Reversible ploughing device

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a reversible ploughing device with plough modules arranged on one side of the plough beam, consisting of a hollow disc-like first cutting element and a knife-like second cutting element. Such disc ploughs with two cutting elements are known.

[0002] DE 10 2017 102 683 B3 discloses a plowing device for plowing a soil, comprising a support structure, a rotatable first cutting element arranged on the support structure and cutting a lateral region of a soil ridge when the plowing device and thus the support structure are moved along a plowing direction, and a second cutting element, likewise arranged on the support structure and cutting the base or base region of a soil ridge. In this known plowing device, the second cutting element runs in front of the first cutting element. The second cutting element is designed as a flat, rotatable disc, which cuts the base of the soil ridge, and behind which a hollow disc-like second disc is arranged on the support structure of the plowing device, which simultaneously cuts the lateral region of the soil ridge and turns it over.Turning is further assisted by a moldboard positioned after the first cutting element. The advantage of such disc ploughs is that the tractive effort for such a plough is significantly lower than with conventional moldboard ploughs, which can sometimes result in considerable fuel savings. If, for example, one wants to avoid leaving a ridge or unplowed area when plowing large fields, the plough is usually ploughed in such a way that after plowing in one direction, the plough turns at that point and the reverse plough furrow follows immediately next to this plough furrow. The soil bar must be turned so that it faces the same direction as the forward furrow. This is not possible with a single-row bed plough.For the tasks described, so-called reversible ploughs are used. These have plough elements on both sides of a plough beam, by means of which a soil block can be cut out and turned. For this purpose, such a reversible plough has a double-row configuration, which means that at least one, preferably several, plough modules combined in a combination are arranged on each side of the plough beam, each consisting of two cutting elements. If larger fields are to be ploughed in the manner described, the reversible ploughs must therefore plough with one row of the modules and turn the plough 180° for the return furrow, and plow the return furrow with the turned position. However, this means that the ploughs can only work with half of the available modules at a time; one half must always be pulled along empty, so to speak.This increases the construction effort for a plow, as well as the mass to be moved, thus increasing the tractive force and fuel consumption. A further disadvantage of this known plow device is that the two cutting elements, each of which is used for the respective plow task, are each individually attached to a support structure on the plow beam, so adjusting them relative to each other is relatively complex.

[0003] DE 10 2019 204 256 A1 describes a plow module or a plow device with such plow modules, each of which comprises a hollow-disk-like first cutting element and a flat second cutting element following it in the plowing direction. The first cutting element cuts a side area of ​​a soil ridge, and the second cutting element cuts a bottom area of ​​a soil ridge. Both cutting elements, each in the form of a disc-like cutting element, are connected to one another in a support structure and can be adjusted via this support structure with respect to their angles to one another and with respect to the soil ridge to be cut.Since both cutting elements are attached to a support structure, and this support structure is attached to the plough beam, in the event of changing soil conditions or damage during ploughing, such a plough module can be quickly detached from the plough beam and replaced with a new one. Even if the cutting elements are damaged, the entire ploughing system can be quickly used for ploughing again without long downtimes. Instead of the disc-shaped second cutting element, an angled blade can also be used, which, depending on its angle of attack, can exert a corresponding force into or out of the soil to be ploughed.When using a reversible plough, the modules must now be attached to both sides of the plough beam in such a way that when the plough beam is turned 180°, the modules are brought into engagement with the ground in such a way that in the return furrow the earth bar turns in the same direction as in the forward furrow before the reversible plough is turned from the first to the second position.

[0004] Furthermore, DE 10 2019 217 245 B3 discloses a plough module with a perforated plate, which has both a first, hollow-disk-like cutting element for cutting a side area of ​​a soil block and a second, knife-like cutting element for cutting a furrow bottom of a soil area. Using the perforated plate, the respective cutting elements can be adjusted to different soils, different ploughing depths, and different soil types. This known ploughing device also features a double-row arrangement of the plough modules on a plough beam, so that furrows to be ploughed can be arranged directly next to one another and, after turning the soil block, the turned soil block can be deposited on the return journey in the same manner as on the outward journey.

[0005] Furthermore, EP 0 820 687 A1 discloses a reversible ploughing device with cutting elements arranged on both sides of a plough beam and designed as a ploughshare. Additional cutting elements, designed as hollow discs on one side, can be pivoted by means of a pivot arm from a first position on a first side of the plough beam to a second position on a second side opposite the first side of the plough beam.

[0006] Compared to the known disc ploughs with two cutting elements, the object of the present invention is to provide a reversible ploughing device that transfers the advantages of a bed plough with a single-row disc assembly to the functionality of a reversible plough.

[0007] This object is achieved with a reversible ploughing device having the features according to claim 1. Appropriate further developments are defined in the dependent claims.

[0008] According to the invention, the reversible ploughing device has knife-like cutting elements arranged on both sides of a plough beam. These are also referred to as undercutting tools or angle knives and are permanently mounted on the plough beam, specifically on both sides of the plough beam, i.e., arranged 180° to each other. These knife-like cutting elements are variably adjustable, for example, with regard to their angle of attack. The adjustability can preferably be controlled hydraulically, in particular from the driver's seat. The angle of attack results in depth control, which is preferably achieved via hydraulic actuators. The angle of attack of these knife-like cutting elements ultimately defines the force with which the ploughing device is pulled into the ground, thus adjusting the plowing depth.According to the invention, at least one one-sided, hollow-disk-like first cutting element is provided with respect to the plough beam, which first cutting element can be pivoted from a first position on a first side of the plough beam, in which the first cutting element is arranged with respect to the knife-like second cutting elements such that a second cutting element and the first cutting element in the first position together form a complete module for plowing in one plowing direction. The hollow-disk-like first cutting element can then be pivoted into a second position on a second side opposite the first side of the plough beam by means of a pivot arm. When the first cutting element is pivoted from the first position into the second position, the second cutting element arranged in the second position, representing a half-module, so to speak, together with the first cutting element again forms a complete module.

[0009] The essential core of the invention is that the knife-like second cutting elements are arranged on both sides, i.e. 180° opposite each other on the plough beam, and the first cutting element can be pivoted from the first position into the opposite, second position. Whenever the first cutting element is in one of the positions, i.e. the first position or the second position, the first cutting element together with the respective second cutting element forms a complete module consisting of the first cutting element, which is designed like a hollow disc, and the second cutting element, which is preferably designed like a knife. When the first cutting element is pivoted to the first position, the complete module then present there can be used to plough the soil in a first direction. At the end of the furrow, the towing vehicle can turn around and draw the second furrow directly next to this furrow in the back direction.All that's required is that the first cutting element is pivoted from the first position to the second position, allowing the furrow to be plowed in the opposite direction with the same camber and angle of attack of the first, hollow-disk-shaped cutting element. This makes it possible to convert a half-row plow, which essentially acts as a bed plow, into a reversible plow by pivoting the first cutting element from the first position to the second position.

[0010] Compared to a conventional reversible plough, in which a row of plough modules must always be transported empty while the first furrow is being plowed, at least one hollow disc-shaped first cutting element is saved. The more plough modules are attached to the plough beam, the greater the saving. This saves a considerable amount of effort for the reversible ploughing device compared to a conventional device of this type. Due to the lower mass, tractive power and therefore fuel from the towing vehicle are also saved. The pivoting of the first cutting element from the first position to the second position and vice versa is achieved via a pivot arm. The hollow disc-shaped first cutting elements are connected to the plough beam via corresponding pivot axes with a pivot arm that is mounted on the plough beam so that it can rotate or pivot vertically.The pivot axes are preferably arranged on the plow beam such that the pivot arm can be pivoted vertically within a predetermined range. By combining a second cutting element or a series of second cutting elements, a complete module is created. The hollow disc-like first cutting elements, together with the pivot arm mechanism, describe a defined path on their pivoting path and, in the final position—i.e., in the respective first or second position—are combined with the undercutting tool to form a functional modular assembly.

[0011] Preferably, in an arrangement of several hollow disc-like first cutting elements, these are connected to one another via a linkage and can simultaneously be pivoted from the first to the second position by means of the respective pivot arm.

[0012] However, it is also possible for several hollow-disk-like first cutting elements to be individually pivoted at the same angle from the first to the second position by means of respective hydraulic cylinders. The cutting angle for the hollow-disk-like first cutting elements is set in a horizontal position, namely parallel to the plough beam. The camber angle, on the other hand, is adjusted in a complementary manner during the pivoting process across the pivoting range, for example, in the range from 0° to 80°, relative to the horizontal starting position. The working position for the cutting and camber angles is thus achieved without subsequent correction of the hollow-disk-like cutting element (camber angle), and without the need for an additional pivot axis for adjusting these angles.

[0013] Preferably, the first cutting element is provided for cutting a side region of a soil ridge from the ground, while the second cutting element cuts the bottom region of the soil ridge, i.e. its base, in the plowing direction. Preferably, the first cutting element has the same cutting and camber angle compared to the previous position, both after pivoting into the first position and after pivoting into the second position. To turn the reversible plowing device, the plough beam is rotated 180° around a plough head rotating mechanism. During pivoting, the camber angle changes continuously. When pivoting the pivot arm from the first to the second position or vice versa, the camber angle and cutting angle can be the same, for example approximately 77°, in particular 77.3°. If, for example, the pivot arm position of 77.3° has not yet been reached, a larger cutting angle results, and if pivoting by more than 77.3°, the camber angle becomes larger.Within the pivoting range of the pivot arm from 0° to 90°, the hollow disc-shaped first cutting element essentially rotates in space relative to the pivot plane. During the pivoting movement, the cutting and camber angles of the two cutting elements relative to the tractor's pull line or the furrow wall are continuously changed. This makes it possible to regulate the desired soil cultivation intensity. If, for example, the soil needs to be cut more (initial cut) or turned more, this is possible depending on the position of the pivot arm. It goes without saying that the pivot arms for the hollow disc-shaped first cutting elements can be locked in a desired position.

[0014] Preferably, the knife-like second cutting elements are adjustable both on the plough beam, for example, by means of a perforated plate, and with regard to their angle of attack for depth control by means of hydraulic actuators. Independently of this, the knife-like second cutting elements are attached to the plough beam.

[0015] Further preferably, the knife-like second cutting elements are mechanically adjustable on the plow beam and with regard to their angle of attack for controlling the depth of cut, preferably via a perforated plate with a shear bolt. At the same time, the width of the perforated plate can preferably improve the tracking stability. The angle-adjustable perforated plate is adjustable via the perforation, meaning the depth of cut can be adjusted via this. With the simple locking mechanism via a shear bolt, a stone protection system can also be implemented.

[0016] Preferably, the pivoting elements are pivotable in a first pivoting direction by 270° to 300° around the pivot axis, or in a second pivoting direction opposite to the first pivoting direction by 80° to 100°, wherein the pivot axis is arranged at 90° to the line of pull of the ploughing device. Preferably, the hollow disc-like first cutting elements are pivotable in a plane, which is preferably achieved via a pivoting lever, which can simultaneously be fixed for locking in the end position, i.e., the first position or the second position.

[0017] According to a further preferred embodiment, a second cutting element is arranged only behind every second of the first cutting elements. This also saves costs, since the overall construction of the reversible ploughing device according to the invention is simpler in design with fewer components.

[0018] With the reversible plough device according to the invention, it is thus possible to avoid the undesirable so-called "collapse" (which refers to the formation of ridges) or "splitting" (which characterizes empty furrows) of a bed plough during plowing. The reversible plough according to the invention, which can also be referred to as a rotary plough, was developed primarily to prevent both collapsing and splitting. However, the disadvantage of this reversible plough is that it requires two blade-like second cutting elements, namely on both sides of the plough beam.

[0019] The essence of the present invention, i.e., the reversible ploughing device, is that double assembly with complete modules is not required; only the knife-like second cutting elements are double-assembled. Due to the fact that the hollow disc-like first cutting elements can be pivoted between the first position, the first side of the plough beam, on which the knife-like second cutting elements are arranged, into the second position, 180° opposite to the first position, and in the respective position form a complete module together with the knife-like second cutting elements, it is possible to avoid both collisions and separation without the need for complete modules on both sides of the plough beam.

[0020] When the front field is reached at the end of a field to be ploughed, the ploughing device is still in the working position with the cutting and camber angles set precisely for this plough. At the end of the field, at the end of the furrow, the ploughing device is hydraulically lifted out of the furrow and then rotated 180° around the horizontal axis using the rotating mechanism equipped with a vertical shaft. The row of discs, i.e. the hollow disc-like first cutting elements, is pivoted to the opposite side, i.e. upwards. The discs are then pivoted hydraulically or via a coupling rod mechanism back into the working position in parallel, so that the same angle conditions for camber and cutting prevail on the return journey, preventing the formation of ridges and empty furrows. This means that the system is simply mirrored and the cutting and camber angle settings are retained.After the corresponding swiveling process, a complete module is produced on the opposite side. After the swiveling process, the hollow disc-like first cutting elements are locked in their current working position. The camber and cutting angles are then identical to those for the outward movement.

[0021] This novel kinematics according to the invention makes it possible to easily convert a bed plough with a single-row disc assembly into the functionality of a reversible plough.

[0022] The second cutting elements, the undercutting tools, which are designed like knives, enable improved mechanical weed control, which leads to a reduction in the use of chemical weed killers. The reversible ploughing device according to the invention also leads to better soil loosening and better mixing through the rotating, hollow-disk-shaped first cutting elements, i.e., the hollow discs. Since the degree of soil cover can be regulated during plowing, a direct positive influence can also be exerted on the water balance and erosion control. More space for plant rooting is achieved because the ploughing device according to the invention enables gentle turning with the creation of higher pore volume.The improved lightness compared to conventional moldboard ploughs leads to fuel savings and thus also to a reduction in CO2, which overall contributes to ecological sustainability and results in an increase in yield and overall soil improvement.

[0023] Further advantages, features, and possible applications of the invention will now be explained using exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings: Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of the reversible ploughing device according to the invention with hollow disc-shaped cutting elements pivotably connected via a rod; Figure 2 shows a second embodiment with hollow disc-shaped cutting elements pivotably arranged individually via hydraulic cylinders; Figure 3 shows a side view of the embodiment according to Figure 1with pivoting of the hollow disc-shaped cutting elements from their first position to the second position; Figure 4 shows a basic representation of a hollow disc-shaped cutting element pivotably arranged on the plough beam by means of a hydraulic cylinder; Figure 5 shows a basic arrangement of the hollow disc-shaped cutting element according to Figure 4 , but with the hydraulic cylinder extended for pivoting; Figure 6 a basic three-dimensional representation of the embodiment according to Figure 2 , but with the first cutting elements omitted to simplify the illustration; Figure 7 a basic representation of the arrangement of the hollow disc-like cutting element with adjustment via a hydraulic cylinder and with a cutting angle adjustable via a perforated plate; Figure 8a), b), c) the basic representation of the embodiment according to Figure 2in three views with different phases of the pivoting of the hollow disc-like cutting elements by means of hydraulic cylinders with the second cutting elements omitted in the drawing; Figure 9 a view of the reversible ploughing device according to the invention looking in the direction of the traction line with the pivoting possibility of the hollow disc-like cutting elements according to the first embodiment with the second cutting elements omitted in the drawing; Figure 10a) two views of a hollow disc-like cutting element according to the embodiment according to Figure 2in its working position in side view and in plan view; Figure 10b) a hollow disc-like cutting element according to the second embodiment in neutral position; Figure 11 a further embodiment with two hollow disc-like cutting elements arranged one behind the other, to which a single first cutting element is assigned; and Figure 12 a commercially available goosefoot share, which instead of the one shown in Figure 11 drawn second cutting element with cutting blades extending in two directions.

[0024] In Figure 1 A reversible ploughing device 1 according to the invention is shown in a first exemplary embodiment. Four knife-like second cutting elements 3 are provided on both sides of the plough beam 2, i.e., directed upwards and downwards. These second cutting elements 3 are also referred to as half modules because they are not permanently assigned a second cutting element 4.

[0025] The reversible ploughing device 1 is connected to a towing vehicle via a plough head rotating mechanism 13 and is pulled by the latter in the plowing direction 5, indicated by the arrow in the drawing below the plough head rotating mechanism 13. This also drives the linkage 8, which, during a pulling or pushing adjustment, pivots the hollow disc-like first cutting element 4 by means of a pivot arm 6 about a pivot axis 14 from a first position, which in the example shown is the working position of the reversible ploughing device 1, into a second, not shown position. In the first position, the hollow disc-like first cutting element 4 transforms a respective knife-like second cutting element 3 from a half module into a complete module. If, by moving the linkage 8, the pivot arm 6 pivots the hollow disc-like first cutting element 4 about the pivot axis 14 into the second position, then, as shown in the Figure 1the respective upper knife-like second cutting element 3 together with the hollow disc-like first cutting element 4 pivoted into the second position from a half module also to a complete module.

[0026] This means that, in contrast to a normal reversible plough with complete modules extending on both sides of the plough beam, the reversible ploughing device 1 according to the invention has only a simple arrangement of hollow disc-like first cutting elements 4, which are always pivoted towards the row of knife-like second cutting elements 3 that is currently intended for plowing. This eliminates the double-row arrangement of first and second cutting elements 3, 4 on both sides of the plough beam 2, which is common in a conventional reversible plough. This allows considerable material and weight savings of the reversible ploughing device 1 according to the invention compared to conventional ploughs, so that for this reason too, a lighter plough requires less tractive force. This also results in further fuel savings and CO2 savings.The overall ecological balance of such a plough is therefore significantly improved compared to conventional reversible ploughs, and even more so compared to conventional moldboard ploughs.

[0027] The Figure 1 The reversible ploughing device 1 shown is shown in a position still above the soil 7 to be ploughed, which is indicated in principle. The plough beam 2 is pivoted out of the pulling line in the pulling direction by a so-called beam angle. The respective pivot arm 6 for the respective hollow disc-like first cutting element 4 is mounted on the plough beam 2 by means of a bearing block 27, which is provided with an inclined plane, so that the hollow disc-like first cutting element 4 is always optimally adjusted in terms of angle to the pulling line. To carry out the reversible ploughing device 1 turning, a turning hydraulic cylinder 16 is provided on the plough head rotating mechanism 13, by means of which the plough modules are rotated by 180°, so that the Figure 1 shown, arranged on the top of the plough beam 2, can be pivoted downwards towards the ground 7, followed by the pivoting of the hollow disc-like first cutting elements 4 to the knife-like second cutting elements 3 pointing towards the ground 7 via the linkage 8.

[0028] In the Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, the knife-like second cutting elements 3, referred to as undercutting tools, are fixedly mounted. However, they can be variably adjusted using perforated discs (not shown), for example, to adjust their angle of attack and thus the soil penetration force, even depending on different soil qualities.

[0029] Figure 2 shows a second embodiment, which is basically similar in structure to that of Figure 1corresponds, but with the difference that instead of a rod in the embodiment according to Figure 1 the reversible ploughing device 1 according to the second embodiment according to Figure 2For each individual hollow disc-like first cutting element 4, a hydraulic cylinder 9 is provided as an actuator for pivoting it from the first position into the second position. From the illustrated first position, which according to Figure 2 is the working position and in which the first cutting element 4 together with the second cutting element 3 forms a respective complete module, the elements are pivoted individually into the second working position, so that the upper row of second cutting elements 3 shown in the drawing together with the first cutting element 4 again forms complete modules, which are pivoted into this working position by pivoting the reversible ploughing device 1 via the plough head rotating mechanism 13 by means of a corresponding reversing hydraulic cylinder 16, for example if the reversible ploughing device 1 is to be turned for the furrow in the opposite direction after drawing a furrow in the plowing direction 5.This pivoting of the hollow-disk-like first cutting element 4 is achieved via the respective hydraulic cylinders 9 within the pivoting range 15 represented by the circular double arrow. The hydraulic cylinders 9 assigned to the respective first cutting elements 4 can be pivoted individually, but must be coordinated with each other before plowing begins so that they operate with identically set camber and cutting angles. Therefore, the individual hydraulic cylinders 9 are preferably synchronized with each other with regard to their function of pivoting the first cutting element 4.

[0030] The hollow disc-like first cutting elements are thus mounted vertically rotatably via the respective pivot arms 6. Within a predetermined range, the pivot axes on the plough beam 2 are arranged such that the pivot arm 6 can be pivoted vertically.

[0031] Thus, the hollow disc-like first cutting elements 4 with their respective pivoting arm mechanism describe a defined pivoting path when pivoting, wherein they are combined at a defined position, i.e. the first position or the second position, with respect to the undercutting tool, i.e. the knife-like second cutting element 3, to form a functional modular assembly, i.e. a complete module. The cutting angles 24 required for the hollow disc-like first cutting elements 4 are set in a horizontal position, a so-called neutral position, parallel to the plough beam 2. The camber angle of the respective hollow disc-like first cutting elements 4 is adjusted complementarily thereto during the pivoting process over the pivoting range 15 of, for example, 0° to 80°, relative to the horizontal starting position.

[0032] A significant advantage of the invention is that the working position with respect to the cutting and camber angle can be achieved without subsequent correction of the disc angle (camber angle). This makes it possible to dispense with an additional pivot axis for setting the correct cutting and camber angles. The other components, marked with the corresponding reference numbers, correspond in their design and function to those described in the description of Figure 1 have already been listed, so they will not be repeated here.

[0033] In Figure 3 is the embodiment according to Figure 1, in which, however, starting from the first position, i.e. a first working position, the hollow disc-like first cutting elements 4 are pivoted into the second position by pivoting around the pivoting range 15, in which they again form a complete module with the second, upper row of knife-like second cutting elements 3 in the then pivoted position. The pivoting into the second position is indicated by the dashed pivot arms 6. The linkage 8 is also shown in dashed lines when the first cutting element 4 is pivoted into this second position. The basic structure and function correspond to those according to the embodiment according to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , whereby according to Figure 2 Instead of the rod, a respective hydraulic cylinder 9 is arranged on each hollow disc-like first cutting element 4 or its pivot arm 6.

[0034] In Figure 4A detail of the basic arrangement of the hollow disc-like first cutting element 4 is shown, with the inclination of the axis of rotation of the first cutting element or the deflection of the plough beam 2 with respect to the direction of pull. For this purpose, the bearing for the pivot arm 6 is pivotable for pivoting the first cutting element 4 from the first position to the second position, i.e., from a first working position for a forward furrow to the second working position, including turning the reversible ploughing device 1 for the return furrow. For this purpose, the bearing block 17 has the corresponding inclination of the plough beam 2 of, as shown, approximately 20°. The adjustment of the pivot arm 6 for pivoting the first cutting element 4 from the first position is carried out by the hydraulic cylinder 9.The pivot arm 6 is aligned in its longitudinal direction parallel to the pulling direction, so that when the hollow disc-like first cutting element 4 is pivoted, it is moved in a plane in which the pivoting movement of the pivot arm 6 lies.

[0035] Figure 5 shows the embodiment according to Figure 2 , ie with a hydraulic cylinder 9 for realizing the pivoting movement of the hollow disc-like first cutting element 4. Shown in Figure 5 is that the hydraulic cylinder 9 in comparison to the illustration according to Figure 4 is extended, ie the first cutting element 4 has been pivoted into the second working position opposite to the first working position. In addition, Figure 5 shown that the hollow disc-like first cutting element 4 not only has a defined cutting angle, but is also set to a defined camber angle.

[0036] Figure 6shows in three-dimensional representation the embodiment according to Figure 2, namely with an adjustment of the pivot arms 6 for the hollow disc-like first cutting elements 4 by means of respective hydraulic cylinders 9. This means that each pivot arm 6 of the hollow disc-like first cutting elements 4 is connected to a hydraulic cylinder 9, which is fastened on one side to the pivot arm 6 and on the opposite side to the plough beam 2. At the vehicle-side end of the reversible ploughing device 1, a plough tower rotating mechanism 13 is arranged, by means of which the reversible ploughing device 1 can be rotated by 180° via a hydraulic actuator 16 when a return furrow is to be ploughed, so that no ridge formation and no empty furrow, but rather a uniform ploughing pattern occurs. For the sake of simplicity of the illustration, the knife-like second cutting elements 3 have been omitted. Depending on the pivot position, ieDepending on whether the respective hollow disc-like first cutting elements 4 are in the first working position or in the second working position, they create a complete module, depending on their pivoting position, either from the half-module of the lower row of knife-like second cutting elements 3 or from the upper row of these second cutting elements 3 together with the first cutting element 4. Therefore, contrary to necessity, in a conventional reversible plough, only one set of hollow disc-like first cutting elements 4 is provided, which can be pivoted relative to the respective second cutting elements 3 and there, after pivoting, creates a complete module from a half-module.In order that the plane in which the pivot arms 6 rotate during their pivoting lies parallel to the pulling direction, each pivot arm 6 is fastened with its pivot axis to a bearing block 17 which is hinged to the plough beam 2 and has an incline whose angle is identical to the deflection of the plough beam 2 with respect to the pulling direction.

[0037] In Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the arrangement of the hollow disc-like first cutting element 4 on the reversible plough device 1 is shown. The pivoting of the hollow disc-like first cutting element 4 is effected via a hydraulic cylinder 9 according to the second embodiment (see Figure 2). The pivot arm 6 is connected at one end to the bearing block 17, via which the pivot axis is realized. The hydraulic cylinder 9 is fastened between the pivot axis 14 located at one end of the pivot arm 6 and the fastening of the hollow disc-like first cutting element 4 at its other end, which is connected at its opposite end to the plough beam 2. At the end of the pivot arm 6, to which the hollow disc-like first cutting element 4 is fastened, there is a perforated plate element 18 for additional adjustment of the cutting angle 24 of the first cutting element 4. The cutting angle 24 can be adjusted to suit, for example, changed soil conditions by fastening a bolt into holes in the perforated plate that implement a respective pivot angle.

[0038] In Figure 8are a view opposite to the pulling direction (a), a side view (b) and a top view (c) according to the three-dimensional representation according to Figure 6 Here too, for the sake of simplicity of illustration, the knife-like second cutting elements 3, which, with reference to the illustration according to Figure 8b ) are arranged on the top and bottom of the plough beam 2, are not shown. Using the three different views according to Figure 8 It is intended to clarify which individual phases occur when a hollow disc-like first cutting element 4 is pivoted from the first working position, ie the ploughing position (see Figure 8b ), right first cutting element), in which the first cutting element 4 together with the second cutting element (not shown) forms a complete module, via the various intermediate positions to the second position (see Figure 8b), far left). In the second position, the hollow disc-like first cutting element 4 together with the knife-like second cutting element 3 (not shown) again forms a complete module. The individual pivoting phases shown refer conceptually to a single first cutting element. Of course, the individual positions, including the intermediate positions, do not refer to setting positions of the hollow disc-like first cutting element 4 on the reversible ploughing device 1. Rather, the individual first cutting elements 4 must be arranged in their respective working positions such that they form a complete module with the respective second cutting element 3 for the purpose of ploughing. Figure 8c ) represents a plan view of the various intermediate positions of the reversible ploughing device 1. Figure 8a) represents a view opposite to the line of pull and again shows the different positions of the hollow disc-like first cutting element 4 when pivoting from the working position, ie the first position, into the second position, from which the reversible ploughing device 1 must be rotated by 180° by means of the plough tower rotating mechanism 13, so that the complete module formed by the first and second cutting elements can plough the return furrow in the soil. Figure 8c ) the beam angle 19 is also shown, which represents the complementary angle to the deflection of the plough beam 2 with respect to the pulling direction 5 (not shown).

[0039] Figure 9 represents a principled view such as that set out in Figure 8a), but with all hollow disc-like first cutting elements 4 in the respective working position, ie in the ploughing position, whereby in this view too the knife-like second cutting elements 3 are not shown for the sake of simplicity of illustration.

[0040] In Figure 10a ), b) basic angular positions for setting and securing the same camber and cutting angle of the hollow disc-like first cutting element 4, which is to be pivoted by means of a hydraulic cylinder 9 via a pivot arm 6, are shown both in side view and in plan view. Figure 10a) In the side view shown above, it is shown how the hollow disc-like first cutting element 4 is pivoted via a pivot arm 6 by means of a hydraulic cylinder 9, which is attached to the pivot arm 6 and to the plough beam 2, which is shown in principle only as a dash-dot line. The pivot arm 6 is connected to the bearing block 17 via the pivot axis 14. During pivoting, which is effected by means of the hydraulic cylinder 9, the hollow disc-like first cutting element 4 is brought into the respective position about its pivot axis 14. Also shown is the ploughing direction or pull line 5. The adjustment axis 22 is also shown perpendicular to the axis inclined forward in the ploughing direction. Figure 10a) arranged below is the top view of the arrangement. In order to understand the reversible ploughing device 1 according to the invention, the relationship between the angular changes of the so-called cutting turning angle (camber angle) when the pivot arm 6 is rotated from 0° (horizontal) to 90° (vertical) is important. In the starting position of the pivot arm at 0° (horizontal), the cutting angle can be set to 20°, for example. The complementary turning angle (camber is 0°, i.e. vertical) results when the pivot arm 6 with the first cutting element 4 is pivoted towards 90°. Then the camber angle increases, the turning angle decreases. There is an angle at which both angles (cutting and camber angles) are equal, with the cutting angle predominating in the range before 77.3° is reached, whereas after an angle of 77.3° the camber angle predominates. This angle of ± 77.3° is also called Grindel angle 23.For example, if the cutting angle in the horizontal starting position is 20° relative to the tractor's towing line, the camber angle is 0°. As the swivel direction increases toward 80°, the camber angle increases and the cutting angle decreases, as the two angles are mutually dependent.

[0041] The pivot axes 14 for the pivot arms 6 with the hollow disc-like first cutting elements are mounted or aligned at 90°, i.e., perpendicular to the towing line, which corresponds to the direction of travel of the towing vehicle. This means that the hollow disc only needs to be aligned once to a cutting angle of 20°, for example. The adjustment axis 22 serves only to ensure the same cutting and camber angle on both sides.

[0042] Figure 10b) shows the neutral position with respect to the direction of travel shown, which is adjusted, ie the pivoting of the first cutting elements 4 is interrupted approximately in the middle between the first working position and the second working position, namely approximately along the alignment of the plough beam 2, which occurs during the actual turning process. The inclination of the hollow disc-like first cutting element 4 with respect to the pivot arms 6 aligned parallel to the pulling direction is shown as the cutting angle 24 in the top view of the illustration according to Figure 10b ) drawn.

[0043] In Figure 11A schematic representation of a further embodiment is shown, in which, to further reduce the number of elements required for plowing, two hollow disc-like first cutting elements 4 are arranged one behind the other in the plowing direction 5, to which a single blade-like second cutting element 3 is assigned, the design of which has two blade-like partial cutting elements, which allow an adjustment 26 of the angle of attack from an adjustable vertical plate, namely by means of a perforated plate 27. Thus, from a central position, the soil region 12 of the earth bar 10 can be cut on both sides for the respective design of the two hollow disc-like first cutting elements 3 preceding the blade-like second cutting elements 3 and arranged one behind the other.Both hollow-disk-like cutting elements 3 separate the soil bar from its side area 11 and, due to their hollow-disk-like design, simultaneously cause the soil bar to turn. For trailing stability, a disc coulter 25 is additionally provided in the plowing direction 5 after the blade-like second cutting element 3. This cutting element 3, also referred to as a two-bladed blade-like second cutting element 3 and serving, so to speak, two leading hollow-disk-like first cutting elements, would have to be manufactured separately.

[0044] In Figure 12A so-called duckfoot share 28 is shown, which can be used instead of a two-bladed second cutting element 3. Such a duckfoot share 28 is commercially available and can be manufactured at a lower cost than a two-bladed, specially designed and manufactured second cutting element 3. This allows two soil areas 12 of the earth bar 12 to be cut, namely the respective soil areas that belong to the two leading, hollow-disk-like first cutting elements 4. List of reference symbols

[0045] 1 Reversible ploughing device 2 Plough beam 3 Blade-like second cutting element 4 Hollow-disk-like first cutting element 5 Ploughing direction 6 Swivel arm 7 Soil 8 Rod 9 Hydraulic cylinder 10 Soil beam 11 Side area of ​​soil beam 12 Bottom area of ​​soil beam 13 Plough head slewing gear 14 Swivel axis of first cutting element 15 Swivel range 16 Actuator of plough head slewing gear / reversible hydraulic cylinder 17 Bearing block 18 Perforated plate for cutting angle adjustment 19 Beam angle 20 Working position 21 Neutral position 22 Adjustment axis 23 Beam angle 24 Cutting angle 25 Disc coulter 26 Adjustment angle of attack 27 Perforated plate for adjustment 28 Goosefoot share

Claims

1. Rotatable ploughing device (1) with blade-like second cutting elements (3) arranged on both sides of a plough beam (2), wherein at least one one-sided hollow disc-like first cutting element (4) having an adjustable cutting angle is pivotable from a first position on a first side of the plough beam (2), in which the first cutting element is arranged relative to the blade-like second cutting elements (3) with an adjustable angle of attack in such a way, that a second cutting element (3) and a first cutting element (4) each together form a complete module for ploughing in a ploughing direction (5), into a second position on a second side opposite the first side of the plough beam (2) by means of a pivot arm (6), in which each further second cutting element (3) as a half module forms a complete module after the first cutting element (4) has been pivoted over, wherein the complete module is able to be rotated on the second side towards the ground (7) such that the ground (7) can be ploughed with the same camber and cutting angle of the first cutting element (4) in a ploughing direction opposite to the return ploughing direction (5).

2. Rotatable ploughing device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of hollow disc-like first cutting elements (4) are connected to one another via a linkage (8) and can be pivoted simultaneously from the first position into the second one by means of the respective pivot arm (6).

3. Rotatable ploughing device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of hollow disc-like first cutting elements (4) can be pivoted individually about the same angle from the first position into the second one by means of respective hydraulic cylinders (9).

4. Rotatable ploughing device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first cutting element (4) is designed such that when being moved in the ploughing direction (5) a side region (11) of an earth bar (10) can be cut from the ground, and the second cutting element (4) is designed such that by being moved in the ploughing direction a ground region (12) of the earth bar (10) is able to be cut wherein the first cutting elements (4), being able to be pivoted from the first side of the plough beam (2) to the second side, comprise the same cutting and camber angles both in the first position and in the second position, wherein the plough beam (2) can be rotated through 180° about a top link plough clevis (13) for turning.

5. Rotatable ploughing device (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that when pivoting the swivel arms (6) by 77.3° from the first position to the second one or vice versa, the cutting angle and the camber angle are equal.

6. Rotatable ploughing device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the swivel arm (6) is able to be locked in a desired position.

7. Rotatable ploughing device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the blade-like second cutting elements (3) on the plough beam (2) are adjustable with regard to their cutting angle for depth retraction control, in particular by means of hydraulic actuators.

8. Rotatable ploughing device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the blade-like second cutting elements (3) are attached to the plough beam (2) and are mechanically adjustable with regard to their cutting angle for depth retraction control, in particular via a perforated plate with shear bolts.

9. Rotatable ploughing device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the first cutting elements (4) are pivotable in a first pivoting direction by 270° to 300° about a pivot axis (14) or in a second pivoting direction opposite to the first pivoting direction by 80° to 100°, which pivot axis (14) is arranged at 90° to the pulling line of the ploughing device (1).

10. Rotatable ploughing device (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that the hollow disc-like first cutting elements (4) are pivotable in a plane.

11. Rotatable ploughing device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the first cutting elements (4) are pivotable via a pivoting lever and are able to be locked in the respective position.

12. Rotatable ploughing device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that a second cutting element (3) is arranged only behind each second one of the first cutting elements (4).