OVEN

Description

[0001] The invention relates to an oven according to the preamble of the independent patent claim.

[0002] Baking ovens are known and published in various designs. The device according to the invention preferably relates to an industrial baking oven for producing baked products, such as an oven for producing flat waffles or hollow waffles.

[0003] Such ovens are designed, for example, as so-called baking tongs machines. In these special baking ovens, baking tongs that can be folded up and down are provided along an endless conveyor, which each form a baking pan, especially when closed. The baking tongs are usually continuously conveyed through the baking oven along the endless conveyor. A baking mixture is applied to an opened pair of baking tongs. The baking tongs are then folded down, locked and, in accordance with the state of the art, conveyed through an opening in the front wall into the hot baking chamber. The baked product is then conveyed through the baking chamber in the closed baking tongs and baked there. The closed baking tongs are then conveyed through an opening in the front wall into the front of the baking system and opened there so that the baked product can be removed. The cycle then begins again.

[0004] There is now a market demand for ovens for the industrial production of baked goods that are more efficient, especially energy efficient. Previously, energy efficiency was improved, for example, by making the baking chamber as closed as possible. This reduced heat loss. Other measures to increase efficiency include the use of radiant burners or the regulation of the air supply or exhaust.

[0005] According to the state of the art, baking devices of this type always have a so-called pre-head, where the baked product is removed and where the batter is poured on. Since mechanically complex structures are located in this area, the pre-head of a baking machine according to the state of the art has an openable door that allows a service person to inspect components such as the batter pourer or the waffle sheet removal device and repair them if necessary. To cool this pre-head, conventional baking machines usually have a separate exhaust for the pre-head. Furthermore, the pre-head is largely separated from the baking chamber by a pre-head wall. A disadvantage of these conventional designs is that the baking plates in the pre-head cool down. This cooling reduces the efficiency of an oven.

[0006] Conventional devices are known, among others, from JP 2014 090697 A, BE 535 850, US 5,787,800 A, DE 20 2005 013 663 U1 and DE 2 030 230 A1.

[0007] The object of the invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, the object of the invention is to provide an oven with improved efficiency.

[0008] The object of the invention is achieved in particular by the features of the independent patent claim.

[0009] The invention relates to an oven for producing baked, preferably edible, products, namely flat waffles or hollow waffles. The oven comprises several openable and closable baking tongs arranged along an endless conveyor, which, when lined up one after the other, a baking mixture application area for applying a baking mixture to an open baking tong, wherein the baking mixture has a liquid or a liquid-pasty consistency, a closing area for closing the baking tongs, an opening area for opening the baking tongs, and a baked product removal area for removing the baked products from the open baking tongs, wherein the endless conveyor for baking the baked products in the closed baking tongs extends through a baking chamber, wherein the endless conveyor or at least the baking tongs run along an upper transport plane, are then deflected in a rear deflection area to a lower transport plane running below the upper transport plane, then continue along the lower transport plane and are deflected again in a front deflection area to the upper transport plane,wherein at least one heating arrangement is provided in the baking chamber for heating the baking tongs located in the baking chamber, wherein the heating arrangement comprises two heating devices which are designed as radiant heating devices, wherein the baking mass application area, the closing area, the opening area and the baked product removal area are arranged within the baking chamber, so that the baking chamber extends substantially over the entire baking oven, wherein the upper transport level, the rear deflection area, the lower transport level and the front deflection area are arranged within the baking chamber, wherein the baking chamber is designed as a substantially closed baking chamber which is surrounded on all sides by heat-insulated baking chamber walls, and wherein the baking chamber is heated to over 100°C in baking operation by the heating arrangement in the baking mass application area, in the closing area, in the opening area, in the baked product removal area and in the front deflection area,preferably heated to above 150°C or particularly preferably to above or about 175°C. ,

[0010] According to the invention, the baking chamber walls are provided with thermal insulation in the baking mass application area, the closing area, the opening area, the baked product removal area and the front deflection area.

[0011] According to the invention, it is also provided that the heating devices each have a porous body on their underside, in which and / or on the surface of which a fuel mixture is burned and is preferably burned substantially flame-free, and that the porous body is or contains, for example, a metal mesh, a wire mesh or a metal mesh.

[0012] According to the invention, it is further provided that in the baking mass application area, a baking mass application device projects into the baking chamber, wherein the baking mass application device comprises in particular a baking mass supply line and a pourer for conveying and applying the baking mass, and that the section of the baking mass application device projecting into the baking chamber is provided with thermal insulation and / or cooling for thermally insulating or decoupling the baking mass to be fed in from the hot baking chamber.

[0013] If necessary, it is provided that the entire endless conveyor or at least all baking tongs arranged on the endless conveyor are arranged within the baking chamber, in particular during baking operation.

[0014] If appropriate, it is provided that in at least one of the baking chamber walls, in particular in a side baking chamber wall, at least one viewing window is provided to enable visual inspection of the baking mass application area, the closing area, the opening area and / or the baked product removal area from the outside.

[0015] Optionally, it is provided that the viewing window is designed as an insulating window arrangement which comprises two panes spaced parallel from one another with an insulating space therebetween and in which at least the inner pane is designed to be temperature-resistant, in particular temperature-resistant up to approximately 250°C or more.

[0016] If appropriate, it is provided that the viewing window or at least one of the panes of the insulating window arrangement is / are designed to be laser-safe and in particular comprises a filter for laser radiation from a cleaning laser.

[0017] Where appropriate, at least one exhaust duct is provided to remove the gases generated by the heating arrangement from the baking chamber.

[0018] If necessary, it is provided that an exhaust in the baking mixture application area, in the closing area, in the opening area, in the baked product removal area or in the front deflection area flows into the baking chamber or branches off from the baking chamber.

[0019] If necessary, it is provided that one or more flues between the heating arrangement and the closing area lead into the baking chamber or branch off from the baking chamber.

[0020] If necessary, an adjustable exhaust fan is provided to extract the combustion chamber gas through an exhaust.

[0021] If necessary, a light source is provided to illuminate the baking mixture application area, the closing area, the opening area and / or the baked product removal area.

[0022] If appropriate, it is provided that at least one image recording device, such as in particular a video camera, is provided, which is directed towards the baking mass application area, the closing area, the opening area and / or the baked product removal area.

[0023] If necessary, it is provided that the image recording device and / or the light source is provided with thermal insulation and / or cooling for insulation or thermal decoupling from the hot baking chamber.

[0024] An embodiment of the invention also relates in particular to an oven, in which a clearing arrangement is provided for the automatic or automated discharge of baking waste accumulating in the baking chamber, wherein the clearing arrangement comprises a clearing conveyor surface which runs below the endless conveyor along the longitudinal extent of the endless conveyor, wherein the clearing arrangement has clearing elements arranged along an endless clearing conveyor which are or are moved by the clearing conveyor along the clearing conveyor surface in order to convey the baking waste, and wherein the clearing conveyor designed as an endless conveyor or at least the clearing elements attached to the clearing conveyor together define an upper section and a lower section arranged below the upper section. Optionally, it is provided that the clearing conveyor surface is arranged between the upper section and the lower section.

[0025] Optionally, it is provided that the clearing conveyor surface is arranged directly below the upper section, and that the baking waste is discharged along the clearing conveyor surface by movement of the clearing elements of the upper section. Optionally, it is provided that the direction of movement of the clearing elements of the upper section runs from the rear deflection area of ​​the endless conveyor of the baking tongs towards the front deflection area of ​​the endless conveyor of the baking tongs. Optionally, it is provided that the direction of movement of the clearing elements of the upper section follows the direction of movement of the baking plates along the lower transport plane.

[0026] If appropriate, it is provided that thermal insulation is provided between the upper section and the lower section of the clearing arrangement, and that the thermal insulation is arranged in particular below the clearing conveyor surface or directly below the clearing conveyor surface.

[0027] If necessary, it is provided that the clearing arrangement, in particular the clearing conveyor surface, delimits the baking chamber or at least forms one of the baking chamber walls.

[0028] If necessary, it is provided that the baking chamber or its baking chamber walls, in particular in the front deflection area, have at least one opening for dispensing the baked products and / or for discharging the baking waste.

[0029] According to the invention, it is therefore proposed that the baking oven no longer comprise a front head in the conventional sense. A front head wall, which separates the baking mixture application area, the closing area, the opening area, and / or the baked product removal area from the baking chamber, can be omitted in the baking oven according to the invention. As a result, the baking mixture application area, the closing area, the opening area, and the baked product removal area are located within the baking chamber. This baking chamber thus extends essentially over the entire baking oven. The elimination of a cool front head improves the efficiency of the baking oven.

[0030] To further increase the oven's efficiency, it is beneficial to reduce maintenance times as much as possible. Several measures are proposed for this purpose.

[0031] In particular, it may be advantageous to provide a viewing window in at least one of the baking chamber walls, which, despite the hot, closed baking chamber, allows for a visual inspection of the baking mixture application area, the closing area, the opening area, and / or the baked product removal area without having to stop the baking process. Preferably, this viewing window is designed as an insulating window arrangement, so that, in particular, the temperature of the outer pane is lower than the baking chamber temperature, thus reducing heat loss.

[0032] According to the invention, the baking mixture application device is at least partially provided with thermal insulation and / or cooling. Otherwise, there is a risk that the baking mixture or dough will solidify during feeding within the baking mixture application device and thus clog the pouring nozzle of the baking mixture application device. This measure becomes necessary, in particular, if the baking mixture application device is located within the baking chamber or is not arranged within a relatively cool pre-head.

[0033] Furthermore, an image recording device and / or a light source can be provided. These measures also allow the baking process to be observed without having to stop the baking process and without disrupting production.

[0034] Furthermore, it can be provided that the baking waste accumulating in the baking chamber can be removed from the oven via an automated or automatic clearing arrangement - and this can also be done without having to stop the baking process.

[0035] In contrast to conventional ovens of this type, the efficiency of the oven according to the invention is greatly improved by the various measures.

[0036] The subject matter of the invention is defined by the patent claims. The measures and designs disclosed herein can also be provided independently of one another in conventional baking ovens to improve their efficiency. Such independent measures or designs include, for example, the elimination of the front wall, the arrangement of the baking mixture application area, the closing area, the opening area, and the baked product removal area within the baking chamber, the arrangement of the front and rear deflection areas within the baking chamber, the arrangement of all baking tongs or the endless conveyor in the baking chamber, the provision of a viewing window, the use of an adjustable exhaust fan, the thermal insulation and / or cooling of the baking mixture application device, the camera monitoring of relevant areas, and / or the special design of the clearing arrangement.If necessary, these measures and constructions, in particular the arrangement of a viewing window, the use of an adjustable exhaust fan, the thermal insulation and / or the cooling of the baking mass application device, the camera monitoring of relevant areas and / or the special design of the clearing arrangement, can also be provided on an oven which comprises a front head separated by a front head wall.

[0037] Optionally, the invention relates to an oven for producing baked, preferably edible, products, comprising a baking chamber with a lower baking area and an upper baking area arranged above the lower baking area, a baking tong chain which is moved continuously in a circumferential manner along an upper transport plane through the upper baking area and along a lower transport plane through the lower baking area, and which contains baking tongs which can be folded open and closed.

[0038] If necessary, it is provided that the baking tongs each comprise an upper plate arrangement and a lower plate arrangement, between which a baking pan for the baked products is formed in the closed position.

[0039] If appropriate, it is provided that the upper plate arrangement and the lower plate arrangement each have a back surface on their side facing away from the baking mold, which are each connected to the baking mold via a heat-conducting and storing base body.

[0040] If necessary, it is provided that the baking tongs are turned over during the transition from the upper transport level to the lower transport level, so that the upper plate arrangement arranged above the lower plate arrangement in the upper transport level is arranged below the lower plate arrangement in the lower transport level.

[0041] In all embodiments, the invention relates to an oven for producing crispy, brittle flat waffles or hollow waffles. In these ovens, folding baking tongs are guided through a heated baking chamber of an oven. The crispy, brittle consistency of the baked products results from the fact that baking mixtures or doughs with a high water content of approximately 50-70% are baked under high pressure. The water in the baking mixture escapes very quickly in the form of steam, leaving behind a porous, brittle structure. In order to be able to carry out the baking process under high pressure, a locking device is provided. This can be used to lock the baking tongs, allowing overpressure to build up inside. Only through this overpressure can the desired baking process be achieved. The locking devices are preferably provided on the baking tongs and are actuated in or after the closing area.

[0042] Optionally, it is provided that at least one upper heating device designed as a radiant heating device and at least one lower heating device designed as a radiant heating device are provided, in each of which a combustion mixture containing primary oxygen and a fuel is burned.

[0043] In all embodiments, the baking mixture has a liquid or a liquid-pasty consistency.

[0044] If necessary, it is provided that the upper heating device is arranged in the upper baking area and above the upper transport level and is directed from above onto the back surface of the upper plate arrangement in order to heat the baking pan.

[0045] If necessary, it is provided that the lower heating device is arranged in the lower baking area between the upper transport level and the lower transport level and is directed from above onto the back surface of the lower plate arrangement in order to heat the baking pan.

[0046] According to the invention, it is provided that the heating devices each have a porous body on their underside, in which and / or on the surface of which the fuel mixture is burned and is preferably burned substantially flame-free, and that the porous body is or contains, for example, a metal mesh, a wire mesh or a metal mesh.

[0047] Optionally, it is provided that a conveying device, such as in particular a fan for supplying the fuel mixture to a heating device, is provided, and that the heating output of the heating device can be changed via control and / or regulation of the conveying device, and preferably that the upper heating device is connected to an upper conveying device and the lower heating device is connected to a lower conveying device, so that the heating outputs of the upper heating device and the lower heating device can be changed separately from one another, in particular can be controlled or regulated separately.

[0048] Optionally, it is provided that several upper heating devices and / or several lower heating devices are provided, and preferably that the heating outputs of the upper heating devices and the lower heating devices are separately variable, in particular separately controllable or separately adjustable, or preferably that the heating outputs of two upper heating devices are separately variable, in particular separately controllable or separately adjustable, or preferably that the heating outputs of two lower heating devices are separately variable, in particular separately controllable or separately adjustable

[0049] Where appropriate, the exhaust opening is arranged along the convection flow direction of the baking chamber gas away from the heating devices so that the hot rising baking chamber gas is guided horizontally through the baking chamber before exiting through the exhaust opening.

[0050] Optionally, it is provided that an upper heating device and a lower heating device are provided in the region of the rear deflection region of the baking tongs chain and / or immediately before and after the rear deflection region of the baking tongs chain, and that the exhaust opening is arranged along the convection flow direction of the baking chamber gas away from the heating devices, preferably in the vicinity of the baking mass application region, the closing region, the opening region and / or the baked product removal region.

[0051] If appropriate, it is provided that a front part of the oven is provided in which the baking tongs are guided and deflected from the lower transport level into the upper transport level, that in the front part of the oven, in particular along the upper transport level, a device for opening the baking tongs, a dispensing station, a loading station and a device for closing the baking tongs are arranged one behind the other in the direction of travel of the baking tongs, and that the front part of the oven and the baking chamber are not separated from one another by a partition wall, so that the device for opening the baking tongs, the dispensing station, the loading station and the device for closing the baking tongs are located in the baking chamber, or that the front part of the oven is also heated by the heating device of the baking chamber.

[0052] According to the invention, the walls of the baking chamber are completely or partially provided with thermal insulation.

[0053] Optionally, it is provided that the baking chamber is substantially closed at its underside and is provided with thermal insulation at its underside, wherein the baking chamber optionally has an opening at the underside, wherein this opening preferably occupies less than ten percent of the area of ​​the closed underside of the baking chamber.

[0054] Optionally, it is provided that the baking chamber comprises a heating zone in which at least one heating device is provided and in which the baking tongs are heated by the direct effect of the heat radiation of the heating device.

[0055] Where appropriate, the baking chamber is provided with a zone free of radiation heating, in which no direct heating of the baking tongs by radiation from the heating device is provided along the upper transport level and / or along the lower transport level, and in which the baking tongs are heated by the effect of the convection heat of the hot combustion chamber gas moving in the direction of the convection flow.

[0056] Where appropriate, the exhaust opening is provided in a zone of the baking chamber free from radiant heating.

[0057] If appropriate, it is provided that an inlet opening is provided for supplying air or recirculated combustion chamber gas into the baking chamber, which in particular is provided in the baking chamber along the convection flow direction of the baking chamber gas away from the exhaust opening and, if appropriate, is provided in the region of the rear deflection area of ​​the baking oven, so that in order to improve the convection flow, air or recirculated combustion chamber gas is introduced into the baking chamber in a controlled manner, wherein the air is preferably preheated in order to prevent cooling of the baking chamber.

[0058] Where appropriate, the area of ​​the inlet opening should preferably take up less than ten percent of the area surrounding the baking chamber.

[0059] If appropriate, at least one convection fan is provided, which opens into the baking chamber remote from the extractor. If appropriate, the convection fan is an air fan, through which air, in particular secondary air or exclusively secondary air, can be introduced into the baking chamber in a controlled or regulated manner to generate artificial convection.

[0060] If necessary, it is provided that the convection fan and its convection flow enters the baking chamber in the area of ​​the rear deflection area or through the rear end wall of the baking chamber.

[0061] If appropriate, it is provided that the convection flow of the convection fan first flows through the inlet of the convection fan into the combustion chamber, then through a region of the combustion chamber in which the heating arrangement or arrangements are provided, and then through the flue, wherein in particular between the region of the combustion chamber in which the heating arrangement or arrangements are provided and the flue a convection region is provided in which no heating arrangement is provided.

[0062] Where appropriate, the convection flow in the baking chamber is designed to run along the main direction of movement of the baking tongs and, in particular, essentially horizontally before exiting the extractor.

[0063] Where appropriate, it is provided that the exhaust, viewed along the main direction of movement of the baking tongs, opens into or branches off from the baking chamber away from the rear deflection area on the other side of the baking chamber and in particular in the baking mass application area, the closing area, the opening area or the baked product removal area.

[0064] If necessary, an exhaust fan is provided to extract the combustion chamber gas through the flue.

[0065] If necessary, two or more convection fans are provided which open into the baking chamber separately from one another at different points and which open into the baking chamber in particular in the area of ​​the rear deflection area or through the rear end wall of the baking chamber.

[0066] If appropriate, an air treatment arrangement is provided which comprises air preheating, air filtration, air humidification and / or air dehumidification.

[0067] Where appropriate, a control arrangement is provided for regulating the temperature of the supplied air, for regulating the temperature of the exhausted combustion chamber gases, for regulating the baking chamber humidity and / or for regulating the baking chamber temperature.

[0068] Where appropriate, a control arrangement or a control system is provided for regulating or controlling the volume flow of the convection fan(s).

[0069] If necessary, it is provided that the endless conveyor runs along an upper transport surface and along a lower transport surface arranged vertically spaced from the upper transport surface.

[0070] The invention will now be further described with reference to the figures, which are exemplary embodiments in highly simplified representations. Fig. 1 shows a side view of an embodiment of an oven. Fig. 2 shows a horizontal section of the oven from Fig. 1 in a highly simplified representation. Fig. 3 shows a longitudinal section of an oven according to the invention in a highly simplified representation. Fig. 4 shows a cross-section of the oven in the baking mass application area. Fig. 5 shows a cross-section of the oven in the area of ​​a viewing window or in the area of ​​an image recording device. Fig. 6 shows a possible captured image from one or more image recording devices. Fig. 7 shows a detail of an image recording device. Fig. 8 shows a detail of a cut with a viewing window. Fig. 9 shows a detail of the clearing arrangement.

[0071] Unless otherwise stated, the reference symbols shown in the figures correspond to the following components: Endless conveyor 1, Baking tongs 2, Baking mixture application area 3, Closing area 4, Baking chamber 5, Opening area 6, Baked product removal area 7, Upper transport level 8, Rear deflection area 9, Front deflection area 10, Lower transport level 11, Baking chamber wall 12, Extractor 13, Heating arrangement 14, Baking mixture application device 15, Baking mixture feed line 16, Pourer 17, Viewing window 18, Light source 19, Image recording device 20, Fan 21, Clearing arrangement 22, Clearing conveyor surface 23, Clearing element 24, Clearing conveyor 25, Upper section (of the clearing arrangement) 26, Lower section (of the clearing arrangement) 27, Direction of movement (of the clearing elements) 28, Direction of movement (of the Baking plates) 29, opening 30, docking opening 31.

[0072] Fig. 1 shows a side view of a possible embodiment of a baking oven according to the invention in a highly simplified representation. The oven is elongated and provided with a substantially closed housing. In the present embodiment, this housing is formed by the baking chamber walls 12. Preferably, a machine frame (not shown) is provided, to which the baking chamber walls 12 or the housing are attached. According to the present embodiment, the baking chamber walls 12 are provided with thermal insulation. Furthermore, the baking oven comprises at least two exhaust vents 13 that pass through the baking chamber walls 12 or at least one baking chamber wall 12 to allow the baking chamber gas to be extracted. The baking chamber walls 12 are at least partially formed from a heat-resistant, solid material. An example of this material is stainless steel plates or stainless steel sheets, which can be provided with thermal insulation on at least one side.Preferably, two metal sheets running parallel to one another, such as in particular stainless steel sheets, are provided, between which thermal insulation is provided.

[0073] To still be able to view the interior of the oven, the oven in the present embodiment has two viewing windows 18. Additionally or alternatively, as in the present embodiment, one or more image recording devices 20 can be provided, which point into the interior of the oven in order to be able to visually inspect the interior, in particular the baking chamber 5, of the oven by transmitting the image.

[0074] Furthermore, a baking mixture application device 15 is provided, which comprises a baking mixture supply line 16 and a pourer 17. A baking mixture can be conveyed into the interior of the baking oven through the baking mixture supply line 16. This baking mixture can be poured onto the baking oven through the pourer 17 to form a baked product. The device further comprises a clearing arrangement 22. This clearing arrangement 22 is designed to remove baking waste accumulating within the baking oven from the baking oven. For this purpose, a conveyor protrudes through an opening 30. In the present embodiment, a further opening 30 is arranged above the clearing arrangement 22. This opening 30 is designed to be able to convey the formed baked products out of the baking oven. For this purpose, for example, a conveyor belt or a further section of the clearing arrangement 22 is provided.

[0075] The openings 30 are kept as small as possible and are in particular designed in the form of a gap or slit in order to prevent the hot baking chamber gases from escaping as best as possible.

[0076] The embodiment further comprises a docking opening 31, which, as shown, can be closed by a flap. A cleaning device, such as a laser cleaning device, can be docked to the oven via this docking opening 31. Preferably, the docking opening 31 is designed such that it is closed by the docking of the cleaning device or another device.

[0077] Fig. 2 shows a horizontal longitudinal section of the Fig. 1 The oven shown. The baking chamber 5 is surrounded by baking chamber walls 12. The baking chamber walls 12 are provided with thermal insulation so that the heat flow from the baking chamber 5 to the outside is reduced. In the Fig. 2 Three baking tongs 2 are shown. In the present embodiment, these are conveyed along the direction of movement 29 through the baking chamber 5. In the area in which the baking plates 2 are shown, these are open. In this open position, the baking mixture can be applied to at least one surface of the baking tongs 2 via the baking mixture application device 15, in particular via the baking mixture supply line 16, and the pourer 17. In a conventional manner, the baking mixture can be applied in strips to the baking tongs 2. The baking mixture application device 15, in particular the baking mixture supply line 16 and the pourer 17, protrude into the baking chamber 5 of the oven. Since components of the baking mixture application device 15 filled with baking mixture are located within the hot baking chamber 5, it is advantageous to provide them with thermal insulation or to actively cool them.In all embodiments, cooling can be achieved, for example, via a double-walled structure through which a cooling medium flows or is flushed. Thermal insulation or insulation of the components of the baking mixture application device 15 can be achieved, for example, using a conventional insulating material, such as porous bodies, foam bodies, or similar materials.

[0078] As in Fig. 1 As shown, the oven includes the Fig. 2 two viewing windows 18, a discharge 13, one, in particular two, image recording devices 20, and a docking opening 31, which is also designed to be closable or closed. The movement, in particular the drive, of the baking tongs 2 can be achieved by conventional means.

[0079] Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of a longitudinal section of an oven according to the invention. The oven comprises an endless conveyor 1, along the extension of which several baking tongs 2 are arranged. To simplify the illustration, not all of the baking tongs 2 are shown, but only some of them. In all embodiments, the baking tongs 2 can be arranged in a row along the endless conveyor 1.

[0080] The baking tongs 2 are conveyed through the baking oven along the endless conveyor 1. In doing so, they pass successively through a baking mixture application area 3, a closing area 4, an opening area 6, and a baked product removal area 7. According to the present invention, these areas are arranged within the baking chamber 5. The baking tongs 2 are conveyed along the endless conveyor 1 along an upper transport plane 8 to a rear deflection area 9, conveyed in this rear deflection area 9 to a lower transport plane 11, and conveyed along this lower transport plane 11 to a front deflection area 10, where the baking plates 2 are in turn conveyed to the upper transport plane 8. In this case, the front deflection area 10 and the rear deflection area 9 are also located within the baking chamber 5. The baking chamber 5 is surrounded by baking chamber walls 12. As a result, the baking chamber 5 is essentially closed.However, the oven walls 12 have necessary openings. A necessary opening for discharging the oven gases is formed, for example, by the exhaust vent(s) 13.

[0081] Further openings 30 are provided, for example, in the baked product removal area 7 or in the area of ​​the clearing arrangement 22.

[0082] A heating arrangement 14 for heating the baking chamber 5 is provided in the baking chamber 5. According to the invention, the heating arrangement 14 comprises two heating devices designed as radiant heating devices.

[0083] In the present embodiment, the heating devices, designed as radiant heating devices, are directed from above onto the baking tongs 2. In particular, the heating arrangement 14 or its heating devices are arranged in the area of ​​or near the rear deflection area 9. In particular, the heating arrangements 14 are arranged away from the baked product removal area 7 and / or away from the baking mixture application area 3.

[0084] In the present embodiment, it is provided that an outlet 13 in the baking mass application area 3 or in the closing area 4 opens into the baking chamber 5 or branches off from the baking chamber 5 and that a further outlet 13 between the heating arrangement 14 and the closing area 4 opens into the baking chamber 5 or branches off from the baking chamber 5.

[0085] Also schematically shown is the baking mixture application device 15, which is arranged in the baking mixture application area 3 and comprises a pourer 17. The baking mixture application device 15 is suitable and / or configured to apply the baking mixture to the open baking tongs 2.

[0086] Furthermore, the oven includes Fig. 3 schematically illustrated fans 21. These can be convection fans, on the one hand, to generate a convection flow running along the direction of movement 29 of the baking plates 2. This convection flow is indicated in the drawing by the short, parallel arrows. In addition, or alternatively, a fan 21 can be provided that can extract the hot baking chamber gases as an exhaust fan.

[0087] A clearing arrangement 22 is provided below the endless conveyor 1, in particular below the baking tongs 2. The clearing arrangement 22 comprises a clearing conveyor surface 23. Baking waste, which falls from the baking tongs 2, for example, collects on this clearing conveyor surface 23. The clearing arrangement 22 further comprises a plurality of clearing elements 24. These clearing elements 24 are moved via a clearing conveyor 25. The clearing elements 24 are moved in particular such that the baking waste accumulating in the baking chamber 5 is discharged from the baking oven. In the present embodiment, the clearing elements 24 are guided along the clearing conveyor surface 23 in order to transport away baking waste falling onto the clearing conveyor surface 23. For this purpose, the clearing arrangement 22 comprises a clearing conveyor 25 designed as an endless conveyor, which moves the clearing elements 24 along the clearing conveyor surface 23.In the present embodiment, the clearing conveyor surface 23 is arranged between the upper section 26 of the clearing arrangement 22 and the lower section 27 of the clearing arrangement 22. The clearing conveyor surface 23 can preferably be provided with thermal insulation. In particular, in the present embodiment, it is provided that the clearing conveyor surface 23 is part of a baking chamber wall 12 or, in particular, forms a baking chamber wall 12. The baking tongs 2 can be opened and closed using conventional means, for example, via a link control. The baking tongs 2 are closed in the closing area 4. The baking tongs 2 are opened in the opening area 6. The opening can take place, in particular, in the front deflection area 10. If necessary, the opening area 6 can also be arranged along the upper transport plane 8.The collection of baked products in the baked product removal area 7 can be carried out by conventional means, for example by means of a Maltese wheel or similar devices.

[0088] The clearing conveyor 25 can, for example, comprise chains or link elements running on both sides of the clearing conveyor surface 23, on which the clearing elements 24 are arranged at certain intervals. The clearing elements 24 can, for example, be strip- or web-shaped elements that scrape along the clearing conveyor surface 23 as a result of the movement of the clearing conveyor 25. Preferably, all elements of the clearing arrangement 22 are heat-resistant. The clearing conveyor surface 23 can, for example, be a metal surface, in particular a continuous and / or smooth metal surface, such as a stainless steel surface. The clearing elements 24 can, for example, be metal strips. The clearing conveyor 25 can, for example, be formed by one or more metal chains or metal belts or can comprise such elements.In the present embodiment, the direction of movement 28 of the clearing elements 24 runs along the clearing conveyor surface 23 from the rear deflection area 9 towards the front deflection area 10.

[0089] The direction of movement 29 of the baking tongs 2 on the lower transport plane 11 runs in the same direction in the present embodiment.

[0090] Fig. 4 shows a schematic sectional view, which, for example, corresponds to the cutting line of the Fig. 1 which runs in the area of ​​the baking mixture application device 15, in particular in the baking mixture application area 3. The baking oven comprises a plurality of baking tongs 2, which are moved along an endless conveyor 1 (not shown) through the baking chamber 5. The baking chamber 5 is delimited or surrounded by baking chamber walls 12. In the baking mixture application area 3, in which the present sectional view runs, the baking mixture application device 15 is provided. This comprises a pourer 17 and a baking mixture feed line 16. In the present embodiment, the baking mixture application device 15 is shown only schematically. For thermal decoupling or for cooling the baking mixture conveyed in the pourer 17 or in the baking mixture feed line 16, the baking mixture application device 15 is provided with thermal insulation and / or a cooling system.As with conventional ovens, the baking mass comes from a baking mass reservoir and is pumped into the baking mass feed line 16.

[0091] The device comprises a clearing arrangement 22 with a clearing conveyor surface 23 and clearing elements 24 arranged to be movable along a clearing conveyor 25. In the present embodiment, thermal insulation is provided directly below the clearing conveyor surface 23.

[0092] Fig. 5 shows a similar sectional view as Fig. 4 , where the cutting line is, for example, the cutting line from Fig. 1 which passes through the image recording device 20. According to the present embodiment, the oven comprises an image recording device 20. Furthermore, the oven comprises a light source 19. The extractor 13 is arranged in the upper region of the illustrated section.

[0093] Fig. 6 shows an exemplary section of an image as it is produced by the image recording devices 20 of the constructions of the Figuren 1, 2 and 5 is generated. The image recording devices 20 enable the control or observation of the baking mass application area 3, the open baking tongs 2, and at least parts of the baking mass application device 15. These image recording devices 20 allow observation of these areas in the hot baking chamber 5 without having to open the baking chamber 5.

[0094] Fig. 7 shows an enlarged view of the image recording device 20 and the light source 19 from Fig. 5 Both elements protrude into the baking chamber 5 or are directed into the baking chamber 5 in order to be able to record or transmit the desired images and to ensure sufficient illumination for image recording. For thermal decoupling or cooling, a fan 21 is provided in the present embodiment, which fan is directed, for example, at a heat sink connected to the image recording device 20 and / or the light source 19 in order to dissipate heat. This allows the light source 19 and the image recording device 20 to be cooled. If appropriate, it can also be provided that the image recording device 20 and / or the light source 19 is arranged behind a glass pane, so that the baking chamber 5 is separated from the image recording device 20 and / or the light source 19 by this glass pane. This can also result in thermal decoupling from the baking chamber 5, for example.

[0095] Fig. 8 shows a sectional view, which, for example, corresponds to the cutting line from Fig. 1 which runs through the viewing window 18. The viewing window 18 is designed such that the interior of the baking oven, in particular the baking chamber 5, can be inspected. The viewing window 18 is preferably designed as an insulating pane arrangement in which two parallel panes are provided. The inner of the two panes, i.e. the pane arranged closer to the baking chamber 5, is in particular designed to be sufficiently temperature-resistant. A cavity can be formed between the two panes in order to achieve better thermal decoupling. This insulating pane arrangement reduces the temperature of the viewing window 18 on its outer side, thereby reducing the risk of an operator being injured. Furthermore, the insulating pane arrangement also improves the efficiency of the baking oven, since less heat can escape through the viewing window 18.

[0096] Fig. 9 shows a detail of a detail of the clearing arrangement 22, as it is shown for example in Fig. 3 is shown. The clearing arrangement 22 comprises a clearing conveyor surface 23, along which the baking chamber waste can be transported away. The clearing arrangement 22 further comprises a plurality of clearing elements 24. These clearing elements 24 are arranged along a clearing conveyor 25 designed as an endless conveyor. The clearing conveyor 25 is partially hidden in the present illustration in order to be able to better describe the functioning of the clearing arrangement 22. The clearing elements 24 are moved along the direction of movement 28 and along the clearing conveyor surface 23. This movement takes place via the clearing conveyor 25, which, as in the present embodiment, comprises, for example, a chain to which the clearing elements 24 are attached at certain intervals. The clearing conveyor surface 23 is preferably provided with thermal insulation, which is shown hatched in the present illustration. If necessary, a box-shaped structure is provided, which is projecting from above from the clearing conveyor surface 23 orone of these elements forming the clearing conveyor surface 23 is covered. Thermal insulation may be provided within the box.

[0097] Due to the continuous, in particular uninterrupted, design of the clearing conveyor surface 23, this clearing conveyor surface 23 can serve as a baking chamber wall 12.

[0098] Due to the thermal insulation, the clearing conveyor surface 23 can also act as a thermally insulated baking chamber wall 12.

[0099] Furthermore, the clearing arrangement 22, as in the present embodiment, can comprise guide plates through which baking waste falling off, particularly in the deflection areas, is transported to the clearing conveyor surface 23. This prevents baking waste from getting into deflection wheels or into an area where removal by the clearing arrangement 22 is not possible.

[0100] Preferably, the clearing conveyor surface 23 extends along the entire longitudinal direction of the endless conveyor 1 of the baking tongs 2. In particular, the clearing conveyor surface 23 or the clearing arrangement 22 projects beyond the endless conveyor 1 of the baking tongs 2, thus ensuring that baking waste falling from the baking tongs 2 can be reliably discharged from the baking oven. This is also the case in particular Fig. 3 can be found.

Claims

1. Baking oven for producing baked, preferably edible, products, namely for producing flat wafers or hollow wafers, comprising multiple openable and closable baking tongs (2) which are provided along an endless conveyor (1) and which, lined up one after the other, pass through: - a baking mass application area (3) for applying a baking mass to opened baking tongs (2), wherein the baking mass has a liquid or liquid-pasty consistency, - a closing area (4) for closing the baking tongs (2), - an opening area (6) for opening the baking tongs (2) - and a baking product removal area (7) for removing the baked products from the opened baking tongs (2), - wherein the endless conveyor for baking the baking products in the closed baking tongs (2) extends through a baking chamber (5), - wherein the endless conveyor (1) or at least the baking tongs (2) extend(s) along an upper transport plane (8), is / are deflected in a rear deflection area (9) to a lower transport plane (11) extending below the upper transport plane (8), continue(s) to extend along the lower transport plane (11) and is / are deflected back to the upper transport plane (8) in a front deflection area (10), - wherein at least one heating arrangement (14) is provided in the baking chamber (5) for heating the baking tongs (2) located in the baking chamber (5), - wherein the heating arrangement (14) comprises two heating devices which are designed as radiant heating devices - wherein the baking mass application area (3), the closing area (4), the opening area (6) and the baking product removal area (7) are arranged inside the baking chamber (5), such that the baking chamber (5) extends substantially over the entire baking oven, - wherein the upper transport plane (8), the rear deflection area (9), the lower transport plane (11) and the front deflection area (10) are arranged inside the baking chamber (5), - wherein the baking chamber (5) is designed as a substantially closed baking chamber (5) which is surrounded on all sides by thermally insulated baking chamber walls (12), - and wherein the baking chamber (5) is heated during baking operation by the heating arrangement (14) in the baking mass application area (3), in the closing area (4), in the opening area (6), in the baking product removal area (7) and in the front deflection area (10) to above 100 °C, preferably to above 150 °C or particularly preferred to above or approximately 175 °C, characterized - in that the baking chamber walls (12) in the baking mass application area (3), in the closing area (4), in the opening area (6), in the baking product removal area (7) and in the front deflection area (10) are provided with thermal insulation, - in that the heating devices each have a porous body on their bottom in which and / or on the surface of which a combustion mixture is burnt and is preferably burnt in a substantially flame-free manner, and in that the porous body is or contains for example a metal mesh, a wire mesh or a metal braid, and - in that a baking mass application device (15) projects into the baking chamber (5) in the baking mass application area (3), - wherein the baking mass application device (15) comprises a baking mass supply line (16) and a pouring device (17) for delivering and applying the baking mass, - and in that the section of the baking mass application device (15) projecting into the baking chamber (5) is provided with thermal insulation and / or cooling for thermal insulation or decoupling of the baking mass to be supplied from the hot baking chamber (5).

2. The baking oven according to claim 1, characterized in that the entire endless conveyor (1) or at least all the baking tongs (2) arranged on the endless conveyor (1) are arranged inside the baking chamber (5), in particular during baking operation.

3. The baking oven according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that at least one inspection window (18) is provided in at least one of the baking chamber walls (12), in particular in a lateral baking chamber wall (12), to enable the baking mass application area (3), the closing area (4), the opening area (6) and / or the baking product removal area (7) to be inspected from the outside, and in particular that the inspection window (18) is designed as an insulating window arrangement comprising two panes spaced parallel to one another with an insulating space between them and in which at least the inner pane is designed to be temperature-resistant, in particular temperature-resistant up to approximately 250 °C or more, and optionally in that the inspection window (18) or at least one of the panes of the insulating window arrangement is / are designed to be laser-safe, and in particular comprises a filter for laser radiation from a cleaning laser.

4. The baking oven according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized - in that at least one extractor (13) is provided for discharging the baking chamber gases generated by the heating arrangement (14) from the baking chamber (5), - in that the extractor (13) leads into the baking chamber (5) or branches off from the baking chamber (5) in the baking mass application area (3), in the closing area (4), in the opening area (6), in the baking product removal area (7) or in the front deflection area (10), and / or in that the or a further extractor (13) leads into the baking chamber (5) or branches off from the baking chamber (5) between the heating arrangement (14) and the closing area (4), wherein optionally a controllable extractor fan (21) is provided for extracting the combustion chamber gas through the extractor (13).

5. The baking oven according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized - in that a light source (19) is provided for illuminating the baking mass application area (3), the closing area (4), the opening area (6) and / or the baking product removal area (7).

6. The baking oven according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized - in that at least one image recording device (20), such as in particular a video camera, is provided, which is pointed at the baking mass application area (3), at the closing area (4), at the opening area (6) and / or at the baking product removal area (7), and in particular that the image recording device (20) and / or the light source (19) is / are provided with thermal insulation and / or cooling for insulation or thermal decoupling from the hot baking chamber (5).

7. The baking oven according to one of claims 1 to 6, - wherein a clearing arrangement (22) is provided for the automatic or automated discharge of baking waste accumulating in the baking chamber (5), - wherein the clearing arrangement (22) comprises a clearing conveyance surface (23) which extends below the endless conveyor (1) along the longitudinal extent of the endless conveyor (1), - wherein the clearing arrangement (22) has clearing elements (24) arranged along an endless clearing conveyor (25), which move or are moved along the clearing conveyance surface (23) by the clearing conveyor (25) for conveying the baking waste - and wherein the clearing conveyor (25) designed as an endless conveyor or at least the clearing elements (24) attached to the clearing conveyor (25) together define an upper section (26) and a lower section (27) arranged below the upper section (26), characterized in that the clearing conveyance surface (23) is arranged between the upper section (26) and the lower section (27).

8. The baking oven according to claim 7, characterized in that the clearing conveyance surface (23) is arranged directly below the upper section (26), and in that the baking waste is discharged along the clearing conveyance surface (23) by moving the clearing elements (24) of the upper section (26).

9. The baking oven according to claim 7 or 8, characterized - in that the direction of movement (28) of the clearing elements (24) of the upper section (26) extends from the rear deflection area (9) of the endless conveyor (1) of the baking tongs (2) towards the front deflection area (10) of the endless conveyor (1) of the baking tongs (2), - and / or in that the direction of movement (28) of the clearing elements (24) of the upper section (26) follows the direction of movement (29) of the baking plates (2) along the lower transport plane (11).

10. The baking oven according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that thermal insulation is provided between the upper section (26) and the lower section (27) of the clearing arrangement (22), and in that the thermal insulation is arranged in particular below the clearing conveyance surface (23) or directly below the clearing conveyance surface (23).

11. The baking oven according to one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the clearing arrangement (22), in particular the clearing conveyance surface (23), delimits the baking chamber (5) or forms at least one of the baking chamber walls (12).

12. The baking oven according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the baking chamber (5) or its baking chamber walls (12), in particular in the front deflection area (10), has at least one opening (30) for dispensing the baked products and / or for discharging the baking waste.