MOTOR

Abstract

A motor (100, 200, 300) includes: a stator (150, 250, 350) with one energized phase, one phase with a less energized phase, or one phase without an energized phase at a predetermined electrical angle, and a magnetic sensor (180, 280, 380). The magnetic sensor (180, 280, 380) is arranged to be opposite the phase with the less energized phase or the phase without an energized phase.

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

[0001] The present invention relates to a motor. STATE OF THE ART

[0002] In a motor, it is known to use a magnetic sensor to detect the magnetic pole position of a rotor (e.g., PTL 1). A typical magnetic sensor switches the output signal when it detects, for example, a magnetic flux density that exceeds (or falls below) a predefined operating point. However, since a stator equipped with a coil is located near the magnetic sensor, the magnetic field generated by the stator, for example under high-load (high-current) conditions, can cause an error in the detection angle of the magnetic sensor. LITERATURE LIST PATENT LITERATURE

[0003] PTL 1: Japanese unexamined utility model application, publication number 62-149271 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTIONAL PROBLEM

[0004] An example of an object of the present invention is to provide a motor that can reduce detection angle errors under high load conditions. SOLUTION TO THE PROBLEM

[0005] A motor according to the present invention includes: a stator with a current-energized phase, a phase with a lower current than the current-energized phase, or a phase without current at a predetermined electrical angle; and a magnetic sensor. The magnetic sensor is arranged to be opposite the phase with the lower current or the phase without current. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. Figure 1 is a perspective view of an engine according to an embodiment as an example of the present invention. Fig. Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the motor created along an axis of rotation according to an embodiment as an example of the present invention. Fig. Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the motor created along a radial direction according to the embodiment as an example of the present invention. Fig. Figure 4 is a schematic view illustrating an example of aspects of the wiring configuration of the motor according to the embodiment as an example of the present invention. Fig. Figure 5 is a perspective view of an engine according to a further embodiment as an example of the present invention. Fig. Figure 6 is a perspective view of an engine according to yet another embodiment as an example of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF EXECUTION FORMS

[0006] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, a direction (rotation axis direction) along a rotation axis X of the rotor is, for the sake of simplicity, simply referred to as the axis direction. In the axis direction, an arrow direction a is indicated. Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 5 and Fig. Arrow 6 is designated as one side, and an arrow direction b opposite to one side is designated as the other side. In a plane orthogonal to the axis of rotation X, the direction approaching or away from the axis of rotation X is designated as the radial direction. In the radial direction, an arrow direction c away from the axis of rotation X is designated as the outside or one side, and an arrow direction d approaching the axis of rotation X is designated as the inside or the other side. The direction of rotation about the axis of rotation X is designated as the circumferential direction.

[0007] A first embodiment, which is an example of the present invention, is described below with reference to the drawings. Fig. Figure 1 is a perspective view of a motor 100 according to the present embodiment. Fig. Figure 2 is a sectional view created along the X-axis of rotation of motor 100. It should be noted that in Fig. 2 a wave 130 is not illustrated as a cross-section. Fig. Figure 3 is a sectional view created along the radial direction of the motor 100 and is an AA cross-sectional view in Fig. 2 (as seen from one side (direction of arrow a) in the axis direction to the other side (direction of arrow b)). Fig. Figure 4 is a schematic view illustrating one aspect of the wiring of motor 100.

[0008] As in Fig. As illustrated in Figure 1, the motor 100 includes a housing 110, a cover 120, and a shaft 130, and has an overall substantially cylindrical shape. The housing 110 includes a housing body 111 with a substantially cylindrical shape, a flange part 112 extending from an end part on one side (arrow direction a) in the axial direction to one side (arrow direction c) in the radial direction, and a bottom part 113 closing off the other side (arrow direction b) of the housing body 111 in the axial direction (see Figure 1). Fig. 2) The cover 120 encloses a plate part 121 having a substantially disc-shaped form, and the outer shape of the plate part 121 corresponds to the outer shape (the shape of the outer edge part in the radial direction) of the flange part 112 of the housing 110. The edge part of the plate part 121 of the cover 120 is connected to the flange part 112 of the housing 110 by a plurality (in Fig. 1 six) bolts B inserted in the axial direction connected.

[0009] In the radial direction, a circular hole 120h is formed in the central part of the cover 120, coaxial with the housing body 111. The hole 120h extends axially through the plate part 121 of the cover 120. As shown in Fig. As illustrated in Figure 2, on one side (in the direction of arrow c) of the hole 120 h of the cover 120, a cylindrical projecting part 122 is provided in the radial direction, projecting in the axial direction to the other side (in the direction of arrow b), coaxial to the circular hole 120 h. The projecting part 122 holds a first bearing 141, which will be described later.

[0010] As in Fig. As illustrated in Figure 2, the shaft 130 is an element with a substantially columnar shape and extends in the axial direction to one side (in the direction of arrow a) beyond the cover 120 from the vicinity of the bottom part 113 of the housing 110. The shaft 130 projects in the axial direction to one side (in the direction of arrow a) through the hole 120 h of the cover 120.

[0011] The shaft 130 includes one end part 131 on one side (in the direction of arrow a) in the axial direction and the other end part 134 on the other side (in the direction of arrow b). A helical toothing is formed on an outer circumferential surface of one end part 131 of the shaft 130 (the surface on one side (in the direction of arrow c) in the radial direction) to allow power extraction. It should be noted that the toothing may not be formed on one end part 131 of the shaft 130. The other end part 134 of the shaft 130 has an outer diameter (the dimension on one side (in the direction of arrow c) in the radial direction) that is slightly smaller than that of the other parts.

[0012] Additionally, the shaft 130 includes a circular part 132 with an outer diameter (of the size on one side (in the direction of arrow c) in the radial direction) that is larger than that of the other parts and which is located slightly on one side (in the direction of arrow a) of the central part in the axial direction. In the axial direction, a circular part (second circular part) 133 with an even larger outer diameter than the circular part 132 is connected to the other side (in the direction of arrow b) of the circular part (first circular part) 132 of the shaft 130.

[0013] In the radial direction, the first bearing 141 is arranged on one side (in the direction of arrow c) of the circular part 132 of the shaft 130. The first bearing 141 is a ball bearing, including an inner ring 141i, an outer ring 141o, and a rolling element. It should be noted that the first bearing 141 is not limited to ball bearings and various other bearings, such as plain bearings, can be used. Additionally, the first bearing 141 can be a ball bearing with a different configuration, including an outer ring and a rolling element that are fitted into a recess in the outer circumferential surface of the shaft (the surface on the outside (in the direction of arrow c) in the radial direction).

[0014] The inner ring 141i of the first bearing 141 is connected to or pressed into the outer circumferential surface of the circular part 132 of the shaft 130 (the surface on one side (in the direction of arrow c) in the radial direction). In this way, the inner ring 141i of the first bearing 141 is attached to the shaft 130 and rotates integrally with the shaft 130 about the axis of rotation X. Additionally, the inner ring 141i of the first bearing 141 is in axial contact on one side (in the direction of arrow a) with the surface of the circular part 133 of the shaft 130. In this way, the shaft 130 is positioned in the axial direction. The outer ring 141o of the first bearing 141 is connected to or pressed into the inner circumferential surface (the surface on the other side (of the direction of arrow d) in the radial direction) of the projecting part 122 of the cover 120.In this way, the outer ring 141o of the first bearing 141 is held against the projecting part 122 of the cover 120. In the configuration described above, the first bearing 141 rotatably supports the shaft 130 with respect to the cover 120.

[0015] A second bearing 142 is arranged on one side (in the direction of arrow c) of the other end part 134 of the shaft 130 in the radial direction. The second bearing 142 is a ball bearing, including an inner ring 142i, an outer ring 142o, and a rolling element. It should be noted that the first bearing 142 is not limited to ball bearings and various other bearings, such as plain bearings, can be used. Additionally, the second bearing 142 can be a ball bearing with a different configuration, including an outer ring and a rolling element that are fitted into a recess in the outer circumferential surface of the shaft (the surface on the outside (in the direction of arrow c) in the radial direction).

[0016] The inner ring 142i of the second bearing 142 is connected to or pressed into the outer circumferential surface (the surface on one side (in the direction of arrow c) in the radial direction) of the other end part 134 of the shaft 130. In this way, the inner ring 142i of the second bearing 142 is attached to the shaft 130 and rotates integrally with the shaft 130 about the axis of rotation X. A cylindrical retaining element 113a, projecting in the axial direction to one side (in the direction of arrow a), is provided in the central part of the bottom part 113 of the housing 110. The outer ring 142o of the second bearing 142 is connected to or pressed into the inner circumferential surface (the surface on the other side (in the direction of arrow d) in the radial direction) of the retaining element 113a of the housing 110. In this way, the outer ring 142o of the second bearing 142 is held on the retaining part 113a of the housing 110.In the configuration mentioned above, the second bearing 142 supports the shaft 130 rotatably with respect to the housing 110.

[0017] As in Fig. As illustrated in Figure 2, a rotor 160 is arranged in the axial direction between the other end part 134 and the circular part 132 of the shaft 130. The inner circumferential surface (the surface on the other side (of the arrow direction d) in the radial direction) of an annular part 163a (described below) of the rotor 160 is attached to the outer circumferential surface (the surface on one side (of the arrow direction c) in the radial direction) of the shaft 130. Accordingly, the shaft 130 is integrally rotatable with the rotor 160.

[0018] As in Fig. As illustrated in Figure 3, the rotor 160 includes a plurality of first magnets 161, a plurality of second magnets 162, and a rotor core (magnetic body) 163. The rotor core 163 includes the annular part 163a and a plurality (in Fig. 3 fourteen) magnetic pole pieces 163b, extending radially from the annular part 163a through a pair of coupling parts 163c and 163d. Inside the rotor core 163, a plurality of magnets is arranged. More precisely, the first magnet 161 is arranged in each of the substantially rectangular spaces between the circumferentially adjacent magnetic pole pieces 163b, and the second magnet 162 is arranged in each of the substantially trapezoidal spaces between the pair of coupling parts 163c and 163d. In the circumferential direction, the first magnet 161 is in contact with the side surfaces of both of the adjacent magnetic pole pieces 163b, and in the radial direction, the second magnet 162 is in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the annular part 163a and the inner circumferential surface of the magnetic pole piece 163b.

[0019] Considering a magnetic pole piece 163b, the magnetic pole of a first magnet 161 on one surface of the side faces of the magnetic pole piece 163b in the circumferential direction, the magnetic pole of the other first magnet 161 on the other surface, and the magnetic pole of the second magnet 162 on the inner circumferential surface of the magnetic pole piece 163b constitute the same magnetic pole. A magnetic force is exerted on each magnetic pole piece 163b from the N pole or S pole, thereby forming a single magnetic flux that is emitted radially outward (in the direction of arrow c). The magnetic pole of the magnetic pole piece 163b is configured such that the N pole and S pole alternate in the circumferential direction.

[0020] On the other side (in the direction of arrow d) of the housing body 111 of the housing 110 in the radial direction, a stator 150 is supported to be positioned opposite the rotor 160 in the radial direction. The stator 150 is arranged on one side (in the direction of arrow c) in the radial direction of the rotor 160, so that it surrounds the rotor 160 on one side (in the direction of arrow c) in the radial direction.

[0021] As in Fig. As illustrated in Figure 3, the stator 150 includes a stator core 151 (magnetic body) and a coil 152. The stator core 151 is a laminated body formed by silicon steel sheets or the like stacked in the axial direction and comprises an annular part 154 arranged coaxially to the shaft 130, as well as a plurality of (in Fig. 3 twelve) teeth (magnetic pole part) 153, which are formed such that they extend from the annular part 154 towards the shaft 130. The teeth 153 are opposite the rotor 160. The coil 152 is wound around each of the plurality of teeth 153. The stator core 151 and the coil 152 are insulated by an insulator 155 formed from an insulating element.

[0022] For the sake of simplicity, in the following description, a given tooth from the plurality of teeth 153 of the stator 150 is referred to as the first tooth, and the one in a first direction P (in Fig. The tooth adjacent to the first tooth in the circumferential direction (3 in the clockwise direction) is designated as the second tooth, and the tooth number increases in the direction of the first direction P. From the plurality of teeth 153 of the stator 150, the first tooth is designated U1, the second tooth U2, the third tooth W3, the fourth tooth W4, the fifth tooth V1, the sixth tooth V2, the seventh tooth U3, the eighth tooth U4, the ninth tooth W1, the tenth tooth W2, the eleventh tooth V3, and the twelfth tooth V4. In the stator 150, the tooth adjacent to V4 in the first direction P is U1.

[0023] Fig. Figure 4 is a schematic view of the stator 150, developed in a plane, as seen from the other side in the radial direction (inward, in the direction of arrow d). A first coil group 10, forming the first phase (U-phase), is wound around U1, U2, U3, and U4 from the plurality of teeth 153 of the stator 150. The coils wound around U1, U2, U3, and U4 are designated as coil 11, coil 12, coil 13, and coil 14, respectively. A second coil group 20, forming the second phase (V-phase), is wound around V1, V2, V3, and V4 from the plurality of teeth 153 of the stator 150. The coils wound around V1, V2, V3, and V4 are designated as coil 21, coil 22, coil 23, and coil 24, respectively. A third coil group 30, which forms the third phase (W-phase), is wound around W1, W2, W3 and W4 from the plurality of teeth 153 of the stator 150.The coils wound around W1, W2, W3 and W4 are each referred to as coil 31, coil 32, coil 33 and coil 34 respectively.

[0024] The first coil group 10 is formed as follows. First, winding begins near U1 with a winding start section U. AnfangThe process begins, and coil 11 is formed by winding the electrical wire counterclockwise (CCW) around U1. It should be noted that the terms "clockwise (CW)" and "counterclockwise (CCW)," as used here, refer to the winding direction as viewed from the other side (inside, in the direction of arrow d) in the radial direction. Next, coil 12 is formed by winding the electrical wire clockwise (CW) around U2. Then, forming a cross wire, coil 13 is formed by winding the electrical wire clockwise (CW) around U3. Finally, coil 14 is formed by winding the electrical wire counterclockwise (CCW) around U4, so that the electrical wire forms a winding end section U. Ende reached.

[0025] The second coil group 20 is formed as follows. First, winding begins near V1 with a winding start section V.Anfang The process begins, and coil 21 is formed by winding the electrical wire counterclockwise (CCW) around V1. Next, coil 22 is formed by winding the electrical wire clockwise (CW) around V2. Following this, coil 23 is formed by winding the electrical wire clockwise (CW) around V3. Finally, coil 24 is formed by winding the electrical wire counterclockwise (CCW) around V4, so that the electrical wire forms a winding end section V. Ende reached.

[0026] The third coil group 30 is formed as follows. First, winding begins near W1 with a winding start section W. AnfangThe process begins, and coil 31 is formed by winding the electrical wire counterclockwise (CCW) around W1. Next, coil 32 is formed by winding the electrical wire clockwise (CW) around W2. Following this, coil 33 is formed by winding the electrical wire clockwise (CW) around W3, forming a cross wire. Finally, coil 44 is formed by winding the electrical wire counterclockwise (CCW) around W4, so that the electrical wire forms a winding end section W. Ende reached.

[0027] When forming the individual coils of the first coil group 10 up to the third coil group 30, as mentioned above, the coils are formed by winding the electrical wire spirally around the respective teeth 153 from the other side (inside, in the direction of arrow d) to one side (outside, in the direction of arrow c) or in the opposite direction radially. The number of turns in the coil can be arbitrary.

[0028] Depending on the number of turns, the coil of the first layer can, for example, be formed from the other side (inside, in the direction of arrow d) in the radial direction to one side (outside, in the direction of arrow c), and then the coil of the second layer can be formed from one side (outside, in the direction of arrow c) in the radial direction to the other side (inside, in the direction of arrow d). The number of layers can be arbitrary. In the case where the coil is formed in multiple layers, the layer (inner layer) on the side closer to teeth 153 is the winding start side, and the layer (outer layer) on the side furthest from teeth 153 is the winding end side.With regard to the two coils connected by the cross wire, the coil with the outer layer connected to the cross wire can therefore be identified as the coil on the winding start side, and the coil with the inner layer connected to the cross wire can be identified as the coil on the winding end side.

[0029] Additionally, if a particular coil is formed by winding from the other side (inside, direction of arrow d) to one side (outside, direction of arrow c) in the radial direction, the next coil to be formed can be formed by winding from one side (outside, direction of arrow c) to the other side (inside, direction of arrow d) in the radial direction. In this case, a plurality of transverse wires formed successively in the circumferential direction can be arranged alternately on the other side (inside, direction of arrow d) and one side (outside, direction of arrow c) in the radial direction, or they can be arranged such that the starting side of the winding is always either on the other side (inside, direction of arrow d) or on one side (outside, direction of arrow c) in the radial direction.

[0030] The mutual electrical connection between the first coil group 10 and the third coil group 30 can be achieved by connecting the conductive wires to each other or via a substrate 170 as described below. Additionally, the electrical connection between coils belonging to the same phase (the same coil group) can be achieved using the aforementioned cross wire or via the substrate 170 as described below. By achieving one or both of the mutual electrical connections between the first coil group 10 and the third coil group 30, and the electrical connection between coils of the same phase (the same coil group), via the substrate 170, the cross wire can be omitted and the size of the motor 100 reduced.

[0031] As in Fig. As illustrated in Figure 2, the ring-shaped substrate 170 is arranged on the opposite side (in the direction of arrow b) of the stator 150 along the axis. The substrate 170 is a plate-shaped insulating element. A printed circuit, not shown in the drawing, is formed on the substrate 170. The substrate 170 is attached, for example, directly or via an adapter, not shown in the drawing, to the insulator 155 of the stator 150.

[0032] A plurality of (in the present embodiment three) magnetic sensors 180 (magnetic sensors 181, 182 and 183) for detecting the magnetic pole position (rotation angle) of the rotor 160 are arranged on the surface (the surface on the side closer to the rotor 160) of the substrate 170 on one side (in the direction of arrow a) in the axial direction. In the axial direction, the magnetic sensor 180 is opposite the rotor 160. In the present embodiment, the magnetic sensor 180 is a Hall-effect IC and is surface-mounted on the substrate 170 and electrically connected to the circuitry of the substrate 170. In the present embodiment, the magnetic sensor 180 is a zero-crossing type Hall-effect IC that switches the output signal when it detects a change in the magnetic pole of the rotor 160 (switching from the S pole to the N pole or from the N pole to the S pole).It should be noted that the magnetic sensor 180 may be a different type of Hall-IC or a magnetic sensor other than a Hall-IC.

[0033] In the motor 100 with 14 poles and 12 slots, the teeth 153 are arranged circumferentially at intervals of 30°. For a given current phase (electrical angle), the first coil group 10 to the third coil group 30 of the stator 150 are divided into a energized and excited phase (energized phase or excited phase), a less energized and less excited phase than the energized phase (weakly energized phase or weakly excited phase), or a non-energized and non-excited phase (non-energized phase or non-excited phase). In the following description, for a given current phase, the coil wound around the teeth 153 of the energized phase is also referred to as the first coil, and the coil wound around the weakly energized or non-energized phase is also referred to as the second coil. In the radial direction, a given magnetic pole of the rotor 160 is opposite the teeth 153 of the energized phase.The rotor 160 is rotated due to the electromagnetic interaction between the stator 150 and the rotor 160 by sequentially switching the energized phase, the weakly energized phase and the unenergized phase.

[0034] The “low-current phase” can be, for example, a phase that is energized with a current of 50% or less of the maximum amplitude, a phase that is energized with a current of 40% or less of the maximum amplitude, a phase that is energized with a current of 30% or less of the maximum amplitude, a phase that is energized with a current of 20% or less of the maximum amplitude, or a phase that is energized with a current of 10% or less of the maximum amplitude.

[0035] The magnetic sensor 180 is arranged to face the weakly energized phase or the non-energized phase at a given current phase. The state in which the magnetic sensor 180 is arranged to face the weakly energized phase or the non-energized phase means that the magnetic sensor 180 is positioned at an angle corresponding to the tooth 153 of the weakly energized phase or the non-energized phase in the circumferential direction. If the teeth 153 of the weakly energized phase or the non-energized phase are arranged continuously in the circumferential direction, the magnetic sensor 180 can be positioned at any angle between the adjacent teeth 153.In other words, the magnetic sensor 180 is arranged in the circumferential direction at a position (angle) that overlaps the second coil, or at a position (angle) between two adjacent second coils from a plurality of second coils.

[0036] In the circumferential direction, the magnetic sensor 180 can be arranged in a range of -15° to 15°, in a range of -10° to 10°, in a range of -5° to 5° or at the position (angle) of 0° with respect to the position (angle) of the teeth 153 that form the weakly energized phase or the non-energized phase (or, in the case in which the teeth 153 that form the weakly energized phase or the non-energized phase are provided continuously, with respect to the midpoint (angle) between the adjacent teeth 153).

[0037] In the motor 100 according to the present embodiment, a control is implemented to adjust the counter-electromotive voltage and current so that they are in phase (so-called "Id=0 control"). If 0° is assumed to be the current phase (electrical angle) at the zero crossing point of the counter-electromotive voltage of the U-phase, the U-phase becomes the unenergized phase when the current phase is 0° and 180°, the V-phase becomes the unenergized phase when the current phase is 120° and 300°, and the W-phase becomes the unenergized phase when the current phase is 240° and 60°. If the current phase is 0° and 180°, then the coils belonging to the V-phase and the W-phase (coils 21, 22, 23, 24, 31, 32, 33 and 34) are the first coil, and the coils belonging to the U-phase (coils 11, 12, 13 and 14) are the second coil.When the current phase is 120° and 300°, the coils belonging to the U-phase and W-phase (coils 11, 12, 13, 14, 31, 32, 33, and 34) form the first coil, and the coils belonging to the V-phase (coils 21, 22, 23, and 24) form the second coil. When the current phase is 240° and 60°, the coils belonging to the U-phase and V-phase (coils 11, 12, 13, 14, 21, 22, 23, and 24) form the first coil, and the coils belonging to the W-phase (coils 31, 32, 33, and 34) form the second coil.

[0038] In the case where a plurality of magnetic sensors 180 are present, each of the magnetic sensors 180 is arranged to be opposite the weakly energized phase or the unenergized phase for each of the different current phases. In the motor 100 according to the present embodiment, one magnetic sensor 181 from the plurality of magnetic sensors 180 is arranged at a position (angle) at a machine angle of 15° in the first direction P of U1 (a position (angle) between U1 and U2) ( Fig. 3) In particular, the magnetic sensor 181 corresponding to the U-phase is arranged between the adjacent coils 11 and 12 from the second coils when the current phase is 0° and 180°. A magnetic sensor 182 from the plurality of magnetic sensors 180 is arranged at a position (angle) at a machine angle of 15° in the first direction P of V1 (a position (angle) between V1 and V2). In particular, the magnetic sensor 182 corresponding to the V-phase is arranged between the adjacent coils 21 and 22 from the second coils when the current phase is 120° and 300°. A magnetic sensor 183 from the plurality of magnetic sensors 180 is arranged at a position (angle) at a machine angle of 15° in the first direction P of W1 (a position (angle) between W1 and W2). In particular, the magnetic sensor 183 corresponding to the W-phase is arranged between the adjacent coils 31 and 32 from the second coils when the current phase is 240° and 60°.It should be noted that the magnetic sensor 181 can be located between U3 and U4, the magnetic sensor 182 between V3 and V4, and the magnetic sensor 183 between W3 and W4.

[0039] In the configuration of motor 100 according to the present embodiment, the zero crossing point of the back EMF voltage of the U-phase (the sign reversal point) is shifted by an electrical angle of 15° from the magnetic pole angle of rotor 160. Considering this, and assuming 0° as the magnetic pole angle of rotor 160, when U1 and the N-pole of rotor 160 are opposite each other, and the current phase is 0°, the zero crossing of the magnetic pole of rotor 160 (magnetic pole reversal) can be reached at a position at an electrical angle of 105° from either U1 or U3 (at a machine angle of 15° from the first direction P). In motor 100, the magnetic sensor 181, a Hall-effect IC of the zero-crossing detection type, is arranged at a position (angle) at a machine angle of 15° in the first direction P of U1.In this way, when the magnetic sensor 181 detects a change in the magnetic pole of the rotor 160, the nearest phase (e.g., the phase closest to the magnetic sensor 181, in the present embodiment the U-phase) is the unenergized phase, and thus the magnetic sensor 181 is less susceptible to the influence (disturbance) of the magnetic field generated by the stator 150. The same applies to the V-phase and the W-phase. When the magnetic sensor 182 detects a change in the magnetic pole of the rotor 160, the nearest phase (e.g., the phase closest to the magnetic sensor 182, in the present embodiment the V-phase) is the unenergized phase, and when the magnetic sensor 183 detects a change in the magnetic pole of the rotor 160, the nearest phase (e.g., the phase closest to the magnetic sensor 182, in the present embodiment the V-phase) is the unenergized phase.The phase closest to the magnetic sensor 183 (in the present embodiment, the W-phase) is the unenergized phase, and therefore the magnetic sensors 182 and 183 are less susceptible to the influence (disturbance) of the magnetic field generated by the stator 150. In this way, detection angle errors are reduced with the motor 100 according to the present embodiment, even under high load conditions (high current conditions).

[0040] If the substrate 170 is attached to the housing 110 in the motor 100, positioning between the housing 110 and the stator 150, as well as between the substrate 170 and the housing 110, is necessary to install the magnetic sensor 180 as described above. If the substrate 170 is attached to the cover 120, positioning between the housing 110 and the stator 150, between the housing 110 and the cover 120, and between the cover 120 and the substrate 170 is additionally required. Since, in the motor 100 according to the present embodiment, the substrate 170 with the mounted magnetic sensor 180 is attached to the stator 150, only positioning between the stator 150 and the substrate 170 is required to install the magnetic sensor 180 as described above.Accordingly, the motor 100 according to the present embodiment is advantageous with regard to manufacturing costs.

[0041] In the motor 100 according to the present embodiment, one or both of the mutual electrical connections between the first coil group 10 and the third coil group 30, and the electrical connections between the coils belonging to the same phase (the same coil group), can be made via circuits and wiring formed on the substrate 170. In this way, the space required for wiring in the motor 100 according to the present embodiment can be reduced, and the size (thickness) of the motor can be reduced.

[0042] As described above, the motor according to the present invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, but the motor according to the present invention is not limited to the configurations of the embodiments described above. The motor according to the present invention can be of the internal rotor type or the external rotor type. The motor according to the present invention can be a three-phase AC motor, another type of AC motor, or a DC motor.

[0043] The motor 100 according to the present embodiment has a configuration with so-called 14 poles and 12 slots, wherein the rotor 160 has fourteen magnetic poles and the stator 150 has twelve teeth 153. However, in the motor of the present invention, the number of poles of the rotor and the number of slots of the stator can be arbitrary. Additionally, in the motor 100 according to the present embodiment, a magnet is arranged inside the rotor core 163; however, the configuration of the rotor in the motor of the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, some or all of the magnets can be arranged on the outside of the rotor core.

[0044] In the motor 100 according to the present embodiment, the magnetic sensor 180 is arranged radially on the inside of the inner circumferential part of the stator 150 and is positioned to be axially opposite the rotor 160 (axial arrangement). However, in the motor of the present invention, the magnetic sensor can be arranged radially on the side of the stator 150 of the outer circumferential part of the rotor 160 and be positioned to be axially opposite the stator 150 (radial arrangement). In the motor of the present invention, the magnetic sensor is less susceptible to the influence of the magnetic field generated by the stator and can therefore be arranged radially on the stator side of the outer circumferential part of the rotor and be positioned to be axially opposite the stator.

[0045] While the substrate 170 in the motor 100 according to the present embodiment is attached to the stator 150, the substrate and the stator in the motor of the present invention can be formed integrally. An embodiment including an integrally formed substrate and stator is described below.

[0046] An engine 200 according to a in Fig. The embodiment illustrated in Figure 5 includes a stator 250, a rotor 260 indicated by the virtual line, a substrate 270, and a magnetic sensor 280. Fig. The configurations of motor 200, except for the stator 250, rotor 260, substrate 270, and magnetic sensor 280, have been omitted. The configurations of the omitted parts may be identical to or different from those in motor 100.

[0047] In the radial direction, the rotor 260 is arranged coaxially on the inside of the stator 250 (the other side, in the direction of arrow d) to be opposite the stator 250. The stator 250 and the rotor 260 have essentially the same configuration as the stator 150 and the rotor 160 of the motor 100, except for the number of poles and slots.

[0048] In motor 200, the stator 250 and the substrate 270 are integrally formed. More precisely, the insulator of the stator 250 and the substrate 270 are integrally formed. The substrate 270 is an annular part that projects from the end of the stator 250 on one side (in the direction of arrow b) in the axial direction to the other side (in the direction of arrow d) in the radial direction. The substrate 270 is a flat, plate-shaped insulating part. Wiring and circuits, not illustrated in the drawing, are formed on the substrate 270. In motor 200, the electrical connection between the coil groups that make up each phase, and the electrical connection between the coils belonging to the same phase, is achieved by the wiring and circuits formed on the substrate 270.

[0049] A plurality (three in the present embodiment) of magnetic sensors 280 for detecting the magnetic pole position (rotation angle) of the rotor 260 are arranged on the surface (the surface on the side closer to the rotor 260) of the substrate 270 on one side (in the direction of arrow a) in the axial direction. In the axial direction, the magnetic sensor 280 is opposite the rotor 260 (axial arrangement). In the present embodiment, the magnetic sensor 280 is a Hall-effect IC and is surface-mounted on the printed circuit board of the substrate 270. In the present embodiment, the magnetic sensor 280 is a zero-crossing detection type Hall-effect IC that switches the output signal when it detects a change in the magnetic pole of the rotor 260 (switching from the S pole to the N pole or from the N pole to the S pole). It should be noted that the magnetic sensor 280 can be a different type of Hall-effect IC or a magnetic sensor other than a Hall-effect IC.

[0050] The motor 200 has a 20-pole, 18-slot configuration. More precisely, the stator 250 has 18 teeth, and the rotor 260 has 20 magnetic poles. Also in the motor 200, the magnetic sensors 280 are arranged to face the weakly energized or unenergized phase at different predetermined electrical angles. In particular, when each magnetic sensor 280 detects a change in the magnetic pole of the rotor 260, the nearest phase (e.g., the phase closest to the magnetic sensor 280 detecting a change in the magnetic pole) is the unenergized phase, and therefore the magnetic sensor 280 is less susceptible to the influence (disturbance) of the magnetic field generated by the stator 250.

[0051] The motor 200 according to the present embodiment also exhibits the aforementioned properties of the motor 100. In addition, in the motor 200 according to the present embodiment, the substrate 270 and the stator 250 are integrally formed. Accordingly, no positioning between the substrate 270 and the stator 250 is required, and the magnetic sensor 280 can be easily positioned. Consequently, the control accuracy and motor efficiency are improved in the motor 200, and the number of components is reduced. Furthermore, in the motor 200, the electrical connections between all coils on the substrate 270 are achieved, and therefore it is not necessary to provide space for cross wires, thus reducing the thickness.

[0052] A 300 engine according to the in Fig. The embodiment illustrated in Figure 6 includes a stator 350, a rotor 360 indicated by the virtual line, a substrate 370, and a magnetic sensor 380. Fig. The configurations of motor 300, except for the stator 350, rotor 360, substrate 370, and magnetic sensor 380, have been omitted. The configurations of the omitted parts may be identical to or different from those in motor 100 or motor 200.

[0053] On the inside (the other side, in the direction of arrow d) of the stator 350 in the radial direction, the rotor 360 is arranged coaxially to face the stator 350. The stator 350 and the rotor 360 have essentially the same configuration as the stator 150 and the rotor 160 of the motor 100, except for the number of poles and slots.

[0054] In the motor 300, the stator 350 and the substrate 370 are integrally formed. More precisely, the insulator of the stator 350 and the substrate 370 are integrally formed. In the axial direction, the substrate 370 is an annular component located near the end of the stator 350 on the opposite side (in the direction of arrow b). The inner diameter of the substrate 370 is the same as, or substantially the same as, the inner diameter of the stator 350. The substrate 370 is a flat, plate-shaped insulating component. Wiring or circuits, not illustrated in the drawing, are formed on the substrate 370. In the motor 300, the electrical connection between the coil groups comprising each phase and the electrical connection between coils belonging to the same phase are achieved through the wiring and circuits formed on the substrate 370.

[0055] In the axial direction, a plurality (in the present embodiment, three) of magnetic sensors 380 for detecting the magnetic pole position (angle of rotation) of the rotor 360 are arranged on one surface (a surface on the side away from the rotor 260) of the substrate 370 on the opposite side (in the direction of arrow b). The magnetic sensor 380 is arranged to be radially opposite the stator 350 in the axial direction on one side (in the direction of arrow c) of the rotor 360 (radial arrangement). In the present embodiment, the magnetic sensor 380 is a Hall-effect IC and is surface-mounted on the printed circuit board of the substrate 370. In the present embodiment, the magnetic sensor 380 is a zero-crossing detection type Hall-effect IC that switches the output signal when it detects a change in the magnetic pole of the rotor 360 (switching from the S pole to the N pole or from the N pole to the S pole).It should be noted that the magnetic sensor 380 can be a different type of Hall-effect IC or a magnetic sensor other than a Hall-effect IC. The magnetic sensor 380 can be arranged within the structure of the integrally formed stator 350 and substrate 370. For example, the magnetic sensor 380 can be arranged within the resin that covers the stator 350 and the substrate 370.

[0056] The motor 300 has a 20-pole, 18-slot configuration. More precisely, the stator 350 has 18 teeth, and the rotor 360 has 20 magnetic poles. Also in the motor 300, the magnetic sensors 380 are arranged on the phase of the weakly energized or the unenergized phase at different predetermined electrical angles. In particular, when each magnetic sensor 380 detects a change in the magnetic pole of the rotor 360, the nearest phase (e.g., the phase closest to the magnetic sensor 380 detecting a change in the magnetic pole) is the unenergized phase, and therefore the magnetic sensor 380 is less susceptible to the influence (disturbance) of the magnetic field generated by the stator 350.

[0057] The motor 300 according to the present embodiment also exhibits the aforementioned characteristics of motors 100 and 200. Additionally, in motor 300, the magnetic sensor 380 is arranged radially on the side of the stator 350 of the outer circumferential portion of the rotor 260 and positioned opposite the stator 350 in the axial direction. Since the magnetic sensor 380 in motor 300 is less susceptible to the influence of the magnetic field generated by the stator 350, the control accuracy and motor efficiency are excellent even with the radial arrangement. Because the substrate 370 does not project radially towards the interior (the other side, in the direction of arrow d) of the stator 350, the insertion direction of the rotor 360 during assembly of motor 300 is not restricted to one direction, thus improving manufacturing flexibility.

[0058] The motors 100, 200, and 300 according to the present embodiment are so-called radial motors (radial gap motors) and include a rotor equipped with a magnet. The motor 100, 200, and 300 comprise a structure such that the energized phase encloses a magnet body with the magnetic pole portion opposite the rotor and the first coil wound around the magnet body, and a predetermined magnetic pole of the rotor is located opposite the magnetic pole portion of the energized phase in the radial direction. However, the motor of the present invention is not limited to this and can also be a so-called axial motor (axial gap motor). In particular, in the motor of the present invention, a predetermined magnetic pole of the rotor can be located opposite the magnetic pole portion of the energized phase in the axial direction.

[0059] Furthermore, the motor according to the present invention can be suitably modified, and the shapes, dimensions, and combinations of the various configurations can be altered by a person skilled in the art according to previously known knowledge. These modifications are naturally included within the scope of the present invention, as long as these modifications still encompass the configurations of the present invention. List of reference symbols

[0060] 100, 200, 300 ... Motor, 150, 250, 350 ... Stator, 152 ... Coil, 153 ... Teeth (magnet pole part), 160, 260, 360 ... Rotor, 161, 162 ... Magnet, 163 ... Rotor core (magnet body), 180, 280, 380 ... Magnetic sensor QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] JP 62-149271

[0003]

Claims

[1] Motor, comprising: a stator that includes a live phase, a less live phase than the live phase, or an unlived phase at a predetermined electrical angle; and a magnetic sensor wherein the magnetic sensor is arranged to detect the weaker current or to be opposite the unenergized phase. [2] Motor according to claim 1, comprising a rotor with a magnet, wherein the energized phase includes a magnetic body and a first coil wound around the magnetic body, the magnetic body including a magnetic pole part opposite the rotor, and a predetermined magnetic pole of the rotor is opposite the magnetic pole part of the energized phase. [3] Motor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the less energized or the unenergized phase includes a second coil or a plurality thereof and The magnetic sensor is located in a circumferential direction at a position that overlaps the second coil, or at a position between two adjacent second coils from the plurality of second coils. [4] Motor according to one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a rotor with a magnetic body and a plurality of magnets arranged inside the magnetic body, wherein the magnetic sensor detects a change in the magnetic pole of the rotor. [5] Motor according to claim 4, wherein the magnetic sensor is opposite the rotor in a rotation axis direction.

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