Drive system for a vehicle with multiple drive axles

Abstract

A drive unit (10) for a vehicle with multiple drive axles comprises a drive motor (11) which is mechanically connected to a main gearbox (50) for inputting a drive force. The main gearbox (50) is mechanically connected to a secondary gearbox (60) for transmitting the drive force. The secondary gearbox (60) is mechanically connected to a distribution unit (70) for transmitting the drive force. The distribution unit (70) is configured to divide the drive force between a first central output element (21) and a second central output element (22). The first central output element (21) is mechanically connected to a first portal gearbox (30). The second central output element (22) is mechanically connected to a second portal gearbox (40). A first portal output element (33) is arranged offset in one direction from a rotational axis of the first central output element (21).A second portal exit element (43) is arranged offset in one direction to a rotation axis of the second central exit element (22).

Description

Technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to a drive device for a vehicle with multiple drive axles and a vehicle with a drive device. State of the art

[0002] Drive systems for vehicles with multiple driven axles are known. Sufficient ground clearance is a characteristic of vehicles with multiple drive axles. To provide sufficient ground clearance, the drive system requires adequate installation space within the vehicle. Furthermore, a specific drive characteristic is important for the energy-efficient operation of the drive system. Description of the invention

[0003] The present invention is based on the objective of providing an improved drive system for a vehicle with multiple drive axles, which has a small installation space and improved drive characteristics.

[0004] The problem is solved with a drive device having the features of claim 1. Advantageous further developments are the subject of the dependent claims.

[0005] In its first aspect, a drive system for a vehicle with multiple drive axles comprises a drive motor, a main gearbox, a secondary gearbox, a distribution unit, a first portal gearbox, and a second portal gearbox. The distribution unit is configured to split the drive force between a first central output element and a second central output element. The secondary gearbox is mechanically connected to the distribution unit for transmitting the drive force. The main gearbox is mechanically connected to the secondary gearbox for transmitting the drive force. The drive motor, for example, a first drive motor, is mechanically connected to the main gearbox for inputting a drive force. The first portal gearbox has a first portal output element configured to deliver the drive force to a first drive axle.The first central output element is mechanically connected to the first portal gear unit. The second portal gear unit has a second portal output element, which is configured to transmit the drive force to a second drive axis. The second central output element is mechanically connected to the second portal gear unit. The first portal output element is offset in one direction from a rotational axis of the first central output element. The second portal output element is also offset in one direction from a rotational axis of the second central output element.

[0006] The radial positions of the first portal exit element and the second portal exit element can also be offset from each other; for example, the first portal exit element can be located at the front bottom left of the machine, while the second portal exit element is located at the rear bottom right.

[0007] The direction can be defined by gravity. The respective portal exit element can be offset downwards in the direction of gravity relative to the respective central exit element. The direction can be transverse. The transverse direction can be perpendicular to a travel direction and perpendicular to the direction of gravity. The travel direction can be longitudinal. The respective portal exit element can be offset downwards in the direction of gravity and in the transverse direction relative to the respective central exit element. Therefore, the first portal drive and the second portal drive can each provide an offset direction and offset distance. The first portal drive and the second portal drive can provide the same offset direction and offset distance.

[0008] If two elements are mechanically connected, they are coupled to each other directly or indirectly in such a way that a movement of one element causes a reaction of the other. For example, a mechanical connection can be provided by a positive-locking or friction-locking connection. The mechanical connection can correspond to the meshing of corresponding gear teeth on the two elements. Further elements, such as one or more spur gear stages, can be provided between the elements. A permanently rotationally fixed connection between two elements, on the other hand, is understood to be a connection in which the two elements are rigidly coupled to each other in all intended states of the transmission. The elements can be individual components rigidly connected to each other or even as a single piece.However, a switching element, such as a clutch or brake, can be used to selectively establish or break a rotationally fixed connection between two elements.

[0009] The drive machine can be a first drive machine. The first drive machine can be an electric motor. The electric motor can have a rotor and a stator. The first drive machine can provide a driving force. The driving force can be a force that moves the vehicle in a direction of travel. The driving force can be provided, for example, by a torque and rotational speed of the first drive machine. The first drive machine, for example, the rotor, can be rotationally fixed to an input element of the main transmission.

[0010] The drive unit can comprise a drive housing and two portal housings. At least one of the drive housings and each of the portal housings can be a stationary component. The first drive motor, the main gearbox, the secondary gearbox, and the distribution unit can be housed together in the drive housing. This allows for a compact drive unit. The first portal gearbox and the second portal gearbox can each be housed in a separate portal housing. The two portal housings can be axially attached to the drive housing on both sides, for example, by means of bolted connections. The respective portal output element can be offset from the respective central output element in the offset direction such that a bottom surface of the drive housing is aligned with a bottom surface of at least one of the portal housings.The respective portal exit element can be arranged offset from the respective central exit element in the offset direction such that a bottom side of at least one of the portal housings projects downwards over a bottom side of the drive housing in the direction of gravity.

[0011] A drive axle can be configured to propel the vehicle in a direction of travel. Two drive wheels can be driven laterally via the drive axle, located on opposite sides of the axle. The drive wheels can be in contact with a surface on which the vehicle can move. A drive axle can be formed by a pivot axis, for example, by a pivot shaft of an axle assembly. In addition to the pivot shaft, the axle assembly can include the drive wheels, a wheel suspension, a wheel hub, and the like. At least one of the drive axles can be arranged offset downwards in the direction of gravity relative to the pivot axis of both the portal exit elements and the central exit elements.

[0012] The main gearbox can provide several selectable gear ratios, for example, three. A gear ratio can be formed by a fixed gear ratio of a transmission, such as the main gearbox. This can be a gear ratio from an input element of the gearbox to an output element of the gearbox. A gear ratio can, for example, have the value 1. A gear ratio of the gearbox can, for example, have a value greater than 1 or less than 1, whereby the rotational speed of the output element is reduced or increased relative to the rotational speed of the input element. An output element of the main gearbox can be rotationally fixed to an input element of the secondary gearbox.

[0013] The auxiliary transmission can provide several, for example two, selectable gear ratios. This allows for high tractive effort and high speed to propel the vehicle. In particular, it eliminates the need for transmission units, for example between the drive axles and the output elements. The auxiliary transmission can include at least one spur gear set and one planetary gear set. An output element of the auxiliary transmission can be rotationally fixed to an input element of the transfer case.

[0014] The distribution device can be formed by a longitudinal differential. The distribution device can include at least one spur gear set and one planetary gear set. The distribution device can include a switching device for engaging a drive axle, for example, a front axle, with a permanently driven axle, for example, a rear axle. The distribution device can be mechanically connected to the driven front axle via the first central output element. The distribution device can be mechanically connected to the driven rear axle via the second central output element. At least one of the distribution device, the second central output element, and a distribution switching element can be arranged axially in the same plane as the second portal gear.

[0015] A first output element of the distribution device can be rotationally fixed to the first central output element. A second output element of the distribution device can be rotationally fixed to the second central output element. The distribution device can have the first central output element and the second central output element each as a single output element. The first central output element can be rotationally fixed to an input element of the first portal gear unit. The second central output element can be rotationally fixed to an input element of the second portal gear unit.

[0016] The first portal gearbox can have a first input gear and a first output gear. The second portal gearbox can have a second input gear and a second output gear. Each of the portal output gears can have a gear ratio greater than 1, for example, greater than 2. The respective output gear can have a larger number of teeth than the respective input gear. The respective input gear can mesh with the respective output gear. The respective input gear can be rotationally fixed to the respective central output element. The respective input gear can form an input element of the respective portal gearbox. The respective input gear can be arranged coaxially with the respective central output element. The respective input gear can be formed by the respective central output element.The respective output gear can be rotationally fixed to the respective portal output element. The respective output gear can form the respective portal output element. The first portal output element can be arranged coaxially with the second portal output element. The first portal output element can be designed to be longitudinally symmetrical with respect to the second portal output element.

[0017] The offset portal exit elements allow for high ground clearance, enabling a compact design.

[0018] At least one of the first and second portal gear units can have a spur gear drive. The axes of rotation of the respective portal output element and the respective central output element can be arranged parallel to each other. The respective input gear and the respective output gear can each be formed by a spur gear. One of the spur gears can have external teeth. All of the spur gears can have external teeth. One of the spur gears can be designed as a ring gear. The respective input gear can be designed as a ring gear. The ring gear can have internal teeth. The first output gear and the second output gear can each be formed by a ring gear.

[0019] At least one of the first and second portal gearboxes can incorporate a bevel gear drive. The respective input and output gears can each have beveloid teeth. The axis of rotation of the respective portal output element can be inclined downwards in the direction of gravity relative to the axis of rotation of the respective central output element. The axis of rotation of the respective portal output element can be aligned with the axis of rotation of a respective transmission element, for example, a driveshaft. This allows for a small articulation angle between the respective transmission element and the respective portal output element. This ensures smooth rotation of the respective transmission element and also contributes to a long service life for the transmission elements.

[0020] In one embodiment of the drive unit, the first portal gear and the second portal gear can be arranged on opposite sides of the drive machine in the longitudinal direction. The first portal gear and the second portal gear can be longitudinally symmetrical to each other. The first portal gear and the second portal gear can have at least one identical output gear ratio, identical gear type, identical offset direction, and identical gear construction.

[0021] In one embodiment of the drive unit, the distribution unit can be configured as a switching device for establishing a mechanical connection between an output element of the downstream transmission and at least one of the first and second central output elements. The switching device can be formed by the distribution switching element. The switching device can include a sliding sleeve. The first central output element can be rotationally fixed to the second central output element via the sliding sleeve. The second central output element can, for example, be permanently mechanically operatively connected or rotationally fixed to the output element of the downstream transmission. Thus, for example, a driven rear axle can be permanently mechanically operatively connected to the first drive motor via the second central output element, and a driven front axle can be engaged.

[0022] In one embodiment of the drive unit, the distribution unit can include a longitudinal differential. The longitudinal differential can be a bevel gear differential or a planetary gear differential. The longitudinal differential can be configured to distribute the drive force in a 1:1 or 50:50 ratio, or in another ratio. The longitudinal differential can be configured to distribute the drive force with a larger proportion to the rear axle and a smaller proportion to the front axle. A first output element of the longitudinal differential can be formed by the first central output element. A second output element of the longitudinal differential can be formed by the second central output element. The longitudinal differential can also have the first central output element and the second central output element each as a single output element.

[0023] In one embodiment of the drive device, the downstream transmission can comprise a spur gear set. The downstream transmission can, for example, have an input shaft and an output shaft, and a plurality, for example, two, of gear pairs, each with a fixed gear and a floating gear. Each of the fixed gears can be non-rotatably connected to, for example, one of the input and output shafts. Each of the floating gears can be non-rotatably connected to the other of the input and output shafts via a downstream element, for example, a sliding sleeve. Each gear pair can provide a selectable gear ratio. Selectable gear ratios of the downstream transmission can be set or selected via the downstream element. The downstream transmission can be formed by a reduction gear. The input shaft can form the input element of the downstream transmission.The output shaft can form the output element of the downstream gearbox.

[0024] In one embodiment of the drive unit, the downstream transmission can have a planetary gear set. The planetary gear set can have at least a first gear set element, a second gear set element, and a third gear set element. The first gear set element can be fixed to a stationary component, for example, a housing, via a downstream element. This allows for a gear ratio of less than 1, enabling a high maximum speed for the vehicle. The first gear set element can be rotationally fixed to a second gear set element via the downstream element. This allows for a continuous rotation, i.e., a gear ratio of 1, enabling high tractive force, for example, for accelerating the vehicle. The second gear set element can form the input element of the downstream transmission.The third wheelset element can be non-rotatably connected to the input element of the distribution device. The third wheelset element can form the output element of the downstream gearbox.

[0025] The planetary gear set can be configured as a negative planetary gear set. The second gear set element can be formed by a secondary planetary carrier, and the third gear set element can be formed by a secondary ring gear. Alternatively, the planetary gear set can be configured as a positive planetary gear set. The second gear set element can be formed by the secondary ring gear, and the third gear set element can be formed by the secondary planetary carrier.

[0026] The first gear set element can be a secondary sun gear. The planetary gear set can further comprise a number of secondary planetary pins and a number of secondary planetary gears. The secondary sun gear can be engaged with at least one of the secondary planetary gears. The secondary planetary gears can each be rotatably mounted on one of the secondary planetary pins. The secondary planetary pins can be connected to the secondary planetary carrier. One of the secondary planetary gears can be engaged with the secondary ring gear.

[0027] In one embodiment of the drive unit, the downstream gearbox can provide at least two switchable gear ratios. One of the gear ratios of the downstream gearbox can be selected via at least one pneumatic, hydraulic, and electric actuator.

[0028] The gear ratios of the secondary transmission can be selected via the secondary transmission element. The secondary transmission element can be actuated by an actuator, allowing a specific gear ratio to be selected. The actuator can be pneumatic, hydraulic, or electric. Selecting a selectable gear ratio or switching between selectable gear ratios, for example, a gear change of the secondary transmission, can occur while the vehicle is stationary or moving, or when there is no torque applied to the switching components, such as one of the gear pairs in a spur gear configuration, or via a power shift.

[0029] In one embodiment of the drive system, the drive system can include a longitudinal differential for driving drive wheels via at least one of the drive axles. The axle differential can be configured to distribute a drive force to two drive wheels of either the first or second drive axle. The axle differential can include at least one bevel gear differential and one planetary gear differential. The axle differential can include a differential lock. The distribution of the drive force can be load-dependent, for example, by using the differential lock. For instance, a small drive force can be transmitted to a drive wheel that is not in contact with the ground if a laterally opposite drive wheel on the same drive axle is in contact with the ground.A high driving force can be transmitted to the drive wheel, which is in contact with the ground.

[0030] The first portal drive can have a first portal output element, which is mechanically connected to the first drive axle via a first transmission element to output a drive force. The first transmission element can be a rotary shaft or a cardan shaft. The first portal output element can be a cardan shaft flange. The first portal output element can be a splined shaft or a toothed shaft. The first drive axle can be a front axle or a rear axle. The first drive axle can have multiple output elements, for example, two, such as drive wheels. The first drive axle can be a steerable drive axle.

[0031] The second portal drive can have a second portal output element, which is mechanically connected to the second drive axle via a second transmission element to output a drive force. The second transmission element can be a rotary shaft or a driveshaft. The second portal output element can be a driveshaft flange. The second portal output element can be a splined shaft or a toothed shaft. The second drive axle can be a front axle or a rear axle. The second drive axle can have multiple output elements, for example, two, such as drive wheels. The second drive axle can be a steerable drive axle.The drive unit can have four output elements, with two output elements being provided on the first drive axle, for example the front axle, and two output elements on the second drive axle, for example the rear axle.

[0032] This allows the joint angle of a transmission element, for example a driveshaft, to be small relative to the longitudinal direction.

[0033] In one embodiment of the drive unit, the drive unit can include a switchable second drive motor, which can be mechanically connected via a motor switching element to either a first input element or a second input element of the main gearbox for inputting a drive force. The switchable second drive motor can be an electric motor. The electric motor can have a stator and a rotor. The second drive motor can be arranged coaxially with the first drive motor. The rotor of the second drive motor can be connected via the motor switching element in a rotationally fixed manner to the rotor of the first drive motor and simultaneously to the first input element of the main gearbox. The rotor of the second drive motor can also be connected via the motor switching element in a rotationally fixed manner to a second input element of the main gearbox.

[0034] In a second aspect, a vehicle has a drive system according to one of the preceding embodiments. Further features, embodiments, and advantages of each are described in the first aspect. Conversely, features, embodiments, and advantages of the second aspect also represent features, embodiments, and advantages of the first aspect. The vehicle can be configured as an all-terrain utility vehicle, a special-purpose vehicle, a heavy-duty truck, a mobile crane, or a rough-terrain crane. The vehicle has four output elements configured to drive the vehicle, a first drive axle, and a second drive axle. Two of the output elements are driven by the first drive axle. The other two output elements are driven by the second drive axle. An output element can be configured as a wheel or a track.The vehicle can, for example, stand on a surface using the downforce elements.

[0035] The drive axles are advantageously designed as through-drive axles, so that six-wheel drives, eight-wheel drives and any multi-wheel drives can also be represented. Brief description of the characters Fig. Figure 1 shows a diagram of a drive system for a vehicle with multiple drive axles. Fig. Figure 2 shows a top view illustrating a schematic representation of another embodiment of the drive device. Fig. Figure 3 shows a top view illustrating a schematic representation of an embodiment of a vehicle with the drive unit. Detailed description of embodiments

[0036] Fig. Figure 1 shows a diagram of a drive unit 10 for a vehicle with multiple drive axles, in this case an all-terrain utility vehicle. The drive unit 10 comprises a first drive motor 11, a second drive motor 12, a first portal gearbox 30, a second portal gearbox 40, a main gearbox 50, a secondary gearbox 60, and a distribution unit 70. The first drive motor 11 and the second drive motor 12 are each formed by an electric motor.

[0037] The first portal gearbox 30 and the second portal gearbox 40 are each formed by a single-stage spur gearbox. The main gearbox 50 is formed by a 3-speed gearbox with two planetary gear sets arranged axially offset from each other. The secondary gearbox 60 has a further planetary gear set. The distribution unit 70 has a further planetary gear set.

[0038] The second drive motor 12 is non-rotatably connected to a sun gear of the right-hand planetary gear set of the main gearbox 50 via a motor switching element 84, in this case a sliding sleeve. The first drive motor 11 is non-rotatably connected to the sun gear of the left-hand planetary gear set. Thus, the first drive motor 11 and the second drive motor 12 are mechanically connected to the main gearbox 50 for the input of a drive force. Various transmission ratios of the main gearbox 50 can be selected via a main switching element 83. An output element, in this case a planet carrier of the right-hand planetary gear set, of the main gearbox 50 is non-rotatably connected to an input element, in this case a secondary planet carrier 62, of the secondary gearbox 60. Thus, the main gearbox 50 is mechanically connected to the secondary gearbox 60 for the transmission of the drive force.The main gearbox 50 is arranged in the axial direction between the second drive motor 12 and the secondary gearbox 60.

[0039] The secondary transmission 60 comprises a secondary sun gear 61, a secondary planetary carrier 62, a number of secondary planetary pins 63, a number of secondary planetary gears 64, and a secondary ring gear 65. The secondary sun gear 61 is engaged with the secondary planetary gears 64. Each of the secondary planetary gears 64 is rotatably mounted on a secondary planetary pin 63. Each of the secondary planetary pins 63 is connected to the secondary planetary carrier 62. The secondary planetary gears 64 are engaged with the secondary ring gear 65. An output element, in this case the secondary ring gear 65, of the secondary transmission 60 is rotationally fixed to an input element, in this case a planetary carrier, of the distribution device 70. Thus, the secondary transmission 60 is mechanically connected to the distribution device 70 for the transmission of the drive force.The secondary gearbox 60 is arranged in the axial direction between the main gearbox 50 and the distribution device 70.

[0040] The downstream sun gear 61 can be selectively connected in a rotationally fixed manner to either a stationary component 9, in this case a drive housing, or the downstream planetary gear carrier 62 via a downstream element 81. The downstream element 81 can be actuated by an electric motor actuator. A block rotation of the downstream gearbox 60 is provided via the connection of the downstream sun gear 61 to the downstream planetary gear carrier 62, for which the downstream gearbox 60 provides a gear ratio with the value 1 from the input element of the downstream gearbox 60 to the output element of the downstream gearbox 60. Via the connection of the downstream sun gear 61 to the stationary component 9, the downstream gearbox 60 provides a gear ratio with a value < 1 for energy-saving driving of the vehicle. Thus, the downstream gearbox 60 provides two switchable gear ratios.The drive unit 10 is designed to provide improved drive characteristics, for example high tractive force and yet a high maximum speed of the vehicle.

[0041] The distribution device 70 is formed by a longitudinal differential. The distribution device 70 comprises a planetary gear set. The distribution device 70 has a first central output element 21 and a second central output element 22, each as an output element. The first central output element 21 is rotationally fixed to a sun gear of the planetary gear set of the distribution device 70. The first central output element 21 extends from the sun gear in the axial direction through the secondary transmission 60, through the main transmission 50, through the first drive motor 11, and through the second drive motor 12 to the first portal gear 30 on a first side, in this case a front side in a direction of travel, of the drive housing. The second central output element 22 is rotationally fixed to a ring gear of the planetary gear set of the distribution device 70.The second central output element 22 extends axially from the ring gear to the second portal gear 40 on a second side, in this case a rear side in the direction of travel, of the drive unit 10. This enables the distribution unit 70 to divide the drive force. The planetary gear set of the distribution unit 70 is arranged axially between the downstream gear 60 and the second portal gear 40. In this configuration, the distribution unit 70 distributes the drive force to the first central output element 21 to a lesser extent and to the second central output element 22 to a greater extent. The first central output element 21 can be rotationally locked to the second central output element 22 via a distribution switching element 82 when the distribution switching element 82 is closed. Thus, the distribution switching element 82 provides a differential lock when it is closed.

[0042] The first drive motor 11, the second drive motor 12, the first central output element 21, the second central output element 22, the main gearbox 50, the secondary gearbox 60, and the distribution unit 70 are arranged coaxially to each other in the axial direction and together in the drive housing. The first central output element 21 extends through the drive housing to the first portal gearbox 30. The second central output element 22 extends through the drive housing to the second portal gearbox 40.

[0043] The first central output element 21 is rotationally fixed to an input element, in this case a first input gear 31, of the first portal gear 30. This mechanically connects the first central output element 21 to the first portal gear 30. The second central output element 22 is rotationally fixed to an input element, in this case a second input gear 41, of the second portal gear 40. This mechanically connects the second central output element 22 to the second portal gear 40.

[0044] The first portal gearbox 30 has a first portal output element 33, in this case a shaft flange. This allows the first portal output element 33 to transmit the drive force to a Fig. The first drive axle 91 shown in Figure 3 is installed. The second portal gearbox 40 has a second portal output element 43, in this case a shaft flange. This allows the second portal output element 43 to transmit the drive force to a Fig. Figure 3 shows a second drive axle 92. The first portal output element 33 is rotationally fixed to a first output gear 32 of the first portal drive 30. The second portal output element 43 is rotationally fixed to a second output gear 42 of the second portal drive 40. The respective input gear 31, 41 is engaged with the respective output gear 32, 42. The first drive axle 91 and the second drive axle 92 are each oriented in a transverse direction. The first drive axle 91, in this case a front axle, is arranged on the first side with respect to the drive unit 10. The second drive axle 92, in this case a rear axle, is arranged on the second side with respect to the drive unit 10.

[0045] The first portal exit element 33 and the second portal exit element 43 are each arranged offset in one direction, in this case downwards in the direction of gravity, from a rotation axis of the first central exit element 21 and the second central exit element 22, respectively. In this case, the first portal exit element 33 and the second portal exit element 43 are arranged parallel to the rotation axis of the first central exit element 21 and the second central exit element 22, respectively. The drive unit 10 is configured to provide high ground clearance.

[0046] Fig. Figure 2 shows a top view, under gravity from above, illustrating a schematic representation of a further embodiment of the drive device 10. The present embodiment has all the features of the previous embodiment. Fig. Figure 2 illustrates that the first drive motor 11, the second drive motor 12, the first central output element 21, the second central output element 22, the main gearbox 50, the secondary gearbox 60, and the distribution device 70 are aligned coaxially with each other, aligned in the axial direction, and arranged in the drive housing. The distribution device 70 is arranged in the axial direction in the same plane as the second portal gearbox 40 and overlaps the second portal gearbox 40. In this respect, the distribution device 70 obscures in Fig. 2 the second portal gearbox 40 mostly. Furthermore, in Fig. Figure 2 illustrates that the first portal exit element 33 or the second portal exit element 43 is also arranged in the transverse direction offset to the axis of rotation of the first central exit element 21 or the second central exit element 22.

[0047] Fig. Figure 3 shows a schematic top view of an embodiment of the vehicle with the drive unit 10. In the present embodiment, the drive unit 10 has all the features of at least one of the preceding embodiments. Fig.Figure 3 schematically depicts the first drive motor 11, the second drive motor 12, the first portal gearbox 30, the second portal gearbox 40, the main gearbox 50, the secondary gearbox 60, and the distribution device 70 within a rectangular box. The first portal output element 33 is mechanically connected to the first drive axle 91 via a connecting element, in this case a cardan shaft. The second portal output element 43 is mechanically connected to the second drive axle 92 via a connecting element, in this case a cardan shaft. Output elements, in this case drive wheels, are arranged on opposite sides in the transverse direction of both the first drive axle 91 and the second drive axle 92, and can be driven by the first and second drive axles, respectively. Reference sign 9 Stationary component 10 Drive unit 11 First drive motor 12 Second drive motor 21 First central output element 22 Second central output element 30 First portal gearbox 31 First input gear 32 First output gear 33 First portal exit element 40 Second portal gearbox 41 Second input gear 42 Second output gear 43 Second portal exit element 50 Main gearbox 60 secondary gearboxes 61 Downstream sun wheel 62 Downstream planetary carriers 63 downstream planetary bolts 64 Downstream planetary gear 65 Intermediate ring gear 70 Distribution device 81 Downstream element 82 Distribution switching element 83 Main switching element 84 Motor switching element 91 First drive axle 92 Second drive axle

Claims

[1] Drive unit (10) for a vehicle with multiple drive axles (91, 92), wherein the drive unit (10) comprises: a distribution device (70) which is configured to divide a driving force between a first central output element (21) and a second central output element (22) of the distribution device (70), a downstream gearbox (60) which is mechanically connected to the distribution device (70) for the purpose of transmitting the drive force, a main gearbox (50) which is mechanically connected to the secondary gearbox (60) for the transmission of the drive force, a drive machine (11) which is mechanically connected to the main gearbox (50) for inputting the drive force, a first portal gear (30) which has a first portal output element (33) which is configured to output the drive force to a first drive axis (91) and is mechanically connected to the first central output element (21), and a second portal gear (40) which has a second portal output element (43) which is configured to output the drive force to a second drive axis (92) and is mechanically connected to the second central output element (22), wherein the first portal exit element (33) is offset in one direction to a rotation axis of the first central exit element (21) and the second portal exit element (43) is offset in one direction to a rotation axis of the second central exit element (22). [2] Drive device (10) according to claim 1, characterized by, that the first portal gear (30) and the second portal gear (40) are arranged on opposite sides in a longitudinal direction with respect to the drive machine (11). [3] Drive device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the distribution device (70) is provided as an switching device for establishing a mechanical operative connection between an output element of the downstream transmission (60) and at least one of the first central output element (21) and the second central output element (22). [4] Drive device (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the distribution device (70) has a longitudinal differential gear. [5] Drive device (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the downstream gearbox (60) has a spur gear set. [6] Drive device (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the downstream transmission (60) has a planetary gear set. [7] Drive device (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the downstream transmission (60) provides at least two switchable gear ratios, and one of the gear ratios can be selected via at least one pneumatic, hydraulic and electromechanical actuator. [8] Drive device (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the drive unit (10) has a longitudinal differential gear for driving drive wheels via at least one of the drive axles (91, 92). [9] Drive device (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the drive device (10) has a switchable second drive machine (12) which can be mechanically connected via a motor switching element (84) to input a drive force either to a first input element or to a second input element of the main gearbox (50). [10] Vehicle with a drive unit (10) according to one of the preceding claims, four output elements configured to drive the vehicle, a first drive axle (91) and a second drive axle (92), wherein two of the output elements can be driven by the first drive axle (91) and the other two output elements can be driven by the second drive axle (92).

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