Highly insulated building elements for temporary use in modular construction

Abstract

Wall, floor and ceiling elements and their connectors for the production of a highly thermally insulated building envelope are designed in such a way that, when assembled modularly, they form a closed building structure that can be assembled and disassembled without damage.

Description

[0001] Container buildings are now state-of-the-art for providing temporary accommodation. The advantages of short-term availability and simple assembly are offset by poor thermal and acoustic insulation, as well as inflexible interior layouts.

[0002] The elements presented here allow for the construction of temporary buildings with high thermal insulation, which can then be dismantled without damage. Individual room modules can be transported and erected as complete "containers." The arrangement of the interior walls is largely flexible. The requirements for sound insulation and fire protection are met.

[0003] The insulation of the wall, floor and ceiling elements can be carried out using the method described in the German Patent Application No. DE10 2020 107 069 A1 of the German Patent and Trademark Office.

[0004] The length ratios are chosen so that one long exterior wall replaces two short walls. The floor elements include positioning aids and can be placed on screw or point foundations. All elements are joined together with screw connections to form a stable structure. All connections can be disassembled and reconnected multiple times without damage. The individual elements can be freely combined. Multi-story buildings can be assembled within the framework of building regulations.

[0005] The kit consists of: - Floor element (17, Fig. 1 and Fig. 5), consisting of a wooden frame (1) with a foam core (1b), a support plate (2) as a floor, a protective plate (3) as a bottom finish with the holes (4) for receiving the screw connection and the threaded sleeve (6) as well as the cup hole for the floor-floor connection (5). - Exterior wall long (18) ( Fig. 2 and Fig. 5), optionally with window and / or door elements, consisting of a timber frame construction with posts (7), sill (9) and top plate (10). The compartments are insulated with PUR foam (8), which has a recess (8a) for access to the connectors. A recess (7b) is already provided in the posts at the installation level for installations. The walls are clad externally with a protective layer (11) and internally with a layer (12), e.g., OSB panels. Holes (13) for the connectors are drilled in the outer posts, the sills, and the top plate. - Outer wall short (19, Fig. 5), optionally with window and / or door elements with the same structure as the exterior wall. - Connecting post (14) for outer wall ( Fig. 3 and Fig. 5) The connecting posts (14) are equipped with the appropriate recess for the installations (7a), the bores (13) for the wall connection, which are fitted with a threaded sleeve (6, see Fig. 1, section AA). The cup holes already contain the connecting webs (5a) for the wall-to-wall connection. - Support posts inside (20, Fig. 4) The support post serves to bear the load of the roof inside, unless this is ensured by interior walls. The post has a drilled plate (16) for fastening to the ceiling and floor. - Ceilings (21, Fig. 5): The construction of the ceiling is identical to the floors, with the exception that the support plate (2) facing the room is adapted to the optical and technical requirements and the gap for a seal between the elements is omitted.

[0006] One possible combination with 4 floor elements is in Fig. 5 shown.

[0007] The wall, floor, and ceiling elements are manufactured within an insulated frame construction. The frame can be made of wood. Ideally, insulation is achieved using the PUR foam core method patented by PMFHousing GmbH. This allows for highly insulated, stable, and lightweight wall constructions. Other wall constructions are possible or can be integrated.

[0008] The following joining techniques are used to connect the elements: - Soil - Soil (see Fig. 6) Several floor elements can be placed side by side on foundations. A defined, small gap should be maintained between the elements. A flexible seal (22) is inserted into this gap to protect against moisture and pests. The floor elements are connected and the seal is tightened by means of screw connections (23) accessible from above, consisting of a crescent-shaped washer, threaded rod, and two nuts. - Floor-Exterior wall (see Fig. 7) Threaded sleeves (6) for wood-to-metal connections are inserted into the floor at a defined grid. The walls are drilled at the same grid. Before wall mounting, threaded rods (24) cut to length are screwed into the threaded sleeves. A recess in the foam core allows for a secure connection using a washer-nut combination (25). - Exterior wall - Exterior wall (see Fig. 3) Specially designed connecting posts are used for the wall-to-wall connection. Holes with the same symmetrical grid spacing are provided in both the respective walls and the connecting posts, allowing the connecting posts to be screwed to the threaded sleeves embedded in the walls using metric screws. For a corner connection, the blind holes in the connecting posts are drilled at a corner ( Fig. 3). For a linear connection, the same connection is used as between two floor elements ( Fig. 5). - Exterior wall - ceiling: The wall-ceiling connection is made analogously to the wall-floor connection. Before the ceiling is installed, threaded rods are screwed into the threaded sleeves embedded in the frame, allowing the roof to be securely bolted to the walls from above. If another story is added, the sill of the upper story is integrated into the structure. - Load-bearing interior wall: Load-bearing interior walls are screwed to the wall and ceiling using the same method. If a load-bearing interior wall is not desired, the supporting structure can be replaced by a suitable post or column made of steel.

[0009] In order to be able to transport the connected elements as well, steel plates with threaded inserts (27, Fig.1. Section B - B) is assembled. Threaded rods can be screwed into suitable recesses in the connecting posts and the ceilings. A support frame with eyelets for lifting it onto a crane can be attached to these threaded rods. QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] DE 10 2020 107 069 A1

[0003]

Claims

[1] Wall, floor and ceiling elements and their connectors for the production of a highly thermally insulated building envelope are designed in such a way that they can be assembled modularly to form a closed building structure which can be assembled and disassembled without damage. [2] The aspect ratios of the floor and ceiling are designed such that the length of the short and long wall elements together with the connectors is always an integer multiple of the length of the floor elements. [3] The construction of the modular outer shell allows for a largely free design of the interior spaces. [4] Wall, floor and ceiling elements are designed in such a way that they can also be lifted and loaded as an assembled module using a transport aid. [5] Lifting is carried out by means of a threaded rod that can be inserted through the construction.

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