Support device for attaching photovoltaic modules, support device mounting technology and module mounting technology

Abstract

Support device (1) for attaching at least one photovoltaic (PV) module (PVM), wherein the PV module (PVM) can preferably be attached in a substantially perpendicular position to a ground surface (BO) of a ground (B), comprising: - at least one first post (100) and one second post (100') for attachment to a ground fixing device (1000) fixed in the ground (B), wherein the post (100, 100') has a longitudinal axis (PL) which can be arranged substantially perpendicular to the ground surface (BO), - at least one first crossbar (200) and one second crossbar (200') for attachment to the first post (100) and to the second post (100'), wherein the crossbar (200, 200') has a longitudinal axis (QL) which can be arranged substantially parallel to the ground surface (BO), wherein a mounting surface (300) is spanned between the first post (100), the second post (100'), the first crossbar (200) and the second crossbar (200'), wherein the mounting surface (300) is preferably substantially rectangular, wherein the PV module (PVM) or several PV modules (PVM) can be arranged on the mounting surface (300), the support device (1) further comprises: - at least one first connector Vij (i=1, j=1) for connecting the first post (100) to the first crossbeam (200), a second connector Vij (i=2, j=1) for connecting the second post (100') to the first crossbeam (200), a third connector Vij (i=1, j=2) for connecting the first post (100) to the second crossbeam (200'), a fourth connector Vij (i=2, j=2) for connecting the second post (100') to the second crossbeam (200'), wherein the connector Vij is height-adjustable along the post's longitudinal axis (PL) and can be connected to the post (100,100') and / or the crossbeam (200,200') is laterally adjustable along the crossbeam's longitudinal axis (QL) and can be connected to the connector Vij and / or the crossbeam (200,200') along a transverse offset axis (QVA) obliquely to the transverse beam longitudinal axis (QL) can be connected with the connector Vij.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to the field of support devices for attaching photovoltaic (PV) modules, in particular support devices for PV modules that are to be attached in a substantially perpendicular position to a ground surface.

[0002] Such a mounting device is used in particular for bifacial PV modules, which absorb solar radiation on both sides and convert it into an electric current. The mounting device according to the invention is equally suitable for mounting monofacial PV modules, which absorb solar radiation on one side and convert it into an electric current. Mounting PV modules vertically can be advantageous to ensure a high power yield in the morning and evening. For example, bifacial PV modules can be oriented so that one side faces east and the opposite side faces west.

[0003] From EP 3 683 960 A1, a support device for attaching at least one photovoltaic (PV) module is known, wherein the PV module can be attached perpendicular to a ground surface, wherein the support device comprises at least a first post and a second post anchored in the ground, the first and second posts each having a longitudinal axis that is substantially perpendicular to the ground surface. The known support device further comprises at least a first crossbar and a second crossbar that are inserted through post openings in the first and second posts and are directly and rigidly attached, the first and second crossbars each having a longitudinal axis that is substantially parallel to the ground surface.On the U-shaped, upwardly open crossbars, retaining elements made of solid material are inserted in a form-fitting manner and with a through-reach through the crossbar base, which have vertical grooves on the top and bottom into which a PV module can be inserted.

[0004] Furthermore, it is known from EP 3 683 960 A1 to provide at least one third crossbar for attachment to the first post and the second post, wherein the third crossbar has a longitudinal axis that is arranged substantially parallel to the ground surface. A second mounting surface can be spanned between the first post, the second post, the second crossbar, and the third crossbar, wherein the second mounting surface is also preferably substantially rectangular. A further PV module or several further PV modules can be arranged on the second mounting surface.

[0005] Furthermore, it is known from EP 3 683 960 A1 to provide at least one third post for attachment to the ground anchoring device, wherein the post has a longitudinal axis that is substantially perpendicular to the ground surface. The support device can comprise at least one fourth crossbar and one fifth crossbar for attachment to the second post and the third post, respectively, wherein the fourth and fifth crossbars each have a longitudinal axis that is substantially parallel to the ground surface. A third mounting surface can be spanned between the second post, the third post, the fourth crossbar, and the fifth crossbar, wherein the third mounting surface is also rectangular. One or more additional PV modules can be arranged on the third mounting surface.

[0006] This type of support structure is also known as a solar fence. Such a structure can be extended with additional posts and crossbars, thus enabling a modular design.

[0007] The support devices known from EP 3 683 960 A1 are disadvantageous because unevenness in the ground and inaccuracies in the geometry and arrangement of the ground anchoring device can occur, which cannot be adequately compensated for by the known support device. The ground anchoring device preferably comprises several ground posts, which are, for example, driven into the ground. The anchoring of the ground posts in the ground can be subject to considerable inaccuracies. In particular, it can happen that a ground post is not driven vertically, but at an angle. Furthermore, errors can occur in the arrangement and positioning of the ground posts. For example, it may be crucial for the installation of the support device that the ground posts are mounted along a straight line. The posts are then attached to the ground posts.This causes unevenness in the ground and inaccuracies in the geometry and arrangement of the ground anchors to be transferred to the posts of the support structure. This makes mounting the crossbeams to the posts, and consequently the mounting of the support structure and / or the PV modules, more difficult. It can happen that, due to these unevennesses in the ground and inaccuracies in the geometry and arrangement of the ground anchors, components of the support structure cannot be connected to each other, or can only be connected by tension and / or deformation of the components of the support structure, and / or that the clamped mounting surfaces deviate from the intended shape, and / or that the PV modules cannot be mounted in the desired positions and orientations.

[0008] The mounting devices known from EP 3 683 960 A1 still have disadvantages because, due to the problems described above, subsequent mounting of the PV modules is often not possible after the mounting device has been installed. This can occur, for example, due to significant geometric deviations between the intended and actual mounting surfaces. This often necessitates that the PV modules cannot be mounted until the mounting device has been corrected. For this reason, the installation is often not divided into separate work packages for mounting the mounting device and mounting the PV modules on the mounting device. Instead, both work packages are frequently performed by the same installers, which prevents a more efficient division of labor among multiple installers, for example, on different installation days.

[0009] The support devices known from EP 3 683 960 A1 are still disadvantageous, as most of the steps for mounting the support device and / or the PV modules on the support device are usually carried out by several fitters and / or not without tools, thus increasing the effort required for assembly.

[0010] German patent DE 20 2022 107 183 U1 discloses a support device for PV modules comprising posts and crossbars, as well as adapters that can be inserted into the posts with a multi-sided positive locking mechanism or attached externally with a multi-sided, encompassing positive locking mechanism. The PV modules are fixed to the crossbars by module holders that surround the PV module in a frame-like manner and by undefined fastening elements.

[0011] From DE 10 2021 119 760 A1 a support device for PV modules is also known, which includes posts and crossbars as well as adapters designed as holding shoes.

[0012] DE 20 2024 100 335 U1 relates to a mounting system for the horizontal mounting of PV modules on a substructure on roofs.

[0013] The object of the present invention is to provide a carrying device that overcomes the known disadvantages of the prior art.

[0014] The invention solves this problem with the features of the support device according to claims 1 and 28.

[0015] The support device comprises at least one first connector Vij (i=1, j=1) for connecting the first post to the first crossbar, a second connector Vij (i=2, j=1) for connecting the second post to the first crossbar, a third connector Vij (i=1, j=2) for connecting the first post to the second crossbar, and a fourth connector Vij (i=2, j=2) for connecting the second post to the second crossbar.

[0016] By connecting each crossbeam to the first post with a connector Vij and to the second post with another connector Vij, inaccuracies in the arrangement and geometry of the posts can be compensated for. A certain tolerance exists at each connection point between a connector Vij and a post or crossbeam, which compensates for the described inaccuracies.

[0017] Preferably, the connector Vij is height-adjustable and connectable to the post along its longitudinal axis. This allows for compensation of uneven ground surfaces and / or inaccuracies in post alignment. In particular, the height adjustability of the individual connectors Vij ensures that the mounting surfaces can be aligned horizontally (especially using a spirit level). This guarantees that the intended mounting surface matches the actual mounting surface. Specifically, it ensures that the PV modules can be mounted horizontally (especially using a spirit level). The fence can theoretically be extended indefinitely, and all height differences along the terrain can be compensated for. In particular, this allows for the compensation of height differences with slopes of up to 30°, especially 20°, preferably 10°, or less.Furthermore, the mounting surface can be adjusted as desired to different PV module sizes using the height-adjustable connectors Vij.

[0018] Preferably, the crossbar is laterally adjustable and connected to the connector Vij along its longitudinal axis. For this purpose, the crossbar can preferably be slidably connected to the connector Vij. Consequently, inaccuracies in the arrangement of the posts, particularly regarding their spacing, can be compensated for. Furthermore, the lateral adjustability allows the post spacing to be varied. Therefore, the mounting surface can be adapted to different PV module sizes as needed using the laterally adjustable crossbars.

[0019] Furthermore, the crossbeam can be connected to the Vij connector at an angle to the crossbeam's longitudinal axis along a transverse offset axis. This allows for further compensation of unevenness on the ground surface and / or inaccuracies in the post arrangement, as the positioning of the crossbeams along the transverse offset axis can be further varied.

[0020] The support device preferably comprises at least one first clamp for attaching the PV module to the first crossbar and a second clamp for attaching the PV module to the first crossbar and / or for attaching the second PV module to the second crossbar. Furthermore, the support device may include a third clamp for attaching the third PV module to the third crossbar.

[0021] The support structure can be modularly expanded by adding additional posts, crossbars, connectors, and clamps.

[0022] A method for assembling a support device according to the invention comprises at least the following steps: - Securing the post to the ground anchor; - Connecting the connector Vij to the post; and - Connecting the crossbar to the connector Vij.

[0023] In particular, the support fixture assembly procedure includes the following steps: - Height-adjustable connection of the Vij connector to the post; and / or - Laterally adjustable connection of the crossbar to the connector Vij; and / or - Adjustable connection of the crossbar to the connector Vij along the transverse offset axis.

[0024] The support device assembly method exhibits the same advantages as described for the support device.

[0025] A module mounting method for attaching a PV module to a support device according to the invention comprises at least the following steps: - Attaching the PV module to the first crossbar (200) with the first clamp (400); and - Attach the PV module to the second crossbar using the second clamp.

[0026] Furthermore, the module assembly process can include the following step: - Attaching the additional PV module to the second crossbar with the second clamp, and / or - Attach the next PV module to the third crossbar using the third clamp.

[0027] In particular, the module assembly process includes the following steps: - loosely connecting the first clamp to the first crossbar; - Insert the PV module between the first clamp and the first crossbar; - Attaching the PV module to the second crossbar, - loosely connecting the second clamp to the second crossbar.

[0028] In the context of this disclosure, "loose connection" preferably means that the clamp is connected to the crossbar in such a way that the clamp cannot fall off the crossbar due to gravity. "Loose connection" further preferably means that the PV module can be placed on the clamp or between the clamp and the crossbar without the clamp being able to detach from the crossbar due to the weight of the PV module. "Loose connection" further preferably means that the clamp is not fixed to the crossbar. In particular, "loose connection" means that the clamp still needs to be fixed in order to clamp the PV module. The PV module is therefore not yet clamped by the "loose connection." The PV module is merely inserted into a gap in the clamp or into a gap between the clamp and the crossbar.This is advantageous because the clamp can be loosely connected to the crossbar without tools, for example, by manually tightening a clamping bolt, in particular a screw, and / or a clamping fixing device, in particular a nut or a threaded plate. The subsequent assembly steps—inserting the PV module between the first clamp and the first crossbar, positioning the PV module against the second crossbar, and loosely connecting the second clamp to the second crossbar—can also be carried out without tools and / or with one hand, thus requiring fewer installers, preferably a single installer. Furthermore, the loose connection allows the PV module to be inserted because the gap between the clamp and the crossbar is greater than the thickness of the PV module. The PV module can therefore be inserted at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the post between the clamp and the crossbar.

[0029] Furthermore, the module assembly process can include the following step: - Fixing the first clamp to the first crossbar to clamp the PV module between the first clamp and the first crossbar.

[0030] In this context, "fixing" preferably means that the clamp is secured with the crossbar, thus clamping the PV module. Fixing can be done without tools, for example, using a manually operated quick-release fastener. Alternatively, "fixing" can be done with a tool, for example, by fixing the clamping bolt, in particular by fixing the clamping locking device to the clamping bolt. For example, a screw, nut, or threaded plate can be tightened with one hand, thus requiring fewer installers, preferably a single installer. The prior "loose connection" of the first and second clamps preferably already generates sufficient holding forces, so that the PV module no longer needs to be held by the installer while fixing the clamps.

[0031] Furthermore, the module assembly process can include the following steps: - Inserting the additional PV module between the second terminal and the second crossbar

[0032] Furthermore, the module assembly process can include the following step: - Attaching the next PV module to the third crossbar

[0033] Furthermore, the module assembly process can include the following step: - loosely connecting the third clamp to the third crossbar

[0034] Furthermore, the module assembly process can include the following step: - Fixing the second clamp to the second crossbar to clamp the PV module between the second clamp and the second crossbar and / or to clamp the further PV module between the second clamp and the second crossbar.

[0035] Furthermore, the module assembly process can include the following step: - Fixing the third clamp to the third crossbar to clamp the next PV module between the third clamp and the third crossbar.

[0036] The "loose connection" and "fixing" of the clamp on the crossbar are advantageously utilized in these assembly steps. "Loose connection" allows the installer to attach the PV modules loosely to the support structure without the risk of them falling out. "Fixing" allows the installer to secure or clamp the PV modules to the support structure, thus ensuring they meet safety requirements. In particular, because the second clamp is used to clamp the first and subsequent PV modules, the installer can advantageously mount multiple PV modules to the support structure single-handedly. Consequently, the PV modules can be installed more efficiently and easily.

[0037] The aforementioned aspects can each be used individually or in combination to solve the problem. Further advantageous embodiments of the support device, the support device assembly method, and the module assembly method according to the disclosure are disclosed in the dependent claims. Drawing description

[0038] The Revelation is depicted in exemplary and schematic form in the drawings. They show: Fig. 1: a support device as disclosed (1) in a perspective view Fig. 2: a carrying device as disclosed (1) in a frontal view Fig. 3: a support device as disclosed (1) in a side view Fig. 4: a connector Vij as revealed in a side view Fig. 5: a connector Vij as disclosed in a top view Fig. 6: a first embodiment of a clamp (400) in a side view Fig. 7: a first embodiment of a clamp (400) in a frontal view Fig. 8: a first embodiment of a clamp (400) in a side view Fig. 9: a second embodiment of a clamp (400) in a frontal view Fig. 10: a second embodiment of a clamp (400) in a side view

[0039] The Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. Figure 3 shows by way of example a support device (1) according to the disclosure for attaching at least one photovoltaic (PV) module (PVM), wherein the PV module (PVM) can preferably be attached in a substantially perpendicular position to a ground surface (BO) of a ground (B).

[0040] The in the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2. An exemplary support device (1) comprises a first post (100) and a second post (100') for attachment to a ground fixing device (1000) fixed in the ground (B), wherein the post (100, 100') has a longitudinal axis (PL) which can be arranged substantially perpendicular to the ground surface (BO).

[0041] Furthermore, the in the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2. An exemplary support device (1) provides a third post (100") for attachment to the ground fixing device (1000) fixed in the ground (B), wherein the post (100") has a longitudinal axis (PL) which can be arranged substantially perpendicular to the ground surface (BO).

[0042] As in the Fig. As illustrated in Figures 1 to 3, the ground fixing device (1000) can comprise one or more ground posts (1100). In the Fig. 1 and Fig. Figure 2 shows, by way of example, a first ground post (1100), a second ground post (1100'), and a third ground post (1100"). The ground posts (1100) are preferably driven into the ground (B), in particular perpendicular to the ground surface (BO). The ground posts (1100) can, for example, be driven into the ground / soil using a machine (driver). Difficulties may arise in this process, in particular: tilting or twisting of the driven post due to stones in the ground, and differences in elevation. Alternatively, the ground posts (1100) and / or the posts (100) can be cast into a concrete foundation. Alternative embodiments of the ground anchoring device (1000) are also compatible with the support device (1) according to the disclosure. As in Fig. As shown in Figure 5, the ground post (1100) can have the shape of a C-profile. Alternatively, the ground post (1100) can, for example, have the shape of a square profile, a polygonal profile, or a cylinder. As shown in Fig. As shown in Figure 5, the base post (1100) can have an opening through which, for example, a bolt can be inserted to fix the post (100) to the base post (1100). The post (100) can also be fixed to the base post (1100) in a height-adjustable manner, for example, by providing one or more elongated holes along which the post (100) and the base post (1100) can be slid relative to each other.

[0043] In the Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 6, the posts (100, 100', 100") have the shape of a square profile. In an embodiment not shown, the post (100, 100', 100") may, for example, have the shape of a C-profile, a polygonal profile, or a cylinder. As in Fig. Figure 5 shows that the cross-sectional area of ​​the post (100) is preferably smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the base post (1100), so that the post (100) can be inserted into the base post (1100). Alternatively, the cross-sectional area of ​​the post (100) can preferably be larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the base post (1100), so that the base post (1100) can be inserted into the post (100). Preferably, the post (100) is laterally supported by the base post (1100). In an embodiment not shown, the post (100, 100', 100") may, for example, have the shape of a C-profile, a polygonal profile, or a cylinder. If both the base post (1100) and the post (100) have the shape of a C-profile, the C-profile of the post (100) may be slightly smaller or slightly larger than the C-profile of the base post (1100) in order to fit together.The base post (1100) can have its C-profile opening on the opposite side from the post (100), so that the two posts can be braced against each other during fixing, especially screwing, thus creating a force-fit and friction-fit connection. If both were open on the same side, the C-profile would bend inwards. A fixing bolt is inserted and secured on the closed side of the post (100). The two C-profiles fixed against each other advantageously require less steel while maintaining very stable structural integrity.

[0044] In an embodiment not shown, a further post (100') can be attached to a post (100) to extend the support structure along the post's longitudinal axis (PL) in a vertical direction to the ground surface (BO). Consequently, the support structure (100) can be enlarged in the vertical direction so that more crossbeams (200) can be arranged one above the other, thereby supporting more than two PV modules (as in the Fig. (1 to 3 shown) can be attached one above the other to the support device (100). Alternatively, they could be attached in the Fig. In the embodiment shown in 1 to 3, the crossbars (200) are spaced closer together, so that more PV modules of lower height can be arranged one above the other.

[0045] As in the Fig. Figures 1 to 3 show in an exemplary embodiment that the support device (1) comprises at least one first crossbar (200) and one second crossbar (200') for attachment to the first post (100) and the second post (100'), wherein the crossbar (200, 200') has a longitudinal axis (QL) that can be arranged substantially parallel to the ground surface (BO). A mounting surface (300) is spanned between the first post (100), the second post (100'), the first crossbar (200), and the second crossbar (200'), the mounting surface (300) being preferably substantially rectangular. The PV module (PVM) or multiple PV modules (PVM) can be arranged on the mounting surface (300).

[0046] As in the Fig. As further shown in Figures 1 to 3, the support device (1) can comprise at least one third crossbar (200") for attachment to the first post (100) and to the second post (100'), wherein the crossbar (200") has a longitudinal axis (QL) that can be arranged substantially parallel to the ground surface (BO). A second mounting surface (300') can be spanned between the first post (100), the second post (100'), the second crossbar (200') and the third crossbar (200"), wherein the second mounting surface (300') is also preferably substantially rectangular. One or more further PV modules (PVM') can be arranged on the second mounting surface (300').

[0047] As in the Fig. 1 and Fig. As further shown in Figure 3, the support device (1) can comprise at least one fourth crossbar (200''') and one fifth crossbar (200'''') for attachment to the second post (100') and the third post (100"), wherein the crossbar (200''', 200'''') has a longitudinal axis (QL) that can be arranged substantially parallel to the ground surface (BO). A third mounting surface (300'') can be spanned between the second post (100'), the third post (100''), the fourth crossbar (200''') and the fifth crossbar (200''''), wherein the mounting surface (300'') is preferably substantially rectangular. One or more further PV modules (PVM'') can be arranged on the third mounting surface (300'').

[0048] As in the Fig. 1 and Fig. As further shown in Figure 2, the support device (1) can comprise at least one sixth crossbar (200'''') for attachment to the second post (100') and the third post (100''), wherein the crossbar (200'''''') has a longitudinal axis (QL) that can be arranged substantially parallel to the ground surface (BO). A fourth mounting surface (300''') can be spanned between the second post (100'), the third post (100''), the fifth crossbar (200''''), and the sixth crossbar (200'''''), wherein the mounting surface (300''') is preferably substantially rectangular. One or more further PV modules (PVM''') can be arranged on the fourth mounting surface (300''').

[0049] The support structure (1) can be extended modularly as desired by additional posts (100), additional crossbars (200) and thus by additional mounting surfaces (300) and therefore by additional attachable PV modules (PVM).

[0050] The in the Fig. The exemplary embodiment of a support device (100) shown in Figures 1 to 3 further comprises at least one first connector Vij (i=1, j=1) for connecting the first post (100) to the first crossbar (200), a second connector Vij (i=2, j=1) for connecting the second post (100') to the first crossbar (200), a third connector Vij (i=1, j=2) for connecting the first post (100) to the second crossbar (200'), and a fourth connector Vij (i=2, j=2) for connecting the second post (100') to the second crossbar (200'). Furthermore, the [description of the] Fig. The support device (1) shown in Figures 1 to 3 comprises at least one fifth connector Vij (i=1, j=3) for connecting the first post (100) to the third crossbar (200''), and a sixth connector Vij (i=2, j=3) for connecting the second post (100') to the third crossbar (200''). Furthermore, the support device shown in the Fig. The support device (1) shown in Figures 1 to 3 comprises at least one seventh connector Vij (i=2, j=4) for connecting the second post (100') to the fourth crossbeam (200'''), and one eighth connector Vij (i=3, j=4) for connecting the third post (100'') to the fourth crossbeam (200'''). Furthermore, the support device shown in the Fig. 1 to 3 of the supporting device (1) shall comprise at least one ninth connector Vij (i=2, j=5) for connecting the second post (100') to the fifth crossbar (200''''), and one tenth connector Vij (i=3, j=5) for connecting the third post (100'') to the fifth crossbar (200'''').

[0051] The support device (1) can be extended as desired by means of further connectors Vij for connecting a beam (100) with a crossbar (200).

[0052] As in the Fig. 6 and Fig. As shown in Figure 8, the crossbar (200) can have the shape of a C-profile. The connector Vij can, in the exemplary embodiment shown (see Figure 8), Fig. 4 and Fig. 5) have the shape of a square profile. Consequently, the crossbar (200) can advantageously be attached to the connector Vij from one side. The entire assembly can be carried out from one and the same side. This reduces the number of installers required and speeds up the assembly process, thus saving personnel costs and time.

[0053] In an embodiment not shown, the crossbar (200) can, for example, have the shape of a square profile, a polygonal profile, or a cylinder. In an embodiment not shown, the connector Vij can have the shape of a C-profile, a polygonal profile, or a cylinder.

[0054] Preferably, the crossbar (200) and the connector Vij have a complementary shape, such that the crossbar (200) can be loosely connected to the connector Vij before being fixed to it, in particular by simply sliding the crossbar (200) onto the connector Vij. This allows an installer to vary the position of the crossbar (200), especially laterally, before fixing it to the connector Vij, in order to find an ideal position for fixing the crossbar (200). The assembly steps can be carried out by fewer installers, ideally by a single installer, and / or essentially without tools (in particular the "loose connection").

[0055] Preferably, the connector Vij is height-adjustable and connectable to the post (100, 100', 100'') along the post's longitudinal axis (PL). As shown in Fig. As shown in Figure 4, the post (100, 100') can have several locking openings (AO) along its longitudinal axis (PL). In this exemplary embodiment, the connector Vij can comprise at least one locking lug (AN), the locking lug (AN) being shaped complementarily to the locking openings (AO) so that by inserting the locking lug (AN) into one of the locking openings (AO), the connector Vij can be connected to the post (100, 100') in a height-adjustable manner along the post's longitudinal axis (PL). In the exemplary embodiment shown in the figures, the locking lug (AN) has a shape that allows it to hook into the locking openings (AO). Consequently, the connector Vij can be connected to the post (100) without tools. The connector Vij is supported by gravity on the post (100) via the locking lug(s) (AN).The locking lug(s) are preferably hook-shaped, so that they can first be inserted horizontally into the locking openings (AO) and then hooked in vertically. In this hooked state, the connector Vij cannot be detached from the post (100) by a force acting horizontally or downwards towards the ground. In particular, after the crossbar (200) (and the PV module) has been attached, the gravity of these components prevents the connector Vij from detaching from the post (100).

[0056] In an alternative embodiment not shown, the connector Vij can have multiple locking openings (AO) along the post longitudinal axis (PL) and the post (100, 100', 100'') can include at least one locking lug (AN).

[0057] Because several locking openings (AO) are provided along the longitudinal axis (PL) of the post, the Vij connector can be easily adjusted in its positional height on the post (100) without tools. If the installer realizes that two Vij connectors cannot be mounted at the same height on two posts (100, 100') due to inaccuracies in the position of the posts (100, 100') and / or the base posts (1100, 1100') in order to attach a crossbar (200) to them in a desired position, especially horizontally (especially level according to a spirit level), he can remove one Vij connector from the locking openings (AO) without tools and insert it into other locking openings (AO) above or below the current height position to connect the Vij connector to the post (100) at a different height. This also allows the support device (1) to be adapted to different heights of different PV module types.

[0058] During the Fig. 1 and Fig. In the exemplary embodiment of a support device (1) shown in Figure 2, the post (100, 100', 100'') can have one or more locking openings (AO) (and / or one or more locking lugs (AN)) on a first side and on a second side, wherein the first side and the second side are preferably arranged opposite each other, wherein the post (100, 100', 100'') can be connected on the first side to a first connector Vij, and wherein the post (100, 100', 100'') can be connected on the second side to a second connector Vij. The post (100, 100', 100'') can analogously have further sides for connecting further connectors Vij. The support device (1) can therefore be modularly extended in various directions by means of further posts and further crossbars, and thus by means of further mounting surfaces. The height position of the crossbars can therefore be individually adjusted between different posts, thereby compensating for height differences or...Positional differences between different posts can be compensated for, or the shape of the mounting surfaces can be individually adapted.

[0059] In an alternative embodiment not shown, the connector Vij can, for example, be designed as a clamp that can be clamped to the post (100) in a height-adjustable manner. Alternative connectors Vij that can be connected to the post (100, 100') in a height-adjustable manner along the post's longitudinal axis (PL) can be combined analogously with the support device (1) according to the disclosure.

[0060] Preferably, the crossbar (200, 200', 200'', 200''') is laterally adjustable and connectable to the connector Vij along the crossbar longitudinal axis (QL). As in Fig. As shown in Figure 5, the connector (Vij) can have a lateral adjustment slot (SLL) arranged along the longitudinal axis (QL) of the crossbar. As shown in Fig. As further shown in Figure 5, the crossbar (200, 200') can include a lateral adjustment fixing hole (SFL), wherein the crossbar (200, 200') can be arranged on the connector Vij such that the lateral adjustment hole (SLL) can be arranged overlapping with the lateral adjustment fixing hole (SFL). The lateral position of the crossbar (200) can be varied along the longitudinal axis of the lateral adjustment slot (SLL). Inaccuracies in the positions of the posts (100) can thus be compensated for. Alternatively, the position of the posts (100) can be varied to adapt the support structure to different widths of PV modules and to span different widths of mounting surfaces without having to use different crossbars (200). In an alternative embodiment not shown, the crossbar (200) can have a side adjustment slot (SLL) arranged along the crossbar longitudinal axis (QL), and the connector Vij can have a side adjustment fixing hole (SFL).

[0061] As in the Fig. 4 and Fig. As shown in Figure 5, a side adjustment bolt (SB), in particular a screw, can be inserted through the side adjustment slot (SLL) and the side adjustment fixing hole (SFL). In this exemplary embodiment, the side adjustment bolt (SB) can be fixed, in particular with a side adjustment fixing means (SF), especially with a nut or a threaded plate (see Figure 5). Fig. 4) Alternatively, the holes can include threads into which the lateral adjustment bolt (SB), in particular the screw, can be screwed and fixed, especially without the need for a lateral adjustment fixing device (SF) to fix the lateral adjustment bolt (SB). For example, the holes are holes in thin sheet metal. The threads of the lateral adjustment bolt (SB), in particular the screw, can be screwed into the sheet metal, thus enabling the lateral adjustment bolt (SB) to be fixed even without the lateral adjustment fixing device (SF). The same applies to any bolts described in this disclosure that can be inserted into holes to fix components of the support device according to the disclosure. A bolt can be fixed to a component of the support device within the scope of this disclosure, in particular by insertion into a hole, preferably without the need for a fixing device.For example, the bolt could also be a press pin that is "pressed" into a hole with force, for example by means of a hammer. Alternative connectors Vij, which can be connected to the post (100,100') in a laterally adjustable manner along the longitudinal axis (QL) of the crossbar, can be combined analogously with the support device (1) as disclosed.

[0062] Preferably, the crossbar (200, 200') is adjustable and connectable to the connector Vij at an angle to the crossbar's longitudinal axis (QL) along a transverse offset axis (QVA). The position of the crossbar (200) can be further varied along the transverse offset axis (QVA). Inaccuracies in the positions of the posts (100) can thus be compensated for. Alternatively, the position of the posts (100) can be varied to adapt the support structure to different PV modules without having to adjust the length of the crossbars (200). As in Fig. As shown in Figure 5, the crossbar (200, 200') can have a transverse offset slot (QLL) arranged along the transverse offset axis (QVA). In an embodiment not shown, the connector Vij can also have a transverse offset slot (QLL) arranged along the transverse offset axis (QVA). The crossbar (200, 200') can be arranged on the connector Vij such that the lateral adjustment slot (SLL) can be arranged overlapping the transverse offset slot (QLL). As shown in the Fig. 4 and Fig. As shown in Figure 5, a transverse offset bolt (QB), in particular a screw, can be inserted through the lateral adjustment slot (SLL) and the transverse offset slot (QLL). The transverse offset bolt (QB) can be fixed, in particular with a transverse offset fixing device (QF), in particular with a nut or a threaded plate (see Figure 5). Fig. 4) Alternative methods for fixing the bolt are described above. Alternative connectors Vij, which can be connected to the post (100,100') in a height-adjustable manner along the transverse offset longitudinal axis, can be combined analogously with the support device (1) as disclosed.

[0063] As in the Fig. As shown in Figures 1 to 3 in an exemplary embodiment, the support device (1) can comprise at least one first clamp (400) for attaching the PV module (PVM) to the first crossbar (200) and a second clamp (400') for attaching the PV module (PVM) to the second crossbar (200'). As shown in the Fig. As shown in Figures 1 to 3, two (or more) clamps can be provided for each crossbar (200). The support device (1) can include at least one third clamp (400'') for attaching the additional PV module (PVM') to the third crossbar (200''). The support device (1) can include any number of additional clamps (400) for any number of additional crossbars (200). The support device (1) is modularly expandable.

[0064] In the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 (on first mounting surface (300) and second mounting surface (300')) and in the Fig. Figures 6 to 8 show a first exemplary embodiment of a clamp (400). Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 (on the third mounting surface (300'') and fourth mounting surface (300'''')) and in the Fig. 9 and Fig. Figure 10 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a clamp (400). The first embodiment is preferably designed for clamping PV modules with a frame structure. Such "framed" PV modules are less susceptible to damage due to the stable frame structure. "Framed" PV modules can therefore generally be clamped to metallic surfaces. Consequently, the first embodiment does not have any soft plastic surfaces for clamping. In the first embodiment, a "framed" PV module can therefore be clamped between the clamp (400) and the crossbar (200), in particular between two metallic surfaces of these two components. The second embodiment is preferably designed for clamping PV modules without a frame structure. Such "frameless" PV modules are more susceptible to damage due to the lack of a stable frame structure.Frameless PV modules therefore generally need to be clamped to soft surfaces, especially (soft) plastic surfaces (e.g., EPDM). In the second embodiment, the PV module is clamped between a first and a second component of the clamp (400), specifically between two soft plastic surfaces. However, the first embodiment can also be suitable for clamping frameless PV modules, particularly if the crossbar (200) and / or the clamp (400) have soft surfaces that minimize the risk of damage, for example, by providing soft (plastic) lamellae. The second embodiment can be suitable for framed PV modules.The following descriptions refer to any conceivable embodiment, but essentially to the first and second embodiments, preferably to the first embodiment (unless the second embodiment is explicitly addressed, in particular with reference to drawings 9 and 10). The features of the first and second embodiments of the clamp (400) can be combined in any way.

[0065] As in the Fig. 3, Fig. 6 and Fig. As shown in Figure 8, the clamp (400, 400', 400'') can have the shape of a C-profile, particularly for positive locking onto the crossbar (200, 200', 200''). The clamp (400, 400', 400'') is preferably designed to be loosely attached to the crossbar (200, 200', 200''). Consequently, the installer can attach the clamp without tools before "loosely connecting" and "fixing," thus freeing their hands for further assembly steps.

[0066] As in Fig. Figure 7 shows an exemplary arrangement of the crossbar (200, 200', 200') comprising a clamping hole (KL), in particular a clamping slot (KLL) arranged along the longitudinal axis (QL) of the crossbar. The clamp (400, 400', 400'') comprises a clamping fixing hole (KFL). The clamp (400, 400', 400'') can be arranged on the crossbar (200, 200', 200'') such that the clamping hole (KL), in particular the clamping slot (KLL), can be arranged overlapping with the clamping fixing hole (KFL). In the illustration shown in the Fig. 9 and Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 10, the crossbar (200, 200', 200') includes a clamping hole (KL) that is not designed as an elongated hole. In an embodiment not shown, the clamp (400, 400', 400'') includes the clamping hole (KL), in particular the clamping elongated hole (KLL) arranged along the longitudinal axis (QL) of the crossbar, and the crossbar (200, 200', 200'') includes the clamping fixing hole (KFL).

[0067] As in the Fig. 8 and Fig. Figure 10 shows an example of how a clamping bolt (KB), in particular a screw, can be inserted through the clamping hole (KL), in particular the clamping slot (KLL), and the clamping fixing hole (KFL). Preferably, the clamping bolt (KB) can be fixed, in particular with a clamping fixing means (KF), in particular with a nut or with a threaded plate (GP) (see Figure 10). Fig. 6 and Fig. 8) Alternative methods for fixing the bolt are described above. By fixing the clamping bolt (KB), in particular the clamping fixing device (KF) to the clamping bolt (KB), especially by screwing the threaded plate (GP) to the screw (KB), the clamp (400, 400', 400'') can be fixed to the crossbar (200, 200', 200''). For example, the screw can be tightened with one hand using a screwdriver. Alternatively, a quick-release fastener can be provided for tool-free fixing. The installer can fix the clamp (400) with one hand. In particular, a threaded plate ensures that the clamp (400) rests on the crossbar (200) over a flat surface, thus providing secure fixing.

[0068] As in Fig. Figure 7 shows an example where the clamping slot (KLL) can include a threading area (EA). In the example shown, the threading area (EA) comprises an area larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the clamping fixing element (KF), in particular the threaded plate shown as an example, so that the clamping fixing element (KF) can be inserted through the threading area (EA).

[0069] As in Fig. As further shown in Figure 7, the clamping slot (KLL) can include a clamping section (KA) adjacent to the threading section (EA). In the example shown, the clamping section (KA) has a width that is narrower than a minimum width of the cross-sectional area of ​​the clamping fixing element (KF), in particular the threaded plate, so that the clamping fixing element (KF) cannot be removed from the clamping slot (KLL) within the clamping section (KA), thus allowing the clamp (400, 400', 400'') to be loosely connected to the crossbar (200, 200', 200'').

[0070] In the context of this disclosure, "loose connection" preferably means that the clamp (400) is connected to the crossbar (200) in such a way that the clamp (400) cannot fall off the crossbar (200) due to gravity. "Loose connection" further preferably means that the PV module (PVM) can be placed on the clamp (400) or between the clamp (400) and the crossbar (200) without the clamp (400) being able to detach from the crossbar (200) due to the weight of the PV module. "Loose connection" also preferably means that the clamp (400) is not fixed to the crossbar (200). In particular, "loose connection" means that the clamp (400) still needs to be fixed in order to clamp the PV module (PVM). Therefore, the PV module (PVM) is not yet clamped by the "loose connection". The PV module (PVM) is simply inserted into a space in the terminal (400) or into a space between the terminal (400) and the crossbar (200).This is advantageous because the clamp (400) can be "loosely connected" to the crossbar (200) without tools, for example by manually tightening the clamping bolt (KB), in particular a screw, and / or the clamping fixing element (KF), in particular a nut or a threaded plate. The subsequent assembly steps are also: - the insertion of the PV module (PVM) between the first terminal (400) and the first crossbar (200), - placing the PV module against the second crossbar (200'), and loosely connecting the second clamp (400') to the second crossbar (200') The connections can be made without tools and / or with one hand, thus requiring fewer installers, ideally just one. Furthermore, the "loose connection" allows the PV module to be "inserted" because the gap between the clamp (400) and the crossbar (200) is greater than the thickness of the PV module. The PV module can therefore be inserted at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the post between the clamp and the crossbar (see Fig. 3 and Fig. 6).

[0071] Preferably, the clamping fixing element (KF) can be inserted through the threading section (EA) and moved towards the clamping section (KA). By fixing the clamping fixing element (KF) to the clamping bolt (KB), in particular by screwing the threaded plate (GP) to the screw (KB) or by screwing the screw (KB) into the threaded plate (GP), the clamp (400, 400', 400'') can be fixed to the crossbar (200, 200', 200'').

[0072] The clamp (400,400',400'') preferably comprises at least one first clamping section (410) for clamping the PV module (PVM). In the first embodiment (see Fig. 6 and Fig. 8) The first clamping section (410) is designed to clamp the PVM module (PVM) between the terminal (400,400',400'') and the crossbar (200,200',200'').

[0073] The clamp (400,400',400'') preferably comprises at least one second clamping section (410'). In the first embodiment (see Fig. 6 and Fig. 8) The first clamping section (410) is designed for clamping the further PV module (PVM'), in particular between the clamp (400,400',400'') and the crossbar (200,200',200'').

[0074] Preferably, the crossbar (200, 200', 200'') comprises at least one first module assembly section (210) for attaching the PV module (PVM) and / or at least one second module assembly section (210') for attaching a further PV module (PVM'). Preferably, the PV module (PVM, PVM') can be clamped between the module assembly section (210, 210') and the clamping section (410, 410') (see Fig. 6 and Fig. 8).

[0075] In the second embodiment (see Fig. 10) The first clamping section (410) is designed to clamp the PVM module (PVM) between the first clamping section (410) and the second clamping section (410') (see Fig. 10).

[0076] The disclosed support device assembly method for assembling a disclosed support device (1) comprises the steps: - Attaching the post (100, 100', 100'') to the ground fixing device (1000); - Connecting connector Vij to the post (100, 100', 100''); and - Connecting the crossbar (200, 200', 200'') to the connector Vij.

[0077] Preferably, the support fixture assembly method comprises the following steps: - Attaching the first post (100) to the ground anchoring device (1000), in particular to a first ground post (1100) of the ground anchoring device (1000), and / or - Securing the second post (100') to the ground anchor (1000), in particular to a second ground post (1100') of the ground anchor (1000), and / or - Connecting the first connector Vij (i=1, j=1) to the first post (100), and / or - Connecting the second connector Vij (i=2, j=1) to the second post (100'), and / or - Connecting the first crossbar (200) to the first connector Vij (i=1, j=1), and / or - Connecting the first crossbar (200) to the second connector Vij (i=2, j=1), and / or - Connecting the third connector Vij (i=1, j=2) to the first post (100), and / or - Connecting the fourth connector Vij (i=2, j=2) to the second post (100'), and / or - Connecting the second crossbar (200') to the third connector Vij (i=1, j=2), and / or - Connecting the second crossbar (200') to the fourth connector Vij (i=2, j=2).

[0078] Preferably, the support fixture assembly method comprises the following steps: - Connecting the fifth connector Vij (i=1, j=3) to the first post (100), and / or - Connecting the sixth connector Vij (i=2, j=3) to the second post (100'), and / or - Connecting the third crossbar (200'') to the fifth connector Vij (i=1, j=3), and / or - Connecting the third crossbar (200'') to the sixth connector Vij (i=2, j=3), and / or

[0079] Preferably, the support fixture assembly method comprises the following steps: - Attaching the third post (100'') to the ground anchoring device (1000), in particular to a third ground post (1100'') of the ground anchoring device (1000).

[0080] Preferably, the support fixture assembly method comprises the following steps: - Connecting a seventh connector Vij (i=2, j=4) to the second post (100'), and / or - Connecting an eighth connector Vij (i=3, j=4) to the third post (100''), and / or - Connecting the fourth crossbar (200''') to the seventh connector Vij (i=2, j=4), and / or - Connecting the fourth crossbar (200''') to the eighth connector Vij (i=4, j=4), and / or - Connecting a ninth connector Vij (i=2, j=5) to the second post (100'), and / or - Connecting a tenth connector Vij (i=3, j=5) to the third post (100''), and / or - Connecting the fifth crossbar (200'''') to the ninth connector Vij (i=2, j=5), and / or - Connecting the fifth crossbar (200'''') to the tenth connector Vij (i=3, j=5).

[0081] The support device (1) can be extended modularly as desired by adding further ground posts (1100), posts (100), crossbeams (200) and connectors Vij.

[0082] Preferably, the support fixture assembly method comprises the following steps: - height-adjustable connection of the connector Vij to the post (100,100'), in particular by inserting the locking lug (AN) into one of the locking openings (AO) arranged along the longitudinal axis (PL) of the post, and / or - laterally adjustable connection of the crossbar (200,200') with the connector Vij, in particular by sliding overlap of the lateral adjustment fixing hole (SFL) with the lateral adjustment slot (SLL) along the longitudinal axis (QL) of the crossbar, and / or - Laterally adjustable connection of the crossbar (200,200') to the connector Vij by inserting the lateral adjustment bolt (SB) through the lateral adjustment slot (SLL) and through the lateral adjustment fixing hole (SFL); and / or - Securing the lateral adjustment bolt (SB), in particular with the lateral adjustment locking device (SF), and / or - Adjustable connection of the crossbar (200,200') with the connector Vij along the transverse offset axis (OVA), in particular by sliding overlap of the lateral adjustment fixing hole (SFL) with the transverse offset slot (QLL) along the crossbar longitudinal axis (QL) and / or along the transverse offset axis (QVA), and / or - Adjustable connection of the crossbar (200,200') to the connector Vij by inserting the transverse offset bolt (QB) through the lateral adjustment slot (SLL) and through the transverse offset slot (QLL); and / or - Fixing the transverse offset bolt (QB), in particular with the transverse offset fixing device (QF).

[0083] The individual Vij connectors allow the installer to individually adjust the connection points between the posts (100) and the crossbars (200), particularly via height adjustment, lateral adjustment, and / or adjustment along the transverse offset axis. The installer can therefore individually adapt the connection points to the specific conditions of the installation situation. Consequently, the mounting surfaces are individually adaptable to the PV modules to be installed.

[0084] Preferably, the support fixture assembly method comprises the following steps: - Loose connection of the first clamp (400) to the first crossbar (200), wherein the loose connection is preferably formed by inserting the clamping fixing element (KF) through the threading section (EA) and / or by sliding the clamping fixing element (KF) to the clamping section (KA). Consequently, the support device (1) can already be fitted with the clamps (400) before the PV modules are mounted using a module mounting method.

[0085] The module mounting method for attaching a PV module (PVM) to a support device as disclosed (1) comprises the steps - Attaching the PV module (PVM) to the first crossbar (200) with the first clamp (400); and - Attaching the PV module (PVM) to the second crossbar (200') with the second clamp (400').

[0086] Preferably, the module assembly procedure comprises the following steps: - loosely connecting the first clamp (400) to the first crossbar (200), wherein the loose connection is preferably formed by inserting the clamping fixing element (KF) through the threading section (EA) and by sliding the clamping fixing element (KF) to the clamping section (KA); and / or - Inserting the PV module (PVM) between the first terminal (400) and the first crossbar (200), in particular between the first module section (210) of the first crossbar (200) and the first terminal section (410) of the first terminal (400); and / or - Attaching the PV module (PVM) to the second crossbar (200'), in particular to the first module section (210) of the second crossbar (200'); and / or - loosely connecting the second clamp (400') to the second crossbar (200').

[0087] Preferably, the module assembly procedure comprises the following steps: - Fixing the first clamp (400) to the first crossbar (200) for clamping the PV module (PVM) between the first clamp (400) and the first crossbar (200), in particular between the first module assembly section (210) of the first crossbar (200) and the first clamping section (410) of the first clamp (400), wherein the fixing is formed in particular by fixing the clamping bolt (KB), in particular by fixing the clamp fixing means (KF) with the clamping bolt (KB).

[0088] Preferably, the module assembly procedure comprises the following steps: - Inserting the additional PV module (PVM) between the second terminal (400') and the second crossbar (200'), in particular between the second module section (210') of the second crossbar (200') and the second terminal section (410') of the second terminal (400').

[0089] Preferably, the module assembly procedure comprises the following steps: - Attaching the further PV module (PVM) to the third crossbar (200''), in particular to the first module section (210) of the third crossbar (200'').

[0090] Preferably, the module assembly procedure comprises the following steps: - loosely connecting the third terminal (400'') to the third crossbar (200'').

[0091] Preferably, the module assembly procedure comprises the following steps: - Fixing the second clamp (400') to the second crossbar (200') to clamp the PV module (PVM) between the second clamp (400') and the second crossbar (200'), in particular between the first module assembly section (210) of the second crossbar (200') and the first clamping section (410) of the second clamp (400').

[0092] Preferably, the module assembly procedure comprises the following steps: - Fixing the second clamp (400') to the second crossbar (200') to clamp the further PV module (PVM') between the second clamp (400') and the second crossbar (200'), in particular between the second module section (210') of the second crossbar (200') and the second clamping section (410') of the second clamp (400').

[0093] Preferably, the module assembly procedure comprises the following steps: - Fixing the third clamp (400'') to the third crossbar (200'') to clamp the further PV module (PVM') between the third clamp (400'') and the third crossbar (200''), in particular between the first module section (210) of the third crossbar (200'') and the first clamping section (410) of the third clamp (400'').

[0094] The described module assembly process steps advantageously utilize the steps of "loose connection" and "fixing" (see introduction). Furthermore, the described module assembly process steps can advantageously utilize the symmetrical arrangement of the first module section (210) and the second module section (210') (see Fig. 8) Furthermore, the described module assembly process steps can advantageously utilize the symmetrical arrangement of the first clamping section (410) and the second clamping section (410') of the terminal (400) of the first exemplary embodiment (see Fig. 8) Consequently, it is advantageous to “loosely connect” two PV modules on two different mounting surfaces to one and the same terminal (400) and / or to fix them to one and the same crossbar (200).

[0095] The described module assembly method can be applied analogously to any modular design forms of the support device as disclosed.

[0096] Alternatively, in the second exemplary embodiment of the clamp (400) (see mounting surfaces (300'') and (300''') in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 and see Fig. 9 and Fig. 10) One clamp (400) should be provided for each crossbeam (200) and PV module (PVM). This can increase the safety of the clamping and reduce the risk of damage, especially with frameless PV modules.

[0097] The process steps and device features described above can be combined in any way. Reference symbol list 1 carrying device 100 posts PL Post longitudinal axis 200 crossbars 210 First modular system section 210' Second modular section QL crossbar longitudinal axis 300 mounting surface 400 clamp 410 First clamping section 410' Second clamping section KL clamping hole KLL clamping slot EA Threading section KA clamping section KFL clamp fixing hole KB clamping bolt KF clamping devices GP threaded plate Vij connector AO locking mechanism AN locking nose SLL side adjustment slot SFL side adjustment fixing hole SB side adjustment bolt SF side adjustment fixing device QVA transverse offset axis QLL transverse offset slotted hole QB transverse offset bolt QF transverse offset fixing device 1000 ground anchors 1100 ground posts B Floor BO floor surface PVM Photovoltaic (PV) Module QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] EP 3 683 960 A1 [0003, 0004, 0005, 0007, 0008, 0009] DE 20 2022 107 183 U1

[0010] DE 10 2021 119 760 A1

[0011] DE 20 2024 100 335 U1

[0012]

Claims

[1] Support device (1) for attaching at least one photovoltaic (PV) module (PVM), wherein the PV module (PVM) can preferably be attached in a substantially perpendicular position to a ground surface (BO) of a ground (B), comprising: - at least one first post (100) and one second post (100') for attachment to a ground fixing device (1000) fixed in the ground (B), wherein the post (100, 100') has a longitudinal axis (PL) which can be arranged substantially perpendicular to the ground surface (BO), - at least one first crossbar (200) and one second crossbar (200') for attachment to the first post (100) and to the second post (100'), wherein the crossbar (200, 200') has a longitudinal axis (QL) which can be arranged substantially parallel to the ground surface (BO), wherein a mounting surface (300) is spanned between the first post (100), the second post (100'), the first crossbar (200) and the second crossbar (200'), wherein the mounting surface (300) is preferably substantially rectangular, wherein the PV module (PVM) or several PV modules (PVM) can be arranged on the mounting surface (300), the support device (1) further comprises: - at least one first connector Vij (i=1, j=1) for connecting the first post (100) to the first crossbeam (200), a second connector Vij (i=2, j=1) for connecting the second post (100') to the first crossbeam (200), a third connector Vij (i=1, j=2) for connecting the first post (100) to the second crossbeam (200'), a fourth connector Vij (i=2, j=2) for connecting the second post (100') to the second crossbeam (200'), wherein the connector Vij is height-adjustable along the post's longitudinal axis (PL) and can be connected to the post (100,100') and / or the crossbeam (200,200') is laterally adjustable along the crossbeam's longitudinal axis (QL) and can be connected to the connector Vij and / or the crossbeam (200,200') along a transverse offset axis (QVA) obliquely to the transverse beam longitudinal axis (QL) can be connected with the connector Vij. [2] Support device (1) according to claim 1, wherein the support device (1) comprises: - at least one first clamp (400) for attaching the PV module (PVM) to the first crossbar (200) and a second clamp (400') for attaching the PV module (PVM) to the second crossbar (200'). [3] Support device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the post (100, 100') and / or the connector Vij, and / or the crossbar (200, 200'), and / or the ground fastening means (1000), in particular a ground post (1100) of the ground fastening means (1000), has the shape of a square profile and / or the shape of a C-profile. [4] Support device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the post (100, 100') or the connector Vij has several locking openings (AO) along the post longitudinal axis (PL), and wherein the other component of the component pair post (100, 100') and connector Vij comprises at least one locking lug (AN) wherein the locking lug (AN) is shaped complementary to the locking openings (AO) such that by inserting the locking lug (AN) into one of the locking openings (AO) the connector Vij can be connected to the post (100, 100') in a height-adjustable manner along the post longitudinal axis (PL). [5] Support device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the crossbar (200, 200') or the connector (Vij) has a lateral adjustment slot (SLL) arranged along the longitudinal axis (QL) of the crossbar, and wherein the other component of the component pair, crossbar (200, 200') and connector Vij, comprises a lateral adjustment fixing hole (SFL), wherein the crossbar (200, 200') can be arranged on the connector Vij such that the lateral adjustment hole (SLL) can be arranged overlapping with the lateral adjustment fixing hole (SFL). [6] Support device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a side adjustment bolt (SB), in particular a screw, can be inserted through the side adjustment slot (SLL) and the side adjustment fixing hole (SFL). [7] Support device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the lateral adjustment bolt (SB) is fixable, in particular fixable with a lateral adjustment fixing means (SF), in particular with a nut or a threaded plate. [8] Support device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the crossbar (200, 200') or the connector (Vij) has a transverse offset slot (QLL) arranged along the transverse offset axis (QVA), wherein the crossbar (200, 200') can be arranged on the connector Vij such that the lateral adjustment slot (SLL) can be arranged overlapping with the transverse offset slot (QLL). [9] Support device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the lateral adjustment slot (SLL) and the A transverse offset slot (QLL) allows the insertion of a transverse offset bolt (QB), in particular a screw. [10] Support device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the transverse offset bolt (QB) is fixable, in particular fixable with a transverse offset fixing means (QF), in particular with a nut or a threaded plate. [11] Support device (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the support device (1) comprises: - at least one third crossbar (200'') for attachment to the first post (100) and to the second post (100'), wherein the crossbar (200'') has a longitudinal axis (QL) which can be arranged substantially parallel to the ground surface (BO), wherein a second mounting surface (300') is spanned between the first post (100), the second post (100'), the second crossbar (200') and the third crossbar (200''), wherein the second mounting surface (300') is preferably substantially rectangular, wherein a further PV module (PVM') or several further PV modules (PVM') can be arranged on the second mounting surface (300'), wherein the support device (1) further comprises: at least one fifth connector Vij (i=1, j=3) to connect the first post (100) to the third crossbar (200''), and one sixth connector Vij (i=2, j=3) to connect the second post (100') to the third crossbar (200''). [12] Support device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first and second clamps (400, 400') and the first and second crossbars (200, 200') are configured such that the first clamp (400) can be loosely connected to the first crossbar (200), in particular loosely attached to the first crossbar (200), such that the clamp (400) cannot fall off the crossbar (200) due to gravity, and that a PV module (PVM) can be inserted between the first clamp (400) and the first crossbar (200) and then attached to the second crossbar (200'), and that the second clamp (400') can be loosely connected to the second crossbar (200'), in particular loosely attached to the second crossbar (200'), and that the first and second clamps (400, 400') are then attached to the associated first and second crossbar (200, 200') can be fixed, whereby the PV module (PVM) is then positioned between the first and / or second terminal (400,400') and the associated first and second crossbars (200, 200') can be clamped and / or the PV module (PVM) can be clamped between a first and a second component of the first and / or second terminal (400, 400'). [13] Support device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the clamp (400, 400', 400'') has the form of a C-profile, in particular for positive locking on the crossbar (200, 200', 200''). [14] Support device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the crossbar (200, 200', 200') or the clamp (400, 400', 400'') has a clamping hole (KL), in particular a clamping elongated hole (KLL) arranged along the longitudinal axis (QL) of the crossbar, and wherein the other component of the component pair crossbar (200, 200', 200'') and clamp (400, 400', 400'') comprises a clamping fixing hole (KFL), wherein the clamp (400, 400', 400'') can be arranged on the crossbar (200, 200', 200'') such that the clamping hole, in particular the clamping elongated hole (KLL), can be arranged overlapping with the clamping fixing hole (KFL). [15] Support device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a clamping bolt (KB), in particular a screw, can be inserted through the clamping hole (KL), in particular the clamping slot (KLL), and the clamping fixing hole (KFL). [16] Support device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the clamping bolt (KB) is fixable, in particular fixable with a clamping fixing means (KF), in particular with a nut or with a threaded plate (GP). [17] Support device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the clamp (400,400',400'') can be fixed to the crossbar (200, 200', 200'') by fixing the clamping bolt (KB), in particular by fixing the clamping fixing means (KF) to the clamping bolt (KB), in particular by screwing the threaded plate (GP) to the screw (KB). [18] Support device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the clamping slot (KLL) comprises a threading area (EA), wherein the threading area (EA) comprises an area larger than a cross-sectional area of ​​the clamping fixing means (KF), so that the clamping fixing means (KF) can be inserted through the threading area (EA). [19] Support device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the clamping slot (KLL) comprises a clamping section (KA) adjacent to the threading section (EA), wherein the clamping section (KA) has a width that is narrower than a minimum width of the cross-sectional area of ​​the clamping fixing means (KF), so that the clamping fixing means (KF) is not removable from the clamping slot (KLL) within the clamping section (KA), so that the clamp (400, 400', 400'') can be loosely connected to the crossbar (200, 200', 200''). [20] Support device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the clamping fixing means (KF) can be inserted through the threading section (EA) and is displaceable to the clamping section (KA), wherein the clamp (400,400',400'') can be fixed to the crossbar (200, 200', 200'') by fixing the clamping bolt (KB), in particular by fixing the clamping fixing means (KF) to the clamping bolt (KB), in particular by screwing the threaded plate (GP) to the screw (KB). [21] Support device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the clamp (400,400',400'') comprises at least one first clamping section (410) for clamping the PV module (PVM), in particular between the clamp (400,400',400'') and the crossbar (200,200',200''). [22] Support device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the clamp (400,400',400'') comprises at least a second clamping section (410') for clamping the further PV module (PVM'), in particular between the clamp (400,400',400'') and the crossbar (200,200',200''). [23] Support device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the crossbar (200, 200', 200'') comprises at least one first module assembly section (210) for attaching the PV module (PVM). [24] Support device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the crossbar (200, 200', 200'') comprises at least a second module assembly section (210') for attaching a further PV module (PVM'). [25] Support device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the PV module (PVM, PVM') can be clamped between the module assembly section (210, 210') and the clamping section (410, 410'). [26] Support device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the clamp (400,400',400'') comprises a second clamping section (410') for clamping the PV module (PVM'), in particular between the first clamping section (410) and the second clamping section (410'). [27] Support device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the support device (1) comprises: - at least one third post (100'') for attachment to the ground fixing device (1000) fixed in the ground (B), wherein the post (100'') has a longitudinal axis (PL) which can be arranged substantially perpendicular to the ground surface (BO); - at least a fourth crossbar (200''') and a fifth crossbar (200'''') for attachment to the second post (100') and to the third post (100''), wherein the crossbar (200''', 200'''') has a longitudinal axis (QL) which can be arranged substantially parallel to the ground surface (BO), wherein a third mounting surface (300'') is spanned between the second post (100'), the third post (100''), the fourth crossbar (200'''') and the fifth crossbar (200''''), wherein the mounting surface (300) is preferably substantially rectangular, where another PV module (PVM'') or several more PV modules (PVM'') can be arranged on the third mounting surface (300''). [28] Support device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the post (100, 100', 100'') has one or more locking openings (AO) according to one of the preceding claims and / or one or more locking lugs (AN) according to one of the preceding claims on a first side and on a second side, wherein the first side and the second side are preferably arranged opposite each other, wherein the post (100, 100', 100'') is connectable on the first side to a first connector Vij according to one of the preceding claims, and wherein the post (100, 100', 100'') is connectable on the second side to a second connector Vij according to one of the preceding claims. [29] Support device (1) for attaching at least one photovoltaic (PV) module (PVM), wherein the PV module (PVM) is preferably attachable in a substantially perpendicular position to a ground surface (BO) of a ground (B), comprising: - at least one first post (100) and one second post (100') for attachment to a ground fixing device (1000) fixed in the ground (B), wherein the post (100, 100') has a longitudinal axis (PL) which can be arranged substantially perpendicular to the ground surface (BO), - at least one first crossbar (200) and one second crossbar (200') for attachment to the first post (100) and to the second post (100'), wherein the crossbar (200, 200') has a longitudinal axis (QL) which can be arranged substantially parallel to the ground surface (BO), wherein a mounting surface (300) is spanned between the first post (100), the second post (100'), the first crossbar (200) and the second crossbar (200'), wherein the mounting surface (300) is preferably substantially rectangular, wherein the PV module (PVM) or several PV modules (PVM) can be arranged on the mounting surface (300), the support device (1) further comprises: - at least one first connector Vij (i=1, j=1) for connecting the first post (100) to the first crossbar (200), a second connector Vij (i=2, j=1) for connecting the second post (100') to the first crossbar (200), a third connector Vij (i=1, j=2) for connecting the first post (100) to the second crossbar (200'), a fourth connector Vij (i=2, j=2) for connecting the second post (100') to the second crossbar (200'), wherein the support device (1) has at least one first clamp (400) for attaching the PV module (PVM) to the first crossbar (200) and a second clamp (400') for attaching the PV module (PVM) to the second crossbar (200') and wherein the clamp (400, 400', 400'') has the shape of a C-profile, in particular for positive locking on the crossbar (200, 200', 200''). [30] Support device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first and second clamps (400, 400') and the first and second crossbars (200, 200') are configured such that the first clamp (400) can be loosely connected to the first crossbar (200), in particular loosely attached to the first crossbar (200), such that the clamp (400) cannot fall off the crossbar (200) due to gravity, and that a PV module (PVM) can be inserted between the first clamp (400) and the first crossbar (200) and then attached to the second crossbar (200'), and that the second clamp (400') can be loosely connected to the second crossbar (200'), in particular loosely attached to the second crossbar (200'), and that the first and second clamps (400, 400') are then attached to the associated first and second crossbar (200, 200') can be fixed, whereby the PV module (PVM) is then positioned between the first and / or second terminal (400,400') and the associated first and second crossbars (200, 200') can be clamped and / or the PV module (PVM) can be clamped between a first and a second component of the first and / or second terminal (400, 400'). [31] Support device (1) according to claim 29 or 30, wherein the connector Vij is height-adjustable and connectable to the post (100,100') along the longitudinal axis (PL). [32] Support device (1) according to claim 29, 30 or 31, wherein the crossbar (200,200') is laterally adjustable and connectable to the connector Vij along the longitudinal axis (QL) of the crossbar. [33] Support device (1) according to any one of claims 29 to 32, wherein the post (100, 100') and / or the connector Vij, and / or the crossbar (200, 200'), and / or the ground fastening means (1000), in particular a ground post (1100) of the ground fastening means (1000), has the shape of a square profile and / or the shape of a C-profile. [34] Support device (1) according to one of claims 29 to 33, wherein the post (100, 100') or the connector Vij has several locking openings (AO) along the longitudinal axis (PL) of the post, and wherein the other component of the component pair post (100, 100') and connector Vij comprises at least one locking lug (AN), wherein the locking lug (AN) is shaped complementary to the locking openings (AO) so that by inserting the locking lug (AN) into one of the locking openings (AO) the connector Vij can be connected to the post (100, 100') in a height-adjustable manner along the longitudinal axis (PL). [35] Support device (1) according to one of claims 29 to 34, wherein the crossbar (200, 200') or the connector (Vij) has a lateral adjustment slot (SLL) arranged along the longitudinal axis (QL) of the crossbar, and wherein the other component of the component pair, crossbar (200, 200') and connector Vij, comprises a lateral adjustment fixing hole (SFL), wherein the crossbar (200, 200') can be arranged on the connector Vij such that the lateral adjustment slot (SLL) can be arranged overlapping with the lateral adjustment fixing hole (SFL). [36] Support device (1) according to one of claims 29 to 35, wherein a side adjustment bolt (SB), in particular a screw, can be inserted through the side adjustment slot (SLL) and the side adjustment fixing hole (SFL). [37] Support device (1) according to one of claims 29 to 36, wherein the lateral adjustment bolt (SB) is fixable, in particular fixable with a lateral adjustment fixing means (SF), in particular with a nut or a threaded plate. [38] Support device (1) according to one of claims 29 to 37, wherein the crossbar (200,200') is adjustable and connectable to the connector Vij along a transverse offset axis (QVA) obliquely to the longitudinal axis (QL) of the crossbar. [39] Support device (1) according to one of claims 29 to 38, wherein the crossbar (200, 200') or the connector (Vij) has a transverse offset slot (QLL) arranged along the transverse offset axis (QVA), wherein the crossbar (200, 200') can be arranged on the connector Vij such that the lateral adjustment slot (SLL) can be arranged overlapping with the transverse offset slot (QLL). [40] Support device (1) according to one of claims 29 to 39, wherein a transverse offset bolt (QB), in particular a screw, can be inserted through the lateral adjustment slot (SLL) and the transverse offset slot (QLL). [41] Support device (1) according to one of claims 28 to 40, wherein the transverse offset bolt (QB) is fixable, in particular fixable with a transverse offset fixing means (QF), in particular with a nut or a threaded plate. [42] Support device (1) according to any one of claims 28 to 41, wherein the support device (1) comprises: - at least one third crossbar (200'') for attachment to the first post (100) and to the second post (100'), wherein the crossbar (200'') has a longitudinal axis (QL) which can be arranged substantially parallel to the ground surface (BO), wherein a second mounting surface (300') is spanned between the first post (100), the second post (100'), the second crossbar (200') and the third crossbar (200''), wherein the second mounting surface (300') is preferably substantially rectangular, wherein a further PV module (PVM') or several further PV modules (PVM') can be arranged on the second mounting surface (300'), the support device (1) further comprises: at least one fifth connector Vij (i=1, j=3) to connect the first post (100) to the third crossbar (200''), and one sixth connector Vij (i=2, j=3) to connect the second post (100') to the third crossbar (200''). [43] Support device (1) according to one of claims 28 to 42, wherein the crossbar (200, 200', 200') or the clamp (400, 400', 400'') has a clamping hole (KL), in particular a clamping elongated hole (KLL) arranged along the longitudinal axis (QL) of the crossbar, and wherein the other component of the component pair crossbar (200, 200', 200'') and clamp (400, 400', 400'') comprises a clamping fixing hole (KFL), wherein the clamp (400, 400', 400'') can be arranged on the crossbar (200, 200', 200'') such that the clamping hole, in particular the clamping elongated hole (KLL), can be arranged overlapping with the clamping fixing hole (KFL). [44] Support device (1) according to one of claims 28 to 43, wherein a clamping bolt (KB), in particular a screw, can be inserted through the clamping hole (KL), in particular the clamping slot (KLL), and the clamping fixing hole (KFL). [45] Support device (1) according to one of claims 28 to 44, wherein the clamping bolt (KB) is fixable, in particular fixable with a clamping fixing means (KF), in particular with a nut or with a threaded plate (GP). [46] Support device (1) according to one of claims 28 to 45, wherein the clamp (400,400',400'') can be fixed to the crossbar (200, 200', 200'') by fixing the clamping bolt (KB), in particular by fixing the clamping fixing means (KF) to the clamping bolt (KB), in particular by screwing the threaded plate (GP) to the screw (KB). [47] Support device (1) according to one of claims 28 to 46, wherein the clamping slot (KLL) comprises a threading area (EA), wherein the threading area (EA) comprises an area larger than a cross-sectional area of ​​the clamping fixing means (KF), so that the clamping fixing means (KF) can be inserted through the threading area (EA). [48] ​​Support device (1) according to any one of claims 28 to 47, wherein the clamping slot (KLL) comprises a clamping section (KA) adjacent to the threading section (EA), wherein the clamping section (KA) has a width which is narrower than a minimum width of the cross-sectional area of ​​the clamping fixing means (KF), so that the clamping fixing means (KF) is not removable from the clamping slot (KLL) within the clamping section (KA), so that the clamp (400, 400', 400'') can be loosely connected to the crossbar (200, 200', 200''). [49] Support device (1) according to one of claims 28 to 48, wherein the clamping fixing means (KF) can be inserted through the threading section (EA) and moved to the clamping section (KA), wherein the clamp (400,400',400'') can be fixed to the crossbar (200, 200', 200'') by fixing the clamping bolt (KB), in particular by fixing the clamping fixing means (KF) to the clamping bolt (KB), in particular by screwing the threaded plate (GP) to the screw (KB). [50] Support device (1) according to one of claims 28 to 49, wherein the clamp (400,400',400'') comprises at least one first clamping section (410) for clamping the PV module (PVM), in particular between the clamp (400,400',400'') and the crossbar (200,200',200''). [51] Support device (1) according to one of claims 28 to 50, wherein the clamp (400,400',400'') comprises at least a second clamping section (410') for clamping the further PV module (PVM'), in particular between the clamp (400,400',400'') and the crossbar (200,200',200''). [52] Support device (1) according to one of claims 28 to 51, wherein the crossbar (200, 200', 200'') comprises at least one first module assembly section (210) for attaching the PV module (PVM). [53] Support device (1) according to one of claims 28 to 52, wherein the crossbar (200, 200', 200'') comprises at least a second module assembly section (210') for attaching a further PV module (PVM'). [54] Support device (1) according to one of claims 28 to 53, wherein the PV module (PVM, PVM') can be clamped between the module assembly section (210, 210') and the clamping section (410, 410'). [55] Support device (1) according to any one of claims 28 to 54, wherein the clamp (400,400',400'') comprises a second clamping section (410') for clamping the PV module (PVM'), in particular between the first clamping section (410) and the second clamping section (410'). [56] Support device (1) according to any one of claims 28 to 55, wherein the support device (1) comprises: - at least one third post (100'') for attachment to the ground fixing device (1000) fixed in the ground (B), wherein the post (100'') has a longitudinal axis (PL) which can be arranged substantially perpendicular to the ground surface (BO); - at least a fourth crossbar (200''') and a fifth crossbar (200'''') for attachment to the second post (100') and to the third post (100''), wherein the crossbar (200''', 200'''') has a longitudinal axis (QL) which can be arranged substantially parallel to the ground surface (BO), wherein a third mounting surface (300'') is spanned between the second post (100'), the third post (100''), the fourth crossbar (200'''') and the fifth crossbar (200''''), wherein the mounting surface (300) is preferably substantially rectangular, where another PV module (PVM'') or several more PV modules (PVM'') can be arranged on the third mounting surface (300''). [57] Support device according to any one of claims 28 to 56, wherein the post (100, 100', 100'') has one or more locking openings (AO) according to any one of the preceding claims and / or one or more locking lugs (AN) according to any one of the preceding claims on a first side and on a second side, wherein the first side and the second side are preferably arranged opposite each other, wherein the post (100, 100', 100'') is connectable on the first side to a first connector Vij according to any one of the preceding claims, and wherein the post (100, 100', 100'') is connectable on the second side to a second connector Vij according to any one of the preceding claims.

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