. This bore can either be pre-machined into the component 22 using CNC milling or drilled into the component afterward. Alternatively, the projection 22 with the threaded sleeve 52 can be produced by encasing the threaded sleeve 52 in thermal insulation material. The threaded sleeve 52 is held in position by the thermal insulation material and does not require additional bonding. The projection 22 is produced by shaping the thermal insulation foam and subsequently allowing the foam to cure. In the next step, the plate-shaped body 21 is manufactured from thermal insulation material. This can also be done using CNC milling technology. In some cases, prefabricated insulation panels can also be used, as the plate-shaped body 21 can be a panel in readily available standard dimensions that can be easily purchased. A second through-hole 56 is drilled into the plate-shaped body 21. The diameter of the second through-hole 56 corresponds essentially to the diameter of the hole extending through the projection 22 to the threaded sleeve 52. The second through-hole 56 can, for example, be drilled into a prefabricated insulation panel. Then, the projection 22 is bonded to the plate-shaped body 21 in such a way that the first through-hole 56 is centered on the threaded sleeve 52, or rather, on the hole extending through the projection 22 to the threaded sleeve 52.The inner layer 20 of the insulating layer 10 is now complete. In the next step, an outer layer 30 is provided. Depending on the type and number of layers 31 and 32 of the outer layer 30, different manufacturing processes are used or different prefabricated layers are employed. For example, layer 31 is a layer of insulating material and is provided as a prefabricated insulating panel. Layer 32 can be a layer of metal (e.g., aluminum, various types of steel) or plastics (e.g., GRP, carbon fiber composite, plastics) that protects the insulation system from the elements. A through-hole is drilled into each layer of the outer layer 30. Together, the through-holes of the layers of the outer layer 30 form the first through-hole 55, which extends through the entire outer layer 30. The diameter of the first through-hole 55 essentially corresponds to the diameter of the second through-hole 56.the bore extending through the projection 22 to the threaded sleeve 52. The first through-hole can, for example, be drilled into a prefabricated insulating panel. Finally, the outer layer 30 is detachably connected to the inner layer 20 by means of the screw 51. The first through-hole 55 is aligned centrally with the second through-hole 56. The layers 31 and 32 of the outer layer 30 can optionally be bonded together or not. With reference to Fig. 11, the method for manufacturing a container 90 according to the present disclosure will now be described. First, an insulation system 10 is provided. The projections 22 of the inner layer 20 are manufactured, as described above, e.g., as separate molded parts using CNC milling technology, and then bonded to the plate-shaped body 21 to form the inner layer 20. The shape of the projections 22 (of the separately manufactured molded parts) is formed according to the surface area 92 of the container wall 91 to be insulated. That is, the projections 22 are shaped so that they correspond to the depressions 93 (recessed areas, dented areas) of the surface area 92 of the container wall 91 to be insulated. By matching the shape of the inner surface IS of the inner layer 20 with the surface area 92 of the container wall 91, the inner surface IS of the inner wall 20 rests against the surface area 92 of the container wall 91.The distance between the surface area 92 and the inner surface IS of the inner layer 20 is less than 4 mm, preferably less than 3 mm, and more preferably less than 2 mm, along the entire area where the surface area 92 and the inner surface IS are opposite each other. Tolerance compensation can be achieved by the shape of the projections and by the adhesive layer between the projections and the plate-shaped body of the inner layer. The insulation system 10 is attached to the surface area 92 of the container wall 91 using the adhesive 110. Adhesives capable of compensating for unevenness of up to 5 mm are used to bond the insulation system 10 to the surface area 92 of the container wall 91. Just as the adhesive layer between the projection and the plate-shaped body can have a leveling function, so too can tolerance compensation be achieved with this adhesive layer. The insulation system 10 can either be fully assembled first and then glued to the container wall 91 as a complete unit, or the inner layer 20 can first be glued to the container wall 91 and then the outer layer 30 can be detachably connected to the inner layer 20, which is already glued to the container wall, by means of at least one connecting element. The terms “approximately”, “about”, “circa”, “essentially”, or “generally”, used herein in connection with a measurable value such as a parameter, quantity, shape, duration, or the like, include deviations or fluctuations of ± 10% or less, preferably ± 5% or less, more preferably ± 1% or less, and more preferably ± 0.1% of the respective value, provided that such deviations are still technically reasonable in the practical application of the disclosed invention. It is expressly stated that the value to which the term “approximately” refers is expressly and specifically disclosed. The specification of ranges by initial and final values ​​includes all those values ​​and fractions of these values ​​that are encompassed by the respective range, as well as its initial and final values. It is explicitly stated that all features disclosed in the description and / or the claims are intended to be disclosed separately and independently of one another, both for the purpose of the original disclosure and for the purpose of limiting the claimed invention, irrespective of the combination of features in the embodiments and / or the claims. It is explicitly stated that all ranges of values ​​or specifications of groups of objects disclose every possible intermediate value or every possible object in between, both for the purpose of the original disclosure and for the purpose of limiting the claimed invention, in particular for determining the limits of value ranges. Reference symbol list 10 Insulation system 20 Inner layer 21 Plate-shaped body 22 Projection (raised area, elevation, boss) 23 Cover layer 30 Outer layer 31, 32, 33 Layers of outer layer 51 Screw 52 Threaded sleeve 53 Through hole 54 Collar of threaded sleeve 55 First through hole 56 Second through hole 57 Nut (rivet nut) 58 Cover cap 90 Container 91 Container wall 92 Surface area of ​​container wall 93 Recess (depressed area, dented area) 110 Adhesive (between the surface area and the inside of the inner layer) 120 Adhesive (between the molded part and the plate-shaped body) 200 Thickness of inner layer 300 Thickness of outer layer IS Inside of inner layer AS Outside of inner layer H Maximum height of projection B Maximum width of projection QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature US 2022 / 0018118 A1

[0007] US 5,706,614 A1

[0007] DE 102 01 362 C1

[0007] US 2017 / 0130475 A1

[0007] US 2015 / 0336732A1

[0007] US 2019 / 0168959 A1

[0007] DE 20 2023 105 091 U1

[0007] DE 10 2018 220 046 A1

[0007] KR 20-0172590

[0007] US 2005 / 0205584 A1

[0007] WO 99 / 57038 A1

[0007] WO 2018 / 165568 A1

[0007] Cited non-patent literature ISO standard 668 [0002, 0031]

Claims

Insulation system (10) for thermal insulation of walls, in particular walls (91) of a steel container (90), comprising: - an inner layer (20) comprising: i. a thermal insulation material, ii. an inner side (IS) shaped according to a container wall (91) to be insulated, and iii. an outer side (AS) opposite the inner side (IS), and - an outer layer (30) detachably connected to the outer side (AS) of the inner layer (20) by a connecting element (51, 52). Insulation system (10) according to claim 1, wherein the inner layer (20) further comprises: - a substantially plate-shaped body (21), and - a projection (22) which extends outwards from the substantially plate-shaped body (21), wherein the inner side (IS) of the inner layer (20) is formed partly by the substantially plate-shaped body (21) and partly by the projection (22). Insulation system (10) according to claim 2, wherein the projection (22) is an elongated body whose cross-sectional shape is adapted to the container wall (91) to be insulated such that the projection (22) fills a recess (93) in the container wall (91) and is, for example, rectangular or trapezoidal or semi-oval in cross-section. Insulation system (10) according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the projection (22) is formed as a separate molded part which is connected, preferably bonded, to the plate-shaped body (21). Insulation system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the connecting element (51, 52) comprises: - a screw (51) with a thread, - a mating thread which is arranged at least partially in the inner layer (20) and is accessible from the outside (AS) of the inner layer (20), and - a through hole (53) which extends through the outer layer (30), wherein the screw (51) passes through the through hole (53) and the thread of the screw (51) is screwed to the mating thread (52). Insulation system (10) according to claim 5, wherein the mating thread is provided in a nut (57), a threaded bore and / or a threaded sleeve (52). Insulation system (10) according to one of claims 5 - 6, wherein the inner layer (20) has a cover layer (23) which holds the mating thread in position. Insulation system (10) according to claim 7, wherein the mating thread is provided in a rivet nut which is attached to the cover layer (23). Insulation system (10) according to one of claims 5 - 6, insofar as related back to claim 2, wherein the connecting element (51, 52) comprises: - a mating thread which is arranged in the projection (22) and is accessible from the plate-shaped body (21), - a first through-hole (55) which extends through the outer layer (30), and - a second through-hole (56) which extends through the plate-shaped body (21), - wherein the screw (51) extends through the first and second through-holes (55, 56) and the screw (51) is screwed into the mating thread (52). Insulation system (10) according to claim 9, comprising several connecting elements (51, 52) and several projections (22), wherein the several connecting elements (51, 52) each have a threaded sleeve (52) and each threaded sleeve (52) is arranged in a projection (22). Insulation system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the outer layer (30) comprises several stacked and detachably connected layers (31, 32). Container (90), in particular steel container, comprising: - a container wall (91) having at least one surface area (92), and - an insulation system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the inner side (IS) of the inner layer (20) of the insulation system (10) is connected, preferably bonded, to the at least one surface area (92) of the container wall (91). Container (90) according to claim 12, wherein the surface area (92) has a substantially flat surface with a recess (93), and the inner layer (20) of the insulation system (10) is adapted to the surface area (92) of the container (90) such that a projection (22) of the inner layer (20) extends into the recess (93) and the distance between the surface area (92) and the inner side (IS) of the inner layer (20) along the entire area where the surface area (92) and the inner side (IS) are opposite each other is less than 4 mm, preferably less than 3 mm, and more preferably less than 2 mm. Container (90) according to one of claims 12 - 13, wherein the surface area (92) has several depressions (93) and the inner layer (20) has several projections (22), each projection (22) extending into one of the several depressions (93). Method for manufacturing an insulation system (10) for thermal insulation of walls, in particular walls (91) of a steel container (90), comprising the following steps: - Manufacturing an inner layer (20) at least partly from thermal insulation material, wherein the inner layer (20) has an inner side (IS) shaped according to a container wall (91) to be insulated and an outer side (AS) opposite the inner side (IS), - Manufacturing an outer layer (30), and - Detachably connecting the outer layer (30) to the inner layer (20) by means of at least one connecting element (51, 52). Method according to claim 15, wherein the step of producing the inner layer (20) comprises: - manufacturing a molded part at least partly from heat insulating material, - manufacturing a plate-shaped body (21) at least partly from heat insulating material, and - joining, preferably bonding, the molded part to the plate-shaped body (21) such that the molded part forms a projection (22) on the plate-shaped body (21). Method according to claim 15 or 16, wherein the step of releasably connecting the outer layer (30) to the inner layer (20) by means of at least one connecting element (51, 52) comprises the following steps: - providing a mating thread, for example a threaded sleeve (52), at least partially in the inner layer (20) such that it is accessible from the outside (AS) of the inner layer (IS), - providing a through hole (53) in the outer layer (30), and - attaching a screw to the mating thread, wherein the screw (51) passes through the through hole (53). Method according to claim 17, wherein the step of releasably connecting the outer layer (30) to the inner layer (20) by means of at least one connecting element (51, 52) comprises: - providing an inner layer (20) with a cover layer (23), - providing at least one rivet nut (57), and - connecting the at least one rivet nut (57) to the cover layer (23) such that the cover layer (23) holds the at least one rivet nut (57) in position. The method of claim 17, insofar as it relates back to claim 16, wherein the step of releasably connecting the outer layer (30) to the inner layer (20) by means of at least one connecting element (51, 52) comprises: - providing a mating thread, for example a threaded sleeve (52), in the molded part such that the threaded sleeve (52) is accessible from the outside, - providing a first through-hole (55) in the outer layer (30), - providing a second through-hole (56) in the plate-shaped body (21), and - attaching a screw to the mating thread, for example the threaded sleeve (52), wherein the screw (51) passes through the first and second through-holes (55, 56). Method according to one of claims 15 - 19, wherein the step of producing the outer layer (20) comprises: stacking several layers (31, 32) which are preferably detachably connected to each other. Method for manufacturing a container comprising the following steps: - Providing a container (90) having a container wall (91) with a surface area (92), - Manufacturing an inner layer (20) at least partially from thermal insulation material, wherein the inner layer (20) has an inner side (IS) shaped to correspond to the surface area (92) and an outer side (AS) opposite the inner side (IS), - Manufacturing an outer layer (30), - Detachably connecting the outer layer (30) to the outer side (AS) of the inner layer (20) by means of at least one connecting element, and - Connecting, preferably bonding, the inner layer (20) to the surface area (92) of the container wall (91).

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