USE OF A NONWOVEN FABRIC TO PRODUCE A WALK LINING

Description

[0001] The invention relates to the use of a nonwoven fabric for producing a fulled lining, in particular a fulled lining for reinforcing the upper parts of shoes. The invention further relates to a fulled lining material comprising a nonwoven fabric and / or a composite containing a nonwoven fabric, and its production.

[0002] Fulling is the deformation of materials through mechanical processing, particularly by pushing and / or pulling. In the shoe industry, fulling is used to thermally shape leather or textile materials. The goal is to transform a two-dimensional sheet material into a three-dimensional shape. During fulling, the material to be formed is stretched over a heated mold to deform it. The final shape, or fulling curve, is determined by the shoe last.

[0003] A fulled lining is a reinforcement layer located between the upper and lining material of shoes. A prerequisite for use as a fulled lining is that the materials used exhibit good stretchability and permanent elongation, as this is required for the deformation process during the fulling process. The thickness of the fulled lining is ideally adapted to the structural strength of the upper material. In practice, thicknesses in the range of 0.7 to 1.7 mm are generally used. A fulled lining material refers to materials designed for the production of a fulled lining.

[0004] The upper materials used are typically leather and / or synthetic materials, such as synthetic leather. Synthetic materials typically have a two-layer structure with a decorative upper layer and a support layer facing the inside of the shoe.

[0005] The use of fulled lining as a reinforcement for upper parts, such as the vamp area, has long been known in shoe manufacturing. A knitted cotton material is often used as the material for the fulled lining. The required high stretchability is inherent in knitted materials due to their flexible knitted structure. By gluing the fulled lining material to the underside of the upper, the vamps acquire the stability, dimensional stability, and moldability required for the subsequent fulling and fitting of the entire upper onto the last.

[0006] However, knitted cotton materials do not offer the softness desired in the market, at least for some applications. Furthermore, they show, as in Figure 1demonstrated a highly direction-dependent stretch behavior, so that the format blanks must be punched direction-dependently. Finally, fulled lining materials based on knitted fabrics generally have a relatively high basis weight of over 200 g / m². This high basis weight is necessary to ensure sufficient dimensional stability, but is disadvantageous because it increases the weight of the shoe and reduces the material's soft character. Furthermore, knitted fabrics are comparatively expensive and have virtually no cut edge strength.

[0007] EP 0 337 597 A2 describes a composition comprising a fiber structure with a proportion of heat-shrinkable fibers, the structure being heat-treated to create a fiber-to-fiber bond at at least some of the fiber-to-fiber contact points. Polyimide staple fibers with a length of 60 mm are used in the examples.

[0008] DE 28 05 057 A1 describes a felt material made of at least 20% wool fibres and a corresponding proportion of artificial fibres, as well as a process for its production, in which the fibres are carded and mixed, a mat is produced and this mat is sufficiently fulled to produce a felt material.

[0009] DE 24 49 669 A1 describes a process for producing a non-woven fabric, wherein a layer of non-woven fibers is formed and this layer is needled to form a consolidated web, wherein the needling is carried out on the web to form a pile on a surface of the web and the pile is then needled again to compact or densify it.

[0010] The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a material of the type mentioned at the outset which is suitable for producing a milled lining and by means of which the aforementioned disadvantages can be at least partially eliminated.

[0011] This object is achieved by the use of a mechanically consolidated nonwoven fabric, comprising staple fibers with a staple length in the range of 25 to 65 mm, wherein at least 15 wt.% of the staple fibers are synthetic fibers, in particular polyolefin, polyester and / or polyamide fibers, for producing a milled lining, in particular a milled lining for reinforcing the upper parts of shoes, wherein a nonwoven fabric is used which has a permanent elongation, measured according to DIN EN ISO 15977:2011-05 (measurement length 100 mm, load 50 N, load time 10 minutes, recovery time 10 minutes) of more than 10% and wherein a nonwoven fabric is used which has a direction-independence of the elongation, determined as the difference between the largest and smallest modulus value measured according to DIN ISO 9073-3 (measurement conditions: elongation of 3%, 5% or 10%, angle to the machine direction of 30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, 150°, 180°, 210°, 240°, 270°, 300°, 330°, 360°) of not more than 30 N / 5cm.The directional independence of the stretching can be achieved by first laying a fiber web with a cross-layer and then mechanically stretching the fiber web, for example by means of rollers, in the longitudinal direction (MD: Machine Direction) to increase the fiber isotropy.

[0012] According to the invention, it has been found that mechanically bonded nonwovens comprising staple fibers with a staple length in the range of 25 to 65 mm, wherein 15% by weight of the staple fibers are synthetic fibers, in particular polyolefin, polyester, and / or polyamide fibers, are outstandingly suitable for producing a milled lining. Surprisingly, these nonwovens exhibit excellent extensibility. For example, the modulus values of the nonwoven according to the invention at 10% elongation, measured according to DIN ISO 9073-3, are preferably a maximum of 150 N / 5 cm, for example, from 10 N / 5 cm to 150 N / 5 cm, more preferably less than 100 N / 5 cm, for example, from 10 N / 5 cm to 100 N / 5 cm, even more preferably less than 70 N / 5 cm, for example, from 10 N / 5 cm to 70 N / 5 cm.Furthermore, the static elongation of the nonwoven fabric according to the invention, measured according to DIN EN ISO 15977:2011-05 (measurement length 100 mm, load 50 N, load time 10 minutes), is preferably more than 15%, more preferably more than 17%, and in particular more than 20%. Furthermore, the permanent elongation of the nonwoven fabric, measured according to DIN EN ISO 15977:2011-05 (measurement length 100 mm, load 50 N, load time 10 minutes, recovery time 10 minutes), is more than 10%, more preferably more than 12%, and in particular more than 17%.

[0013] Finally, the difference between static and permanent elongation of the nonwoven fabric at 10% elongation is preferably less than 30%, for example 1% to 30%, more preferably less than 15%, for example 1% to 15%, and in particular less than 7%, in particular 1% to 7%.

[0014] Without committing to a mechanism, it is assumed that these stretch properties - unusually good for a nonwoven fabric - are due to the combination of the use of a mechanical bonding process and the selection of a nonwoven fabric with a significant proportion of synthetic fibers, in particular polyolefin, polyester and / or polyamide fibers of a certain staple length.

[0015] The use of synthetic fibers appears to enable the high permanent elongation because their inherently smooth surface structure allows good displacement without high restoring forces during the stretching process. In addition, the staple length used of 25 to 65 mm also appears to have a positive effect on the extensibility of the nonwoven fabric. If the fibers are shorter, the desired extensibility can no longer be achieved because the fiber structure is broken up and thus destroyed during stretching. If the fibers are too long, the fiber structure is too tightly bonded, which significantly reduces extensibility because the fibers are too intertwined and therefore hold each other too tightly while at the same time having too little permanent elongation. The proportion of fibers with a staple length of 25 to 65 mm is preferably at least 50% by weight, even more preferably at least 70% by weight.%, more preferably at least 80% by weight, even more preferably at least 90% by weight, in each case based on the total amount of fibers in the nonwoven fabric.

[0016] Furthermore, it was surprisingly discovered that the use of a nonwoven fabric enables faster and greater permanent elongation compared to knitted fabrics. This means that with the nonwoven fabric according to the invention, fewer fulling processes are required to achieve the desired fulling curve – which translates into significant cost savings. This was surprising to the person skilled in the art, as they would have expected nonwoven fabrics to exhibit significantly poorer extensibility and permanent elongation than knitted fabrics. Due to their tangled fiber structure, nonwoven fabrics are known to generally exhibit rather low elasticity and thus poorer deformability. A further advantage of the nonwoven fabric used according to the invention is that it exhibits significantly better cut edge strength than knitted fabrics.

[0017] The inventive use of the nonwoven fabric for producing a fulled lining involves bonding the nonwoven fabric to a suitable outer material, for example, a leather and / or synthetic material, and then subjecting it to shaping in a fulling process. The nonwoven fabric is bonded to the side of the outer material facing away from the visible side.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the nonwoven fabric is bonded to a synthetic material as the upper material, which has no further carrier layer on the side facing the nonwoven fabric. Thus, the nonwoven fabric and synthetic material are directly bonded to one another, for example, by means of an adhesive or a direct coating. This is advantageous compared to the use of a two-layer synthetic material, as one less punching process is required when preparing the fulled lining material for the fulling process. Furthermore, the adhesive between the nonwoven fabric and the upper material can be omitted. This results in a lighter fulled lining and thus a lighter shoe. Finally, problems caused by different properties of the carrier layer and upper material, such as unfavorable shaping during the fulling process (wrinkle formation), can be avoided.

[0019] The degree of extensibility and permanent elongation of the nonwoven fabric can be adjusted by the proportion of synthetic fibers, particularly polyolefin, polyester, and / or polyamide fibers, and by the appropriate selection of the parameters for mechanical bonding. The nonwoven fabric preferably has a thickness of 0.3 mm to 2.5 mm, more preferably 0.5 mm to 2.0 mm, and especially 0.7 mm to 1.8 mm.

[0020] According to the invention, mechanical bonding is understood in the sense commonly used in the field of textile materials. The advantage of mechanical bonding is that, compared to thermal and chemical bonding, fiber displacement and fiber slip are generally not reduced too much. This, in turn, promotes the extensibility and permanent elongation required during the fulling process. Therefore, according to the invention, thermal and / or chemical bonding preferably does not take place in addition to mechanical bonding.

[0021] According to the invention, the nonwoven fabric has a direction-independent elongation, determined as the difference between the largest and smallest modulus values measured according to DIN ISO 9073-3 (measurement conditions: elongation of 3%, 5% or 10%, angle to the machine direction of 30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, 150°, 180°, 210°, 240°, 270°, 300°, 330°, 360°) of at most 30 N / 5cm, more preferably of at most 20 N / 5cm, even more preferably of at most 15 N / 5cm, in particular of at most 10 N / 5cm.

[0022] A high degree of directional elongation independence is advantageous, as it allows for uniform deformation across the entire surface of the fulling lining during the fulling process. Furthermore, the cutting of the sheet material can be designed independently of direction to minimize waste.

[0023] The high degree of directional stretch independence can be achieved, for example, as follows. First, a fiber web is laid in the usual way using a cross-layer. In this way, the fibers are predominantly oriented transversely to the production direction. To increase fiber isotropy, the fiber web can then be mechanically stretched in the longitudinal direction (MD: machine direction), for example, using rollers, to also achieve a more even distribution.

[0024] As explained above, synthetic fibers, in particular polyolefin, polyester, and / or polyamide fibers, are used according to the invention. The synthetic fibers are preferably thermoplastic fibers. The advantage of using thermoplastic fibers is that they can be shrunk in a controlled manner by heat treatment of the nonwoven fabric. This allows the fibers to be crimped and entangled with each other. This allows the nonwoven fabric to be stretched at least by the shrunken amount during the fulling process. This means that the entanglement can be resolved by mechanical stretching, which improves the extensibility of the nonwoven fabric.Particularly preferred are polyolefin fibers with a crimp, measured as the number of sheets according to DIN 53840 Part 1, of at least 5 sheets / cm, for example from 5 to 15 sheets / cm and / or polyamide fibers with a crimp of at least 10 sheets / cm, for example 10 to 20 sheets / cm, and / or polyester fibers with a crimp of at least 4 sheets / cm, for example 4 to 20 sheets / cm.

[0025] In the nonwoven fabric, the proportion of synthetic fibers, preferably thermoplastic fibers and in particular polyolefin, polyester and / or polyamide fibers, is preferably at least 20 wt.%, for example 20 wt.% to 100 wt.%, more preferably at least 30 wt.%, for example 30 wt.% to 100 wt.%, more preferably at least 40 wt.%, for example 40 wt.% to 100 wt.%, more preferably at least 45 wt.%, for example 45 wt.% to 100 wt.%, in each case based on the total weight of the nonwoven fabric.

[0026] In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the nonwoven fabric is a heat-treated nonwoven fabric which has been heated at a temperature which is at least 130°C, for example from 130°C to 165°C above the glass transition temperature of the synthetic fibers, preferably for 20 seconds, for example from 20 seconds to 2 minutes.

[0027] The nonwoven fabric may also contain other thermoplastic staple fibers, preferably with a staple length of 25 mm to 65 mm, such as polyacrylic fibers. The proportion of the other thermoplastic fibers is preferably 10 to 75 wt.%, more preferably 20 to 60 wt.%, in particular 30 to 50 wt.%, based in each case on the total amount of fibers in the nonwoven fabric.

[0028] If the nonwoven contains additional thermoplastic staple fibers, the heat treatment preferably takes place at a temperature that is at least 80°C, for example, from 50°C to 100°C, above the glass transition temperature of the additional thermoplastic staple fibers and / or the polyolefin, polyester, and / or polyamide fibers. The duration of the heat treatment is preferably within the above-mentioned range.

[0029] The nonwoven fabric may also contain absorbent fibers, in particular absorbent staple fibers with a staple length of 25 mm to 65 mm. According to the invention, absorbent fibers are understood to mean fibers that can absorb liquid, in particular water. The absorbent fibers preferably have a water absorption capacity (deionized water) at 20°C of at least 7 wt.%, for example, from 8 wt.% to 20 wt.%, more preferably from 10 wt.% to 30 wt.%. In this embodiment, the proportion of absorbent fibers is 10 to 90 wt.%, more preferably 20 to 80 wt.%, in particular 30 to 60 wt.%, in each case based on the total amount of fibers in the nonwoven fabric.

[0030] According to the invention, the absorbent fibers preferably comprise viscose fibers, natural fibers, for example, hemp, kenaf, cellulose, lyocell, wool, or cotton, and / or synthetic absorbent fibers, especially superabsorbent fibers. The advantage of using absorbent fibers is that they contribute to improving the shoe climate.

[0031] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the staple fibers comprise both synthetic fibers, preferably thermoplastic fibers and in particular polyolefin, polyester and / or polyamide fibers, as well as absorbent fibers.

[0032] According to the invention, it is possible to set the basis weight of the nonwoven fabric to less than 200 g / m 2< , for example to 90 to 200 g / m 2< , more preferably to 120 to 195 g / m 2< and in particular to 150 to 190 g / m 2< and still obtain a soft milled lining with sufficient stability and deformability.

[0033] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the nonwoven fabric has a thermoplastic adhesive coating on at least one surface. This allows the fulled lining to be heat-ironed onto an outer material (e.g., leather, synthetic leather, or textile). Preferred adhesives are ethylene-vinyl acetate, polyamide, polyester, and polyurethane.

[0034] Preferably, at least 90% by weight of the staple fibers of the nonwoven fabric have a linear density in the range from 0.9 dtex to 11 dtex, preferably from 1.5 dtex to 7 dtex.

[0035] Furthermore, the nonwoven fabric can be finished to match the properties of the outer material. This can be done, for example, by adding a binder to adjust the hand / stiffness. The stiffening finish can be achieved with a stiffening finish using synthetic binders, for example acrylate, polyolefin, especially polypropylene, polyester, acrylonitrile, butadiene, styrene / butadiene, polyurethane, latex, and / or vinyl acetate. The nonwoven fabric can also contain starch. The use of starch (corn starch, potato starch, wheat starch) can be advantageous, as this starch finish facilitates deformation during the preparation of the fulling sheets by steaming. Starch swells slightly during steaming and forms a kind of lubricating film between the fibers, allowing the fibers to slide more easily against each other. After the deformation process, the starch dries out again and bonds the fiber structure to one another.This results in an even more stable and permanent deformation. In a preferred embodiment, the nonwoven fabric contains starch. The starch content is preferably between 0.4% and 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the nonwoven fabric.

[0036] Another object of the present invention is a milled lining material comprising a mechanically consolidated nonwoven fabric comprising staple fibers having a staple length in the range of 25 to 65 mm, wherein at least 15 wt.% of the staple fibers are synthetic fibers, in particular polyolefin, polyester and / or polyamide fibers, and wherein the nonwoven fabric has a direction-independent elongation, determined as the difference between the largest and smallest modulus value measured according to DIN ISO 9073-3 (measurement conditions: elongation of 3%, 5% or 10%, angle to the machine direction of 30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, 150°, 180°, 210°, 240°, 270°, 300°, 330°, 360°) of at most 30 N / 5cm, more preferably at most 20 N / 5cm, even more preferably at most 15 N / 5cm, in particular at most 10 N / 5cm, wherein the nonwoven fabric has a permanent elongation, measured according to DIN EN ISO 15977:2011-05 (measurement length 100 mm, load 50N, loading time 10 minutes, recovery time 10 minutes) of more than 10% and wherein the milled lining material can be produced by a method comprising the following steps: . a) Providing staple fibers with a staple length in the range of 25 to 65 mm, wherein at least 15% by weight of the staple fibers are synthetic fibers, in particular polyolefin, polyester and / or polyamide fibers; b) Carding the staple fibers to form a fiber web; c) Cross-laying the fiber web to form a cross-laid fiber web; d) Mechanically consolidating the cross-laid fiber web, thereby obtaining the milled lining material, wherein the fiber web is stretched mechanically, for example by means of rollers, in the longitudinal direction (MD: Machine Direction) following step c).

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, the milled lining material is a milled lining material comprising a mechanically bonded nonwoven fabric comprising staple fibers with a staple length in the range of 25 to 65 mm, wherein at least 15% by weight of the staple fibers are synthetic fibers, in particular polyolefin, polyester, and / or polyamide fibers. The nonwoven fabric is directly bonded to a synthetic material, for example, by means of an adhesive or a direct coating. A "direct bond" between nonwoven fabric and synthetic material means that no further carrier layer is arranged between the nonwoven fabric and the synthetic material.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the nonwoven fabric directly bonded to the synthetic material as the outer material has no further carrier layer on the side of the nonwoven fabric facing away from the outer material. This embodiment is made possible by the fact that the nonwoven fabric has properties that make it suitable both for use as a carrier layer for the synthetic material and for supporting shaping in a fulling process. This dual function is generally not achievable with the commonly used fulling lining materials, since these (e.g., woven, knitted) are unsuitable as a carrier layer for synthetic materials due to their open surface.

[0039] Preferably, the nonwoven fabric contained in the milled lining materials according to the invention is a nonwoven fabric as described in the context of this invention.

[0040] A further subject of the present invention is a method for producing a milled lining material, comprising a nonwoven fabric with a direction-independent elongation, determined as the difference between the largest and smallest modulus value measured according to DIN ISO 9073-3 (measurement conditions: elongation of 3%, 5% or 10%, angle to the machine direction of 30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, 150°, 180°, 210°, 240°, 270°, 300°, 330°, 360°) of at most 30 N / 5cm, more preferably at most 20 N / 5cm, even more preferably at most 15 N / 5cm, in particular at most 10 N / 5cm, wherein the nonwoven fabric has a permanent elongation, measured according to DIN EN ISO 15977:2011-05 (measurement length 100 mm, load 50 N, load time 10 minutes, recovery time 10 minutes) of more than 10%, comprising the following steps: a) Providing staple fibers with a staple length in the range of 25 to 65 mm, wherein at least 15 wt.% of the staple fibers are synthetic fibers, in particular polyolefin, polyester and / or polyamide fibers; b) Carding the staple fibers to form a fiber web; c) Cross-laying the fiber web to form a cross-laid fiber web; d) Mechanically consolidating the cross-laid fiber web to form the milled lining material wherein the fiber web is stretched mechanically, for example by means of rollers, in the longitudinal direction (MD: Machine Direction) following step c).

[0041] Preferably, the mechanical consolidation is carried out by needling and / or hydroentanglement and the parameters to be used are selected so that the consolidation is not too strong, which would hinder the displaceability of the fibers, but also not too weak, since otherwise insufficient strength is achieved.

[0042] For hydroentanglement, pressures measured at the nozzle outlet of 30 to 300 bar, preferably 50 to 250 bar, and especially 80 to 200 bar, have proven particularly favorable. A distance of 0.3 cm to 2.5 cm between the nozzle outlet and the nonwoven fabric is also favorable.

[0043] For needling, penetration densities of 50 to 300 penetrations / cm 2 , more preferably 70 to 250 penetrations / cm 2 , in particular 100 to 200 penetrations / cm 2 have proven particularly advantageous.

[0044] Following steps b) and / or c), the fiber web is mechanically stretched in the longitudinal direction (MD: machine direction), for example, using rollers. This can increase fiber isotropy and also achieve a more uniform distribution. Character description:

[0045] Figure 1 shows the modulus values of a well-known knitted fabric used as a milled lining material in the 360° evaluation. Figure 2shows the modulus values of a nonwoven fabric according to the invention in the 360° evaluation.

[0046] The invention is explained in more detail below using several examples. Example 1: Production of various nonwovens according to the invention

[0047] The nonwovens 1 to 4 according to the invention are produced starting from the following fiber blends: nonwoven fabric polyester Polyamide 6 viscose Lyocell Polypropylen 1 10 wt.% 30 wt.% 25% by weight 25% by weight 10 wt.% 2 30 wt.% 10 wt.% 30 wt.% 10 wt.% 20 wt.% 3 30 wt.% 0 wt.% 30 wt.% 10 wt.% 30 wt.% 4 50 wt.% 40 wt.% 10 wt.% 0 wt.% 0 wt.%

[0048] The staple length of the fibers ranges from 40 mm to 60 mm. The fiber blends are carded, and the fiber web is laid crosswise. Due to the cross-layer, the fibers are predominantly oriented transversely to the production direction. To increase fiber isotropy, the fiber web is then mechanically stretched in the longitudinal direction (MD: Machine Direction) using rollers to achieve a more even distribution. Mechanical bonding then takes place using a needle loom (puncture density 200 punctures / cm). The needle-punched nonwoven fabric is then heat-set at 160 to 180°C.

[0049] The following table shows examples of various properties of nonwoven fabric 3. Characteristic Nonwoven fabric 3 Thickness: 1.5 mm Weight: 175g / m 2 Modulus at 10% elongation 35 N / 5 cm Permanent stretch 25% Static stretching 20% Difference between static and permanent stretch 5% Example 2: Measurement of the directional independence of strain.

[0050] The directional independence of the elongation is determined as the difference between the largest and smallest modulus values measured according to DIN ISO 9073-3 (measurement conditions: elongation of 3%, 5% or 10%, angle to the machine direction of 30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, 150°, 180°, 210°, 240°, 270°, 300°, 330°, 360°).

[0051] The following are shown in the table below and in Figure 2 illustrated results. Force / elongation behavior of nonwoven fabric 3 in 360 ° Comparison

[0052] Modulus 3% [N / 5cm] Modulus 5% [N / 5cm] Modulus 10% [N / 5cm] 0° 20,1 25,9 32,6 30° 21,0 27,0 34,9 60° 19,2 26,7 39,5 90° 14,2 20,1 31,5 120° 17,8 24,8 36,7 150° 18,5 24,4 32,1 180° 18,7 24,4 31,1 210° 21,7 27,7 35,2 240° 18,8 25,7 38,1 270° 14,2 19,9 31,0 300° 16,9 24,0 36,0 330° 21,3 27,2 35,0 Minimum value: 14,19 19,94 30,98 Maximum value: 21,73 27,65 39,47 Difference: 7,5 7,7 8,5

[0053] It is shown that the difference between the largest and smallest modulus values measured according to DIN ISO 9073-3 is less than 10 N / 5cm. Figure 1The scatter of the modulus values of a conventional knitted fabric-based (cotton) lining is shown. It is significantly greater than that of the nonwoven fabric according to the invention. Example 3: Finishing of nonwoven fabric 3

[0054] Nonwoven fabric 3 is impregnated with a 2% starch solution (potato starch) using a padder and then dried. The coating weight is 6 g / m² at a dry laydown. In the present invention, the coating weight is not included in the total weight of the nonwoven fabric. The nonwoven fabric is then coated with a thermoplastic adhesive (laydown weight 30 g / m² polyurethane with a melting range of 75°C to 95°C). Example 4: Use of nonwoven 3 as fulled lining

[0055] First, a test piece is punched out of nonwoven fabric 3, adapted to the shape of the outer material. The test piece is ironed onto the outer material using a continuous press. This composite is formed into the desired shape (fulled sheet) using a fulling blade. Nonwoven fabric 3 now acts as a fulled lining and supports the shape for further processing.

Claims

1. Use of a mechanically consolidated nonwoven fabric, comprising staple fibres having a staple length in the range from 25 to 65 mm, wherein at least 15% by weight of the staple fibres are synthetic fibres, in particular polyolefin, polyester and / or polyamide fibres, for production of a milled lining, using a nonwoven fabric having a permanent elongation, measured to DIN EN ISO 15977:2011-05 (measurement distance 100 mm, load 50 N, load time 10 minutes, recovery time 10 minutes), of more than 10%, using a nonwoven fabric having a directional independence of elongation, determined as the difference of the largest and smallest modulus value measured to DIN ISO 9073-3 (measurement conditions: elongation of 3%, 5% or 10%, angle to machine direction of 30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, 150°, 180°, 210°, 240°, 270°, 300°, 330°, 360°) of not more than 30 N / 5cm, and wherein directional independence of elongation can be achieved by first laying a fibre web with a crosslayer and then the fibre isotropy of the fibre web is increased by stretching mechanically, for example by rolling, in longitudinal direction (MD: Machine Direction).

2. Use according to Claim 1, characterized in that a nonwoven fabric is used that has a modulus value at 10% elongation, measured to DIN ISO 9073-3, of not more than 150 N / 5cm and / or static elongation, measured to DIN EN ISO 15977:2011-05 (measurement distance 100 mm, load 50 N, load time 10 minutes), of more than 15%.

3. Use according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the nonwoven fabric is bonded to a synthetic material as upper material that has no further support layer on the side facing the nonwoven fabric.

4. Use according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of less than 200 g / m2 is used.

5. Use according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a nonwoven fabric having a thermoplastic adhesive coating at least on one surface is used.

6. Use according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a nonwoven fabric having absorbent staple fibres having a staple length of 25 mm to 65 mm in a proportion of 10% to 90% by weight is used.

7. Use according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a nonwoven fabric which is a heat-treated nonwoven fabric heated at a temperature of at least 130°C above the glass transition temperature of the synthetic fibres is used.

8. Milled lining material comprising a mechanically consolidated nonwoven fabric, comprising staple fibres having a staple length in the range from 25 to 65 mm, where at least 15% by weight of the staple fibres are synthetic fibres, in particular polyolefin, polyester and / or polyamide fibres, characterized in that the nonwoven fabric has a directional independence of elongation, determined as the difference of the largest and smallest modulus value measured to DIN ISO 9073-3 (measurement conditions: elongation of 3%, 5% or 10%, angle to machine direction of 30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, 150°, 180°, 210°, 240°, 270°, 300°, 330°, 360°) of not more than 30 N / 5cm, where the nonwoven fabric has a permanent elongation, measured to DIN EN ISO 15977:2011-05 (measurement distance 100 mm, load 50 N, load time 10 minutes, recovery time 10 minutes), of more than 10%, and wherein the milled lining material is producible by a method according to Claim 13.

9. Milled lining material according to Claim 8, characterized in that the nonwoven fabric is a nonwoven fabric as used in one or more of Claims 1 to 7.

10. Milled lining material according to Claim 8 or 9, comprising a composite of a mechanically consolidated nonwoven fabric, comprising staple fibres having a staple length in the range from 25 to 65 mm, where at least 15% by weight of the staple fibres are synthetic fibres, in particular polyolefin, polyester and / or polyamide fibres, characterized in that that the nonwoven fabric is directly bonded to a synthetic material, for example by means of an adhesive / or a direct coating.

11. Milled lining material according to Claim 10, characterized in that the nonwoven fabric has no further support layer on the side of the nonwoven fabric facing away from the upper material.

12. Milled lining material according to Claim 11, characterized in that the nonwoven fabric is a nonwoven fabric as used in one or more of Claims 1-7.

13. Method of producing a milled lining material comprising a nonwoven fabric having a directional independence of elongation, determined as the difference of the largest and smallest modulus value measured to DIN ISO 9073-3 (measurement conditions: Elongation of 3%, 5% or 10%, angle to machine direction of 30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, 150°, 180°, 210°, 240°, 270°, 300°, 330°, 360°) of not more than 30 N / 5cm, where the nonwoven fabric has a permanent elongation, measured to DIN EN ISO 15977:2011-05 (measurement distance 100 mm, load 50 N, load time 10 minutes, recovery time 10 minutes) of more than 10%, comprising the following steps: a) providing staple fibres with a staple length in the range from 25 to 65 mm, where at least 15 % by weight of the staple fibres are synthetic fibres, in particular polyolefin, polyester and / or polyamide fibres; b) carding the staple fibres to a fibre web; c) crosslaying the fibre web to give a crosslaid fibre web; d) mechanically consolidating the crosslaid fibre web to give the milled lining material, characterized in that the fibre web, after step c), is stretched mechanically, for example by rolling, in longitudinal direction (MD: Machine Direction).