STATOR OF AN ELECTRICAL MACHINE

Description

State of the art

[0001] The invention is based on a stator of an electrical machine according to the preamble of the main claim.

[0002] A stator of an electrical machine is already known from US 2005 / 0023910 A1, which has stator teeth and grooves formed between the stator teeth, in which electrical conductor elements, each designed as individual coils, of an individual electrical coil winding are provided. An interconnection ring is provided on at least one end face of the stator, said interconnection ring having a ring portion and a plurality of tooth portions, in particular corresponding to the number of stator teeth, projecting radially from the ring portion. The interconnection ring comprises a plurality of busbars for interconnecting the individual electrical coils of the electrical winding. The individual coils are made of a conventional conductor material, for example, copper.

[0003] Furthermore, electrical machines are known whose electrical windings are made of CNT conductor elements. These CNT conductor elements are understood below to be conductor elements that comprise carbon nanotube fibers and / or graphene fibers. The use of conventional joining methods, such as welding or soldering, to connect CNT conductor elements or to electrically connect the CNT conductor elements to stator interfaces is currently not technically feasible because the technical requirements for the joint regarding temperature resistance and strength are not met. Advantages of the invention

[0004] The stator of an electrical machine according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that an electrical winding made of CNT conductor elements is provided, the joints of which reliably meet the mechanical and electrical requirements of an electrical machine. This is achieved according to the invention in that the conductor elements of the electrical winding are designed as plug-in conductor elements of the electrical winding designed as a plug-in winding, in that the conductor elements are each designed as CNT conductor elements, i.e., each formed from a composite of carbon nanotubes and / or graphene fibers, and in that at least one electrically non-conductive conductor joining device is provided on at least one of the tooth sections of the interconnection ring, to which two conductor ends of two different conductor elements are electrically connected by means of an electrically conductive joining means.

[0005] The measures listed in the subclaims enable advantageous further developments and improvements of the stator of an electrical machine specified in the main claim.

[0006] It is particularly advantageous if the conductor joining device includes a recess. The conductor ends of the conductor elements can be inserted into this recess and then electrically connected using an electrically conductive joining agent.

[0007] It is also advantageous if two insertion slots are provided on each conductor joining device, through which the conductor ends can be inserted into the recess. This simplifies and improves the insertion of the conductor ends into the conductor joining device.

[0008] It is very advantageous if the conductor joining devices are part of an electrically non-conductive insulating body of the interconnection ring. This ensures that the conductor joining device is electrically non-conductive and thus electrically insulated from conductor rails, which may be integrated into the interconnection ring.

[0009] According to an advantageous embodiment, it is provided that the pluggable conductor elements of the plug-in winding are connected via the conductor joining devices of the interconnection rings to form single-tooth coils, each of which extends with several turns around one of the stator teeth.

[0010] It is also advantageous if the interconnection ring is provided on both end faces of the stator, with several busbars arranged in the insulating body of one interconnection ring for electrically connecting the conductor elements, and with the insulating body of the other interconnection ring being designed without busbars. By providing the interconnection ring on both end faces of the stator, the conductor elements can be interconnected on both end faces of the stator to form an electrical winding.

[0011] According to an advantageous embodiment, it is provided that the pluggable conductor elements of the plug-in winding are connected via the conductor joining devices of the interconnection rings to form single-tooth coils, each of which extends with several turns around one of the stator teeth, wherein the single-tooth coils are each connected with one coil end to one of the busbars of one interconnection ring and with the other coil end to another of the busbars of the same interconnection ring.

[0012] Furthermore, it is advantageous if the busbars of one interconnection ring each have electrical connections for connecting the conductor elements, wherein the electrical connections each have a recess or are provided in a recess of the insulating body of the interconnection ring, wherein the recess is designed to receive an electrically conductive joining means and at least one conductor end of one of the conductor elements. In this way, the conductor elements are reliably electrically connected to one of the interfaces of the stator, in a manner corresponding to the joining connection between two conductor elements on the conductor joining device.

[0013] It is advantageous if one or more of the busbars of one interconnection ring have cantilever sections that each extend into one of the tooth sections of the insulating body of the interconnection ring. In this way, one coil end of each of the single-tooth coils can be electrically connected to the respective cantilever section of one of the busbars, thus achieving simple electrical connection.

[0014] Another advantage is that the electrical connections of the busbars are accessible through an opening in the insulating body of the interconnection ring or protrude from the insulating body. This allows the conductor elements to be connected to the busbars of the interconnection ring.

[0015] It is further advantageous that the joining agent is an electrically conductive adhesive, a solder or a welding filler material. drawing

[0016] An embodiment of the invention is shown in simplified form in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. Fig.1 shows a three-dimensional view of a first end face of a stator according to the invention of an electrical machine with CNT conductor elements and with a first interconnection ring according to the invention for electrically interconnecting the conductor elements, Fig.2 a partial view of the stator according to Fig.1 , Fig.3 a partial view of the inventive formwork ring according to Fig.1 and Fig.2 , Fig.4 a circuit diagram for the switching ring according to the invention according to Fig.1 bis Fig.3 , Fig.5 a three-dimensional view of a second end face of the stator according to the invention according to Fig.1 with a second interconnection ring according to the invention, Fig.6 a partial view of the second end face of the stator according to Fig.5 and Fig.7 a partial view of the second shroud according to Fig.5 and Fig.6 . Description of the embodiment

[0017] Fig.1 shows a three-dimensional view of a first end face of a stator according to the invention of an electrical machine with CNT conductor elements and with a first interconnection ring according to the invention for electrically interconnecting the conductor elements.

[0018] The stator 1 of the electric machine comprises a stator body with stator teeth 2 and with slots 3 formed between the stator teeth 2, in each of which electrical conductor elements 4 are provided to form an electrical winding 6. According to the exemplary embodiment, for example, four conductor elements 4 are provided per slot 3 in the slots 3. However, the number of conductor elements 4 per slot 3 is expressly arbitrary.

[0019] The stator body, for example, has at least one stator lamination package.

[0020] On each of the two end faces 1.1, 1.2 of the stator 1, a connecting ring 5 is provided, which has a ring section 8 and a plurality of tooth sections 10 projecting from the ring section 8 in the radial direction with respect to a stator axis 9.

[0021] According to the invention, the conductor elements 4 of the electrical winding are designed as pluggable conductor elements of an electrical winding designed as a plug-in winding, that the conductor elements 4 are each formed from a composite of carbon nanotubes and / or graphene fibers, and that at least one electrically non-conductive conductor joining device 12 is provided on at least one of the tooth sections 10 of one of the interconnection rings 5, to which two conductor ends of two different conductor elements 4 are electrically connected by means of an electrically conductive joining means. The resulting joint is Fig.2 and Fig.3 marked with the reference number 13.

[0022] The joining agent can be, for example, an electrically conductive adhesive, a solder or a welding filler material.

[0023] The conductor joining devices 12 of the interconnection ring 5 each provide a joining surface for joining the conductor ends of the respective conductor elements 4, thereby interconnecting the conductor elements 4 to form a functioning electrical winding. According to the exemplary embodiment, the pluggable conductor elements 4 of the plug-in winding are connected or interconnected at the conductor joining devices 12 of the interconnection rings 5 ​​to form single-tooth coils 7. The single-tooth coils 7 formed in this way each extend with several turns around one of the stator teeth 2.

[0024] Fig.2 shows a partial view of the stator after Fig.1 .

[0025] The pluggable conductor elements 4 are each, for example, I-shaped or rod-shaped in such a way that they each have a single conductor leg located in one of the slots 3, each of which protrudes from the respective slot 3 with angled conductor ends located in different winding heads. The pluggable conductor elements 4 can have any cross-section, for example, rectangular, trapezoidal, circular, or oval. The individual carbon nanotubes and / or graphene fibers of one of the conductor elements 4 can be connected to the composite forming the corresponding conductor element 4 by an electrically insulating or electrically conductive composite material, in particular resin or adhesive. The pluggable conductor elements 4 can each be enclosed in the region of the slots 3 by an electrical insulation 11, for example a so-called slot insulation paper.

[0026] The conductor joining device 12 on the toothed sections 10 of one of the interconnection rings 5 ​​can each comprise a recess 14 into which the conductor ends of two conductor elements 4 can be inserted in order to join them together using the electrically conductive joining agent. For example, the conductor ends of two conductor elements 4 are inserted into one of the recesses 14 in order to subsequently apply the electrically conductive joining agent to the two conductor ends to connect them.

[0027] Fig.3 shows a partial view of the inventive formwork ring according to Fig.1 and Fig.2 . In Fig.3 For schematic purposes, the conductor elements 4 are shown only as lines.

[0028] According to the exemplary embodiment, two insertion slots or openings 15 can be provided on the recessed conductor joining devices 12, via which the conductor ends of the respective conductor elements 4 can be inserted into the recess 14.

[0029] The conductor joining devices 12 can be part of an electrically non-conductive insulating body 16 of the interconnection ring 5, in other words, they can be formed integrally on the insulating body 16. The insulating body 16 of the interconnection ring 5 represents the contour-defining base body of the interconnection ring 5 and is made, for example, of a plastic.

[0030] The interconnection ring 5 with the conductor joining devices 12 according to the invention is provided on both end faces 1.1, 1.2 of the stator 1. In the insulating body 16 of the one, i.e., first interconnection ring 5.1, several busbars 18 are additionally arranged for electrically connecting the conductor elements 4 or the single-tooth coils 7. The busbars 18 are assigned to an electrical phase or an electrical star point. The conductor joining devices 12 are electrically insulated from the busbars 18 by the material of the insulating body 16.

[0031] The insulating body 16 of the other, i.e. second, interconnection ring 5.2, however, has no busbars 18 and is thus designed without busbars.

[0032] As can be seen from the Fig.2 and Fig.3 As can be seen, the single-tooth coils 7 are each connected with one coil end to one of the busbars 18 of the first interconnection ring 5.1 and with the other coil end to another of the busbars 18 of the same interconnection ring 5.1.

[0033] The busbars 18 of the first interconnection ring 5 each have electrical connections 20 for connecting the conductor elements 4 or the single-tooth coils 7. The electrical connections 20 of the first interconnection ring 5 can each comprise a recess 21 or be formed in a recess 21 of the insulating body 16 of the first interconnection ring 5.1. The recess 21 of the connections 20 is designed to receive an electrically conductive joining means and at least one conductor end of one of the conductor elements 4. The recess 21 can have an insertion slot 15 or an insertion opening 15 equivalent to the recesses 14 to facilitate insertion of the respective conductor end.

[0034] The number of tooth sections 10 of the first interconnection ring 5.1 corresponds to the number of stator teeth 2 of the stator 1. According to the exemplary embodiment, several conductor joining devices 12 are provided on the end face facing away from the stator 1 at every second tooth section 10 of the first interconnection ring 5. The number of conductor joining devices 12 per every second tooth section 10 corresponds, for example, to the number of conductor elements 4 per slot 3 minus one.

[0035] One or more of the busbars 18 of the first interconnection ring 5.1 can have cantilever sections 22, each of which extends into one of the tooth sections 10 of the interconnection ring 5.1. According to the exemplary embodiment, only one of the busbars 18, which is assigned to the electrical star point, has the cantilever sections 22. One of the two coil ends of each single-tooth coil 7 is connected to a terminal 20, which is formed on one of the tooth sections 10 of the first interconnection ring 5.1 and is assigned to a busbar 18 forming the electrical star point. The other of the two coil ends of the same single-tooth coil 7 is connected to a terminal 20 of another busbar 18, which is provided on the ring section 8 of the first interconnection ring 5.1 and is assigned to one of the electrical phases. The electrical connections 20 of the busbars 18 are each connected via an opening in the insulating body 16 of the first interconnection ring 5.1 is accessible for connecting the conductor elements 4 or the electrical connections 20 protrude from the insulating body 16 via the opening or the opening in the insulating body 16.

[0036] According to the exemplary embodiment, a cantilever section 22 of the busbar 18 assigned to the electrical star point is provided in every second tooth section 10 of the first interconnection ring 5.1, wherein the tooth sections 10 with conductor joining devices 12 and the tooth sections 10 with cantilever sections 22 are offset from one another by one tooth section 10. Thus, according to the exemplary embodiment, there are no tooth sections 10 that include conductor joining devices 12 and cantilever sections 22.

[0037] Fig.4 shows an example of a circuit diagram for the interconnection ring according to the invention Fig.1 bis Fig.3 with four power rails. From the Fig.4 It is clear by way of example how the single-tooth coils 7 can be connected to the busbars 18.

[0038] Fig.5 shows a three-dimensional view of a second end face of the stator according to the invention according to Fig.1 with a second shroud ring according to the invention.

[0039] The second formwork ring 5.2 after Fig.2 differs from the first shroud 5 according to Fig.1 only in that it has no busbars 18 and no connections 20 for the busbars 18. Furthermore, the second interconnection ring 5.2 omits the tooth sections 10, which in the first interconnection ring 5.1 comprise a cantilever section 22 of a busbar 18. This results in a number of tooth sections 10 for the second interconnection ring 5.2 that corresponds to half the number of stator teeth 2 of the stator 1. In other words, the second interconnection ring 5.2 only has a tooth section 10 on every other stator tooth 2. Otherwise, the second interconnection ring 5.2 is designed like the first interconnection ring 5.1, thus also comprising the insulating body 16 with the conductor joining devices 12 according to the invention on the tooth sections 10. In contrast to the first interconnection ring 5.1, the second interconnection ring 5.2 conductor joining devices 12 on each tooth section 10, wherein the number of conductor joining devices 12 per tooth section 10 is designed according to the first interconnection ring 5.1.

[0040] Fig.6 shows a partial view of the second end face 1.2 of the stator 1 according to Fig.5 .

[0041] Fig.7 shows a partial view of the second formwork ring according to Fig.5 and Fig.6 . In the Fig.7 the conductor elements 4 are not shown, so that the recesses 14 of the conductor joining devices 12 are clearly visible.

Claims

1. Stator of an electric machine that has stator teeth (2) and embodied between the stator teeth (2) are grooves (3) in which are provided in each case electrical conductor elements (4) of an electrical winding, wherein an interconnecting ring (5, 5.1, 5.2) is provided on at least one end face (1.1, 1.2) of the stator (1), said interconnecting ring comprising an annular section (8) and multiple toothed sections (10) that protrude from the annular section (8) in the radial direction with respect to a stator axis (9), characterized in that - the conductor elements (4) of the electrical winding are embodied as pluggable conductor elements (4) of the electrical winding that is embodied as a plug-in winding, - the conductor elements (4) are formed in each case from a composite of carbon nanotubes and / or graphene fibres, - at least one electrically non-conductive conductor joining device (12) is provided on at least one of the toothed sections (10) of the interconnecting ring (5) and in each case two conductor ends of two different conductor elements (4) are electrically connected to said conductor joining device by means of an electrically conductive joining agent.

2. Stator according to Claim 1, characterized in that the conductor joining device (12) comprises in each case a depression (14), wherein in particular the conductor joining devices (12) are provided in each case with two insertion slits (15) by way of which the conductor ends can be placed in the depression (14).

3. Stator according to either one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the conductor joining devices (12) are part of an electrically non-conductive insulating body (16) of the interconnecting ring (5).

4. Stator according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pluggable conductor elements (4) of the plug-in winding are connected by way of the conductor joining devices (12) of the interconnecting rings (5) to individual toothed coils (7) that in each case extend with multiple windings about one of the stator teeth (2).

5. Stator according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the interconnecting ring (5) is provided at both end faces (1.1,1.2) of the stator (1), wherein multiple current rails (18) are arranged in the insulating body (16) of the one interconnecting ring (5.1) so as to electrically interconnect the conductor elements (4) and wherein the insulating body (16) of the other interconnecting ring (5.2) is embodied in a current rail-free manner.

6. Stator according to Claim 5, characterized in that the individual toothed coils (7) are connected in each case by a coil end to one of the current rails (18) of the one interconnecting ring (5.1) and in each case by the other coil end to another of the current rails (18) of the same interconnecting ring (5.1).

7. Stator according to either one of Claims 5 and 6, characterized in that the current rails (18) of the one interconnecting ring (5.1) have in each case electrical connectors (20) so as to connect the conductor elements (4), wherein the electrical connectors (20) each have a depression (21) or are provided in a depression (21) of the insulating body (16) of the interconnecting ring (5.1), wherein the depression (21) is embodied so as to receive an electrically conductive joining agent and at least one conductor end of one of the conductor elements (4).

8. Stator according to any one of Claims 5 to 7, characterized in that one or more of the current rails (18) of the one interconnecting ring (5.1) has / have cantilever sections (22) that each reach into one of the toothed sections (10) of the insulating body (16) of the interconnecting ring (5.1).

9. Stator according to Claim 7, characterized in that the electrical connectors (20) of the current rails (18) are accessible by way of an opening in the insulating body (16) of the interconnecting ring (5.1) or protrude out of the insulating body (16).

10. Stator according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the joining agent is an electrically conductive adhesive, a soldering agent or a welding filler material.