METHOD FOR OPERATING AN EVAPORATION SYSTEM AND EVAPORATION SYSTEM

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a method for operating an evaporation system as well as an evaporation system and a lid according to the preambles of the independent claims.

[0002] Distillation processes and evaporation systems are used to evaporate substances, mixtures of substances, or media, as well as to distill / evaporate substances, mixtures of substances, or media. Since evaporation / distillation at atmospheric pressure and thus high temperatures can have harmful effects on the media to be evaporated, and various media only evaporate at very high temperatures, systems are used to which a negative pressure can be applied. Applying a negative pressure lowers the boiling point of a medium, making evaporation / distillation at lower temperatures than atmospheric pressure possible. Rotary evaporators are used in particular for this purpose. Rotary evaporators and processes for automated distillation are known. During the distillation process, a controller controls the applied negative pressure and adjusts it to the desired boiling point. One such process is disclosed, for example, in DE 203 00 046 U1.

[0003] Furthermore, temperature sensors arranged at the inlet and outlet of a cooler are known, whereby the amount of condensed distillate is calculated from the temperature difference and the flow rate of the cooling mechanism. Furthermore, the control of the heater and the pressure in the system enables optimal utilization of the cooler. Adaptation to static parameters occurs under optimal conditions. Distillation is usually only started when these optimal conditions are reached. DE 10 2008 051 364 B4 discloses such a system.

[0004] DE 101 03 441 A1 describes a process and apparatus for synthesizing solvent-containing mixtures using vacuum distillation. In this process, the mixture is brought to a predetermined distillation temperature that must not be exceeded. Starting from an initial ambient pressure, the system pressure is gradually reduced iteratively in discrete, predetermined time intervals to the boiling pressure corresponding to the distillation temperature.

[0005] The object of the invention is therefore to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, an energy-efficient, energy-saving, and cost-effective process and a corresponding evaporation system are to be provided.

[0006] This problem is solved by the features defined in the independent patent claims.

[0007] The invention relates to a method for operating an evaporation system, in particular a rotary evaporator, comprising the steps Providing a medium to be evaporated in a container, providing a heating device for heating the medium to be evaporated, providing a pressure control device for detecting and adjusting a pressure in the container, providing a cooling device for condensing evaporated media, detecting a temperature of the heating device and a temperature of the cooling device.

[0008] The following steps are also included: Detecting the pressure in the container, adjusting the pressure in the container such that the medium evaporates at an initial temperature which is greater than the temperature of the cooling device by a predetermined temperature difference (ΔT) and preferably condenses on the cooling device (4), adjusting the temperature of the heating device such that the temperature of the heating device is equal to the initial temperature, then adjusting the temperature of the heating device to a predetermined permanent temperature while simultaneously tracking the pressure according to a boiling curve of the medium, wherein the pressure (P) is continuously detected and the temperature (Tx) of the heating device is continuously adjusted according to the boiling curve and / or wherein the temperature (Tx) of the heating device is continuously detected and the pressure (P) is continuously adjusted according to the boiling curve, wherein evaporation and condensation take place continuously.

[0009] The predetermined temperature difference characterizes a temperature difference between the temperature of the cooling device and the temperature of the heating device and thus also the temperature of the medium to be evaporated, at which an efficient condensation and thus recovery of a medium that has passed into the gas phase is achieved.

[0010] The continuous temperature is the temperature of the heating device at which evaporation routinely occurs and depends on the medium to be evaporated or the substance contained in the medium. The medium used can be a single substance or a mixture of substances including a solvent or solvent mixture.

[0011] The continuous pressure is the pressure at which evaporation routinely occurs and depends on the medium to be evaporated or the substance contained in the medium. Continuous temperatures and pressures are known to those skilled in the art for the media to be evaporated and their contents.

[0012] The cooling device is provided for condensing evaporated media. In this way, the evaporated medium can condense at the cooling device, e.g., a reflux cooler, and be discharged, in particular, dripping and / or flowing into a collecting container. This serves to recover solvents or obtain distillates.

[0013] The aforementioned process allows the evaporation and distillation process to be started at a lower temperature rather than waiting until a steady-state temperature is reached. This enables an energy-efficient, cost-effective, and time-saving evaporation and / or distillation process.

[0014] Of course, the process can be carried out with all common evaporation systems, in particular rotary evaporators, glass tube evaporators, shaking evaporators, parallel evaporators or vortex evaporators.

[0015] The pressure can be adjusted depending on the measured temperature and the boiling curve of the medium to be evaporated. Likewise, the temperature can be adjusted depending on the measured pressure and the boiling curve of the medium to be evaporated. In this way, process parameters such as pressure and / or temperature can be adjusted along the boiling curve of the medium to be evaporated, ensuring optimal conditions for evaporation and distillation at all times.

[0016] System and / or environmental temperature and / or pressure fluctuations can be compensated, ensuring energy-efficient and cost-effective evaporation.

[0017] The boiling point (also called boiling temperature) is the temperature at which the liquid and gaseous phases of a medium are in thermodynamic equilibrium, i.e. at which the vapor pressure of the medium is equal to the external pressure acting on it. The temperature change of the vapor pressure is described by the Clausius-Clapeyron equation. Since the vapor pressure of a medium increases sharply with temperature, the boiling point can be lowered by applying negative pressure and the medium can be brought to the boil at a reduced pressure. While below the boiling point the temperature of the medium rises continuously with the corresponding input of thermal energy, at the boiling point it remains constant despite further input of energy until the liquid part of the medium has evaporated. From the boiling point onwards the supplied energy is only used to evaporate the medium.The boiling curve (P / T curve) of a medium describes a series of boiling points of a medium to be evaporated as a function of pressure or temperature.

[0018] The temperature of the cooling device can be set to a temperature that is lower than the temperature of the heating device by at least the previously defined temperature difference. Typically, the temperature of the cooling device is set lower, in particular 20 °C lower, than the boiling point of a medium to be evaporated. This improves the recovery of the evaporated medium.

[0019] Particularly when using a liquid cooler, the temperature of the incoming and / or outgoing cooling liquid can be measured using one or more temperature sensors located at the inlet and / or outlet of the cooling device. The system utilization can be determined using the temperature difference between the temperatures measured at the inlet and outlet of the cooling device. In this way, the temperature values ​​of the cooling device can be taken into account for the distillation process and process parameters such as the temperature of the heating device and / or the pressure can be adjusted. Examples of cooling devices include Dimroth coolers, intensive coolers, pear coolers, ball coolers, coil coolers, Liebig coolers, and simple finger coolers.

[0020] According to the invention, the pressure or temperature can be continuously measured and the temperature or pressure can be continuously adjusted according to the boiling curve. For example, evaporation is initiated upon commissioning of the evaporation system, and the temperature or pressure is adjusted based on the corresponding measured parameters. In this way, evaporation can occur over a certain temperature range even at low temperatures below the continuous temperature, i.e., when the heating device starts up.

[0021] The pressure and / or temperature can be continuously adjusted until the constant pressure and / or constant temperature are reached. This allows evaporation to begin as soon as the evaporation system is switched on or after a short period of time, and can be continuously adjusted until the constant pressure and / or constant temperature are reached. The advantage is that the temperature and / or pressure in the vessel are continuously adjusted according to a predefined boiling curve, thus avoiding or at least reducing downtimes of the evaporation system, for example, to heat up the medium.

[0022] The temperature of the cooling device can be continuously monitored and adjusted accordingly to be lower than the temperature of the heating device by at least the defined temperature difference. The temperature of the cooling device can also be kept constant at an initial temperature corresponding to the initial temperature minus the defined temperature difference. This improves the recovery of the evaporated medium.

[0023] The pressure can be regulated. Of course, the temperature can also be regulated. Effectively, a closed-loop and / or open-loop control system comprising the pressure and / or temperature variables is provided. Other variables that can be considered for the closed-loop and / or open-loop control of evaporation include the temperature of the cooling device, particularly measured at the inlet and outlet of a reflux cooler, the temperature of the medium to be evaporated, the temperature of the vapor, the rotation speed of the vessel, and the duration of evaporation.

[0024] Furthermore, the invention relates to an evaporation system, in particular a rotary evaporator, comprising a container for receiving a medium to be evaporated, a heating device for heating the medium to be evaporated, a pressure control device for detecting and setting a defined pressure in the container, a cooling device, in particular a liquid cooler, for condensing evaporated media, a temperature detection device for detecting a temperature of the heating device, a temperature detection device for detecting a temperature of the cooling device, a controller for setting the temperature of the heating device and the pressure as a function of a boiling curve of the medium to be evaporated.

[0025] The control system is designed in such a way that the pressure in the container is detected, the pressure in the container is adjusted such that the medium evaporates at an initial temperature which is higher than the temperature of the cooling device by a predetermined temperature difference and preferably condenses on the cooling device, the temperature of the heating device is adjusted such that the temperature of the heating device is equal to the initial temperature, the temperature of the heating device is adjusted to a predetermined permanent temperature after reaching the initial temperature and an initial pressure while simultaneously adjusting the pressure according to the boiling curve of the medium, wherein the pressure (P) is continuously detected and the temperature (Tx) of the heating device is continuously adjusted according to the boiling curve and / or wherein the temperature (Tx) of the heating device is continuously detected and the pressure (P) is continuously adjusted according to the boiling curve,where evaporation and condensation occur continuously.

[0026] In particular, the previously described process is feasible with this evaporation system. Therefore, the evaporation and distillation process of the evaporation system is not started when the permanent temperature is reached, but rather at a lower temperature. This enables an energy-efficient, cost-effective, and time-saving evaporation and / or distillation process.

[0027] Of course, the evaporation system can be a rotary evaporator, a glass tube evaporator, a shaking evaporator, a parallel evaporator or a vortex evaporator.

[0028] The cooling device allows the evaporated medium to condense and be discharged, particularly by dripping into a collecting container. This serves to recover solvents or obtain distillates. The cooling device can be a liquid cooler, for example.

[0029] The temperature detection device for detecting a temperature of the cooling device can include one or more temperature sensors on the cooling device. These can be arranged, in particular, at the inlet and / or outlet of the cooling device, in particular of a liquid cooler. The system utilization can be determined via the temperature difference between the temperatures measured at the inlet and outlet of the cooling device. In this way, temperature values ​​of the cooling device can be taken into account for the evaporation / distillation process, and process parameters such as the temperature of the heating device and / or the pressure can be adjusted.

[0030] The pressure control device for detecting and adjusting a defined pressure in the container can comprise one or more pressure sensors, which can be arranged in the container of the evaporation system. However, the sensors can also be arranged outside the container in a region of the evaporation system that is fluidically connected to the container. The values ​​thus determined can be used to regulate the operation of the evaporation system, for example, to adjust the pressure.

[0031] One or more temperature sensors can be installed in the evaporation system to measure the temperature of the gaseous and / or liquid medium. The measured values ​​can be used to directly monitor the temperature of the medium to be evaporated and, if necessary, to adjust the temperature of the heating device or the pressure in the container.

[0032] The evaporation system can have a controller comprising a user interface with input options. The evaporation system can have a memory for storing boiling curves of various media and / or other process parameters. Boiling curves can be created, saved, and selected via the user interface, thus adapting evaporation to the medium to be evaporated. The user interface can also have a control unit with display options for the evaporation process. Other parameters include the rotation speed of the container, the temperature of the cooling device, and the duration of evaporation, which can also be adjustable.

[0033] A further aspect not according to the invention relates to a lid for covering a heating bath, in particular a heating device of an evaporation system as explained above, comprising a handle and a lid element. The handle defines a standing surface such that a support surface of the lid element can be placed in a substantially vertical orientation in a standing position on a surface. A substantially vertical orientation of the support surface is understood here and below to mean an orientation which lies within a tolerance of ±30°, in particular ±20°, preferably ±10° from the vertical. In this way, the lid can be placed down and stowed away in a space-saving manner after being removed from a heating bath.Possible contact and thus burning of the skin of a user's hands or arms when placing the lid in a vertical standing position are avoided by providing a handle and aligning the support surface.

[0034] The lid element can be made of metal, particularly chrome steel, 1.4301 steel, 1.4306 steel, 1.4404 steel, and 1.4462 steel, or of plastic. The handle can be made of plastic, particularly PUR foam BAYDUR 110 ®< , MF 152, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) Pocan ®< , and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) TSG. This allows for advantageous properties regarding insulation between the lid element and handle, weight, and chemical resistance of the lid.

[0035] The lid element can have a channel for collecting condensate. When the lid is in the upright position, the channel is located in an area of ​​the lid element close to the surface. This prevents contamination of the base by dripping or running condensate.

[0036] The channel can be arranged so that it empties into the heating bath when placed on the heating bath. This allows the condensate to be recovered and prevents surface contamination.

[0037] An aspect not according to the invention further relates to an evaporation system, in particular a rotary evaporator, comprising a heating bath and a lid with a handle. These can be configured as explained above. The lid can be positioned on the heating bath. The handle defines a standing surface such that a support surface of the lid can be placed in a substantially vertical orientation in a standing position on a surface. A substantially vertical orientation is understood here and below to mean an orientation as defined above. By placing the lid or its support surface on the heating bath, cooling of the switched-off heating bath can be delayed. This reduces the energy input that must be expended to reach a desired temperature of the heating bath when restarting the evaporation system.

[0038] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments. In the drawings: Figure 1: A schematic representation of an evaporation system, Figure 2: A perspective view of an evaporation system according to the invention in the form of a rotary evaporator, Figure 3: Boiling curves of common solvents, Figure 4: A lid not according to the invention for covering a heating bath in different views.

[0039] Figure 1shows a schematic representation of an evaporation system 1 according to the invention, comprising a container 2 for holding a medium 11 to be evaporated and a heating device 3 for heating the medium 11 to be evaporated. When the boiling point of the medium 11 to be evaporated is reached, which depends on the applied pressure, evaporation of the same begins. Via the gas phase, the evaporated medium 11 comes into contact with the cooling device 4, which has a lower temperature than the boiling point of the medium 11 to be evaporated. A cooling liquid is introduced into the cooling device 4 through an inlet 13 and discharged via an outlet 14. The medium 11 condenses on the cooling device 4 and is collected as distillate 12 in the collecting container 5. The pressure in the container 2 is applied by means of a pump, which can be connected to the connection 15.

[0040] Figure 2shows a perspective view of an evaporation system 1 according to the invention in the form of a rotary evaporator. The evaporation system 1 comprises a container 2 for providing a medium 11 to be evaporated (cf. Fig. 1 ), a heating device 3 for heating the container 2, a pressure control device (not shown) for setting a pressure P in the container 2, a cooling device 4 for condensing evaporated media, temperature sensors for detecting the temperature T of the heating device 3 and the cooling device 4, and a controller 6 with a user interface 7 for controlling the temperature T of the heating device 3 and / or the pressure P depending on the medium to be evaporated. The temperature T and the pressure P are determined by a boiling curve (cf. Fig. 3 ) of the medium to be evaporated. Container 2 contains a medium 11 to be evaporated (cf. Fig. 1), which comprises a substance or a mixture of substances and a solvent or a mixture of solvents. The pressure P in the container 2 is recorded. The pressure P in the container 2 is set such that the medium 11 evaporates at an initial temperature TA which is greater than the temperature TK of the cooling device by a predetermined temperature difference ΔT and condenses on the cooling device 4. The temperature TH of the heating device 3 is set such that the temperature TH of the heating device 3 is equal to the initial temperature TA. The temperature TH of the heating device 3 is set to a predetermined permanent temperature T Dauer while simultaneously adjusting the pressure P in accordance with the boiling curve of the medium 11.

[0041] Furthermore, the evaporation system 1 comprises a collecting container 5. The cooling device 4 has a lower temperature corresponding to the defined temperature difference ΔT than the heating device 3. Thus, the evaporated portion of the medium condenses on the cooling device 4. This distillate 12 (cf. Fig. 1 ) can drip or be discharged into the collecting container 5.

[0042] According to the invention, the pressure P can be adjusted as a function of the detected temperature T and a boiling curve of the medium to be evaporated and / or the temperature TH as a function of a detected pressure P and a boiling curve of the medium 11 to be evaporated. The pressure P is adjusted as a function of the detected temperature TH of the heating device 3 until a continuous temperature T continuous and a continuous pressure P continuous are reached. The controller 6 enables continuous adjustment of the pressure P and / or the temperature TH and thus continuous evaporation and distillation starting with reaching the initial temperature TA of the evaporation system 1. Settings are made at the user interface 7 and boiling curves are programmed, stored and / or called up. In addition to temperature and pressure settings based on the boiling curves of a medium 11 to be evaporated, the settings include parameters such asa rotation speed of the container 2, the temperature of the cooling device 4 and the duration of evaporation.

[0043] Figure 3 shows boiling curves of common solvents. The abscissa represents the temperature in °C. The ordinate represents the pressure in mbar. Plotting boiling temperatures at corresponding ambient pressures results in a boiling curve of a medium to be evaporated (see Fig. 1 ) and illustrates the dependence of temperature and ambient pressure P on the boiling or evaporation of a medium 11. Typically, a low temperature requires a low pressure P, and a high temperature requires a high pressure P. Alternatively, a low pressure P requires a low temperature in order to set a heating device 3 of an evaporation system 1 according to a boiling point of a medium 11 to be evaporated, and a high pressure P requires a high temperature T.

[0044] When temperatures change, for example when the temperature TH of the heating device 3 increases (see Fig. 2 ), the pressure P is increased accordingly, thus adjusting the evaporation system to a predetermined boiling curve. Of course, the measured temperature of the medium 11 to be evaporated in combination with the pressure P in the container 2 (cf. Fig. 1 ) are taken into account and can be adjusted or re-adjusted to a given boiling curve.

[0045] A predefined temperature difference between the temperature TK of the cooling device and the temperature TH of the heating device defines an initial temperature TA at which evaporation and distillation are possible.

[0046] Examples of solvents include acetone, benzene, chlorobenzene, 1,2-dichloroethane, dichloromethane, diethyl ether, dioxane, acetic acid, ethanol, ethyl acetate, heptane, hexane, methanol, pentane, n-propyl alcohol, tetrachloroethylene, toluene, trichloroethylene, trichloromethane, water, and xylenes. However, the process is not limited to these solvents or mixtures of the aforementioned solvents. Other common solvents are known to the person skilled in the art.

[0047] A continuous temperature T duration of the heating device 3 (cf. Fig. 1) depends on the medium to be evaporated and can in particular assume values ​​from room temperature up to 220 °C. Continuous temperatures T duration for the operation of an evaporation system depend on the medium to be evaporated and the ingredients it contains. Operating an evaporation system at a reduced continuous temperature T duration with a corresponding continuous pressure P duration is gentler on the medium to be evaporated or the ingredient. Furthermore, a number of media only enter the gas phase at extremely high temperatures. Lowering the boiling point is therefore advantageous. Common continuous temperatures T duration and continuous pressures P duration are known to those skilled in the art.

[0048] Examples include a temperature TK of a cooling device 4, an initial temperature TA , a continuous temperature T duration , an initial pressure PA and a continuous pressure P duration for optimal evaporation using an exemplary solvent in Figure 3highlighted.

[0049] The temperature of the heating device or medium, the temperature TK of the cooling device, and the pressure in the container are recorded. Based on the recorded temperature TK of the cooling device, the initial temperature TA is determined so that this initial temperature TA is higher than the temperature TK of the cooling device by a predetermined temperature difference. Based on this determined initial temperature TA and the boiling curve corresponding to the medium to be evaporated, the initial pressure PA is determined. The pressure in the container is set to this initial pressure PA. The temperature of the heating device is set such that the temperature of the heating device is equal to the initial temperature TA, so that the medium evaporates and condenses on the cooling device.The temperature of the heating device is then adjusted to a predetermined continuous temperature (T duration) while simultaneously adjusting the pressure until a continuous pressure (P duration) is reached, corresponding to the boiling curve of the medium. Continuous evaporation and condensation occur.

[0050] Figure 4shows a lid 21 not according to the invention for covering a heating bath in four views, one front view (A), two rear views (B and D) and one view from above (D). The further explanations relate to all four views. The lid 21 according to the invention comprises a handle 22, a standing surface 23, a channel 26 and a cover element 27 with a support surface 28. The handle 22 defines the standing surface 23. The lid 21 is placed in a standing position on a surface by means of the standing surface 23. The cover element 27 with its support surface 28 is aligned essentially vertically on the surface. When the lid 21 is placed in the standing position, the channel 26 is arranged in a region of the cover element 27 close to the surface, i.e. at the bottom, and serves to collect condensate. The channel 26 is arranged in such a way that it empties into a heating bath when placed on the heating bath.The lid element 27 is preferably made of metal and the handle 22 is preferably made of plastic according to the materials previously mentioned in the description.

Claims

1. Method for evaporating and condensing a medium with an evaporation system (1), in particular a rotary evaporator, comprising the steps of - Providing a medium (11) to be vaporized in a container (2), - Providing a heating device (3) for heating the medium (11) to be vaporized, - Providing a pressure control device for detecting and setting a pressure (P) in the container (2), - Providing a cooling device (4) for condensing vaporized media (11), - Detection of a temperature (TH) of the heating device (3) and a temperature (TK) of the cooling device (4), - Detection of the pressure (P) in the container (2), - Adjusting the pressure (P) in the container (2) in such a way that the medium (11) evaporates at an initial temperature (TA) which is greater than the temperature (TK) of the cooling device (4) by a predetermined temperature difference (ΔT) and condenses on the cooling device (4), - Setting the temperature (TH) of the heating device (3) in such a way that the temperature (TH) of the heating device (3) is equal to the initial temperature (TA), Subsequent adjustment of the temperature (TH) of the heating device (3) to a predetermined continuous temperature (Tcontin-uous) with simultaneous tracking of the pressure (P) in accordance with a boiling curve of the aforementioned medium (11), characterized in that - the pressure (P) is continuously recorded and the temperature (TH) of the heating device (3) is continuously adjusted according to the boiling curve and / or - the temperature (TH) of the heating device (3) is continuously recorded and the pressure (P) is continuously adjusted according to the boiling curve, - whereby evaporation and condensation take place continuously.

2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that - the pressure (P) is set as a function of the detected temperature (TH) of the heating device (3) and the boiling curve of the medium (11) to be vaporized and / or - the temperature (TH) of the heating device (3) is set as a function of a detected pressure (P) and the boiling curve of the medium (11) to be vaporized.

3. Method according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the temperature (TK) of the cooling device (4) is set to a temperature which is lower than the temperature of the heating device (TH) by at least the defined temperature difference (ΔT).

4. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the temperature (TK) of the cooling device (4) is continuously detected and correspondingly set lower than the temperature (TH) of the heating device (3) by at least the defined temperature difference (ΔT).

5. Evaporation system (1), in particular a rotary evaporator, comprising - a container (2) for holding a medium (11) to be vaporized, - a heating device (3) for heating the container (2), - a pressure control device for detecting and setting a pressure (P) in the container (2), - a cooling device (4), in particular a liquid cooler, for condensing vaporized media (11), - a temperature detection device for detecting a temperature (TH) of the heating device (3), - a temperature detection device for detecting a temperature (TK) of the cooling device (4), - a control (6) for adjusting the temperature (TH) of the heating device (3) and the pressure (P) as a function of a boiling curve of the medium (11) to be vaporized, characterized in that the control (6) is designed in such a way that - the pressure (P) in the container (2) is detected, - the pressure (P) in the container (2) is set in such a way that the medium (11) evaporates at an initial temperature (TA) which is greater than the temperature (TK) of the cooling device (4) by a predetermined temperature difference (ΔT) and preferably condenses on the cooling device (4), - the temperature (TH) of the heating device (3) is set in such a way that the temperature (TH) of the heating device (3) is equal to the initial temperature (TA), - the temperature (TH) of the heating device (3) is set to a predetermined continuous temperature (Tcontinuous) after reaching the initial temperature (TA) and an initial pressure (PA), with simultaneous tracking of the pressure (P) in accordance with the boiling curve of the aforementioned medium (11) - the pressure (P) is continuously recorded and the temperature (TH) of the heating device (3) is continuously adjusted according to the boiling curve and / or - the temperature (TH) of the heating device (3) is continuously recorded and the pressure (P) is continuously adjusted according to the boiling curve, - whereby evaporation and condensation take place continuously.

6. Evaporation system (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that a control (6) is provided, comprising a user interface (7) with an option for selecting a preset, in particular stored, boiling curve or for entering a boiling curve.

7. Evaporation system (1) according to one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that the control is designed in such a way that when the evaporation system (1) is switched on, the defined initial temperature (TA) is set as the temperature (TH) of the heating device (3).

8. Evaporation system (1) according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that one or more temperature sensors for detecting the temperature (TK) are arranged on the cooling device (4), in particular at its inlet and / or outlet.

9. Evaporation system (1) according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that one or more pressure sensors for detecting the pressure (P) are arranged in the container (2) or in a region of the evaporation system (1) fluidically connected to the container (2).

10. Evaporation system (1) according to one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that one or more temperature sensors for detecting the temperature of the medium (11) are arranged in the evaporation system (1).