Surgical sliding shaft instrument

Abstract

Surgical sliding shaft instrument (SI; SI') comprising a main part (HT), a handle part (GT) and an elongated sliding part (ST) with a guide underside (FU), - wherein the main part has a handle section (GA1) and an elongated shaft (S) with a guide top (FO), - wherein the sliding part (ST) with its guide underside (FU) can be arranged in a sliding position on the upper guide surface (FO) of the shaft (S) and guided longitudinally to the shaft (S), - wherein a recess (AS) is provided on the sliding part (ST) into which an actuating head (BK) of the handle part (GT) is inserted when the sliding part (ST) is in the sliding position, - wherein the handle part (GT) is provided with a bearing section (LA) between the actuating head (BK) and a handle section (GA2) provided on the handle part (GT), on which the handle part (GT) is pivotably mounted on the main part (HT), and - wherein the actuating head (BK) in the state inserted into the recess (AS) in conjunction with the side walls (SW1, SW2) limiting the recess (AS) on both sides of the actuating head (BK) on the sliding part (ST) converts a pivoting of the handle part (GT) to the main part (HT) into corresponding longitudinal displacements of the sliding part (ST) to the shaft (S), - wherein the pivotable bearing of the handle part (GT) on the main part (HT) is provided in a recess (VT) which is designed to be open laterally on the main part (HT) and on which the handle part (GT) with its bearing section (LA) is placed.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a surgical sliding shaft instrument comprising a main part with a handle section and an elongated shaft, on the upper guide surface of which an elongated sliding part with a lower guide surface can be arranged in a sliding position and guided longitudinally relative to the shaft, wherein a recess is formed on the sliding part into which, when the sliding part is arranged in the sliding position, an actuating head of a handle section is inserted, wherein the handle section is provided with a bearing section between the actuating head and a handle section provided on the handle section, on which the handle section is pivotably mounted on the main part.and wherein the actuating head, in the state inserted into the recess, in conjunction with the side walls delimiting the recess on both sides of the actuating head on the sliding part, translates a pivoting of the handle part towards the main part into corresponding longitudinal displacements of the sliding part towards the shaft.

[0002] Surgical sliding instruments are used, for example, in surgical procedures for bone or cartilage treatment. A sliding instrument typically has a main part with an elongated shaft, along which a similarly elongated sliding section can be moved. This movement allows end-mounted surgical elements, such as punch jaws, to be moved relative to each other. To facilitate cleaning, the sliding section can often be pivoted relative to the main part when moved into its designated position. Surgical sliding instruments can be designed, for example, as rongeurs or punches.

[0003] EP 2 213 254 A1 discloses a surgical sliding shaft instrument, specifically designed as a laminectomy rongeur or a conchotome. This sliding shaft instrument has a main part which, in addition to a handle section, forms an elongated shaft. A similarly elongated sliding element can be slidably guided on a guide surface of this shaft, with guide elements provided on both the upper and lower guide surfaces. Furthermore, a handle section, pivotally mounted on the handle of the main part, is equipped with an actuating head.The handle, along with the actuating head, extends through a slot-like opening in the main part and out adjacent to the guide surface of the shaft. This allows the sliding part, with its guide surface on the guide surface, to engage in a recess that is open laterally on the sliding part. When the actuating head engages the recess, pivoting the handle relative to the main part results in corresponding longitudinal movements of the sliding part along the shaft. Furthermore, the sliding part can be moved along the shaft into a cleaning position, in which it can be pivoted towards the main part for easier cleaning of both the shaft and the sliding part. This movement into the cleaning position requires unlocking a locking mechanism.

[0004] Starting from the prior art described above, the object of the present invention is to create a sliding shaft instrument whose cleaning is further simplified and in which manufacturing costs are also reduced.

[0005] This problem is solved starting from the preamble of claim 1 in conjunction with its characterizing features. The subsequent dependent claims each describe advantageous embodiments of the invention.

[0006] According to the invention, a surgical sliding shaft instrument comprises a main part with a handle section and an elongated shaft. An elongated sliding element with a guide underside is arranged on the upper surface of the guide surface of the shaft in a sliding position and can be moved longitudinally relative to the shaft. A recess is formed in the sliding element into which an actuating head of a handle section is inserted when the sliding element is in the sliding position. Furthermore, the handle section is provided with a bearing section between the actuating head and a handle section provided on the handle section, on which the handle section is pivotably mounted to the main part. When inserted into the recess, the actuating head, in conjunction with the side walls that define the recess on both sides of the actuating head on the sliding element, translates a pivoting of the handle section relative to the main part into corresponding longitudinal displacements of the sliding element relative to the shaft.

[0007] The sliding shaft instrument according to the invention is a surgical instrument designed for use in surgical procedures. The sliding shaft instrument is multi-part, comprising at least a main part, a sliding part, and a handle part. In addition to a handle section, the main part forms a shaft which is elongated, i.e., extends primarily in a longitudinal direction.

[0008] On one upper surface, the shaft of the main part forms a guide surface designed to guide the sliding element. The latter is equipped with a guide surface on the lower side of the shaft, allowing it to be positioned in a sliding position on the guide surface. The sliding element is also elongated, extending primarily in a longitudinal direction. In the sliding position, the shaft and the sliding element are aligned, at least substantially, parallel to each other.The guidance that can be realized between the upper guide surface of the shaft and the lower guide surface of the sliding part in the sliding position enables longitudinal displacements of the sliding part relative to the shaft of the main part, whereby these longitudinal displacements are particularly used to generate relative movements between operational elements which are provided in the area of ​​an end of the shaft facing away from the handle section on the sliding shaft instrument.

[0009] The surgical elements located at the end of the main shaft can, according to the invention, be configured as pincer-like jaws to achieve a pincer-like actuation movement by means of longitudinal displacements of the sliding part. These jaws can be serrated or have cutting edges, for example, to function as punch jaws (a punch) or as blade jaws (scissors). Depending on the specific embodiment, the surgical sliding shaft instrument could be designed as a laminectomy rongeur for use in laminectomy or as a conchotome for use in conchotomy.

[0010] The displacement of the sliding part relative to the shaft in the sliding position is initiated via the handle, which is pivotally mounted on the main part and, in the sliding position, engages with an actuating head in a recess of the sliding part. The pivoting mounting of the handle on the main part is achieved at a bearing section of the handle, whereby the handle and the main part can preferably pivot relative to each other about a pivot axis. This pivot axis can be defined, in particular, by a bolt on which both the handle with its bearing section and the main part are rotatably mounted about the pivot axis.

[0011] The pivoting of the main part and the handle relative to each other can preferably be initiated via the handle sections with which both the main part and the handle section are equipped. These handle sections are preferably ring-shaped and thus define eye-shaped finger holes, each of which serves to guide a finger of the surgeon operating the sliding shaft instrument. Alternatively, the handle sections can be designed without the eye-shaped finger holes, particularly when the sliding shaft instrument is designed as a punch.

[0012] When the handle section pivots relative to the main section, this pivoting motion is translated into longitudinal displacements of the sliding section, which is arranged on the shaft in the sliding position. This translation is achieved via the actuating head of the handle section, which is positioned on the opposite side of the handle section from the pivotable bearing on the handle section. In the sliding position, the actuating head engages in the recess formed on the sliding section between the side walls, which define the recess on both sides of the actuating head. Depending on the pivoting direction of the handle section relative to the main section, the actuating head slides along one of the side walls, thereby, in conjunction with the respective side wall, converting the pivoting motion into a longitudinal displacement of the sliding section in the corresponding direction. Preferably, the actuating head has a rounded shape.

[0013] The invention now comprises the technical teaching that the pivotable mounting of the handle part on the main part is provided in a recess which is laterally open on the main part and onto which the handle part with its bearing section rests. In other words, the main part is equipped with a recess which is open on one side of the main part and in which the pivotable mounting of the handle part is realized. The handle part with its bearing section for the pivotable mounting rests on the recess of the main part.

[0014] This design of a sliding shaft instrument has the advantage that the area of ​​the pivoting bearing of the handle part on the main part can be cleaned easily and reliably due to the laterally open design of the recess. This allows easy access to the recess, and thus also to the pivoting bearing of the handle part on the main part, from the side. Furthermore, the open recess is easy to manufacture, which also results in overall low manufacturing costs for the sliding shaft instrument according to the invention.

[0015] In particular, the recess in the main part is formed at a transition between the handle section and the shaft. Preferably, the recess is designed as a flat surface parallel to the side of the main part towards which the recess is open.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the invention, the recess on the main part is bounded by side walls, which also act as stops, defining end positions for the handle when pivoting towards the main part and thereby defining a maximum pivoting range of the handle relative to the main part. This allows for a simple definition of the maximum pivoting range of the handle.

[0017] Preferably, the recess on the main part is completely open laterally, so that no undercut is formed by the recess. This further improves the cleanability of the sliding shaft instrument.

[0018] Preferably, the handle and the main part are pre-tensioned relative to each other in one of their two end positions, which also results in a pre-tension of the sliding part positioned on the shaft in the sliding position. In particular, the pre-tension is applied directly between the handle and the main part. This pre-tension is preferably achieved by means of one or more spring elements.

[0019] According to one embodiment of the invention, corresponding guide elements are provided on the upper guide surface of the shaft and on the lower guide surface of the sliding part. When the sliding part is in the sliding position, these guide elements engage with each other and guide the sliding part longitudinally along the shaft within a sliding range. The sliding part can then be moved on the shaft from the sliding range to a cleaning position outside the sliding range, in which the corresponding guide elements are disengaged. This allows for suitable guidance of the sliding part on the shaft, and this guidance can be selectively released by moving it into the cleaning position to simplify cleaning of the sliding shaft instrument according to the invention.

[0020] Preferably, the sliding part can then be pivoted laterally relative to the main part in the cleaning position, thus simplifying the cleaning of the shaft and the sliding part. In particular, the pivoting of the sliding part relative to the main part in the cleaning position takes place about a pivot axis defined on the guide surface of the shaft. Most preferably, a pin-shaped guide element is provided on the guide surface of the shaft, which is guided in an elongated hole on the side of the sliding part. This allows, firstly, the longitudinal displacement of the sliding part relative to the shaft when the guide elements engage, and secondly, when the sliding part is moved into the cleaning position and the guide elements disengage, it allows the sliding part to pivot about the guide element. The guide element can be designed as a screw inserted into the guide surface of the shaft.

[0021] In a further development of the aforementioned design option, a locking device is provided which can be switched between a locked and an unlocked state. In the locked state, the locking device limits longitudinal displacements of the sliding element on the shaft to the displacement range, whereas in the unlocked state, the locking device allows displacement of the sliding element from the displacement range into the cleaning position. This has the advantage that the locking device prevents unintentional displacement of the sliding element into the cleaning position, as longitudinal displacements of the sliding element on the shaft in the locked state can only occur within the displacement range in which the guide elements are engaged with each other.

[0022] When this further development is combined with the embodiment in which the lateral walls of the recess define the maximum pivoting range of the handle relative to the main part, the locking device is also mounted on the main part and, in its locked state, limits the pivoting of the handle relative to the main part from the maximum pivoting range to a smaller working pivoting range, in which pivoting the handle relative to the main part only results in longitudinal displacements of the sliding part within this displacement range. In its unlocked state, the locking device then releases the maximum pivoting range of the handle relative to the main part, thereby enabling the sliding part to be moved into the cleaning position when the handle is pivoted relative to the main part.

[0023] According to one possible embodiment, the locking device comprises a ball detent with a ball. The ball is pre-tensioned into a locked position, in which the ball protrudes into the recess and resists contact with the handle when it leaves the smaller working swivel range. Furthermore, the ball can be pushed back against the pre-tension by the handle into a release position, which represents the unlocked state, and in which the ball can be moved over the recess by the handle. This allows the locking device to be moved into the unlocked state with one hand using the handle sections of the main body and the handle. This simplifies the handling of the sliding shaft instrument according to the invention.

[0024] An alternative design involves a locking mechanism that includes a locking pin slidably guided in a bore within the main body. The locking pin can be moved between a locked position, in which it protrudes from the bore into the recess, preventing the handle from leaving the smaller working swivel range, and a released position, in which the locking pin is fully retracted into the bore. This design has the advantage of reliably preventing the sliding part from being unintentionally moved into the cleaning position. The locking pin, protruding into the recess, ensures that the handle is always positively locked and thus prevented from leaving the smaller working swivel range.

[0025] In particular, the movement of the locking pin between the locked and unlocked positions can be accomplished via an actuating mechanism comprising an adjusting pin that is slidably guided parallel to and offset from the locking pin, with the adjusting pin being coupled to the locking pin via a transverse connecting rod. Preferably, the adjusting pin is slidably guided within the main body, and an actuating button is attached to the adjusting pin, allowing for the initiation of movement of the adjusting pin. This results in a particularly advantageous and user-friendly design of the locking device.

[0026] According to one embodiment of the invention, the recess of the sliding part is designed to be open laterally on the sliding part. Advantageously, this also allows for easier cleaning of the recess of the sliding part, as the recess is accessible from the side of the sliding part.

[0027] The sliding shaft instrument can be designed as a rongeur or as a punch, especially in the form of a bone punch.

[0028] Advantageous embodiments of the invention, which are explained below, are illustrated in the drawings. They show: Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 to Fig. 5 different views of a surgical sliding shaft instrument according to a first embodiment of the invention; and Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 views of a surgical sliding shaft instrument according to a further embodiment of the invention.

[0029] From the Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 to Fig. Figure 5 shows different illustrations of a surgical sliding shaft instrument SI, which is designed according to one embodiment of the invention. The sliding shaft instrument SI is designed as a rongeur and can be configured as a laminectomy rongeur for use in a laminectomy or as a conchotome for use in a conchotomy.

[0030] As in Fig. As can be seen in Figure 1, the sliding shaft instrument SI comprises a main part HT, a sliding part ST, and a handle GT. The main part HT has a handle section GA1, which forms a handle hole GL1 at one annular end and transitions into a shaft S at the opposite end. This shaft S is elongated and carries, at one end opposite the handle section GA1, a first surgical element OE1, which is fixed to the end of the shaft S. At the other end of the shaft S opposite the handle section GA1, a second surgical element OE2 is pivotally arranged, allowing it to be pivoted relative to the first surgical element OE1. The surgical elements OE1 and OE2 are each designed as jaws with cutting edges, which can be moved relative to each other by pivoting them.

[0031] The elongated shaft S of the main part HT forms a guide surface FO, on which the similarly elongated sliding part ST with a guide surface FU can be arranged in a sliding position, in which the sliding part ST can be both in Fig. 1 as well as in Fig. 5 is positioned in each case. In this sliding position, a rounded actuating head BK of the handle part GT engages in a recess AS, which is open laterally in the sliding part ST. As can be seen particularly in the detailed view in Fig. As can be seen in section 2, this recess AS is limited on both sides of the surrounding actuating head BK by side walls SW1 and SW2.

[0032] In addition to the actuating head BK, the handle part GT also has a bearing section LA and a handle section GA2, with the bearing section LA being located between the actuating head BK and the handle section GA2 in the handle part GT. The handle section GA2 has a ring-shaped end facing away from the bearing section LA, thus defining a grip hole GL2.

[0033] The handle section GT is pivotally mounted on the main section HT, with its bearing section LA resting on a recess VT. This recess is laterally open on the main section HT at the transition between the handle section GA1 and the shaft S. The pivoting of the handle section GT relative to the main section HT is achieved about a pivot axis SA. The pivoting of the main section HT and handle section GT relative to each other can be initiated manually at the grip holes GL1 and GL2. This pivoting about the pivot axis SA is achieved by the engagement of the actuating head BK in the recess AS, in conjunction with the side walls SW1 and SW2, resulting in longitudinal displacements of the sliding part ST on the shaft S.

[0034] As especially in Fig. As can be seen in Figure 2, the recess VT is designed as a flat surface set back from the side of the main part HT and bounded by side walls W1 and W2. The laterally open design of the recess VT allows for easy formation on the main part HT and also facilitates reliable cleaning. Furthermore, walls W1 and W2 act as stops for the handle GT, defining end positions of the handle GT relative to the main part HT in the direction of rotation and thus also a maximum rotation range of the handle GT relative to the main part HT.

[0035] The SI sliding shaft instrument also features a locking device VE, which is arranged on the main part HT. This locking device VE has a locking pin SP, which is slidably guided in a bore BO in the main part HT that opens into the recess VT. The locking pin SP is fixedly connected at one end, which faces away from the recess VT, to a connecting rod KS, which is Fig. 3 can be seen and, in addition to the locking pin SP, is also firmly connected to an adjusting pin ST. This adjusting pin ST is guided parallel to and offset from the locking pin SP in the main part HT and is provided with an actuating button BF at one end located on the side of the recess VT.

[0036] In a locked state of the locking device VE, the locking pin SP is in a position that is Fig. 1 and also in Fig. In the locking position shown in Figure 2, the end of the handle extends from bore BO into recess VT. This locking device VE limits the pivoting range of the handle GT relative to the main part HT from the maximum pivoting range defined by walls W1 and W2 to a smaller working pivoting range. This is achieved by the handle GT contacting the locking pin SP before it even touches wall W1, thus preventing further pivoting. Within this working pivoting range, the corresponding longitudinal displacements of the sliding part ST on the shaft S occur within a sliding range in which the sliding part ST is guided along the shaft S in a manner known in principle.This guidance is achieved via mutually associated guide elements (not shown here), with which the shaft S is provided on its upper guide surface FO and the sliding part ST on its lower guide surface FU, and which engage with each other in the displacement area.

[0037] In the displacement area, an end-side coupling of the sliding part ST with the operating element OE2 is also established, whereby the longitudinal displacements of the handle part GT on the shaft S, initiated via the handle part GT by means of the actuating head BK, are converted into a corresponding pivoting of the operating element OE2 to the operating element OE1.

[0038] The locking device VE can also be moved from the locked state to an unlocked state by pressing the actuating button BF. This action causes the adjusting pin ST, and consequently the locking pin SP, to move via the connecting rod KS. As a result, the locking pin SP is pushed back from its locked position to a release position, in which the locking pin SP is fully retracted into the bore BO by the recess VT.

[0039] In the unlocked state of the locking device VE, the handle part GT can subsequently be pivoted relative to the main part HT over its maximum swivel range and thus also into the Fig. 4 and Fig. The final position shown in section 5 is transferred, in which the handle part GT is in contact with the wall W1 of the recess VT. Pivoting into this position results in a longitudinal displacement of the sliding part ST relative to the shaft S into a position that Fig. 4 and Fig. Figure 5 shows the cleaning position in which the guide elements of the sliding part ST and the shaft S are disengaged. This allows the sliding part ST to be pivoted out of its sliding position relative to the main part HT in a manner known in principle, in order to enable appropriate cleaning of both the sliding part ST and the shaft S.

[0040] By pivoting the sliding part ST back into the sliding position, the actuating head BK can then engage again in the recess AS, whereby the locking device VE can then be returned to its locking state after a displacement of the sliding part ST into the sliding area initiated via the handle sections GA1 and GA2.

[0041] From the Fig. 6 and Fig. Figure 7 shows views of a sliding shaft instrument SI' according to a further embodiment of the invention. This sliding shaft instrument SI' largely corresponds to the previous variant according to the Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 to Fig. 5 and differs from the SI sliding shaft instrument from the Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 to Fig. 5 only with regard to the design of a locking device VE'. In this case, this locking device VE' is formed by a ball pressure piece KD with a ball K, which is pre-tensioned into a locking position representing the locked state of the locking device VE'. In this locking position, when the handle part GT pivots towards the main part HT, it comes into contact with the ball K before reaching the wall W1, which subsequently prevents the handle part GT from pivoting further. Thus, the locking device VE' limits the pivoting range of the handle part GT relative to the main part HT to the smaller working pivoting range.

[0042] By applying appropriate force to the handle sections GA1 and GA2, the ball K of the ball pressure piece KD can be pushed back into a release position via the handle part GT, in which the ball in the recess VT can be passed over by the handle part GT. Subsequently, the handle part GT can then be pivoted through its maximum swivel range, allowing the cleaning position to be reset by the sliding part ST. Furthermore, the design corresponds to the Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 of the variant according to the Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 to Fig. 5, so that reference is made to what is described here.

[0043] Using the embodiments according to the invention, a sliding shaft instrument can be created in which cleaning is simplified and manufacturing costs are reduced. Reference symbol list SI, SI' sliding shaft instrument HT main part ST sliding part GT handle GA1, GA2 grip sections GL1, GL2 Grip holes S shaft OE1, OE2 Operational elements FO Management Top FU Guide Underside BK Actuating Head AS recess SW1, SW2 side walls LA storage section VT In-depth study SA swivel axis W1, W2 walls VE, VE' locking device SP locking pin BO bore KS coupling rod ST adjusting pin BF operating button KD ball plunger K ball QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] EP 2 213 254 A1

[0003]

Claims

[1] Surgical sliding shaft instrument (SI; SI') comprising a main part (HT), a handle part (GT) and an elongated sliding part (ST) with a guide underside (FU), - wherein the main part has a handle section (GA1) and an elongated shaft (S) with a guide top (FO), - wherein the sliding part (ST) with its guide underside (FU) can be arranged in a sliding position on the upper guide surface (FO) of the shaft (S) and guided longitudinally to the shaft (S), - wherein a recess (AS) is provided on the sliding part (ST) into which an actuating head (BK) of the handle part (GT) is inserted when the sliding part (ST) is in the sliding position, - wherein the handle part (GT) is provided with a bearing section (LA) between the actuating head (BK) and a handle section (GA2) provided on the handle part (GT), on which the handle part (GT) is pivotably mounted on the main part (HT), and - wherein the actuating head (BK) in the state inserted into the recess (AS) in conjunction with the side walls (SW1, SW2) limiting the recess (AS) on both sides of the actuating head (BK) on the sliding part (ST) converts a pivoting of the handle part (GT) to the main part (HT) into corresponding longitudinal displacements of the sliding part (ST) to the shaft (S), - wherein the pivotable bearing of the handle part (GT) on the main part (HT) is provided in a recess (VT) which is designed to be open laterally on the main part (HT) and on which the handle part (GT) with its bearing section (LA) is placed. [2] Sliding shaft instrument (SI; SI') according to claim 1, characterized by, that the recess (VT) on the main part (HT) is limited by side walls (W1, W2), which also serve as stops to define an end position for the handle part (GT) when pivoting to the main part (HT) and thereby define a maximum pivoting range of the handle part (GT) to the main part (HT). [3] Sliding shaft instrument (SI; SI') according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized by , that the recess (VT) in the main part (HT) is formed at a transition between the handle section (GA2) and the shaft (S). [4] Sliding shaft instrument (SI; SI') according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by , that the depression (VT) is designed as a flat surface parallel to the side of the main part (HT) towards which the depression (VT) is open. [5] Sliding shaft instrument (SI; SI') according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by, that on the upper guide surface (FO) of the shaft (S) and on the lower guide surface (FU) of the sliding part (ST) corresponding guide elements are provided, which, when the sliding part (ST) is arranged in the sliding position, engage with each other to guide the sliding part (ST) longitudinally displaceably on the shaft (S) in a sliding area, wherein the sliding part (ST) on the shaft (S) can be displaced from the sliding area into a cleaning position located away from the sliding area, in which the corresponding guide elements are disengaged. [6] Sliding shaft instrument (SI; SI') according to claim 5, characterized by, that a locking device (VE; VE') is provided which can be switched between a locking state and an unlocking state, wherein the locking device (VE; VE') in the locking state limits longitudinal displacements of the sliding part (ST) on the shaft (S) to the displacement range, whereas in the unlocking state the locking device (VE; VE') allows a displacement of the sliding part (ST) from the displacement range into the cleaning position. [7] Sliding shaft instrument (SI; SI') according to claims 2 and 6, characterized by, that the locking device (VE; VE') is mounted on the main part (HT) and, in its locked state, limits the pivoting of the handle part (GT) to the main part (HT) from the maximum pivoting range to a smaller working pivoting range, in which pivoting of the handle part (GT) to the main part (HT) only results in longitudinal displacements of the sliding part (ST) in the displacement range, and wherein the locking device (VE; VE') in its unlocked state releases the maximum pivoting range of the handle part (GT) to the main part (HT) and thereby enables a displacement of the sliding part (ST) into the cleaning position when the handle part (GT) is pivoted accordingly to the main part (HT). [8] Sliding shaft instrument (SI') according to claim 7, characterized by, that the locking device (VE') comprises a ball pressure piece (KD) with a ball (K), wherein the ball (K) is pre-tensioned into a locking position representing the locking state, in which the ball (K) protrudes into the recess (VT) and resists the handle part (GT) when leaving the smaller working swivel range by contact with the handle part (GT), wherein the ball (K) can be pushed back into a release position via the handle part (GT) against the pre-tension, which represents the unlocking state and in which the ball (K) in the recess (VT) can be traversed by the handle part (GT). [9] Sliding shaft instrument (SI) according to claim 7, characterized by, that the locking device (VE) comprises a locking pin (SP) which is slidably guided in a bore (BO) in the main part (HT), wherein the locking pin (SP) can be moved between a locking position representing the locking state, in which the locking pin (SP) protrudes from the bore (BO) into the recess (VT) and thereby prevents the handle part (GT) from leaving the smaller working swivel range by means of contact, and a release position representing the unlocking state, in which the locking pin (SP) is completely pushed back into the bore (BO) from the recess (VT). [10] Sliding shaft instrument (SI) according to claim 9, characterized by, that the transfer of the locking pin (SP) between the locking position and the release position can be carried out via an actuating mechanism which includes an actuating pin (ST) which is guided parallel and offset to the locking pin (SP) and wherein the actuating pin (ST) is coupled to the locking pin (SP) via a transverse connecting rod (KS). [11] Sliding shaft instrument (SI) according to claim 10, characterized by , that the adjusting pin (ST) is slidably guided in the main part (HT), wherein an actuating button (BF) is attached to the adjusting pin (ST), at which displacements of the adjusting pin (ST) can be initiated. [12] Sliding stem instrument (SI; SI') according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the recess (AS) of the sliding part (ST) on the sliding part (ST) is designed to be open laterally. [13] Sliding stem instrument (SI; SI') according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the recess (VT) on the main part (HT) is completely open laterally, so that no undercut is formed by the recess (VT). [14] Sliding stem instrument (SI; SI') according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the sliding shaft instrument (SI; SI') is designed as a rongeur. [15] Sliding shaft instrument according to at least one of claims 1 to 13, characterized by that the sliding shaft instrument is designed as a punch, in particular as a bone punch.

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