Safety runner for insertion into a safety rail and building roof herewith

Abstract

Safety runner (1), in particular for insertion into a runner groove (101) of a safety rail (100), and in particular for personal safety on building roofs (300), with two plates (2, 3) arranged one above the other, each having a safety head (21, 31), wherein the safety heads (21, 31) are arranged opposite each other, characterized in that it has a spreading element (4), wherein the two plates (2, 3) and the spreading element (4) are connected to each other and the spreading element (4) is movably mounted relative to the two plates (2, 3) such that the safety heads (21, 31) are held further apart relative to the two plates (2, 3) in a locking position (S1) of the spreading element (4) than in a mounting position (S2) of the spreading element (4) relative to the plates (2, 3), wherein - the spreading element (4) is plate-shaped; and / or - the spreading element (4) has a main plate (42) which has at least one thickening (43, 44) on one or both sides at one of its ends, which are designed to increase the spreading action of the spreading element (4), wherein the spreading element (4) is mounted between the two plates (2, 3) and is positioned in the locking position (S1) between the locking heads (21, 31) of the two plates (2, 3), and wherein the spreading element (4) is positioned in the locking position (S1) with the thickenings (43, 44) between the locking heads (21, 31) of the two plates (2, 3); and / or - the two plates (2, 3) and the spreader element (4) each have a carabiner hole (22, 32, 41), wherein the carabiner holes (22, 32, 41) are aligned with each other in the belay position (S1), and wherein the carabiner holes (22, 32, 41) are not all aligned with each other in the mounting position (S2), and wherein the belay runner (1) is designed such that the spreader element (4) is blocked in the belay position (S1) when the carabiner (6) is attached in the aligned carabiner holes (22, 32, 41); and / or - the locking heads (21, 31) each have a bent tab (23, 33) which forms a U-shaped groove, wherein the locking heads (21, 31) each form a sliding surface (24, 34) for a pull-out protection, and wherein the sliding surface (24, 34) is each formed by the free end edge of the bent tab (23, 33); and / or - the two plates (2, 3) and the spreading element (4) are connected to each other via a pivot axis (5), and the spreading element (4) can be moved back and forth between the locking position (S1) and the mounting position (S2) by pivoting about the pivot axis (5).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a safety runner according to claim 1, a safety device with such a safety runner inserted in a safety rail according to claim 12, and a building roof herewith according to claim 19.

[0002] Safety runners are used to protect people from falls and move with them, for example, on or within a safety rail. Safety runners for vertical movement are usually combined with a brake, or the vertical path is divided into safety sections with stops. Safety runners for horizontal movement do not require such additional safety devices to limit the fall height, because a change in the position of the safety runner does not affect the fall height.

[0003] From WO 2019 / 166996 A1, a safety runner is known which comprises a first and a second plate that are linearly movable relative to each other along the intended pulling axis in the event of a fall. Both plates each have a safety head with an outwardly extending flange. Furthermore, the first plate has a spreading ramp near its safety head, formed by flared tabs. To insert the safety runner into a runner groove of a safety rail, the two plates are moved relative to each other so that their safety heads are offset. The second plate has slid down the spreading ramp so that the two plates lie parallel to each other.After the locking heads are inserted into the runner groove, the two plates are moved relative to each other in such a way that the second plate slides up the spreading ramp, thereby increasing the distance between the two locking heads. In this process, the locking heads engage behind an undercut in the runner groove and can no longer be pulled out of the groove.

[0004] A disadvantage of this design is that the belay runner can only be used overhead, as the position of the two belay heads relative to each other is only securely fixed when both plates are pulled downwards. The locking button proposed by WO 2019 / 166996 A1 for locking the sliding position is awkward to operate, offers only a minor additional safety measure compared to the carabiner, and can be accidentally released. Furthermore, the belay runner has quite high friction, so smooth movement is already compromised when mounted overhead. If the runner groove were to be oriented upwards, contrary to the WO 2019 / 166996 A1 design, the two plates would jam in the belay rail, unexpectedly hindering a person's movement, which is dangerous.Due to the relatively large distance between the carabiner hole and the runner groove, a long lever arm results, meaning that a forceful twisting or a fall over a ground-level safety rail can cause the safety runner to bend the rail, resulting in safety failure. Therefore, the safety runner is not suitable for flexibly configuring various personal fall protection systems on a building roof, especially not for ground-level safety rails.

[0005] Another belay device for overhead belaying is described in US 5,924,260. This device runs similarly to WO 2019 / 166996 A1 in a groove of a belay rail. The belay device has two plates, each with a belay head, which are inserted individually and spaced apart into the groove of a belay rail. The two plates are then slid side by side in the groove. The resulting adjacent belay heads are wide enough to secure both plates in the groove. Overlapping carabiner holes pass through both plates. Once a carabiner is attached to the carabiner holes, the two plates can no longer be moved relative to each other in the groove and are thus secured.

[0006] A disadvantage is the need for two-handed installation of the two plates, which leaves one person briefly unsecured. Furthermore, the plates can fall during installation. Additionally, there is considerable friction between the safety runner and the safety rail, which is uncomfortable for the secured person while moving. If the safety runner intended for overhead belaying were used in reverse orientation, contrary to the teaching of US 5,924,260, the plates would tilt forward in the runner groove and jam when pulled behind a secured person. This would unexpectedly impede the person's movement, which is dangerous. If, for example, carriage bolts are used to fix the safety rail, the safety runner would completely block them. Therefore, this safety runner is also unsuitable for flexibly creating different personal fall protection systems on a building roof.

[0007] The object of the invention is to provide a safety device that is particularly easy to operate, preferably with one hand, has a simple design, cannot be accidentally released, moves along the safety rail with minimal resistance, and is as flexible as possible with regard to overhead and ground-level installation. Particular attention should be paid to its flexible use in the design of personal fall protection systems on building roofs.

[0008] Features of the invention are specified in claim 1 and in claims 12 and 19. Embodiments are the subject of claims 2 to 11, 13 to 18 and 20, as well as the description. 1. The invention relates to a safety runner, in particular for insertion into a runner groove of a safety rail, and in particular for personal safety on building roofs, with two plates arranged one above the other, each having a safety head, wherein the safety heads are arranged opposite each other. It is provided that the safety runner has a spreading element, wherein the two plates and the spreading element are connected to each other (in particular in all application positions such as the secured position and the mounting position) and the spreading element is movably mounted relative to the two plates such that the safety heads are held further apart relative to the two plates in a secured position than in a mounting position of the spreading element relative to the plates. - the spreading element is plate-shaped; and / or - the spreading element has a main plate which has at least one thickening on one or both sides at one of its ends, designed to enhance the spreading action of the spreading element, wherein the spreading element is mounted between the two plates and positioned in the locking position between the locking heads of the two plates, and wherein the spreading element is positioned in the locking position with the thickenings between the locking heads of the two plates; and / or - the two plates and the spreader each have a carabiner hole, wherein the carabiner holes are aligned with each other in the belay position, and wherein the carabiner holes are not all aligned with each other in the mounting position, and wherein the belay runner is designed such that the spreader element is blocked in the belay position when a carabiner is attached in the aligned carabiner holes; and / or - the locking heads each have a bent tab forming a U-shaped groove, wherein the locking heads each form a sliding surface for a pull-out protection, and wherein the sliding surface is formed by the free end edge of the bent tab; and / or - the two plates and the spreading element are connected to each other via a pivot axis, and the spreading element can be moved back and forth between the locking position and the mounting position by pivoting around the pivot axis.

[0009] Advantageously, this design eliminates the need to move the locking heads relative to each other within the locking rail after insertion. The expansion is achieved through the relative movement of the expansion element. This allows the locking heads to fit the groove of the locking rail more precisely, reducing the risk of tilting and jamming, whether the locking rail is installed overhead, at an angle, or close to the ground. The connection between the plates and the expansion element allows for one-handed handling of the individual components, reducing the likelihood of loss. When switching between the locking position and the mounting position, the two plates should only expand relative to each other. Therefore, the two plates should not be moved or pivoted relative to each other within their plane during such a change.In contrast, the spreading movement can include bending, unfolding, and / or shifting in the direction of the plane normal of the plate plane. The safety runner is particularly suitable for geodetically horizontally oriented safety rails, where the safety rail can be installed, for example, on pitched roofs, such as above or below a solar array, on or next to maintenance walkways, or temporarily during roof construction, or also on flat roofs, such as close to the ground parallel to the roof edge (also as a replacement for individual anchor points (Sekuranten®)), or even on building ceilings.

[0010] According to an optional advanced training, the two plates are connected in such a way that the spreading element, in the locked position, holds the two plates unfolded in the area of ​​the locking heads. This unfolding action advantageously allows access deep beneath an undercut.

[0011] According to the option whereby the spreading element is stored between the two plates and positioned in the locking position between the locking heads of the two plates, a structurally simple design is achieved.

[0012] According to the embodiment according to the invention, in which the two plates and the spreading element are connected to each other via a pivot axis, and the spreading element can be moved back and forth between the locking position and the assembly position by pivoting about the pivot axis, a simple and clear sequence of movements results, which can also be performed with one hand.

[0013] The pivot axis can incorporate a length compensation mechanism that compensates for changing distances between the two plates and the spreading element when switching between the locking position and the mounting position of the spreading element. This ensures a particularly smooth and comfortable pivoting motion. The length compensation can be achieved by making the pivot axis longer than the combined thickness of the plates and the spreading element along the pivot axis. This allows the plates to shift and tilt slightly along the pivot axis without increasing clamping and / or frictional forces. Preferably, the length compensation mechanism includes at least one spring element located on or near the pivot axis, which pushes apart at least two components from the group consisting of plates and the spreading element. In this way, the spring element acts as an expanding spring that also pushes apart the locking heads.By compressing the locking heads, they can be inserted into the runner groove. Upon release, the spring element secures the locking heads in the rail. Simultaneously, the expanding element can then be easily moved between the plates for the actual locking action. Optionally, the spring element can be a coil spring on the pivot axis. This is easy to implement in the design. Preferably, a spring element, preferably a coil spring on the pivot axis, is located between the first plate and the expanding element, and another between the expanding element and the second plate.

[0014] Furthermore, each locking head should have a sliding surface for pull-out protection (especially from the runner groove). In the installed position, these sliding surfaces point away from the groove bottom and engage an undercut of the runner groove, along which they slide. Preferably, the sliding surface has a rounded edge or chamfer at each of its two longitudinal ends, and / or the sliding surface is preferably corrugated such that wave crests form adjacent sliding points. Both of these features reduce friction and prevent jamming. If both are implemented, the first and last wave crests can form the rounded edge. Optionally, however, the rounded edge or chamfer can also be higher than the wave crests.

[0015] At least one part of the two plates and the spreader element should have a carabiner hole. A person being secured can attach a carabiner to this hole. According to the embodiment of the invention, in which the two plates and the spreader element each have a carabiner hole, wherein the carabiner holes are aligned with each other in the belay position, and wherein the carabiner holes are not all aligned with each other in the mounting position, and wherein the belay runner is designed such that the spreader element is blocked in the belay position when a carabiner is attached in the aligned carabiner holes, it is achieved that as soon as a carabiner is attached, the spreader element can only move within the area of ​​the excess of the carabiner holes relative to the two plates, and the belay runner can no longer be pulled out of a runner groove in the transverse direction.

[0016] In a special design, the carabiner holes are positioned between the pivot axis and the sliding surfaces for the drawback protection when the carabiner is in the secured position. This places the carabiner close to the slider groove, minimizing leverage forces in the event of a fall and preventing the safety rail from bending. Simultaneously, the spreader element can be pivoted away from the slider rail around its pivot axis, which is positioned at a distance from the rail. In the spreader element's mounting position, the two plates can thus be brought tightly together at their locking heads to be inserted into the slider groove.

[0017] A simple, cost-effective, and stable design is achieved when each locking head has a bent tab that forms a U-shaped groove. This U-shaped groove allows the bent tab to engage in a groove formed by the runner rail in the undercut area. Such a positive fit allows for a higher load on the locking runner. Preferably, the sliding surface for the pull-out protection is formed by the free end edge of the bent tab.

[0018] The invention's embodiment, in which the spreading element is plate-shaped, is structurally simple and cost-effective. For the same reason, the two plates are preferably identical parts.

[0019] According to the embodiment of the invention, in which the spreading element comprises a main plate having at least one thickening on one or both sides at one of its ends, designed to enhance the spreading effect of the spreading element, a large spreading effect can be achieved with minimal material. The thickening can optionally be achieved by bending the main plate, for example, by embossing a corrugation. Preferably, the thickening is formed by mounted plates or by bending or folding over the main plate. This results in the thickened area being made of solid material that is incompressible even under high loads.

[0020] Preferably, the spreading element has insertion ramps, particularly for insertion between the plates. This facilitates handling when moving the spreading element from the mounting position to the locking position.

[0021] Furthermore, the locking heads and / or the expanding element can optionally be provided with a rounded edge or chamfer at their longitudinal ends, specifically designed to slide over the bottom of the runner groove. Depending on whether the locking heads and / or the expanding element come into contact with the bottom of the groove primarily due to the runner's movement or its mounting orientation, this component ensures the free movement of the locking runner along the bottom of the groove. The rounded edge or chamfer prevents jamming and allows, for example, carriage bolts on the bottom of the groove to pass over them without snagging.

[0022] Furthermore, it is advantageous to dimension the locking heads so that their longitudinal length is at least twice their transverse height. This elongated design of the locking heads reduces the tendency of the locking runner to tilt in the direction of movement.

[0023] The invention further relates to a locking device with a locking rail having a runner groove with a groove bottom and an undercut, wherein a locking runner, as described above and below, is inserted in the runner groove, and wherein the spreading element is in the locking position and holds the locking heads apart sufficiently to engage behind the undercut of the runner groove. The spreading element achieves a high level of safety without requiring the two plates to be movable relative to each other within the runner groove during installation. Accordingly, the locking heads can fill the cross-section of the runner groove well, thus minimizing tilting and allowing them to be easily moved (usually pulled, because the locking runner is pulled behind a person) through the runner groove without jamming. The locking rail is preferably geodetically horizontally oriented and can be used, for example, on pitched roofs, such as...They can be installed above or below a solar field, on or next to maintenance paths, or temporarily during roof construction in the area of ​​the ridge, or also on flat roofs, for example close to the ground parallel to the roof edge (also as a replacement for individual anchor points (Sekuranten®)), or also on building ceilings.

[0024] The safety rail can be a profile body, in particular a hollow profile, and especially one with a homogeneous wall thickness. This is simple and inexpensive to manufacture and achieves good breaking strength.

[0025] Optionally, the undercut of the runner groove is formed by two inwardly projecting rail collars with a longitudinal slot between them. This design is also simple and cost-effective to manufacture. Preferably, the rail collars are bent in a U-shape such that internal guide grooves are formed by the rail collars, into which a locking head engages, preferably with its sliding surface.

[0026] Furthermore, it can be provided that the two plates and the spreader element each have a carabiner hole, wherein the carabiner holes are aligned with each other in the safety position, and wherein a carabiner is hooked into the aligned carabiner holes and the spreader element is blocked in the safety position by the hooked carabiner.

[0027] Regarding the dimensions, the distance between the sliding surfaces for the pull-out protection on the one hand and the free ends of the locking heads on the other should be less than the groove depth of the runner groove and / or at least 2 / 3, preferably at least 3 / 4 of the groove depth. This largely prevents the locking runner from tilting in the runner groove and allows the locking runner to run freely.

[0028] Furthermore, the spread of the locking heads in the locked position should be smaller than the groove width of the runner groove and / or at least 3 / 4, preferably at least 4 / 5, of the groove width. A small range of movement in the transverse direction promotes reliable engagement of the undercut.

[0029] Stops for the safety runner should be provided or formed at the ends of the safety rails, in particular to prevent it from running out of the safety rail in the longitudinal direction.

[0030] Finally, the invention relates to a building roof with a roof membrane, with at least two mounting supports projecting beyond the roof membrane, and with a safety device as described above and below, wherein the safety rail of the safety device is (directly or indirectly) attached to the mounting supports. This provides a temporarily or permanently installed roof safety device for people that is easy to use, inexpensive, and less conspicuous than, for example, a railing.

[0031] The mounting support is preferably connected to a roof substructure (ceiling panels, battens, wooden beams, timber frame), and in particular, fixed directly to it. The mounting support can, for example, be a roof hook. A roof hook serves, in particular, to penetrate a roof membrane with roof tiles or slates and to establish a direct connection with a (timber) substructure. In some cases, roof hooks are also mounted on the roof covering, with only the connecting elements penetrating the roof membrane to establish a direct connection with a (timber) substructure, for example, in the case of metal roof membranes. Alternatively, the mounting support can also be a single anchor point (Sekurant®) on a flat roof, which is attached to the substructure and penetrates the flat roof membrane. An additional eyelet on the single anchor point may be omitted or included.

[0032] The safety rail is preferably geodetically aligned horizontally. Optionally, it can be installed, for example: a) on a pitched roof (roof slope over 20 degrees), for example above or below a solar array, on or next to maintenance paths or temporarily during roof construction in the area of ​​the ridge; or b) on a gently sloping roof (roof slope above 10 degrees and below 20 degrees), for example above or below a solar array, on or next to a maintenance walkway or temporarily during roof construction in the ridge area, or adjacent to a roof opening such as a skylight; or c) on a flat roof, for example parallel to the roof edge, on or next to a maintenance walkway or adjacent to a roof opening such as a skylight (also as a replacement for or between individual anchor points).

[0033] Furthermore, the safety rail is preferably aligned perpendicular to the roof slope of the roof waterproofing. Accordingly, the fall height into the safety device is independent of the position of the safety runner along the safety rail.

[0034] The safety rail is preferably aligned with the runner groove in the direction that points towards the anchor point of the secured person. From the anchor point, one can therefore see into the runner groove. This alignment facilitates the smooth pulling of the safety runner along the groove.

[0035] In one installation variant, the safety rail with the runner groove points diagonally or vertically downwards, specifically in such a way that gravity acts on the safety runner in a direction outwards from the runner groove. This allows for particularly good work below the safety rail, enabling movement across the roof surface, for example, without changing the rope length. To work at different heights, the rope length between the person and the safety runner can be adjusted.

[0036] According to a second installation option, the safety rail with the runner groove points diagonally or vertically upwards, specifically such that the force of gravity acts on the safety runner in the direction of the runner groove. This is particularly useful for installations close to the ground where the person being secured is working above the safety rail, for example, on a flat roof or along a maintenance walkway. Optionally, the safety rail can be arranged parallel to a maintenance walkway or attached to its structure, which can then also include the mounting supports. In this case, a railing along the maintenance walkway may be unnecessary.

[0037] It is also conceivable to install the safety rail with the runner groove facing sideways. This is, for example, a suitable orientation when installing the safety rail above a solar array if a person below the solar array needs to be secured.

[0038] Specifically, the safety rail can be attached to the mounting supports with carriage bolts (directly or indirectly), with the head of the carriage bolt sitting on the bottom of the groove. This flat carriage bolt head allows the safety roller to pass over it without getting stuck. At the same time, the safety rail is securely fixed and does not deform due to the fastening.

[0039] Further features, details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the wording of the claims and from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings. The drawings show: Fig. 1. A perspective view of a safety runner; Fig. 2a-e a sequence of perspective views on how the safety runner after Fig. 1 is inserted into a safety rail, thus forming a safety device; Fig. 3 a cross-sectional view of the according to Fig. 2d safety runner inserted into the safety rail; Fig. 4. a first roof structure (pitched roof with roof hooks) with the securing device according to Fig. 2e; and Fig. 5 a second roof structure (pitched roof with maintenance access) with the safety device according to Fig. 2e.

[0040] Fig. Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a safety runner 1, which is designed for insertion into a runner slot (see reference numeral [Bz.] 101 in Fig. 3) a safety rail (see item 100 in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3) is trained to provide personal safety on a building roof (see para. 300 in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5) to form. The locking runner 1 has two plates 2, 3 arranged one above the other and a spreading element 4 positioned between them. Each of the two plates 2, 3 forms a locking head 21, 31 by means of a bent tab 23, 33, whereby the plates 2, 3 each form a U-shaped groove in the area of ​​the tabs 23, 33. The tabs 23, 33 of the plates 2, 3 are each positioned on the outside and the locking heads 21, 31 formed by the tabs 23, 33 are arranged opposite each other.

[0041] The locking heads 21, 31, in particular the free end edge of the bent tabs 23, 33, each form a sliding surface 24, 34 for pull-out protection. These sliding surfaces 24, 34 thus serve to engage behind an undercut (see Fig. 103 in Fig. 3) a safety rail (see item 100 in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3) and prevent them from being pulled out of the runner groove (see para. 101 in Fig. 3) the safety rail (see item 100 in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3) The sliding surfaces 24, 34 each have a rounding 25, 26 at their two longitudinal ends and are each wavy in such a way that wave crests form adjacent sliding points 27, from which the sliding surfaces 24, 34 are composed.

[0042] Plates 2 and 3 are made of metal. Furthermore, each plate 2 and 3 is manufactured from a single sheet of metal, specifically through cutting and bending. The two plates 2 and 3 are also identical.

[0043] The spreading element 4 is also plate-shaped. In particular, the spreading element 4 has a main plate 42, which has a thickening 43, 44 on each side at one of its ends. These thickenings are designed to increase the spreading effect of the spreading element 4. The thickenings 43, 44 are each formed by a plate mounted on the main plate 42. Optionally, the spreading element 4 can have insertion ramps, especially in the area of ​​the thickenings 43, 44, to facilitate its movement between the plates 2, 3. Both the locking heads 21, 31 and the spreading element 4 have a rounded end 28, 29, 45, 46 at their longitudinal ends, designed to engage a groove bottom without jamming (see Fig. 102 in [reference missing]). Fig. 3) the runner groove (see Bz.101 in Fig. 3) to glide.

[0044] The spreading element 4 is mounted between the two plates 2, 3, wherein the two plates 2, 3 and the spreading element 4 are connected to each other, namely via a pivot axis 5, so that the spreading element 4 can be pivoted about this pivot axis 5 between the locking position (see Bz. S1 in Fig. 2d, Fig. 2e, Fig. 3) and is movable back and forth in the assembly position S2. This allows the spreading element 4 to be mounted so that it is movable relative to the two plates 2, 3, that the locking heads 21, 31 are in a locking position (see illustration S1 in Fig. 2d, Fig. 2e, Fig. 3) the spreading element 4 is held further apart relative to the two plates 2, 3 than in a mounting position S2 of the spreading element 4 relative to the plates 2, 3, which are in Fig. 1 is shown. The two plates 2, 3 must be in the correct position when switching between the safety position (see Bz. S1 in ). Fig. 2d, Fig. 2e, Fig. 3) and in the mounting position S2 relative to each other, only a spreading movement is performed, even if no rotation lock is provided between the two plates 2, 3. In the locking position (see section S1 in Fig. 2d, Fig. 2e, Fig. 3) The spreading element 4 with the thickenings 43, 44 is positioned between the locking heads 21, 31 of the two plates 2, 3. In this way, the spreading element 4 holds the two plates 2, 3 unfolded in the area of ​​the locking heads 21, 31 in the locking position S1.

[0045] How to find out, especially in Fig. As can be seen in Figure 3, the axis of rotation 5 has a length compensation that results in a changing distance between the two plates 2, 3 and the spreading element 4 when switching between the locking position S1 (see Figure 3). Fig. 3) and the assembly position S2 (see Fig. 1) of the spreading element 4. For this purpose, the axis of rotation 5 is longer than the cumulative thickness of the plates 2, 3 and the spreading element 4 on the axis of rotation 5. Furthermore, the length compensation mechanism has two spring elements 51, 52 on the axis of rotation 5, with one spring element 51 located between one plate 2 and the spreading element 4, and the other spring element 52 located between the other plate 3 and the spreading element 4. The spring elements 51, 52 thereby push the plates 2, 3 and the spreading element 4 apart on the axis of rotation 5.

[0046] Furthermore, the two plates 2, 3 and the spreading element 4 each have a carabiner hole 22, 32, 41. In the assembly position S2 according to Fig. In position 1, the carabiner holes 22, 32, 41 are not all aligned with each other. In the safety position S1, however, the carabiner holes 22, 32, 41 are aligned with each other, so that a carabiner (see Fig. 6 in Fig. 2e) can be hooked through all three carabiner holes 22, 32, 41. This allows the spreader element 4 to be attached when the carabiner is hooked into the aligned carabiner holes 22, 32, 41 (see Fig. 6 in Fig. 2e) in the safety position (see section S1 in Fig. 2d, Fig. 2e, Fig. 3) blocked.

[0047] How to, especially in Fig. 3 recognizes that the carabiner holes 22, 32, 41 are in the safety position (see Bz. S1 in Fig. 2d, Fig. 2e, Fig. 3) positioned between the pivot axis 5 and the sliding surfaces 24, 34 for the draw-out safety mechanism. In the spreader element 4, both the carabiner hole 41 and the hole for the pivot axis 5 are designed as elongated holes. This allows the spreader element 4 to expand even when the carabiner is hooked (see Fig. 6 in Fig. 2e) move linearly between the two plates 3, 4 according to the excess of the elongated hole, and can be moved with the groove bottom (see para. 102 in Fig. 3) come into contact while the locking heads 21, 31 are spaced away from the groove bottom. The advantage of this is that the elongated spreading element 4 can retract when pivoting between the plates 2, 3 and is not blocked by the groove bottom.

[0048] Furthermore, the locking heads 21, 31 have a head length KL in the longitudinal direction L that is more than twice as long as a head height oriented transversely to this (see Bz. A in Fig. 3) of the fuse heads 21, 31. The head height (see section A in Fig. 3) results from the distance between the sliding surfaces 24, 34 and the free ends of the locking heads 21, 31.

[0049] The Fig. Figures 2a-e show in a sequence of perspective views how the safety runner 1 after Fig. 1 is inserted into a locking rail 100, thereby forming a locking device 200 comprising or consisting of the locking runner 1 and the locking rail 100. The locking rail 100 forms a runner groove 101 with a groove bottom 102 and an undercut 103. The locking runner 1 is located according to Fig. 2a outside the runner groove 101 and in the mounting position S2 as also shown in Fig. Figure 1 shows that plates 2 and 3 are folded together so that the locking heads 21 and 31 are positioned transversely to the longitudinal direction (see Figure L in Figure 1). Fig. 1) Insert into the runner groove 101. Once there, the locking heads 21, 31 engage as in Fig. 2b shown in the runner groove 101, while the spreading element 4 is still further in the assembly position S2. By rotating the spreading element 4 about the axis of rotation (see Fig. 5 in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3) according to Fig. 2c and Fig. 2d this is inserted between the locking heads with the thickenings 43, 44 (see Bz. 21, 31 in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3) The plates 2, 3 are swivelled until the carabiner holes (see illustrations 22, 32, 41) are aligned with the Fig. 1 and Fig. 3) in the safety position S1 of the Fig. 2d are arranged in a straight line with each other. Now a carabiner 6 can be attached according to Fig. 2e into the aligned carabiner holes (see Bz. 22, 32, 41 in the Fig. 1 and Fig. 3) be attached. The spreading element 4 is then blocked in the safety position S1 by the attached carabiner 6.

[0050] Fig. Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the according to Fig. 2d The locking runner 1 is inserted into the locking rail 100. Here it can be seen that the spreading element 4 is in the locking position S1 and holds the locking heads 21, 31 apart so that they engage behind the undercut 103 of the runner groove 101. The undercut 103 of the runner groove 101 is formed by two inwardly pointing rail collars 104, 105, between which a longitudinal slot 106 is formed. The rail collars 104, 105 are bent in such a U-shape that internal guide grooves 107, 108 are formed by the rail collars 104, 105, into which one of the locking heads 21, 31 engages with its sliding surface 24, 34 for the pull-out protection.

[0051] Regarding the dimensions, it can be seen that a distance A between the sliding surfaces 24, 34 on the one hand and the free ends of the locking heads 21, 31 on the other (the head height) is less than a groove depth T of the rotor groove 101, but more than 3 / 4 of the groove depth T. A spreading width B of the locking heads 21, 31 in the shown locking position S1 is less than a groove width NB of the rotor groove 101, but greater than 4 / 5 of the groove width NB. In the assembly position not shown here (see Fig. S2 in Fig. 1, Fig. 2a, Fig. 2b) of the spreading element 4 the plates 2, 3 in the area of ​​the locking heads 21, 31 can be moved towards each other so far that the spreading width B is smaller than the width of the longitudinal slot 106 between the rail collars 104, 105.

[0052] Fig. Figure 4 shows a perspective partial view of an initial roof structure with the safety device (see Fig. 200 in Fig. 2a-e and Fig. 3) according to Fig. 2e. A building roof 300 has a roof waterproofing 301 in the form of a covering with roof tiles or roofing slates. It is, in particular, a pitched roof, i.e., with a roof slope G of more than 20 degrees. Also visible is one of at least two required mounting supports 302, which project beyond the roof waterproofing 301, with the securing rail 100 of the securing device (see Fig. 200 in Fig. 2a-e and Fig. 3) is attached directly to the mounting supports 302. The mounting supports 302 are roof hooks that are connected to the substructure (especially made of wood) between the tiles or roofing slabs. The securing rail 100 is aligned perpendicular to a roof slope G of the roof waterproofing 301. Furthermore, the securing rail 100 has a groove (see Fig. 101 in Fig. 3) slightly inclined downwards, so that the force of gravity on the safety rotor 1 acts in the direction out of the rotor groove (see Fig. 101 in Fig. 3) has an effect.

[0053] Fig. Figure 5 shows a perspective partial view of a second roof structure with the safety device (see Fig. 200 in Fig. 2a-e and Fig. 3) according to Fig. 2e. In contrast to Fig. 4. A maintenance walkway 304 is attached here to differently constructed mounting supports 302. The locking rail 100 of the locking device (see Fig. 200 in Fig. 2a-e and Fig. 3) is aligned parallel to the maintenance path 304 and indirectly attached to the mounting supports 302 via the maintenance path 304. The maintenance path 304 and the securing rail 100 are aligned perpendicular to the roof slope G of the roof waterproofing 301. Here, too, the roof slope is greater than 20 degrees, so it is a pitched roof. Furthermore, the securing rail 100 has the runner groove (see Fig. 101 in Fig. 3) vertically upwards, so that the force of gravity on the safety rotor 1 acts in the direction into the rotor groove (see Fig. 101 in Fig. 3) acts into. It is also evident that the locking rail 100 is indirectly attached to the mounting supports 302 by means of carriage bolts 310, namely indirectly via the maintenance path 304, with a carriage bolt head 311 of the carriage bolt 310 sitting on the groove base 102.

[0054] Preferably, the designs are based on the Fig. 4 and Fig.5 a stop is formed or attached at the free end of the safety rail 100 so that the safety runner 1 cannot run out of the safety rail 100.

[0055] The invention is not limited to one of the embodiments described above, but can be modified in many ways.

[0056] This makes installations on gently sloping and flat roofs particularly feasible. Instead of roof hooks, other mounting supports 302 can be used to attach the safety rail 100, for example, single anchor points on flat roofs (Sekuranten®). Even integrating the safety rail 100 into other structural components is conceivable, such as in the edge profiles of solar panels, stiffening struts in the substructures of solar arrays, scaffold planks, snow guards, snow guard posts, and snow guard beams.

[0057] All features and advantages arising from the claims, the description and the drawing, including design details, spatial arrangements and process steps, can be essential to the invention both individually and in various combinations. Reference symbol list 1 safety runner 2 plates 21 fuse head 22 carabiner holes 23 bent tab 24 Sliding surface (extraction protection) 25 Rounding or chamfer 26 Rounding or chamfer 27 sliding points 28 Rounding or beveling (grooved bottom) 29 Rounding or chamfer (grooved bottom) 3 plates 31 fuse head 32 carabiner holes 33 bent tab 34 Sliding surface (extraction protection) 4 Spreading element 41 carabiner holes 42 Mainboard 43 Thickening 44 Thickening 45 Rounding or beveled edge (grooved bottom) 46 Rounding or beveling (grooved bottom) 5 axis of rotation 51 Spring element 52 spring element 6 carabiners 100 safety rail 101 Runner groove 102 Grooved floor 103 Undercut 104 rail collars 105 rail collars 106 longitudinal slots 107 internal guide groove 108 internal guide groove 200 safety device 300 building roof 301 Roof sealing 302 Mounting support 304 Maintenance route 310 Carriage bolt 311 Carriage bolt head A Distance between sliding surfaces and free ends of the locking heads (head height) B Spread width G roof slope KL head length L Longitudinal direction NB Groove width S1 safety position S2 mounting position T Groove depth QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] WO 2019 / 166996 A1 [0003, 0004, 0005] US 5,924,260 [0005, 0006]

Claims

[1] Safety runner (1), in particular for insertion into a runner groove (101) of a safety rail (100), and in particular for personal safety on building roofs (300), with two plates (2, 3) arranged one above the other, each having a safety head (21, 31), wherein the safety heads (21, 31) are arranged opposite each other, characterized by , that this has a spreading element (4), wherein the two plates (2, 3) and the spreading element (4) are connected to each other and the spreading element (4) is mounted so as to be movable relative to the two plates (2, 3) such that the locking heads (21, 31) are held further apart in a locking position (S1) of the spreading element (4) relative to the two plates (2, 3) than in a mounting position (S2) of the spreading element (4) relative to the plates (2, 3), wherein - the spreading element (4) is plate-shaped; and / or - the spreading element (4) has a main plate (42) which has at least one thickening (43, 44) on one or both sides at one of its ends, which are designed to increase the spreading action of the spreading element (4), wherein the spreading element (4) is mounted between the two plates (2, 3) and is positioned in the locking position (S1) between the locking heads (21, 31) of the two plates (2, 3), and wherein the spreading element (4) is positioned in the locking position (S1) with the thickenings (43, 44) between the locking heads (21, 31) of the two plates (2, 3); and / or - the two plates (2, 3) and the spreader element (4) each have a carabiner hole (22, 32, 41), wherein the carabiner holes (22, 32, 41) are aligned with each other in the belay position (S1), and wherein the carabiner holes (22, 32, 41) are not all aligned with each other in the mounting position (S2), and wherein the belay runner (1) is designed such that the spreader element (4) is blocked in the belay position (S1) when the carabiner (6) is attached in the aligned carabiner holes (22, 32, 41); and / or - the locking heads (21, 31) each have a bent tab (23, 33) which forms a U-shaped groove, wherein the locking heads (21, 31) each form a sliding surface (24, 34) for a pull-out protection, and wherein the sliding surface (24, 34) is each formed by the free end edge of the bent tab (23, 33); and / or - the two plates (2, 3) and the spreading element (4) are connected to each other via a pivot axis (5), and the spreading element (4) can be moved back and forth between the locking position (S1) and the mounting position (S2) by pivoting about the pivot axis (5). [2] Safety runner (1) according to claim 1, characterized by , that the two plates (2, 3) are connected to each other in such a way that the spreading element (4) in the locking position (S1) keeps the two plates (2, 3) unfolded in the area of ​​the locking heads (21, 31). [3] Safety runner (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the spreading movement of the two plates (2, 3) includes bending, unfolding and / or displacement in the direction of the plane normal of the plate plane, wherein - the two plates (2, 3) perform only a spreading movement relative to each other when switching between the locking position (S1) and the mounting position (S2); and / or - the two plates (2, 3) are not moved or pivoted relative to each other in their plane when changing. [4] Safety runner (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the two plates (2, 3) are identical parts. [5] Safety runner (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the axis of rotation (5) has a length compensation which compensates for a changing distance between the two plates (2, 3) and the spreading element (4) when switching between the locking position (S1) and the mounting position (S2) of the spreading element (4). [6] Safety runner (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the locking heads (21, 31) have a longitudinal head length (KL) which is at least twice as long as a transverse head height (A) of the locking heads (21, 31). [7] Safety runner (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the locking heads (21, 31) each form a sliding surface (24, 34) for a pull-out protection, - wherein the sliding surface (24, 34) preferably has a rounded edge or chamfer (25, 26) at each of its two longitudinal ends; and / or - wherein the sliding surface (24, 34) is preferably designed to be wavy such that wave crests form adjacent sliding points (27). [8] Safety runner (1) according to claim 7, characterized by , that the carabiner holes (22, 32, 41) are arranged in the safety position (S1) between the axis of rotation (5) and the sliding surfaces (24, 34) for the withdrawal safety. [9] Safety runner (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the locking heads (21, 31) each have a bent tab (23, 33) which in particular forms a U-shaped groove. [10] Safety runner (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the spreading element (4) has insertion ramps, in particular for insertion between the plates (2, 3). [11] Safety runner (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the locking heads (21, 31) and / or the spreading element (4) each have a rounding or beveled chamfer (28, 29, 45, 46) at their longitudinal ends, which are designed to slide over a groove bottom (102) of the runner groove (101). [12] Locking device (200) with a locking rail (100) having a runner groove (101) with a groove bottom (102) and an undercut (103), wherein a locking runner (1) according to one of the preceding claims is inserted in the runner groove (101), wherein the spreading element (4) is in the locking position (S1) and holds the locking heads (21, 31) apart so that they engage behind the undercut (103) of the runner groove (101). [13] Safety device (200) according to claim 12, characterized by , that the undercut (103) of the runner groove (101) is formed by two inwardly pointing rail collars (104, 105) between which a longitudinal slot (106) is formed, wherein the rail collars (104, 105) are bent in such a U-shape that internal guide grooves (107, 108) are formed by the rail collars (104, 105) into which a locking head (21, 31) engages. [14] Safety device (200) according to one of claims 12 or 13, characterized by that the safety rail (100) is geodetically horizontally aligned. [15] Safety device (200) according to claim 14, characterized by , that the safety rail (100) is installed on a pitched roof above or below a solar field, or on a pitched roof on or next to maintenance paths or temporarily during roof construction in the area of ​​the ridge, or also on a flat roof close to the ground parallel to the roof edge, or on a building ceiling. [16] Safety device (200) according to any one of claims 12 to 15, characterized by , that the safety rail (100) is a profile body. [17] Safety device (200) according to any one of claims 12 to 16, characterized by, that a spreading width (B) of the locking heads (21, 31) in the locking position (S1) is smaller than a groove width (NB) of the runner groove (101) and / or is at least 3 / 4, preferably at least 4 / 5 of the groove width (NB). [18] Safety device (200) according to any one of claims 12 to 17, characterized by , that stops for the safety runner (1) are arranged or formed at the ends of the safety rail (100) so that it cannot run out of the safety rail (100) in the longitudinal direction (L). [19] Building roof (300) with a roof seal (301), with at least two mounting supports (302) extending beyond the roof seal (301), and with a securing device (200) according to one of claims 12 to 18, wherein the securing rail (100) is attached to the mounting supports (302). [20] Building roof (300) according to claim 19, characterized by , that the safety rail (100) is geodetically horizontally aligned and installed: a) on a pitched roof with a roof slope exceeding 20 degrees above or below a solar array, on or next to maintenance paths or temporarily during roof construction in the ridge area; or b) on a gently sloping roof with a roof pitch above 10 degrees and below 20 degrees above or below a solar array, on or next to a maintenance walkway or temporarily during roof construction in the area of ​​the ridge, or adjacent to a roof opening such as a skylight; or c) on a flat roof parallel to the roof edge, on or next to a maintenance walkway or adjacent to a roof opening such as a skylight.

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