Textile for a cover, especially for a duvet and / or a mattress

Abstract

Textile (1) for a cover, in particular for a duvet or a mattress, the textile comprising: a fabric (5) with at least one upper layer (14) and one lower layer (16), wherein the upper layer (14) and the lower layer (16) are arranged at least partially one above the other; wherein at least the upper layer (14) of the fabric (5) or the fabric (5) is formed entirely or at least partially from a spacer knit, for example a 3D spacer knit; wherein the spacer fabric comprises fibers with bioceramic particles; wherein a plurality of recesses (12) are formed at least on an outer side (11) of the upper layer (14) facing away from the lower layer (16) and / or at least on an outer side (18) of the lower layer (16) facing away from the upper layer (14).

Description

Technical FieldThe invention relates to a textile for a cover, in particular for bed coverings and / or mattresses. The textile has a fabric which is formed at least partially, in particular completely, from a spacer fabric with bioceramic particles.Background ArtCovers for ceilings, also referred to as ceiling covers below, or mattresses, also referred to as mattress covers below, which are generally known from practice are regularly provided for closely surrounding a bed ceiling or a mattress core, which has a length and a width on the top side and on the bottom side, which can be large compared to a height, for example, in order to be able to form a covering surface and / or a supporting surface for a person.Ceiling coverings and / or mattress coverings usually consist of a fabric area forming the top side and a fabric area forming the bottom side. In the case of a removable cover, which allows the bed cover or the mattress core to be inserted into or removed from the cover, a closure, for example in the form of a zipper, is usually provided for this purpose. For articles of clothing, a plurality of textiles are regularly sewn together in order to produce the desired article of clothing, for example a pants, leggins, a bluse, a pyjama, undergarments, a brassiere, a pair of pants, a panty and / or a towel.Depending on the configuration of the cover, the fabric regions of the top side and the bottom side can be formed by separate fabric layers forming the respective covering surface and / or lying surface or bottom side, which can optionally be connected to one another by longitudinal sides and fabric strips forming the transverse sides. Such fabric strips are usually connected to the fabric panels of the top side and the bottom side by seams, wherein the seams can be covered by a binding strap or a piping strap.In the case of coverings known from practice, in particular mattress coverings, ventilation strips made of a material which is highly permeable with respect to the further covering material are also frequently used on the longitudinal sides and transverse sides, since customary fabrics or covering fabrics for a covering usually have only a low air permeability and the ceiling or the mattress core is otherwise insufficiently ventilated.It is known, for example, from DE 20 2012 005 880 U1 to configure a mattress cover in two parts in such a way that one side is formed as a winter cover by a viscoelastic foam material and the other side is formed as a summer cover by knitted spacer fabric (also known as a 3D knitted spacer fabric), which, owing to its higher breathability, produces a better microclimate for the sleeping person. However, it is disadvantageous here that knitted spacer fabrics are relatively rigid and difficult to flex, as a result of which the reclining comfort of the sleeping person is limited.SummarySpacer fabrics are more extensible than spacer fabrics because of their different structural design, whereby an increase in comfort for a user is possible in a textile formed with spacer fabric, for example a cover for ceilings and / or mattresses or a piece of clothing, since these can be formed soft, elastic and with a pleasant haptics.In practice, however, it has been found that in the known spacer fabrics, in particular when used as a cover for ceilings and / or mattresses, but also when used as a clothing item, there is a need for improvement with regard to breathability and comfort.Furthermore, known textiles for ceilings, garments and / or mattresses are often produced almost exclusively from synthetic fibers. This can firstly result in ecological disadvantages and secondly the comfort for users can thereby be reduced, for example since synthetic fibres can feel relatively cold.The present disclosure can make it possible in particular to provide an improved textile for covers, in particular for ceiling covers and / or mattresses, which is distinguished, for example, by an increased breathability, an improved temperature regulation, a comfortable and soft covering surface and / or lying surface or outer side, as well as a cost-effective processing. The improved textile for covers can also be used for seats as a seat cover and / or for cushions as a cushion cover and / or for articles of clothing, or can form seat covers and / or cushion covers and / or articles of clothing and thus provide improved seat covers and / or cushion covers and / or articles of clothing. In this case, all the above and following advantages and features of the textile for a cover likewise apply in the textile for a piece of clothing and / or for a seat cover and / or for a cushion cover. In other words, the fabric for cover according to the invention may also be a fabric for apparel.This is made possible inter alia by the independent claims. Further embodiments are given in the dependent claims and in the following description.An aspect of the present disclosure relates to a textile for a cover for a bed cover, for example a cover or bed cover, for a mattress, for example a mattress cover, and / or a cover for a seat, a cushion, a sofa, a couch, a upholstery, a chair, a seating furniture or the like. Alternatively or additionally, the present disclosure may relate to a cover for a bed cover, a cover cover, a bed cover cover, a mattress overlay, a mattress cover, a seat cover and / or a cover for a seat, a cushion, a sofa, a couch, a upholstery, a chair, a seating furniture or the like. All disclosures of the textile for a cover apply equally to all articles described herein to which the cover can be applied.The textile comprises a fabric having at least an upper layer and a lower layer. The top layer may indicate an outer layer and the bottom layer may indicate an inner layer of the fabric. The upper layer and the lower layer are arranged at least partially one above the other. For example, the upper and lower layers may be at least partially stacked on top of each other. At least the upper layer of the fabric or the entire fabric or the fabric is at least partially further formed from a spacer fabric, for example a 3D spacer fabric, wherein the spacer fabric comprises fibers with bioceramic particles. Furthermore, at least on an outer side of the upper layer facing away from the lower layer, which outer side can serve, for example, as a covering surface or lying surface for the user, a plurality of recesses are formed. Alternatively or additionally, a plurality of recesses can be formed at least on an outer side of the lower layer facing away from the upper layer.Optionally, the outer side of the upper layer comprises a fine-knit structure, which can be formed in particular from viscose, lyocell, fibers with bioceramic particles and / or any desired mixture thereof. Furthermore, the upper layer and / or the lower layer of the covering material can be formed at least partially from a natural fiber.Additionally or alternatively, the textile can have a fine knitting structure for covering at least on an outer side of the lower layer facing away from the upper layer, which can be formed in particular from viscose, lyocell, fibers with bioceramic particles and / or any desired mixture thereof.The textile according to the invention, in particular as a cover, thus utilizes the advantages of a spacer fabric which, for example, has a spacer structure with stitches, for example, at least partially made of knitted mono- or multifilament spacer threads.Furthermore, the recesses formed on one or both outer sides allow for increased air circulation, increased breathability and / or increased moisture removal.Moreover, by using, for example, viscose or lyocell or another cellulose-based fiber or regenerated fibers in the fine knitting structure on the outside of the textile, a particularly kuschelic and soft haptics can be obtained for the user. The modifiable fiber geometry of viscose and lyocell fibers makes it possible to enable optimum properties for a user in a application-specific manner. For example, viscose hollow fibers can be used which are softer and offer improved heat insulation. The reduced heat emission combined with the high softness of the fibers produces a particularly custody warm haptic feel for the user of the covering and / or of the mattress covering. In addition, for example, viscose hollow fibers offer a high absorption and retention capacity for liquids, so that an improved skin climate for the user is achieved. The high absorption capacity can firstly absorb perspiration, for example, which is discharged again via the room air, and thus assist in cooling and drying the skin. On the other hand, the dry hollow fibers can very well isolate the user because of the large air-filled cavities. In other words, the cellulose-based viscose and lyocell fibers are characterized in that they allow a high breathability with a very soft surface haptic. Furthermore, the cellulose-based fibers can be durable and biodegradable. In addition to, for example, viscose or lyocell, regenerated fiber or other cellulose-based fibers, such as modal and cupro fibers, can also be used in the fine knitting structure and form these at least partially or also completely. It is also possible to combine a plurality of fibers with one another and use them in the fine-knit structure, for example viscose and lyocell with fibers which contain bioceramic particles, or in particular viscose fibers with bioceramic particles and / or lyocell fibers with bioceramic particles.Furthermore, the use of natural fibers, which can be contained and / or knitted in the spacer fabric, for example, can increase the sustainability and / or ecology of the reference, for example since the natural fibers, just like regenerated fibers, viscose and / or lyocell, can be obtained from renewable raw materials. Examples of suitable natural fibers are animal hair fiber, wool fiber, cotton fiber, hemp fiber, eucalyptus fiber, bamboo fiber, hemp fiber, linen fiber, wood fiber, flax fiber, silk fiber, plant fiber, or a combination thereof. Natural fibers can also be distinguished by an increased load-bearing capacity and / or load-bearing capacity. Moreover, natural fibers can result in a pleasant, soft haptics for the user. Natural fibers can also be distinguished by increased skin compatibility, breathability and / or odor neutrality. In addition, natural fibers can enable cost-effective production of the cover.The spacer fabric used for the textile for a cover differs from spacer fabrics regularly used for covers in several respects. For example, spacer fabrics are regularly produced on so-called warp knitting machines, while spacer fabrics are usually produced on a knitting machine, wherein a distinction is additionally made between flat and circular knitting machines. In the production of a spacer knit, stitches are lined up around a chain (therefore also a warp knit machine). The meshes are in this case arranged vertically one next to the other. Due to this lining up of stitches around a chain, the spacer fabric is stable, rigid, inelastic and nonextensible. In contrast, the stitches of a spacer fabric are not lined up around a chain, but the stitches as such may be elastic and stretchable in both the horizontal and vertical directions. Compared to a knitted spacer fabric, a knitted spacer fabric can therefore be distinguished in particular in that it is elastic and stretchable both in the horizontal and in the vertical direction, whereas a knitted spacer fabric is completely inelastic and non-stretchable compared thereto. Knitted spacer fabrics are therefore static and rigid fabric structures which have little to no elasticity. Furthermore, a knitted spacer fabric has a rigid, hard and plastic-like haptics, whereas a knitted spacer fabric can have a textile or fabric-like and soft haptics. Furthermore, in the case of a knitted spacer fabric, fiber ends regularly protrude from a surface of the knitted fabric, so that a scratchy and rough haptics are produced. In contrast, spacer fabrics generally have a substantially softer haptics, which are sometimes caused by the increased elastic properties of the spacer fabric and a substantially finer processing compared to spacer fabrics.Furthermore, the use of fibers with bioceramic particles in the spacer fabric also enables optimized temperature regulation. Bio-ceramic particles are particles that have a high biocompatibility. In other words, bioceramic particles per se have no negative influence on living beings. The terms "bioceramic" or "bioceramic particles" can be used interchangeably for "biocompatible ceramic" or "biocompatible ceramic particles". Biocompatible ceramics for the present use are biocompatible oxide ceramics such as aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, zirconium dioxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum titanate, and / or barium titanate. Some bioceramics, in particular aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide and / or zinc oxide, are distinguished by their high reflectivity of electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength of 10 μm to 1 mm. Electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength of 10 μm to 1 mm is also referred to as far infrared, FIR, FIR radiation, thermal radiation, or far infrared radiation. This means that the reflectance, also called reflectivity, i.e. the ratio between reflected and incident radiation, is very high. Thus, a major part up to the total far infrared radiation incident on a bioceramic is reflected. In addition to the strong reflection of FIR, electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength of 280 nm to 380 nm, the so-called ultraviolet radiation, or UV radiation, or UV-A radiation for the wavelength range of 315 nm to 380 nm or UV-B radiation for the wavelength range of 280 nm to 315 nm, is absorbed by bioceramic particles. This means that no or only a negligibly small amount of UV radiation is transmitted, i.e. is allowed to pass through the fiber with bioceramic particles.Fibers with bioceramic particles are thus fibers comprising one or more oxide ceramics, wherein the oxide ceramics are each processed to particles in the size range of nanometers, for example in the range from 1 nm to 1000 nm, in particular in the range from 10 nm to 900 nm, for example in the range from 50 nm to 300 nm, optionally in the range from 100 nm to 280 nm, and are subsequently permanently connected to the fiber, in particular resistant to washing. The fibers with bioceramic particles can contain both bioceramic particles comprising only one oxide ceramic or a plurality of oxide ceramics. Particularly preferred oxide ceramics comprise, for example, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide and / or zinc oxide.At the same time, the fibers can be natural as well as synthetic or regenerated fibers. In other words, the bioceramic particles can be permanently incorporated into natural fibers and / or synthetic fibers and / or regenerated fibers. Fibers with bioceramic particles can in principle be natural fibers with bioceramic particles and / or synthetic fibers with bioceramic particles and / or regenerated fibers with bioceramic particles. For example, natural fibers such as cotton can be processed in such a way that the bioceramic particles are permanently bonded to the natural fiber. This is possible in particular by methods specially adapted to bioceramics. For example, the bioceramic particles are dispersed in a solution, the cotton is impregnated into this solution and subsequently specially thermally after-treated, so that a uniform and continuously adhering doping with bioceramic particles is produced on the surface of the cotton fiber. In contrast, in the case of synthetic fibers and regenerated fibers, it is possible, for example, to add the bioceramic particles to the starting materials of the fibers, such as polyester or cellulose, during the production process, and thus to obtain fibers with bioceramic particles, the bioceramic particles preferably being arranged for the most part or completely on the surface of the fiber and not in the interior of the fiber. The arrangement of the bioceramic particles on the surface of the fibers serves to ensure that thermal radiation is not absorbed by the fibers, but is already reflected beforehand and no heat input, or only a slight heat input, into the fiber takes place. It follows that fibers, for example by mass, can be produced with a proportion of from 10% to 100%, in particular from 20% to 50%, for example 30%, of bioceramic particles. In other words, it is also possible to produce pure bioceramic fibers. Finally, filaments or yarns can be produced from fibers with bioceramic particles, for example, which filaments or yarns, after further processing, form, for example, fully or at least partially, spacer knits or can form fine knit structures. Thus, for example, viscose fibers with bioceramic particles and / or lyocell fibers with bioceramic particles can be used in the fine knit structure and thus the advantages of bioceramics can be combined with advantages of viscose or lyocell or of another cellulose-based fiber or regenerated fibers.In addition, the fibers with bioceramic particles can have a diameter in the size range of micrometers, for example in the range from 5 μm to 50 μm, in particular in the range from 5 μm to 30 μm, for example 10 μm, but always of more than 3 μm. At the same time, the length of the fibers with bioceramic particles can be more than 250 μm. This has the result that the fibers with bioceramic particles cannot penetrate into the deep airways. In other words, the fibers with bioceramic particles are not bronchiole-permeable or alveolar-permeable. Due to the fact that the fibers with biocompatible particles do not interact, or only hardly interact, for example with the immune system of humans, and at least the bioceramic particles can therefore also not be biodegradable, it is particularly advantageous that the fibers with bioceramic particles cannot accumulate in the body unintentionally due to their size, for example by inhalation. At the same time, fibers with bioceramic particles break predominantly transversely to a longitudinal axis and longitudinal splits therefore do not occur in relevant fashion. As a result, no pulmonary fibre dust is formed from fibres with bioceramic particles even in the event of fibre breakage. A user of the covering with bioceramic particles is protected by the properties of the fibers with bioceramic particles from an undesired accumulation of the fibers by inhalation in the lung.Furthermore, fibers with bioceramic particles are distinguished by a particularly high durability, with a low mass and protection from selected non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation. In other words, bio-ceramic fibers are long-lived, light, absorb UV rays, and reflect far infrared rays. These properties are direct effects of the bioceramic particles. Because the bioceramic particles are biocompatible and do not interact, or do not substantially interact, with biological material, in other words are bioinert, the fibers are particularly resistant and wear-resistant. At the same time, the hard and robust nanometer-sized oxide ceramic particles ensure that the entire fiber is particularly stable, while the mass of the fiber is not greatly increased by the bioceramic nanoparticles. Although ceramics generally have high hardness and brittleness, thus are not plastically deformable, the combination of the biocompatible oxide ceramic with the readily deformable fiber allows a durable fiber to be obtained. The use of pure bioceramic fibers in a spacer fabric also leads to a flexible and durable spacer fabric due to the interaction with further fibers which consist not only of a bioceramic. In other words, the choice and relationship of the various fibers used can affect the elasticity and softness of the fabric.Furthermore, the absorption capacity of UV-A and UV-B radiation and the reflection capacity of FIR can be directly attributed to the bioceramic particles introduced into fibers and thus enable optimized or improved temperature regulation. By combining bioceramic particles and a fiber, UV rays can be absorbed by the bioceramic particles and thus a protection against UV radiation can be made possible. At the same time, FIR is reflected by the bioceramic particles. This has the consequence, on the one hand, that no or only little additional thermal radiation, such as, for example, the thermal counter radiation of the atmosphere, passes through a fiber with bioceramic particles. Consequently, no thermal radiation is stored in the fibers with bioceramic particles. Thus, a user of the bioceramic particle cover is shielded from excessive heating, resulting in a fresh feeling.On the other hand, thermal radiation emitted by a human, for example, is likewise reflected back to the human and absorbed again by the human. In principle, far infrared radiation corresponds to the radiation emitted by an idealised black body having a temperature of up to about 350 K at the maximum spectral energy density. Bioceramic particles reflect up to 100% of this far infrared radiation. Consequently, each object radiates at about room temperature in the far infrared region. Clearly, this means that, to a good approximation, the thermal radiation emitted by a living person is completely reflected by the fibers with bioceramic particles. This reflected thermal radiation is absorbed again by the body. In other words, a flow of body heat is partially to completely prevented. The fibers with bioceramic particles lead to a high thermal insulation which protects against cold. The absorbed thermal radiation improves the microcirculation and blood circulation of the tissue and promotes the relaxation of the muscles. For a user of the covering with bioceramic fibers, a particularly warm and relaxing feel arises.The advantages of a fiber with bioceramic particles can be combined with the advantages and properties of a spacer fabric, optionally also a fine knitting structure, in particular made of viscose and / or lyocell, to form a textile according to the invention.If the textile is designed for a cover as a ceiling cover or as a mattress cover, it can have an upper side and / or an underside, which can each be dimensioned as a covering surface or lying surface for a user.The recesses formed at least on the outer side of the upper layer and / or on the outer side of the lower layer of the fabric are to be distinguished in the context of the present disclosure strictly from meshes from which the fabric, the lower layer and / or the upper layer can be formed. In comparison with the meshes, the recesses can be dimensioned larger, for example the recesses can have a cross-sectional area which can be a multiple (about 5 to 100 times or more) larger than a mean cross-sectional area of the meshes of the fabric.The fabric and / or the textile can generally be of two-ply, triple-ply or multilayer design. In particular, the fabric and / or the textile can be manufactured and / or formed completely or at least partially from spacer fabric and / or 3D spacer fabric and / or from spacer fabric or 3D spacer fabric with bioceramic particles.In a two-ply configuration of the fabric, the upper and the lower ply can be connected and / or knitted to one another at least partially, for example in points, by threads of the upper and / or lower ply. Alternatively or additionally, connecting threads can be used which can connect the upper and the lower layer. In a three- or multi-layer configuration of the fabric, one or more middle layers of the fabric can be connected and / or knitted to the upper and / or the lower layer. Alternatively or additionally, it is also possible here to use connecting threads which can connect at least two layers of the fabric, for example the upper, the lower layer and / or one or more middle layers.The textile according to the invention for a cover can be produced in a simple manner, for example on a large circular knitting machine operating according to the so-called 3-way technique, with a high throughput over time and thus high economic efficiency.According to one embodiment, the natural fiber is an animal hair fiber, a wool fiber, a cotton fiber, a eucalyptus fiber, a bamboo fiber, a linen fiber, a wood fiber, a flax fiber, a hemp fiber, a silk fiber, a vegetable fiber, or a combination thereof. Natural fibers of this type can be distinguished, for example, by increased sustainability, odor neutrality, skin compatibility, wear resistance and / or robustness in comparison with synthetic fibers.According to one embodiment, the upper layer, the lower layer and / or one or more middle layers of the fabric have a weight proportion of natural fibers, based on the respective layer or the entire fabric, of 2% to 90%, for example at least 5%, at least 10%, at least 15%, at least 20% and / or at least 25%. Also conceivable is at least 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, or 75% of natural fibers.The recesses can be designed to be open towards the outside, for example in the direction of the user or in the opposite direction, and / or have a cross section open towards the outside. The recesses can thus denote openings. The recesses can generally be advantageous with regard to the air exchange and the moisture removal and the compensation of temperature fluctuations. The recesses can also provide an increased elasticity, which can offer a user a soft haptics and can also allow the textile to adapt to the user in an optimum manner without this being impaired by brittle spacing-retaining threads which are frequently perceptible in knitted spacer fabrics.The recesses formed at least on the outer side of the upper layer and / or the outer side of the lower layer can furthermore provide and / or form a mesh structure of the substance. In other words, the fabric can have a mesh structure, for example a honeycomb mesh structure, with the recesses at least on the outer side.The recesses of the mesh structure and / or of the fabric can be arranged, for example, in a regular arrangement on the outer side of the fabric. In other words, the recesses may be arranged regularly and / or in a regular pattern. However, an irregular arrangement, for example an arrangement forming a pattern, is also conceivable.The recesses, for example the recesses open to the outside, can be variable with regard to their geometry, for example round, angular, oval, polygonal, elliptical or else any other desired shape with regard to their open cross section.For example, the recesses can be configured in a honeycomb manner. Alternatively or additionally, the recesses can have a round, a rounded, an angular, a quadrangular, a rectangular, a polygonal, a triangular, an elliptical, an oval and / or a polygonal cross section.According to one embodiment, the upper layer and / or the lower layer of the fabric is at least partially formed from textured, twisted yarn, in particular multifilament yarn and / or yarn with bioceramic particles. This allows a soft and pleasant haptics with optimum temperature regulation to be provided.According to one embodiment, the upper layer and / or the lower layer of the fabric is at least partially formed from monofilament yarn, in particular polyester yarn, smooth polyester yarn, polyethylene yarn, smooth polyethylene yarn, polyamide yarn, smooth polyamide yarn, and / or one of the above yarns with bioceramic particles. When the fabric is formed from monofilament yarn on the underside of the fabric facing the bed cover and / or the mattress, removal or insertion of, for example, a bed cover and / or a mattress core can be facilitated.For example, the fabric of spacer fabric can be formed at least in two layers with an upper layer forming an outer side and a fabric layer preferably of polyester fiber fabric forming an inner or lower layer.The inner or lower layer can be, for example, a smooth woven fabric layer, which can also be jacquarded and / or provided, for example, with a pattern, onto which the upper layer of the spacer fabric made of textured, twisted yarn, in particular multifilament yarn and / or a multifilament yarn with bioceramic particles, can build up towards the outside. At the same time, a fine knitting structure, in particular made of regenerated fibers and / or viscose and / or lyocell and / or fibers with bioceramic particles, can be formed on an outer side of the lower layer facing away from the upper layer.According to one embodiment, the fabric further comprises a middle layer which is knitted at least at points and / or at least partially with the upper layer and / or the lower layer. The middle layer can serve for the volumetricization of the substance. This can also increase user comfort.According to one embodiment, the middle layer is at least partially formed from a monofilament yarn, in particular polyester yarn, smooth polyester yarn, polyethylene yarn, smooth polyethylene yarn, polyamide yarn, smooth polyamide yarn, and / or one of the above yarns with bioceramic particles.According to one embodiment, the middle layer is at least partially formed from a multifilament yarn, for example a textured, twisted multifilament yarn, in particular a multifilament yarn with bioceramic particles.According to one embodiment, the middle layer is at least partially formed from a natural fiber. This offers the advantages explained above with regard to the natural fibers.According to one embodiment, the recesses extend at least substantially over a thickness of the upper layer and optionally of the middle layer. In particular, the recesses can extend completely through the upper layer, so that the recesses can form and / or constitute apertures in the upper layer.The recesses can extend, for example, at least substantially over the entire thickness of the upper layer, that is to say from the outside as far as the inner or lower layer or close thereto, for example in order to enable optimum air conditioning with respect to the air and moisture exchange between the two sides of the fabric. In addition, the depth of the cutout can increase the softness of the top layer of spacer fabric, whereby improved haptics can be obtained.According to one embodiment, the recesses extend at least substantially over a thickness of the lower layer and optionally of the middle layer. In particular, the recesses can extend completely through the lower layer, so that the recesses can form and / or constitute apertures in the lower layer.The recesses can extend, for example, at least substantially over the entire thickness of the lower layer, that is to say from the outside as far as the inner or upper layer or close thereto, for example in order to enable optimum air conditioning with respect to the air and moisture exchange between the two sides of the fabric. In addition, the depth of the cutout can increase the softness of the lower layer of spacer fabric, whereby improved haptics can be obtained.The fabric may be further formed in three layers with a middle layer such as a layer knitted with the top layer, with monofilament yarn as a filler. In this case, with a simultaneously high air and moisture permeability, a stabilization and a haptically frequently desired volumetricization of the spacer fabric can be achieved. The monofilament yarn can be formed at least partially from polyester, for example, but other synthetic fibers, such as fibers formed from polyamide or from polyethylene or from the above materials with bioceramic particles, can also be used for this purpose.In order to impart a particularly smooth and pleasant haptics to an outwardly facing surface or outer side of the spacer fabric, the surface or outer side surrounding the recesses can be formed from finer knitting loops compared to other regions of the outer side. This can apply to the outer side of the upper and / or lower layer.According to one embodiment, the upper layer has a weight proportion of 50% to 70%, in particular of 55% to 60%, of the substance. Studies have shown that this proportion by weight is particularly advantageous with regard to comfort and microclimate.According to one embodiment, the lower layer has a weight proportion of 20% to 30%, in particular of 25% to 30%, of the substance.According to one embodiment, a middle layer has a weight proportion of from 10% to 20%, in particular from 15% to 20%, of the substance.When a filler was used, optimum results were determined with regard to the air permeability, stabilization and volumetricization at a proportion by weight of 10% to 20%, in particular of 15% to 20%, of the average layer of the fabric.According to one embodiment, the fabric has a weight of 250 g / m 2- 300 g / m 2 or of 100 g / m 2- 250 g / m 2. Thus, the fabric can have the required load-resistance and at the same time be easy to handle in terms of its weight during production as during use.According to one embodiment, the fabric or the covering fabric of the textile is configured identically on all sides for a covering. In other words, the fabric or the covering can be embodied identically on all sides, that is to say on the upper side, on the lower side and on the longitudinal and transverse sides which are optionally present, wherein it is however also conceivable in principle for different sides of the covering to be embodied differently.The same configuration of all sides can make particularly simple production possible, wherein, owing to the high breathability of the material, it is also possible to dispense with a ventilation band on the transverse and longitudinal sides, which can be found in known covers, in particular ceiling covers.According to one embodiment, the textile for a cover comprises an at least partially encircling closure, in particular a zipper, which is to be opened or closed for inserting or removing, for example, a bed cover. In order to enable the insertion and removal of a bed cover in particular, it can be advantageous if the cover has an at least partially encircling closure, in particular a zipper.Furthermore, for easier handling of a mattress covered with the textile or the cover, at least one handle can be sewn to the textile.The textile for a cover can furthermore be washable, for example at a temperature of at least 30° C., at least 40° C., at least 50° C., at least 60° C., at least 70° C., at least 80° C. or at least 90° C.A further aspect of the present disclosure relates to the use of a fabric or a textile for a cover for a bed cover or ceiling, for example a cover or bed cover, for a mattress, for example a mattress cover, and / or for a cover for a seat, a cushion, a sofa, a couch, a cushioning furniture, a chair, a seating furniture or the like. Alternatively or additionally, the present disclosure may relate to the use of a trim cover for a bed ceiling, a trim cover, a bed deck cover, a mattress overlay, a mattress cover, a seat cover and / or a cover for a seat, a cushion, a sofa, a couch, a upholstery, a chair, a seating furniture, or the like.The fabric has at least one upper layer and one lower layer, wherein the upper layer and the lower layer are arranged at least partially one above the other, and wherein at least the upper layer of the fabric or the fabric is formed completely or at least partially from a spacer fabric, for example a 3D spacer fabric, wherein the spacer fabric comprises fibers with bioceramic particles. At least on an outer side of the upper layer facing away from the lower layer, a plurality of recesses are formed. Alternatively or additionally, a plurality of recesses can be formed at least on an outer side of the lower layer facing away from the upper layer.Optionally, at least the outer side of the upper layer and / or the outer side of the lower layer can comprise a fine knitting structure, in particular made of viscose and / or lyocell and / or a regenerated fiber and / or fibers with bioceramic particles.Further optionally, the upper layer and / or the lower layer of the covering material can be formed at least partially from a natural fiber. In addition to fibers with bioceramic particles and / or viscosids and / or lyocell, regenerated fibers or other cellulose-based fibers, such as modal and / or cuprofibers, for example, can also be used in the fine knitting structure and form these at least partially or even completely.Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a textile and / or fabric for a garment, such as a pants, leggins, bluse, pyjama, undergarments, brassiere, panty, panty, towel, shoe, shoe sole, shirt, tee shirt, animal apparel, dog apparel, horse blanket, sleeping bag, sock, bascap, mutz, hat, or any other type of garment or garment. A plurality of partially different fabrics having different cuts, shapes and / or characteristics may be sewn together to produce the desired garment. Alternatively or additionally, the present disclosure may relate to a garment such as a pants, leggins, blouse, pyjama, undergarments, brassiere, pantyhose, panty, towel, shoe, shoe sole, shirt, tee shirt, animal apparel, dog apparel, horse blanket, sleeping bag, sock, basecap, hat, hat, or any other type of garment or garment. All of the features, effects and advantages of the textile for a cover described herein can likewise be present in the textile for a clothing item and / or in the clothing item and vice versa.The textile for a garment comprises a fabric having at least an upper layer and a lower layer. The top layer may indicate an outer layer and the bottom layer may indicate an inner layer of the fabric. The upper layer and the lower layer are arranged at least partially one above the other. For example, the upper and lower layers may be at least partially stacked on top of each other. At least the upper layer of the fabric or the entire fabric or the fabric is at least partially further formed from a spacer fabric, for example a 3D spacer fabric, wherein the spacer fabric comprises fibers with bioceramic particles. At least on an outer side of the upper layer facing away from the lower layer, which outer side can serve, for example, as a covering surface for the user, a plurality of recesses can be formed. Alternatively or additionally, a plurality of recesses can be formed on an outer side of the lower layer facing away from the upper layer.Optionally, the outer side of the upper layer and / or the outer side of the lower layer comprises a fine knitting structure, which can be formed in particular from viscose and / or lyocell and / or fibers with bioceramic particles. Furthermore, the upper layer and / or the lower layer of the covering material can be formed at least partially from a natural fiber.Additionally or alternatively, the textile for a clothing item can have a fine knitting structure at least on an outer side of the lower layer facing away from the upper layer, which can be formed in particular from viscose and / or lyocell and / or fibers with bioceramic particles. Here, the advantages explained above with regard to the use of, for example, viscose or lyocell or of another cellulose-based fiber or regenerated fiber and / or fibers with bioceramic particles in the fine knitting structure are also possible on the outer side of the upper layer of the textile facing away from the lower layer.All of the foregoing and following disclosure on the textile for reference applies equally to the textile for a garment, and vice versa.A further aspect of the present disclosure relates to the use of a fabric and / or a textile for a clothing item, in particular for a pants, a leggins, a bluse, a pyjama, undergarments, a brassiere, an under pants, a panty, a towel, a shoe, a shoe sole, a shirt, a t-shirt, animal clothing, dog clothing, a horse blanket, a sleeping bag, sock, a basecap, a hat, a hat or for any other type of clothing item or clothing item. Alternatively or additionally, the present disclosure may relate to the use of an article of clothing, for example a pants, leggins, blouse, pyjamas, undergarments, brassieres, panty, towel, shoe, shoe sole, shirt, tee shirt, animal apparel, dog apparel, horse blanket, sleeping bag, sock, basecap, mutze, hat, or any other type of garment.The fabric has at least one upper layer and one lower layer, wherein the upper layer and the lower layer are arranged at least partially one above the other, and wherein at least the upper layer of the fabric or the fabric is formed completely or at least partially from a spacer fabric, for example a 3D spacer fabric, wherein the spacer fabric comprises fibers with bioceramic particles. At least on an outer side of the upper layer facing away from the lower layer and / or on an outer side of the lower layer facing away from the upper layer, a plurality of recesses are formed.Optionally, the outer side facing away from the lower layer and / or the outer side facing away from the upper layer comprises a fine knitting structure, in particular made of viscose and / or lyocell and / or fibers with bioceramic particles and / or a regenerated fiber. Alternatively or additionally, the upper layer and / or the lower layer of the covering material can be formed at least partially from a natural fiber. In addition to fibers with bioceramic particles and / or viscose and / or lyocell, for example, regenerated fibers or other cellulose-based fibers, such as modal and / or cupro fibers, can also be used in the fine-knit structure and form these at least partially or completely.Further aspects of the present disclosure relate to a bed cover and / or a mattress and / or a cushion and / or a seat and / or a piece of clothing which are at least partially formed from and / or consist of the textile as described above and below. The bed deck cover can, for example, denote a cover for a ceiling, a day ceiling, a cover ceiling, a cover ceiling, and / or a cover ceiling. The garment may, for example, denote a pants, leggins, blouse, pyjama, undergarments, brassiere, panty pants, T shirt, shirt, pullover, jacket, hat, shoe, glove, formwork, jacket, panty, form clothes, undergarments, towel, or any other garment.Further advantages and advantageous further developments of the invention are evident from the claims and the exemplary embodiment described with reference to the drawing.Brief Description of the FiguresIt shows: FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a textile designed according to the invention drawn onto a mattress core, FIG. 2 shows a greatly simplified detail plan view of an outer side of the textile, and FIG. 3 shows a diagrammatic cross-sectional view in certain areas through a fabric of the textile.The figures are schematic only and not to scale. Similar or identical elements are provided with similar or identical reference numerals in the figures.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTSReferring to FIG. 1, a textile 1 or a mattress cover is shown by way of example in a state in which it is stretched onto a mattress core 2, wherein the textile 1 forms a first lying surface on an upper side 3 and a second lying surface for a user on an opposite lower side 4. The textile 1 of FIG. 1 is shown merely by way of example as a mattress cover. Alternatively, the textile 1 can be designed as a seat cover for receiving a seat cushion core or as a ceiling cover for receiving a ceiling or as a cushion cover for receiving a cushion.The textile 1 is formed circumferentially from the same fabric 5, wherein lateral transverse surfaces 6 and longitudinal surfaces 7, optionally free of seams, also merge into the upper side 6 and the lower side 7. In contrast to this, however, in other embodiments a separation of the surfaces of the fabric 5 by seams and, if applicable, a piping strip can also be provided.In particular when the textile 1 is designed as a covering or as a cushion covering, the transverse surfaces 6 and longitudinal surfaces 7 can be omitted.On the transverse surfaces 6 and longitudinal sides 7, a circumferential closure 8 in the form of a zipper is sewn into the mattress cover for the introduction and removal of the mattress core 2. In addition, a plurality of handles 9 for lifting the mattress core 2 which is surrounded by the mattress cover 1 are provided on the lateral longitudinal surfaces 7, of which handles only one handle 9 is shown by way of example.As can be seen in a section X in FIG. 1, which represents the entire surface of the textile 1, and in FIGS. 2 and 3, the fabric 5 is formed with a spacer fabric 10, for example a 3D spacer fabric, up to its outer side 11.The fabric 5 has a honeycomb mesh structure with recesses 12 open to the outside in a regular, fine-grained arrangement. The recesses 12 preferably have a round, rounded, elliptical and / or oval cross section outwards, which in the unstressed state can be dimensioned, for example, 2 mm to 4 mm in width and approximately 3 mm to 5 mm in length.The material webs 13 of spacer fabric 10 located between the recesses 12 which are offset and arranged regularly with respect to one another can be dimensioned at least approximately identically in terms of their width.The fabric 5 of the textile 1 is in the present case configured as a three-ply spacer fabric having an upper ply 14 forming an outer side 11, a middle ply 15 forming the spacer fabric 10 and knitted with the upper ply 14, and an inner or lower ply 16 knitted with the upper ply 14 and / or the middle ply 15. The lower layer 16 furthermore likewise forms an outer side 18.The topsheet 14 may comprise a monofilament yarn, such as plain monofilament yarn, or a multifilament yarn, such as textured, twisted multifilament yarn. Similarly, the backsheet 16 may also comprise a monofilament yarn, such as plain monofilament yarn, or a multifilament yarn, such as textured, twisted multifilament yarn. Likewise, the middle layer 15 can be formed at least partially from monofilament yarns or multifilament yarn. Furthermore, all of the above yarns may also contain bioceramic particles.One or more of the top layer 14, the middle layer 15, and the bottom layer 16 may further include natural fibers and / or are at least partially formed from natural fibers. The natural fibers may be, for example, animal hair fibers, wool fibers, cotton fibers, eucalyptus fibers, bamboo fibers, linen fibers, wood fibers, flax fibers, hemp fibers, silk fibers, plant fibers, and / or a combination thereof. Furthermore, all of the above fibers may also contain bioceramic particles. Natural fibers of this type can be distinguished, for example, by increased sustainability, odor neutrality, skin compatibility, wear resistance and / or robustness in comparison with synthetic fibers.The upper layer 14 also has a fine knitting structure 17 on the outer side 11, which gives the surface a soft haptics. Likewise, the lower layer 16 has the fine knitting structure 17 on the outer side 18. In order to enable a soft or cuschelic surface haptic on the respective outer side 11 and / or 18 of the textile 1, the fine knitting structure 17 can be formed at least partially, but in particular completely, from viscose and / or lyocell and / or fibers with bioceramic particles, but also from regenerated fibers or other fibers based on cellulose, such as modal and cupro fibers.With regard to the thickness, the middle layer 15 in the shown advantageous embodiment is dimensioned such that it takes up at least 70% to 80% of the total thickness of the fabric 5, in order to utilize the microclimate advantages of the spacer fabric 10 to the greatest possible extent.In order to enable the greatest possible air circulation and optimum moisture removal to the outer side 11, the honeycomb-like recesses 12 extend substantially over the thickness of the upper layer 14 and the middle layer 15 as far as adjoining the lower layer 16, so that the fabric 5 at the same time has a high flexibility and extensibility in the width through the recesses 12. The elasticity in height brings about a softness which, depending on the desired degree of softness, can be defined by the filler of the middle layer 14.It is understood that, depending on the application, the fabric 5 can be produced with all known production methods for spacer fabrics on circular knitting machines and with all known finishing methods, such as e.g. with a washing, bleaching and shrinking process following the knitting process.All features that have been described with reference to one of the above exemplary embodiments for a reference for a bed cover or a mattress also apply to a reference for a seat and / or a cushion. In other words, any reference disclosed in the specification and all of the described embodiments may also be used for seats and / or cushions. The textile for a cover according to the invention can also be used for a seat and / or cushion as a seat cover or cushion cover.In addition, it should be noted that "comprising" and "having" do not exclude other elements and the indefinite articles "a" or "an" do not exclude a plurality.It should also be noted that features which have been described with reference to one of the above exemplary embodiments can also be used in combination with other features of other exemplary embodiments described above. Reference numerals in the claims should not be regarded as limitations.References included in the specificationThis list of documents cited by the applicant has been produced in an automated manner and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent application or utility model application. The DPMA does not take any adhesion for any faults or omissions.Patent Literature citedDE 20 2012 005 880 U1

[0006]

Claims

Textile (1) for a cover, in particular for a bed cover or a mattress, the textile comprising: a fabric (5) having at least one upper layer (14) and one lower layer (16), wherein the upper layer (14) and the lower layer (16) are arranged at least partially one above the other; wherein at least the upper layer (14) of the fabric (5) or the fabric (5) is formed completely or at least partially from a spacer fabric, for example a 3D spacer fabric; wherein the spacer fabric comprises fibers with bioceramic particles; wherein a plurality of recesses (12) are formed at least on an outer side (11) of the upper layer (14) facing away from the lower layer (16) and / or at least on an outer side (18) of the lower layer (16) facing away from the upper layer (14).Textile (1) according to claim 1, wherein the bioceramic particles comprise and / or comprise particles of one or more biocompatible oxide ceramics, such as for example aluminium oxide, silicon oxide, zirconium dioxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, aluminium titanate, and / or barium titanate, in particular aluminium oxide, silicon oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide and / or zinc oxide.Textile (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the bioceramic particles have a diameter in the size range of nanometers, for example in the range from 1 nm to 1000 nm, in particular in the range from 10 nm to 900 nm, for example in the range from 50 nm to 300 nm, optionally in the range from 100 nm to 280 nm.Textile (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the bioceramic particles are permanently connected to a fiber, and / or wherein the bioceramic particles are arranged, for example doped, on a fiber surface, and / or wherein the bioceramic particles are incorporated into the fiber, in particular wherein the fibers are arranged for the most part or completely on the fiber surface.Textile (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the bioceramic particles make up a proportion, for example by mass, of 10% to 100%, in particular of 20% to 50%, for example 30%, of the fibers.Textile (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the fibres with bioceramic particles are designed to reflect a major part up to the total incident electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of 10 μm to 1 mm.The textile (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the bioceramic particle fibers are configured to absorb a major part up to all incident electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength of 280 nm to 380 nm.Textile (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the fibers with bioceramic particles have a diameter in the size range of micrometers, for example in the range of 5 μm to 50 μm, in particular in the range of 5 μm to 30 μm, for example 10 μm, wherein the fibers with bioceramic particles have a diameter of more than 3 μm, for example.Textile (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the bioceramic particle fibers have a length of more than 250 μm.Textile (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the fibers with bioceramic particles are not permeable to lungs, in particular not permeable to bronchioles or to an alveolar layer.Textile (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least the outer side (11) comprises a fine knitting structure (17), in particular made of viscose, lyocell and / or fibers with bioceramic particles; and / or wherein at least on an outer side (18) of the lower layer (16) facing away from the upper layer (14) a fine knitting structure (17), in particular made of viscose, lyocell and / or fibers with bioceramic particles, is formed.The textile (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the upper layer (14) and / or the lower layer (16) of the fabric (5) is at least partially formed from a natural fiber, wherein the natural fiber is optionally an animal hair fiber, a wool fiber, a cotton fiber, a eucalyptus fiber, a bamboo fiber, a linen fiber, a wood fiber, a flax fiber, a hemp fiber and / or a plant fiber.Textile (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the recesses (12) are arranged regularly and / or in a regular pattern.Textile (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the recesses (12) are formed in a honeycomb manner; and / or wherein the recesses (12) have a round, a round, an angular, a quadrangular, a rectangular, a polygonal, a triangular, an elliptical, an oval and / or a polygonal cross section.Textile (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the upper layer (14) and / or the lower layer (16) of the fabric (5) is at least partially formed from textured, twisted yarn, in particular multifilament yarn and / or yarn with bioceramic particles.Textile (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the upper layer (14) and / or the lower layer (16) of the fabric (5) is at least partially formed from monofilament yarn, in particular polyester yarn, polyester yarn with bioceramic particles, smooth polyester yarn, polyethylene yarn, smooth polyethylene yarn, polyethylene yarn with bioceramic particles, polyamide yarn, polyamide yarn with bioceramic particles, and / or smooth polyamide yarn.Textile (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the fabric (5) further comprises a middle layer (15), which is knitted at least at points and / or partially with the upper layer (14) and / or the lower layer (16).Textile (1) according to claim 17, wherein the middle layer (15) is at least partially formed from a monofilament yarn, in particular polyester yarn, polyester yarn with bioceramic particles, smooth polyester yarn, polyethylene yarn, smooth polyethylene yarn, polyethylene yarn with bioceramic particles, polyamide yarn, polyamide yarn with bioceramic particles, and / or smooth polyamide yarn.Textile (1) according to one of claims 17 or 18, wherein the middle layer (15) is at least partially formed from a multifilament yarn, for example a textured, twisted multifilament yarn, in particular a multifilament yarn with bioceramic particles.Textile (1) according to one of claims 17 to 19, wherein the middle layer (15) is at least partially formed from a natural fiber.Textile (1) according to one of Claims 17 to 20, the middle layer (15) having a proportion by weight of from 10% to 20%, in particular from 15% to 20%, of the fabric (5).The textile (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the recesses (12) extend at least substantially over a thickness of the top layer (14) and optionally a middle layer (15) of the fabric (5).Textile (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the upper layer (14) has a weight proportion of from 50% to 70%, in particular from 55% to 60%, of the fabric (5).Textile (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the lower layer (16) has a weight proportion of 20% to 30%, in particular of 25% to 30%, of the fabric (5).Textile (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the fabric (5) has a weight of 250 g / m 2- 300 g / m 2 or of 100 g / m 2- 250 g / m 2.Textile (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the textile (1) is formed identically on all sides (3, 4, 6, 7).Textile (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the textile has an at least partially encircling closure (8), in particular a zipper (8), which can be opened or closed for inserting or removing, for example a bed cover or a mattress core.Bed cover and / or mattress cover at least partially formed from the textile according to any of the preceding claims.Item of clothing which is at least partially formed from the textile according to one of Claims 1 to 27.

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