METHOD AND ORDER FOR MANAGING THE USERS OF NETWORKED MACHINE TOOLS IN A MACHINE PARK

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a method for managing the users of data-technically networked machine tools, in particular lathes and / or milling machines, of a machine park, as well as an arrangement for user management of machine tools of a machine park, with a data network consisting at least of an electronic device for central user management and data-technically connected machine tools.

[0002] In technical facilities, a large number of machines, for example identical or at least similar, can be set up. Such an arrangement can be referred to as a machine park. For example, a machine hall or factory site might contain a variety of machine tools, such as conventional lathes and milling machines. A user can log in to the control panel of a selected machine and activate it to machine a workpiece, for example, by operating the machine's components. After completing the work, the user can log out of the machine, making it available for other operators. The operator can log in again at a later time to the same or a different machine in the machine park to finish machining a workpiece or to begin a new machining operation.

[0003] DE 10 2007 041 768 A1 and EP 2 034 378 A2 disclose a machine tool with an access control system. For this purpose, the machine tool has a receiving device. This device can receive a user identification from a mobile data carrier belonging to a user who logs in to the machine tool. Based on this identification, the machine tool queries a training database via a data network for authorization data assigned to the user. Using the received authorization data, the access control device then enables the operating functions that the respective user is authorized to perform.

[0004] German patent DE 10 2019 108 049 A1 discloses a system for controlling a user's access to the operating functions of a technical system. Using a local data network and based on user identification, the system can retrieve the access authorization data assigned to a user. This data is then used to determine which operating functions the respective user is authorized to access, and only those functions are selected when the user uses the system.

[0005] German patent application DE 10 2017 116 161 A1 discloses a user interface device for a process plant. This device is designed to allow only authorized personnel to access individual components of the process plant, known as plant assets, such as motors, pumps, compressors, drives, and switchgear, via portable computer devices (UI devices). This access enables users to perform tasks such as settings, calibrations, troubleshooting, monitoring, and inspections. To access these components, users must authenticate themselves to the respective plant asset using their UI device. Permissions assigned to the user can then be retrieved from a server using a user ID. The UI device determines the functions the user is permitted to perform. A system administrator can grant additional permissions to an unauthorized user, allowing them access to specific plant assets.

[0006] In known systems, a person's access to the operating functions of a machine tool or technical system is granted based on personal authorization data. This data is retrieved from a central unit, such as a server, via a data network when the person logs in to the machine or system. Depending on the scope of the authorizations contained in the data, the user is then granted access to the technical equipment of the respective machine or system.

[0007] The problem arises that the actual level of training of each operator is unknown. Operators may have acquired their granted user authorizations in various ways. The electronically transmitted user authorizations do not indicate whether an operator acquired their knowledge of a particular piece of equipment, for example, through self-study or participation in demonstrations. In particular, it is not guaranteed that an operator has actually completed prior training on a real, comparable piece of technical equipment. DE 10 2017 116 161 A1 even provides for a system administrator to manually grant additional authorizations. This means that, for example, in perceived emergency situations, individuals whose qualifications are unclear could potentially be authorized to operate technical equipment.Finally, with the known systems, it is not guaranteed that the authorization levels regarding the quality of training of all persons eligible to operate the system are based on a comparable foundation and are as identical as possible.

[0008] For the safe operation of, for example, a lathe, it would be advantageous if the skills of all users in a machine park were comparable and ideally at a level of proficiency that allows for the operation of safety-critical machine components and the execution of complex workpiece machining operations. Otherwise, higher scrap rates of incorrectly machined workpieces, damage to tools and machine tool equipment, and personal injury risks can occur. Safe and productive operation should be possible on every machine in a machine park, regardless of the operator logged in.

[0009] The invention is based on the objective of providing a method and an arrangement based on this method for managing the users of data-technically networked machine tools of a machine park, which makes it possible for the users who are eligible to operate the machines of a machine park to be trained in such a way that they have as comparable practical skills as possible on the basis of a verifiable level of competence.

[0010] The problem is solved by the method specified in claim 1 for managing the users of networked machine tools in a machine park. The problem is further solved by the arrangement specified in claim 5 for managing the users of machine tools in a machine park with a data network comprising at least one electronic device for central user management and networked machine tools. Further embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

[0011] In the method according to the invention, authorization levels are assigned to the operable machine components of the machine tools in a central user management system. These levels make it possible to structure the operable machine components of the machine tool, in particular depending on their function and technical operating complexity.

[0012] In the invention, the term "operable machine components" encompasses both machine parts that a user can physically grasp, such as switches, handwheels, and much more, and functions that can be triggered and operated via a user interface, such as a central user interface with a touchscreen, and which are executed by the machine control system using machining software. The term "operable machine components" thus extends to all elements of a machine tool with which a user can, in particular, make and check machine settings and prepare and perform workpiece machining operations.

[0013] Based on the assignment of authorization levels to operable machine components, authorized users of the machine tools in the machine park can be assigned one of the authorization levels in the central user management system. This has the advantage that the scope of use that can be individually assigned to a user can be parameterized depending on the operable machine components. The number of machine components that can be operated after logging into a machine tool can thus be made available for use or remain blocked on a personal basis.

[0014] The user management arrangement according to the invention is advantageously equipped with an authorization level file and a user file. The authorization level file contains a data record of the operable machine components and the authorization levels assigned to them. The user file contains a data record of the authorized users for the machine tools in the machine park and the authorization levels assigned to them.

[0015] According to the invention, a machine tool has at least one set of operating instructions for an operable machine component. The type and scope of the operating instructions are adapted to the operable machine components available on the machine tool. For machine tools with a larger number of operable machine components, several sets of operating instructions can be stored in a library for retrieval and execution by a logged-in user.

[0016] Operating instructions can also be referred to as tutorials and, if necessary, stored in a tutorial library. The user management arrangement according to the invention is equipped with a memory for this purpose.

[0017] Operating instructions provide a user with a structured sequence of actions that they can practice on a machine tool within the machine park. This allows the user to learn how to operate one or more related, operable machine components to which the specific instructions refer. These instructions can be advantageously displayed and presented to the operator on the machine tool's control panel, such as a central touchscreen. If needed, additional information such as written explanations, virtual animations of interactions between machine components, measured values, changes in the machine tool's state due to operating actions, and much more can also be displayed or accessed during the operating instructions.

[0018] According to the invention, the complete and proper execution of an operating instruction, activated by a registered user, is monitored by the respective machine tool itself. This offers the advantage that, in particular, the actual and proper execution of the actions of the operating instruction relating to the respective machine component by a person is automatically verified by the machine tool. According to a further embodiment of the invention, in the event of incorrect operation, the operating instruction can also provide the operator with instructions to repeat the operation of a machine component correctly.

[0019] In the invention, the execution of an operating instruction for a machine tool can be monitored in different ways.

[0020] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the activation of operating elements of the machine tool, which must be manually operated by a registered user during operating instructions, can be evaluated. A central touchscreen display on the machine tool can particularly advantageously serve as such an operating element for displaying and conducting operating instructions. The processing unit of a machine tool can monitor step by step whether a user has performed all the required inputs of the operating instructions in the desired sequence.

[0021] In a further embodiment of the invention, the machine tool can include means that transmit signal feedback from a monitored machine component, which is associated with an operable machine component, e.g., to a processing unit, when operation of a monitored machine component is detected during the execution of operating instructions. Such additional evaluation of, in particular, physical feedback signals, e.g., currents and voltages from drives and switches, as well as output signals from rotary encoders and linear scales, offers an additional means of verifying the execution of operating instructions.

[0022] Advantageously, to verify that a registered user has fully completed an operating instruction, both the activation of operating devices, e.g. a central touch display, and signal feedback from monitorable machine components can be used.

[0023] According to the invention, a machine tool or a processing unit contained therein reports to the central user management system that the user has completed an activated operating instruction. The central user management system can then assign the authorization level associated with the operable machine component, as recorded in the authorization level file, to the user and subsequently update the user file accordingly.

[0024] This offers the advantage that the knowledge acquired through successful completion of operating instructions is credited to the user's file by assigning them the authorization level associated with the machine component they can operate. Upon logging in to the same or a different machine tool in the machine park, the user can access other or additional machine components within the scope of their assigned authorization level and, if necessary, perform more extensive or practical machining operations.

[0025] A particular advantage of the invention lies in the fact that operating instructions contain uniform, pre-parameterized sequences, especially of instructions and operations. After completing these instructions, a user is trained in the proper handling of the assigned machine component. Therefore, it can be assumed that users authorized to operate a machine within a given machine park who have completed the same operating instructions possess comparable levels of knowledge and skills, corresponding to the scope of their respective authorization levels. Furthermore, the completion and, if necessary, regular repetition of operating instructions for each individual can be automatically documented and monitored.

[0026] The automatic monitoring according to the invention of the complete execution of an operating instruction by the machine tool itself offers the advantage that a tutorial that is only incompletely or incorrectly carried out cannot be accidentally or intentionally acknowledged as correct by a person.

[0027] In a preferred further embodiment of the invention, the authorization levels can be structured. In this case, a higher authorization level, in addition to the at least one operable machine component assigned to this higher authorization level, also includes operable machine components assigned to one or more lower authorization levels.

[0028] For example, a "low" authorization level might only allow a person to operate basic machine components and perform simple workpiece machining. With increasing experience and completion of relevant tutorials, a person can be granted "higher" authorization levels, which enable them to operate additional machine components. An experienced machine operator, for instance, could be assigned a "high" authorization level, which unlocks the ability to perform particularly complex workpiece machining or operate sensitive machine components.

[0029] When a user file is updated, the central user administration assigns the logged-in user the authorization level corresponding to the machine component that can be operated during the training. The advantage of this process is that the previous authorization level in the user file is replaced by the new one; that is, a lower authorization level is typically overwritten by a new, higher one. This upgrade has the benefit that the user retains a single, but higher-level authorization with expanded operating privileges.

[0030] According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, when a user logs into a machine tool in the machine park, particularly to perform workpiece machining operations typical in regular operation, the authorization level assigned to the user is read from the central user management system. The machine tool then unlocks the at least one operable machine component that is covered by the user's authorization level. This offers the advantage that a user is only granted access to machine components that correspond to their authorization level. The definition and assignment of authorization levels makes it possible to assign a user a key value to unlock the operating resources according to their level of training when operating the selected machine tool.The machine control system blocks the operation of machine components that are not covered by the user's authorization level.

[0031] The invention, further advantageous embodiments thereof, and an exemplary arrangement for user management of a machine tool park according to the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the briefly mentioned figures. These figures show Fig. 1 an exemplary block diagram of an arrangement according to the invention for user management of a machine park with data-technically networked machine tools of the machine park and a central user management system for authorized operators of the machine tools, Fig. 2 an exemplary program flow diagram of an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, which is executed when a user logs in to the processing unit of a machine tool of the machine park in order to enable or disable the operable machine components depending on the user's authorization level, Fig. 3 an exemplary program flow diagram for a subroutine of an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, which can be executed in a machine tool of the machine park in order to offer the provision of operating instructions in the event of a lack of authorization level of the user, Fig.Figure 4 shows an exemplary program flow diagram for a subprogram of an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, which can be executed in a machine tool of the machine park during the completion of an operating instruction by a user; Figure 5 shows an exemplary set of screen displays that can advantageously be displayed to a user for processing an operating instruction relating to "machine safety"; Figure 6 shows an exemplary set of screen displays that can advantageously be displayed to a user for processing an operating instruction relating to "machine operation"; and Figure 7 shows an exemplary set of screen displays that can advantageously be displayed to a user for processing an operating instruction relating to "manual longitudinal turning" of the workpiece.

[0032] The invention and advantageous further embodiments thereof are explained below using the example of advantageous embodiments.

[0033] Table 1 below lists, in the two left-hand columns, exemplary machine components Bx that can be operated by one person at a machine tool in the machine park. The two right-hand columns advantageously compare this with corresponding, monitorable machine components Mx.

[0034] Groups B0, B1 ... B16 represent machine components that can be operated by a user, while groups M1, M2 ... M17 represent machine components that can be monitored, particularly by the machine control system. Such machine components from both groups are present, for example, in a conventional lathe, such as a conventional lead screw lathe. Table 1 Bx operable machine components Mx monitorable machine components B0 Turn on the machine M1 Query power supply and control activity B1 Close / open the feed guard hood M2 Check the status of the safety switch on the feed guard hood B2 Close / open lock nut M3 Check the status of the safety switch on the lock nut B3 Switch spindle drive on / off M4 Check the position of the spindle selector switch B4 Select stop axis in the z / x direction M5 Query the position of the rotary switch (x, 0, z) for the end stop. B5 Enter feed rate in the z / x direction M6 Query entered feed rate for longitudinal slide / cross slide B6 Change feed direction (pos. / neg.) M7 Check the position of the rotary switch for the feed direction B7 Activate automatic longitudinal feed of the bed carriage M8 Query feed switch status (indirectly by detecting a change in the absolute position of the bed carriage) B8 Manually move the bed carriage M9 Read in the absolute positions of the bed carriage B9 Manually move the upper slide M10 Read in absolute positions of the upper slide B10 Manually move the cross slide M11 Read in absolute positions of the planing carriage B11 Trigger emergency stop M12 Check the status of the emergency stop monitoring B12 Change tool M13 Querying data from an RFID tag on the tool B13 Measure tool M14 Check data entries in the controller B14 Menu "Radius Rotation" M15 Check the operation of the "Radius Rotation" menu in the control unit. B15 Menu "Cone Turning" M16 Check the operation of the "Cone Turning" menu in the control unit. B16 Menu "Thread cutting" M17 Check the operation of the "Thread Cutting" menu in the control unit. ... ... ... ...

[0035] Table 1 will be briefly explained using the following example. In a conventional lathe, as an example of a networked machine tool according to the invention, an operator can, for example, close or open a chuck guard. In Table 1, this is the operable machine component B1, labeled "Close / Open Chuck Guard". When closed, the chuck guard covers the machine spindle so that the spindle drive can be engaged without endangering the operator. Otherwise, the spindle drive remains locked.

[0036] Manual operation of the chuck guard by an operator can be detected, for example, by a processing unit of the machine tool by querying the status of a safety switch on the chuck guard. In Table 1, this is the monitored machine component M2, labeled "Query status of safety switch on chuck guard." Successful closure of the chuck guard and the resulting activation of the safety switch are prerequisites for starting the spindle drive. Conversely, an interruption of the safety switch due to intentional or accidental opening of the chuck guard results in an immediate shutdown of the spindle drive. The monitored machine component M2 thus enables, for example, the processing unit of the lathe to determine whether the chuck guard has actually been operated by an operator.This is demonstrated according to a further embodiment of the invention using the example of . Fig. 5 , which shows the screen display of a tutorial T1 labeled "Machine Safety", will be explained in more detail.

[0037] Table 2 below lists exemplary authorization levels S in the left column, e.g., authorization levels 0 to 6. According to the invention, this enables the activation of operable machine components Bx. The machine components Bx that can be operated by the holder of such an authorization level are listed in the middle column to the right.

[0038] For example, a person with authorization level S=0 can "switch on the machine and operate / activate safety elements." However, operable machine components that can be used for workpiece machining remain locked. Only a person with at least authorization level S=1 can "switch on the machine with a spindle speed of up to 1000 rpm." Thus, the operating components B0, B1, B3, B8, B9, and B10 of a machine tool's processing unit are unlocked when the user-specific authorization level of a logging-in user is checked against the central user management system and an authorization level of S=1 is returned. Table 2 S Authorization level operable machine components Bx Tx Operating instructions ("Tutorials") 0 Switch on the machine and activate / operate the safety elements. B0, B1, B3, B1 T1 Machine safety 1 Switch on the machine with a spindle speed of up to 1000 rpm. B0, B1, B3, B8 / B9 / B10 T2 Machine operation 2 + entering tool parameters into the control B0, B13 T3 Measure tool T4 clamping the workpiece 3 + Switch on the machine with a spindle speed of up to max. 2500 rpm B0, B1, B3, B8, B10, B8 T5 Manual longitudinal rotation 4 + Activate automatic longitudinal feed on the bed slide up to a maximum of 0.1 mm per spindle revolution B0, B1, B3, B7 T6 Turn on feed B0, B1, B5, B4, B3, B14 T7 Turning radii 5 + Using the menus "Radius Rotation" + "Cone Rotation" B0, B1, B5, B4, B3, B15 T8 Turn cone 6 + Using the "Thread Cutting" menu B0, B1, B3, B2 T9 Thread cutting ... ... ... ... ...

[0039] According to a further embodiment of the invention, the authorization levels are structured in Table 2, i.e. hierarchically.

[0040] For example, the holder of authorization level S=2 has access to the operating component B13 in addition to the machine components B0, B1, B3, B8, B9, and B10 that are already accessible with authorization level S=1. The ability to "measure a tool" is also additionally enabled. This is indicated in Table 2 by a leading "+" symbol.

[0041] In the two right-hand columns of Table 2, operating instructions (Tx), also called "tutorials," are assigned to each authorization level (S). Assigning an authorization level to a user requires successful completion of at least one, and possibly several, tutorials. For example, to obtain authorization level S=4, the successful and complete completion of operating instructions T6 and T7 is required. If a user only completes operating instruction T6, they remain at authorization level S=3.

[0042] For the authorization levels listed in Table 2, for example, authorization levels S = 0 to 3 can be described as "low" authorization levels, authorization levels S = 4 and 5 as "medium or higher" authorization levels, and authorization levels S = 6 as "high" authorization levels.

[0043] Furthermore, in the example shown, completing tutorials T1 "Machine Safety" and T2 "Machine Operation" is a prerequisite for obtaining the lowest authorization level 1, which allows active operation of the lathe for workpiece machining. To achieve this, an operator must have operated machine components B0, B1, B3, and B1 during tutorial T1, and machine components B0, B1, B8, B9, B10, and B3 during tutorial T2.

[0044] This can be done, for example, by evaluating signal feedback from assigned, monitorable machine components Mx. This will be illustrated below with examples of... Fig. 5 , which shows exemplary screen displays from the tutorial T1 "Machine Safety", and the Fig. 6 , which shows the exemplary screen displays of the tutorial T2 "Machine Operation", will be explained in more detail.

[0045] In a further embodiment of the invention, the activation of operating elements of the machine tool by the user can also be used, alternatively or additionally to signal-based feedback, to monitor the proper execution of operating instructions. Such an exemplary operating element could be, for example, a central touchscreen display on the machine tool. This can be used to show a user all the steps for completing a tutorial and to guide them step by step. As a rule, the operator must make inputs on the touchscreen display, e.g., activate subsequent steps in the tutorial, acknowledge inputs or operating actions, make virtual settings for workpiece machining, call up explanations, and much more. These activations can be used to monitor the complete execution of an operating instruction, e.g.,are recorded and systematically logged by the processing unit of a machine tool.

[0046] Fig. 1 Figure 1 shows an exemplary block diagram of an arrangement according to the invention for user management of a machine park MP with networked machine tools W1...Wx, e.g., conventional lathes, and a central user management system ZB for authorized operators of the machine tools. The machines are interconnected via a data network DN and connected to at least one central user management system ZB for the machines of the machine park. A possible embodiment of a machine is explained using the example of machine tool W1. The other machines Wx are advantageously constructed accordingly, so that in Fig. 1 No further reference marks are entered there.

[0047] The symbolically represented lathe W1 provides a user with a variety of operable machine components B0 ... B16 ... Bx. These machine components are listed as examples in Table 1 above. If a user wishes to begin operating machine W1, they can log in to the processing unit WV via an example user interface WB. This interface could be a touch-sensitive screen display, such as a touch panel. Additional data, such as workpiece and tool data, can also be entered into the machine control WM via this interface.

[0048] In Fig. 1 For example, a "user login" BAN can be started. An example program flowchart for this is shown below using the example of... Fig. 3 This will be explained in more detail later. For user login, this accesses the "Central User Administration" (ZB) via the DN data network.

[0049] The "Central User Management" (ZB) can be implemented as a separate electronic device within the network (DN), for example, as a separate server. This server contains a file called ZBM, also known as the authorization level file, which lists authorization levels (S) according to Table 2, as well as the associated, operable machine components. The "Central User Management" (ZB) also contains a file called ZBB, also known as the user file, which stores all authorized users and their user records. Fig. 1This shows an example user record ZBBx. In particular, it contains a memory ZBB1 with the authorization level currently assigned to the respective user. In a further version, additional memories may be present, e.g., a memory ZBB2 with the current validity period of the user's current authorization level and a memory ZBB3 with a directory of the operating instructions completed by the user, also known as the "tutorial archive".

[0050] For normal operation of one of the networked machine tools in the machine park, i.e., for activating the machine, for example, to perform regular workpiece machining, the processing unit (WV) reads the authorization level currently assigned to the user, which is recorded in memory ZBB1 of the user file ZBB, upon user login. This means that the user file in the central user management system queries this level electronically. The machine tool then activates at least one operable machine component that is covered by the authorization level assigned to the logged-in user. If an operator has finished using the machine or if the user has been rejected by the central user login, for example, due to an insufficient authorization level, the processing unit performs a "user logout" (BAB).Now, people other than those authorized to use the machine park can log in to machine W1.

[0051] According to another example, the Fig. 1 In the embodiment of the invention already described, copies ZBB+ and ZBM+ of the user file ZBB and the authorization level file ZBM can be additionally stored locally in the machine tools W1 ... Wx of the machine park by the central user management system. This enables faster data access to the contents of these files, particularly by the processing units of the machine tools, and, for example, allows for faster execution of tutorials.

[0052] This allows the authorization level S assigned to a user logged into a machine tool to be quickly read from the copy of the user file ZBB+, eliminating the need for a time-consuming query from the central user administration via the DN data network in each individual case. Similarly, the operable machine components Bx of the machine tool, which are covered by the authorization level S assigned to a logged-in user, can be quickly read and activated from the copy of the authorization level file ZBM+, eliminating the need for a time-consuming query from the central user administration via the DN data network in each individual case.

[0053] If changes occur in the ZBB and ZBM files, for example, if a user acquires a different or higher authorization level by completing a tutorial, the central user management system (ZB) can overwrite the copies of the ZBB+ user files on the Wx machine tools of the MP machine park with the updated ZBB user file. Similarly, the central user management system (ZB) can overwrite the copies of the authorization level file (ZBM+) on the Wx machine tools of the MP machine park with an updated ZBB authorization level file.

[0054] Fig. 2Figure 2 shows an exemplary program flowchart for such normal operation. It begins with user login (BAN) and ends with user logout (BAB). It comprises the exemplary program steps 2.1 to 2.8. In the first program step, 2.1, the login of a user and the scope of the machine components they have requested to be accessible are received. In the following program step, 2.2, the central user management system (ZB) is accessed, and program step 2.3 reads the authorization level currently assigned to the user (e.g., from a memory location ZBB1 of the associated user record ZBBx in the user file ZBB). In program step 2.4, it is checked whether the authorization level assigned to the user is sufficient for the permissions requested in program step 2.1. If this is the case, program step 2.5 activates the machine components (Bx) associated with the assigned authorization level (e.g.,...).One of the machine components B1...B16 is enabled and released in program step 2.6. After performing the operations in program step 2.7, the user can log out via the BAB routine and release the machines for use by other people. However, if the check in program step 2.4 reveals that the requested operations cannot be performed due to the insufficient authorization level S, the use is rejected in program step 2.8, and the BAB logout routine is also initiated. In such a case, the user may be offered tutorials during a subsequent execution. This allows them to update their authorization level, in particular to gain access to previously locked, operable machine components.

[0055] The invention enables an authorized user, as already explained in detail above, to conduct machine-guided operating instructions directly at one of the machine tools in the machine park using the method specified in claim 1 and the arrangement for user management specified in dependent claim 5, such that an update, in particular an upgrade, of the new authorization level can then be initiated directly, i.e., automatically, by the machine tool. According to the invention, the updated authorization level is credited to the user in the machine park-wide user file of the central user management system. This file is then available to the user at other selected machine tools for logging in and activating operable machine components that are covered by the authorization level now assigned to the logged-in user.

[0056] According to the invention, operating instructions, also called tutorials, are offered to the user. The tutorials are focused on operable machine components. Working through such machine-guided operating instructions improves the skills of a user who is not yet sufficiently experienced to operate a machine tool safely and perform error-free workpiece machining. The particular advantage of the invention lies in the fact that the execution of a tutorial is automatically monitored by a networked machine tool itself and, upon successful completion, is directly reported to the central user management system and archived there.

[0057] The invention is described below using the example of Figures 3 and 4 explained. This shows Fig. 3 a compared to Fig. 2Exemplary program flowchart 2 extended by a flowchart 3 for a subroutine, in which the execution of a tutorial according to the invention by a user and the automatic monitoring of execution and updating of the user file in the central user management system ZB, initiated by the machine tool itself, are additionally illustrated. Fig. 4 A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is illustrated, in which, for monitoring the execution of a tutorial, additional signal-technical feedback from monitorable machine components, which are assigned to operable machine components, is taken into account.

[0058] Fig. 3Figure 2 shows an exemplary flowchart for a subroutine that can be executed, for example, in a processing unit of a machine tool to enable an applicant to receive operating instructions in the event of insufficient authorization level. For this purpose, program flowchart 2 includes an additional flowchart 3 for a subroutine "Tutorial query - Authorization level update" with exemplary program steps 3.1 to 3.3.

[0059] In the example of the Fig. 3The verification of the user-requested operations in program step 2.4 does not lead to a rejection of the user. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, a tutorial T1...T9...Tx is first determined in program step 3.1 by querying a tutorial library WT in the processing unit WV of the tool W1. This tutorial is suitable for remedying the deficiency in the user's authorization level. The user can activate and execute this tutorial in program step 3.2. If the user does not make use of this option, the use is rejected in program step 2.8, and the logoff routine BAB is initiated.

[0060] Otherwise, the program "machine-guided operating instruction" ("Tutorial")" TBS is started and the execution of the selected tutorial Tx begins. After successful completion of the tutorial, the "program end of machine-guided operating instruction" TBE is reached. The desired update of the authorization level can now be performed in program step 3.3 by querying the authorization level S assigned to the machine component that was the subject of the tutorial from the authorization level database ZBM and reporting it back to the central user administration ZB. The new authorization level is then assigned to the user's data record ZBBx in the user's file ZBB in a memory location ZBB1 and is available to the user for future logins to all machine tools Wx in the machine park.

[0061] According to further embodiments of the invention, additional safety features can be provided. For example, an additional signal 3.4 can be used to ensure that the authorization level is only updated after successful completion of a tutorial upon receipt of an additional external release. This release can be provided, for example, by a supervisor after consulting with the user. Furthermore, an additional signal 3.5 can be used to ensure that the execution of a tutorial can only be activated upon receipt of an additional external release. This release can also be provided, for example, by a supervisor after verifying that all prerequisites for the safe execution of a tutorial are met at the machine tool and by the operator.

[0062] Fig. 4According to an advantageous further embodiment of the invention, Figure 4 shows an exemplary flowchart for a further subprogram that can be additionally executed in the processing unit of the machine tool of the machine park during the execution of an operator training session. This allows for the additional consideration of signal feedback from monitored machine components during the monitoring of the tutorial's execution.

[0063] This is indicated in Fig. 4Flowchart 4 of the subprogram "Tutorial Execution" illustrates exemplary program steps 4.1 to 4.8. After starting program 4 "Machine-Guided Operating Instructions" ("Tutorial Execution") TBS, the selected tutorial Tx is activated in program step 4.1, and the corresponding instructions are given to the user in the following program step 4.2. For instructions requiring the execution of actions by operable machine components Bx, to which a monitorable machine component Mx is assigned, signal feedback from the machine component Mx can be particularly advantageous to ensure that its operation has actually been carried out by the user.

[0064] In the subroutine flowchart in Fig. 4This is symbolized by the instructions in program step 4.3, which direct the user to at least one or more machine operations in program step 4.4. The execution of these operations is checked in program step 4.5, and if an operation is not performed or is unsuccessful, the user is returned to program step 4.4. If successful execution of the required operation is detected, the tutorial can be continued by processing further instructions, symbolized by program step 4.6. According to the invention, signal feedback from the monitorable machine components M1 ... M17 ... Mx of the machine control WM is detected for this purpose. These components are assigned to the operable machine components B0 ... B16 ... Bx, as shown in the example in Table 1. This is described in the Fig. 4The machine park (MP) field is shown on the right. If a complete execution of the tutorial can be detected in program step 4.7 and confirmed by a signal in program step 4.7, the end of the "machine-guided operating instruction" (TBE) is reached. The program sequence can be seen in subprogram flowchart 3 in Fig. 3 to be continued.

[0065] Fig. 5 Figure 1 shows an exemplary set of screen displays (1 to 4) that are shown to an operator when working through tutorial T1 "Machine Safety," particularly on the control unit of a lathe. Advantageously, the control unit, e.g., a touchscreen serving as the central user interface of the machine tool, can be switched to a separate user interface that provides a virtual representation of the machine tool, i.e., a virtual machine, for the safe execution of the tutorial.

[0066] In Fig. 5In the virtual representation of the machine, elongated arrows indicate the real machine components to be operated. Thus, completing tutorial T1 requires the sequential operation of machine components B0, B1, B3, and B1, as shown in Table 2. Screen 1, "Switch on machine (B0)," shows the machine's power switch. Screen 2, "Close chuck guard (B1)," shows the machine's chuck guard in the closed position. Screen 3, "Switch on main spindle (B3)," shows the machine's spindle selector switch. Screen 4, "Open chuck guard (B1)," shows the machine's chuck guard in the open position.If all these operations are performed by a user, and their execution is advantageously detected by a possible additional evaluation of corresponding feedback signals from the assigned monitorable machine components M1, M2, M4 and M1, then the tutorial T1 has been successfully completed by the operator.

[0067] Fig. 6 Figure 1 shows an example of screen displays 1 to 4, which are shown to an operator when working through tutorial T2 "Machine Operation," particularly on the control panel of a lathe. Here, too, long arrows point to the real machine components to be operated in a virtual representation of the machine.

[0068] Tutorial T2 requires the sequential operation of machine components B0, B1, B8 (or B9 or B10), and B3, as shown in Table 2. Screen 1, "Switch on machine (B0)," shows the machine's power switch. Screen 2, "Close chuck guard (B1)," shows the machine's chuck guard in the closed position. Screen 3, "Move a slide, e.g., the bed, top, or cross slide (B8, B9, B10)," shows, for example, the handwheel on the machine's bed slide. Screen 4, "Switch on the main spindle (B3)," shows the machine's spindle selector switch. If these operations are performed by a user and their execution is advantageously supported by the possible additional detection of feedback signals from the associated monitorable machine components M1, M2, M9 (or B10), then the system can be used to monitor the machine's power supply.Once M10, M11) and M1 are monitored, the operator has completed tutorial T2.

[0069] Fig. 7 Figure 1 shows an example of screen displays 1 to 6 that would appear to an operator while working through tutorial T5 "Manual Longitudinal Turning," for example, on the control panel of a lathe. Here, too, elongated arrows point to the real machine components to be operated in a virtual representation of the machine. Thus, tutorial T5 requires the sequential operation of machine components B0, B1, B3, B8, B10, and B8, as shown in Table 2.

[0070] In screen display 1, "Switch on machine (B0)," the machine's power switch is shown. In screen display 2, "Clamp workpiece," the machine's spindle is shown. A workpiece, e.g., in the form of an elongated cylinder, is symbolically represented with hatching. In screen display 3, "Close chuck guard (B1)," the machine's chuck guard in the closed position is shown. In screen display 4, "Switch on main spindle (B3)," the machine's spindle selector switch is shown. In screen display 5, "Adjust tool (B8, B10)," the handwheels on the machine's bed and cross slide are shown. By turning these handwheels, the slides can be positioned so that the tool is in the desired starting position at the beginning of longitudinal machining of the workpiece. In screen display 6..."Workpiece longitudinal turning (B8)" refers to the handwheel of the machine's bed slide, which is located at the end of the machining process. This is then situated at the left end of the machine bed, in front of the spindle.

[0071] In the example of the Fig. 7 The operating step "Clamp workpiece" in screen display 2 is not monitored by signal technology. If all other operations are performed by a user and their execution is advantageously detected by a possible additional evaluation of corresponding feedback signals from the assigned monitorable machine components M1, M2, M4, M9, M11 and M9, then tutorial T5 has been successfully completed by the operator.

[0072] According to a further embodiment of the invention already explained above, it is also possible to use the invention in the Figures 5 to 7The editing processes shown in tutorials T1, T2, and T5 allow the user to monitor the actions performed on the control device and thus detect proper completion of the respective tutorial. For example, in the... Fig. 5 The sequential activation of screen displays 1, 2, 3, and 4, which serve as user interface elements, is monitored and used as confirmation of the complete execution of tutorial T1. If the execution of tutorial T1 requires an operator to activate additional screen displays, such as those containing explanatory text and graphics, their proper activation can also be used to monitor the complete execution of tutorial T1. Reference symbol list

[0073] MP Machine park Wx Machine tools of a machine park W1 Machine tool, in particular lathes and / or milling machines Bx Operable machine components B0 ... B16 Exemplary operable machine components WB User interface, e.g. a touch panel, on the machine control for entering user and workpiece data WV Processing unit BAN Program start User login BAB Program end User logout TBS Program start Machine-guided operating instructions TBE Program end Machine-guided operating instructions Tx Machine-guided operating instructions ("Tutorials") T1...T9 Exemplary machine-guided operating instructions WT Library with machine-guided operating instructions WM Machine control Mx Monitorable machine components M1 ...M17 Exemplary monitorable machine components DN Data network for linking the machine tools and central user management ZB Central user management ZBM Authorization level file of the operable machine components ZBM+ local copies of the authorization level file in the machine tools S Authorization levels 1...6 Exemplary authorization levels ZBB User file of the authorized users ZBB+ local copies of the user file in the machine tools ZBBx An exemplary user data record ZBB1 Memory with the current authorization level of the user ZBB2 Memory with the current validity period of the current authorization level of the user ZBB3 Memory with directory of the machine-guided operating instructions completed by the user ("Tutorial archive") 2 Program flowchart "User login - User logout" 2.1 to 2.8 Individual program steps 3 Flowchart of the subprogram "Tutorial query - Update authorization level" 3.1 ... 3.3 Program steps 3.4 Manual release signal 3.5 Safety key switch release signal 4 Flowchart of the subprogram "Tutorial execution" 4.1 ... 4.8 Program steps.

Claims

1. Method for managing the users of data networked machine tools (Wx), in particular lathes and / or milling machines, of a machine park (MP), with - a central user management (ZB) for - assigning at least one authorization level (S) to the operable machine components (Bx) of the machine tools (Wx) and for - assigning an authorization level (S) to authorized users of the machine tools of the machine park, and wherein - the machine tools (Wx) - comprise at least one operating instruction ("tutorial") (Tx) for an operable machine component (Bx) of the respective machine tool (Wx), and - automatically monitor a complete execution of an operating instruction (Tx) by a user logged in at a respective machine tool (Wx), and - report to the central user management (ZB), so that there, for updating, the authorization level (S), which is assigned to the operable machine component (Bx) of the executed operating instruction (Tx), is assigned to the logged-in user.

2. Method according to claim 1, wherein the central user management (ZB) carries out an assignment of an authorization level (S) to the logged-in user while updating the central user management (ZB) depending on an additional clearance signal (3.4), in particular from an authorized person.

3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein - the authorization levels (S) are structured in such manner (table 2), that a higher authorization level (S,2), in addition to the at least one operable machine components (B13), which is assigned to this authorization level (S,2), also comprises operable machine components (B0), which are assigned to one or more lower authorization levels (1), and - the central user management (ZB), when updating, replaces ("upgrades") the authorization level assigned to the logged-in user with the higher authorization level, which is assigned to the operable machine component of the executed operating instruction ("tutorial").

4. Method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the machine tool (Wx) - reads (2.3) the authorization level (S.2) assigned to the logged-in user from the central user management (ZB) and - unlocks the at least one operable machine component (B13) of the machine tool (Wx), which is contained by the authorization level (S.2) assigned to the logged-in user.

5. Arrangement for user management of machine tools (Wx) of a machine park (MP) with a data network (DN) consisting of at least one electronic device for central user management (ZB) and data-connected machine tools (Wx), wherein - the central user management (ZB) contains at least one memory for - an authorization level file (ZBM) with the machine components (Bx) of the machine tools (Wx), each of which is assigned at least one authorization level (S), - a user file (ZBB) with the authorized users for the machine tool in the machine park, each of whom is assigned an authorization level (S), and - a machine tool (Wx) respectively contains - a memory (WT) for at least one operating instruction ("tutorial") (Tx) for at least one operable machine component (Bx) of the respective machine tool (Wx) and - a processing unit (WV) with means for - logging-in a user at the machine tool (Wx), - monitoring a complete execution of an operating instruction (Tx) by the logged-in user and - reporting the complete execution of the operating instruction (Tx) to the central user management (ZB) for updating the user file (ZBB), wherein there, the authorization level (s), which is assigned to the operable machine component (Bx) of the executed operating instruction (Tx), is assigned to the logged-in user.

6. Arrangement according to claim 5, wherein in particular the processing unit (WV) of the machine tool (Wx) for monitoring the execution of an operating instruction ("tutorial") (Tx) by the logged-in user contains means, which evaluate the activation of operating means (WB) of the machine tool (Wx) by the logged-in user, in particular the operation of a touch display.

7. Arrangement according to claim 5 or 6, wherein in particular the processing unit (WV) of the machine tool (Wx) for monitoring the execution of an operating instruction ("tutorial") (Tx) by the logged-in user contains means, which transmit a signal-based feedback of a monitorable machine component (Mx), which is assigned to an operable machine component (Bx), to the processing unit (WV), if an operation of the operable machine component (Bx) during the operating instruction ("tutorial") (Tx) is detected.

8. Arrangement according to claims 5, 6 or 7, wherein the machine tool (Wx) contains - means for reading the assigned authorization level (S) of the logged-in user from the central user management (ZB) and - means for unlocking the at least one operable machine component (Bx) of the machine tool, which is contained by the authorization level (S) assigned to the user.

9. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims 5 to 8, wherein the machine park (MP) contains data-connected lathes (W1), in particular conventional lathes, as machine tools (Wx).

10. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims 5 to 9, wherein the machine park (MP) contains data-connected milling machines (W1 as machine tools (Wx).

11. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims 5 to 9, wherein the machine tools (Wx) - contain a copy of the user file (ZBB+) with the authorized users for the machine tools (Wx) of the machine park (MP) and the respectively assigned authorization levels (S), and - read the authorization level (S) assigned to the user logged-in at the machine tool (Wx) from the copy of the user file (ZBB+).

12. Arrangement according to claim 11, wherein the central user management (ZB) overwrites the copies of the user files (ZBB+) on the machine tools (Wx) of the machine park (MP) after an update of the user file (ZBB) on the central user management (ZB).

13. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims 5 to 12, wherein the machine tools (Wx) - contain a copy of the authorization level file (ZBM+) with the operable machine components (Bx) for the respective machine tool and the respectively assigned authorization levels (S), and - read the operable machine components (Bx) of the machine tool, which are contained in an authorization level (S) assigned to a logged-in user from the copy of the authorization level file (ZBM+) and unlock them.

14. Arrangement according to claim 13, wherein the central user management (ZB) overwrites the copies of the authorization level files (ZBM+) on the machine tools (Wx) of the machine park (MP) after an update of the authorization level file (ZBM) in the central user management (ZB).