BUILDING WITH AT LEAST ONE WOODEN WALL WITH AN ATTACHED Plinth

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a building with at least one wooden wall with an attached base according to the preamble of claim 1.

[0002] The design of plinths in the lower section of timber walls in buildings has not yet been satisfactorily resolved. This applies particularly to wall connections where the wall structure is built below ground level.

[0003] There are already proposals that address the issue of the foundation, for example, in the Austrian standards ÖN B 3691 and B 2320. These standards stipulate that the ground level on the exterior of the building, and thus on the exterior of the timber wall, must be adjusted by lowering the water-bearing level to prevent the timber wall from being installed below ground level. While the aforementioned Austrian standards describe various methods for creating a compliant foundation connection, these methods have the disadvantage of being very expensive to implement, particularly lowering the ground level on the exterior or constructing a complex drainage channel. Furthermore, it is not always possible to lower the ground level or the water-bearing level on the exterior. The problem then arises that moisture penetrating during the construction phase or later through leaks at connections such as doors or windows can no longer escape.This leads sooner or later to the failure of the wall structure due to rot in the base area, with all its adverse consequences.

[0004] Document EP1.231.329 A1 discloses a building according to the preamble of claim 1.

[0005] The object of the invention is to avoid these disadvantages and to provide a base that is easy and inexpensive to manufacture, wherein the ground level can be at the middle height of the base and the actual wooden wall is built on the base.

[0006] According to the invention, this is solved by a building with the features of claim 1.

[0007] The material according to the invention, which differs from wood and is in particular a plastic material, is moisture-resistant, highly durable, and can be easily processed with standard carpentry machinery. This allows for seamless integration into the production process of timber wall constructions; that is, the company that manufactures the timber wall can also produce the base and, if necessary, deliver it to the construction site. Furthermore, the construction material for the base frame is compatible with all commercially available sealing materials. The thermal conductivity of the construction material for the frame struts is preferably between 0.070 and 0.090 W / (mK). The compressive strength of this construction material for the struts is preferably around 1.8 MPa, and preferably at least above 1.5 MPa.

[0008] This construction material can now preferably be used to connect rod-shaped or cuboid struts to a stable frame, for example, by screwing them together. According to the invention, the frame has recesses between the struts into which dimensionally stable infill elements made of thermal insulation material are inserted and connected to the struts of the frame. These dimensionally stable infill elements preferably consist of recycled, thermally processed glass (foam glass). However, dimensionally stable infill elements made of thermal insulation material are also conceivable and possible. Advantageously, the shape of the dimensionally stable infill elements is adapted to the shape of the recesses so that they fit precisely into the recesses. Since the recesses are typically rectangular, trapezoidal, or generally polygonal in the front view, dimensionally stable infill elements with a cross-section of an overall prismatic shape will also be used.For any necessary installations and penetrations, the dimensionally stable infill elements can also be perforated and, for example, have openings or indentations at the edge. Generally, however, they are fitted precisely into the recesses. This prevents thermal bridges through the base. Furthermore, the dimensionally stable infill elements contribute to the overall stability of the base, as they support the frame struts on the inner walls facing the recesses.

[0009] Similar considerations apply to the materials of the dimensionally stable infill elements as to the frame struts. They are ideally moisture-resistant, highly load-bearing, and easy to work with, making them easy to integrate into the production process of timber wall constructions.

[0010] The base (thermal base), consisting of dimensionally stable infill elements placed in front of the frame, is completely impervious to moisture and durable. It also allows installation below ground level without the risk of rot forming in the base area. Sealing with commercially available sealants, such as elastomeric bitumen sheets, is possible and advantageously provided. The base according to the invention exhibits high mechanical stability, particularly compressive strength, and is capable of reliably supporting a wooden wall placed above it.

[0011] The static joint between the base and the wooden wall can be stabilized, for example, by arranging a panel – preferably made of a wood-based material such as OSB – preferably on the inside of the building, which extends at least partially over the base and at least partially over the wooden wall itself and is connected to both the base and the wooden wall.

[0012] Additionally or alternatively, at least one connecting element made of metal, preferably a steel angle, can be arranged between the base and the wooden wall.

[0013] Further advantages and details of the invention are explained in more detail by means of exemplary embodiments illustrated in the following description of the figures. These show: Fig. 1 a schematic cross-section through a timber frame wall in the area of ​​the base, Fig. 2 an embodiment according to the invention with a base according to the invention, Fig. 3 schematic variants of the base according to the invention, Fig. 3 schematic possible stiffenings of the frame, Fig. 3 a frame with such stiffenings in a side view and in two plan view examples, Fig. 4 embodiments of inventive, preferably prismatic, infill elements in a side view, Fig. 5 in a side view an embodiment of a base according to the invention in which various infill elements are inserted, and Fig. 6 an embodiment of a manufacturing process for a base according to the invention.

[0014] At the in Fig. 1 The construction shown, according to the state of the art, consists of a timber frame wall, designated 1. This wall carries an exterior plaster 2, followed by a soft fiberboard 3, and inside, the actual timber frame wall 4 with insulation 4a and the load-bearing timber studs 4b. This is followed by an OSB board 5 and a facing cladding 6 with insulation. Finally, a gypsum plasterboard 7 is attached to the inside.

[0015] The floor assembly, designated as 8, comprises a floor covering 9, screed 10, impact sound insulation 11, a leveling layer (fill) 12, and an XPS board 13 with a moisture barrier. The entire floor assembly 8 rests on a reinforced concrete foundation slab 14, which ultimately supports the floor assembly 8 and the entire timber frame wall construction 1. This reinforced concrete foundation slab 14, with a section extending downwards at a right angle to it, forms the actual base for the timber frame wall construction.

[0016] The ground level 15 is set back from the lower end of the timber frame wall construction 1 by the presence of a drip edge 16 on the outside, for example to create a splash zone of 30 cm.

[0017] In Fig. 2 An embodiment according to the invention is now shown.

[0018] Below the in Fig. 2 The base 16 according to the invention, which will be described in more detail below, is located in the timber frame wall construction generally designated 1. The timber frame wall construction 1 is essentially constructed in the same way as in the prior art, but can also be constructed differently than described therein. Fig. 1 is shown. In any case, in Fig. 2 the same reference symbols are used for identical or equivalent parts as in Fig. 1 .

[0019] The base 16 according to the invention is connected to the timber frame wall construction 1 above it via a static joint 17.

[0020] The base 16 designed according to the invention has struts 18 made of a material other than wood, preferably plastic. The term struts includes not only angled struts, but also vertical components, which are also called uprights, as well as horizontal components, which are also called sills.

[0021] The preferred material for the struts is rigid plastic foam, preferably based on high-density PUR and / or PIR. As will be shown in the following figures, the struts 18 are assembled to form a stable frame 23, with recesses 22 between the struts 18. According to the invention, these recesses 22 are filled with dimensionally stable insulating elements 19, which are inserted into these recesses and connected, for example, by bonding them to the struts 18 of the frame 23. The base 16 can be connected on the inside to the timber frame wall construction 1 above it by means of a panel 5, in particular an OSB panel, the panel 5 extending vertically over both the base and the timber frame wall.Additional steel angles or other steel connecting elements, not shown, may be provided to connect the base 16 according to the invention to the timber frame wall construction 1 above it.

[0022] The base according to the invention can be covered on the outside with an XPS board 20 and a base coat of plaster. An additional seal, for example based on bitumen or elastomer, can also be provided on the outside of the base. A leveling layer 21 can be arranged below the base.

[0023] Now to the construction of the base itself: The base 16 essentially has two basic elements, namely a frame 23 formed from struts 18, as shown here Fig. 3 shows, whereby the frame may optionally have additional stiffeners 24, 25, as shown in the Figuren 3 und 3b is shown.

[0024] The second essential structural element of the base according to the invention is in Fig. 4 The illustration shows dimensionally stable filling elements 19 made of thermal insulation material. These are inserted into recesses 22 of the base 16 and essentially fill these recesses 22 completely, as shown in the Fig. 5 and the bottom image of the Fig. 6 shows.

[0025] In Fig. 3 Two possible embodiments of the frame 23 of a base 16 according to the invention are shown. It consists of rod- or cuboid-shaped struts 18, which are screwed together. The struts 18 can, for example, consist of two horizontal struts 18 (upper top sill, lower bottom sill) which are connected to each other via vertical struts 18 (posts). This results in recesses 22 between them, which are visible in the side view of the Fig. 3 as rectangles. The spacing b of the vertical struts 18 and the height x of the horizontal struts 18 can be adjusted as required according to the statics of the building above or the timber frame wall construction 1 above.

[0026] If necessary, additional stiffening elements can be added, such as those shown in the following examples. Fig. 3a shown, may be provided. For example, plate-shaped stiffeners 24 or rod-shaped stiffeners 25 may be provided, which, as shown, Fig. 3b shown, can be installed in different ways. For example, the stiffener 25 can be installed at an angle, as shown in the side view according to Fig. 3b The figure above shows that this results in an overall truss-like structure of the frame 23. Accordingly, the recesses 22 are smaller in this area, whereby the subsequently inserted, dimensionally stable filling elements 19 made of thermal insulation material adapt to the smaller shape.

[0027] In the floor plan, in the middle of the Fig. 3b Figure 24 shows an example of an obliquely inserted stiffening plate. The bottom figure of the Fig. 3b Figure 1 shows another floor plan version, in which it can be seen that the struts 18 are partially installed at an angle. The recesses 22 then have a special shape to which the infill elements 19 made of dimensionally stable thermal insulation material are adapted.

[0028] The Fig. 4 Figure 19 shows possible forms of filling elements according to the invention. In the two figures above, the basic shapes are shown in a side view and in a plan view. Overall, these are prismatic basic shapes with, for example, square, rectangular or triangular bases.

[0029] Further possible embodiments are shown below. These may have openings 26 or indentations 27 at the edge, for example to allow installations or cables to be routed.

[0030] If you then look at the in Fig. 4 The filler elements 19 shown are placed into the recesses 22 of the in Fig. 3 By installing the frame 23 shown, one arrives at the finished frame according to the invention. Fig. 5 The arrangement of the elements shown is merely an example and is intended to illustrate that there are virtually no limits to the possible combinations of frame shapes and infill element shapes. Generally, however, it is advantageous if the infill elements 19 essentially fill the recesses 22 of the frame 23 completely, so that the infill elements can be inserted correctly. This also results in an additional frictional fit, supplementing the form fit resulting from the shape match. In addition to the frictional fit, adhesive bonding can also be provided to hold the infill elements 19 firmly in the recesses 22 or to the inner sides of the struts 18. Overall, this results in a stable frame suitable as a base for a wooden wall.

[0031] The manufacturing process is illustrated by an example embodiment in Fig. 6 This is shown schematically again in a perspective exploded view. First, a frame 23 is formed from struts 18 made of a material other than wood, in particular a recycled insulation material. The struts 18 can be screwed together or connected in another way (for example, by gluing). If necessary, stiffeners 24 or 25 can be inserted into this frame. Then, suitable infill elements 19 made of a thermal insulation material are inserted into the recesses 22 in the stiffened frame, as indicated by arrows in the lower part of the Fig. 6 is shown.

[0032] The inserted filler elements 19 can, in principle, be held in the recesses 22 solely by form and / or friction. However, it is more advantageous if the filler elements 19 are bonded to the inner surfaces of the struts 18 in the area of ​​the recesses 22. The bottom illustration of the Fig. 6 shows the finished base 16, which can then be used, for example, as in Fig. 2 As shown, it can be used below a timber frame wall construction 1. The ground level 15 can then be at the level of the plinth, in particular at the level of a central area of ​​the plinth, without risk of rot. The plinth 16 exhibits high static stability, durability, and good thermal insulation, especially when the preferred materials, parameters, and constructions specified in the dependent claims are present.

Claims

1. Building with at least one wooden wall with an attached socket (16), wherein the socket (16) has a frame (23) made of interconnected struts (18) with recesses (22) between them, wherein the struts (18) of the frame (23) are made of a material other than wood, preferably plastic material, and wherein, in order to increase the mechanical stability of the socket, dimensionally stable, filling elements (19) having a high load capacity made of thermal insulation material and adapted to the shapes of the recesses (22) are inserted into the recesses (22), which filling elements are firmly connected to the struts (18) of the frame (23) and support the struts (18) of the frame (23), characterized in that the frame (23), when installed, has at least two spaced-apart horizontal struts (18) which are connected to each other via vertical, laterally spaced-apart struts (18) to form a stable frame (23), preferably by means of screws, wherein the ground level (15) adjacent to the building lies on the outer side of the building in the area of the socket (16).

2. Building according to claim 1, characterized in that the material of the struts (18) of the frame (23) comprises a rigid plastic foam, preferably based on high-density PUR and / or PIR.

3. Building according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thermal insulation material of the filling elements (19) consists essentially of foam glass.

4. Building according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thermal insulation material of the filling elements (19) has a density that is lower than the density of the material of the struts (18) of the frame (23) and / or that the thermal insulation material of the filling elements (19) has a thermal conductivity which is lower than the thermal conductivity of the material of the struts (18) of the frame (23).

5. Building according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filling elements (19) have outer surfaces, preferably flat, with which they lie flat against the inner surfaces of the struts (18) of the frame (23) facing the recesses (22).

6. Building according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filling elements (19) are adhesively bonded to the struts (18) of the frame (23).

7. Building according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filling elements (19) - except for any indentations (27) at the edge or passage openings (26) - substantially completely fill the recesses (22) in the frame (23).

8. Building according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the filling elements (19) are firmly connected to the struts (18) and support the struts (18) of the frame (23).

9. Building according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the socket (16) is screwed and / or glued to the wooden wall.

10. Building according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that - preferably on the inner side of the building - a panel (5) - preferably made of a wood-based material such as OSB - is arranged, which extends in height at least partially over the socket (16) and at least partially over the wooden wall (1) itself and is connected to both the socket and the wooden wall.

11. Building according to claim 10, characterized in that at least one connecting element made of metal, preferably steel angle brackets, is arranged between the socket (16) and the wooden wall (1).

12. Building according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the height of a floor (8) inside the building is in the area of the socket (16) - preferably at the height of a central area of the socket.

13. Building according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the ground level (15) adjacent to the building is located on the outer side of the building at the height of a central area of the socket (16).