Cold start system and electric vehicle

Abstract

A cold start system (100), characterized in that the cold start system (100) comprises: a main power supply module (110) configured to provide a first electrical signal; a conversion module (120) electrically connected to the main power supply module (110), the conversion module (120) configured to convert the first electrical signal into a second electrical signal, wherein a voltage value of the second electrical signal is smaller than a voltage value of the first electrical signal; a pulse module (130) electrically connected to the conversion module (120), the pulse module (130) configured to convert the second electrical signal into a pulse signal; a starting power supply module (140) electrically connected to the pulse module (130), the starting power supply module (140) being configured to receive the pulse signal to operate under the influence of the pulse signal.

Description

[0001] This application claims priority from the Chinese patent application filed with the Chinese Patent Office on April 26, 2024, under application number 2024208953550. The entire contents of the above application are incorporated into this application by reference. Technical area

[0002] The present application relates to the field of battery technology and in particular to a cold start system and an electric vehicle. State of the art

[0003] In cold weather or low temperatures, the internal resistance of the low-voltage battery in the electric vehicle increases due to the temperature drop and the cold cranking power of the 12V starter battery drops sharply, which may cause the electric vehicle to fail to start. Contents of this applicationTECHNICAL PROBLEM

[0004] The corresponding solution uses a heating foil to warm the low-voltage battery. Since the heating foil heats up very slowly and consumes power from the 12-V starter battery, the cold-cranking capability of the 12-V starter battery is further reduced. TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a cold start system comprising: a main power supply module configured to provide a first electrical signal; a conversion module electrically connected to the main power supply module, the conversion module configured to convert the first electrical signal into a second electrical signal, wherein a voltage value of the second electrical signal is smaller than a voltage value of the first electrical signal; a pulse module electrically connected to the conversion module, the pulse module configured to convert the second electrical signal into a pulse signal; a starting power supply module electrically connected to the pulse module, and the starting power supply module is configured to receive the pulse signal to operate under the action of the pulse signal.

[0006] In a second aspect, the present application also relates to an electric vehicle comprising the cold start system described above.

[0007] By way of example, the present application also describes a cold start method comprising: providing a first electrical signal by means of a main power supply module;

[0008] Converting the first electrical signal into a second electrical signal by means of a conversion module, wherein a voltage value of the second electrical signal is smaller than a voltage value of the first electrical signal;

[0009] Converting the second electrical signal into a pulse signal by means of a pulse module;

[0010] Receiving the pulse signal by means of the starting power supply module so that the starting power supply module is operated under the influence of the pulse signal. TECHNICAL IMPACTS

[0011] The cold start system, cold start method and electric vehicle provided by the present application have the following advantageous effects:

[0012] The conversion module can convert the first high-voltage electrical signal provided by the main power supply module into a second low-voltage electrical signal that can be adapted to the starting power supply module. The pulse module can convert the second electrical signal into a pulse signal and charge the starting power supply module. Since the pulse signal has a high current, the high-current pulse signal can not only quickly charge the starting power supply module and increase the SOC value of the starting power supply module, but also quickly increase the temperature of the starting power supply module, which can significantly improve the cold start capability of the starting power supply module.

[0013] Furthermore, the cold start system of the present application can utilize the main power supply module of the electric vehicle's high-voltage traction battery module to charge the starting power supply module. The cold start system does not require an external power supply, which can significantly improve the applicability of the cold start system. Short description of the drawing Fig. 1 is a first structural schematic view of a cold start system provided by the present application. Fig. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of the cold start capabilities of the cold start system provided by the present application and the heater foil heating solution of the subject technology. Fig. 3 is a structural schematic view of a pulse module provided by the present application. Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of several waveforms of pulse signals formed by the pulse module of the present application. Fig. 5 is a second structural schematic view of the cold start system provided by the present application. Fig. 6 is a first structural schematic view of an electric vehicle provided by the present application. Fig. 7 is a second structural schematic view of an electric vehicle provided by the present application.

[0014] In the drawings: 10. Electric vehicle; 100. Cold start system; 200. Starting device; 300. Power pack; 110. Main power supply module; 120. Conversion module; 130. Pulse module; 140. Starting power supply module; 150. Power distribution module; 131. Switch control module; 132. Rectifier and filter module; 133. Current limiting module. Detailed description of the embodiments

[0015] If the ambient temperature is too low, the electric vehicle may not start. This is mainly due to the temperature drop, the internal resistance of the 12V starter battery in the electric vehicle increasing, and the performance of the 12V starter battery dropping sharply during cold starting (a cold start refers to the direct starting of the battery without preheating), making driving impossible.

[0016] One solution of the technology in question is to heat the 12V starter battery using a heating foil to improve cold-cranking capability. However, the heating foil heats up very slowly and consumes power from the 12V starter battery, further reducing cold-cranking capability.

[0017] Another solution of the technology in question is to improve the remaining power (state of charge, SOC) of the 12-V starter battery by DC charging the 12-V starter battery to improve the battery's cold-cranking capability. However, to prevent lithium plating of the 12-V starter battery (lithium plating is a loss condition of lithium-ion batteries that occurs during the charging process), the technology is also used.When lithium ions are released from the positive electrode and migrate to the negative electrode, if the negative electrode does not have enough space for lithium to be inserted, or the resistance of lithium ions to being inserted into the negative electrode is too large, or lithium ions are released from the positive electrode too quickly and cannot be embedded in the negative electrode in uniform amounts, these lithium ions that cannot be embedded in the negative electrode will obtain electrons on the surface of the negative electrode and form metallic lithium, which is called lithium precipitation), the charging current of the 12V starter battery is very low at low temperatures, and it takes a long time to increase the SOC of the battery and improve the cold start ability.

[0018] The present application provides a cold start system 100 that can quickly and safely improve the cold start capability of a 12V starter battery using a pulse signal.

[0019] See Fig. 1, Fig. Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of a cold start system 100 provided by the present application. The cold start system 100 includes a main power supply module 110, a conversion module 120, a pulse module 130, and a starting power supply module 140.

[0020] The main power supply module 110 is configured to provide a first electrical signal. The conversion module 120 is electrically connected to the main power supply module 110, and the conversion module 120 is configured to convert the first electrical signal into a second electrical signal, wherein the voltage value of the second electrical signal is less than the voltage value of the first electrical signal, and the second electrical signal may be a low-voltage direct current signal. The pulse module 130 is electrically connected to the conversion module 120, and the pulse module 130 is configured to convert the second electrical signal into a pulse signal. The start power supply module 140 is electrically connected to the pulse module 130, and the start power supply module 140 is configured to receive the pulse signal transmitted from the pulse module 130 to operate under the action of the pulse signal.In some implementations, operation here primarily refers to the state in which the starting power supply module 140 can deliver power under a particular power condition.

[0021] It is understood that the first electrical signal provided by the main power module 110 may be a high-voltage direct current signal, and the main power module 110 may be, but is not limited to, a high-voltage traction battery module. The second electrical signal converted by the conversion module 120 may be a low-voltage direct current signal, and the conversion module 120 may be a direct current-to-direct current (DC-DC) converter.

[0022] The voltage value of the second electrical signal may be within the input voltage range required by the starting power supply module 140, and the conversion module 120 may convert the high voltage signal provided by the main power supply module 110 into the low voltage signal required by the starting power supply module 140. For example, in some implementations, the main power module 110 may provide a high voltage signal from 400 volts (V) to 800 V (e.g., 400 V, 600 V, or 800 V), the starting power module 140 may be a 12 V starter battery, and the DC-DC converter may convert the high voltage signal from 400 V to 800 V to a low voltage signal from 9 V to 16 V (e.g., 9 V, 10 V, 12 V, 14 V, or 16 V) such that the main power module 110 may provide power to the 12 V starter battery (i.e., the starting power module 140) and the 12 V starter battery (i.e.,the starting energy supply module 140).

[0023] It is understood that the pulse signal provided by the pulse module 130 is a discrete signal, and the pulse signal is continuously output at a specific voltage amplitude within a specific time interval. The time interval between two adjacent pulse signals is called a period; the number of pulses generated within a unit of time (e.g., 1 second) is called the frequency.

[0024] In the embodiment of the present application, the pulse module 130 converts low-voltage direct current into a pulse signal. Due to the periodic characteristics of the pulse signal, the pulse module 130 can provide a pulse signal in the form of a large current and supply power to the starting power supply module 140. Therefore, the pulse module 130 can charge the starting power supply module 140 in a short time and increase the temperature of the starting power supply module 140 in a short time, thereby significantly improving the cold start performance of the starting power supply module 140.

[0025] It is understood that the starting power module 140 is the main module for cold starting the electric vehicle 10. At low temperatures, due to the relatively large internal resistance of the starting power module 140, the output of a specific power operating condition cannot be achieved, so the starting power module 140 cannot be started. In the low-temperature pulse charging solution of the embodiment of the present application, the temperature of the starting power module 140 can be increased in a short period of time, and its temperature rise rate is 5 to 10 times (for example, 5 times, 6 times, 7 times, 8 times, 9 times, or 10 times) the temperature rise rate in the heating film heating solution. Furthermore, the low-temperature pulse charging solution of the present application can also quickly increase the SOC of the starting power module 140.

[0026] See for example Fig. 2, Fig. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of the cold start capabilities of the cold start system 100 provided by the present application and the heating foil heating solution of the subject technology. As shown in Fig. As shown in Figure 2, in the cold start system 100 of the present application, the starting power supply module 140 is powered by a pulse signal. The time required for cold start of the starting power supply module 140 at -30°C is approximately 3 to 5 minutes (e.g., 3 minutes, 4 minutes, or 5 minutes), and the time required for cold start of the starting power supply module 140 at -40°C is approximately 10 to 20 minutes (e.g., 10 minutes, 15 minutes, or 20 minutes). However, with the heating film heating solution of the subject technology, it takes approximately 30 to 60 minutes (e.g., 30 minutes, 40 minutes, 50 minutes, or 60 minutes) to cold start the starting power supply module 140 at -30°C, and the starting power supply module 140 cannot be started at -40°C.By comparing the two solutions, it can be seen that in the present application, the cold start capability of the starting power supply module 140 can be significantly improved by charging the starting power supply module 140 with a pulse signal.

[0027] It should be understood that in some implementations, the main power module 110, the conversion module 120, and the starting power module 140 of the present application may all be structures of the electric vehicle 10. The cold start system 100 is applied to the electric vehicle 10, and the cold start system 100 of the present application may reuse the main power module 110, the conversion module 120, and the starting power module 140 of the electric vehicle 10. The main power module 110, as a high-voltage traction battery module, may provide power to the drive units such as the motor of the electric vehicle 10 (such as the drive unit 300 described later), and may also charge the starting power module 140 of the cold start system 100. The conversion module 120 converts the high-voltage signal provided by the main power module 110 into a low-voltage signal.This can supply energy to other modules of the electric vehicle 10 as well as to the starting energy supply module 140 of the cold start system 100. The starting energy supply module 140 serves both to supply power to the low-voltage starting system of the electric vehicle 10 and as a component of the cold start system 100, which can be charged by the main energy supply module 110.

[0028] In the cold start system 100 of the embodiment of the present application, the conversion module 120 can convert the first high-voltage signal provided by the main power module 110 into a second low-voltage signal that can adapt to the starting power module 140, and the pulse module 130 can convert the second electrical signal into a pulse signal and charge the starting power module 140. Since the pulse signal can have a large current, the large-current pulse signal can not only quickly charge the starting power module 140 and increase the SOC value of the starting power module 140, but also increase the temperature of the starting power module 140 in a short time, which can significantly improve the cold start capability of the starting power module 140.Furthermore, the cold start system 100 of the present application is capable of utilizing the main power supply module 110 of the high-voltage traction battery module of the electric vehicle 10 to charge the starting power supply module 140. The cold start system 100 does not require an external power supply, which greatly improves the applicability of the cold start system 100.

[0029] See Fig. 3 in conjunction with Fig. 1. Fig. Figure 3 is a structural schematic view of a pulse module 130 provided by the present application. The pulse module 130 includes a switch control module 131, a rectifier and filter module 132, and a current limiting module 133.

[0030] The switch control module 131 is electrically connected to the conversion module 120, and the switch control module 131 is configured to switch between an open state and a closed state to convert the second electrical signal into a pulse signal. The rectifier and filter module 132 is electrically connected to the switch control module 131, and the rectifier and filter module 132 is configured to adjust the waveform of the pulse signal. The current limiting module 133 is electrically connected to the rectifier and filter module 132, and the current limiting module 133 is configured to control the current parameter of the pulse signal so that the current voltage of the starting power supply module 140 does not exceed the upper voltage limit.

[0031] It is understood that the switch control module 131 is electrically connected to the conversion module 120 and receives the second electrical signal transmitted from the conversion module 120. The switch control module 131 includes a switching circuit and a control circuit, and the control circuit is connected to the switching circuit and the conversion module, respectively. The control circuit can control the opening and closing of the switching circuit to convert the second electrical signal into a pulse signal; and the control circuit can influence the frequency of the pulse signal by controlling the frequency of the opening and closing of the switching circuit. In some implementations, the switch control module 131 can control the frequency of the pulse signal to be between 100 Hz (HZ) and 1500 Hz. Further, the frequency of the pulse signal can be controlled to be between 300 Hz and 900 Hz.For example, the switch control module 131 may control the frequency of the pulse signal to be 100 Hz, 300 Hz, 500 Hz, 700 Hz, or 900 Hz.

[0032] The switch control module 131 of the embodiment of the present application controls the frequency of the pulse signal, and the pulse module 130 can generate a continuous high-frequency pulse current, which can not only quickly charge the starting power supply module 140 but also prevent lithium deposition of the starting power supply module 140 during low-temperature charging.

[0033] It should be understood that the control circuit may also control the interval between the opening and closing of the circuit to regulate the duty cycle of the pulse signal. The duty cycle of the pulse signal refers to the ratio of the circuit's closing duration (also called the on-duty period) to the total period (one pulse cycle). In some embodiments, the switch control module 131 may control the duty cycle of the pulse signal to be between 1:5 and 1:1. For example, the switch control module 131 may control the duty cycle of the pulse signal to be 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, or 1:5. In the embodiment of the present application, the switch control module 131 regulates the duty cycle of the pulse signal, which allows the pulse module 130 to more easily generate continuous high-frequency pulse currents.

[0034] It is understood that the rectifier and filter module 132 may be, but is not limited to, a rectifier / filter module, and that the rectifier and filter module 132 enables adjustment of the waveform of the pulse signal. In doing so, the rectifier and filter module 132 may fine-tune a specific waveform (e.g., a waveform amplitude). For example, if the pulse module 130 outputs a sinusoidal pulse signal, the rectifier and filter module 132 may regulate the pulse amplitude of the sinusoidal pulse signal.

[0035] Here, the rectifier and filter module 132 may also integrate waveform conversion circuits such as an amplification unit and a differential operation unit, so that the rectifier and filter module 132 may also adjust the waveform of the pulse signal. In some embodiments, see Fig. 4, a schematic representation of several waveforms of the pulse signals generated by the pulse module 130 according to an embodiment of this application is shown. As shown in Figure (a) of Fig. 4, the rectifier and filter module 132 adjusts the pulse signal to a sinusoidal pulse signal under the action of the waveform conversion circuit; or, as shown in Figure (b) of Fig. 4, the rectifier and filter module 132 adjusts the pulse signal to a triangular pulse signal under the action of the waveform conversion circuit; or, as shown in Figure (c) of Fig. 4, the rectifier and filter module 132 adjusts the pulse signal to a square pulse signal under the action of the waveform conversion circuit; or, as shown in Figure (d) of Fig. As shown in Figure 4, the rectifier and filter module 132 adjusts the pulse signal to a rectangular pulse signal under the action of the waveform conversion circuit. When the pulse signal is a sinusoidal pulse signal, the current of the pulse signal can be changed slowly, making the current of the pulse signal easier to control. When the pulse signal is a triangular wave pulse signal, the pulse signal can reach its peak in a very short time, which greatly improves the efficiency of the pulse signal in supplying power to the starting power supply module 140. When the pulse signal is a square pulse signal or a rectangular pulse signal, the amplitude of the pulse signal remains constant throughout the cycle, the waveform is stable, and the pulse signal charges the starting power supply module 140 more stably.

[0036] In some implementations, when the state of charge of the starting power supply module 140 is relatively low (for example, the SOC of the starting power supply module 140 is less than or equal to 30%) and may be in a state of charge, the rectifier and filter module 132 may also filter out the reverse discharge pulse current signal during the charging process of the starting power supply module 140. For example, the Fig. The plurality of pulse signals shown in Figure 4 are generated by filtering the backward discharge pulse current signal.

[0037] It is understood that the pulse module 130 will not charge the starting power module 140 if the control circuit shuts down the circuit. In this case, the starting power module 140 may enter a reverse discharge state due to the circuit shutdown and generate a discharge pulse current. The rectifier and filter module 132 described in the present application filters out these reverse discharge pulse current signals to prevent the starting power module 140 from discharging and thereby decreasing its state of charge (SOC).

[0038] In some other implementations, the rectifier and filter module 132 may also filter out the forward charging pulse current signals when the starting power supply module 140 is in the fully charged state (in this case, the waveform diagram of the pulse signals is opposite to that shown in Fig. 4). It is understandable that some starting power modules 140 may still fail to start at low or extremely low temperatures, even when fully charged (the SOC of the starting power module 140 is 100%). In this embodiment of the present application, the pulse module 130, under the action of the rectifier and filter module 132, can filter out the forward charging pulse signals, causing the starting power module 140 to generate reverse discharging pulse signals. During this process, the reverse discharging pulse signals will heat the starting power module 140, which can improve the cold-cranking capability of the starting power module 140.

[0039] It is understood that the current limiting module 133 may include, but is not limited to, components such as resistors, diodes, transistors, inductors, and other components. The current limiting module 133 is configured to control the current parameters of the pulse signal to prevent the current voltage of the starting power supply module 140 from exceeding the upper limit of its charging voltage. Furthermore, when the current voltage of the starting power supply module 140 is below the upper limit of its charging voltage, the current limiting module 133 may maintain the current rate of the starting power supply module 140 between 3°C and 10°C. For example, the current rate of the starting power supply module 140 may be 3°C, 4°C, 5°C, 6°C, 7°C, 8°C, 9°C, and 10°C.In the solution for charging the starting power module 140 with direct current in the technology in question, the current rate is generally limited to less than 0.1C to prevent lithium precipitation, and the current is relatively low, which makes the direct current charging rate too slow. In the present application, the starting power module 140 is charged by a pulse signal, and the current rate of the starting power module 140 can be up to 3C to 10C and further up to 5C to 10C. For example, the current rate of the starting power module 140 can be 5C, 6C, 7C, 8C, 9C, 10C. With the solution of the embodiment of the present application, the charging speed can be significantly increased, the temperature of the starting power module 140 can be increased, and the cold start capability of the starting power module 140 at low temperatures can be improved.As the SOC of the starting power supply module 140 increases, the charging current of the pulse signals should be reduced to prevent the current voltage of the starting power supply module 140 from exceeding its maximum charging voltage.

[0040] The pulse module 130 in this embodiment of the present application can limit the parameters of the pulse signals, such as frequency, duty cycle, waveform, and current, through the mutual cooperation of the switch control module 131, the rectifier and filter module 132, and the current limiting module 133. This allows the pulse signals to achieve better charging and heating of the starting power supply module 140, which significantly improves the cold-start capability of the starting power supply module 140.

[0041] See Fig. 5, which is a second structural schematic view of the cold start system 100 provided by the present application. The cold start system 100 also includes a power distribution module 150.

[0042] The power distribution module 150 is electrically connected between the main power supply module 110 and the conversion module 120. The power distribution module 150 is configured to distribute the electrical signal provided by the main power supply module 110 to the conversion module 120. In some implementations, the power distribution module 150 may be a high-voltage distribution box, and the power distribution module 150 may be responsible for distributing and managing the power of the main power supply module 110. The power of the main power supply module 110 may be transmitted to the conversion module 120 via the high-voltage distribution box.

[0043] It is understood that the power distribution module 150 may distribute a portion of the electrical power of the main power module 110 to the conversion module 120 to generate a pulse signal and enable charging of the starting power module 140. In other implementations, the power distribution module 150 may also distribute other electrical power of the main power module 110 to other modules, for example, the power pack 300, such as the generator and motor of the electric vehicle 10.

[0044] It is understood that the power distribution module 150 may be an existing component in the electric vehicle 10, that is, the cold start system 100 of the present application can reuse the existing components in the electric vehicle 10, thereby simplifying the structure of the cold start system 100 and also reducing the production cost.

[0045] The cold start system 100 of the embodiment of the present application includes a power distribution module 150 that enables the management and distribution of electrical power from the main power supply module 110 to meet the power needs of various modules.

[0046] Based on the structure of the above-mentioned cold start system 100, the cold start system 100 of the present application can overcome the bottlenecks of low-voltage batteries such as 12V starter batteries at low temperatures and further promote the development of alternative energy vehicles. Compared with the heating film heating solution and the DC charging solution in the related technology, the cold start system 100 of the present application uses a pulse charging method, which can increase the charging current of the 12V starter battery 11 (i.e., the starting power supply module 140) by more than ten times at low temperatures and then quickly increase the temperature and SOC of the 12V starter battery, thereby improving the cold start capability of the 12V starter battery.Furthermore, the cold start system 100 of the present application is capable of utilizing the main power supply module 110 of the high-voltage traction battery module of the electric vehicle 10 to charge the starting power supply module 140. The cold start system 100 does not require an external power supply, which greatly improves the applicability of the cold start system 100.

[0047] Accordingly, an exemplary embodiment of the present application further describes a cold start method applied to the cold start system. The cold start method includes: providing a first electrical signal via a main power supply module;

[0048] Converting the first electrical signal into a second electrical signal by means of a conversion module, wherein a voltage value of the second electrical signal is smaller than a voltage value of the first electrical signal;

[0049] Converting the second electrical signal into a pulse signal by means of a pulse module;

[0050] Receiving the pulse signal by means of a starting power supply module so that the starting power supply module is operated under the influence of the pulse signal.

[0051] In some implementations, the cold start method of the embodiment of the present application further includes:

[0052] Converting the second electrical signal into a pulse signal by switching a switch control module between an open state and a closed state;

[0053] Adjusting the waveform of the pulse signal using the rectifier and filter module;

[0054] Controlling the current parameter of the pulse signal by the current limiting module so that the voltage of the starting power supply module does not exceed the upper voltage limit.

[0055] Based on the cold start system 100 mentioned above, Fig. 6, which is a first structural schematic view of an electric vehicle 10 provided by the present application. The embodiment of the present application also provides an electric vehicle 10 including the cold start system 100 of any of the above-mentioned embodiments. The cold start system 100 can convert the high-voltage signal provided by the main power supply module 110 into a low-voltage signal by the conversion module 120, and the low-voltage signal is converted into a pulse signal by the pulse module 130. Finally, the starting power supply module 140 is charged using the pulse signal to improve the cold start capability of the starting power supply module 140.

[0056] This is done on Fig.7, which is a second structural schematic view of an electric vehicle 10 provided by the present application. In addition to the cold start system 100, the electric vehicle 10 may further include a starting device 200 and a power plant 300.

[0057] The starting device 200 is electrically connected to the starting power supply module 140, and the starting device 200 is configured to operate under the influence of the electrical energy provided by the starting power supply module 140. The starting device 200 may be on-board electronics of the electric vehicle 10, which includes at least one of the following elements: on-board entertainment system, lighting system, and instrument panel system. The starting power supply module 140, for example the 12V starter battery, may provide electrical energy to systems such as the on-board entertainment system, the lighting system, and the instrument panel system. The starting device 200 also includes a starting system for the drive unit 300. The main power supply module 110 (i.e., the drive battery) of the electric vehicle typically does not directly act on the drive unit 300 to start the vehicle.Instead, the starting system of the drive unit 300 is supplied with power by the starting power supply module 140. The main power supply module 110 then acts on the drive unit 300 to start the engine or activate the electric motor.

[0058] The drive unit 300 is electrically connected to at least one of the following modules: main power supply module 110 and power distribution module 150.

[0059] The power pack 300, under the action of the main power supply module 110, provides driving power to the electric vehicle 10. The power pack 300 may be an engine or an electric motor of the electric vehicle 10. In some implementations, the main power supply module 110 may be directly electrically connected to the power pack 300 and supply power to the power pack 300. In other implementations, the power pack 300 may also be electrically connected to the power distribution module 150, and the power distribution module 150 may properly distribute the electrical power of the main power supply module 110 to the power pack 300. In still other implementations, the power pack 300 may be electrically connected to both the main power supply module 110 and the power distribution module 150. The embodiments of the present application are not limiting.

[0060] It is understood that the main power supply module 110, the power distribution module 150, the conversion module 120, and the starting power supply module 140 of the present application may be structures of the electric vehicle 10. The main power supply module 110, as a high-voltage traction battery module, can supply power to the drive unit 300 such as the engine and electric motor of the electric vehicle 10, and can also charge the starting power supply module 140 of the cold start system 100. The power distribution module 150 can distribute the electrical power of the main power supply module 110 to the conversion module 120 and be configured to realize the cold start function of the starting power supply module 140, and the power distribution module 150 can also distribute the electrical power of the main power supply module 110 to the drive unit 300 to realize the starting of the electric vehicle 10.The conversion module 120 converts the high-voltage signal provided by the main power supply module 110 into a low-voltage signal that can provide power to other modules of the electric vehicle 10 and can also provide power to the starting power supply module 140 of the cold start system 100. The starting power supply module 140 can function as the low-voltage starting system of the electric vehicle and can also serve as a component of the cold start system 100 and is charged by the main power supply module 110.

[0061] It should be noted that the above merely represents an exemplary description of the electric vehicle 10 in the embodiments of this application. The electric vehicle 10 may also include other components, such as, but not limited to, the vehicle frame, tires, the instrument panel, the steering wheel, the main control system, and other structures. These are not further detailed in this application.

[0062] The electric vehicle 10 of the embodiment of the present application can use the main power supply module 110 of the high-voltage traction battery module of the electric vehicle 10 to pulse-charge the starting power supply module 140, thereby rapidly improving the cold-start capability of the starting power supply module 140 and enabling cold starting of the electric vehicle 10 at low temperatures. Furthermore, the solution of the present application is safer than the heating film solution. At the same time, the cold-start system 100 of the present application does not require an external power supply, which greatly improves the applicability of the cold-start system 100 and makes the electric vehicle run smoother.

[0063] It is understood that in the description of this application, terms such as "first", "second", etc. are used only to distinguish similar objects and cannot be understood as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features specified.

Claims

[1] A cold start system (100), characterized by that the cold start system (100) comprises: a main power supply module (110) configured to provide a first electrical signal; a conversion module (120) electrically connected to the main power supply module (110), the conversion module (120) configured to convert the first electrical signal into a second electrical signal, wherein a voltage value of the second electrical signal is smaller than a voltage value of the first electrical signal; a pulse module (130) electrically connected to the conversion module (120), the pulse module (130) configured to convert the second electrical signal into a pulse signal; a starting power supply module (140) electrically connected to the pulse module (130), the starting power supply module (140) being configured to receive the pulse signal to operate under the influence of the pulse signal. [2] Cold start system (100) according to claim 1, characterized by that the pulse module (130) comprises: a switch control module (131) electrically connected to the conversion module (120), the switch control module (131) configured to switch between an open state and a closed state to convert the second electrical signal into the pulse signal; a rectifier and filter module (132) electrically connected to the switch control module (131), the rectifier and filter module (132) being configured to adjust a waveform of the pulse signal; and a current limiting module (133) electrically connected to the rectifier and filter module (132), wherein the current limiting module (133) is configured to control a current parameter of the pulse signal such that a voltage of the starting power supply module (140) does not exceed an upper voltage limit. [3] The cold start system (100) according to claim 2, characterized by in that the switch control module (131) comprises a switching circuit and a control circuit, wherein the control circuit is connected to the switching circuit and the conversion module (120), respectively; wherein the control circuit is configured to control opening and closing of the switching circuit to convert the second electrical signal into the pulse signal. [4] Cold start system (100) according to claim 3, characterized by that the control circuit is further configured to control a frequency of opening and closing of the circuit. [5] Cold start system (100) according to claim 3 or 4, characterized by that the control circuit is further configured to control an interval between the opening and closing of the circuit in order to control a duty cycle of the pulse signal. [6] Cold start system (100) according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized by that the switch control module (131) is configured to regulate the frequency of the pulse signal to a value between 100 Hz and 1500 Hz. [7] Cold start system (100) according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized by that the switch control module (131) is configured to regulate the frequency of the pulse signal to a value between 300 Hz and 900 Hz. [8] Cold start system (100) according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized by that the switch control module (131) is configured to regulate the duty cycle of the pulse signal between 1:5 and 1:

1. [9] Cold start system (100) according to one of claims 2 to 8, characterized by that the rectifier and filter module (132) is configured to set the pulse signal to a sinusoidal pulse signal, a triangular pulse signal, a square pulse signal or a rectangular pulse signal. [10] Cold start system (100) according to one of claims 2 to 9, characterized byin that the rectifier and filter module (132) is configured to filter a reverse discharge pulse current signal when the starting power supply module (140) is in a charging state, the reverse discharge pulse current signal generated by the starting power supply module (140) due to reverse discharge upon circuit shutdown; wherein the rectifier and filter module (132) is also configured to filter the forward charging pulse current signal when the starting power supply module (140) is in a fully charged state. [11] Cold start system (100) according to one of claims 2 to 9, characterized by that the current limiting module (133) is configured to regulate the current parameter of the pulse signal such that the current rate of the starting energy supply module (140) is between 3 C and 10 C. [12] The cold start system (100) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized bythat the cold start system (100) further comprises: a power distribution module (150) electrically connected between the main power supply module (110) and the conversion module (120), wherein the power distribution module (150) is configured to distribute the electrical signal provided by the main power supply module (110) to the conversion module (120). [13] Electric vehicle (10), characterized by that the electric vehicle (10) comprises the cold start system (100) according to one of claims 1 to 12. [14] The electric vehicle (10) according to claim 13, characterized by that the electric vehicle (10) further comprises: a starting device (200) electrically connected to the starting power supply module (140), the starting device (200) being configured to operate under the influence of an electrical signal provided by the starting power supply module (140); and a drive unit (300) electrically connected to the main power supply module (110), wherein the drive unit (300) is configured to provide a driving force for the electric vehicle (10) under the action of the main power supply module (110).

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