Instrument for taking body fluids, especially blood

Abstract

Medical instrument for taking body fluid, in particular blood, comprising a device (2) for puncturing and / or incising and a hollow body (3) for receiving the body fluid, which has an opening (4) for receiving the body fluid, characterized in that the puncturing and / or incising device (2) is arranged at least partially in the hollow body (3).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a medical instrument for taking body fluid, in particular blood, which comprises a device for puncture and / or incision and a hollow body for receiving the body fluid, which has an opening for receiving the body fluid.

[0002] Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for taking body fluid, in particular blood.

[0003] Such medical instruments are known through use, for example in the form of commercially available syringes.

[0004] The invention is based on the object of creating an instrument for the removal of body fluids by means of which further applications can be carried out.

[0005] According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the puncture and / or incision device is arranged at least partially in the hollow body.

[0006] To collect body fluids, the hollow body is placed with the receiving opening against a surface intended for the collection of body fluids, especially skin, and the surface is opened using the puncture and / or incision device. Body fluid escaping from the opening can be collected into the hollow body.

[0007] It is possible to take body fluids from surfaces that are difficult to see and / or reach, particularly from body orifices.

[0008] The instrument according to the invention can advantageously be used to collect blood from a fetus. For this purpose, the instrument is inserted vaginally and the receiving opening is placed on the fetal scalp in such a way that the receiving opening is closed. The fetal scalp is opened using the puncture and / or incision device, and the blood emerging from the scalp is collected into the hollow body, preventing the blood sample from being contaminated by amniotic fluid, meconium, and / or other substances.

[0009] The puncture and / or incision device expediently comprises a puncture and / or incision means for opening the surface and preferably a support therefor. The puncture and / or incision means is preferably a needle, in particular a hollow needle, a scalpel, or a lancet. The support can be a hollow or solid body, in particular a tube or a rod.

[0010] In one embodiment of the invention, the puncture and / or incision device is movable relative to the hollow body, in particular in the direction of a longitudinal axis of the hollow body.

[0011] In one embodiment of the invention, the puncture and / or incision means is movable through the receiving opening, preferably in the direction out of the hollow body and / or into the hollow body.

[0012] Advantageously, the hollow body is tubular at least in sections, preferably completely.

[0013] In one embodiment of the invention, the instrument has a cavity seal, in particular an annular sealing element, for sealing the space between the hollow body and the puncture and / or incision device, which is for collecting the body fluid.

[0014] The cavity seal is expediently held, in particular attached, to the puncture and / or incision device. Preferably, the cavity seal is movable relative to the hollow body, and particularly preferably, it can slide sealingly against an inner wall of the hollow body.

[0015] The receiving opening is expediently designed such that the edge of the receiving opening can be tightly pressed against the surface. Preferably, the hollow body has an opening seal, in particular a sealing lip or a sealing ring, that covers the receiving opening. This prevents substances contaminating the body fluid from entering the hollow body.

[0016] In one embodiment of the invention, a puncture and / or incision position is provided for the instrument, in which the puncture and / or incision device protrudes from the receiving opening. In this puncture and / or incision position, the surface can be opened.

[0017] Conveniently, an application and / or suction position is provided in which the puncture and / or incision device is completely located within the hollow body. In this application and / or suction position, the instrument can be positioned on the surface or the body fluid can be suctioned into the hollow body.

[0018] Advantageously, the fact that the puncture and / or incision means is arranged in the hollow body can prevent injuries, for example when inserting the instrument into a body opening.

[0019] The body fluid can be sucked into the hollow body when the instrument is moved from the puncture and / or incision position to the application and / or suction position. The cavity seal moves with the instrument, increasing the volume of the space between the hollow body and the puncture and / or incision device, and creating a vacuum under which the fluid is sucked into the space.

[0020] In one embodiment of the invention, the instrument has a position-changing means by means of which it can be moved, preferably automatically, from the puncture and / or incision position into the application and / or suction position and / or from the application and / or suction position into the puncture and / or incision position.

[0021] In one embodiment of the invention, the position-changing means comprises a return means which is connected to the hollow body and the puncture and / or incision device.

[0022] The return means is expediently formed from an elastically deformable body, preferably a spring, particularly preferably a helical spring.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the return means is arranged such that it is deflected from the rest position in the puncture and / or incision position.

[0024] The instrument expediently has a stop for limiting the movement of the puncture and / or incision device on the hollow body, preferably in the direction out of the hollow body.

[0025] This allows for a maximum length to be provided by which the puncture and / or incision device, in particular the puncture and / or incision means, protrudes from the hollow body, in particular the receiving opening. When used for blood sampling from the fetus, injury to the skull is advantageously avoided. The maximum length is expediently 5 mm at most, preferably 2 mm at most, and particularly preferably 1 mm at most.

[0026] In one embodiment of the invention, the instrument is provided such that the maximum length is adjustable, in particular continuously. Advantageously, the puncture and / or incision device comprises a device for adjusting the maximum length. The adjustment device is expediently provided such that the total length of the puncture and / or incision device, in particular the length of the support, is adjustable. Advantageously, a maximum length of between 0.01 mm and 5 mm, preferably between 0.1 mm and 2 mm, particularly preferably between 0.1 mm and 1 mm, can be set by means of the adjustment device.

[0027] In one embodiment of the invention, the puncture and / or incision device has an end piece that forms the stop, particularly when in contact with the hollow body. Alternatively, the stop is formed by the return means, particularly deflected from the rest position.

[0028] Advantageously, the stop rests against the hollow body when the instrument is in the puncture and / or incision position.

[0029] Advantageously, the end piece is arranged at an end of the carrier facing away from the puncture and / or incision means. In particular, the end piece could be designed such that it protrudes completely or at least partially from the hollow body and, in particular, has a circumference that is larger than the inner diameter of the hollow body, at least in sections.

[0030] The invention will be further explained below with reference to an embodiment and the accompanying drawings relating to this embodiment. They show: Fig. 1 an instrument according to the invention for taking blood, Fig. 2 an instrument according to Fig. 1 in a puncture and / or incision position, Fig. 3 a part of the instrument Fig. 1, Fig. 4 another part of the instrument Fig. 1, and Fig. 5 use of the instrument after Fig. 1 on a fetus.

[0031] Fig. 1 shows a medical instrument 1 according to the invention for withdrawing body fluid, which comprises a tubular hollow body 3 and a puncture and / or incision device 2 arranged in the hollow body 3.

[0032] As in particular Fig. As shown in Figure 3, the hollow body 3 has an opening 4 for receiving the body fluid. In the exemplary embodiment, the hollow body 3 has a circular base, which could alternatively be oval, square, or polygonal in shape. A sealing lip 5 is arranged at the opening 4. Instead of the sealing ring 5, a sealing lip could be provided.

[0033] The puncture and / or incision device 2 is individually in Fig. 4. It comprises a rod-shaped carrier 6, at one end of which a puncture and / or incision device 7 is arranged, and at the other end of which an end piece 10 is arranged. The puncture and / or incision device 7 is a lancet in the exemplary embodiment, but could, for example, be a needle, a hollow needle, or a scalpel.

[0034] In a further embodiment of the invention, the puncture and / or incision device 2 has an adjustment device 15 for continuously adjusting the total length of the carrier 6 by means of a thread. This allows a maximum length by which the puncture and / or incision device 7 protrudes from the hollow body 3 to be set between 0.01 mm and 5 mm.

[0035] To close the space between the hollow body 3 and the puncture and / or incision device 2, the instrument 1 has a cavity seal 8 attached to the puncture and / or incision device 2, which can be formed by a sealing ring. Body fluid entering the interior of the hollow body 3 through the receiving opening 4 can be collected in this space.

[0036] Furthermore, the instrument 1 comprises a helical spring 9, which is connected to the hollow body 3 and the puncture and / or incision device 2. Instead of the helical spring 9, a different type of spring or a body made of an elastomer, in particular a rubber band or a rubber ring, could be provided as a return means.

[0037] Fig. 2 shows the instrument 1 in a puncture and / or incision position, in which the puncture and / or incision means 7 protrudes beyond the receiving opening 4 from the hollow body 3. The end piece 10 abuts the hollow body 3 in the puncture and / or incision position, so that the puncture and / or incision means 7 protrudes from the receiving opening 4 by a maximum of 2 mm.

[0038] In Fig. 5 shows the instrument 1 vaginally inserted for blood sampling in various positions on a head 12 of a fetus. Fig. As shown in Figure 5a, the instrument 1 is first placed with the sealing lip 5 on the scalp of the fetus.

[0039] Subsequently, by actuating the end piece 10 in the direction of the hollow body 3, the puncture and / or incision device 2 is moved towards the fetus 13 such that the puncture and / or incision means 7 opens the scalp of the fetus. As soon as the instrument 1 is in the puncture and / or incision position, the puncture and / or incision means 7 has reached the intended maximum length with which the puncture and / or incision means 7 protrudes from the receiving opening 4 and the puncture and / or incision device 2 is in abutment against the hollow body 3. Furthermore, the cavity seal 8 is moved by the movement of the puncture and / or incision device 2, thereby reducing the volume of the sample chamber 11 (cf. Fig. 5b).

[0040] Subsequently, the helical spring 9 exerts a restoring force and automatically moves the puncture and / or incision device 7 away from the scalp. The cavity seal 8 is also moved, the volume of the sample chamber 11 increases, and a negative pressure is created, which draws blood 13 emerging from the scalp into the sample chamber 11 (see Fig. Fig. 5c).

[0041] Instead of moving the puncture and / or incision means 7 and the cavity seal 8 away from the scalp by means of the coil spring 9, they could also be moved manually.

[0042] After the instrument 1 has been removed from the fetus, as in Fig. 5d, the collected blood 13 is taken from the sample chamber 11 by means of a capillary 14.

Claims

[1] Medical instrument for taking body fluid, in particular blood, comprising a device (2) for puncture and / or incision and a hollow body (3) for receiving the body fluid, which has an opening (4) for receiving the body fluid, characterized by that the puncture and / or incision device (2) is at least partially arranged in the hollow body (3). [2] Instrument according to claim 1, characterized by that the puncture and / or incision device (2) is movable relative to the hollow body (3), in particular in the direction of a longitudinal axis of the hollow body (3). [3] Instrument according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by that the puncture and / or incision device (2) is movable through the receiving opening (4), in particular in the direction out of the hollow body (3). [4] Instrument according to claim 3, characterized by , characterized bya stop for limiting the movement of the puncture and / or incision device (2) in the hollow body (3), preferably at least in the direction out of the hollow body (3). [5] Instrument according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by that the instrument (1) has a cavity seal (8) for sealing the space between the hollow body (3) and the puncture and / or incision device (2). [6] Instrument according to claim 5, characterized by that the cavity seal (8) is held, in particular fastened, to the puncture and / or incision device (2). [7] Instrument according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized bythat the puncture and / or incision device (2) has a means (7) for puncture and / or incision, which protrudes from the receiving opening (4) in a puncture and / or incision position of the instrument (1) and / or is arranged completely in the hollow body (3) in an application and / or suction position of the instrument (1). [8] Instrument according to claim 7, characterized by a means (9) for changing the position of the instrument (1) from the puncture and / or incision position to the application and / or suction position and / or from the application and / or suction position to the puncture and / or incision position. [9] Instrument according to claim 8, characterized by that the position changing means (9) has a return means, in particular a spring, for automatically moving the puncture and / or incision device (2) into the application and / or suction position. [10] Instrument according to claim 9, characterized bythat the return means, in particular the spring, is deflected from its rest position in the puncture and / or incision position of the instrument (1). [11] Instrument according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized by that the puncture and / or incision device (2) has a device (15) for, in particular continuously, adjusting the maximum length with which the puncture and / or incision device (2), in particular the puncture and / or incision means (7), protrudes from the hollow body (3), in particular from the receiving opening (4).

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