COVERING SYSTEM FOR INSULATION DEVICES ON BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a covering system for insulation devices on building structures and load-bearing structures.

[0002] A covering system of this type is already known from document DE 10 2010 047 242 AI. In the known system, thermal insulation boards can be attached to a building substrate, such as masonry, by means of anchoring elements in the form of dowel screws. At the ends of the anchoring elements facing away from the building substrate, there are retaining plates that protrude slightly from the outer surface of the thermal insulation boards, forming attachment points for building components, for example, in the form of panel-shaped facade elements. These building components are anchored by means of an adhesive connection consisting of adhesive elements that are fixed to the plate-shaped attachment points on the thermal insulation boards, and corresponding adhesive elements of a connecting device located on the side of the panel-shaped building components facing the thermal insulation boards.This connecting device has a support surface which, with one side in contact with the respective plate-shaped component over a large area, is firmly connected to it, and on its other side forms the adhesive locking elements that can be brought into adhesive engagement with the corresponding adhesive locking elements at the plate-like mounting points. This type of anchoring by forming an adhesive lock allows for simple and quick attachment of the plate-shaped components, with the advantageous possibility of subsequent realignment or, if necessary, replacement of components by releasing the formed adhesive lock. However, the known solution is not entirely satisfactory insofar as the security of the fastening depends on the properties of the plate-shaped components.This means that the secure attachment of the carrier surface with the adhesive fasteners is highly dependent on the surface properties of the component being attached, thus limiting the use of suitable materials for such facade elements. Difficulties arise particularly with building components made of closed-cell foams.

[0003] US Patent 5,110,649 describes a fastening device, specifically with hooks and loops, for attachment to other objects, such as polyurethane foam seat cushions for automobiles, furniture, and the like. In this process, part of a fastening element is incorporated into a foam object during the molding process in order to be attached to another object that carries the counterpart of the fastening element.

[0004] Further covering systems are shown in WO 2009 / 123768 A2, EP 1 795 654 A2, DE 197 52 819 AI, EP 0 990 746 AI, US 5 482 755 A, DE 10 2004 015 321 AI, EP 2 365 156 A1, GB 2 188 080 A and US 5 490 890 A.

[0005] In view of this problem, the invention aims to provide a covering system which, while maintaining the advantages offered in the aforementioned prior art, enables the secure fixing of components made of closed-cell foam materials.

[0006] According to the invention, this problem is solved by a covering system which has all the features of claim 1.

[0007] According to claim 1, a key feature of the invention is that a reactive functional surface is attached to the side of the carrier surface facing away from the adhesive closure elements as a further component of the connection device, which is permanently bonded to a preferably closed-cell foam material of the cover system under a predefinable forming pressure and a predefinable reaction temperature. .

[0008] Unlike conventional adhesive bonding, this method involves a melting process under pressure at a reaction temperature between the substrate and the component via a reactive functional surface located on the substrate. This allows for a secure bond between the substrate and components, even if the components have surface properties unsuitable for conventional adhesive bonds. In particular, this offers the advantageous possibility of securely attaching the substrate to components with unfavorable surface properties, such as preferably closed-cell foam materials, for example, expanded or foam glass or polystyrene.

[0009] Advantageously, the reaction surface is laminated onto the support surface as a film or otherwise connected to it in a form-fitting or material-bonded manner.

[0010] According to claim 1, the reactive functional surface is connected to a grid or mesh structure that fully covers the support surface and is reactively connected to it. The connection device thus formed is characterized by particularly favorable structural properties.

[0011] For bonding with expanded or foam glass, preferably a closed-cell foam material, the reactive functional surface can advantageously be formed from a thermo-adhesive polyurethane resin film. During the molding process, the polyurethane ideally also chemically bonds with the binder, which is typically added to the foam glass. Alternatively, for bonding with polystyrene, preferably a closed-cell foam material, the reactive functional surface can be formed from modified polyethylene.

[0012] With regard to the support surface, the arrangement can preferably be made of a velour with closed pile threads or of a knitted fabric, preferably made of polyamide 6 plastic material.

[0013] With regard to the design of the adhesive closure, the arrangement can advantageously be such that one of the adhesive closure elements is a hook-type closure material that can be firmly connected to wall parts of the building or supporting structure or to the side of the respective insulation device that faces the adhesive closure elements of the supporting surface of the connecting device.

[0014] When producing the bond using the reactive functional surface, it is particularly advantageous to proceed as follows: at a reaction temperature of 120 °C to 150 °C, preferably between 130 °C and 150 °C, and especially between 135 °C and 140 °C, the reactive functional surface, designed as a polyurethane film, forms a bond with the expanded or foam glass under a predefinable forming pressure. This is because, within this temperature range, the binder added to the expanded or foam glass reacts at the desired rate. The binder not only bonds the individual granules of expanded and foam glass to one another, but also, desirablely, forms a chemical bond with the polyurethane film. The temperature behavior of the film is selected such that a specific viscosity range is achieved during forming, enabling a positive-locking bond with the expanded or foam glass.During demolding / cooling, the selected thermoplastic material exhibits sufficient cohesion to allow the manufactured composite to be demolded in a form-fitting manner.

[0015] In a type of insulation device where the connecting device is associated with a plate-shaped component made of expanded or foam glass, the cover system can have the following structure: Velour; reactive functional surface; grid or mesh structure; expanded or foam glass; and grid structure.

[0016] In the case of an insulation device where the connecting device is arranged on an insulating material to be attached to a substrate provided by the building, the cover system can have the following structure: Velour; reactive functional surface; closed-cell foam material, preferably in the form of polystyrene or polyurethane foam; and optionally, as a finishing layer, an expanded or foam glass cover for the closed-cell foam material:

[0017] The invention is explained in detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawing. The drawing shows: Fig. 1 shows a truncated longitudinal section of an insulation device for buildings, which is provided with an embodiment of the cover system according to the invention, wherein components of the associated connecting device and an adhesive closure formed with it are shown in a highly simplified schematic form and not to scale; Fig. 2 shows a perspective oblique view of the connecting device of an embodiment of a cover system not according to the invention, seen on the side of the support surface facing away from the adhesive closure elements; Fig. 3 shows one of the Fig. 2 A similar oblique view of the connecting device of an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 4 is a highly schematically simplified, enlarged and stretched representation of the structure of an embodiment of the cover system, in which the Fig. 3 The connection device shown is provided; and Fig. 5 one of the Fig. 4 Similar representation of the structure of the cover system according to the invention in application to a different type of insulation device.

[0018] The Fig. 1 Figure 1 shows an embodiment of the covering system according to the invention in conjunction with an insulation device 2, which comprises a succession of insulation panels 4 attached to a substrate provided by the building, such as a masonry wall 6. The insulation panels 4, the succession of which in Fig. 1 Only one is visible; they are made of rock wool or a closed-cell foam material such as polystyrene or polyurethane. In the case of the Fig. 1 In the example shown, the insulation panels 4 are fastened by means of dowel screws 8 with a washer head 18. The outer surface of these washer heads 18 each forms an attachment point for the cover system 20 associated with the insulation device 2. For this purpose, an adhesive closure element 22 is attached to the outer surface of each of the washer heads 18, for example by gluing or welding in the case of adhesive closure elements made of plastic.

[0019] At the in Fig. 1 In the example shown, the cover system 20 features plate-shaped components 26 as cover parts, which serve as facade elements and of which only one component 26 is in Fig. 1 This is visible. These building elements 26 are made of a closed-cell foam material, specifically in the form of expanded or foam glass. The use of expanded or foam glass is ecologically advantageous because this building material can be produced from recycled glass, which is fully recyclable in a closed-loop recycling system. This building material is very well suited as a facade component because expanded or foam glass is lightweight, thermally insulating, sound-insulating, pressure-resistant, non-combustible, acid-resistant, pest-proof, and easy to work with. Recycling is also possible in principle by remelting the expanded or foam glass.

[0020] As a foam material, such a building material does not inherently offer particularly favorable conditions for forming a permanent bond with an associated building structure or supporting structure. The cover system according to the invention solves this problem by means of the special design of the connecting device 24. Details of the construction of the connecting device 24 are described in the following. Fig. 3 bis 5 The main component of the connecting device 24 is a carrier surface 28, which forms an adhesive locking element 30 on one side. This corresponds to the adhesive locking element 22, which is located at the respective attachment point of the insulation device 2 – more precisely, on the plate-shaped cover parts 18 on the insulation panels 4. In the present example, the adhesive locking element 30 has interlocking elements in the form of loops or slings on the respective carrier surface 28, which interact with hook- or mushroom-shaped interlocking elements of the corresponding adhesive locking elements 22 of the insulation device 2. In the present example, the carrier surface 28 is made of a velour with closed pile threads or of a knitted fabric, for example, of polyamide-6 plastic material.The interlocking elements 32 on the velour of the carrier surface 28 and the interlocking elements for the adhesive closure elements 22 of the insulating device 2 can be formed in the manner known per se from document DE 10 2008 007 913 AI. In the present example, the interlocking elements 32 of the adhesive closure element 30 of the carrier surface 28 of the connecting device 24 are formed as loops or slings, while the adhesive closure elements 22 are interlocking elements in the form of mushroom heads.

[0021] On the side 34 of the carrier surface 28 facing away from the adhesive closure element 30, a functional surface 36 is attached as a further component of the connection device 24. This surface is laminated onto the carrier surface 28 as a film or otherwise positively or materially bonded to it. To create a permanent bond with a closed-cell foam material in the form of expanded or foam glass, the reactive functional surface 36 is formed from a thermo-adhesive polyurethane resin film. If polystyrene is used as the closed-cell foam material, the functional surface 36 is made of polyethylene. This thermo-adhesive layer enables a permanent bond with the closed-cell foam material of the respective component 26, for example, expanded or foam glass, through the application of pressure and heat.When using a polyurethane film as the functional surface 36, the bond can be formed by a melting process at reaction temperatures in the range of 120°C to 150°C and a forming pressure in the range of approximately 150 bar. With a polyurethane resin, a reaction temperature between 135°C and 140°C is preferably used.

[0022] The Fig. 3 and 4 show that the functional surface 36 is covered with a grid or mesh structure 38 which is reactively connected to the functional surface 36. The grid structure 38 can be formed from a fiberglass fabric.

[0023] How Fig. 4 As is also the case with the grid structure 38, a grid structure 40 can also be attached to the side of the building element 26 facing away from the connecting device 24. This can, for example, serve as a base element for an exterior facade plaster.

[0024] While Fig. 4 The structure of the connection system 24 for an isolation device 2 is illustrated, as it is used in Fig. 1 The diagram shows where the insulation panels 4 abut the existing masonry 6, illustrating the Fig. 5 a structure in which the connecting device 24 establishes a permanent connection between the masonry 6 and the thermal insulation panels 4. In this case, the reactive functional surface 36 enables the permanent bond between the support surface 28 and the closed-cell foam material of the insulation panels 4, for example, made of polystyrene or polyurethane. Optionally, as described in Fig. 5 Not shown, a building element or facade element, such as the building element 26 made of expanded or foam glass, could be attached to the outer surface 42 of the thermal insulation panels 4, with a connecting device 24 having a support surface 28 and a functional surface 36 being provided for the connection to the outer surface 42. The system could also include Fig. 5as part of the connection device: ting 24 an additional grid and net structure 38 is provided on the functional surface 36 of the respective connection device 24.

Claims

1. Covering system for insulation devices (2) on buildings and supporting structures, wherein the covering system has a connecting device (24) consisting of a support surface (28) which has adhesive closure elements (30) that can be connected to correspondingly designed adhesive closure elements (22), wherein a reactive functional surface (36) is attached on the side (34) of the support surface (28) facing away from the adhesive closure elements (30) as a further component of the connecting device (24), which is permanently connected with a preferably closed-cell foam material (4; 26) of the covering system (20) under predeterminable forming pressure and a predeterminable reaction temperature, wherein the reactive functional surface (36) is connected to a grid or net structure (38) that covers the entire support surface (28), wherein the reactive functional surface (36) is reactively connected to the grid or net structure (38).

2. Covering system according to claim 1, characterised in that the reactive functional surface (36) is laminated onto the support surface (28) as a film or is otherwise connected to it in a form-fitting or material-bonding manner.

3. Covering system according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the reactive functional surface (36) is formed as a preferably closed-cell foam material from a thermoadhesive film of polyurethane resin for connection to an expanded glass or foam glass (26), or that the reactive functional surface (36) is formed as a preferably closed-cell foam material from modified polyethylene for connection to a polystyrene material (4).

4. Covering system according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the support surface (28) is formed from a velour with closed pile threads or from a knitted fabric, preferably of polyamide-6 plastic material.

5. Covering system according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that one of the adhesive closure elements (22, 30) is a hook closure material (22) which can be firmly connected to wall parts (18) of the building or supporting structure or to the side of the respective insulation device (2) which faces the adhesive closure elements (30) of the support surface (28) of the connecting device.

6. Covering system according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at a reaction temperature of 120 °C to 150 °C, preferably between 130 °C and 150 °C, preferably between 135 °C and 140 °C, the reactive functional surface (36), which is designed to be thermoplastic, forms a bond with the expanded glass or foamed glass (26) as a preferably closed-cell foam material.

7. Covering system according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that it has the following structure for one type of insulation device (2): - velour (28); - reactive functional surface (36); - grid or mesh structure (38); - expanded glass or foamed glass (26); and - grid structure (40).

8. Covering system according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that it has the following structure for a further type of insulation device (2): - velour (28); - reactive functional surface (36); - closed-cell foam material (4), preferably in the form of polystyrene or polyurethane foam; and - optionally, as a finish, an expanded glass or foam glass cover for the closed-cell foam material.