Cleaning agent, method for producing the same, method for producing a cleaned object and method for cleaning an object

Abstract

A cleaning agent (10) according to the present invention is sprayed onto a cleaning target (12). The cleaning agent (10) contains an alkaline aqueous solution (38) of baking soda and glass particles (41). During cleaning with the cleaning agent (10), the physical cleaning power of the solid cleaning components (40) containing the glass particles (41) and the chemical cleaning power of the alkaline aqueous solution (38) of baking soda act simultaneously.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a cleaning agent, a method for producing the same, a method for producing a cleaned item or object, and a method for cleaning an item. 2. State of the art

[0002] JP 2000-343435 A (Japanese unexamined patent application, publication no. 2000-343435) describes a blasting method. This method involves spraying an abrasive, consisting of predetermined particles, together with a blasting medium (a liquid), onto an object to be cleaned. This blasting method can be used to clean various objects. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0003] In recent years, the global environment has received increasing protection. Therefore, the realization of a circular economy, in which products and materials are recycled, is desirable. For example, the recycling of vehicle parts includes a cleaning process, which is one of the necessary steps in the recycling process. In this cleaning process, the items to be recycled, especially vehicle parts, are cleaned. Various cleaning methods are assumed to be used, such as the blasting method described in JP 2000-343435 A.

[0004] The inventor has intensively studied a method for cleaning and recycling vehicle parts. The following points were observed. When recycling vehicle parts, solids often adhere firmly to them. Therefore, it was difficult to achieve satisfactory cleaning results with the various cleaning agents available. For example, when an alkaline cleaning solution, a mixture of an alkaline stock solution and water, is used, the item to be cleaned requires a lengthy cleaning process. Furthermore, cleaning with an alkaline solution often results in insufficient dirt removal, leading to unsatisfactory cleaning. In such cases, the item to be cleaned should be disposed of. Disposing of cleaned items pollutes the environment.

[0005] In light of the foregoing, an objective of the present invention is to provide a cleaning agent which enables high-performance cleaning compared to conventional cleaning with an alkaline cleaning solution, as well as a method for its production, a method for producing a cleaned item or object, and a method for cleaning an item or object.

[0006] To achieve the aforementioned objective, a first aspect of the present invention provides a cleaning agent (10) which is sprayed onto a cleaning target (12) for cleaning purposes. This cleaning agent contains an alkaline aqueous solution (38) and glass particles (41).

[0007] In this configuration, the physical cleaning power of glass particles is used to remove dirt from the surface of a cleaning target by the glass particles acting on the surface, while the chemical cleaning power of an alkaline aqueous solution simultaneously removes dirt from the surface of the cleaning target through a chemical reaction. Therefore, compared to conventional cleaning with an alkaline cleaning solution, it is possible to clean a cleaning target more effectively (more powerfully).

[0008] A second aspect of the present invention relates to a method for producing a cleaning agent (10) which is sprayed onto a cleaning target (12) to clean the cleaning target. This production method comprises: preparing baking soda particles (42) with an average particle diameter of 200 µm or more and 400 µm or less, glass particles (41) with an average particle diameter of 200 µm or more and 400 µm or less, and water (S101); and mixing the baking soda particles, glass particles, and water (S102). During the mixing process, the volume fraction (Cs) of the solids before mixing to a total volume, which is the sum of the volume of the solids containing the baking soda particles and glass particles before mixing and the volume (Vw) of the water, is 10 vol.% or more and 30 vol.%.-% or less, and the mass fraction (Rg) of glass particles in the solids before mixing is greater than 50 wt% and equal to or less than 99 wt%.

[0009] This process enables the development of a cleaning agent that simultaneously exerts physical and chemical cleaning powers during a cleaning process. Therefore, compared to conventional cleaning with an alkaline cleaning solution, it is possible to clean a target more effectively (more powerfully). For example, the physical cleaning power is improved compared to a case where the mass fraction of glass particles is 50% by mass or less. As a result, it is possible to obtain a cleaning agent that can clean a target more effectively (more powerfully).

[0010] A third aspect of the present invention relates to a method for producing a cleaned article (13) in which a cleaning target (12) is cleaned. This manufacturing method comprises: preparing the cleaning target (S204), preparing a cleaning agent (10) containing an alkaline aqueous solution (38) and glass particles (41) (S101, S102), cleaning the cleaning target by spraying the cleaning agent onto the cleaning target, and obtaining the cleaned article as the cleaning target after cleaning (S205).

[0011] In this process, physical and chemical cleaning forces act simultaneously when cleaning with a cleaning agent. Therefore, compared to conventional cleaning with an alkaline cleaning solution, it is possible to clean a target object more effectively (more powerfully). This makes it possible to reduce the likelihood of unsatisfactory cleaning of the object.

[0012] A fourth aspect of the present invention relates to a method for cleaning a cleaning target (12) to which dirt (12a) adheres. This cleaning method comprises: preparing a cleaning target (S204), preparing a cleaning agent (10) containing an alkaline aqueous solution (38) and glass particles (41) (S101, S102), and cleaning the cleaning target by spraying the cleaning agent onto the cleaning target to remove the dirt from the cleaning target (S205).

[0013] In this process, the physical and chemical cleaning forces work simultaneously when cleaning with a cleaning agent. Therefore, compared to conventional cleaning with an alkaline cleaning solution, it is possible to clean a target more effectively (more powerfully).

[0014] Each element may be identified by the reference numerals in parentheses in the various paragraphs of this description. In this case, the reference numerals provide an example of the correspondence between the same element and the specific configuration described in the embodiments described below. Therefore, this invention is not limited by the reference numerals. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

[0015] In the attached drawing: Fig. Figure 1 shows a schematic configuration of a cleaning device used to clean a cleaning target in a first embodiment; Fig. Figure 2 is a table showing the air pressure, solids volume fraction, cleaning time and oscillation frequency or vibration frequency of a nozzle when cleaning a cleaning target in the first embodiment; Fig. Figure 3 is a flowchart showing a manufacturing process of a cleaning agent used to clean a cleaning target in the first embodiment; Fig. Figure 4 is a table showing a composition of raw materials for a cleaning agent in the first embodiment; Fig. Figure 5 shows a schematic cross-section of a configuration of a cleaning agent when all baking soda particles are dissolved in water in the first embodiment; Fig. Figure 6 shows a schematic cross-section of a configuration of a cleaning agent when some of the baking soda particles in the first embodiment could not be dissolved in water; Fig. Figure 7 is a flowchart showing a recycling process including a process for cleaning a cleaning target in the first embodiment; Fig. Figure 8 shows an enlarged view of the surfaces of a cleaned object and a cleaning target in the first embodiment, as well as a schematic diagram of a method for measuring the brightness of these surfaces; Fig. Figure 9 shows a recorded image of a cleaning target before cleaning, using as an example in the first embodiment a central housing or central housing of a motor starter; Fig. Figure 10 shows a photograph of a cleaned object, which was achieved by cleaning the in Fig. The cleaning target shown in section 9 was achieved; Fig. Figure 11 shows the results of experiments carried out to establish a relationship between the cleaning effectiveness in step S205 of Fig. 7 and the solids content of glass in the raw materials of a cleaning agent; Fig. Figure 12 shows an enlarged view of a surface of a cleaning target in the first embodiment as well as a schematic diagram of a mechanism by which a cleaning agent removes dirt from this surface; Fig. Figure 13 shows a schematic diagram of a relationship between the kinetic energy of solid cleaning components and the Na concentration in an aqueous solution of baking soda of a cleaning agent during cleaning, as well as a solid content of glass in the raw materials of the cleaning agent in the first embodiment; Fig. Figure 14 shows a relationship between a number of cleaning targets (number of cleaned targets) and the cleaning effectiveness using brightness as an index value when the solids content of the glass is 90% by mass; Fig. Figure 15 shows a relationship between the number of cleaning targets (number of cleaned targets) and the cleaning effectiveness using brightness as an index value when the solids content of glass is 0 wt%; and Fig. Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of an example in which the degree of contamination is visually checked by an inspector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EXECUTION FORMS

[0016] The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. The following embodiments and variants thereof, as well as the associated drawings, are shown schematically or in simplified form to briefly explain the content of the present invention. In each of the following embodiments, elements that are identical or equivalent are identified in the drawings by the same reference numerals. (First embodiment)

[0017] As in Fig. As shown in Figure 1, a cleaning agent 10 is sprayed onto a cleaning target 12 according to the present embodiment in order to clean the cleaning target 12. The cleaning target 12 refers to an object to be cleaned. The cleaning of the cleaning target 12 in the present embodiment is carried out as part of a recycling process for vehicle parts. Therefore, the cleaning target 12 can, for example, be metal parts for a vehicle that are removed from a scrapped vehicle and recycled. In particular, the cleaning target 12 is a metal part made of steel or an aluminum alloy. Examples of such cleaning targets 12 are a generator housing that was located in an engine compartment or elsewhere, and a motor starter housing. Before cleaning, dirt 12a adheres firmly to the surface 121 (see Figure 1). Fig. 8) of the cleaning objective 12. The dirt 12a contains, for example, a lot of oil.

[0018] Cleaning agent 10 is used, for example, in the Fig. The cleaning device 14 shown in section 1 is used and sprayed onto the cleaning target 12 in the cleaning device 14. As shown in section 1. Fig. As shown in Figure 1, the cleaning device 14 is configured to spray the cleaning agent 10 onto the cleaning target 12 housed in this device 14. The cleaning device 14 is configured to include a cleaning tank 16, a cleaning agent reservoir 17, a cleaning agent supply line 18, an air supply line 19, a nozzle 20, and a return line 22.

[0019] The cleaning tank 16 is configured to serve as a housing that can accommodate the cleaning target 12. The cleaning tank 16 is equipped with an opening 161, allowing the cleaning target 12 to enter and exit through the opening 161. The cleaning tank 16 is configured to surround the cleaning target 12 during cleaning, keeping it contained. This configuration prevents the sprayed cleaning agent 10 from being scattered outside the cleaning tank 16. A rotatable holder 162 is provided in the cleaning tank 16. During cleaning, the cleaning target 12 is attached to the holder 162 and rotates with it.

[0020] The cleaning agent container 17 is configured to serve as a storage container for the cleaning agent 10. The cleaning agent container 17 is connected to the cleaning tank 16 via the return line 22. During cleaning, the cleaning agent 10 is sprayed onto the cleaning target 12 and collects in the cleaning tank 16. The accumulated cleaning agent 10 is returned to the cleaning agent container 17 via the return line 22 in a direction indicated by arrow A1, for example, by means of a pump 30.

[0021] The cleaning agent supply line 18 is configured to transport the cleaning agent 10 stored in the cleaning agent reservoir 17 to the nozzle 20. One end (first end) of the cleaning agent supply line 18 is open and inserted into the cleaning agent 10 stored in the cleaning agent reservoir 17. The other end (second end) of the cleaning agent supply line 18 is open and connected to the nozzle 20. The cleaning agent supply line 18 consists, for example, of a flexible hose.

[0022] The air supply line 19 is configured to supply compressed air AIR from an air supply device 31, for example, a system component, to the nozzle 20. One end (first end) of the air supply line 19 is open and connected to the air supply device 31. The other end (second end) of the air supply line 19 is open and connected to the nozzle 20. The air supply line 19 consists, for example, of a flexible hose. Fig. Figure 2 is a table showing the air pressure, solids volume fraction, cleaning time, and oscillation frequency of the nozzle 20 during cleaning of a cleaning target 12 in the present embodiment. In the present embodiment, compressed air AIR is supplied to the nozzle 20 at an air pressure of approximately 0.4 MPa, as shown in Figure 2. Fig. 2 shown.

[0023] The in Fig. The nozzle 20 shown in Figure 1 is configured to mix the cleaning agent 10 supplied from the cleaning agent supply line 18 with the compressed air AIR supplied from the air supply line 19. Inside the cleaning tank 16, the nozzle 20 sprays the mixed cleaning agent 10 and compressed air AIR from a jet outlet 21 towards the cleaning target 12. Specifically, the nozzle 20 is supported by and positioned within the cleaning tank 16. The nozzle 20 is configured to oscillate in a direction indicated by arrow A2. For example, the nozzle 20 is set into vibration by an actuator 33. Therefore, during cleaning of the cleaning target 12, the nozzle 20 sprays the cleaning agent 10 from the jet outlet 21 onto the cleaning target 12 while oscillating in the direction indicated by arrow A2.

[0024] The air supply device 31, the actuator 33, the pump 30 and the like can, for example, be arranged as shown in Fig. Figure 1 shows the control device 100 being electrically connected to it. The control device 100 is configured to include a microcomputer with at least one processor 101 and at least one storage device 102. The control device 100 is connected, for example, via a communication medium such as a local area network (LAN) to the air supply device 31, the actuator 33, and the pump 30. The processor 101 may, for example, include a central processing unit (CPU). The storage device 102 stores programs, data, and the like, which the processor can read. The storage device 102 may, for example, include a semiconductor memory, which may include a non-transient physical storage medium. The control device 100 is configured to communicate with the air supply device 31, the actuator 33, the pump 30, and the like.In the control device 100, for example, the processor 101 reads a program stored in the memory device 102 and then executes commands defined in the program. Accordingly, the control device 100 controls the drive of various devices, such as the air supply device 31, the actuator 33, the pump 30, and the like. In this configuration, compressed air AIR is supplied to the air supply line 19, causing the cleaning agent 10 to be sprayed from the nozzle 20. The cleaning agent 10 used in the cleaning process is returned from the cleaning tank 16 via the return line 22 to the cleaning agent reservoir 17 and supplied again to the nozzles 20 via the cleaning agent supply line 18. The nozzle 20 oscillates during cleaning to clean the entire surface 121 of the cleaning target 12.Thus, the cleaning device 14 is configured to provide a continuous cleaning function by circulating the cleaning agent 10 between the cleaning tank 16 and the cleaning agent reservoir 17 while the cleaning target 12 is being cleaned. The above explanation is based on an example of the control device 100 equipped with a microcomputer. For example, the control device 100 could be equipped with electronic circuits, such as an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), designed to achieve similar functions.

[0025] Before cleaning the cleaning target 12, the cleaning agent 10 to be stored in the cleaning device 14 is prepared. Fig. Figure 3 illustrates a process for producing the cleaning agent 10 before cleaning, in other words, a process for producing the cleaning agent 10.

[0026] Fig. Figure 3 is a flowchart showing a manufacturing process for the cleaning agent 10, which is used to clean the cleaning target 12 in the present embodiment. The manufacturing process of the cleaning agent 10 corresponds to each step of the method for manufacturing the cleaning agent 10. Fig. Figure 4 is a table showing a composition of raw materials for the cleaning agent 10 in the present embodiment. As in Fig. As shown in Figure 3, for example, in step S101 glass particles 41, baking soda particles 42 and water are prepared as raw materials for the cleaning agent 10 (see Figure 3). Fig. 4) Thus, the solids prior to mixing, consisting of the mixed solids and water, are the glass particles 41 and the baking soda particles 42. The baking soda particles are particles composed of baking soda crystals. An average particle diameter of the baking soda particles 42 is in the range of 200 µm or more and 400 µm or less. For example, EB60, manufactured by AGC Inc., can be used as the baking soda particles 42 prepared in step S101. An average particle diameter of EB60 is approximately 300 µm. Baking soda here means sodium bicarbonate (i.e., NaHCO3).

[0027] The glass particles 41 are spherical glass particles. The average particle diameter of the glass particles 41 is between 200 µm or more and 400 µm or less. For example, FGB-60, manufactured by Fuji Manufacturing Co., Ltd., can be used as the glass particles 41 produced in step S101. The average particle diameter of FGB-60 is approximately 300 µm.

[0028] In the present embodiment, for example, the average particle diameter of the baking soda particles 42 and the average particle diameter of the glass particles 41 are each calculated as the average of the particle diameters measured for all particles or a predetermined number of sample particles. The preferred number of sample particles is, for example, about 100 or more. The particle diameter of each baking soda particle 42 and each glass particle 41 is measured particle-by-particle using a microscope. More precisely, the baking soda particles 42 can have a shape with different dimensions in the longitudinal and transverse directions, rather than a spherical or globular shape. A longitudinal dimension of the baking soda particles 42 can be considered as the particle diameter of the baking soda particles 42.Therefore, the particle diameter of the baking soda particles 42 is measured using a microscope as a longitudinal dimension. On the other hand, the glass particles 41 can be spherical particles, so that the longitudinal and transverse dimensions are the same. In this case, it is not necessary to distinguish between the longitudinal and transverse dimensions of the glass particles 41. Thus, the particle diameter of the glass particles 41 is measured using a microscope as either a longitudinal or a transverse dimension.

[0029] The solids volume fraction Cs is defined as the volume fraction of the solids before mixing to the total volume, which is composed of the volume of the solids before mixing with water and the volume of the water. In step S101, the solids volume fraction Cs is preferably in the range of 10 vol.% or more and 30 vol.% or less. In the present embodiment, the solids volume fraction Cs can, for example, be 20 vol.%, as shown in the Fig. 2 and Fig. Figure 4 shows that, in the present embodiment, the volume fraction of water can be, for example, 80 vol% (= 100-20). A solids content Rg of glass is defined as a mass fraction of the glass particles in solids before mixing with water. The solids content Rg of glass is preferably a value in the range of more than 50 wt% and equal to or less than 99 wt%. In the present embodiment, the solids content Rg can be, for example, 90 wt%. Thus, in the present embodiment, the solids content of the baking powder particles 42 can be, for example, 10 wt% (= 100-90).

[0030] As described above, the solid volume fraction Cs refers to the volume fraction of the solids before mixing in relation to the total volume, which includes the volume of the solids before mixing with water (i.e., the respective volumes of the baking soda particles 42 and glass particles 41) and the volume of the water Vw. Therefore, the solid volume fraction Cs is calculated using the following equation F1 based on the volume Vg of the glass particles 41, the volume Vj of the baking soda particles 42, and the volume Vw of the water. Cs=(Vg+Vj) / (Vg+Vj+Vw)×100

[0031] The solids content Rg of glass refers to the mass fraction of the solids before mixing with water, which is made up of the glass particles 41. Therefore, the solids content Rg of glass is calculated using equation F2 below, based on a glass particle mass Mg, which is a mass of the glass particles 41, and a baking soda particle mass Mj, which is a mass of the baking soda particles 42. The solids volume fraction Cs and the solids content Rg of glass mentioned above refer to the component fractions before mixing with the baking soda particles 42, the glass particles 41, and the water, respectively, unless otherwise stated. Rg=Mg / (Mg+Mj)×100

[0032] In the process for producing cleaning agent 10, after completion of step S101 in Fig. Step S102 is carried out. In step S102, the raw materials of the cleaning agent 10 produced in step S101, namely the baking soda particles 42, the glass particles 41, and the water, are mixed. Accordingly, in the present embodiment, the cleaning agent 10 is produced. In particular, all raw materials produced in step S101 are mixed in step S102. That is, the solid volume fraction Cs of the raw materials mixed in step S102 and the solid content fraction Rg of the glass are each identical to the values ​​in step S101.

[0033] Fig. Figure 5 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a configuration of the cleaning agent 10 when, in the present embodiment, all baking soda particles 42 are dissolved in water. Fig. Figure 6 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a configuration of the cleaning agent 10 when some of the baking soda particles 42 in the present embodiment have not dissolved in water. As a result of mixing the baking soda particles 42 with the glass particles 41 and water, some or all of the baking soda particles 42 dissolve in the water. This leads to a chemical reaction defined in the following equation F3. Consequently, as in Fig. 5 or Fig. As shown in Figure 6, the cleaning agent 10 contains at least one aqueous solution 38 of baking soda and glass particles 41. If, for example, some of the baking soda particles 42 could not dissolve in water, the cleaning agent 10 contains the aqueous solution 38 of baking soda, the glass particles 41, and the baking soda particles 42. As shown in equation F3 below, the aqueous solution 38 of baking soda obtained in step S102, i.e., the solution obtained by dissolving baking soda in water, refers to an alkaline aqueous solution. NaHCO3 + H2O → Na + + OH - + H2O + CO2 (F3)

[0034] As described above, in step S102 the baking soda particles 42 dissolve in water. If all the baking soda particles 42 can be dissolved in water, the solid cleaning components 40 in the cleaning agent 10, as described in Fig. 5 shown, solid glass particles 41 and no solid baking soda particles 42. The solid cleaning components 40 in the cleaning agent 10 are a solid component in the cleaning agent 10, in other words, a solid material.

[0035] On the other hand, if some of the baking soda particles 42 could not dissolve in water, as in Fig. As shown in Figure 6, the solid cleaning components 40 in the cleaning agent 10 contain both solid baking soda particles 42 and solid glass particles 41. Before mixing, the mass fraction of the baking soda particles 42 is lower than the mass fraction of the glass particles 41. Therefore, after mixing, the mass fraction of the baking soda particles 42 in the solid cleaning components 40 in the cleaning agent 10 is also lower than the mass fraction of the glass particles 41.

[0036] Next, using Fig. 7 a method for obtaining a cleaned item 13 by cleaning a cleaning target 12 with the cleaning agent 10 described above, in other words a method for producing the cleaned item 13 that has been cleaned with the cleaning agent 10. Fig. Figure 7 is a flowchart showing a recycling process for a cleaned item 13 in the present embodiment. The Fig. The recycling process shown in Figure 7 comprises a process for cleaning a cleaning target 12 and a process for manufacturing the cleaned item 13. The process for manufacturing the cleaned item 13 corresponds to each step of the procedure for manufacturing the cleaned item 13. As shown in Figure 7, the recycling process includes ... Fig. As shown in Figure 7, in step S201, items are collected from a used parts market prior to cleaning, including cleaning target 12. The used parts market is primarily supplied by vehicle dismantlers and other businesses that act as distribution channels for used vehicle parts. For example, if a vehicle part prior to cleaning is a used engine starter removed from a scrapped vehicle, cleaning target 12 might be the center housing of the removed engine starter. Similarly, if a vehicle part prior to cleaning is a used alternator removed from a scrapped vehicle, cleaning target 12 might be the housing of the removed alternator.

[0037] In the process for producing the purified item 13, after completion of step S201 in Fig. Step S202 is performed. In step S202, it is determined whether it is possible to clean the cleaning target 12 sufficiently to remove the dirt 12a. The cleaning target 12, which is removed from an object prior to cleaning, is cleaned in a cleaning step according to step S205. Therefore, before cleaning, it is determined whether the cleaning step according to step S205 can sufficiently remove the dirt 12a from the cleaning target 12. Fig. Figure 8 shows an enlarged view of a surface 131 of the cleaned object 13 and the surface 121 of the cleaning target 12 in the present embodiment, as well as a schematic diagram of a method for measuring the brightness of these surfaces 121 and 131.

[0038] In the aforementioned determination step prior to cleaning, for example, a brightness measurement is carried out on the surface 121 of the cleaning target 12, as shown in Fig. Figure 8 shows that if a measured brightness L* is equal to or greater than a first brightness determination value, it is determined that it is possible to sufficiently remove the dirt 12a from the cleaning target 12 by cleaning (Step S202: YES). On the other hand, if the measured brightness L* is less than the first brightness determination value, it is determined that it is impossible to sufficiently remove the dirt 12a from the cleaning target 12 by cleaning (Step S202: NO).

[0039] The aforementioned first brightness determination value is predetermined by conducting experiments so that, based on the cleaning performance described in step S205, it can be determined whether the cleaning target 12 can be cleaned, as described below. For example, the first brightness determination value is set as a predetermined threshold for determining cleanability, which is a brightness value L* derived from the results of brightness measurements and cleaning experiments using multiple samples of the cleaning target 12. The brightness L* is measured, for example, using a spectrophotometer 32, as described in Fig. 8 shown.

[0040] In step S202, if it is determined that it is possible to sufficiently remove the dirt 12a from the cleaning target 12 by cleaning, i.e., if the measured brightness value L* is equal to or greater than the first brightness determination value, step S204 is executed. Conversely, if it is determined that it is impossible to sufficiently remove the dirt 12a from the cleaning target 12 by cleaning, i.e., if the measured brightness value L* is less than the first brightness determination value, step S203 is executed. In step S203, an item whose measured brightness value L* is less than the first brightness determination value is discarded before cleaning. In other words, in step S203, the cleaning target 12 is discarded because it is determined that the cleaning device 14 cannot produce the desired cleaned item 13.

[0041] In step S204, an item is disassembled prior to cleaning, and a cleaning target 12, which has been determined to be cleanable, is removed from the disassembled item. In other words, in step S204, the cleaning target 12 is prepared.

[0042] In the process for producing the cleaned item 13, step S205 is carried out after completion of step S204. In step S205, the cleaning agent 10 is sprayed from the jet outlet 21 of the nozzle 20 onto the surface 121 of the cleaning target 12. In this way, the dirt 12a is removed from the cleaning target 12, thereby effectively cleaning it. Therefore, prior to cleaning the cleaning target 12, the cleaning agent 10, which contains the aqueous solution 38 of baking soda and glass particles 41, is applied according to the instructions in Fig. The 3 respective steps shown were prepared in advance.

[0043] In particular, in step S205, the cleaning target 12 is attached to the bracket 162, which is provided in the cleaning tank 16 of the cleaning device 14, as shown in Fig. Figure 1 is shown. The cleaning of the cleaning target 12 is then initiated. During the cleaning of the cleaning target 12, the nozzle 20 of the cleaning device 14 sprays the cleaning agent 10 together with the compressed air AIR onto the cleaning target 12, while it is oscillated by the actuator 33 in the direction indicated by arrow A2. Simultaneously, the holder 162 rotates, as does the cleaning target 12.

[0044] Accordingly, the cleaning agent 10 is sprayed over the entire surface 121 of the cleaning target 12. For example, if the cleaning target 12 is a concave part such as a housing, the cleaning agent 10 is sprayed over the entire inner and outer surface of the concave part. Thus, in step S205, the cleaning target 12 is cleaned. This removes the dirt 12a that was adhering to the surface 121 of the cleaning target 12.

[0045] After cleaning of the cleaning target 12 is complete, the cleaning target 12 is removed from the holder 162 of the cleaning device 14. The result is the cleaned object 13, which is the cleaning target 12. Fig. Figure 9 shows a recorded image of the cleaning target 12 before cleaning, using a central housing of a motor starter as an example in the present embodiment. Fig. Figure 10 shows a recorded image of the cleaned object 13, which was obtained by cleaning the in Fig. The cleaning target shown in 9 was achieved at level 12.

[0046] For example, in step S205 above, the cleaning time is 10 seconds, as shown in Fig. Figure 2 shows the cleaning time. The cleaning time refers to the duration during which the cleaning agent 10 is sprayed onto the cleaning target 12. The vibration frequency of the nozzle 20 is 18 vibrations per 10 seconds. The vibration frequency of the nozzle 20 refers to the number of vibrations of the nozzle 20 during cleaning. The temperature of the cleaning agent 10 is preferably in the range of 10 °C or more and 30 °C or less, preferably at about 30 °C.

[0047] In the process for producing the cleaned item 13, step S206 is performed after step S205. In step S206, it is determined whether the contaminant 12a has been sufficiently removed from the cleaned item 13 obtained in step S205. In other words, step S206 determines whether the cleaned item 13 is recyclable. Specifically, in step S206, the brightness measurement is performed in the same way as in step S202 above. However, the second brightness measurement obtained after cleaning differs from the first brightness measurement used before cleaning in step S202.

[0048] In the preceding determination step after cleaning, the brightness measurement is carried out on the surface 131 of the cleaned object 13, as for example in Fig. Figure 8 shows that if a brightness measurement L* is equal to or greater than the second brightness determination value, it is determined that the dirt 12a in the cleaned object 13 has been sufficiently removed (Step S206: YES). On the other hand, if the measured brightness value L* is less than the second brightness determination value, it is determined that the removal of the dirt 12a in the cleaned object 13 is insufficient (Step S206: NO).

[0049] The aforementioned second brightness measurement value is determined beforehand by conducting experiments to ascertain whether the dirt 12a has been sufficiently removed from the cleaned object 13. In other words, the second brightness measurement value is determined beforehand by conducting experiments so that it can be ascertained whether the dirt 12a was sufficiently removed by the cleaning in step S205. Thus, the second brightness measurement value is a benchmark against which it is assessed whether the cleaning result of step S205 is satisfactory or unsatisfactory (good result or bad result).For example, the second brightness determination value is set as a predetermined threshold for determining that the dirt 12a has been removed, where it is a brightness value L* derived from the results of the brightness measurements and cleaning experiments using several samples of the cleaned object 13. The brightness L* measurement in step S206 is carried out in the same way as in step S202 above, for example, using a spectrophotometer 32.

[0050] In step S206, if it is determined that the dirt 12a has been sufficiently removed from the cleaned item 13, i.e., the measured brightness value L* is equal to or greater than the second brightness determination value, step S208 is performed. In this case, the cleaned item 13 is considered a satisfactory product.

[0051] On the other hand, if it is determined that the removal of the dirt 12a from the cleaned item 13 is insufficient, i.e., the measured brightness value L* is less than the second brightness determination value, step S207 is executed. In this case, the cleaned item 13 is considered an unsatisfactory product. In step S207, the cleaned item 13 whose measured brightness value L* is less than the second brightness determination value is discarded. In other words, in step S207, the cleaned item 13 is discarded because the cleaning device 14 has determined that the cleaned item 13 is an unsatisfactory product.

[0052] In step S208, a glass blasting process is performed on the cleaned object 13. In the glass blasting process, glass particles are sprayed onto the entire surface 131 of the cleaned object 13 along with high-pressure air. Accordingly, the remaining dirt 12a on the surface 131 of the cleaned object 13 is blown away and removed. The glass blasting process is a surface treatment process in which micro glass particles are sprayed to achieve a specific surface treatment. For example, the glass particles used in the glass blasting process can be identical to, or different from, the glass particles 41 in the cleaning agent 10.

[0053] In the process for producing the purified item 13, after completion of step S208 in Fig. Step S209 is performed. In step S209, the cleaned item 13, whose surface 131 has been treated by the glass bead blasting process, is assembled into a component of a recycled product, and then a recycled product is manufactured using the cleaned item 13. As a result, a recycled product is manufactured using the cleaned item 13. For example, if the cleaned item 13 is a central housing of a motor starter, the recycled product is the motor starter. If the cleaned item 13 is a housing of a generator, the recycled product is the generator.

[0054] In step S101, the solids content Rg of the glass can be set to, for example, 90% by mass. Fig. Figure 11 shows the results of experiments carried out to establish a relationship between the cleaning effectiveness in step S205 of Fig. 7 and the solids content Rg of the glass in the raw materials of the cleaning agent 10 to be determined. In the in Fig. In the experiments shown in Figure 11, the cleaning target is Figure 12, a central housing of a motor starter. The cleaning agent is applied according to the instructions in Figure 10. Fig. The process shown in 3 is carried out, except that the solids content Rg of the glass is changed. Thus, the solids volume fraction Cs of the raw materials before mixing the cleaning agent 10 can, for example, be 20 vol.%, as above in Fig. 4 described. The in Fig. The 11 experiments shown serve to demonstrate the cleaning effectiveness in step S205 of Fig. 7 to check. Therefore, in the experiments in Fig. 11. No glass blasting process was carried out after cleaning.

[0055] A vertical axis in Fig. Figure 11 represents the brightness L*, while a horizontal axis represents the solids content Rg of the glass. The brightness L* is an index value that indicates the cleaning effectiveness. A higher brightness L* means less soiling 12a after cleaning. The in Fig. The multiple relationship points Pw shown in Figure 11 result from the plotting of the experimental data. These plotted multiple relationship points Pw illustrate the relationship between the brightness L* measured for the surface 131 of the cleaned object 13 and the solids content Rg of the glass. The brightness L* represented by each of the multiple relationship points Pw reflects an average value of the brightness L* measurements taken at different locations on the surface 131 of the cleaned object 13. In the experiments in Fig. 11. The values ​​of the measurements of brightness L* for the cleaning target 12 before cleaning are all within a range Rbw of brightness L* before cleaning, as in Fig. 11 shown.

[0056] If the cleaning agent 10 is used according to the instructions in Fig. The experimental results of the 3 methods shown yielded the following points, which are determined by the multiple relationship points Pw in Fig. Figure 11 shows that the cleaning power of cleaning agent 10 is strongest when the solids content Rg of the glass is approximately Rg = 90% by mass. Therefore, according to the figures in Fig. 11 shown test results, the solids content Rg of the glass is preferably a value in the range of more than 50 wt% and equal to or less than 99 wt% and even more preferably a value in the range of 85 wt% or more and 95 wt% or less in order to achieve a high cleaning power of the cleaning agent 10.

[0057] Fig. Figure 12 shows an enlarged view of the surface 121 of the cleaning target 12 in the present embodiment, as well as a schematic diagram of a mechanism by which the cleaning agent 10 removes the dirt 12a from this surface 121. As in Fig. As shown in 12, the reason for the in Fig. The experimental results shown in Figure 11 demonstrate that the synergistic effect of the physical and chemical cleaning power of the cleaning agent 10 effectively removes the dirt 12a from the surface 121 of the cleaning target 12 during the cleaning process using the cleaning agent 10. The physical cleaning power refers to the cleaning power of the solid cleaning components 40 in the cleaning agent 10 to remove the dirt 12a by the action of the solid cleaning components 40 on the surface 121 of the cleaning target 12, as indicated by arrow SH. The chemical cleaning power refers to the cleaning power of the aqueous solution 38 of baking soda to remove the dirt 12a from the surface 121 of the cleaning target 12 through a chemical reaction of an alkaline aqueous solution.

[0058] The physical cleaning power of the cleaning agent 10 is described in detail below. The greater the kinetic energy of all solid cleaning components 40 of the cleaning target 10, the higher the physical cleaning power exerted on the cleaning target 10. The total kinetic energy of all solid cleaning components 40 is the sum of the kinetic energy Es of each particle 41 and 42, calculated using the following equations F4 and F5. Es=m×v2 / 2 m=(4 / 3)×π×r3×ρ

[0059] In equations F4 and F5 above, m refers to the mass of the particles containing the solid cleaning components 40. v refers to the velocity of a particle. r refers to the radius of a particle, i.e., ½ of the average particle diameter. ρ refers to the density of the particles containing the solid cleaning components 40. The density of the glass particles 41 is ρ = 2.5 g / cm³. 3 The density of the baking powder particles 42 corresponds to ρ = 2.2 g / cm³ 3 If some of the baking powder particles 42 could not dissolve in water, the average particle diameter of the baking powder particles 42 that could not dissolve is assumed to be substantially the same as the average particle diameter of the baking powder particles 42 before mixing, as described in step S101 in Fig. 3 prepared.

[0060] Fig. Figure 13 shows a schematic diagram of the relationship between the kinetic energy of the solid cleaning components 40 and the Na concentration in the aqueous solution 38 of the baking soda of the cleaning agent 10, both during cleaning, as well as the solid content Rg of glass in the raw materials of the cleaning agent 10 in the present embodiment. The glass particles 41 and the baking soda particles 42 act on the dirt 12a on the surface 121 of the cleaning target 12 while they are contained in the aqueous solution 38 of the baking soda. Therefore, it is assumed that the velocity v during action is the same for all glass particles 41 and baking soda particles 42. Furthermore, as described above, the density of the glass particles 41 is greater than that of the baking soda particles 42.Therefore, as can be seen from equations F4 and F5 above, the kinetic energy of the solid cleaning components 40 during cleaning increases with the number of glass particles 41 in the solid cleaning components 40. Furthermore, the number of glass particles 41 in the solid cleaning components 40 increases with the higher the solids content Rg of glass in step S101. Fig. 3 is. Therefore, as in Fig. As shown in Figure 13, the kinetic energy of the solid cleaning components 40 is greater the higher the solids content Rg of glass. In other words, the higher the solids content Rg of glass, the greater the physical cleaning power of the cleaning target 10.

[0061] The chemical cleaning power of cleaning agent 10 is described in detail below. Sodium ions (i.e., Na) +The sodium ions in the aqueous solution 38 of baking soda in the cleaning agent 10 are present, as shown in equation F3 above. The sodium ions remove the dirt 12a from the surface 121 of the cleaning target 12 by the chemical reaction shown in equation F6 below. R in equation F6 below represents an alkyl group. RCOOH on the left-hand side corresponds to the oil content in the dirt 12a. N / a + + RCOOH → RCOONa (F6)

[0062] As can be seen from equation F6 above, the Na concentration, i.e., the concentration of sodium ions in the aqueous solution 38 of baking soda, is an index value for the chemical cleaning power of the detergent 10. The higher the Na concentration, the greater the chemical cleaning power of the detergent 10. The Na concentration of the aqueous solution 38 of baking soda is saturated when a sufficient quantity of baking soda particles 42 mixed with water is present to saturate the solution with respect to sodium ions. Conversely, the Na concentration decreases as the quantity of baking soda particles 42 decreases, if the quantity of baking soda particles 42 is insufficient to saturate the solution with respect to sodium ions.

[0063] Therefore, the Na concentration, as in Fig. Figure 13 shows that in a low-proportion area B1, where the solids content Rg of the glass is below a limit Xrg, the saturation concentration remains constant. In a high-proportion area B2, where the solids content Rg of the glass exceeds the limit Xrg, the Na concentration decreases as the solids content Rg of the glass increases. Furthermore, when the solids content Rg of the glass is 100% by mass, the baking powder particles 42 are not added as raw materials. Therefore, the Na concentration becomes zero. In the Fig. In the 11 experiments shown, the limit Xrg is in Fig. 13 approximately 50% by mass.

[0064] Thus, the in Fig. The experimental results shown in Figure 11, represented by the multiple relationship points Pw, can be attributed to the synergistic effect of the physical and chemical cleaning power of the cleaning agent 10, as described above.

[0065] The other experimental results, which differ from those in Fig. 11 differ, are in the Fig. 14 and Fig. 15 shown. Fig. Figure 14 shows the relationship between a number of cleaning targets 12 (number of cleaned targets) and the cleaning effectiveness using the brightness L* as the index value when the solids content Rg of the glass is 90 mass-%. Fig. Figure 15 shows a relationship between a number of cleaning targets 12 (number of cleaned targets) and the cleaning effectiveness using brightness L* as an index value when the solids content Rg of the glass is 0 mass-%. A vertical axis in the Fig. 14 and Fig. 15 represents the brightness L*. In the Fig. 14 and Fig. 15 serves the brightness L* similarly to in Fig. 11 as an index value to indicate cleaning effectiveness, and the scale of the vertical axis is in the Fig. 14 and Fig. 15 consistent.

[0066] A horizontal axis in the Fig. 14 and Fig. 15 represents the number of cleaning targets 12. The vertical axis represents the brightness L* measured for the surface 131 of the cleaned object 13, which was produced from the last cleaned cleaning target 12 among the several cleaned objects 13. The values ​​in the Fig. 14 and Fig. The brightness L* shown in each of the 15 sections is also an average value of the brightness L* measurements taken at various locations, as shown in Fig. 11. The in Fig. The dashed line La shown in Figure 14 represents the relationship between the number of cleaning targets 12 and the brightness L* when the solids content Rg of the glass is 90% by mass. The Fig. The solid line Lb shown in Figure 15 represents the relationship between the number of cleaning targets 12 and the brightness L* when the solids content Rg of the glass is 0 mass-%.

[0067] According to the in Fig. In the experimental results shown in Figure 14, when the solids content Rg was 90 wt%, no micronization of the glass particles 41 and the baking soda particles 42 was observed, regardless of the number of cleaning targets 12. The brightness measurements L* were constant regardless of the number of cleaning targets 12. In contrast, according to the results shown in Figure 14, the following results were observed: Fig. The experimental results presented in Figure 15 show that when the solids content Rg of glass was 0 wt%, the baking soda particles 42 micronized when the number of cleaning targets 12 was slightly above 40. The measured brightness L* decreased with an increasing number of cleaning targets 12. This phenomenon is likely due to the reduced physical cleaning power of the cleaning agent 10 as the baking soda particles 42 become micronized.

[0068] According to the experimental results in the preceding Fig. 14 and Fig. 15. Mixing the glass particles 41 into the cleaning agent 10 is effective in enabling the continuous use of the cleaning agent 10. In the Fig. 14 and Fig. The experiments shown in the 15 above are similar to those in the preceding one. Fig. 11. No glass bead blasting process was carried out after cleaning.

[0069] As described above, according to the present embodiment, the cleaning agent 10 is sprayed onto the cleaning target 12, as shown in the Fig. 1 and Fig. Figure 12 shows that the cleaning agent 10 contains the aqueous solution 38 of baking soda and the glass particles 41. Thus, the cleaning agent 10 is configured to act simultaneously during the cleaning process with the physical cleaning power of the solid cleaning components 40, which contain the glass particles 41, and the chemical cleaning power of the aqueous solution 38 of baking soda.

[0070] For example, suppose there is a cleaning method that combines chemical cleaning by spraying an aqueous baking soda solution onto a cleaning target, followed by physical cleaning by alternately spraying a mixture of water and glass particles onto the cleaning target. In contrast to this cleaning method, the cleaning method of the present embodiment simultaneously employs both physical and chemical cleaning power, thus achieving a high level of cleaning power. Compared to conventional cleaning with an alkaline cleaning solution, for example, the cleaning target 12 can be cleaned more effectively (more powerfully). Conventional spray cleaning with an alkaline cleaning solution might, for example, be a cleaning method in which an alkaline cleaning solution (an alkaline aqueous solution) at a temperature of approximately 60 °C, without any solids, is sprayed onto a cleaning target.For the sake of simplicity, the following explanation refers to spray cleaning with an alkaline cleaning solution as alkaline spray cleaning.

[0071] Furthermore, the conventional alkaline spray cleaning method requires a cleaning time of approximately 45 minutes. In contrast, the cleaning time for the cleaning method of the present embodiment, as described above, is 10 seconds. In other words, the cleaning method of the present embodiment not only has high cleaning power but also reduces the cleaning time compared to conventional alkaline spray cleaning.

[0072] In the cleaning process of the present embodiment, the number of cleaning targets was 12, which were described in step S203 in the Fig. The number of items cleaned in the seven methods shown was almost zero. In the cleaning method of the present embodiment, the number of items cleaned in step S207 of the method shown in the seven methods shown was 13. Fig. The proportion of items rejected in the seven procedures shown was almost zero. In contrast, in the conventional alkaline spray cleaning procedure, the proportion of cleaning targets or cleaned items rejected in steps S203 and S207, i.e., the failure rate, was approximately 60%. For item 13, which was rejected in step S205 of Fig. 7 in the cleaning process of the present embodiment, it was found that the surface 131 was cleaned and the dirt 12a was removed without the need to carry out the surface treatment process with glass jet in the subsequent step S208.

[0073] These facts demonstrate that the cleaning method of the present embodiment offers a higher cleaning power than conventional alkaline spray cleaning. Furthermore, in the method for cleaning the cleaning target 12 or the method for producing the cleaned item 13, some or all of the following processes can be omitted: the determination of whether the cleaning target 12 is cleanable prior to cleaning in step S202; the determination of whether the cleaned item 13 is satisfactory or unsatisfactory after cleaning in step S206; and the glass bead surface treatment process in step S208.

[0074] (1) According to the cleaning agent 10 in the present embodiment, the aqueous solution contained in the cleaning agent 10 is the aqueous solution 38 of baking soda. Furthermore, as in the Fig. 5 and Fig. Figure 6 shows that the solid cleaning components 40 in the cleaning agent 10 consist of glass particles 41 and baking soda particles 42, which have a lower mass fraction than the glass particles 41. Alternatively, the solid cleaning components 40 in the cleaning agent 10 do not contain any baking soda particles 42 and consist of glass particles 41. In summary, the mass fraction of the glass particles 41 in the solid cleaning components 40 exceeds 50% by mass.

[0075] Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the cleaning agent 10 can derive its chemical cleaning power from the aqueous solution 38 containing baking soda and enhance its physical cleaning power through the higher content of glass particles 41, whose particle density is greater than that of the baking soda particles 42. Consequently, the cleaning power of the cleaning agent 10 can be enhanced by the synergistic effect of its chemical and physical cleaning properties.

[0076] (2) According to the method for cleaning the cleaning target 12 in the present embodiment, the cleaning target 12 can, for example, be metal parts for a vehicle to be recycled. The metal parts for the vehicle are firmly adhered with dirt 12a, which contains a lot of oil. Therefore, the cleaning method in the present embodiment can achieve a high cleaning efficiency for parts that are difficult to clean with the cleaning agent 10, which contains the aqueous solution 38 of baking soda and the glass particles 41.

[0077] (3) According to the method for producing the cleaning agent 10 in the present embodiment, the glass particles 41, the baking soda particles 42 and the water are added in step S101 of Fig. 3. The average particle diameter of the prepared glass particles 41 is in the range of 200 µm or more and 400 µm or less, and the average particle diameter of the prepared baking soda particles 42 is also in the range of 200 µm or more and 400 µm or less. In step S101, the solids volume fraction Cs is adjusted to a value in the range of 10 vol% or more and 30 vol% or less, and the solids content Rg of glass is adjusted to a value in the range of more than 50 wt% and equal to or less than 99 wt%. The glass particles 41, the baking soda particles 42, and the water are added in step S102. Fig. 3 mixed. Therefore, as in the experimental results in Fig. 11 showed the synergistic effect of the chemical cleaning power of the aqueous baking soda solution 38 and the physical cleaning power of the solid cleaning components 40, that the cleaning agent 10 exerts a high cleaning power on the cleaning target 12.

[0078] (4) According to the process for producing the cleaning agent 10 in the present embodiment, the solids content Rg of glass in the process described in step S101 can be determined by Fig. For example, 3 manufactured raw materials may constitute 90% by mass. In other words, in which Fig. In the 3 methods shown, the glass particles 41, the baking soda particles 42, and the water with a solids content Rg of glass of 85 wt% or more and 95 wt% or less are mixed. Therefore, the cleaning power of the cleaning agent 10 can be maximized, as in the Fig. 11 experimental results shown.

[0079] (5) According to the procedure for producing the purified article 13, in step S206 of Fig. 7. The brightness L* of the surface 131 of the cleaned item 13 is measured. If the measured brightness value L* is equal to or greater than the second brightness determination value, the cleaned item 13 is determined to be a satisfactory product. The second brightness determination value serves as a threshold for evaluating the quality of the cleaned item 13.

[0080] Here we explain the conventional method for determining the degree of contamination (hereinafter referred to as contamination). In all contamination determinations in the cleaning process for cleaning objectives and in the manufacturing process for cleaned items, these are carried out as described in Fig. Figure 16 shows the cleaning targets visually inspected by an inspector 80. In contrast, in the present embodiment, the degree of soiling is determined, for example, by measuring the brightness L* using a spectrophotometer 32 in the method for cleaning the cleaning targets 12 and the method for producing the cleaned items 13. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the fluctuations in the determination results caused by a visual inspection by a person. (Second embodiment)

[0081] The second embodiment is described below. This embodiment mainly explains the differences from the first embodiment. The description omits or simplifies content that is identical or similar to that in the first embodiment.

[0082] In the present embodiment, a method for producing a cleaning agent 10 differs from that in the first embodiment (see Fig. 3) In particular, in step S101 of Fig. Three glass particles 41 and an aqueous solution 38 of baking soda are prepared as raw materials for the cleaning agent 10. However, the aqueous solution 38 of baking soda 38 to be produced is a solution in which the baking soda is dissolved to saturation, i.e., a saturated solution of baking soda. In the process for producing the cleaning agent 10 according to the present embodiment, no baking soda particles 42 are produced. Therefore, the solids content Rg of the glass is 100 wt%.

[0083] In the present embodiment, the average particle diameter of the glass particles 41 and the solid volume fraction Cs are the same as in the first embodiment. A saturated aqueous solution of baking soda in the present embodiment is not limited to an aqueous solution in which the Na concentration exactly corresponds to the saturation concentration. It may, for example, contain aqueous solutions in which the Na concentration is below the saturation concentration; however, for practical reasons, the Na concentration is as high as the saturation concentration.

[0084] In step S102 of Fig. In step 3, the glass particles 41 produced in step S101 are mixed with the aqueous solution 38 of baking soda. Accordingly, the cleaning agent 10 is produced in the present embodiment. The aqueous solution 38 of baking soda in the cleaning agent 10 produced by this process is a saturated aqueous solution of baking soda that was produced in step S101. Therefore, the solid cleaning components 40 in the present embodiment do not contain any baking soda particles 42 and consist of the glass particles 41. Glass particles 41 are insoluble in water. Therefore, the volume fraction of the glass particles 41 in the cleaning agent 10 corresponds to the aforementioned solid volume fraction Cs in the raw material. It should be noted that the Fig. The recycling process shown in the present embodiment is the same as in the first embodiment.

[0085] According to the cleaning agent 10, the aqueous solution 38 of baking soda contained in the cleaning agent 10 is a saturated aqueous solution of baking soda. The solid cleaning components 40 in the cleaning agent 10 do not contain any baking soda particles 42 and consist of glass particles 41. Therefore, in the present embodiment of the cleaning agent 10, the chemical cleaning power of the aqueous solution 38 of baking soda can be maximized by using a saturated aqueous solution of baking soda as the aqueous solution 38. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the cleaning agent 10 can contain additional glass particles 41, which have a higher particle density than the baking soda particles 42, compared to the composition of the first embodiment, thereby maximizing the solid content Rg of glass.Therefore, according to the present embodiment of the cleaning agent 10, it is likely that the chemical cleaning power is obtained from the saturated aqueous solution of baking soda and that the physical cleaning power is enhanced by the solid cleaning components 40. Consequently, the cleaning power of the cleaning agent 10 can be improved by the synergistic effect of its chemical and physical cleaning properties.

[0086] For example, during cleaning in step S205 in Fig. 7. The experimental results are represented by a relationship point Pws, which is in Fig. Figure 11 is shown. According to the experimental results, the measured brightness L*, indicated by the reference point Pws in the present embodiment, is higher than any measured brightness L* indicated by the multiple reference points Pw obtained by varying the solids content Rg of glass in the first embodiment. Therefore, it is considered advantageous to formulate the cleaning agent 10 using a saturated aqueous solution of baking soda in combination with the glass particles 41, as in the present embodiment, in order to achieve high cleaning efficiency.

[0087] Apart from the foregoing explanation, the present embodiment corresponds to the first embodiment. In this embodiment, the effects achievable through the configuration common to the first embodiment can be achieved in a similar manner. (Changes or modifications)

[0088] (1) In each of the embodiments described above, steps S202, S206 and S208 are included in the Fig. The recycling process shown in section 7 is not required. Any or all of these steps can be omitted. If step S202 is omitted, step S203 can also be omitted. Likewise, if step S206 is omitted, step S207 can also be omitted.

[0089] (2) In the second embodiment described above, the component described in step S102 contains Fig.The cleaning agent 10 produced in the second embodiment contains glass particles 41 and no baking soda particles 42 as solid cleaning components 40. This configuration is an example of the configuration of the cleaning agent 10 in the present invention. For example, in the second embodiment, the solid cleaning components 40 of the cleaning agent 10 may also contain some baking soda particles 42 in addition to the glass particles 41. In other words, in the second embodiment, the solid cleaning components 40 may consist of the glass particles 41 and the solid baking soda particles 42, which constitute a smaller mass fraction than the glass particles 41.

[0090] (3) In the second embodiment described above, the aqueous solution 38 of baking soda contained in the cleaning agent 10 is a saturated aqueous solution of baking soda, and the sodium concentration of the aqueous solution 38 of baking soda is a saturated concentration. This configuration is an example of the configuration of the cleaning agent 10 in the present invention. For example, the aqueous solution 38 of baking soda in the cleaning agent 10 in the second embodiment can be an aqueous solution with a sodium concentration that is somewhat below the saturated concentration. More precisely, the aqueous solution 38 of baking soda can, for example, be an aqueous solution with a sodium concentration of 90% or more and 99% or less of the saturated concentration.

[0091] (4) In each of the aforementioned embodiments, an alkaline aqueous solution contained in the cleaning agent 10 is the aqueous solution 38 of baking soda obtained by dissolving baking soda in water. This configuration is an example of the configuration of the cleaning agent 10 of the present invention. For example, in each embodiment of the cleaning agent 10, the alkaline aqueous solution may be an aqueous solution obtained by dissolving materials other than baking soda in water.

[0092] (5) The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but can be carried out with various modifications. Each element of the embodiments mentioned above is not necessarily required as an element unless it is expressly stated to be particularly essential or is fundamentally critical, etc.

[0093] When numerical values ​​are described for the number, quantity, area, etc., of the elements, the present invention is not limited to these values ​​unless expressly stated as particularly essential or a general limitation to a specific value is imposed. Likewise, when the shape, orientation, positional relationship, etc., of the elements, etc., is described, the present invention is not limited to these shapes, orientations, positional relationships, etc., unless expressly stated as particularly essential or a general limitation to a specific shape, orientation, positional relationship, etc. The modifications are also not limited to the foregoing description. For example, several embodiments that differ from those described above may be combined with one another, provided there is no technical contradiction between them.Likewise, several modifications can be combined as long as there is no technical contradiction between them. QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] JP 2000-343435 A [0002, 0003]

Claims

[1] A cleaning agent (10) that is sprayed onto a cleaning target (12) to clean the cleaning target, comprising: an alkaline aqueous solution (38); and Glass particles (41). [2] The cleaning agent according to claim 1, wherein the alkaline aqueous solution is an aqueous solution of baking soda, and Solid components (40) in the cleaning agent: the glass particles and baking soda particles (42) contain a lower mass fraction than the glass particles, or which contain glass particles and do not contain baking soda particles. [3] The cleaning agent according to claim 1, wherein the alkaline aqueous solution is a saturated aqueous solution of baking soda, and solid components (40) in the cleaning agent: the glass particles and baking soda particles (42) contain a lower mass fraction than the glass particles, or which contain glass particles and do not contain baking soda particles. [4] The cleaning agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cleaning target is a metal part for a vehicle. [5] A method for producing a cleaning agent (10) which is sprayed onto a cleaning target (12) to clean the cleaning target, comprising: Production of baking soda particles (42) with an average particle diameter of 200 µm or more and 400 µm or less, glass particles (41) with an average particle diameter of 200 µm or more and 400 µm or less, and water (S101); and Mixing the baking soda particles, the glass particles and the water (S102), wherein during mixing the volume fraction (Cs) of the solids before mixing to the total volume, which is the sum of the volume of the baking soda particles and the glass particle-containing solids before mixing and the volume (Vw) of water is 10 vol% or more and 30 vol% or less, and a mass fraction (Rg) of the glass particles in the solids before mixing is greater than 50 mass % and is equal to or less than 99% by mass. [6] The method for producing the cleaning agent according to claim 5, wherein the baking soda particles, the glass particles with a mass fraction of 85% by mass or more and 95% by mass or less, and the water are mixed. [7] A method for producing a cleaned article (13) in which a cleaning target (12) is cleaned, comprising: Preparing the cleaning target (S204); Preparing a cleaning agent (10) containing an alkaline aqueous solution (38) and glass particles (41) (S101, S102); Cleaning the cleaning target by spraying the cleaning agent onto the cleaning target; and Preserving the cleaned item as the cleaning goal after cleaning (S205). [8] The method for producing a purified item according to claim 7, further comprising: during the production of the cleaning agent Production of baking soda particles (42) with an average particle diameter of 200 µm or more and 400 µm or less, of glass particles with an average particle diameter of 200 µm or more and 400 µm or less, and water (S101); and Mixing the baking soda particles, the glass particles and the water (S102), wherein during mixing a volume fraction (Cs) of the solids before mixing to the total volume, which is the sum of the volume of the baking soda particles and the glass particle content of the solids before mixing and a volume (Vw) of water is 10 vol% or more and 30 vol% or less, and a mass fraction (Rg) of the glass particles in the solids before mixing is greater than 50 mass % and equal to or less than 99 mass %. [9] The method for producing a purified item according to claim 7 or 8, further comprising: Measuring the brightness (L*) of a surface (131) of the cleaned item after obtaining the cleaned item; and If the measured brightness is equal to or greater than a second predetermined threshold, determine that the cleaned item is considered a satisfactory product (S206). [10] A method for cleaning a cleaning target (12) to which dirt (12a) adheres, comprising: Preparing the cleaning target (S204); Preparing a cleaning agent (10) containing an alkaline aqueous solution (38) and glass particles (41) (S101, S102); and Cleaning the cleaning target by spraying the cleaning agent onto the cleaning target to remove the dirt from the cleaning target (S205). [11] The method for cleaning a cleaning target according to claim 10, further comprising: Measuring the brightness (L*) of a surface (121) of the cleaning target before cleaning; and if the measured brightness is equal to or greater than a first predetermined threshold (S202), determine that it is possible for the cleaning to remove dirt (12a) from the cleaning target.

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