THERMALLY INSULATED PIPE

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a thermally insulated conduit pipe.

[0002] Pipes are often made of plastic and are used to transport various media such as water, oil, or gas. Pipes are particularly common in district heating systems, transporting media for water and heating supply systems.

[0003] Document DE 20 2019 004 158 U1 discloses, for example, an insulated tube comprising a flexible vacuum insulation panel. The vacuum insulation panel is formed in the form of units that create a mesh wrapped around an inner tube. Document WO 2020 / 204700 A1 discloses an insulated tube comprising one or more inner tubes surrounded by a first foam layer and a flexible vacuum insulation panel wrapped around this first foam layer. The insulated tube preferably comprises a second foam layer surrounding the flexible vacuum insulation panel and a corrugated outer casing. Preferably, the first foam layer, the vacuum insulation panel, the optional second foam layer, and the optional outer casing are arranged in a non-connected manner. Further technological background can be found in WO 2017 / 144609 A1 and WO 02 / 31400 A1.

[0004] With conventional pipes, heat losses can occur when transporting a medium, especially a warm or hot one, over long distances. These heat losses can alter the flowability of the transported medium or prevent the necessary temperature level from being maintained for subsequent applications. Furthermore, with conventional pipes insulated with vacuum insulation panels, the panels can be damaged, particularly during coiling or laying, resulting in inadequate or insufficient thermal insulation. Consequently, requirements for safety, reliability, and robustness cannot be optimally met.

[0005] The invention is based on the objective of structurally and / or functionally improving a conduit mentioned above.

[0006] The problem is solved with a conduit having the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments and / or further developments are the subject of the dependent claims.

[0007] The conduit is a thermally insulated conduit. It can be flexible or rigid. The conduit can contain at least one intermediate pipe. It can also contain, for example, two, three, four, or more intermediate pipes. The intermediate pipe is made of a thermoplastic material.

[0008] The conduit and / or its inner pipe can be used and / or designed to transport various media, such as liquid or gaseous media like water or gas. For example, an inner pipe of the inner pipe can be used and / or designed to transport various media, such as liquid or gaseous media like water or gas. The conduit can be used and / or designed for use in water or gas networks or water or gas pipelines. The conduit can be used and / or designed for use in district heating networks or district heating pipelines. The conduit can be used and / or designed for use in geothermal networks or geothermal pipelines. The conduit can, for example, be designed to transport media such as heating water or cooling water for water and / or heating supply systems.The pipe can be designed as a district heating pipe or a geothermal pipe. The pipe can also be used for drinking water or wastewater pipes.

[0009] The main pipe and / or its inner pipe can be flexible, coilable, and / or non-metallic. The main pipe and / or its inner pipe can be a composite pipe. The composite pipe can be a thermoplastic composite pipe. The main pipe and / or its inner pipe can be designed to be bendable. The main pipe and / or its inner pipe can be designed to be coiled and / or wound onto drums. The main pipe and / or its inner pipe can be adaptable to terrain conditions. The main pipe and / or composite pipe can be a rigid composite pipe.

[0010] Unless otherwise specified or evident from the context, the terms "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" refer to a direction of extension of the longitudinal axis and / or axis of symmetry of the conduit and / or medium pipe. The conduit and / or its medium pipe may be concentric with the longitudinal axis and / or axis of symmetry. In this case, "axial" corresponds to a direction of extension of the longitudinal axis and / or axis of symmetry. "Radial" is then a direction perpendicular to and intersecting the longitudinal axis and / or axis of symmetry. "Circular" then corresponds to a circular arc direction around the longitudinal axis and / or axis of symmetry.

[0011] The main pipe and / or its inner pipe can be a reinforced plastic pipe, such as a fiber-reinforced thermoplastic pipe. The main pipe and / or its inner pipe can be a multi-layer pipe. The inner pipe can be a composite pipe, such as a thermoplastic pipe. The inner pipe can have an inner pipe, for example, made of a plastic such as a thermoplastic. The plastic can be, for example, polyolefin, polyethylene, high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene, or polyamide. The plastic can be an uncrosslinked polyolefin. The uncrosslinked polyolefin can be selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, for example, PE-RT (high-temperature polyethylene), polypropylene, for example, PPR, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), and mixtures thereof. The plastic can be a crosslinked polyolefin, for example, crosslinked polyethylene (PEX).Cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) can be made from high-density polyethylene (HDPE). PEX can have cross-linked bonds in its polymer structure, transforming the thermoplastic into a thermoset. Cross-linking can occur during or after extrusion. For example, the degree of cross-linking can range from 60% to 90%. The degree of cross-linking can be set according to ASTM standard F876 or ISO 15875. The inner tube can be a PEX tube. The medium tube can have a reinforcing layer surrounding the inner tube. The medium tube can also have a protective sheath surrounding the reinforcing layer.

[0012] The reinforcing layer of the inner tube can have at least one layer of reinforcing fibers. The layer of reinforcing fibers can be substantially wound and / or woven, as in woven-on, and / or braided, as in braided-on, around the inner tube. For example, fibers or fiber strands can be wound and / or woven and / or braided onto the inner tube. The fibers or fiber strands can be glass fibers and / or plastic fibers and / or carbon fibers and / or aramid fibers. The reinforcing layer and / or the fibers or fiber strands can completely or partially cover the surface or outer surface of the inner tube. The reinforcing layer and / or the fibers or fiber strands can cover 10 to 50%, for example, 10 to 20%, of the surface or outer surface of the inner tube.The reinforcing layer can be firmly connected to the inner tube of the medium tube, for example by gluing, welding or fusing.

[0013] The protective sheath of the medium pipe can be an outer casing. It can be a pipe, such as a plastic pipe, or a film, such as a plastic film. The protective sheath can also be a foil tube, such as a plastic film tube. The protective sheath can be made of a plastic material, such as thermoplastic. This material can be, for example, polyolefin, polyethylene, high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene, or polyamide. The material of the protective sheath can be the same as that of the inner pipe. The protective sheath can be permanently bonded to the reinforcement layer of the medium pipe, for example, by gluing, welding, or fusing.

[0014] The conduit includes at least one layer of thermal insulation. This first layer of thermal insulation is arranged around the medium pipe. The conduit has at least one second layer of thermal insulation. This second layer of thermal insulation is vacuum insulation. This second layer of thermal insulation, or vacuum insulation, is arranged around the first layer of thermal insulation. The conduit includes a sheathing. The sheathing is arranged around the second layer of thermal insulation, or vacuum insulation.

[0015] The conduit can include at least one additional layer of thermal insulation. This additional layer can be located between the second layer of thermal insulation (or vacuum insulation) and the outer casing. Alternatively, the additional layer of thermal insulation can be arranged around the second layer of thermal insulation (or vacuum insulation). The outer casing of the conduit can also be arranged around the additional layer of thermal insulation.

[0016] The at least one secondary layer of thermal insulation, or vacuum thermal insulation, can serve for thermal insulation and / or soundproofing, in particular of a medium present in the medium pipe or in the inner pipe of the medium pipe. The at least one secondary layer of thermal insulation, or vacuum thermal insulation, can be a flexible vacuum insulation panel and / or a flexible vacuum insulation panel. Vacuum insulation panels and vacuum insulation panels can also be referred to as VIPs. The at least one vacuum thermal insulation layer can comprise at least one flexible panel, for example, a vacuum insulation panel. The at least one vacuum thermal insulation layer, or the at least one panel, can have a casing, such as an outer casing. The at least one vacuum thermal insulation layer, or...The at least one plate or panel may contain a filler. The filler may be an insulating material. The filler may be an inert filler. The filler may be in powder form. For example, the filler may be or comprise an inorganic oxide and / or silicon dioxide and / or silica. The silica may be pyrogenic silica. The filler may be enclosed and / or encapsulated within the casing. The casing may be impermeable to gases. The at least one vacuum insulation or casing may be substantially evacuated. The at least one vacuum insulation may comprise several flexible plates and / or several flexible panels. The several plates and / or several panels may be interconnected, for example, in a mesh-like manner, such that they can be wrapped around a pipe.The multiple boards and / or panels can be glued, sewn, and / or laminated together. The vacuum insulation, at least, can be a network of multiple interconnected boards and / or panels.

[0017] The first and / or third layers of thermal insulation can serve for thermal insulation, particularly of a medium present in the medium pipe or its inner pipe. The first and / or third layers of thermal insulation can be designed as flexible layers. The first and / or third layers of thermal insulation comprise a foam. The third layer of thermal insulation can comprise a foam. The first and / or third layers of thermal insulation can be made of foam. The first and / or third layers of thermal insulation can be a foamed layer. The foam can be open-cell or closed-cell.The foam can be a thermally insulating foam and / or be made of a thermally insulating material. The at least one primary and / or secondary thermal insulation layer, or the foam itself, can comprise a plastic foam, such as a foamed plastic foam, and / or be made of such a material. The plastic foam can be based on polyurethane (PUR), polyethylene (PE), cross-linked polyethylene (PEX), polypropylene (PP), polyisocyanurate (PIR), thermoplastic polyester, thermoplastic polyolefin, or aerogel. The plastic foam can be, for example, polyurethane foam (PUR), such as rigid polyurethane foam, or polyisocyanurate foam, such as rigid polyisocyanurate foam (PIR), or, for example, cross-linked or non-cross-linked polyethylene foam. The plastic foam can be, for example, PUR foam, PEX foam, or PE foam.The foam or plastic foam can be a flexible foam. The at least first layer of thermal insulation and / or the at least third layer of thermal insulation, or the foam / plastic foam itself, can have a density of approximately 40 to 80 kg / m³ and / or a compressive strength of 0.1 to 0.5 MPa.

[0018] The first and / or third layer of thermal insulation can be designed as single- or multi-layer insulation. The first and / or third layer of thermal insulation can have one or more layers, for example, two, three, four, or more, such as thermal insulation layers. Each layer can be made of a thermally insulating material, such as foam and / or plastic foam. The foam or plastic foam can be designed and / or manufactured as described above and / or below. The layers can be designed differently, for example, using different types of foam or plastic foam. The layers can be separated from each other by an intermediate layer, such as a foil.The intermediate layer and / or film can be a film tube, such as a plastic film tube. The intermediate layer and / or film can be made of, for example, thermoplastic plastic. The plastic can be, for example, polyolefin, polyethylene, high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene, or polyamide. The intermediate layer and / or film can be extruded. The intermediate layer and / or film can be produced using an extrusion process. For example, the intermediate layer and / or film can be produced or extruded using an extruder and / or a die head.

[0019] The sheathing of the conduit can be arranged radially on the outside of the conduit. The sheathing can be an outer casing. It can be an outer tube, for example, a flexible and / or bendable outer tube, or a film, for example, a flexible film hose. The sheathing can be made of a plastic, for example, thermoplastic, and can be extruded. The plastic can be polyolefin, polyethylene, high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene, or polyamide. The sheathing can be a plastic film, for example, a plastic film hose. The plastic of the sheathing can be the same as the plastic of the inner tube of the medium pipe. The sheathing of the conduit can have a wall thickness of approximately 1.0 to 5.0 mm, for example, approximately 2 mm.For example, the casing can be manufactured or extruded using an extruder and / or a pipe head.

[0020] The first layer of thermal insulation can be sprayed, applied, or poured onto the medium pipe. The first layer of thermal insulation can be permanently bonded to the medium pipe. The first layer of thermal insulation can be fully and / or completely bonded to the medium pipe, for example, by gluing, welding, or fusing. The first layer of thermal insulation can be permanently bonded to the protective jacket of the medium pipe. The first layer of thermal insulation can be permanently bonded to the outer surface of the medium pipe and / or its protective jacket. The first layer of thermal insulation can be permanently bonded to a radially outer surface, such as the outer surface, of the medium pipe and / or its protective jacket. The bond can be, for example, material-bonded, such as by gluing, welding, or fusing, and / or force-fit.Such a connection can also be described as a "solid bond" and / or "bonded". The bond may be caused by the thermal insulation itself. The thermal insulation may exhibit adhesive properties.

[0021] The at least one secondary thermal insulation layer or vacuum insulation layer can be applied to the at least one primary thermal insulation layer, for example, wound or coiled. The at least one primary thermal insulation layer can be permanently connected to the at least one secondary thermal insulation layer or vacuum insulation layer of the conduit. The at least one primary thermal insulation layer can be permanently connected to the outer casing of the at least one vacuum insulation layer. The at least one primary thermal insulation layer can be permanently connected to the inner surface of the at least one vacuum insulation layer and / or its outer casing. The at least one primary thermal insulation layer can be permanently connected to a radially inner surface, such as an inner surface or outer surface, of the at least one vacuum insulation layer and / or its outer casing.The at least one vacuum insulation layer can be or become firmly connected to the at least one first insulation layer, for example, to the outer surface of the at least one first insulation layer, particularly radially. The at least one second insulation layer or vacuum insulation layer can be or become fully and / or completely connected to the at least one first insulation layer, such as by gluing, welding, or fusing. The connection can be, for example, material-bonded, such as by gluing, welding, or fusing, and / or force-fit. Such a connection can also be referred to as a "solid bond" and / or "bonded." The connection can be caused by the at least one first insulation layer itself. The at least one first insulation layer can have adhesive properties.

[0022] The at least one secondary layer of thermal insulation, or vacuum insulation, can be permanently bonded to the pipe's outer casing. The at least one secondary layer of thermal insulation, or vacuum insulation, can be fully and / or completely bonded to the pipe's outer casing, for example, by gluing, welding, or fusing. The at least one vacuum insulation layer can be permanently bonded to the inner surface of the outer casing. The at least one vacuum insulation layer can be permanently bonded to a radially inner surface, such as the inner or outer surface, of the pipe's outer casing. The bond can be, for example, material-bonded, such as by gluing, welding, or fusing, and / or force-fit. Such a bond can also be referred to as a "solid connection" and / or "bonded." The bond can be caused by the pipe's outer casing itself.The sheathing of the conduit pipe may have adhesive properties.

[0023] The at least one third layer of thermal insulation can be sprayed, applied, or poured onto the at least one second layer of thermal insulation or vacuum insulation. The at least one second layer of thermal insulation or vacuum insulation can be permanently bonded to the at least one third layer of thermal insulation. The at least one second layer of thermal insulation or vacuum insulation can be completely and / or fully bonded to the at least one third layer of thermal insulation, such as by gluing, welding, or fusing. The outer layer of the at least one vacuum insulation can be permanently bonded to the at least one third layer of thermal insulation. The at least one vacuum insulation or its outer layer can be permanently bonded to the inner surface of the at least one third layer of thermal insulation. The at least one vacuum insulation or...Its envelope can be firmly connected to a radially inner surface, such as an inner or outer surface, to at least one third layer of thermal insulation. The connection can be, for example, material-bonded, such as glued, welded, or fused, and / or force-fit. Such a connection can also be referred to as a "solid bond" and / or "bonded." The connection can be caused by the at least one third layer of thermal insulation itself. The at least one third layer of thermal insulation can have adhesive properties.

[0024] The at least one third layer of thermal insulation can be or become permanently bonded to the pipe's outer casing. The at least one third layer of thermal insulation can be or become fully and / or completely bonded to the pipe's outer casing, for example, by gluing, welding, or fusing. The at least one third layer of thermal insulation can be or become permanently bonded to the inner surface of the outer casing. The at least one third layer of thermal insulation can be or become permanently bonded to a radially inner surface, such as the inner surface or outer surface, of the pipe's outer casing. The connection can be, for example, material-bonded, such as by gluing, welding, or fusing, and / or force-fit. Such a connection can also be referred to as a "solid bond" and / or "bonded." The connection can be caused by the pipe's outer casing and / or by the at least one third layer of thermal insulation itself.The sheathing of the conduit pipe and / or at least one third layer of thermal insulation may have adhesive properties.

[0025] The conduit can be designed as a composite pipe. The conduit can be firmly connected from the medium pipe through all layers of thermal insulation to the sheathing, for example, completely and / or across its entire surface, such as by gluing, welding, or fusing. The layers of thermal insulation can comprise at least one primary layer, at least one secondary layer or vacuum insulation, and / or at least one tertiary layer. The conduit can be fully and / or across its entire surface, such as by gluing, welding, or fusing, between all layers of the main pipe and / or between the medium pipe, the at least primary layer of thermal insulation, the at least secondary layer or vacuum insulation, the at least tertiary layer, and the sheathing, and / or exhibit this connection.The conduit can be fully and / or completely bonded, for example by gluing, welding, or fusing, between the medium pipe, the at least one layer of thermal insulation, the at least one layer of thermal insulation or vacuum insulation, and the casing. Such a connection or bond can also be referred to as a "solid bond" and / or "bonded".

[0026] Therefore, fastening the at least one second layer of thermal insulation or vacuum thermal insulation and / or the at least one first and / or third layer of thermal insulation using tape or foil cannot be provided or necessary.

[0027] The first layer of thermal insulation can have a certain thickness, particularly in the radial direction. The third layer of thermal insulation can also have a certain thickness, particularly in the radial direction. In the radial direction, the thickness of the first layer of thermal insulation can be less than the thickness of the third layer of thermal insulation. The thickness of the first layer of thermal insulation can be between 5% and 50%, for example, between 5% and 20%, of the thickness of the third layer of thermal insulation.

[0028] The conduit can have at least one diffusion barrier. The diffusion barrier can be a layer, such as a diffusion barrier layer, and / or a film, such as a diffusion barrier film. The diffusion barrier can be made of aluminum. For example, the layer and / or film can be an aluminum sheet or aluminum foil. Additionally or alternatively, the diffusion barrier can be made of ethylene-vinyl alcohol (EVOH) or have a layer of EVOH. The diffusion barrier can be located between the conduit and the first layer of thermal insulation. The diffusion barrier can be applied to the medium pipe, for example extruded, as in extruded, or wound, as in wound.Additionally or alternatively, a diffusion barrier can be arranged between at least one primary thermal insulation layer and at least one secondary thermal insulation layer or vacuum insulation layer. The diffusion barrier can be applied to the primary thermal insulation layer, for example, by extrusion or by winding.

[0029] In summary, and in other words, the invention provides, among other things, a system such as a conduit pipe that can be in complete and / or full-surface bonding, such as bonding, between medium pipe-VIP thermal insulation-sheathing or between medium pipe-thermal insulation-VIP thermal insulation-sheathing.

[0030] The invention reduces heat loss. Optimal or sufficient thermal insulation can be ensured. Requirements for safety, reliability, and / or robustness can be optimally met.

[0031] Exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in more detail below with reference to the figures, which show schematically and by way of example: Fig. 1 shows a variant of a conduit; and Fig. 2 shows another variant of a conduit.

[0032] Fig. 1 Figure 1 shows a thermally insulated conduit 100. The conduit 100 is designed, for example, as a district heating pipe. The conduit 100 comprises an inner medium pipe 102 made of thermoplastic material, a first thermal insulation layer 104, a second thermal insulation layer 106 designed as vacuum thermal insulation, and a sheathing 108.

[0033] The first thermal insulation 104 is arranged around the medium pipe 102 and firmly connected to the medium pipe 102 over its entire surface, in particular by bonding. The vacuum thermal insulation 106 is arranged around the first thermal insulation 104 and firmly connected to the first thermal insulation 104 over its entire surface, in particular by bonding. The sheathing 108 is arranged around the vacuum thermal insulation 106 and firmly connected to the vacuum thermal insulation 106 over its entire surface, in particular by bonding. The conduit pipe 100 is thus designed as a composite pipe and is completely and fully connected across all layers.

[0034] The medium tube 102 comprises an inner tube made of thermoplastic material, a reinforcing layer arranged around the inner tube, and a protective sheath arranged around the reinforcing layer. The first thermal insulation 104 is made of a foam, in particular an open-cell or closed-cell foam. The foam can, for example, be a foamed plastic foam made from polyurethane, polyethylene, cross-linked polyethylene, polypropylene, polyisocyanurate, thermoplastic polyester, or thermoplastic polyolefin.

[0035] The vacuum thermal insulation 106 is a flexible vacuum insulation panel and / or a flexible vacuum insulation panel, which comprises flexible panels, such as vacuum insulation panels, and / or flexible panels, such as vacuum insulation panels. The panels or panels have a casing, in particular an outer casing, in which a filler, in particular an insulating material, is enclosed. The casings are essentially evacuated. The flexible panels or panels are connected to each other, in particular in a mesh-like manner, and wrapped around the first thermal insulation 104.

[0036] The sheathing 108 of the conduit 100 is an outer pipe, in particular a flexible outer pipe or flexible hose, which is applied to the vacuum thermal insulation 106, as if extruded onto it.

[0037] Fig. 2 Figure 1 shows another variant of a conduit 200. The conduit 200 comprises an inner medium pipe 202 made of thermoplastic material, a first thermal insulation layer 204, a second thermal insulation layer 206 designed as vacuum thermal insulation, a third thermal insulation layer 208, and a sheathing 210. The conduit 200 essentially corresponds to the conduit 100 according to Figure 1. Fig. 1 , however, it has a third thermal insulation 208, which is arranged between the vacuum thermal insulation 206 and the casing 210 and around the vacuum thermal insulation 206.

[0038] In the present embodiment according to Fig. 2 The vacuum insulation 206 is fully and firmly connected, in particular bonded, to the third thermal insulation 208. The third thermal insulation 208 is fully and firmly connected, in particular bonded, to the sheathing 210 of the conduit 200. The conduit 200 is also designed as a composite pipe, with all layers from the medium pipe 202 through the thermal insulations 204, 206, 208 to the sheathing 210 being fully and completely connected, as if bonded.

[0039] The first thermal insulation layer 204 and the third thermal insulation layer 208 can be essentially identical in design and manufacture. However, in the radial direction, the thickness of the first thermal insulation layer 204 can be less than the thickness of the third thermal insulation layer 208.

[0040] Furthermore, particular attention is drawn to... Fig. 1 and the corresponding description is referenced.

[0041] The term "may" refers in particular to optional features of the invention. Accordingly, there are also further developments and / or embodiments of the invention that additionally include the respective feature(s). Reference sign

[0042] 100 Pipe 102 Medium pipe 104 First thermal insulation 106 Second thermal insulation / Vacuum thermal insulation 108 Sheathing 200 Pipe 202 Medium pipe 204 First thermal insulation 206 Second thermal insulation / Vacuum thermal insulation 208 Third thermal insulation 210 Sheathing

Claims

1. Thermally insulated pipe (100, 200) comprising - at least one medium pipe (102, 202) comprising a thermoplastic material; - at least one first thermal insulation (104, 204) arranged around the at least one medium pipe (102, 202); - at least one second thermal insulation (106, 206) arranged around the at least one first thermal insulation (104, 204), wherein the at least one second thermal insulation is designed as vacuum thermal insulation (106, 206); and - a sheath (108, 210) arranged around the at least one vacuum thermal insulation (106, 206), wherein the at least one first thermal insulation (104, 204) is completely and fully connected to the medium pipe (102, 202) and / or to the vacuum thermal insulation (106, 206) of the pipe (100, 200), wherein the at least one first thermal insulation (104, 204) comprises a foam material.

2. Pipe (100, 200) according to claim 1, characterised in that the pipe (100, 200) has at least one third thermal insulation (208) which is arranged between the at least one vacuum thermal insulation (106, 206) and the sheath (108, 210) and is arranged around the at least one vacuum thermal insulation (106, 206).

3. Pipe (100, 200) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the vacuum thermal insulation (106, 206) is a flexible vacuum insulation board and / or a flexible vacuum insulation panel.

4. Pipe (100, 200) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the vacuum thermal insulation (106, 206) has at least one flexible plate, such as a vacuum insulation plate, and / or at least one flexible panel, such as a vacuum insulation panel, wherein the at least one plate or the at least one panel has a shell, in particular an outer shell, in which a filler, in particular an insulating material, is enclosed, wherein the shell is substantially evacuated.

5. Pipe (100, 200) according to claim 4, characterised in that the vacuum thermal insulation (106, 206) comprises several flexible plates and / or several flexible panels which are connected to each other, in particular in a network-like manner.

6. Pipe (100, 200) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the at least one first thermal insulation (104, 204) is made of foam, in particular open-cell or closed-cell foam, and / or that the at least one third thermal insulation (208) comprises foam, in particular open-cell or closed-cell foam, and / or is made thereof.

7. Pipe (100, 200) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the at least one first thermal insulation (104, 204) and / or the at least one third thermal insulation (208) comprises and / or is made of a foamed plastic foam, in particular based on polyurethane, polyethylene, cross-linked polyethylene, polypropylene, polyisocyanurate, thermoplastic polyester or thermoplastic polyolefin.

8. Pipe (100, 200) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the at least one medium pipe (102, 202) has an inner pipe made of thermoplastic material, a reinforcement layer arranged around the inner pipe and a protective jacket arranged around the reinforcement layer.

9. Pipe (100, 200) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the sheath (108, 210) of the pipe (100, 200) is an outer pipe, in particular a flexible outer pipe, or a film, in particular a flexible film tube.

10. Pipe (100, 200) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the at least one first thermal insulation (104, 204) is bonded, such as glued, welded or fused, to the medium pipe (102, 202) and / or to the vacuum thermal insulation (106, 206) of the pipe (100, 200).

11. Pipe (100, 200) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the vacuum thermal insulation (106, 206) is firmly connected, in particular completely and / or over the entire surface, to the at least one first thermal insulation (104, 204), in particular in a material-locking manner, such as glued, welded or fused, and / or in a force-locking manner.

12. Pipe (100, 200) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the vacuum thermal insulation (106, 206) is firmly connected, in particular by a material bond, such as glued, welded or fused, and / or by a force-fit connection, to the sheath (108, 210) of the pipe (100, 200) or to the at least one third thermal insulation (208), in particular completely and / or over the entire surface.

13. Pipe (100, 200) according to at least one of the preceding claims 2 to 12, characterised in that the at least one third thermal insulation (208) is firmly connected to the sheath (108, 210) of the pipe (100, 200), in particular completely and / or over the entire surface, in particular by a material bond, such as gluing, welding or fusion, and / or by a force-fit connection.

14. Pipe (100, 200) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the pipe (100, 200) is designed as a composite pipe and / or in that the pipe (100, 200) is firmly connected from the medium pipe (102, 202) via all layers of the thermal insulation (104, 106, 204, 206, 208), comprising at least one first thermal insulation (104, 204), the vacuum thermal insulation (106, 206), and, if applicable, at least one third thermal insulation (208), to the sheath (108, 210), in particular completely and / or over the entire surface, such as by gluing, welding or fusion.

15. Pipe (100, 200) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that, in the radial direction, the thickness of the at least one first thermal insulation (104, 204) is smaller than the thickness of the at least one third thermal insulation (208).