Ultrasonic transducer and drawing device for drawing solder-coated material

Abstract

Ultrasonic transducer for drawing solder-coated material, characterized in that the ultrasonic transducer comprises a transducer and an amplitude transformer, wherein a through-hole is provided in the amplitude transformer and the amplitude transformer comprises a base, a first rod body, a first connecting body and a second rod body, which are connected successively from left to right, wherein the transducer is arranged between the base and the first connecting body and the transducer comprises at least two piezoelectric stacks, wherein the direction of vibration of the piezoelectric stacks is parallel to the extension direction of the through-hole.

Description

Technical field

[0001] The present utility model relates to the field of drawing solder-coated material, in particular an ultrasonic transducer and a drawing device for drawing solder-coated material. State of the art

[0002] Drawn products mainly comprise wires and tubes that find widespread application in various industries, such as various solder-coated tube products and solder-coated wires, welding wires, and other products. Drawn products are primarily manufactured using a drawing machine. The material to be drawn is placed in a drawing die and then drawn with a drawing tool using external force until the desired drawn product is formed. Conventional drawing of solder-coated material requires several drawing operations to complete the process. Due to the significant deformation, as well as the high deformation and frictional forces during the multiple drawing operations, the solder-coated material is prone to cracking and surface defects.How to effectively solve the problem of surface defects in drawn products and improve the surface quality of drawn products while simultaneously ensuring production efficiency is a current technical challenge. Disclosure of the utility model

[0003] The purpose of the present utility model is to provide, in view of the aforementioned problems of the prior art, an ultrasonic transducer for drawing solder-coated material, which improves the surface quality of the drawn products while ensuring production efficiency.

[0004] The object of the present utility model can be solved by the following technical solution: An ultrasonic transducer for drawing solder-coated material, comprising: a transducer and an amplitude transformer; wherein a through-hole is provided in the amplitude transformer and the amplitude transformer comprises a base, a first rod body, a first connecting body and a second rod body, which are connected successively from left to right, wherein the transducer is arranged between the base and the first connecting body and the transducer comprises at least two piezoelectric stacks, wherein the direction of vibration of the piezoelectric stacks is parallel to the direction of extension of the through-hole.

[0005] As a further development of the present utility model, the piezoelectric stacks comprise a first piezoelectric stack and a second piezoelectric stack, wherein the first piezoelectric stack and the second piezoelectric stack are arranged at symmetrical positions on both sides of the first rod body.

[0006] As a further development of the present utility model, the ultrasonic oscillator has a linear vibration state and a torsional vibration state, wherein the ultrasonic oscillator is in the linear vibration state when the driving phase difference between the first piezoelectric stack and the second piezoelectric stack is 0°; and wherein the ultrasonic oscillator is in the torsional vibration state when the driving phase difference between the first piezoelectric stack and the second piezoelectric stack is 180°.

[0007] As a further development of the present utility model, the piezoelectric stacks comprise a first piezoelectric stack, a second piezoelectric stack, a third piezoelectric stack and a fourth piezoelectric stack, wherein the first piezoelectric stack, the second piezoelectric stack, the third piezoelectric stack and the fourth piezoelectric stack are arranged successively around the first rod body at 90° intervals.

[0008] As a further development of the present utility model, the ultrasonic oscillator has a linear vibration state and a torsional vibration state; wherein the ultrasonic oscillator is in the linear vibration state when the driving phase difference between the first piezoelectric stack, the second piezoelectric stack, the third piezoelectric stack and the fourth piezoelectric stack is 0°; and wherein the ultrasonic oscillator is in the torsional vibration state when the driving phase difference between any two adjacent piezoelectric stacks of the first piezoelectric stack, the second piezoelectric stack, the third piezoelectric stack and the fourth piezoelectric stack is 90°.

[0009] As a further development of the present utility model, the piezoelectric stacks are fastened between the base and the first connecting body by means of fastening screws.

[0010] As a further development of the present utility model, the amplitude transformer further comprises a pressure cap in which the through-hole is provided, and a mounting groove is provided at an end of the second rod body facing away from the first connecting body, in which a drawing die is received, wherein the pressure cap is firmly connected to the mounting groove.

[0011] As a further development of the present utility model, a drawing opening is provided in the drawing die, the diameter of which gradually decreases from an end facing the piezoelectric stacks to an end facing the pressure cap.

[0012] The present utility model further provides a drawing device for drawing solder-coated material, comprising: an ultrasonic transducer as described above, a mounting seat and a mandrel, wherein one end of the mandrel is attached to the mounting seat and the other end is inserted into the through hole.

[0013] As a further development of the present utility model, an ultrasonic transducer is arranged at the mounting seat.

[0014] Based on the above-mentioned technical solutions, the embodiments of the present utility model can achieve at least the following technical effects: 1. The present utility model provides an ultrasonic transducer for drawing solder-coated material. In contrast to conventional structures with a ring-shaped transducer and amplitude transformer, the present utility model incorporates an innovative improvement to the ultrasonic transducer's structure, making it suitable for drawing solder-coated material. A transducer comprising at least two piezoelectric stacks is arranged between the base and the first connecting body. By introducing vibrations from the ultrasonic transducer into the drawing process, the frictional properties of the material being drawn are altered as it passes through the drawing die, softening the material. This significantly reduces the drawing force, decreases die wear, and increases drawing efficiency and yield. 2. The ultrasonic transducer of the present utility model has two operating states: a linear vibration state and a torsional vibration state, each suitable for different drawing processes. In the linear vibration state, the vector direction of the frictional force acting on the material to be drawn changes, thereby reducing friction. The linear vibration state is suitable for rough machining in the upstream drawing processes and can draw the outer diameter of the solder-coated material to a suitable range. In the torsional vibration state, not only is a friction-reducing effect achieved, but the material to be drawn also experiences the effect of normal ultrasonic vibrations, which exert a shock effect on the material surface, resulting in plastic deformation of the surface, grain refinement, and the introduction of compressive residual stresses.This not only improves the surface quality of the wire or tube material, but also increases the material's fatigue strength. The torsional vibration state is suitable for fine finishing in subsequent drawing processes and can rework and straighten the roughly machined, solder-coated material. Brief description of the drawings

[0015] The following is a detailed description of the specific embodiment of the present utility model, in conjunction with the drawings: Fig. Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of the exploded structure of an ultrasonic transducer according to a first embodiment of the present utility model; Fig. Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of the structure of an ultrasonic transducer after assembly according to the first embodiment of the present utility model; Fig. Figure 3 is a sectional view along line AA in Fig. 2; Fig. Figure 4 shows a schematic representation of the exploded structure of an ultrasonic transducer according to a second embodiment of the present utility model; Fig. Figure 5 shows a schematic representation of the structure of an ultrasonic transducer after assembly according to the second embodiment of the present utility model; Fig. Figure 6 is a sectional view along line BB in Fig. 5; Fig. Figure 7 shows a schematic representation of the structure of a drawing device according to a third embodiment of the present utility model; Fig. 8 is a section view along line CC in Fig. 7; Fig. Figure 9 shows a schematic representation of the structure of a drawing device according to a fourth embodiment of the present utility model; Fig. Figure 10 is a section view along line DD in Fig. 9.

[0016] Reference number list: 110, first piezoelectric stack; 111, first mounting screw; 120, second piezoelectric stack; 121, second mounting screw; 130, third piezoelectric stack; 131, third mounting screw; 140, fourth piezoelectric stack; 141, fourth mounting screw; 210, base; 220, first rod body; 230, first connecting body; 240, second rod body; 250, through hole; 260, pressure cap; 270, mounting groove; 300, drawing die; 310, drawing opening; 400, mounting seat; 500, mandrel. Detailed descriptions

[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model are described in more detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings, although the utility model in question is not limited to these embodiments.

[0018] The following section describes the technical solutions of the present utility model with reference to the Fig. 1 to Fig. 10 explained in more detail. Example I:

[0019] An ultrasonic transducer, as in Fig. 1 to Fig. Figure 3 shows a converter and an amplitude transformer.

[0020] The amplitude transformer has a through-hole 250 and comprises a base 210, a first rod body 220, a first connecting body 230, and a second rod body 240, which are connected sequentially from left to right; the transducer is arranged between the base 210 and the first connecting body 230; the transducer comprises at least two piezoelectric stacks, the vibration direction of the piezoelectric stacks being parallel to the extension direction of the through-hole 250. Preferably, the base 210, the first rod body 220, the first connecting body 230, and the second rod body 240 of the amplitude transformer are formed as a single-piece structure.

[0021] The ultrasonic transducer described above can be arranged on a drawing machine and serve as a component of the drawing machine. Preferably, a drawing die 300 can be attached to the ultrasonic transducer described above. The material to be drawn passes through the amplitude transformer via the through-hole 250. When the ultrasonic transducer begins to oscillate, it sets the material to be drawn into a synchronous axial oscillation. In the conventional drawing process, friction occurs between the material to be drawn and the drawing die 300, and the frictional force increases continuously during the drawing process. This not only impairs the drawing efficiency and leads to wear of the drawing die 300, but also causes defects on the surface of the material being drawn, such as partial loosening and cracking of the material surface due to excessive friction.The vibration of the drawing die caused by the ultrasonic transducer significantly reduces the drawing force. This vibration increases the stored energy, which lowers the deformation resistance in the deformation zone and causes a certain softening effect on the material. The drawing die 300 and the material being drawn are subjected to a periodic separation and contact due to the vibration of the ultrasonic transducer, which significantly reduces the frictional force.

[0022] Furthermore, the number of piezoelectric stacks can be multiple. In this embodiment, there are two piezoelectric stacks: a first piezoelectric stack 110 and a second piezoelectric stack 120. The first piezoelectric stack 110 and the second piezoelectric stack 120 are arranged at symmetrical positions on both sides of the first rod body 220. The use of multiple piezoelectric stacks can increase the ultrasonic amplitude and improve the effect of the ultrasonic vibration. In addition, different operating states suitable for various situations can be created by adjusting the drive phase difference between the two piezoelectric stacks.

[0023] In particular, the ultrasonic oscillator has a linear vibration state and a torsional vibration state, wherein the ultrasonic oscillator is in the linear vibration state when the driving phase difference between the first piezoelectric stack 110 and the second piezoelectric stack 120 is 0°; and wherein the ultrasonic oscillator is in the torsional vibration state when the driving phase difference between the first piezoelectric stack 110 and the second piezoelectric stack 120 is 180°.

[0024] In the linear vibration state, the first piezoelectric stack 110 and the second piezoelectric stack 120 oscillate synchronously along the axial direction of the material being drawn, creating a superimposed and amplified vibration effect that changes the vector direction of the frictional force of the material being drawn and achieves a friction-reducing effect. The linear vibration state is suitable for roughing in upstream drawing operations and can draw the outer diameter of the solder-coated material to a suitable range. In the torsional vibration state, the driving phase difference between the first piezoelectric stack 110 and the second piezoelectric stack 120 is 180°. When the first piezoelectric stack 110 oscillates forward, the second piezoelectric stack 120 oscillates backward.Therefore, not only is a friction-reducing effect achieved on the material being drawn, but a surface hardening effect is also generated, exerting an impact and pressure action on the material surface. This results in plastic deformation of the surface, refines the grains, and introduces compressive residual stresses. This not only improves the surface quality of the wire and tube material but also increases the material's fatigue strength. The torsional vibration state is suitable for finishing in downstream drawing processes and can rework and straighten the roughly machined, solder-coated material. Depending on the varying requirements of different drawing processes, the ultrasonic transducer of this utility model can select a suitable operating state to increase drawing efficiency and improve drawing quality.

[0025] Furthermore, the piezoelectric stacks are fastened between the base 210 and the first connecting body 230 by means of fastening screws. In this embodiment, the fastening screws comprise a first fastening screw 111 and a second fastening screw 121, wherein the first piezoelectric stack 110 is fastened by the first fastening screw 111 and the second piezoelectric stack 120 is fastened by the second fastening screw 121.

[0026] Furthermore, the amplitude transformer comprises a pressure cap 260, in which the through-hole 250 is provided. A mounting groove 270 is provided at one end of the second rod body 240 facing away from the first connecting body 230, in which the drawing die 300 is received. The pressure cap 260 is fixedly connected to the mounting groove 270, so that the drawing die 300 is secured in the mounting groove 270. A drawing opening 310 is provided in the drawing die 300. The diameter of the drawing opening 310 gradually decreases from an end facing the piezoelectric stacks to an end facing the pressure cap 260. Preferably, the diameter of the through-hole 250 is equal to the diameter of the end of the drawing opening 310 facing the piezoelectric stack. The drawing die 300 is fixed in the mounting groove 270.When the material to be drawn is guided through the through-hole 250, it is also guided through the drawing opening 310. During the drawing process, the drawing tongs pull the material to be drawn to the right at one end of the pressure cap 260. The material to be drawn is guided through the drawing opening 310, and under the crushing action of the drawing die 300, the diameter of the material to be drawn is reduced. Throughout the entire drawing process, the ultrasonic transducer sets the drawing die 300 into a constant-frequency vibration. Depending on the drawing operation, the system can be selected between linear and torsional vibration. Example II:

[0027] The parts of this embodiment that correspond to the first embodiment are not described again. The difference is as follows: As in Fig. 4 to Fig. As shown in Figure 6, in this embodiment the number of piezoelectric stacks is four: a first piezoelectric stack 110, a second piezoelectric stack 120, a third piezoelectric stack 130, and a fourth piezoelectric stack 140. The first piezoelectric stack 110, the second piezoelectric stack 120, the third piezoelectric stack 130, and the fourth piezoelectric stack 140 are arranged sequentially around the first rod body 220 at 90° intervals. Increasing the number of piezoelectric stacks results in a superimposed and amplified vibration effect of the ultrasonic transducer. It should be noted that the number of piezoelectric stacks can also be set to three, five, or more. The operating principle is the same as in the present utility model.The scope of protection of the present utility model includes, but is not limited to, the cases listed in this exemplary embodiment.

[0028] Furthermore, the ultrasonic oscillator exhibits a linear vibration state and a torsional vibration state, wherein the ultrasonic oscillator is in the linear vibration state when the driving phase difference between the first piezoelectric stack 110, the second piezoelectric stack 120, the third piezoelectric stack 130 and the fourth piezoelectric stack 140 is 0°; and wherein the ultrasonic oscillator is in the torsional vibration state when the driving phase difference between any two adjacent piezoelectric stacks of the first piezoelectric stack 110, the second piezoelectric stack 120, the third piezoelectric stack 130 and the fourth piezoelectric stack 140 is 90°.In the linear vibration state, the four piezoelectric stacks oscillate synchronously along the axial direction of the material being drawn, creating a superimposed and amplified vibration effect and achieving good friction reduction. This vibration state is suitable for roughing in upstream drawing operations and can draw the outer diameter of the solder-coated material to a suitable range. In the torsional vibration state, the driving phase difference between four adjacent piezoelectric stacks is 90°, creating a torsional vibration, and the torsional force is greater than with two piezoelectric stacks. With two piezoelectric stacks, the torsional effect is only evident in two dimensions, whereas with three or four piezoelectric stacks, the torsional effect is three dimensions, resulting in complete surface hardening.Therefore, not only is a friction-reducing effect achieved on the material being drawn, but a surface hardening effect is also generated, resulting in plastic deformation of the surface, grain refinement, and the introduction of compressive residual stresses. This not only improves the surface quality of the wire and tube material but also increases the material's fatigue strength. The torsional vibration state is suitable for fine finishing in downstream drawing processes and can rework and straighten the roughly machined, solder-coated material.

[0029] In this embodiment, the first piezoelectric stack 110, the second piezoelectric stack 120, the third piezoelectric stack 130 and the fourth piezoelectric stack 140 are fastened between the base 210 and the first connecting body 230 by means of a first fastening screw 111, a second fastening screw 121, a third fastening screw 131 and a fourth fastening screw 141 respectively. Example III:

[0030] A pulling device, as in Fig. 7 and Fig. Figure 8 shows a drawing device comprising an ultrasonic transducer as described in the first embodiment, a mounting seat 400, and a mandrel 500; one end of the mandrel 500 is attached to the mounting seat 400, and the other end is inserted into the through-hole 250. The drawing device in this embodiment is used for drawing pipe material. The pipe material to be drawn is inserted into the through-hole 250, and the mandrel 500 is placed in the core of the pipe material. A drawing tong pulls the pipe material to be drawn to the right at the end of the pressure cap 260. The pipe material is guided through the drawing opening 310, and under the crushing action of the drawing die 300, the outer diameter of the pipe material is reduced. Throughout the entire drawing process, the ultrasonic transducer sets the drawing die 300 into a constant-frequency vibration.Depending on the drawing process, a choice can be made between the linear vibration state and the torsional vibration state.

[0031] Furthermore, an ultrasonic transducer is arranged on the mounting seat 400. The ultrasonic transducer provided here sets the mounting seat 400 and the mandrel 500 into vibration. The vibration of the mandrel 500 and the vibration of the drawing die 300 induce a vibration treatment on the inner and outer surfaces of the pipe material to be drawn, respectively, thereby producing a friction-reducing and surface-hardening effect. Example IV:

[0032] A pulling device, as in Fig. 9 and Fig.Figure 10 shows an ultrasonic transducer as described in the second embodiment, a mounting seat 400, and a mandrel 500; one end of the mandrel 500 is attached to the mounting seat 400, and the other end is inserted into the through-hole 250. The drawing device in this embodiment is used for drawing pipe material. The pipe material to be drawn is inserted into the through-hole 250, and the mandrel 500 is placed in the core of the pipe material. A drawing tong pulls the pipe material to be drawn to the right at the end of the pressure cap 260. The pipe material is guided through the drawing opening 310, and the outer diameter of the pipe material is reduced by the crushing action of the drawing die 300. Throughout the entire drawing process, the ultrasonic transducer sets the drawing die 300 into a constant-frequency vibration.Depending on the drawing process, a choice can be made between the linear vibration state and the torsional vibration state.

[0033] Furthermore, an ultrasonic transducer is arranged on the mounting seat 400. The ultrasonic transducer provided here sets the mounting seat 400 and the mandrel 500 into vibration. The vibration of the mandrel 500 and the vibration of the drawing die 300 induce a vibration treatment on the inner and outer surfaces of the pipe material to be drawn, respectively, thereby producing a friction-reducing and surface-hardening effect.

[0034] It should be noted that all directional terms (such as above, below, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present utility model serve only to explain the relative positional relationship, movement, etc. between the parts in a specific position (as shown in the drawings), and if this specific position is changed, the directional terms will be changed accordingly.

[0035] Furthermore, the descriptions such as "first," "second," "one," etc., in the present utility model serve only descriptive purposes and are not to be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of specified technical features. Thus, features designated as "first" and "second" explicitly or implicitly indicate that there is at least one such feature. In the description of the present utility model, "several" means at least two, e.g., two or three, unless expressly limited otherwise.

[0036] In this utility model, the terms "connection," "fastening," etc., are to be understood in a broad sense unless expressly stated otherwise and limited. For example, the "fastening" may be a fixed, a detachable, or an integrated connection; it may be a mechanical or an electrical connection; it may be connected directly or indirectly via an intermediate medium; it may be a connection within two components or an interaction between two components, unless expressly specified otherwise. The specific meaning of the aforementioned terms in this utility model may be understood by a person skilled in the art according to the specific circumstances.

[0037] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of this utility model can be combined, but only on the basis that they can be achieved by a person skilled in the art. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or not feasible, it is assumed that such a combination does not exist and is not within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

[1] Ultrasonic transducer for drawing solder-coated material, characterized by , that the ultrasonic transducer comprises a transducer and an amplitude transformer, wherein a through-hole is provided in the amplitude transformer and the amplitude transformer comprises a base, a first rod body, a first connecting body and a second rod body, which are connected successively from left to right, wherein the transducer is arranged between the base and the first connecting body and the transducer comprises at least two piezoelectric stacks, wherein the direction of vibration of the piezoelectric stacks is parallel to the direction of extension of the through-hole. [2] Ultrasonic transducer for drawing solder-coated material according to claim 1, characterized by, that the piezoelectric stacks comprise a first piezoelectric stack and a second piezoelectric stack, wherein the first piezoelectric stack and the second piezoelectric stack are arranged at symmetrical positions on both sides of the first rod body. [3] Ultrasonic transducer for drawing solder-coated material according to claim 2, characterized by , that the ultrasonic oscillator has a linear vibration state and a torsional vibration state, wherein the ultrasonic oscillator is in the linear vibration state when the driving phase difference between the first piezoelectric stack and the second piezoelectric stack is 0°; and wherein the ultrasonic oscillator is in the torsional vibration state when the driving phase difference between the first piezoelectric stack and the second piezoelectric stack is 180°. [4] Ultrasonic transducer for drawing solder-coated material according to claim 1, characterized by , that the piezoelectric stacks comprise a first piezoelectric stack, a second piezoelectric stack, a third piezoelectric stack and a fourth piezoelectric stack, wherein the first piezoelectric stack, the second piezoelectric stack, the third piezoelectric stack and the fourth piezoelectric stack are arranged successively around the first rod body at a distance of 90°. [5] Ultrasonic transducer for drawing solder-coated material according to claim 4, characterized by, that the ultrasonic oscillator has a linear vibration state and a torsional vibration state, wherein the ultrasonic oscillator is in the linear vibration state when the driving phase difference between the first piezoelectric stack, the second piezoelectric stack, the third piezoelectric stack and the fourth piezoelectric stack is 0°; and wherein the ultrasonic oscillator is in the torsional vibration state when the driving phase difference between any two adjacent piezoelectric stacks of the first piezoelectric stack, the second piezoelectric stack, the third piezoelectric stack and the fourth piezoelectric stack is 90°. [6] Ultrasonic transducer for drawing solder-coated material according to claim 1, characterized by , that the piezoelectric stacks are fastened between the base and the first connecting body by means of fastening screws. [7] Ultrasonic transducer for drawing solder-coated material according to claim 1, characterized by , that the amplitude transformer further comprises a pressure cap in which the through-hole is provided, and a mounting groove is provided at an end of the second rod body facing away from the first connecting body, in which a drawing die is received, wherein the pressure cap is firmly connected to the mounting groove. [8] Ultrasonic transducer for drawing solder-coated material according to claim 7, characterized by , that a drawing opening is provided in the drawing die, the diameter of which gradually decreases from an end facing the piezoelectric stacks to an end facing the pressure cap. [9] Drawing device for drawing solder-coated material, characterized by, that the drawing device comprises an ultrasonic transducer according to one of claims 1 to 8, a mounting seat and a mandrel, wherein one end of the mandrel is attached to the mounting seat and the other end is inserted into the through hole. [10] Drawing device for drawing solder-coated material according to claim 9, characterized by , that the ultrasonic transducer is located at the mounting point.

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