System for the co-combustion of solid waste in a ZWS boiler of a coal-fired power plant

Abstract

A system for the co-combustion of solid waste in a co-combustion boiler of a coal-fired power plant, characterized in that it comprises a pre-treatment module (1) for solid waste, a feed module (2), a co-combustion boiler body (3), a material circulation module (4), and a control module for combustion optimization; wherein the pre-treatment module (1) for solid waste is designed for shredding, drying, and screening the solid waste so that its particle size and moisture content meet the requirements for co-combustion in the co-combustion boiler; wherein the feed module (2) is connected to the pre-treatment module (1) for solid waste and is designed for transporting the pre-treated solid waste and the coal in a defined ratio into the co-combustion boiler body (3); wherein the co-combustion boiler body (3) comprises a combustion chamber (31), an air distribution plate (32), and an air chamber (33); wherein a dense phase region and a thin phase region are provided in the combustion chamber (31);wherein the material circulation module (4) comprises a separator (41) and a recirculation device (42), wherein the separator (41) is provided at the outlet of the combustion chamber (31) and is designed for separating solid particles in the flue gas, and the recirculation device (42) is connected to the separator (41) and the bottom of the combustion chamber (31) and is designed for recirculating the separated solid particles in the combustion chamber (31); wherein the control module for combustion optimization is electrically connected to the solid waste pretreatment module (1), the feed module (2), the ZWS boiler body (3) and / or the material circulation module (4), and is designed for continuously adjusting the solid pretreatment parameters, the feed ratio, and the material circulation quantity according to the operating parameters of the ZWS boiler.

Description

Technical area

[0001] The present utility model relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, in particular a system for the co-incineration of solid waste in a ZWS boiler of a coal-fired power plant. Background technology

[0002] Circulating fluidized bed boilers (abbreviated as CFBs) are characterized by broad fuel compatibility, high combustion efficiency, and low pollutant emissions. Their unique gas-solid waste two-phase combustion properties make them ideal for co-firing solid waste in coal-fired power plants. Given the rapid growth in solid waste production from industry and households, the question of how to efficiently and environmentally friendly co-firing solid waste in CFBs to reduce waste volume, protect the environment, and improve resource utilization has become a crucial issue for coal-fired power plants.

[0003] Conventional ZWS boilers face the following technical difficulties when co-combusting solid waste: particle size, moisture content and composition of different types of solid waste are complex and variable, which directly affects combustion stability.

[0004] Existing pretreatment plants cannot accurately control the material parameters to meet the combustion requirements of ZWS boilers; the accuracy of the coal-to-solid waste feed ratio adjustment is low and cannot be dynamically optimized according to the real-time operating condition of the boiler, which can easily lead to reduced combustion efficiency or excessive pollutant emissions; the insufficient separation performance of the separator and the delayed adjustment of the recirculation device result in uneven material concentration and heat distribution in the combustion chamber, which impairs combustion efficiency and the service life of the plant;The lack of intelligent, multi-parameter coupled control algorithms makes it difficult to coordinate the synergistic operation of pretreatment, feeding, material circulation and other connections, and the advantages of co-combustion in ZWS boilers cannot be fully exploited.

[0005] Furthermore, impurities and corrosive components in the solid waste can exacerbate wear and corrosion of components such as the dense-phase section of the combustion chamber and the separator. The existing plant design is not optimized for co-combustion conditions, which further limits the long-term stable operation of the co-combustion system. Therefore, it is urgently necessary to develop a dedicated co-combustion system tailored to the characteristics of ZWS boilers and to improve co-combustion efficiency and system reliability through the synergistic optimization of several components. Content of the utility model

[0006] To solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present utility model provides a system for the co-combustion of solid waste in a CWS boiler of a coal-fired power plant, through the close deep coupling and synergistic optimization of various functional modules of which the efficiency and stability of the co-combustion of solid waste in CWS boilers are significantly improved.

[0007] To achieve the aforementioned objectives, the present utility model provides a system for the co-combustion of solid waste in a co-combustion boiler of a coal-fired power plant, comprising a solid waste pretreatment module, a feed module, a co-combustion boiler body, a material circulation module, and a control module for combustion optimization; wherein the solid waste pretreatment module is designed to crush, dry, and screen the solid waste so that its particle size and moisture content meet the requirements for co-combustion in the co-combustion boiler; wherein the feed module is connected to the solid waste pretreatment module and is designed to transport the pre-treated solid waste and coal in a defined ratio into the co-combustion boiler body; wherein the co-combustion boiler body comprises a combustion chamber, an air distribution plate, and an air chamber; wherein a dense phase region and a thin phase region are provided in the combustion chamber;wherein the material circulation module comprises a separator and a recirculation device, the separator being located at the combustion chamber outlet and designed to separate solid particles from the flue gas, and the recirculation device being connected to the separator and the bottom of the combustion chamber and designed to return the separated solid particles to the combustion chamber; wherein the combustion optimization control module is electrically connected to the solid waste pretreatment module, the feed module, the ZWS boiler body, and the material circulation module and is designed to continuously adjust the solid waste pretreatment parameters, the feed ratio, and the material circulation quantity according to the operating parameters of the ZWS boiler.

[0008] Preferably, in a system for the co-incineration of solid waste in a combined heat and power (CHP) boiler of a coal-fired power plant described above, the solid waste pretreatment module comprises a crusher, a dryer, and a screening machine, wherein the crusher is designed to reduce the solid waste to a preset particle size, the dryer to reduce the moisture content of the solid waste, and the screening machine to screen the crushed and dried solid waste and to remove impurities. Preferably, in a system for the co-incineration of solid waste in a CHP boiler of a coal-fired power plant described above, the crusher is a reversible hammer crusher, the dryer is a drum dryer, and the screening machine is a vibratory screen.Preferably, in a system described above for the co-combustion of solid waste in a ZWS boiler of a coal-fired power plant, the feed module comprises a solid waste feeder and a coal feeder, and both the solid waste feeder and the coal feeder are speed-controlled belt scales capable of precisely controlling the feed quantity according to the instructions of the control module for combustion optimization.

[0009] Preferably, in a system described above for the co-combustion of solid waste in a ZWS boiler of a coal-fired power plant, the sealing phase area of ​​the combustion chamber is provided with a combustion protection belt, wherein the combustion protection belt is made of high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant cast material that is able to improve the fire resistance and wear resistance of the sealing phase area.

[0010] Preferably, in a system described above for the co-combustion of solid waste in a ZWS boiler of a coal-fired power plant, the separator is a high-temperature cyclone separator.

[0011] Preferably, in a system described above for the co-combustion of solid waste in a ZWS boiler of a coal-fired power plant, the recirculation device comprises a recirculation riser pipe and a recirculation valve, wherein the recirculation riser pipe is provided with a loosening air connection and the recirculation valve is a non-mechanical valve capable of automatically adjusting the recirculation quantity to the combustion chamber pressure and the material circulation quantity.

[0012] Preferably, in a system for the co-combustion of solid waste in a solid waste boiler of a coal-fired power plant described above, the combustion optimization control module comprises a data acquisition unit, a control algorithm unit, and an execution unit, wherein the data acquisition unit is designed to acquire operating parameters of the solid waste boiler such as bed temperature, bed pressure, live steam temperature, live steam pressure, flue gas composition, etc., the control algorithm unit processes the acquired operating parameters on the basis of fuzzy control and neural network algorithms to generate control instructions, and the execution unit adjusts the operating parameters of the solid waste pretreatment module, the feed module, and the material circulation module according to the control instructions.Preferably, in a system described above for the co-combustion of solid waste in a ZWS boiler of a coal-fired power plant, the data acquisition unit comprises temperature sensors, pressure sensors, flow sensors and a flue gas analyzer, wherein the temperature sensors are provided in the combustion chamber, the separator and the recirculation device, the pressure sensors are provided in the air chamber, the combustion chamber and the separator, the flow sensors are provided on the pipelines of the feed module and the material circulation module, and the flue gas analyzer is arranged on the flue gas duct at the rear end of the boiler.

[0013] Preferably, in a system for the co-combustion of solid waste in a CWS boiler of a coal-fired power plant as described above, it further comprises an ash and slag treatment module, wherein the ash and slag treatment module is connected to the CWS boiler body and the material circulation module and is designed to collect and treat the ash and slag driven out of the boiler; wherein the ash and slag treatment module comprises a slag cooler, a slag conveying line and an ash / slag silo, wherein the slag cooler is designed to cool the ash and slag and the slag conveying line is designed to convey the cooled ash and slag to the ash / slag silo.

[0014] Compared to the prior art, the present utility model has at least the following advantageous effects: The present utility model utilizes the system described above for the co-combustion of solid waste in a combined heat and power (CHP) boiler of a coal-fired power plant. The solid waste is precisely shredded, dried, and screened by a solid waste pretreatment module to ensure that particle size and moisture content precisely meet the requirements for co-combustion in the CHP boiler. This effectively prevents problems such as coking of the boiler bed and unstable combustion due to variations in material properties, and significantly improves the match between the fuel and the combustion environment in the combustion chamber. The screening process simultaneously removes non-combustible impurities, thereby reducing the risk of clogging the air distribution plate and creating a solid foundation for the long-term stable operation of the boiler.At the same time, the feed module, through intelligent control, enables a real-time connection between the solid waste and coal feed and is able to dynamically adjust the mixing ratio to the boiler's operating condition to ensure a stable fuel calorific value, allow flexible mixing of different types of solid waste and coal, adapt to complex and changing fuel conditions, and avoid a decrease in combustion efficiency or abnormal pollutant emissions due to an unbalanced ratio, thereby significantly improving the system's adaptability to multiple fuels and its control accuracy.Through the synergistic work of the separator and the recirculation device, the separation performance of solid particles and the sensitivity of the recirculation setting can be significantly improved, thereby ensuring the uniformity of material concentration and heat distribution in the combustion chamber; the intelligent combustion optimization system based on fuzzy control and neural network algorithms collects and processes boiler operating parameters in real time, dynamically adjusts pretreatment parameters, feed ratio and material circulation volume and forms a closed control loop for the entire process of pretreatment-feed-combustion-circulation.This control strategy is able to react quickly to load changes, maintain the combustion chamber temperature in the optimal combustion range, ensure comprehensive optimization of combustion efficiency and pollutant emissions and device safety under various operating conditions, thereby reducing the costs of manual interventions and improving the intelligent operating level of the system.

[0015] The synergistic action of the optimized high-temperature cyclone separator and the non-mechanical recirculation device significantly improves the separation efficiency of solid particles and the sensitivity of the recirculation adjustment. The high-temperature cyclone separator efficiently separates solid particles from the flue gas, while the non-mechanical recirculation device automatically adjusts the recirculation volume to the furnace pressure and material circulation volume to ensure a uniform material concentration and heat distribution in the combustion chamber.At the same time, the design of the return riser with loosening air design and the automatic adjustment function of the return valve effectively prevent blockages or uneven fluidization during the material circulation process, ensure stable material circulation between the dense phase area and the thin phase area, and improve the stability and continuity of the combustion process.

[0016] The combustion protection belt used in the sealing phase area of ​​the combustion chamber is made of high-temperature resistant and wear-resistant cast material, thereby specifically solving the problem of component wear caused by impurities and corrosive components during the co-combustion of solid waste, extending the service life of the refractory layer, reducing the frequency of shutdowns and maintenance, and lowering maintenance costs.

[0017] The ash and slag treatment module enables efficient cooling and collection of the ash and slag, thus creating favorable conditions for subsequent resource utilization. This design not only improves the operational reliability of the plant but also significantly increases its environmental friendliness.

[0018] In summary, the present utility model significantly improves the efficiency and stability of ZWS boilers in the co-combustion of solid waste through deep coupling and synergistic optimization of various functional modules, achieving comprehensive optimization of fuel adaptability, combustion efficiency, pollutant control, and plant reliability. Compared to conventional co-combustion solutions, this system is able to process solid waste from multiple sources more efficiently, reduce fuel consumption and operating costs, and simultaneously meet stringent emission requirements, thus providing important technical support to coal-fired power plants in utilizing waste resources and transitioning to green, low-carbon energy generation.

[0019] The technical solution of the present utility model is described in more detail below with reference to the attached figures and examples of embodiment. Figures Fig. Figure 1 is a schematic representation of the overall structure of a system for the co-combustion of solid waste in a ZWS boiler of a coal-fired power plant according to the present utility model; Fig. Figure 2 is a schematic representation of the cross-sectional structure of a ZWS boiler body of a system for the co-combustion of solid waste in a ZWS boiler of a coal-fired power plant according to the present utility model; Fig. Figure 3 is a schematic representation of the operating principle of a control module for combustion optimization of a system for co-combustion of solid waste in a ZWS boiler of a coal-fired power plant according to the present utility model.

[0020] Reference symbols in the figures: 1. Pretreatment module for solid waste; 11. Crusher; 12. Dryer; 13. Screening machine; 2. Feed module; 3. ZWS boiler body; 31. Furnace; 32. Air distribution plate; 33. Wind chamber; 34. Fire protection belt; 4. Material circulation module; 41. Separator; 42. Return device; 5. Ash treatment module; 51. Ash cooler; 52. Slag conveying line; 53. Ash container. Specific embodiments

[0021] For a better understanding of the above technical solution, it is described in detail below with reference to the attached figures and specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of this utility model and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments that general technical personnel obtain without creative effort fall within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0022] The terms used in this utility model serve only to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. The singular forms "a", "the", and "this" used in the embodiments of this utility model and the accompanying claims are intended to include the plural forms, and "a multitude" generally comprises at least two, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0023] Furthermore, it should be noted that the terms "include," "contain," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that an article or device containing a list of elements may contain not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent in such article or device. Without further restrictions, an element defined by the phrase "includes..." does not preclude the existence of other identical elements in the article or device that includes the element.

[0024] As in Fig. 1 and Fig.As shown in Figure 2, the present utility model provides a system for the co-combustion of solid waste in a ZWS boiler of a coal-fired power plant, comprising a pre-treatment module 1 for solid waste, a feed module 2, a ZWS boiler body 3, a material circulation module 4 and a control module for combustion optimization; wherein the pretreatment module 1 for solid waste is designed to crush, dry and sieve the solid waste so that its particle size and moisture content meet the requirements for co-combustion in the ZWS boiler; wherein the feed module 2 is connected to the pretreatment module 1 for solid waste and is designed to transport the pretreated solid waste and the coal in a defined ratio into the ZWS boiler body; wherein the ZWS boiler body 3 comprises a combustion chamber 31, an air distribution plate 32 and an air chamber 33; wherein a dense phase region and a thin phase region are provided in the combustion chamber; wherein the material circulation module 4 comprises a separator 41 and a recirculation device 42, wherein the separator 41 is provided at the outlet of the combustion chamber 31 and is designed to separate solid particles in the flue gas, and the recirculation device 42 is connected to the separator 41 and the bottom of the combustion chamber 31 and is designed to recirculate the separated solid particles in the combustion chamber; wherein the control module for combustion optimization is electrically connected to the pretreatment module 1 for solid waste, the feed module 2, the ZWS boiler body 3 and the material circulation module 4 and is designed for the continuous adjustment of the solid pretreatment parameters, the feed ratio and the material circulation quantity according to the operating parameters of the ZWS boiler.

[0025] In particular, the solid waste is first shredded, dried, and screened by the pretreatment module 1 to meet the requirements of the ZWS boiler regarding fuel particle size and moisture content; the feed module 2 transports the pretreated waste and coal proportionally to the combustion chamber according to the instructions of the combustion optimization control module; within the ZWS boiler body 3, the material is fluidized by the air distribution plate 32 and circulated and burned in the dense phase and thin phase regions; the separator 41 captures solid particles in the flue gas and returns them to the combustion chamber 31 via the recirculation device 42 to maintain material circulation; the combustion optimization control module monitors parameters such as bed temperature and bed pressure in real time and dynamically adjusts the pretreatment parameters, the feed ratio, and the material circulation volume to form a closed-loop control system.This creates a full-process co-combustion system to achieve coordination of the five main components: pretreatment, feeding, combustion, circulation and control, to solve the problem of mismatch between fluctuations in solid properties and co-combustion, and to provide a system solution for efficient and stable co-combustion.

[0026] To further optimize the above technical solution, the pretreatment module 1 for solid waste comprises a crusher 11, a dryer 12 and a screening machine 13, wherein the crusher 11 is designed to crush the solid waste to a preset particle size, the dryer 12 to reduce the moisture content of the solid waste and the screening machine 13 to screen the crushed and dried solid waste and to remove impurities.

[0027] It should be noted that the crusher 11 reduces the solid waste to a preset particle size, the dryer 12 reduces the moisture content through heat exchange, and the screening machine 13 uses vibration to screen out materials that meet the particle size requirements and separates impurities such as metals and stones. This three-stage pretreatment precisely controls the physical properties of the material, thereby eliminating the risk of bed clogging due to excessively large particles or reduced combustion efficiency due to excessive moisture content, and improving the operational reliability of the boiler by removing these impurities.

[0028] To further optimize the above technical solution, crusher 11 is a reversible hammer crusher, dryer 12 is a drum dryer, and screening machine 13 is a vibratory screen. In particular, the reversible hammer crusher achieves uniform crushing by using hammers rotating in both directions that strike the material at high frequency; the drum dryer uses hot flue gas to contact the material in a counterflow, thus reducing the moisture content through heat conduction and convective heat exchange; the vibratory screen separates materials of different particle sizes through screen vibration. Specialized equipment is adapted to the complex physical properties of solid waste and features high crushing efficiency, good drying uniformity, and high screening accuracy, thereby providing high-quality fuel for subsequent co-combustion.

[0029] To further optimize the above technical solution, the feed module 2 includes a solid waste feeder and a coal feeder, and both the solid waste feeder and the coal feeder are speed-controlled belt scales that are able to precisely control the feed quantity according to the instructions of the control module for combustion optimization.

[0030] It should be noted that the speed-regulating belt weigher adjusts the belt speed via the frequency conversion motor according to the instructions of the control module for combustion optimization and controls the feed rate of solid waste and coal in real time, with the ratio of the two being dynamically adjustable in the range of 0 to 30%, for example by automatically increasing or decreasing the waste feed rate when the boiler load changes. This achieves synchronous control of the accuracy of the two-component feed and ensures a stable fuel calorific value supply, thus avoiding bed temperature fluctuations due to ratio imbalances and improving combustion stability.

[0031] To further optimize the above technical solution, the sealing phase area of ​​the combustion chamber is provided with a combustion protection belt 34, wherein the combustion protection belt 34 is made of high temperature resistant and wear-resistant cast material which is able to improve the fire resistance and wear resistance of the sealing phase area.

[0032] In particular, high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant cast materials, such as corundum mullite, are used in the combustion protection belt 34 of the sealing phase area. These materials are bonded to the furnace wall by casting to form a dense protective layer that resists erosion and wear from highly concentrated material particles. This solves the problem of refractory wear in the sealing phase area of ​​ZWS boilers, which is caused by rapid material circulation and waste contamination, thus extending maintenance cycles and improving the reliability of the equipment.

[0033] To further optimize the above technical solution, separator 41 is a high-temperature cyclone separator, and the inlet angle and internal structure of the separator are optimized to improve the separation performance of solid particles.

[0034] It should be noted that the high-temperature cyclone separator sets the dust-laden flue gas into a spiral motion by optimizing the inlet angle and the guide vane structure, and separates particles ≥ 5 µm using centrifugal force; the separated particles pass through the return opening into the return device 42. This improves the fine particle capture capacity, increases the amount of circulating material in the combustion chamber, enhances the heat and mass transfer between gas and solids, promotes the complete combustion of solid waste, and reduces the carbon content of the fly ash.

[0035] To further optimize the above technical solution, the recirculation device 42 comprises a recirculation riser line and a recirculation valve, wherein the recirculation riser line is provided with a loosening air connection and the recirculation valve is a non-mechanical valve that is able to automatically adjust the recirculation quantity to the combustion chamber pressure and the material circulation quantity.

[0036] In particular, high-pressure air is introduced into the return riser via the aeration air connection to prevent material buildup; the non-mechanical return valve automatically adjusts its opening degree based on the pressure differential to maintain material equilibrium in response to changes in furnace pressure. This prevents blockages or uneven recirculation of the system, ensures a stable material concentration in the combustion chamber, and improves the response speed of the load control.

[0037] To further optimize the above technical solution, the combustion optimization control module comprises a data acquisition unit, a control algorithm unit, and an execution unit, wherein the data acquisition unit is designed to acquire operating parameters of the ZWS boiler, the control algorithm unit processes the acquired operating parameters based on fuzzy control and neural network algorithms to generate control instructions, and the execution unit adjusts the operating parameters of the solid waste pretreatment module, the feed module, and the material circulation module according to the control instructions.

[0038] It should be noted that the data acquisition unit records operating parameters such as bed temperature and O2 content in real time, the control algorithm unit generates control instructions through fuzzy logic and a neural network, and the execution unit drives the operation of the device. This enables intelligent control of multi-parameter coupling, rapid response to changes in operating conditions, coordination of the collaborative operation of different modules, avoidance of delays caused by manual intervention, and an improved level of system automation.

[0039] To further optimize the above technical solution, the data acquisition unit comprises temperature sensors, pressure sensors, flow sensors and a flue gas analyzer, wherein the temperature sensors are provided in the combustion chamber 31, the separator 41 and the recirculation device 42, the pressure sensors are arranged in the air chamber 33, the combustion chamber 31 and the separator 41, the flow sensors are provided on the pipelines of the feed module 2 and the material circulation module 4, and the flue gas analyzer is arranged on the flue gas duct at the rear end of the boiler.

[0040] In particular, the temperature sensor monitors the temperature of each area of ​​the combustion chamber 31, the pressure sensor measures the air pressure of the air chamber 33, the flow sensor measures the feed rate, and the flue gas analyzer monitors the pollutant concentration online, with the data being uploaded to the control module in real time. This creates a monitoring network for the entire system, ensuring that the control module obtains accurate real-time data, providing a reliable basis for combustion optimization, and preventing control deviations caused by parameter distortions.

[0041] To further optimize the above technical solution, the system also includes an ash and slag treatment module 5, wherein the ash and slag treatment module is connected to the ZWS boiler body 3 and the material circulation module 4 and is designed to collect and treat the ash and slag driven out of the boiler; wherein the ash and slag treatment module comprises a slag cooler 51, a slag conveying line 52 and an ash / slag silo 53, wherein the slag cooler 51 is designed to cool the ash and slag and the slag conveying line 52 is designed to convey the cooled ash and slag to the ash / slag silo 53.

[0042] It should be noted that the slag cooler 51 cools the high-temperature ash and slag to ≤ 100 °C by water or air cooling and sends it via the slag conveying line to the ash / slag silo for temporary storage to enable subsequent comprehensive use or treatment. This ensures safe cooling and efficient collection of the ash and slag, prevents damage to equipment from high-temperature ash, creates conditions for the utilization of ash resources, and improves the integrity of waste treatment.

[0043] Operating principle: The provided ZWS boiler mixing system is based on "pretreatment adaptation - precise feed - efficient circulation - intelligent control" as its main line and achieves the deep integration of solid waste and ZWS combustion properties: Front-end pretreatment: Through a three-stage process involving crushing, drying, and screening, solid waste with complex physical properties is converted into fuel that meets the requirements of the ZWS combustion process, thus solving the fuel compatibility problem from the source. Dynamic feed control: Dual-speed belt weighers adjust the coal-to-waste ratio in real time according to combustion optimization instructions, ensuring a stable feed of the fuel's calorific value and maintaining thermal equilibrium in the combustion chamber.

[0044] Enhanced material circulation: The high-temperature cyclone separator works in conjunction with the intelligent recirculation valve to continuously return the combusted material to the combustion chamber, creating a highly efficient "combustion-separation-recirculation" cycle that extends the material's residence time in the combustion chamber and promotes complete combustion. Intelligent combustion control: A fuzzy neural network control algorithm based on multi-sensor data optimizes pretreatment parameters, feed ratio, and recirculated material volume in real time to form a closed-loop control system that ensures combustion efficiency ≥ 98% under various loads and stable, standards-compliant pollutant emissions.

[0045] Reliable design of the device: The combustion protection belt of the sealing phase area improves wear resistance and the ash and slag treatment module ensures safe cooling and collection, thus guaranteeing long-term stable operation of the system.

[0046] In order to present the system for the co-combustion of solid waste in a ZWS boiler of a coal-fired power plant, provided by the present utility model, more clearly and in greater detail, a description is given below in conjunction with specific embodiments. Example 1

[0047] The present utility model provides a system for the co-combustion of solid waste in a combined heat and power (CHP) boiler of a coal-fired power plant. The system comprises a solid waste pretreatment module 1, a feed module 2, a CHP boiler body 3, a material circulation module 4, a control module for combustion optimization, and an ash and slag treatment module 5. The solid waste pretreatment module 1 includes a crusher 11, a dryer 12, and a screening machine 13. The crusher 11 is a reversible hammer crusher, and its hammers, rotating in both directions, strike the material at a high frequency, thus ensuring uniform crushing. The dryer 12 is a drum dryer that utilizes the counterflow between hot flue gas and the material to reduce the moisture content by heat conduction and convection.Screening machine 13 is a vibrating screen that filters the shredded and dried solid waste through a vibrating screen with a 2.5 mm mesh size to remove coarse impurities. Crusher 11 reduces the solid waste to a particle size of 0-50 mm, while dryer 12 regulates the moisture content to 10-20%.

[0048] Feed module 2 comprises a solid waste feeder and a coal feeder, both of which are speed-controlled belt weighers. The belt speed of the solid waste and coal feeders is 0-6 m / s. The feed rate can be precisely controlled according to the instructions of the control module for combustion optimization, and the ratio between the two can be dynamically adjusted within a range of 0-30%.

[0049] The ZWS boiler body 3 comprises a combustion chamber 31, an air distribution plate 32, and an air chamber 33. The combustion chamber 31 includes a dense phase zone and a thin phase zone. The dense phase zone features a fire protection strip 34 made of high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant corundum mullite material, which is bonded to the furnace wall by casting, forming a dense protective layer. The air distribution plate 32 is designed to distribute the airflow, and the air chamber 33 is designed to guide the airflow so that it is distributed evenly.

[0050] The material circulation module 4 comprises a separator 41 and a recirculation device 42. The separator 41 is a high-temperature cyclone separator with an inlet angle of 75° and an internal structure with a folded-sheet design to improve the separation efficiency of solid particles. A temperature sensor is provided at the inlet of the separator 41 to monitor the flue gas temperature in real time. The recirculation device 42 comprises a recirculation riser and a recirculation valve, the recirculation riser being equipped with a loosening air connection. The recirculation valve automatically adjusts the recirculation rate to the furnace pressure and the material circulation volume to prevent material build-up.

[0051] The combustion optimization control module comprises a data acquisition unit, a control algorithm unit, and an execution unit. The data acquisition unit includes temperature sensors, pressure sensors, flow sensors, and a flue gas analyzer, each located in the combustion chamber, separator, recirculation device, air chamber, and flue gas duct at the rear of the boiler. The control algorithm unit processes the acquired operating parameters using fuzzy logic and neural network algorithms to generate control instructions. Based on these control instructions, the execution unit drives the corresponding devices of the solid waste pretreatment module 1, the feed module 2, the ZWS boiler body 3, and the material circulation module 4 to operate.

[0052] The ash and slag treatment module 5 is connected to the ZWS boiler body 3 and the material circulation module 4 and comprises a slag cooler 51, a slag conveying line 52, and an ash / slag silo 53. The slag cooler 51 cools the high-temperature ash to ≤100°C using water cooling. The slag conveying line 52 transports the cooled ash and slag to the ash / slag silo 53 for intermediate storage. Example 2

[0053] This utility model provides a system for the co-combustion of solid waste in a combined heat and power (CHP) boiler of a coal-fired power plant. The system comprises a solid waste pretreatment module 1, a feed module 2, a CHP boiler body 3, a material circulation module 4, a control module for combustion optimization, and an ash and slag treatment module 5. The solid waste pretreatment module 1 includes a crusher 11, a dryer 12, and a screening machine 13. The crusher 11 is a reversible hammer crusher, and its hammers, rotating in both directions, strike the material at a high frequency, ensuring uniform crushing. The dryer 12 is a drum dryer that utilizes the counterflow between hot flue gas and the material to reduce the moisture content through heat conduction and convection.Screening machine 13 is a vibrating screen that filters the shredded and dried solid waste through a vibrating screen with a 3 mm mesh size to remove coarse impurities. Crusher 11 reduces the solid waste to a particle size of 10-60 mm, while dryer 12 regulates the moisture content to 8-18%.

[0054] Feed module 2 comprises a solid waste feeder and a coal feeder, both of which are speed-controlled belt weighers. The belt speed of the solid waste and coal feeders is 0-5 m / s. The feed rate can be precisely controlled according to the combustion optimization instructions of the control module, and the ratio between the two can be dynamically adjusted within a range of 5-25%.

[0055] The ZWS boiler body 3 comprises a combustion chamber 31, an air distribution plate 32, and an air chamber 33. The combustion chamber 31 includes a dense phase zone and a thin phase zone. The dense phase zone features a fire protection strip 34 made of high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant corundum mullite material, which is bonded to the furnace wall by casting, forming a dense protective layer. The air distribution plate 32 is designed to distribute the airflow, and the air chamber 33 is designed to guide the airflow so that it is distributed evenly.

[0056] The material circulation module 4 comprises a separator 41 and a recirculation device 42. The separator 41 is a high-temperature cyclone separator with an inlet angle of 70° and an internal structure with a folded-sheet design to improve the separation efficiency of solid particles. A temperature sensor is provided at the inlet of the separator 41 to monitor the flue gas temperature in real time. The recirculation device 42 comprises a recirculation riser and a recirculation valve, the recirculation riser being equipped with a loosening air connection. The recirculation valve automatically adjusts the recirculation rate to the furnace pressure and the material circulation volume to prevent material build-up.

[0057] The combustion optimization control module comprises a data acquisition unit, a control algorithm unit, and an execution unit. The data acquisition unit includes temperature sensors, pressure sensors, flow sensors, and a flue gas analyzer, each located in the combustion chamber, separator, recirculation device, air chamber, and flue gas duct at the rear of the boiler. The control algorithm unit processes the acquired operating parameters using fuzzy logic and neural network algorithms to generate control instructions. Based on these control instructions, the execution unit drives the corresponding devices of the solid waste pretreatment module 1, the feed module 2, the ZWS boiler body 3, and the material circulation module 4 to operate.

[0058] The ash and slag treatment module 5 is connected to the ZWS boiler body 3 and the material circulation module 4 and comprises a slag cooler 51, a slag conveying line 52, and an ash / slag silo 53. The slag cooler 51 cools the high-temperature ash to ≤100°C using air cooling. The slag conveying line 52 transports the cooled ash and slag to the ash / slag silo 53 for temporary storage.

[0059] Through the synergy effect of the above-mentioned connections, the system enables efficient, clean and stable co-combustion of solid waste in ZWS boilers, thereby overcoming the limitations of conventional co-combustion technology resulting from a lack of material adaptability, low control accuracy and fragile equipment, and providing an innovative technical solution for the resource utilization of waste in coal-fired power plants.

[0060] The present utility model therefore employs the system described above for the co-combustion of solid waste in a combined heat and power (CHP) boiler of a coal-fired power plant. Through combined pretreatment with a crusher, dryer, and screening machine, the particle size and moisture content of the solid waste are precisely controlled to meet the stringent fuel particle size and moisture requirements of the CHP boiler. This effectively prevents problems such as bed coking and unstable combustion caused by fluctuations in material properties and significantly improves the compatibility between the fuel and the furnace combustion environment. Simultaneously, the screening process removes non-combustible impurities, reduces the risk of clogging of the air distribution plate, and lays the foundation for long-term stable boiler operation.

[0061] Solid waste and coal feed are linked in real time via intelligent control, and the co-combustion ratio can be dynamically adjusted to the boiler's operating conditions to ensure a stable supply of the fuel's calorific value. This design supports the flexible co-combustion of various types of solid waste and coal, adapts to complex fuel operating conditions, prevents reduced combustion efficiency or abnormal pollutant emissions due to unbalanced ratios, and improves the system's adaptability to multiple fuels and its control accuracy. The synergistic action of the optimized high-temperature cyclone separator and the non-mechanical recirculation device significantly improves the separation efficiency of solid particles and the sensitivity of the recirculation adjustment, thus ensuring a uniform material concentration and heat distribution within the furnace.The design of the return riser with a loosening air design and the automatic adjustment function of the return valve effectively prevents blockages or uneven fluidization during the material circulation process, maintains stable material circulation between the dense phase area and the thin phase area, and improves the stability and continuity of the combustion process.

[0062] The intelligent combustion optimization system, based on fuzzy control and neural network algorithms, collects and processes boiler operating parameters in real time, dynamically adjusts pretreatment parameters, feed ratio, and material circulation volume, and forms a closed control loop for the entire pretreatment-feed-combustion-circulation process. This control strategy can react quickly to load changes, maintain the combustion chamber temperature within the optimal combustion range, and ensure comprehensive optimization of combustion efficiency, pollutant emissions, and equipment safety under various operating conditions, thereby reducing the costs of manual intervention and improving the intelligent operation of the system.The combustion protection belt used in the sealing phase area of ​​the combustion chamber is made of high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant cast material. This effectively solves the problem of component wear caused by impurities and corrosive substances during the co-combustion of solid waste, extends the service life of the refractory layer, and reduces the frequency of shutdowns and maintenance. The ash and slag treatment module ensures efficient cooling and collection of the ash and slag, thus creating the conditions for subsequent resource utilization. In conjunction with the overall system design, it improves the operational reliability and environmental friendliness of the plant.

[0063] Through deep coupling and synergistic optimization of various functional modules, the system significantly improves the efficiency and stability of ZWS boilers during the co-incineration of solid waste and achieves comprehensive optimization of fuel adaptability, combustion efficiency, emissions control, and plant reliability. Compared to conventional co-incineration solutions, this system is able to process solid waste from multiple sources more efficiently, reduce fuel consumption and operating costs, and simultaneously meet stringent emission requirements, thus providing coal-fired power plants with crucial technical support in utilizing waste resources and transitioning to green, low-carbon energy generation.

[0064] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments serve only to illustrate the technical solution of the present utility model and do not limit it. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be clear to general technical personnel in this field that modifications and equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solution of the present utility model, and that such modifications or equivalent substitutions must not result in the modified technical solution deviating from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present utility model.

Claims

[1] System for co-incinerating solid waste in a ZWS boiler of a coal-fired power plant, characterized bythat it comprises a solid waste pretreatment module (1), a feed module (2), a ZWS boiler body (3), a material circulation module (4), and a control module for combustion optimization; wherein the solid waste pretreatment module (1) is designed to crush, dry, and screen the solid waste so that its particle size and moisture content meet the requirements for co-combustion in the ZWS boiler; wherein the feed module (2) is connected to the solid waste pretreatment module (1) and is designed to transport the pretreated solid waste and coal in a defined ratio into the ZWS boiler body (3); wherein the ZWS boiler body (3) comprises a combustion chamber (31), an air distribution plate (32), and an air chamber (33); wherein a dense phase region and a thin phase region are provided in the combustion chamber (31);wherein the material circulation module (4) comprises a separator (41) and a recirculation device (42), wherein the separator (41) is provided at the outlet of the combustion chamber (31) and is designed for separating solid particles in the flue gas, and the recirculation device (42) is connected to the separator (41) and the bottom of the combustion chamber (31) and is designed for recirculating the separated solid particles in the combustion chamber (31); wherein the control module for combustion optimization is electrically connected to the solid waste pretreatment module (1), the feed module (2), the ZWS boiler body (3) and / or the material circulation module (4), and is designed for continuously adjusting the solid pretreatment parameters, the feed ratio, and the material circulation quantity according to the operating parameters of the ZWS boiler. [2] System for co-combustion of solid waste in a ZWS boiler of a coal-fired power plant according to claim 1, characterized by, that the pretreatment module (1) for solid waste comprises a crusher (11), a dryer (12) and a screening machine (13), wherein the crusher (11) is designed to crush the solid waste to a preset particle size, the dryer (12) to reduce the moisture content of the solid waste and the screening machine (13) to screen the crushed and dried solid waste and to remove impurities. [3] System for co-combustion of solid waste in a ZWS boiler of a coal-fired power plant according to claim 2, characterized by , that the crusher (11) is a reversible hammer crusher, the dryer (12) is a drum dryer and the screening machine (13) is a vibrating screening machine. [4] System for co-combustion of solid waste in a ZWS boiler of a coal-fired power plant according to claim 1, characterized by, that the feed module (2) comprises a solid feeder and a coal feeder and both the solid feeder and the coal feeder are speed-controlled belt scales capable of precisely controlling the feed quantity according to the instructions of the control module for combustion optimization. [5] System for co-combustion of solid waste in a ZWS boiler of a coal-fired power plant according to claim 1, characterized by , that the sealing phase area of ​​the combustion chamber (31) is provided with a combustion protection belt (34), wherein the combustion protection belt (34) is made of high temperature resistant and wear-resistant cast material which is able to improve the fire resistance and wear resistance of the sealing phase area. [6] System for co-combustion of solid waste in a ZWS boiler of a coal-fired power plant according to claim 1, characterized by , that the separator (41) is a high-temperature cyclone separator. [7] System for co-combustion of solid waste in a ZWS boiler of a coal-fired power plant according to claim 1, characterized by , that the return device (42) comprises a return riser line and a return valve, wherein the return riser line is provided with a loosening air connection and the return valve is a non-mechanical valve capable of automatically adjusting the return quantity to the combustion chamber pressure and the material circulation quantity. [8] System for co-combustion of solid waste in a ZWS boiler of a coal-fired power plant according to claim 1, characterized by, that the control module for combustion optimization comprises a data acquisition unit, a control algorithm unit and an execution unit, wherein the data acquisition unit is designed to acquire operating parameters of the ZWS boiler, the control algorithm unit processes the acquired operating parameters on the basis of fuzzy control and neural network algorithms to generate control instructions, and the execution unit adjusts the operating parameters of the solid waste pretreatment module (1), the feed module (2) and the material circulation module (4) according to the control instructions. [9] System for co-combustion of solid waste in a ZWS boiler of a coal-fired power plant according to claim 8, characterized by, that the data acquisition unit comprises temperature sensors, pressure sensors, flow sensors and a flue gas analyzer, wherein the temperature sensors are provided in the combustion chamber (31), the separator (41) and the material return device (42), and wherein the pressure sensors are arranged in the air chamber (33), the combustion chamber (31) and the separator (41), and wherein the flow sensors are provided on the piping of the feed module (2) and the material circulation module (4), and wherein the flue gas analyzer is arranged on the exhaust duct at the rear end of the boiler. [10] System for co-combustion of solid waste in a ZWS boiler of a coal-fired power plant according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by, that it further comprises an ash and slag treatment module (5), wherein the ash and slag treatment module (5) is connected to the ZWS boiler body (3) and the material circulation module (4) and is designed to collect and treat the ash and slag expelled from the boiler; wherein the ash and slag treatment module (5) comprises a slag cooler (51), a slag conveying line (52) and an ash / slag silo (53), wherein the slag cooler (51) is designed to cool the ash and slag and the slag conveying line (52) is designed to convey the cooled ash and slag to the ash / slag silo (53).

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