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Patent Information
- Application Number
- DE202023106997
- Authority / Receiving Office
- DE · DE
- Patent Type
- Utility models
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-11-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2033-11-30
Smart Images
Figure 00000000_0000_ABST
Abstract
Description
IntroductionThe present invention relates to a conveyor for conveying at least one material in the vertical direction according to claim 1.The conveying device serves in particular for conveying a product. It is provided here to move the material into vertical height, for example by means of a conveyor basket. Such conveying devices are also known as load lifts. In contrast to passenger elevators, a conveying speed of such conveying devices, with which the material is moved in the vertical direction, is typically less than one meter per second. Conveying speeds of person withdrawals, on the other hand, are typically significantly higher, as a result of which these are subject to further safety requirements.In order to prevent a crash of a conveying cage of the conveying device in an emergency situation, for example in the event of a failure of a load-bearing member, in particular a chain or a cable, the conveying devices generally have a safety catch. In contrast to load extracts, emergency braking in a passenger elevator is typically carried out only by means of brake catching devices, which enable controlled braking of the passenger elevator, on account of the forces acting on the persons located in the passenger extract in this case. Conveyor baskets of cargo elevators, on the other hand, can also be braked by means of blocking catch devices.Conveying devices for conveying at least one crop are known in a multiplicity from the prior art. By way of example, reference is made to the conveying device described in German patent application DE 1 406 188. The conveying device, which is designed there as a load elevator, has a catching device in the form of a brake catching device, with which a movement of a conveying basket is intended to be ended in an emergency situation. For this purpose, the catching device, which is U-shaped in cross section, has a blocking element which, during a braking operation, is pressed into a guide element of a column along which the conveying basket is movable. The guide element has a guide section against which the blocking element presses during the braking process. In this case, the locking element, which is designed as a roller, rolls on the guide element and digs into a surface of the guide element due to two knurl profiles, forming a groove with a constant depth.However, it has proven to be problematic in the case of the conveying device described above that the guide elements, which are designed as guide rails, of a column of the conveying device, along which the conveying basket is movable, are of T-shaped configuration in cross section. With such a column, the formation of a compact and self-supporting column is not readily possible without the aid of further stabilizing agents. It is also disadvantageous that the use of guide rails of T-shaped cross section and guide rollers adapted thereto necessitates the presence of a shaft. Furthermore, a brake clutch device is used which normally causes a longer braking distance-in comparison with a lock clutch device. Known brake catch devices also require a clearly enlarged installation space and are generally suitable only for accommodating lower loadsIt is the object of the present invention to provide a conveying device with a catching device which, when an emergency situation occurs, enables a particularly reliable braking of a conveying basket of the conveying device and is at the same time distinguished by a particularly simple construction.SolutionThe object described at the beginning is achieved by means of a conveying device having the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the associated dependent claims.The conveying device according to the invention has at least one column. In the context of the present invention, a "column" is understood to mean an elongate component whose length exceeds its width and height by a multiple. The column of the conveying device in turn has two guide elements which, viewed in a cross section, are of U-shaped design. The guide elements further comprise at least two outwardly directed guide legs. In the context of the present invention, "directed outward" is understood to mean an orientation in which the guide legs point in the direction of a vicinity of the respective guide element. The two guide legs can be connected to one another by a web, which is preferably arranged at a right angle to the two guide legs.Furthermore, the conveying device has at least one conveying basket. In the context of the present invention, a "conveying basket" is understood to mean a component which has at least one base surface for depositing the material to be conveyed. In addition, the conveyor basket can be configured basket-like, i.e. comprise four side surfaces oriented at an angle of 90° to the floor surface. The conveying basket can be designed, for example, as a wire mesh basket. The conveying basket serves in each case for receiving the material to be conveyed along the column of the conveying device and is therefore movable along the column.In order to trigger a braking process in the event of an emergency, for example in the event of a failure of a load-bearing member of the conveying device, in particular a crawler or a cable, and thus to enable a braking of the conveying cage, the conveying device furthermore has at least one catching device which is arranged on the conveying cage. In addition to the above-described failure of the load-bearing member, the failure of a holding brake on a drive of the conveying device or the presence of an over-speed during travel may also make it necessary to brake the conveying cage. The safety catch has at least one blocking element, at least one base body and at least one triggering device, which are described in detail below:The blocking element of the catch device is movable at least between a clearance position and a blocking position. In addition to the clearance position and the locking position, however, further positions of the locking element are likewise conceivable. When the blocking element is present in the clearance position, the conveying basket of the conveying device is freely movable along the column. The clearance is preferably to be set during normal operation in which the material is to be conveyed. In contrast, when the blocking element is present in the blocking position, a movement of the conveying basket is blocked. The blocking position is to be set in particular when an emergency has occurred. In this way, an undesired lowering or even a falling of the conveyor basket can be prevented.The base body of the catching device of the conveying device engages around two mutually opposite surfaces of a guide limb of a guide element of the column. Furthermore, the base body is configured to be slidingly movable along the guide leg and has at least one guide section for guiding the blocking element.The triggering device serves to trigger the braking process of the conveying device. During the braking process, the blocking element is transferred from the release position into the blocking position. In this case, the blocking element is movable along the guide section relative to the base body. When the blocking element is present in the blocking position, the blocking element is arranged in the guide section in such a way that a movement of the conveyor basket is prevented due to a frictional connection between the blocking element and the base body.The conveyor according to the invention has many advantages. In particular, the frictional connection between the blocking element and the base body enables a particularly reliable braking of the conveyor basket. The blocking element, when present in the blocking position, can preferably be clamped between the guide section of the base body and the guide element.At the same time, the configuration of the column with a U-shaped cross section enables the conveying device to be set up independently without further means being necessary for this purpose. The conveying device can therefore be mounted particularly easily and quickly. In this case, it can be provided by way of example that the conveying device has only one column along which a conveying basket is arranged movably. The conveyor basket is secured by means of the catching device. However, it can also be provided to provide a conveying device with two columns. In this case, only one of the two columns or both columns can be assigned a safety catch.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the blocking element is designed in the form of a contact pressure roller, wherein the contact pressure roller can preferably be mounted rotatably on the triggering device. The design of the blocking element as a pressing roller has proven to be particularly advantageous in particular with regard to the design of a frictional connection with the base body. In the case that the blocking element is designed as a contact roller, it can be provided that the contact roller is rotatably arranged in the guide section, provided that the contact roller has not yet reached its blocking position. The rotatable mounting of the pressure roller thereby enables a simple transfer of the blocking element starting from the clearance position into the blocking position. Furthermore, it can be provided that the roller is provided with a coating which assists in forming the frictional connection with the base body. Alternatively or in addition, it can also be provided that the contact roller has a knurled surface.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the pressure roller can be rotatably mounted on a pin, wherein the pin is connected to the triggering device by means of an arm. The connection to the triggering device enables a direct actuation of the contact pressure roller by means of the triggering device via the arm. In other words, it is conceivable for the triggering device to be connected to the pin via the arm. In this way, the pressing roller can be changed in its position via a movement of the arm. The arm can preferably be controllable indirectly or directly by the triggering device. For example, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that the triggering device has at least one spring which, after triggering from the clearance, moves the blocking element at least in the direction of the blocking position. In such a case, it can be provided that the arm of the triggering device is movable by means of the spring.The conveying device can also have a sensor unit with at least one sensor for detecting an emergency situation and a control unit for controlling the triggering device. By way of example, it can be provided that the triggering device can be triggered by an electrical signal when an emergency situation is detected.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that a contour of a guide surface of the guide section of the base body has at least one feed section and / or at least one brake section and / or at least one stop. The guide surface is to be understood as the surface along which the blocking element can be guided.In the context of the present invention, a feed section is understood to mean a section which guides the blocking element during a transfer starting from the clearance position into the blocking position. The feed section thus feeds the blocking element to the braking section. However, if the blocking element is present in the feed section, braking, i.e. a reduction in a conveying speed of the conveyor basket, can also already take place, in particular as a result of contact of the blocking element with the base body. Preferably, it can also be provided that braking and / or transfer into the braking section takes place only during a movement of the conveyor basket. In the event that the conveying basket is stationary, the blocking element thus preferably remains in the feed section. It is thus conceivable that the conveyor basket is stationary when the emergency situation occurs, for example when a load-bearing member fails, when a retaining brake on a drive fails, or when an over-speed occurs. Only during a downward movement of the conveyor basket is the blocking element transferred starting from the feed section into the braking section, preferably due to contact with the base body.In the context of the present invention, a braking section is understood to mean a section in which a complete standstill of the locking element is brought about on account of the frictional engagement. The braking section preferably adjoins the feed section. Preferably, the positive connection between the locking element and the base body is established only when the locking element is present in the brake section. However, the braking section can be designed in such a way that the locking element is initially braked before the frictional engagement is established.In the context of the present invention, a "stop" is understood to mean a section which prevents a movement of the blocking element in at least one direction. The stop preferably adjoins the brake section. For example, it can be provided that the blocking element is no longer movable at least in the direction of the stop when it abuts the stop. At the same time, a movement of the conveyor basket in the direction of travel is not made possible due to the frictional engagement.According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the feed section has a first slope. In this case, a "gradient" is understood to mean an alignment of the contour of the guide surface in the feed section with respect to two coordinate axes. One of the two coordinate axes can preferably be formed by a longitudinal axis of the column, while the second coordinate axis is formed by a perpendicular thereto. Preferably, it can be provided that an X axis (abscissa) of the coordinate system is formed by the perpendicular, while the Y axis (ordinate) of the coordinate system is formed by the longitudinal axis of the column.As a result of such a configuration of the feed section, a continuously increasing braking action of the blocking element is to be expected. However, a positive connection is preferably not yet present in the presence of the blocking element in the feed section. In addition, the above-described configuration of the feed section enables an upward movement of the conveyor basket if the pitch is selected such that a distance between the guide surface and a surface of the guide leg decreases in the opposite direction of travel.Furthermore, it can preferably be provided additionally or alternatively that the brake section has a second gradient, wherein the second gradient is greater than the first gradient. When the brake section is reached, the actual braking action of the blocking element occurs, forming the positive connection with the base body. In this case, a reduction of the second gradient relative to the first gradient has the effect that the braking effect is increased in a controlled manner.Likewise, as an alternative to or in addition to the two aforementioned configurations of the feed section and brake section, it can be provided that the stop is formed in the shape of a circular arc. A circular configuration of the stop prevents a deformation of the base body when the stop is reached. Furthermore, the stop limits a braking force caused by the locking element. When the stop is reached, the braking force is constant.An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the triggering device has at least one spring which, after triggering, moves the blocking element from the clearance position at least in the direction of the blocking position. Preferably, it can be provided that the triggering device is an electromechanical triggering device. The triggering device can have a plurality of articulated levers coupled to one another, which can be controlled by means of a spring. One of the articulated levers is assigned the blocking element. In normal operation of the conveying device, i.e. during conveying of the material, it can be provided that the spring is in a normal state in which the blocking element is held in the clearance position. For this purpose, the triggering device can have an electromagnet which is coupled to the spring. In the event of an emergency situation, in particular in the event of a failure of a load-bearing member, the electromagnet is no longer supplied with voltage. As a result, the spring is not retained. Rather, the prestress of the spring brings about a transfer of the blocking element starting from the clearance position into the blocking position.A further embodiment of the invention provides that the catch device is designed in the form of a locking catch or brake catch device.Furthermore, it is particularly advantageous if the base body is U-shaped when viewed in cross section. The configuration of the base body with a U-shaped cross section has proven particularly with regard to a particularly reliable gripping around of the surfaces of the guide leg. In this case, the base body can have two limbs, analogous to the column, and a web connecting the two limbs. In the region between the two legs, a guide leg of a guide element of the column can be arranged. In such a case, the braking of the conveyor basket can take place as a result of a form fit of the blocking element with a surface of the guide leg of the guide element of the column. At the same time, the braking can also take place as a result of a contact between the guide leg of the guide element of the column and a leg of the base body.The object mentioned at the beginning is furthermore achieved by means of a safety catch having the features of claim 11. Advantageous embodiments are evident from the associated dependent claims.The catching device according to the invention is suitable and provided for use in a conveying device according to the invention. The safety brake device comprises at least one blocking element, at least one base body and at least one triggering device, the latter being provided for triggering a braking process.The blocking element is movable at least between a clearance position and a blocking position. For this purpose, the base body has at least one guide section for guiding the blocking element. A contour of a guide surface of the guide section has at least one feed section and / or at least one brake section and / or at least one stop.The advantages mentioned with respect to the conveying device according to the invention apply here analogously to the catching device according to the invention.Exemplary EmbodimentsThe conveying device according to the invention and the catching device according to the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to an exemplary embodiment which is illustrated in the figures. It shows: FIG. 1 : a perspective view of a conveying device according to the invention. FIG. 2 : shows a further perspective view of the conveying device from FIG. 1. FIG. 3 : shows a horizontal section through the conveying device from FIG. 1. FIG. 4 : shows a guide section of a base body of the catching device of the conveying device from FIG. 1. FIG. 5 : shows a horizontal section through a column of the conveying device from FIG. 1.A conveying device 1 according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 1 to 5. The conveying device 1 comprises a column 2 and a conveying basket for receiving at least one item, which basket is displaceable along the column 2 in the vertical direction and is not shown in the figures.The column 2 of the conveying device 1 has two guide elements 3, 4 which are U-shaped in cross section. The guide elements 3, 4 each have two outwardly directed guide legs 5, 6, wherein the guide elements 3, 4 are connected to one another by a web 27. The web 27 is rectangular in cross section, wherein an interior space 28 is hollow. Furthermore, two support elements 30, which are also U-shaped in cross section and extend from the web 27 in the direction of an environment 31, as can be seen in particular from FIG. 5, are assigned to the column 2.In order to be able to move the conveyor basket along the column 2, the conveyor device 1 has two guide rollers 7, which are each clamped between the guide legs 5, 6 of a guide element 4, as can be seen particularly well in FIG. 5. Furthermore, the conveying device 1 has a carriage, not shown in the figures, which is guided on the column 2 by means of the guide rollers 7. The carriage carries the conveyor basket. Various sensors are also associated with the carriage. Furthermore, the carriage accommodates load chains of the conveying device 1 not shown in the figures.In order to prevent the conveyor basket from falling in an emergency situation, for example in the event of a failure of a load-bearing member, the conveyor device 1 furthermore has a catching device 8, which is arranged on the carriage. The catch device 8 again has a blocking element 9, a base body 10 and a release device 14, which can be seen in detail in FIG. 2. For better visibility of the aforementioned components, the column 2 is hidden in FIG. 4. The catch device 8 is designed as a locking catch device 26.As can be seen particularly well from FIG. 3, the base body 10 is of U-shaped configuration in cross section. The base body therefore has two legs 46, 47 and a web 48 connecting the two legs. The base body 10 is arranged on the column 2 in such a way that it engages with its legs 46, 47 two mutually opposite surfaces 11, 12 of a guide leg 5 of a guide element 3 of the column 2. In this case, the base body 10 is movable in a sliding manner along a longitudinal axis 32 of the column 2.The triggering device 14 is connected to a rear side 33 of the base body 10, and the triggering device 14 has a holding plate 34 and a prestressed spring 24, the latter being connected via an arm 25 to a pin 16, on which the locking element 9, which is designed in the form of a contact pressure roller 15, is rotatably arranged, as can be seen particularly well from FIG. 2. In addition, the conveying device 1 has a sensor, not shown in the figures, for detecting an emergency situation, and a control unit, likewise not shown in the figures, for activating the triggering device 14. By way of example, it can be provided that the triggering device 14 can be triggered by an electrical signal when an emergency situation is detected.The pressure roller 15 is arranged in a guide section 13 of the base body 10. The guide section 13 is formed in a leg 46 of the base body 10. For guiding the pressure roller 15, the leg is covered by a sheet metal 50 which is provided with an elongated hole through which the pin 16 is guided. The pressure roller 15 can be moved along a guide section 13 of the base body 10, which can be seen particularly well in FIG. 4. For this purpose, the guide section 13 has a guide surface 18. A contour 17 of the guide surface 18 is divided into three sections 19, 20, 21:A first section is formed as a feed section 19. The contour 17 of the guide surface 18 is formed in a straight line with a first slope 22.A second section of the contour 17 is designed as a braking section 20. In the braking section 20, the contour 17 is likewise formed in a rectilinear manner. However, the contour 17 has a second slope 23 that is greater than the first slope 22.The two slopes relate here to a coordinate system 35 drawn in FIG. 4, in which a y-axis 36 (axis of ordinates) runs parallel to the longitudinal axis 32 of the column 2 and the x-axis 37 (axis of abscissas) runs perpendicular thereto.A third section is designed as a stop 21. The contour 17 is formed in this section in the shape of a circular arc, wherein a radius 38 of the circle substantially corresponds to a radius 39 of the contact roller 15.The blocking element 9 is movable at least between a clearance position and a blocking position. The blocking element 9 when present in the clearance position can be seen in FIG. 4. In the presence of the clearance, which is identified in FIG. 4 by the reference numeral 40, the blocking element 9 is located in the feed section 19. There is no contact between the pressure roller 15 and the guide leg 5. In the clearance position, the conveyor basket can be moved freely up and down along the column 2.During a braking process triggered by the triggering device 14, the spring 24 is activated in such a way that the arm 25 of the triggering device 14 is moved, as a result of which the contact roller 15 is moved. The movement of the pressure roller 15 takes place in the vertical direction counter to a falling direction 49 of the conveyor basket.In this case, the pressure roller 15 is transferred starting from the clearance into the blocking position. An intermediate position assumed between the two positions is likewise recognizable in FIG. 4 and is identified by the reference numeral 41. In this position, the pressure roller 15 has moved from the feed section 19 in the direction of the braking section 20. A distance 42 between the contact surfaces 43, 44 clamping the contact roller 15 is reduced in comparison with the presence of the contact roller 15 in the clearance position. A first contact surface 43 is formed by the guide surface 18, while a second contact surface 44 is formed by a surface 11 of the guide leg 5 of the guide element 3 of the column 2. In this manner, the pressure roller 15 is pressed against the guide leg 5.Since the movement of the conveyor basket is not yet completely prevented in this way, the conveyor basket can move further in the falling direction 49. Here, the pressure roller 15 is drawn further into the braking section 20 and displaced into the blocking position, as is identified in FIG. 4 by the reference numeral 45. In this way, a positive connection is produced between the pressure roller 15 and the base body 10. In particular, the pressure roller 15 is clamped between the guide section 13 and the guide leg 5 and thus blocks a movement of the conveyor basket At the same time, a contact occurs between the other surface 12 of the guide leg 5 of the guide element 3 of the column 2 and the other leg 47 of the base body 10, which contact assists the braking action. In this way, the conveyor basket can be completely stopped.List of reference characters1 Conveying device 2 column 3 guide element 4 guide element 5 guide limb 6 guide limb 7 guide roller 8 catch device 9 blocking element 10 base body 11 surface 12 surface 13 guide section 14 trigger device 15 contact roller 16 pin 17 contour 18 guide surface 19 feed section 20 brake section 21 stop 22 first slope 23 second slope 24 spring 25 arm 26 blocking catch device 27 web 28 interior 29 support element 30 support element 31 vicinity 32 longitudinal axis of column 33 rear side of base body 34 holding plate 35 coordinate system 36 y-axis (axis of ordinates) 37 x-axis (axis of abscissas) 38 radius 39 radius 40 clearance 41 intermediate position 42 distance 43 contact surface 44 contact surface 45 blocking position 46 limb of base body 47 limb of base body 48 web of base body 49 falling direction 50 sheet metalReferences included in the specificationThis list of documents cited by the applicant has been produced in an automated manner and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent application or utility model application. The DPMA does not take any adhesion for any faults or omissions.Patent Literature citedDE 1 406 188
[0004]
Claims
Conveying device (1) for conveying at least one item in the vertical direction, comprising - at least one column (2), wherein the column (2) has two guide elements (3, 4) of U-shaped cross section, each with at least two outwardly directed guide legs (6), - at least one conveying basket which can be moved along the column (2) for receiving the item, - at least one catching device (8) which is arranged on the conveying basket, the catching device (8) comprising ▪ at least one blocking element (9), wherein the blocking element (9) can be moved at least between a free position (40) and a blocking position (45), wherein the conveying basket can be moved along the column (2) when the blocking element (9) is present in the free position (40), and wherein the conveying basket is blocked in its movement when the blocking element (9) is present in the blocking position (45), ▪ at least one base body (10), wherein the base body (10) engages around two mutually opposite surfaces (12) of a guide leg (6) of a guide element (4) of the column (2), is slidingly movable along the guide leg (6) and has at least one guide section (13) for guiding the blocking element (9), ▪ at least one triggering device (14) for triggering a braking process of the conveying device (1), - wherein the blocking element (9) can be transferred during the braking process from the clearance position (40) into the blocking position (45) and can be moved along the guide section (13) relative to the base body (10), - wherein the blocking element (9) is arranged in such a manner in the guide section (13) when present in the blocking position (45), preventing a movement of the conveyor basket due to a frictional connection between the blocking element (9) and the base body (10).Conveying device (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the blocking element (9) is designed in the form of a pressure roller (15).Conveying device (1) according to Claim 2, characterized in that the pressure roller (15) is mounted rotatably on a pin (16), the pin (16) being connected to the triggering device (14) by means of an arm (25).Conveying device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the triggering device (14) has at least one spring (24) which, after triggering from the clearance (40), moves the blocking element (9) at least in the direction of the blocking position (45).Conveying device (1) according to claim 4, characterised in that the arm (25) of the triggering device (14) is movable by means of the spring (24).Conveying device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a contour (17) of a guide surface (18) of the guide section (13) of the base body (10) has a. at least one feed section (19) and / or b. at least one brake gate and / or c. at least one stop (21).Conveying device (1) according to claim 6, characterised in that - the feed section (19) has a first slope (22) and / or - the brake section (20) has a second slope (23), wherein the second slope (23) is greater than the first slope (22) and / or - the stop (21) is formed in the shape of a circular arc.Conveying device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the triggering device (14) can be triggered by an electrical signal.Conveying device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the catching device (8) is designed in the form of a blocking catching device (26) or a brake catching device.Conveying device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base body (10) is U-shaped when viewed in cross section.Catching device (8) for use in a conveying device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising - at least one blocking element (9), wherein the blocking element (9) is movable at least between a clearance position (40) and a blocking position (45), - at least one base body (10), wherein the base body (10) has at least one guide section (13) for guiding the blocking element (9) and - at least one triggering device (14) for triggering a braking process, characterized in that a contour (17) of a guide surface (18) of the guide section (13) of the base body (10) has - at least one feed section (19) and / or - at least one brake gate and / or - at least one stop (21).