High-speed locking device and circuitry comprising a high-speed locking device

Abstract

High-speed locking device (123) comprising the following: - a first fixed contact piece (2) which is made of a conductive material; - a second fixed contact piece (3) which is made of a conductive material and is facing the first fixed contact piece (2) to form an arrangement; - a movable contact piece (4) with a tip made of a conductive material, wherein the movable contact piece (4) has a sliding guide area (4d) with a hollow hole in which the side opposite the tip is open at an inner area, and wherein the movable contact piece (4) is separated from the first fixed contact piece (2) and the second fixed contact piece (3) by a distance which is longer than the insulating distance in order to form an arrangement before the high-speed closing device is closed, and wherein the movable contact piece (4) inserts the tip between the first fixed contact piece (2) and the second fixed contact piece (3) as soon as the high-speed closing device is closed, and which electrically connects the first fixed contact piece (2) and the second fixed contact piece (3) to each other; - a vacuum housing (1) with a fixed guide area (1g), a vacuum area and an air space in which the vacuum area is kept in a decompression state, wherein the first fixed contact piece (2), the second fixed contact piece (3) and the movable contact piece (4) are arranged in the vacuum housing (1) and the fixed guide area (1g) is arranged in the air space; - a membrane (5) by means of which the airtightness of the vacuum space and the air space is maintained in a closing direction of the movable contact piece (4), and - wherein the movable contact piece (4) is inserted between the first fixed contact piece (2) and the second fixed contact piece (3) by means of a bending or bulging process of the membrane (5) and electrically connects the first fixed contact piece (2) with the second fixed contact piece (3), wherein the sliding guide area (4d) of the movable contact piece (4) is displaced along the fixed guide area (1g) of the vacuum housing (1).

Description

Technical area

[0001] The present invention relates to a high-speed closing device which quickly grounds an electrical circuit in which a fault occurs and can cause a fault electrical current to flow to the ground, or very quickly short-circuits the electrical circuits in which a fault occurs and can bypass and pass a fault electrical current when an electrical fault such as an earth fault or a short circuit occurs in a switchgear. State of the art

[0002] An electrical energy receiving and transforming system is a system essential to the social infrastructure for electrical energy supply and the energy needs of a building, factory, or the like, and requires very high levels of safety and reliability. Therefore, a process is used that adequately considers safety and reliability throughout the entire process, from manufacturing to installation work and maintenance.

[0003] However, there is the very rare case where an insulating function of an electrical circuit is lost and an accidental failure, such as an earth fault or a short circuit, is caused by the intrusion of a small animal or foreign material which was not expected, by deterioration of the insulation due to aging during use, or by an equipment failure caused by an expected major earthquake.

[0004] In particular, when an internal short-circuit fault occurs in an enclosed device such as a switchgear, a large electric current arc is also generated, and a plasma state of 10,000°C to 20,000°C is created in the vicinity of the arc, causing partial vaporization of nearby metal or insulating material. In addition, the temperature of a gas with insulating properties, such as the air surrounding the arc, is instantly raised to a high temperature, causing the gas to expand, and the pressure within the device to become very high.

[0005] Generally, a pressure relief device is provided in the switchgear or the like, and metal gas and gas from broken insulating material, which are vaporized within approximately 10 ms, and a high-pressure gas with insulating properties that undergoes thermal expansion are discharged to the outside of the device, thus preventing damage to the switchgear. As the fault continues, the arc with the large electric current is continuously maintained, thus magnifying the fault in the vicinity of the arc in the device.

[0006] The elimination of an electrical fault occurring in the above-described electrical power receiving and transforming system is performed using an electrical circuit breaker provided to protect the electrical circuit. The electrical circuit breaker detects the fault and disconnects a faulty electrical circuit according to the operation of the switch. However, it currently takes approximately 100 ms or more to eliminate the arc of the switchgear. In the above-described case, the damage to the electrical power receiving and transforming system is extensive, and it is estimated that damage that makes a device unusable will be caused to the device in which the fault occurs.

[0007] In order to counteract the above-described problem after an electrical fault such as a ground fault or a short circuit is caused, a method has been proposed by which a faulty electrical current is diverted and conducted to the ground within a very short time by using a ground closing circuit having an impedance much lower than the impedance of the faulty circuit, and a high-speed closing device for use in the ground closing circuit has been proposed, by which an arc at a faulty portion can be eliminated within a short time, and a short-circuit closing operation is performed within a short time (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1).

[0008] In a high-speed closing device described in Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1, a contact is formed between the phases of an electrical circuit or between the electrodes connecting the electrical circuit to the ground. When a contact is formed, it is necessary to maintain a space by which the insulation distance is wider than the insulation distance at which a discharge or the like is not caused between a contact of a movable contact piece and a fixed contact piece terminal, and it is necessary to maintain a large distance between the electrodes. When the large distance between the electrodes is maintained, the sliding distance of the movable contact piece for connecting between the electrodes is increased, and the time until a short-circuiting and closing operation is performed is extended.

[0009] To counteract the problem, a high-speed closing device has been proposed in which two contacts are formed between the phases of an electric circuit or between the electrodes connecting the electric circuit to the ground, and the distance between each of the electrodes is shortened, and a short-circuiting and closing operation can be performed within a short time (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

[0010] Patent Document 3 describes a method for extinguishing an arc fault in a medium- and high-voltage switchgear, in which at least one short-circuit element is connected between the phases of a three-phase distribution system. To ensure reliable arc fault extinguishing, the arc fault is detected by sensors, and the short-circuiting element is fired by an explosive charge acting directly on the short-circuiting element against a conical contact structure connected to the three-phase conductors and complementary to the short-circuiting element. The complementary contours of the short-circuiting element and the three-phase conductors ensure that the short-circuiting element remains self-locking in the short-circuit position without requiring any holding force.

[0011] Patent Document 4 shows a switchgear comprising a vacuum interruption chamber and a short-circuit system arranged within the vacuum interruption chamber. To enable rapid switching, a vacuum region of the vacuum interruption chamber, in which a stationary contact piece is located, is divided by a membrane provided with a predetermined breaking point, which can be penetrated by a movable piston system to the contact piece during switching.

[0012] Patent Document 5 shows a vacuum interrupter for high short-circuit currents. The vacuum interrupter comprises a vacuum housing and mutually insulated contacts arranged therein, at least one of which is a fixed contact and at least one of which is a moving contact, with several contact pairs electrically connected in parallel. For use in the low-voltage range, the area occupied by the contacts in the housing occupies at least 30% of the cross-sectional area in the switching chamber. The area of ​​the contacts relative to the maximum area of ​​a single contact is at least 45%. State of the artPatent documents Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Publication JP 5 254 340 B2 Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Publication JP 3 432 236 B2. Patent document 3: DE 10 2006 024 991 A1 Patent document 4: US 2010 / 0 219 162 A1 Patent document 5: WO 2003 / 005 393 A1. Non-patent document

[0013] Non-Patent Document 1: UFES S3-Speed, Safety, Savings (ABB catalog) Summary of the inventionProblems to be solved by the invention

[0014] In a high-speed closure device described in Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1, a contact is formed between the phases of an electrical circuit or between the electrodes connecting the electrical circuit to the ground. In this case, the distance between the contact of a movable contact piece and the contact of a fixed contact piece corresponds to all the voltages between the electrodes, and it is necessary to maintain an insulation distance longer than the insulation distance at which a discharge or the like is not caused.

[0015] When the contact of the movable contact piece and the contact of the fixed contact piece are arranged in a vacuum, the following applies: Although the insulation distance of the contacts can be shortened compared to the air contacts or the like, when a high voltage is applied between the electrodes, it is necessary to maintain a large distance according to the high voltage.

[0016] As the distance between the contact of the movable contact piece and the contact of the fixed contact piece increases, the sliding distance between the movable contact piece and the connection between the electrodes also increases, and after a closing operation is initiated, the time required for a short-circuit closing operation of a circuit also increases. Furthermore, in a high-speed closing device described in Patent Document 1, it is also necessary for a metal layer to be cut during a closing operation of the movable contact piece.

[0017] In this case, there is a case where the closing operation of the movable contact piece is delayed, and the time period until the short-circuit closing operation of the circuit is performed is further increased, and a variation in the time of the short-circuit closing operation is increased according to a manufacturing variation of the metal layer.

[0018] When the movable contact piece and a plunger are shifted for driving, there is a problem that a closing operation of the movable contact piece is delayed when the movable contact piece is shifted and contact is made between peripheral components, and a long period of time is required until the short-circuit closing operation is carried out.

[0019] An example in which two contacts are formed between the phases of an electric circuit or between the electrodes connecting the electric circuit to the ground is described in Patent Document 2. As described above, two contacts are provided in series so that the insulation distance, which is the distance between a contact of a movable contact piece and a contact of a fixed contact piece, can be shortened, and so that the displacement distance of the movable contact piece can be shortened when a short-circuit closing operation is performed.

[0020] However, in Patent Document 2, the movable contact piece performs an opening / closing operation according to a mechanical closing operation, and there is a problem that a sufficient closing speed cannot be maintained, and it is difficult to shorten the time until both movable contact pieces start a closing operation and a short-circuit closing operation is performed. Ways to solve the problems

[0021] The object is achieved by a high-speed locking device having the features of claim 1. Advantageous further developments arise from subclaims 2 to 12. Furthermore, the object is achieved by a high-speed locking device having the features of claim 12. Advantageous further developments arise from subclaims 13 to 22. Furthermore, the object is achieved by a switchgear having the features of claim 23. Effects of the invention

[0022] In the high-speed closing device according to the present invention, two contacts are provided in series so that the insulation distance between a contact of a movable contact piece and a contact of a fixed contact piece can be shortened, and so that the displacement distance of the movable contact piece can be shortened when a short-circuit closing operation is performed.

[0023] In addition, the high-speed closing device is actuated according to a pressure variation caused by a gas generating portion disposed at a hollow portion of the two movable contact pieces, and a closing operation of the contacts is performed, so that the connection between the phases or a grounding between the ground and the high-speed closing device can be performed very quickly when an electrical fault is caused. Short description of the drawings Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a high-speed locking device (before operation) according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a plan view illustrating the high-speed closing device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Fig. 3 is a view illustrating the direction of electromagnetic force caused between a movable contact piece and a fixed contact piece in the high-speed locking device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the high-speed closing device (after operation) according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Fig. Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the high-speed clamping device taken along the line “YY” shown in Fig. 4 is indicated; Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a high-speed clamping device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a high-speed clamping device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention; Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a high-speed clamping device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention; Fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a high-speed clamping device according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention; Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a high-speed locking device (before operation) according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention; Fig. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the high-speed closing device (after operation) according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention; Fig. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a high-speed clamping device according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention; Fig. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a high-speed clamping device according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention; and Fig. 14 is a configuration diagram illustrating a switchgear using the high-speed locking device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Embodiments of the invention

[0024] In the following explanation and in each of the drawings according to the embodiments of the invention, the parts having the same reference numerals refer to the same or equivalent parts. Embodiment 1Configuration of a high-speed locking device

[0025] A configuration of a high-speed locking device according to Embodiment 1 is described using Fig. 1 and Fig. 2. In the high-speed closing device shown in Embodiment 1, a movable contact piece is actuated between two fixed contact pieces to close an electric circuit, and Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the high-speed closing device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a plan view illustrating the high-speed closing device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0026] An outer part of a vacuum enclosure 1 is formed using an insulating portion 1a, such as ceramic, and a metal shell 1b formed using a stainless material, which constitute part of the vacuum enclosure 1. Furthermore, a metal plate 1c is used at a part where a hermetically sealed vacuum connection of a first fixed contact piece 2 is formed on the vacuum enclosure 1 using soldering, and a metal plate 1d is used at a part where a hermetically sealed vacuum connection of a second fixed contact piece 3 is formed in a similar manner. An inner portion of the metal shell 1b is formed with a partition frame 1e, to which a hermetically sealed vacuum connection is formed, and a flange 1f fixed to the metal shell 1b.

[0027] The first fixed contact piece 2 is made of a conductive material, such as copper, and an electric current of, for example, several tens of kA can be passed through it for several seconds. The first fixed contact piece 2 has an engagement screw hole 2a through which the first fixed contact piece 2 is connected to an electrical system circuit. The second fixed contact piece 3 is formed of copper in a similar manner to the first fixed contact piece 2, and an engagement screw hole 3a is formed through which the second fixed contact piece 3 is connected to the electrical system circuit.

[0028] A movable contact piece 4 has a closing contact portion 4a, which energizes and contacts the first fixed contact piece 2 and the second fixed contact piece 3 in a bridging state, at a front or tip of the movable contact piece 4. Furthermore, a sliding portion 4b of the movable contact piece 4 and an insulating portion 4c, which connects the closing contact portion 4a to the sliding portion 4b, are formed, and a sliding guide portion 4d, which assists a sliding operation of the movable contact piece 4, is formed at an inner portion of the sliding portion 4b. A fixed guide portion 1g, which is formed on the flange 1f, is inserted into the sliding guide portion 4d, so that the sliding operation of the movable contact piece 4 is assisted.

[0029] A hermetically sealed vacuum connection for an outer cylindrical surface of the sliding portion 4b of the movable contact piece 4 is performed on the diaphragm 5, and a hermetically sealed vacuum connection for an outer periphery of the diaphragm 5 is performed on the separation frame 1e formed on the vacuum housing 1. Therefore, in Fig. 1 the left side of the diaphragm 5 of the vacuum housing 1 is a vacuum area, and the right side is an air space, and the outside air is ventilated at a connecting area between the metal housing area 1b of the vacuum housing 1 and the flange 1f or at a part of the flange 1f.

[0030] The insulating portion 4c has insulating properties to ensure that a faulty electrical current is not divided and flows through the closing contact portion 4a of the movable contact piece 4 when the faulty electrical current is passed through a passage connecting the first fixed contact piece 2, the closing contact portion 4a of the movable contact piece 4 and the second fixed contact piece 3.

[0031] The movable contact piece 4 is mounted such that the sliding guide portion 4d of the movable contact piece 4 is superimposed over the fixed guide portions 1g formed on the flange 1f. A gas generation portion 7 and an initiator 8 of the gas generation portion 7 are mounted between the fixed guide portion 1g and the movable contact piece 4. The gas generation portion 7 is a device that generates a high-pressure gas according to a chemical reaction of black powder or the like, and the initiator 8 corresponds to an ignition device when the black powder is used for the gas generation portion 7.

[0032] A signal transmission device, such as an optical fiber 9, which transmits an initiation signal is connected to the initiation device 8, and a connector 10 is installed and fixed to a mounting device 6. The mounting device 6 is fixed to the flange 1f using an engaging component 11, and further, an engaging screw hole 6a is formed on the mounting device 6, and the high-speed locking device is fixed to a device such as a switchgear using the engaging screw hole 6a.

[0033] Fig. Figure 2 is a plan view illustrating the high-speed locking device used in Fig. 1 is indicated, according to embodiment 1, and Fig. 2 shows the arrangement of the insulating area 1a, the metal housing area 1b and the metal plate 1c of the vacuum housing 1, as well as the first fixed contact piece 2.

[0034] The metal plate 1c is used to easily perform work when hermetically sealing the vacuum connection of the first fixed contact piece 2 to the vacuum housing 1 is performed using soldering or the like, and if it is not problematic for a process, the first fixed contact piece 2 may be directly attached to the vacuum housing 1 without using the metal plate 1c.

[0035] The metal plate 1d is used on a back surface of the metal plate 1c of the vacuum enclosure 1, and if it is not problematic for a process of the metal plate 1d which is similar to a process of the metal plate 1c, then it is not necessary to use the metal plate 1d. Closing process of the high-speed locking device

[0036] A closing operation of the high-speed closing device according to Embodiment 1 is carried out using Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, which are used to explain the configuration of the high-speed locking device. Fig. 3 is an explanatory view showing the direction of an electromagnetic force just before the movable contact piece 4 comes into contact with the first fixed contact piece 2 and the second fixed contact piece 3 in the high-speed locking device according to Embodiment 1.

[0037] Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the high-speed closing device according to Embodiment 1 after the high-speed closing device has been closed. Fig. 5 is a view in the direction of the arrow along the “YY” cross-section in Fig. 4.

[0038] In Fig. 1, the first fixed contact piece 2 is connected to an electrical circuit of one phase, and the second fixed contact piece 3 is connected to an electrical circuit of the other phase. Before the high-speed closing device is closed, the movable contact piece 4 is separated from the first fixed contact piece 2 and the second fixed contact piece 3 by a distance that maintains an insulating property, and is held in a position corresponding to the diaphragm 5.

[0039] When an electrical fault between phases is caused in an electrical circuit, a signal is transmitted from a fault detector (not shown) via a transmission device such as the optical fiber 9, and the initiation device 8 is initiated via the connector 10 and the optical fiber 9, and the gas generating portion 7 is actuated. High-pressure gas generated by the gas generating portion 7 is filled into a space in the movable contact piece 4, and the sliding guide portion 4d of the movable contact piece 4 is slid along the fixed guide portion 1g formed on the flange 1f of the vacuum housing 1, so that the high-pressure gas in Fig. 1 is extruded in the left direction.

[0040] In this case, the diaphragm 5 is displaced according to the displacement of the movable contact piece 4. When the deformation value exceeds a constant value and passes through a dead center, the diaphragm 5 is reversed, and the stress accumulated by the deformation diverges very rapidly. The movable contact piece 4 is driven very rapidly by the initial acceleration activation due to the generation of high-pressure gas from the gas generation section 7, as well as by the influence of the stress diverging due to the reversal of the diaphragm 5.

[0041] As in Fig. 3, the movable contact piece 4 is closed between the first fixed contact piece 2 and the second fixed contact piece 3, and an electric current I flows just before the movable contact piece 4 comes into contact with the first fixed contact piece 2 and the second fixed contact piece 3. A pre-arc electric current Ia is passed through a gap between the first fixed contact piece 2 and the closing contact portion 4a of the movable contact piece 4 and a gap between the closing contact portion 4a of the movable contact piece 4 and the second fixed contact piece 3, and an acceleration action is applied to the movable contact piece 4 by means of an electromagnetic force F; further, the closing speed is increased.

[0042] In addition, the membrane 5 used in this case uses a configuration in which steps are formed concentrically, as shown in Fig. 1, or a configuration in which thin-walled portions are formed concentrically, so that the inversion of the diaphragm 5 can be achieved using low energy, and the closing time of the movable contact piece 4 can be further shortened.

[0043] Fig. 4 indicates a state in which the movable contact piece 4 reaches a region between the first fixed contact piece 2 and the second fixed contact piece 3, and the first fixed contact piece 2 and the second fixed contact piece 3 are electrically connected in a bridging state via the closing contact portion 4a of the movable contact piece 4. Therefore, the membrane 5, which in Fig. 4, a state in which the diaphragm 5 is reversed according to a sliding operation of the movable contact piece 4.

[0044] In addition, Fig. 5 a view in the direction of the arrow along the “YY” cross-section in Fig. 4, and Fig. 5 indicates a state in which the first fixed contact piece 2 and the second fixed contact piece 3 are electrically connected via the closing contact portion 4a when the first fixed contact piece 2 and the second fixed contact piece 3 are viewed from the “Y” direction.

[0045] It is assumed that the distance between the first fixed contact piece 2 and the second fixed contact piece 3 (the insulating distance between electrical circuit poles) is the bottom side of an isosceles triangle, and that the distance between the first fixed contact piece 2 and the movable contact piece 4 and the distance between the second fixed contact piece 3 and the movable contact piece 4 (the insulating distance between an electrical circuit and the ground) are the two sides of the isosceles triangle.

[0046] In this case, it is necessary that the required dielectric strength satisfies the following relation: “Dielectric strength between the electrical circuit poles” ≥ “dielectric strength between the electrical circuit and the earth”.

[0047] There is a positive correlation between the dielectric strength and the insulation distance, so the above relationship can be represented as "insulation distance between the electrical circuit poles" ≥ "insulation distance between the electrical circuit and the ground", and the "height" is smaller than the "length of a bottom surface" in the isosceles triangle in which the above relationship is satisfied.

[0048] In other words, the displacement distance is short, and high-speed closing can be performed when the movable contact piece 4 separated by a distance corresponding to the "height" between the first fixed contact piece 2 and the second fixed contact piece 3 is displaced and connected, compared with a case where the movable contact piece 4 separated by a distance corresponding to the "bottom length" from the first fixed contact piece 2 is displaced and connected.

[0049] Furthermore, assume the case where the mounting device 6 is formed of an insulating material, and a portion structurally connected to the movable contact piece 4 is brought to a medium electric potential. The insulation distance between the first fixed contact piece 2 and the movable contact piece 4 and the insulation distance between the second fixed contact piece 3 and the movable contact piece 4 can be approximated to half the distance between the first fixed contact piece 2 and the second fixed contact piece 3, and the closing time can be further shortened.

[0050] When an electrical fault is caused, in an equipment such as a switchgear, the electrical fault is detected, and an optical signal of a closing command for the high-speed closing device is supplied to the initiating device 8 via the optical fiber 9, and a high-pressure gas is instantaneously generated by initiating the gas generating section 7.

[0051] The movable contact piece 4 is in Fig. 1 is driven in the leftward direction by the high-pressure gas, and the closing contact portion 4a of the movable contact piece 4 and the first fixed contact piece 2 are electrically contacted, and the closing contact portion 4a of the movable contact piece 4 and the second fixed contact piece 3 are electrically brought into contact.

[0052] Thereby, an electric circuit connected to the first fixed contact piece 2 is connected to an electric circuit connected to the second fixed contact piece 3 via the closing contact portion 4a of the movable contact piece 4, and the electric circuits are brought into a conductive state.

[0053] As a result, a fault electric current in a faulty portion which is brought into an energized state via a resistance of an arc is diverted and redirected by the high-speed closing device of the present invention, the impedance of which is very low, so that the arc generated in the faulty portion is eliminated.

[0054] The high-speed closure device according to Embodiment 1 is used, which is arranged between the phases of the electrical circuit and between the electrical circuit and the ground, and while the electrical fault current is passed through, a protective relay and a circuit breaker of an electrical power receiving and transforming system are operated, and an electrical circuit at a faulty portion is disconnected, so that the fault can be removed from the electrical power receiving and transforming system.

[0055] In the above explanations, although a configuration in which the high-speed locking device according to Embodiment 1 is connected and arranged between the phases of the electric circuit is mainly described, a similar effect can be achieved even if the first fixed contact piece 2 is connected to the electric circuit and the second fixed contact piece 3 is connected to a ground line.

[0056] In the high-speed locking device according to the present invention, a maximum short-circuit current of an electric power system can be passed from a time when an electrical fault is caused to a time when a circuit breaker of the electric power system is operated (at most a few seconds in usual cases).

[0057] Therefore, the influence of heat and pressure increase caused by the occurrence of an electrical fault in an equipment such as a switchgear lasts from a time when an electrical fault is caused to a time when the high-speed closing device of the present invention is closed.

[0058] Therefore, a shutdown condition of equipment such as the switchgear varies greatly depending on a very short time, for example, 1 / 10 ms, after the electrical fault is caused. For example, if the time period between the time an electrical fault is detected and the time an initial command of the high-speed closing device is issued is equivalent to that of the conventional technique, then the high-speed closing device according to Embodiment 1 is a high-speed closing device whose closing time is, in principle, short. Therefore, damage that occurs when an electrical fault is caused can be further reduced. Embodiment 2

[0059] A high-speed locking device according to embodiment 2 is manufactured using Fig. 6 described. Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the high-speed closing device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The diaphragm 5 used in the high-speed closing device according to Embodiment 1 is formed in such a manner that the diaphragm 5 is arranged in a symmetrical position with respect to a dead center before and after a buckling operation of the diaphragm 5 according to an operation of the movable contact piece 4.

[0060] However, as in Fig. 6, a diaphragm 12 according to Embodiment 2, which is mounted in such a manner that the diaphragm 5 is disposed in an asymmetrical position with respect to a dead center before and after a buckling operation of the diaphragm 12 according to an operation of the movable contact piece 4, is different from the diaphragm 5 according to Embodiment 1. In other words, in the diaphragm 12 according to Embodiment 2, the diaphragm 12 is disposed in a position of the diaphragm 12a (before closing operation) indicated by a solid line before the movable contact piece 4 is closed, and the diaphragm 12 is disposed in a position of the diaphragm 12b (after closing operation) indicated by a broken line after the movable contact piece 4 is closed.

[0061] The operation of the diaphragm 12 will be explained in detail below. Before the movable contact piece 4 is closed, the diaphragm 12a is maintained (before the closing operation) in a state where an angle α is maintained with respect to a dead center of bulging, and in a state where the movable contact piece 4 is in contact with a flange portion 1f of the vacuum housing 1.

[0062] In a state where the movable contact piece 4 is slid and closed, the diaphragm 12b (after the closing operation) is held at an angle β with respect to the dead center of bulging, and a contact force necessary for a first fixed contact piece 2 and a second fixed contact piece 3 is applied to a closing contact portion 4a of the movable contact piece 4.

[0063] In the configuration of the high-speed closing device according to Embodiment 2, in order to further reduce the time from when the movable contact piece 4 starts a driving operation until the diaphragm 12 reaches the dead center of bulging and bulging reversal occurs, it is effective to make the angle α as close to 0° as possible. In this case, the closing and driving energy can be reduced, and the closing time can be further shortened. Embodiment 3

[0064] A high-speed closing device according to embodiment 3 is manufactured using Fig. 7 described. Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the high-speed closure device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. The movable contact piece 4 used in the high-speed closure device according to Embodiment 1 is formed of the closing contact portion 4a, the insulating portion 4c, and the sliding portion 4b. However, a movable contact piece 13 according to Embodiment 3 is formed of a closing contact portion 13a made of a low-resistance conductive material such as copper, and a sliding portion 13b made of a relatively high-resistance material such as iron or stainless steel.

[0065] In the high-speed closure device according to Embodiment 3, although a metal material is used for the sliding portion 13b, the metal material has relatively high resistance, and a plastic material with high hermeticity can also be used. The movable contact piece 13 according to Embodiment 3 can be manufactured at a low cost compared to the movable contact piece 4 including the insulating portion 4c provided in Embodiment 1, and the high-speed closure device with a short closing time can be obtained at a low cost. Embodiment 4

[0066] A high-speed closing device according to embodiment 4 is manufactured using Fig. 8 described. Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the high-speed closing device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. The movable contact piece 4 used in the high-speed closing device according to Embodiment 1 is formed of the closing contact portion 4a, the insulating portion 4c, and the sliding portion 4b. However, a movable contact piece 14 according to Embodiment 4 is entirely made of an identical material, so the movable contact piece 14 can be manufactured by simple processing, for example, from a round copper bar.

[0067] In the high-speed clamping device according to Embodiment 1, the fixed guide portion 1g is formed using a conductive material identical to the conductive material of the flange 1f in the flange 1f of the vacuum housing 1. However, in the high-speed clamping device according to Embodiment 4, it is necessary that a sliding guide portion 15 made of an insulating material be fixed to a flange 1f in order to be used.

[0068] In the high-speed shutter device according to Embodiment 4, the movable contact piece 14 can be manufactured at a low cost compared with the movable contact piece 4, and an insulating material can be used for a fixed guide portion 1g, so that the high-speed shutter device whose closing time is short can be obtained at a low cost. Embodiment 5

[0069] A high-speed closing device according to embodiment 5 is manufactured using Fig. 9 described. Fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the high-speed locking device according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. In the high-speed locking device according to Embodiment 5, a screw hole 16 is formed on the back of a sliding guide portion 4d of a movable contact piece 4, and the screw diameter (the valley diameter of a hollow screw) is smaller than the diameter of a mounting hole 17 of an initiator 8 attached to a flange 1f.

[0070] In the high-speed locking device according to Embodiment 5, although the movable contact piece 4 uses a configuration in which the screw hole 16 is arranged on the back side of the slide guide portion 4d, the movable contact piece 13 used in the high-speed locking device according to Embodiment 3 or the movable contact piece 14 used in the high-speed locking device according to Embodiment 4 can also be used as the movable contact piece 4.

[0071] When the high-speed closing device is closed, a buckling operation of a diaphragm 5 is carried out, and a closing operation of the movable contact piece 4 is carried out; after the elimination of an arc is completed, the movable contact piece 4 is shifted to a position indicated by a broken line in Fig. 9. In this state, in order to reuse the high-speed closing device of the present invention, an engaging component 11 of a mounting device 6 is removed, and a gas generating portion 7 and the initiating device 8 are removed from the flange 1f.

[0072] In this state, the mounting hole 17 is formed on the flange 1f, and a tool (not shown) is inserted from the mounting hole 17 toward the screw hole 16 formed on the back side of the sliding guide portion 4d of the movable contact piece 4, and the movable contact piece 4 is pulled out. By this operation, the buckling operation of the diaphragm 5 is performed in a state before the diaphragm 5 is closed, and the diaphragm 5 can be pulled and supported, and the gas generating portion 7 and the initiator 8 are replaced with new ones, so that the high-speed closing device can be assembled in an original state.

[0073] In the high-speed closing device according to Embodiment 5, after a closing operation is performed, the movable contact piece 4, the diaphragm 5, and the like can be reassembled in an original state by a simple operation without disassembling the entire high-speed closing device, and the high-speed closing device capable of performing a high-speed closing operation can be manufactured at a low cost. Embodiment 6Configuration of a high-speed locking device

[0074] Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the high-speed closing device according to Embodiment 6. Fig. 10 shows the state before the high-speed locking device is actuated. In the high-speed locking device according to Embodiment 6, there is no such operation that the one movable contact piece 4 is driven between the first fixed contact piece 2 and the second fixed contact piece 3, which is performed in Embodiments 1 to 5, so that an electric circuit is closed.

[0075] Rather, the high-speed locking device has a configuration that is approximately symmetrical in the right-left direction, and it has a configuration in which the locking devices are arranged at the left and right positions, respectively. Therefore, the configuration of the locking devices, which are positioned symmetrically in the left-right direction, will first be described with reference to the locking device arranged on the right side in Fig. 10 is arranged.

[0076] A first fixed contact piece 101 and a first movable contact piece 106 face each other and are arranged in a state where a constant distance is maintained. The first fixed contact piece 101 has an engagement means 101b, such as a screw hole, with which the first fixed contact piece 101 is electrically connected to an electrical circuit or ground, and a contact portion 101a with which the first fixed contact piece 101 is electrically connected to the first movable contact piece 106 when the locking means is actuated.

[0077] The first movable contact piece 106, in turn, has a closing contact portion 106b in a portion facing the first fixed contact piece 101. The pair of the first fixed contact piece 101 and the first movable contact piece 106 is arranged in a first vacuum housing 102 having an approximately cylindrical shape, which has an insulating portion 102a having a cylindrical shape formed using a ceramic material or the like, and the first fixed contact piece 101 and the second fixed contact piece 106 form a closing means on one side (the right side in Fig. 10). The electrical insulation performance of the first fixed contact piece 101 and the first movable contact piece 106 is maintained by an insulating portion 102a having a cylindrical shape.

[0078] A locking device on the left side in Fig. 10 has a substantially identical configuration, and a pair of a second fixed contact piece 103, which has a contact portion 103a and an engaging means 103b of the second fixed contact piece 103, and a second movable contact piece 108, which has a closing contact portion 108b, are arranged in a second vacuum housing 104 having an approximately cylindrical shape and an insulating portion 104a formed using a ceramic material having a cylindrical shape. The second fixed contact piece 103 and the second movable contact piece 108 maintain electrical insulation by using the insulating portion 104a having a cylindrical shape.

[0079] Each of the first movable contact piece 106 and the second movable contact piece 108 is formed by using a conductor having an approximately cylindrical shape, and although an operation method will be described later, the make contact portion 106b and the make contact portion 108b are processed such that the make contact portion 106b and the make contact portion 108b can be easily brought into contact with the contact portion 101a of the first fixed contact piece 101 and the contact portion 103a of the second fixed contact piece 103 when the make contact portion 106b and the make contact portion 108b are operated, and the tip portions have an approximately spherical shape.

[0080] Each of the movable contact piece 106 and the movable contact piece 108, which has a cylindrical shape, has a hollow structure, and each of the opposite sides of the closing contact portion 106b and the closing contact portion 108b is opened.

[0081] The shapes of the opening sides having an approximately cylindrical shape of the first movable contact piece 106 and the second movable contact piece 108 are different from each other, and the first movable contact piece 106 and the second movable contact piece 108 have a so-called nesting configuration in which one movable contact piece is arranged at an inner portion of the other movable contact piece.

[0082] In Fig. 10, although a nesting configuration is formed such that the left second movable contact piece 108 is arranged on the outside and the right first movable contact piece 106 is arranged in the inside, there is no limitation that any of the left and right movable contact pieces is arranged on the outside or on the inside, and it is conceivable that the movable contact pieces are configured such that one movable contact piece is arranged on the outside and the other movable contact piece is arranged on the inside.

[0083] In addition, there is a case where a configuration in which two movable contact pieces are connected in a nested state is referred to as a movable contact piece connection component.

[0084] In Fig. 10 shows the first movable contact piece 106 and the second movable contact piece 108 (the connecting component of the movable contact piece), which have a nested configuration in which the second movable contact piece 108 is located on the outside and the first movable contact piece 106 is located on the inside. The areas where the first movable contact piece 106 and the second movable contact piece 108 overlap each other are referred to as the sliding contact area 106a and the sliding contact area 108a.

[0085] A first cylindrical bellows 107 is formed on an outer peripheral portion of the sliding contact portion 106a, and a second cylindrical bellows 109 is disposed on an outer peripheral portion of the sliding contact portion 108a. The interior portions of the first vacuum housing 102 and the second vacuum housing 104 are placed in a vacuum state, so that the outer peripheral sides of the cylindrical bellows are placed in a vacuum state, and the inner sides of the cylindrical bellows are placed in an atmospheric pressure state (air region 112) in the first cylindrical bellows 107 and the second cylindrical bellows 109. Therefore, the first cylindrical bellows 107 and the second cylindrical bellows 109 are contacted with the connecting component of the movable contact piece to be arranged by means of a hermetic connection.

[0086] The sliding contact portion 106a and the sliding contact portion 108a are arranged in a concentric hollow portion such that the sliding contact portion 106a and the sliding contact portion 108a slide on each other and are in contact with each other. An outer diameter portion 106c of the tip (a protrusion portion) of the sliding contact portion 106a of the first movable contact piece 106 is in contact with the inner surface of a hollow portion of the sliding contact portion 108a of the second movable contact piece 108, and an inner diameter portion 108c of the tip of the sliding contact portion 108a of the second movable contact piece 108 is in contact with an outer surface of the sliding contact portion 106a of the first movable contact piece 106.

[0087] In order to fix the first movable contact piece 106 and the second movable contact piece 108 before the sliding contact portion 106a is operated, a notch portion 106d, by means of which the inner diameter portion 108c of the tip of the second movable contact piece 108 is held, is further formed on the sliding contact portion 106a.

[0088] A contacting operation of the outer diameter portion 106c of the tip of the sliding contact portion 108a and a contacting operation of the inner diameter portion 108c of the tip of the sliding contact portion 106a contribute to a linear sliding operation of the first movable contact piece 106 and the second movable contact piece 108 as a guide, and also an energized state is maintained between the first movable contact piece 106 and the second movable contact piece 108.

[0089] In the high-speed lock device of the present invention, as described later, a leakage electric current is discharged to the ground or the like by connecting the first fixed contact piece 101 and the second fixed contact piece 103, and it is important that the left and right lock devices are operated simultaneously and constantly;To achieve equalization of the common voltage between two vacuum separators, it is important that the vacuum-to-air separation distance, which is a vacuum-to-air distance between the contact area 101a of the first fixed contact piece 101 and the closing contact area 106b of the first movable contact piece 106, and a vacuum-to-air separation distance between the contact area 103a of the second fixed contact piece 103 and the closing contact area 108b of the second movable contact piece 108, as well as the dimensions of the first cylindrical bellows 107 and the second cylindrical bellows 109, are all set to identical design specifications (shape, size, and dielectric constant, or the like, of the insulating material). This improves the imbalance in the high-speed closing device by preventing variations, and the high-speed closing device can be made smaller.

[0090] The first vacuum housing 102 and the second vacuum housing 104 are connected and fixed with an air housing 105 having a cylindrical shape. The space between the first fixed contact piece 101 and the second fixed contact piece 103 and the space between the first movable contact piece 106 and the second movable contact piece 108 in the first vacuum housing 102 and the second vacuum housing 104 are formed as a first vacuum part 110 and a second vacuum part 111, and an electrical discharge or the like, which will be described later, is prevented when the first movable contact piece 106 and the second movable contact piece 108 are operated.

[0091] A gas generating portion 113 is disposed in a hollow portion 122 of the sliding contact portion 106a and the sliding contact portion 108a in which the first movable contact piece 106 and the second movable contact piece 108 are formed in a nested state, and an initiator 114 penetrating the air case 105 so as to be connected to the gas generating portion 113 and a light guide 116 for controlling the initiator 114 are connected.

[0092] The gas generation region 113 increases the pressure in the hollow region 122 of the connecting component of the movable contact piece, which is formed in a nested state, by a pressure increase according to the gas generation. As a result, the first movable contact piece 106 is Fig. 10 in the rightward direction, in a state in which the outer diameter portion 106c of the tip formed on the sliding contact portion 106a of the first movable contact piece 106 is used as a guide, and the second movable contact piece 108 is in Fig. 10 is shifted in the leftward direction in a state in which the tip inner diameter portion 108c formed on the sliding contact portion 108a of the second movable contact piece 108 is used as a guide.

[0093] In addition, a device that generates a gas according to a chemical reaction of black powder or the like to generate a pressure variation may be used, and a device such as a gas ignition device that generates gas according to a valve operation to generate a pressure variation may be used.

[0094] In this case, the air housing 105, the initiator 114, or the like can be fixed using a fixing device 115, a screw hole 105a, or the like formed in the air housing 105, and it is conceivable to use a simple fixing method to easily replace the black powder and to easily mount the gas generating section. It is necessary that the black powder, the gas igniter, or the like in the gas generating section can be replaced when deteriorated due to aging or the like, so it is important to use a simple mounting and replacement method in a case where replacement is performed.

[0095] It is conceivable that the optical fiber 116, which forms a signal line by means of which an actuation signal is transmitted very quickly, is used for an initiation device 114, so in this case, it is important that an initiation device 114 is used that is initiated using an optical signal. Although not shown in detail, the first movable contact piece 106 and the second movable contact piece 108 use a gas generating region 113, such as black powder, when the movable contacts are actuated, and the first movable contact piece 106 and the second movable contact piece 108 are actuated depending on a pressure variation in a state in which the initiation device 114 is used as a guide, so that a slit for the guide is formed. Activation of the high-speed locking device

[0096] Fig. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the high-speed closing device according to Embodiment 6. Fig. 11 shows a state after the high-speed locking device has been operated, which in Fig. 10. The configuration of the high-speed closing device (after actuation) according to Embodiment 6 and a closing operation of the high-speed closing device are described using Fig. 11 described.

[0097] The high-speed closing device according to Embodiment 6 is controlled with an actuation trigger signal, and black powder of the gas generating portion 113 is ignited by the initiator 114 via the light guide 116, and a gas is generated in the hollow portion 122 of the first movable contact piece 106 and the second movable contact piece 108 formed in a nested state.

[0098] The pressure in the hollow portion 122 increases very rapidly according to the generation of the gas, and then the sliding contact portion 106a of the first movable contact piece 106 and the sliding contact portion 108a of the second movable contact piece 108 are slidably moved, and the first movable contact piece 106 and the second movable contact piece 108 are respectively displaced outward.

[0099] The first movable contact piece 106 is displaced to reach the first fixed contact piece 101 located at the right end of the high-speed closing device, and the second movable contact piece 108 is displaced to reach the second fixed contact piece 103 on the left side. The closing contact portion 106b of the first movable contact piece 106 is connected to the contact portion 101a of the first fixed contact piece 101, and the closing contact portion 108b of the second movable contact piece 108 is connected to the contact portion 103a of the second fixed contact piece 103.

[0100] When the first movable contact piece 106 is connected to the first fixed contact piece 101 and the second movable contact piece 108 is connected to the second fixed contact piece 103, an electric current flows, so that an electromagnetic force acts on the contact portion 101a of the first fixed contact piece 101 and the contact portion 103a of the second fixed contact piece 103 in the circumferentially inward direction, and the force with which the closing contact portion 106b of the first movable contact piece 106 and the closing contact portion 108b of the second movable contact piece 108 are held is increased, and the closing state is securely maintained, so that a constant energization can be maintained.

[0101] A ventilation hole 105b toward the outside air is provided in the air housing 105, and even if the pressure in the air housing 105 is lower than the ambient pressure while the first movable contact piece 106 and the second movable contact piece 108 are displaced, an air flow toward the outside air is maintained via the ventilation hole 105b, and the displacement and closing speed of the first movable contact piece 106 and the second movable contact piece 108 is prevented from being restricted.

[0102] Although in Embodiment 6, it is assumed that the high-speed shutter is held in air, it is understood that even if the high-speed shutter is held to be used in an insulating gas other than air, such as SF6, the vent hole 105b formed on the air case 105 functions effectively. Effect of the high-speed locking device

[0103] For example, in a case where the first fixed contact piece 101 and the second fixed contact piece 103 of the high-speed closing device as described in Embodiment 6, the first fixed contact piece 101 is connected to an electric circuit of one phase, and the second fixed contact piece 103 is connected to an electric circuit of the other phase or the ground.

[0104] Therefore, the first movable contact piece 106 and the second movable contact piece 108 are set to an intermediate electric potential of an interphase or to an electric ground potential existing between the first fixed contact piece 101 and the second fixed contact piece 103, and each of half the dielectric strength, which is an electric field strength at which an insulating state can be maintained, is numerically shared by one contact of the first fixed contact piece 101 and the first movable contact piece 106 and one contact of the second fixed contact piece 103 and the second movable contact piece 108.

[0105] In the high-speed locking device actually formed, although there is a case where each of divided interpole pressures of two contacts does not have a uniform distribution in the estimation of the manufacture or an arrangement of an electrical mounting environment circuit of the high-speed locking device, it seems appropriate that the high-speed locking device has approximately a dielectric strength of half an interpole, compared with the case where the contact pieces are configured using one contact disclosed in Patent Document 1.

[0106] Even in high vacuum, the distance between the electrical poles and the dielectric breakdown strength have a positive correlation, so that the contact pieces of the present invention configured using two contacts can have approximately half the distance between the electrical poles compared with the case where the contact pieces are configured using a single contact.

[0107] The first movable contact piece 106 and the second movable contact piece 108 start moving from a static state and are gradually accelerated, and the speed of the movable contact pieces reaches a constant speed.If it is assumed that the acceleration and a constant speed for reaching a lock device in which the sliding distance of a movable contact piece is long, which is configured using a single contact, are identical to the acceleration and a constant speed for reaching the lock device of the present invention configured using two contacts in which a sliding distance of the first movable contact piece 106 and the second movable contact piece 108 is short, then even if a sliding distance is reduced to half the sliding distance, although the time required until a closing operation is performed is not reduced to half the time, the lock device of the present invention can still be closed in a sufficiently short time.

[0108] In a (in Fig. 11) such as a switchgear, the following applies: When an electrical fault such as a ground fault or a short circuit is caused, an optical signal for detecting the electrical fault and controlling the high-speed closing device is supplied to the initiator 114 via the optical fiber 116, and a gas generation region 113 is initiated, which is arranged in an internal region of the hollow region 122 in which the first movable contact piece 106 and the second movable contact piece 108 are formed in a nested configuration. The gas generation region 113 instantaneously generates a high-pressure gas, and the pressure in the hollow region 122 rises very rapidly.

[0109] As a result, the outer diameter portion 106c of the tip of the first movable contact piece 106 and the sliding contact portion 108a of the second movable contact piece 108 as well as the inner diameter portion 108c of the tip of the second movable contact piece 108 and the sliding contact portion 106a of the first movable contact piece 106 are automatically separated, and the first movable contact piece 106 is Fig. 10 is shifted in the direction to the right, and the second movable contact piece 108 is moved in Fig. 10 is shifted in the direction to the left, so that the first movable contact piece 106 and the second movable contact piece 108 are brought into contact with the first fixed contact piece 101 and the second fixed contact piece 103, which the respective movable contact piece faces (see Fig. 11).

[0110] An electric current is passed through the contact portion 101a of the first fixed contact piece 101 and the contact portion 103a of the second fixed contact piece 103, so that an electromagnetic force holding the closing contact portion 106b located at the tip of the first movable contact piece 106 and the closing contact portion 108b located at the tip of the second movable contact piece 8 is exerted, and a contact state of the first fixed contact piece 101 and the first movable contact piece 106 and a contact state of the second fixed contact piece 103 and the second movable contact piece 108 is better ensured.

[0111] Furthermore, the closing contact portion 106b, which is the tip of the first movable contact piece 106, and the closing contact portion 108b, which is the tip of the second movable contact piece 108, are inserted into the contact portion 101a of the first fixed contact piece 101 and the contact portion 103a of the second fixed contact piece 103, so that an energizing contact operation is performed; and even when a closing operation is performed and the closing contact portion 106b and the first fixed contact piece 101, and the closing contact portion 108b and the second fixed contact piece 103, strike and rebound against each other, constant energizing contact can be maintained.

[0112] The first movable contact piece 106 and the second movable contact piece 108 are electrically connected via each of the sliding contact portion 106a and the sliding contact portion 108a, and an energized state is maintained. As a result, an energized state between the first fixed contact piece 101 and the second fixed contact piece 103 can be constantly maintained by closing the high-speed closing device. The electric current of an electrical fault caused in an electrical circuit such as a switchgear is diverted and passed through the high-speed closing device of the present invention, which is provided on the same electrical circuit and has a very low impedance, and an arc caused at a fault point is extinguished.

[0113] While the electrical fault current is passed by using the high-speed closing device of the present invention, which is arranged between the phases of the electrical circuit and between the electrical circuit and the ground, a protective relay and a circuit breaker of an electrical power system are operated, and the electrical circuit at a faulty portion is disconnected, so that the fault in the electrical power system can be removed.

[0114] In the high-speed closing device of the present invention, a maximum short-circuit current of the electric power system can be passed from a time when a fault is caused to a time when a circuit breaker is operated (at most several seconds in the usual case), so that an influence caused by the heat and pressure increase caused by an electrical fault generation in a device such as a switchgear lasts from a time when a fault is caused to a time when the high-speed closing device of the present invention is closed.

[0115] When the high-speed shutter is configured using two contacts as described in the present invention, the sliding distances of the first movable contact piece 106 and the second movable contact piece 108 can be shortened, and the high-speed shutter can be closed in a short time compared with a high-speed shutter configured using a single contact as described in Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1.

[0116] Furthermore, in the high-speed locking device of the present invention, the first movable contact piece 106 and the second movable contact piece 108 are formed in a nesting configuration, and the gas generating portion 113 is formed in the hollow portion 122 between the first movable contact piece 106 and the second movable contact piece 108, so that the first movable contact piece 106 can be quickly connected to the first fixed contact piece 101 facing the first movable contact piece 106, and so that the second movable contact piece 108 can be quickly connected to the second fixed contact piece 103 facing the second movable contact piece 108.

[0117] This is done according to a pressure increase of the hollow portion 122 caused by the drive of the gas generating portion 113, so that the high-speed closing device can be closed very quickly compared with a closing device operated by mechanical power transmission disclosed in Patent Document 2, and the damage to a peripheral device caused when an electrical failure occurs can be limited to slight damage. Embodiment 7

[0118] Fig. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the high-speed clamping device according to Embodiment 7. The basic configuration of the high-speed clamping device according to Embodiment 7 is identical to the basic configuration of the high-speed clamping device described in Embodiment 6, so only the different components will be described.

[0119] The high-speed locking device according to Embodiment 7 is used by being attached to a structure 120, such as a switchgear cabinet, which is at an electrical ground potential. An insulation holding portion 117 functions to perform an insulation operation with respect to an intermediate electrical potential existing between the electrical circuits of a first fixed contact piece 101 and a second fixed contact piece 103, between the insulation holding portion 117 and the ground. The insulation holding portion 117 is also attached to a fixing device 115, and an initiator 114, a light guide 116, and an optical connector 118 are covered. The high-speed locking device is connected to the structure 120 (a state in which a light guide 119 is connected to the optical connector 118 is shown).

[0120] The insulation holding portion 117 may utilize a molded component or the like, which uses, for example, an epoxy resin, and is integrally molded and formed. The structure 120 and the insulation holding portion 117 may be engaged and secured to the structure 120 using a bolt (not shown) penetrating a bolt hole (not shown) formed on the insulation holding portion 117.

[0121] In the high-speed locking device according to Embodiment 7, an electric circuit can be connected to the first fixed contact piece 101 and the second fixed contact piece 103 by using a connecting wire or the like, and the high-speed locking device has the characteristics of the high-speed locking device given in Embodiment 6 and has a characteristic by which the high-speed locking device can be mounted at a free position.

[0122] Therefore, when a high-speed locking device is newly manufactured or when a high-speed locking device is additionally arranged on an existing equipment, an effective layout plan can be realized so that the layout plan is effective for miniaturization and space saving of a switchgear or an electrical power receiving and transforming equipment. Embodiment 8

[0123] Fig. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a high-speed clamping device according to Embodiment 8. The basic configuration of the high-speed clamping device according to Embodiment 8 is identical to the basic configuration of the high-speed clamping device described in Embodiment 6 and Embodiment 7, so only the different parts will be described.

[0124] In the high-speed locking device according to Embodiment 8, a guide 121, by means of which a sliding operation of a first movable contact piece 106 and a second movable contact piece 108 is stabilized, is provided at an inner portion of an air housing 105.The high-speed locking device is configured to stabilize the sliding actions of the first movable contact piece 106 and the second movable contact piece 108, in which the first movable contact piece 106 and the second movable contact piece 108 are respectively slid in opposite directions from a sliding contact portion 106a, a sliding contact portion 108a, a tip outer diameter portion 106c, and a tip inner diameter portion 108c, which are overlapping portions of a movable contact piece connecting component formed of the first movable contact piece 106 and the second movable contact piece 108 having a nesting configuration.In addition, a gas generating region 113 and an initiating device 114, which are arranged in a hollow region 122 of the first movable contact piece 106 and the second movable contact piece 108, partially share the role of a guide for the displacement operations.

[0125] In the high-speed closure device according to Embodiment 8, a guide 121 for a sliding operation is arranged in a portion of an air housing 105 in such a manner that the guide 121 is arranged along an outer peripheral portion of the connecting component of the movable contact piece, so that the gas generation portion 113, the initiator 114, or the like is not necessary to have a guiding function, and the dimensions of the gas generation portion 113, the initiator 114, or the like are not limited, and a selection for the gas generation portion 113, the initiator 114, or the like becomes larger, so that the cost of the high-speed closure device can be reduced. Embodiment 9

[0126] In Fig. 14 shows the configuration of a switchgear 125 using the high-speed shutter 123 shown in Embodiment 1. In this case, although the high-speed shutter 123 shown in Embodiment 1 is used, the high-speed shutter shown in Embodiment 2 to Embodiment 8 may also be used. Fig. 14 shows an example of the configuration of the switchgear 125, and a separation passage is provided between the three-phase bus lines 124 in Fig. 14, and a high-speed closing device 123 is provided.

[0127] In the other case, an isolation passage is formed between the bus lines 124 and the ground or between the electrical circuits 126 connected to the bus lines 124 or between the electrical circuits 126 and the ground, and the high-speed shutter 123 can be arranged and used.

[0128] The electrical circuits 126 are each connected to the three-phase bus lines 124, and each of the electrical circuits 126 is connected to a device via a circuit breaker 127. The high-speed closing device 123 is connected between each of the bus lines 124. When an electrical fault occurs in any of the electrical circuits 126, although the circuit breaker 127 is operated instantaneously, it takes approximately 100 ms or more to clear an arc, so there is a case where the device will be destroyed until the arc is cleared.

[0129] In the above-described case, the bus line 124 to which the electrical circuit 126 is connected, in which an electrical fault is caused within a very short time, is electrically connected to the adjacent bus line 124 by means of the high-speed closure device 123 with an operation of the circuit breaker 127. An electric current passing through the bus line 124 in which an electrical fault is caused is conducted to the other bus line 124 via the high-speed closure device 123 whose impedance is lower, so that the electric current is not supplied to a device, and so that the device is prevented from being destroyed.

[0130] In the high-speed locking device according to Embodiment 9, the high-speed locking device 123 described in Embodiment 1 is used, so that the supply of an electric current to a device can be stopped within a very short time, and so that a protective effect for the device can be achieved. Description of reference symbols 1c Vacuum housing 1a Isolation area 1b Metal housing area 1c plate 1e separation frame 1f flange 1g sliding guide area 2 first fixed contact piece 2a engagement screw hole 3 second fixed contact piece 3a engagement screw hole 4 movable contact piece 4a Closing contact area 4b Sliding area 4c Isolation area 4d sliding guide area 5 Membran 6 Assembly equipment 6a engagement screw hole 7 Gas production area 8 Initiation device 9 light guides 10 connectors 11 Intervention component 12 Membran 12a Membrane 12a (before a closing process) 12b Membrane 12b (after a closing process) 13 movable contact piece 13a Closing contact area 13b Sliding area 14 movable contact piece 15 Sliding guide area 16 screw holes 17 Mounting hole 101 first fixed contact piece 101a Contact area 101b Intervention component 102 first vacuum housing 102a Insulation area 103 second fixed contact piece 103a Contact area 103b Intervention device 104 second vacuum housing 104a Isolation area 105 air housing 105a Screw area 105b Ventilation hole 106 first movable contact piece 106a Sliding contact area 106b Closing contact area 106c outer diameter range of the tip 106d notch area 107 first bellows 108 second movable contact piece 108a Sliding contact area 108b Closing contact area 108c inner diameter range of the tip 109 second bellows 110 first vacuum part 111 second vacuum part 112 Air area 113 Gas production area 114 Initiation device 115 Fixation device 116 light guides 117 Insulation holding area 118 optical connector 119 light guides 120 Construction 121 Guide 122 hollow area 123 High-speed locking device 124 bus lines 125 switchgear 126 electrical circuits 127 disconnectors

Claims

[1] High-speed closing device (123) comprising: - a first fixed contact piece (2) formed from a conductive material; - a second fixed contact piece (3) formed of a conductive material and facing the first fixed contact piece (2) to form an assembly; - a movable contact piece (4) having a tip made of a conductive material, the movable contact piece (4) having a sliding guide portion (4d) with a hollow hole in which the side opposite the tip is open at an inner portion, the movable contact piece (4) being separated from the first fixed contact piece (2) and the second fixed contact piece (3) by a distance longer than the insulating distance to form an assembly before the high-speed closing device is closed, the movable contact piece (4) inserting the tip between the first fixed contact piece (2) and the second fixed contact piece (3) as soon as the high-speed closing device is closed, and electrically connecting the first fixed contact piece (2) and the second fixed contact piece (3) to each other; - a vacuum housing (1) having a fixed guide portion (1g), a vacuum portion and an air space, in which the vacuum portion is kept in a decompression state, wherein the first fixed contact piece (2), the second fixed contact piece (3) and the movable contact piece (4) are arranged in the vacuum housing (1) and the fixed guide portion (1g) is arranged in the air space; - a membrane (5) by means of which the airtightness of the vacuum space and the air space is maintained in a closing direction of the movable contact piece (4), and - wherein the movable contact piece (4) is inserted between the first fixed contact piece (2) and the second fixed contact piece (3) by a buckling or bulging process of the membrane (5) and electrically connects the first fixed contact piece (2) to the second fixed contact piece (3), wherein the sliding guide portion (4d) of the movable contact piece (4) is displaced along the fixed guide portion (1g) of the vacuum housing (1). [2] A high-speed closing device (123) according to claim 1, wherein a gas generating region (7) is arranged in the hollow hole. [3] The high-speed locking device (123) according to claim 2, wherein the movable contact piece (4) is extended and displaced by a gas generated by the gas generating portion (7) disposed in the hollow hole of the movable contact piece (4), and wherein the movable contact piece (4) is inserted between the first fixed contact piece (2) and the second fixed contact piece (3) and electrically connects the first fixed contact piece (2) to the second fixed contact piece (3). [4] High-speed closing device (123) according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the diaphragm (5) has two thin-walled portions which are concentrically formed and the number of which is greater than or equal to one. [5] High-speed closing device (123) according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the diaphragm (5) has step shapes which are formed concentrically, the number of which is greater than or equal to one. [6] A high-speed closing device (123) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the movable contact piece (4) is brought close to the first fixed contact piece (2) and the second fixed contact piece (3), and wherein an electromagnetic force generated when an electric current flows according to the generation of a preliminary arc acts in a direction in which the movable contact piece (4) is inserted between the first fixed contact piece (2) and the second fixed contact piece (3). [7] A high-speed locking device (123) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the movable contact piece (4) is set to a medium electric potential in a state where the movable contact piece (4) is insulated from an earth electric potential. [8] A high-speed closing device (123) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the angle of the diaphragm (5) with respect to a dead center of bulging before the movable contact piece (4) is closed is smaller than the angle of the diaphragm (5) after the movable contact piece (4) has been closed. [9] A high-speed closing device (123) according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the sliding guide portion (4d) which guides a closing operation of the movable contact piece (4) is formed of an identical material of a flange portion (1f) which forms a part of the vacuum housing. [10] A high-speed closing device (123) according to claim 9, wherein the sliding guide portion (4d) which guides a closing operation of the movable contact piece (4) is formed of an insulating material. [11] The high-speed closing device (123) according to claim 9, wherein a screw hole (16) formed in an inner rear portion of the hollow hole of the movable contact piece and a mounting hole (17) of an initiator (8) of the gas generating portion (7) formed at the flange portion (1f) are formed in a state in which the diameter of the mounting hole (17) is larger than the diameter of the screw hole (16). [12] High-speed closing device (123) comprising: - a connecting component (106, 108) comprising a first movable contact piece (106) and a second movable contact piece (108), wherein the first movable contact piece (106) is formed from a conductive material having a hollow cylindrical shape having an opening portion at one end portion and a closing portion at the other end portion, and wherein the second movable contact piece (108) is formed from a conductive material having a hollow cylindrical shape having an opening portion at one end portion and a closing portion at the other end portion, and wherein, in an unactuated state of the high-speed closing device (123), the opening portion of the second movable contact piece (108) is inserted into the opening portion of the first movable contact piece (106) such that the opening portions have a nesting configuration, and a hollow portion (122) is formed in the inner portion of the connecting components (106,108) is formed;, - a first fixed contact piece (101) formed from a conductive material and facing the closing area of ​​the first movable contact piece (106) at a constant distance in the unactuated state of the high-speed closing device (123); - a second fixed contact piece (103) formed from a conductive material and facing the closing area of ​​the second movable contact piece (108) at a constant distance in the unactuated state of the high-speed closing device (123); and - a gas generating region (113) arranged in the hollow region (122). [13] A high-speed locking device (123) according to claim 12, wherein the locking portion of the first movable contact piece (106) and the first fixed contact piece (101) and the locking portion of the second movable contact piece (108) and the second fixed contact piece (103) are electrically connected when the contacts are operated, and wherein an electric current is passed between the first fixed contact piece (101) and the second fixed contact piece (103). [14] A high-speed locking device (123) according to claim 12 or 13, wherein an electric current passage is formed in which an electromagnetic force acts by passing an electric current between the first fixed contact piece (101) and the second fixed contact piece (103) in a direction in which the closing range of the first movable contact piece (106) electrically connected to the first fixed contact piece (101) and the closing range of the second movable contact piece (108) electrically connected to the second fixed contact piece (103) is maintained. [15] High-speed locking device (123) according to one of claims 12 to 14, wherein gas is generated from the gas generation region (113) arranged in the hollow region (122) of the connecting component (106, 108) of the movable contact piece, and wherein the pressure in the hollow region (122) is increased, and wherein the first movable contact piece (106) and the second movable contact piece (108) constituting the connecting component (106, 108) of the movable contact piece are each displaced in opposite directions. [16] High-speed locking device (123) according to one of claims 12 to 15, wherein the gas generating portion (113) is a gas ignition device which generates gas according to an external control. [17] High-speed locking device (123) according to one of claims 12 to 15, wherein the gas generating portion (113) contains a black powder which generates gas according to external control. [18] High-speed locking device (123) according to one of claims 12 to 17, wherein the connecting component (106, 108) of the movable contact piece is arranged in a vacuum housing, and wherein the first fixed contact piece (101) and the second fixed contact piece (103) are each arranged on surfaces which face each other, in each of the surfaces which form the vacuum housing. [19] A high-speed closing device (123) according to claim 18, wherein the shape specifications of the two fixed contact pieces (101, 103), the two vacuum housings (102, 104) and the two movable contact pieces (106, 108) are identical to each other. [20] The high-speed closure device (123) according to claim 18, wherein the vacuum housing comprises a first vacuum housing (102) having the first fixed contact piece (101) and the first movable contact piece (106), and a second vacuum housing (104) having the second fixed contact piece (103) and the second movable contact piece (108), in a state in which the first vacuum housing (102) and the second vacuum housing (104) are connected by means of an air housing (105) which is not brought into a decompression state. [21] High-speed closure device (123) according to claim 20, wherein the air housing (105) is attached to a structure which is connected to an electrical ground potential by means of an insulation holding component (117). [22] A high-speed locking device (123) according to claim 21, wherein a sliding guide (121) which guides an outer peripheral portion of the connecting component (106, 108) of the movable contact piece is formed on an inner surface of the air housing (105). [23] Switchgear (125) comprising: - a bus line (124); - an electrical circuit (126) connected to the bus line; - a circuit breaker (127) provided on the electrical circuit; and - a high-speed locking device (123) according to one of claims 1 to 22, which is arranged at a branch passage of the bus line or the electrical circuit.

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