Joint adapter for a modular support system

Abstract

Joint adapter (7) for connecting a construction support to a substrate or a base element at variable angles, comprising an upper connecting plate (3, 14) for attachment to the base plate of a construction support and a lower base plate (1, 16) for support, characterized in that a multi-axis joint (2, 15) is arranged between the upper connecting plate (3, 14) and the lower base plate (1, 16), which allows a relative inclination of the plates to each other in at least two axes in order to ensure full surface contact of the base plate (1, 16) on the substrate when the construction support (8) is inclined.

Description

Technical field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of temporary, mobile, and modular load-bearing support structures. In particular, it relates to devices assembled from standardized, commercially available components such as construction or formwork props (hereinafter referred to as construction props (8)) in accordance with standards such as EN 1065. The invention specifically relates to accessory components that serve to extend the functionality and operational reliability of such systems, for example, when they are configured as tripods, bipods, A-frames, or mast cranes. The technical application area includes uses in construction, industrial maintenance, and rescue services such as fire departments and the Federal Agency for Technical Relief (THW). Here, a high load-bearing capacity of up to 3.3 tons, stability on uneven or spatially confined ground, and rapid and flexible deployment are crucial requirements, especially for technical assistance, high-angle rescue, and disaster relief. State of the art

[0002] The closest state of the art is the so-called "Bautri system." This system essentially consists of a central head plate and three identical, wedge-shaped base elements (9). These components make it possible to connect three commercially available construction props (8) according to EN 1065 to form a high-load-bearing tripod. Characteristic of this system are the angled connections rigidly arranged on the head plate, which impose a fixed splay of approximately 15° to 25° to the vertical on the props (8). The wedge-shaped base elements (9) are structurally precisely matched to this angle in order to compensate for the inclination of the props (8) and to ensure a flat, full-surface contact of the base plates (16) on a level surface.

[0003] This state of the art gives rise to a technical problem that arises in practice, particularly when used as a two-legged structure (A-frame or mast crane). For such a setup, only two supports (8) are attached to the top plate, and the structure must be guyed for stabilization. In many application scenarios, such as at trench edges, in narrow shafts, or in rough terrain, the A-frame is lowered at an acute angle to the ground, which deviates significantly from the intended splay. Due to this steep inclination of the supports (8), the rigid, wedge-shaped base elements (9) lose their full-surface contact with the ground and rest only on an edge. This leads to a drastic reduction in friction and stability.Particularly under tensile and lateral forces, such as those typical when lifting loads with a mast crane, there is an acute risk of the feet slipping and the entire structure subsequently collapsing.

[0004] In the broader state of the art, highly specialized rescue systems such as the "Arizona Vortex" or the "TerrAdaptor" exist, which have their own articulated feet (so-called "rocker feet") to adapt to uneven terrain. However, these systems are designed as closed, proprietary systems with specific, non-standardized supports and are associated with very high acquisition costs. Their articulated feet are not available as retrofittable individual components for standard construction props. The present invention is therefore not positioned in direct competition with these high-end systems. Rather, it closes a technological and economic gap by implementing a function (safe articulation) as a modular, cost-effective, and retrofittable adapter (7) that enhances the functionality of widely used and inexpensive standard components (EN 1065 construction props).Other articulated feet, such as those used in photographic technology, are not designed for the high loads in the ton range required here and therefore do not represent a relevant state of the art. Object of the invention

[0005] The invention is based on the objective of creating an adapter (7) that overcomes the described stability and safety deficiencies of modular support systems when used in non-standard configurations such as an A-frame or mast crane.

[0006] In particular, a robust, heavy-duty and easily retrofittable adapter device shall be provided which ensures that the lower end of a construction support (8) maintains continuous, full-surface contact with the substrate even under extreme tilt and under the influence of significant tensile, compressive and lateral forces.

[0007] A further task is to increase the operational reliability and versatility of the overall system by integrating anchoring options on different substrates and by providing anchor points for external guying. The fundamental modular and cost-effective nature of the basic system, which is based on standard construction props (8), should be maintained. Solution to the problem and description of the invention

[0008] The problem is solved by a joint adapter (7) with the features of the main claim. The general solution principle consists of an adapter (7) comprising an upper connecting plate (3, 14) for connection to the support (8), a lower base element (1, 16) for ground contact, and a multi-axis joint mechanism (2, 15) arranged between them. This mechanism decouples the angular position of the support (8) from the bearing surface of the base element (1, 16), thus enabling automatic adaptation to the ground. Example 1: Joint adapter with ball joint

[0009] A first embodiment of the invention, as envisioned in the original design, implements the joint mechanism as a ball joint (2). • Design: The adapter (7) consists of two steel plates (1, 3) whose shape can be adapted to the application. Preferably, they are square, for example with dimensions of 120×120 mm, but can also have other geometries such as round or rectangular. Both plates (1, 3) have a standardized hole pattern (5) of 80×80 mm for M12 screws (4). This hole pattern ensures compatibility with the anchor plates of construction supports (8) according to EN 1065 as well as with the components of the Bautri system. • Joint mechanism: A central ball joint (2) is integrated between the two plates (1, 3). This consists of a convex hemisphere (ball head) attached to one plate and a corresponding concave receptacle (cap) in the other plate. The geometry of the joint is designed to allow an inclination of approximately 15° to 30° in any spatial direction, while a mechanical stop or the shape prevents the connection from falling apart under load. • Application: In this version, the adapter (7) is primarily designed as an intermediate piece. The upper adapter plate (3) is screwed to the base plate of the support (8), while the lower adapter plate (1) is connected to a separate foot element, such as the wedge-shaped foot element (9) of the Bautri system. The ball joint (2) allows the foot element (9) to lie flat on the ground, even when the support (8) is at a steep incline. Example 2: Joint adapter with universal joint

[0010] A second, further developed and technically superior embodiment of the invention uses a universal joint or cardan joint instead of a ball joint. This design is more advantageous for the specific loads in an A-frame scenario. While an A-frame under load is primarily subjected to tensile forces along the connecting line of the feet and to leverage forces at the bearing surface, a universal joint distributes these forces selectively via two defined, mutually perpendicular, and structurally very robust pivot points (bolts). This gives the joint greater resistance to the forces occurring compared to the point or area load distribution in a ball joint. • Construction: This variant comprises an upper connection plate (14) with the known hole pattern (80×80 mm) for attachment to the base plate of a construction support (8) according to EN 1065 and a lower support designed as a robust base plate (16). The shape of the plates can vary (e.g., square, round, polygonal). A central universal joint (15) is arranged between these two plates and can be either welded or bolted. • Features of the base plate (16): The integrated base plate (16) is equipped with several additional functions that significantly expand the range of applications: • Anchoring: The base plate (16) is provided with through holes (5). These allow the adapter to be firmly anchored on yielding or uneven ground (e.g. soil, gravel) using ground nails, ground anchors or screws. • Slip resistance: The underside of the base plate (16) can be coated with a slip-resistant surface, for example made of rubber or an elastomer. Alternatively, a friction-enhancing structure (e.g., ribbing, pyramid pattern) can be embossed or welded directly onto the plate to prevent slipping on smooth, hard surfaces such as concrete, rock, or asphalt. • Integrated lashing points: The adapter body, preferably the robust base plate (16), has permanently integrated eyelets, tabs, or other lashing points. These are used to attach tensioning devices such as straps, ropes, or chains and allow for external bracing or tensioning of the

[0011] The support feet are interlocked, further increasing the stability of the A-frame. A key feature of this second version is its ability to function as an independent, universal articulated foot. Thanks to the integrated base plate (16) with its anchoring and anti-slip features, the use of a separate foot element (such as the Bautri wedge foot (9)) is no longer strictly necessary. The adapter can be inserted directly between the support post (8) and the ground. This transforms the invention from a mere accessory for a specific system into a universally applicable "articulated support foot," significantly expanding its range of applications. Example 3: Joint adapter with spherical sliding bearing

[0012] A third embodiment implements the joint mechanism using a spherical sliding bearing. These bearings are specifically designed for high loads, slow pivoting movements, and the compensation of misalignment, making them ideal for this application. • Design: The joint consists of an inner ring with a convex, spherical outer surface and an outer ring with a corresponding concave inner surface. These two rings are mounted between the upper mounting plate (14) and the lower base plate (16). The bearings are designed for high static and dynamic loads and can accommodate both radial and axial forces. • Advantages: Spherical plain bearings are extremely robust and insensitive to shocks and vibrations. They are often maintenance-free, for example through the use of self-lubricating sliding layers (e.g., made of PTFE composite material), which allows operation under harsh conditions without regular lubrication. Their ability to compensate for misalignment is a crucial advantage on uneven terrain. Example 4: Joint adapter with elastomer joint

[0013] A fourth design variant uses an elastomer joint, also known as a silent block or rubber-metal bearing. • Construction: In this variant, a block of a high-strength, resistant elastomer (e.g., EPDM, polyurethane) is firmly bonded between the upper (14) and lower plates (16), typically by vulcanization. The elastomer allows damped, multi-axial movement of the plates relative to each other. • Advantages: The main advantage of this solution lies in its excellent damping of shocks, oscillations, and vibrations. This is particularly beneficial under dynamic loads, such as those that occur when lifting or setting down loads abruptly, as it protects the overall structure. Furthermore, the joint is completely maintenance-free, silent, and extremely resistant to dirt, moisture, and chemicals. Materials and manufacturing

[0014] The components of the joint adapter (7) are designed for the highest stresses. Preferably, the plates (1, 3, 14, 16) and joint parts (2, 15) are made of high-strength structural steel, such as S355. To ensure lasting protection against corrosion even under harsh weather conditions, the steel parts are typically surface-treated by hot-dip galvanizing or a robust powder coating. For applications requiring special corrosion resistance, such as in the offshore sector, or for hygienic reasons, stainless steel is used as an alternative. Another design variant can be made of high-strength aluminum alloys to reduce the overall weight, which is particularly advantageous for mobile applications, for example, in mountain rescue. Connection methods of the joint mechanisms

[0015] The connection of the respective joint mechanism (ball, cross, sliding, or elastomer joint) to the upper connecting plate and the lower base plate can be achieved in various ways, adapted to the application and manufacturing process, to ensure a durable and force-fit connection. Possible methods include: • Welding: A permanent, inseparable and very robust connection in which the joint components are welded directly to the steel plates. • Screw fastening: A detachable connection that facilitates maintenance and replacement. Here, the joint components or their housings are attached to the plates using high-strength screws. • Plug and bolt connections: The joint is connected via precisely fitting bolts that are guided through holes in the plates and joint parts and fixed by means of cotter pins, nuts or other locking elements. • Press and clamp connections: Especially in the case of bearings, the joint can be pressed or clamped into a precisely fitting recess in the plates to create a friction-fit and form-fit connection. • Integral manufacturing: The joint or parts of it can be manufactured as an integral part of a plate, for example by casting or forging. Description of the drawings

[0016] For further explanation of the invention, reference is made to the accompanying drawings. They show: • Fig. 1: An isometric exploded view of the ball joint adapter, showing the lower anchor plate (1), the ball joint (2), the upper anchor plate (3), the screw bolts (4), the bores (5) and the screw connection (6). • Fig. 2: A side view of the adapter (7) in use between the support (8) and the wedge-shaped foot element (9). • Fig. 3: A schematic representation of an adapter with a universal joint, showing the upper connection plate (14), the universal joint (15) and the lower base plate (16). • Fig. 4: A perspective view of the adapter with cross joint in direct use on the ground, illustrating the use of ground anchors through the holes (5) of the base plate (16) for anchoring.

[0017] No separate drawings are included for the embodiments with spherical sliding bearing and elastomer joint, as their construction is based on commercially available bearing components whose structure is familiar to those skilled in the art.

Claims

[1] Joint adapter (7) for connecting a construction support to a substrate or a base element in an angle-variable manner, comprising an upper connection plate (3, 14) for attachment to the base plate of a construction support and a lower base plate (1, 16) for support, characterized by , that a multi-axis joint (2, 15) is arranged between the upper connecting plate (3, 14) and the lower base plate (1, 16), which allows a relative inclination of the plates to each other in at least two axes in order to ensure a full surface support of the base plate (1, 16) on the substrate when the support (8) is inclined. [2] Adapter according to claim 1, characterized by , that the upper connecting plate (3, 14) has a hole pattern (5), in particular an 80×80 mm hole pattern, which is congruent to the anchor plates of construction supports according to EN 1065. [3] Adapter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by, that the multi-axial joint is designed as a ball and socket joint (2) consisting of a ball head and a corresponding spherical cap. [4] Adapter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by , that the multi-axial joint is designed as a universal joint or cardan joint (15), which has a high resistance to tensile and lever forces. [5] Adapter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by , that the multi-axial joint is designed as a spherical sliding bearing, which is designed for high static and dynamic loads. [6] Adapter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by , that the multi-axial joint is designed as an elastomer joint, which dampens shocks and vibrations. [7] Adapter according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the base plate (16) is provided with at least one through hole (5) for receiving a ground anchor or ground nail. [8] Adapter according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the underside of the base plate (16) is provided with a non-slip coating or a friction-enhancing surface structure. [9] Adapter according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that at least one lashing point or eyelet for fastening tensioning devices is provided on the base plate (16) or the upper connection plate (14). [10] Adapter according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by that it serves as a direct connection between the base plate of a construction support and the ground. [11] Adapter according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by , that it serves as an intermediate piece for connecting the base plate of a building support and a separate foot element, in particular a wedge-shaped foot element. [12] Adapter according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the upper connecting plate (3, 14) and / or the lower base plate (1, 16) have a geometry other than a square shape, for example a round, rectangular or polygonal shape. [13] Adapter according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by that its components are made of steel, in particular hot-dip galvanized or powder-coated steel, stainless steel or a high-strength aluminum alloy.

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