SLIDING DOOR WITH AT LEAST ONE LIFT / SLIDING LETTER AND METHOD FOR LIFTING, LOWERING AND / OR SIDE GUIDING A LIFT / SLIDING LETTER

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a sliding door with at least one lift-and-slide sash, which is arranged to be vertically height-adjustable and horizontally movable relative to a frame. At least one magnetic arrangement with at least one magnet is arranged in the frame and in the at least one lift-and-slide sash, the magnetic force of which counteracts the weight of the lift-and-slide sash. The at least one magnetic arrangement comprises at least one electromagnet, and a ferromagnetic element is associated with the magnetic arrangement. This element is attracted when the at least one lift-and-slide sash is lifted. The at least one electromagnet is arranged on a yoke that is U-shaped and whose end faces face the ferromagnetic element. The invention further relates to a method for lifting, lowering, and / or laterally guiding a lift-and-slide sash of a sliding door.

[0002] Sliding doors with one or more lift-and-slide panels are known, which can be raised or lowered manually. In the raised position, they are usually mounted on rollers so that they can be moved horizontally. In the lowered position, the rollers are generally retracted, so that the lift-and-slide panel(s) rest on the surface and are already secured against further movement by sliding friction. Additional locking elements, such as interlocking mechanisms, may also be provided.

[0003] In general, this type of roller guide has proven effective. However, particularly as the running surfaces and / or rollers become increasingly dirty over time, a disturbing noise can develop. Furthermore, dirt makes movement more difficult due to increased friction.

[0004] For example, German patent application DE 1 584 021 A discloses a sliding door that overcomes these disadvantages by bringing the door into a state of suspension through the repulsive force of permanent magnets. Lateral guidance is provided only by rollers and / or sliding elements. Permanent magnets are arranged in both the frame and the lift-and-slide sash and are oriented so that they repel each other. Since the magnetic force is strongly dependent on distance, an equilibrium is reached in the repulsive arrangement at a distance between the oppositely polarized magnets at which the distance-dependent magnetic force exactly matches the force of gravity on the sash.

[0005] A disadvantage of this method, however, is that the door remains permanently in the raised position, meaning that lateral movement is not prevented or hindered by gravity and static or kinetic friction. Another disadvantage is that the magnetic force of permanent magnets diminishes over time, which can lead to the door catching when sliding, causing it to drag and eventually become unusable. To counteract this, magnets can be used whose initial magnetic force far exceeds the force required to lift the door leaf, but this incurs additional costs.

[0006] Document US 2015 / 0345198 A1 also shows a sliding door that is lifted by magnetic forces. Attractive or repulsive magnetic forces from permanent magnets or electromagnets can be used.

[0007] From the publication JP H02 167979 A, ​​a sliding door is known which has an upper sash frame element with two electromagnets arranged on a yoke that is U-shaped and whose end faces are directed towards a ferromagnetic guide rail. The guide rail is mounted on the ceiling side, so that when the electromagnets are energized, the yoke and thus the sash is lifted.

[0008] It is an object of the present invention to provide a sliding door of the type mentioned above in which the lift / slide leaf can be selectively lowered and brought into or held in a suspended state as energy-efficiently and with the aid of a space-saving magnetic arrangement. It is a further object to provide a method for raising, lowering, and / or laterally guiding a lift / slide leaf of such a sliding door.

[0009] This task is solved by a sliding door or a method with the respective features of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments and further developments are the subject of the dependent claims.

[0010] In the sliding door, at least one electromagnet is mounted on a U-shaped yoke, with its end faces oriented towards the ferromagnetic element. The yoke ensures that the magnetic field lines are guided as continuously as possible, effectively achieving a high magnetic force. The yoke also allows for a space-saving arrangement of the at least one electromagnet.

[0011] Instead of the repulsive magnetic force of permanent magnets, an electromagnet's attractive magnetic force is used, for example, realized by a coil. The lifting / sliding sash is raised by this attractive magnetic force through the interaction of the electromagnet with at least one ferromagnetic element, which can also form a yoke. This at least one magnet arrangement can be located in the lower and / or upper area of ​​the sliding door.

[0012] When using only permanent magnets, repulsive magnetic force is used for lifting, as this creates a system that is stable with respect to the established distance. In other words, an equilibrium distance is automatically established because the magnetic force and gravity balance each other in opposite directions and of the same absolute magnitude. If, however, the distance between different magnetic poles decreases during lifting, a system that is not self-adjusting with respect to the distance is created, in which the attractive force increases as the pole distance decreases. However, because the magnetic forces in the sliding door according to the invention can be varied using the electromagnet, a desired distance can still be set, even if the system does not have a stable equilibrium distance.

[0013] According to the invention, the at least one magnetic arrangement of the sliding door additionally comprises at least one permanent magnet, which is arranged together with the at least one electromagnet in a magnetic circuit. The at least one permanent magnet is arranged together with the electromagnet on the yoke or integrated into the yoke. The permanent magnet supports the electromagnet with its magnetic force, which allows the electromagnet to be smaller and / or operated with lower currents. Different currents applied to the electromagnet also make it possible in this combined system to vary the overall magnetic force and thus to control the raising, lowering, or holding of the sliding / lifting sash in a controlled manner.The at least one electromagnet can be energized in such a way that its magnetic force supports that of the permanent magnet (especially when lifting the sliding / lifting sash), or in such a way that it counteracts the effect of the permanent magnet (e.g., when lowering the sliding / lifting sash). Furthermore, the electromagnet can advantageously compensate for, for example, a decrease in the permanent magnet's force due to age or temperature.

[0014] According to the invention, the yoke is mechanically connected to the lift / slide sash and positioned under a base plate in a lower guide rail of the frame, the base plate forming the ferromagnetic element. The at least one magnet arrangement is positioned in the lower guide rail in a space-saving manner and lifts the lift / slide sash at its underside. The base plate extends over at least one travel path of the lift / slide sash to form the counterpart for the combination of permanent magnet and electromagnet ferromagnetic element in every position of the lift / slide sash.

[0015] In an advantageous embodiment of the sliding door, the at least one magnetic arrangement includes at least one position sensor that measures the height position of the lift / slide sash relative to the frame. A control system is preferably provided that is configured to evaluate the measured values ​​of the at least one position sensor and to control the electromagnet so that a predetermined height position of the lift / slide sash is assumed or maintained.

[0016] In a further advantageous embodiment, the lower guide rail comprises a lower guide profile in which a chamber is formed in the longitudinal direction, in which the yoke with the at least one permanent magnet and the at least one electromagnet is received.

[0017] Viewed from the side, it is advantageous that at least one plunger is arranged centrally on the yoke, projecting through a slot in the base plate and attached to a lower frame profile of the at least one lifting / sliding sash. The mechanical connection between the magnet assembly and the lower frame profile is made via the plunger(s). Furthermore, a coil can be wound onto the yoke on each side of the at least one plunger to act as an electromagnet. To lift the lifting / sliding sash, both coils are energized essentially uniformly in a current direction that increases the permanent flux generated by the at least one permanent magnet. The magnet assembly then pulls itself upwards towards the base plate, and this movement is transferred to the lifting / sliding sash via a centrally arranged plunger, thus also lifting the sash.

[0018] An uneven current flow to the two coils generates an additional magnetic flux, which develops in one half of the yoke and is guided back through only a portion of the base plate and the piston. This asymmetry between the two coils results in a lateral deflection, which can be used to keep the piston as centrally as possible in the slot of the base plate. Lateral forces acting on the lifting / sliding wing, such as wind forces, can thus be compensated for. The lateral position can also be measured with a position sensor and adjusted to a desired value by a control system using a feedback loop.

[0019] In a further advantageous embodiment of the sliding door, at least one additional magnetic arrangement is provided, in which an armature comprises at least one permanent magnet and at least one electromagnet, the armature being arranged with an air gap between two ferromagnetic side plates. This additional magnetic arrangement does not serve to lift the sliding door panel, but rather to guide it laterally. The operating principle of this additional magnetic arrangement is similar to that of the lifting arrangement: A combination of a permanent magnet and an electromagnet is used to benefit from both the advantages of static permanent magnetism and the adjustable strength of electromagnetism. In the resting state of the sliding door panel, the armature is attracted to one of the ferromagnetic side plates, resulting in a stable resting position in which the armature rests firmly against this ferromagnetic side plate.A sliding movement of the lift / slide sash is at least made more difficult by the frictional engagement. When the electromagnet is energized, the armature leaves its rest position and can be moved into a central position between the two ferromagnetic side plates, in which the lift / slide sash can be moved with as little friction as possible after being lifted.

[0020] In one embodiment of the sliding door, the armature is mechanically coupled to the at least one lift / slide sash, and the ferromagnetic side plates are arranged in the frame. However, a reverse arrangement is also possible. Preferably, a coil is wound on the armature to act as the electromagnet. Similar to the base plate, the side plates also extend over at least the travel distance of the lift / slide sash.

[0021] The at least one further magnet arrangement can also include at least one position sensor that measures the lateral position of the lift / slide sash relative to the frame. A control unit can preferably be configured to evaluate the measured values ​​of the at least one position sensor and to control the coil so that a predetermined lateral position of the lift / slide sash is assumed or maintained.

[0022] In a further development of the sliding door, it can also be provided that the horizontal movement of the raised lift / slide sash is performed or assisted by a drive system. This allows for convenient operation of the sliding door and also integration into a home automation system. Preferably, at least one magnetic arrangement is designed as a linear drive for this purpose.

[0023] A method according to the invention serves to lift, lower and / or guide laterally a lifting / sliding sash of a sliding door, wherein at least one magnetic arrangement is provided which acts on the lifting / sliding sash via magnetic attraction and which has at least one electromagnet which is controlled via a control unit.

[0024] The process is characterized by the following steps: A height and / or lateral position of the lift / slide sash relative to the frame of the sliding door is determined using at least one position sensor, and at least one electromagnet is energized depending on the determined position. In a further development, the control system includes a control loop that regulates a predefined height and / or lateral position of the lift / slide sash relative to the frame. This results in the advantages previously described in connection with the sliding door.

[0025] It is noted that the method for a combined adjustment of the height and lateral position can be carried out using a magnetic arrangement, or for adjusting only the height position or only the lateral position using (each) separate magnetic arrangements. In particular, it is also possible to implement the method for adjusting the lateral position using a magnetic arrangement on a lift-and-slide sash that can be raised by means of an independent lifting system. The lifting system can also be non-magnetic, for example, if the lift-and-slide sash is mounted on rollers during lifting.

[0026] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments and the accompanying figures. The figures show: Fig. 1, an overall view of a sliding door with magnetic arrangements; Fig. 2a, a schematic sectional view of a magnetic arrangement for lifting and a lift / slide leaf of a sliding door; Fig. 3a, a schematic sectional view of the magnetic arrangement of the Fig. 2a, b in two operating states with magnetic fluxes shown; Fig. 4 a cross-sectional view of a lower part of the sliding door of the Fig. 1 ; Fig. 5 a spatial representation of a lower frame profile with inserted magnetic arrangement of the sliding door of the Fig. 1 Fig. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of an upper part of the sliding door. Fig. 1 ; and Fig. 7a, a schematic sectional view of another magnetic arrangement of a sliding door in two operating states with magnetic fluxes shown.

[0027] In all the figures described in more detail below, identical reference symbols denote identical or similarly functioning elements. Directional indications such as "right" and "left" refer to the representation chosen in the respective figure. Only the indications "top" and "bottom" also refer to the usual installation state of the depicted elements, which generally corresponds to the representation in the figures.

[0028] Fig. 1 First, an overall view of a sliding door 1 according to the invention is shown, looking at its inside.

[0029] The sliding door 1 has a frame 10 in which a fixed leaf 2 with a surface element 20 is fixedly arranged in a fixed frame 21. Furthermore, a lift-and-slide leaf 3 with a surface element 30 and a sliding frame 31 is slidably inserted into the frame 10. The arrangement of a fixed leaf 2 and a lift-and-slide leaf 3 in the illustrated sliding door 1 is exemplary. The invention also includes sliding doors 1 with more than one of these leaves.

[0030] The frame 10 has a lower guide rail 11, which will hereinafter also be referred to simply as the "bottom rail 11". This bottom rail 11 is located in the Fig. 1 Partially cut away to reveal otherwise concealed elements, in particular magnetic arrangements 12, which serve to lift the sliding / lifting sash 3 by means of magnetic force. The sliding door 1 shown uses two such magnetic arrangements 12, although a larger number of magnetic arrangements 12 can be used for larger sliding / lifting sashes 3.

[0031] In the Fig. 2a, b and 3a, b The structure and function of the magnetic arrangement 12 are initially shown schematically. The figures each show a cross-section through the bottom track 11 and the magnetic arrangement 12, as well as a lower part of the lift-and-slide sash 3. Only a base plate 13 of the bottom track 11 is shown, which, in the sliding door 1 according to the invention, is ferromagnetic, i.e., either made of a ferromagnetic material or containing a core of a ferromagnetic material. The base plate 13 is formed in two parts in the illustrated area and extends to both sides of the lift-and-slide sash 3, with a slot 131 left between the two parts, which is located essentially centrally under the lift-and-slide sash 3. The lift-and-slide sash 3 has a lower frame profile 32, which is only very schematically indicated in the figures by a rectangular profile.A bottom seal 321 is arranged on both sides of the slot 131 on the lower frame profile 32.

[0032] In the Fig. 2a The lift-and-slide sash 3 is shown in a lowered position, as can be seen from the small distance between the lower frame profile 32 and the base plate 13 and the correspondingly fitted base seals 321. To enable the lift-and-slide sash 3 to move horizontally, it is raised by the magnetic arrangement 12, which in Fig. 2b is shown. In this position, it can be moved horizontally with as little friction as possible.

[0033] The magnetic arrangement 12 has a U-shaped (magnetic) yoke 121, hereinafter also referred to as "u-yoke 121". The u-yoke 121 is open at the top, with permanent magnets 122 arranged on the free ends of the legs. The polarity of the permanent magnets 122 is such that a magnetic flux is formed in the u-yoke 121, which passes through the base plate 13 via the slot 131. The base plate 13 is a ferromagnetic element and also constitutes a magnetic yoke, which together with the u-yoke 121 forms a magnetic circuit. The permanent magnets 122 do not necessarily have to be arranged on the end faces of the u-yoke 121, as shown in these figures, but can also be positioned elsewhere within the u-yoke 121.

[0034] In addition to the permanent magnets 122, two coils 123 are present, forming an electromagnet with which the magnetization in the u-yoke 121 can be variably increased or decreased. Of the coils 123, the Fig. 2a-3b Four rectangular winding packages of coils 123 can be seen in each case. The two winding packages on the right and the two winding packages on the left each form one of the coils 123, which can preferably be controlled independently of one another. The wire of each of the coils 123 thus runs, for example, into the plane of the figures in the upper winding package and emerges from the plane in the lower winding package.

[0035] To operate the lifting / sliding sash 3 as in Fig. 2b To raise the lifting / sliding wing, both coils 123, i.e., the one on the right as well as the one on the left, are essentially energized uniformly in a current direction that increases the permanent flux generated by the permanent magnets 122. The magnet arrangement 12 then pulls itself upwards towards the base plate 13, this movement being transferred via a centrally arranged piston 124 to the lifting / sliding wing 3, which is thereby also raised.

[0036] To prevent the u-yoke 121 from lifting until it strikes the underside of the base plate 13, the current flow through the coils 123 is regulated so that a desired distance and thus a levitation state is achieved, as described in Fig. 2b This is illustrated. Setting and controlling the desired distance can be achieved, for example, using position sensors, which is related to... Fig. 5 will be explained in more detail.

[0037] In the Fig. 3a und 3b The magnetic fluxes in the u-yoke 121 and the base plate 13 as well as the stamp 124 are shown schematically for two different operating situations.

[0038] Fig. 3a Figure 1 shows the lifting of the sliding / lifting wing 3 from a lowered position. In this case, the coils 123 are energized such that the magnetic flux Φ EL generated by them adds to the permanent magnetic flux Φ PM generated by the permanent magnets 122. Simultaneously, the left coil 123 is energized more strongly, resulting in an additional magnetic flux Φ SA, which forms in the left half of the U-shaped yoke 121 and is guided back through the left part of the base plate 13 and the piston 124. This asymmetry between the left and right coils 123 leads to a lateral deflection, which is used to keep the piston 124 as centrally as possible in the slot 131. Lateral forces acting on the sliding / lifting wing 3, such as wind forces, can thus be compensated for. Position sensors are also used for control in this case, which are also related to the Fig. 5 are shown.

[0039] When the lifting / sliding sash 3 is raised and the distance between the end faces of the U-yoke 121 and the base plate 13 decreases, the magnetic forces would increase significantly with decreasing air gap width due to the distance dependence of magnetic attraction forces, assuming a constant current through the coils 123. This would cause the end faces of the U-yoke 121 to be pressed against the base plate 13, or the lifting / sliding sash to strike another stop. To prevent this, the current through the coils 123 is reduced or, if necessary, its direction is reversed compared to the state shown. Fig. 3a Conversely, the total flux, which results from the sum of the electromagnetically induced magnetic flux Φ EL and the permanent magnet induced flux Φ PM, is adjusted so that a levitation state is maintained or the wing is lowered again.

[0040] When the wing is lowered, further current supply to the coil 123 is no longer necessary, since the magnetic force has already decreased so much due to the increased air gap between the end faces of the u-yoke 121 and the base plate 13 that the flux Φ PM caused by the permanent magnets is not sufficient to lift the lifting / sliding wing.

[0041] In this way, the combination of permanent magnets 122 and coils 123 creates a system that requires no electrical energy in the lowered state and only a small amount in the raised state, namely for distance correction. Electrical energy is essentially only used during a change of state, i.e., for raising or lowering the sliding / lifting sash. Furthermore, the variable magnetic flux Φ EL, generated by the coils 123, can be used for lateral position correction and can compensate for changes in the magnetic flux Φ PM, generated by the permanent magnets 122, due to aging and / or temperature.

[0042] In Fig. 4 is a cross-section through a lower part of the sliding door 1 according to Fig. 1 shown, in which the principle according to the Fig. 2 and 3is realized in a concrete implementation. Fig. 4 shows the bottom rail 11 with lower magnet arrangement 12 and the lower frame profile 32 with a section of the surface element 30 in cross-section.

[0043] Unlike in the schematic drawings of the Fig. 2a-3b In this specific implementation, a lower guide profile 14 is shown on the bottom track 11, which has two adjacent chambers 141, each of which can contain a magnetic arrangement 12. This offers the possibility of providing an additional lift / slide leaf 3 for the sliding door 1, which, offset from the lift / slide leaf 3 shown, could also be lifted and moved. Alternatively, the area of ​​the bottom track 11 on the right side of the figure can also be used for the [missing information - likely a specific component]. Figur 1 The fixed wing 2 shown should be mounted.

[0044] The magnet arrangement 12 is located in chamber 141, shown on the left in the figure; its structure is essentially the same as that described in the Figuren 2a-3b The design corresponds to the one shown. To adapt to the cross-section of chamber 141, only the return path of the wires of coil 123 in the two lower winding sections is not rectangular in cross-section, but trapezoidal. Insulating webs 142 are inserted in the lower guide profile 14 in a known manner to achieve thermal insulation from an inner to an outer side of the sliding door 1.

[0045] The lower frame profile 32 of the lift-and-slide sash 3 is constructed in a known double-shell manner, with an inner and an outer profile connected to each other via insulating webs 322. In the upper area, the surface element 30, for example a multi-glazed insulating glass unit, is inserted between the two parts of the lower frame profile 32 by means of a seal and supporting glass blocks. At the bottom of the lower frame profile 32, a support 323 is inserted, which concentrates the weight forces of the lift-and-slide sash 3 onto a central web that is connected to the plunger 124 of the magnetic assembly 12. The lifting force of the magnetic assembly 12 is transmitted to the lift-and-slide sash 3 via this force path.

[0046] Fig. 5 Figure 1 shows the base rail 11 open at its end in a three-dimensional view. The magnet assembly 12 is inserted into the base rail 11, but for clarity, it is not shown in its entirety. The horizontally extending part of the U-shaped yoke 121 and the punch 124 are shown. In this embodiment, the punch 124 is not continuous in the longitudinal direction but is formed as a plurality of columns with gaps between them. The side sections of the U-shaped yoke 121 with the attached permanent magnet 122 and the coils 123 are not shown. Furthermore, to provide insight into the internal structure, a central part of the base plate 13 is not shown.

[0047] One of the columns forming the punch 124 is wider in the longitudinal direction and provided with a bore into which a pin-shaped position sensor 125 is inserted. This position sensor 125 is a distance sensor that measures the distance to a side edge of the base plate 13. Using this position sensor 125, the lateral position of the magnet assembly 12 within the base rail 11 can be measured and adjusted in a control loop so that, despite disturbances such as wind load on the lifting / sliding sash 3, it moves in the base rail 11 in such a way that the punches 124 do not rub against the edge of the slot 131. Alternatively, the position sensor 125 can also be arranged to measure a distance to an inner wall of the guide profile 14. The lateral position of the magnet assembly 12 within the base rail 11 can also be determined from this measurement.

[0048] Another comparable position sensor 125 is inserted vertically into a bore in the U-shaped yoke 121. This position sensor 125 measures the distance between the magnet arrangement 12 and the underside of the base plate 13 in a similar manner. With this position sensor 125, the size of the air gap between the end faces of the U-shaped yoke 121 and the underside of the base plate 13 can be measured and adjusted. Alternatively, in this case as well, the position sensor 125 can be positioned so that a distance to a (then horizontally running) wall section of the lower guide profile 14 is measured.

[0049] To supply power to the coils 123, the position sensors 125, and, if applicable, integrated control electronics, sliding tracks or sliding contacts can be provided in the bottom rail 13 or the lower frame profile 32. Alternatively, it is conceivable to use rechargeable batteries as moving energy storage devices in the sliding frame 11, which supply the coils 123, the position sensors 125, and, if applicable, the control electronics, and which are charged via contacts or inductively in at least certain positions of the lifting / sliding sash 3.

[0050] In a further development of the sliding door 1, it can also be provided that the horizontal movement of the raised lift-and-slide sash 3 is performed or assisted by a drive system. The drive system can be designed to perform an opening or closing movement from any position of the lift-and-slide sash 3 to any desired position. The drive system can, for example, be arranged in the sliding frame 11 of the lift-and-slide sash 3. It can, for example, have a driven friction roller with which the lift-and-slide sash 3 moves along the frame 10. It is also possible to design one or each of the magnetic arrangements 12 used as a linear drive with which a horizontal movement can be carried out.Additional permanent and / or electromagnets can be arranged in the base rail 13 and / or at least one of the magnet arrangements 12, which together with a corresponding control system bring about the horizontal movement.

[0051] Alternatively, the drive system can be designed to perform only an initial opening movement by pushing open the lifting / sliding sash 3 from the closed position.

[0052] During the Figuren 1 bis 5 In contrast, the sliding door 1 shown has two further magnetic arrangements 16 in its upper part, which, however, do not serve to lift but rather to guide the sliding frame 31 laterally. The arrangement and function of these further magnetic arrangements 16 are described below. Figuren 6 and 7 explained.

[0053] Fig. 6 This is shown first in the same way as Fig. 4 a cross-section through an upper part of the sliding door 1 according to Fig. 1 more detailed.

[0054] The frame 10 has an upper guide rail 15 in its upper section, in which the further magnet arrangement 16 is arranged. This arrangement, as will be described in more detail below, serves to guide the lift-and-slide sash 3 laterally. The upper guide rail 15 is based on an upper guide profile 18, which is constructed analogously to the lower guide profile 14. It also comprises two adjacent sections with chambers 181, each for receiving a further magnet arrangement 16 or for attaching the Fig. 1 The fixed wing 2 shown. The two sections of the upper guide profile 18 are in turn connected for thermal insulation by means of insulating webs 182.

[0055] The lift-and-slide sash 3 has an upper frame profile 33 in its upper section, which is constructed analogously to the lower frame profile 32. It is again designed as a double-shell structure, with the inner and outer sides connected to each other via insulating webs 332. A support 131 is used for coupling to the further magnet arrangement 16, which is connected to the further magnet arrangement 16 via a central web.

[0056] For the structure and function of the further magnet arrangement, reference is made to the Fig. 7a und 7b referred.

[0057] The further magnet arrangement 16 has a transverse armature 161, which is arranged between two ferromagnetic side plates 17. The armature 161 is connected to the support 331 and thus to the lifting / sliding sash 3. The ferromagnetic side plates 17 are arranged in the upper guide profile 18 and are therefore fixed in position.

[0058] A permanent magnet 162 is mounted on an end face of the armature 161, which faces one of the ferromagnetic side plates 17 and provides a permanent magnetic moment. Furthermore, a coil 163 is mounted on the armature 161, which, when energized, generates an additional magnetic moment in the armature 161. Fig. 6 and 7aFigure 1 shows a state of the further magnet arrangement 16 in which the coil 163 is not energized. In this case, a magnetic flux Φ PM results in the armature 161, which is caused solely by the permanent magnet 162. The length of the armature 161 (including the attached permanent magnet 162) is shorter than the inner distance between the ferromagnetic side plates 17. Due to the magnetic flux Φ PM, the armature 161 is attracted to the left ferromagnetic side plate 17, whereas an air gap exists on the opposite side. The magnetic friction leads to a stable rest position in which the armature 161 is firmly in contact with the left ferromagnetic side plate 17. A sliding movement of the lifting / sliding wing 3 is also at least hindered due to the frictional engagement.

[0059] To enable the lifting / sliding wing 3 to move with as little friction as possible after being raised, the coil 163 is energized such that a magnetic flux Φ EL induced by it acts between the armature 161 and the ferromagnetic side plate 17 on the right side, the absolute magnitude of which corresponds exactly to the magnetic flux Φ PM induced by the permanent magnet 162. Accordingly, the armature 161 leaves its rest position as follows. Fig. 7a and assumes a central position between the two ferromagnetic side plates 17, essentially a lateral floating position. Similar to the position sensor 125 of the magnet arrangement 12, a position sensor (not shown) is also provided here, which detects a lateral position of the armature 161 between the ferromagnetic side plates 17 or relative to a wall of the upper guide profile 18, and whose measured values ​​are used in a control loop to control the coil 163 in order to adjust the position of the armature 161. Fig. 7b to maintain the lateral position shown, even if disturbances act on the lifting / sliding sash 3. Bezugszeichenliste

[0060] 1 Sliding door 10 Frame 11 Lower guide rail (floor rail) 12 Magnet arrangement 121 u-yoke 122 Permanent magnet 123 Coil 124 Stamp 13 Base plate 131 Slot 14 lower guide profile 141 chamber 125 position sensor 142 insulating bar 15 upper guide rail 16 further magnet arrangement 161 armature 162 permanent magnet 163 coil 17 ferromagnetic side plate 18 upper guide profile 181 chamber 182 insulating bridge 2 Fixed sashes 20 Surface element 21 Fixed frame 3 Lift / slide sash 30 Panel element 31 Sliding frame 32 lower frame profile 321 bottom seal 322 insulating strip 323 support 33 upper frame profile 331 beam 332 insulating web

Claims

1. Sliding door (1) having at least one lifting / sliding wing (3), which is arranged so that it can be adjusted vertically in height and moved horizontally relative to a frame (10), wherein at least one magnet arrangement (12) with at least one magnet is arranged in the frame (10) and in the at least one lifting / sliding wing (3), the magnetic force of which counteracts the weight of the lifting / sliding wing (3), wherein the at least one magnet arrangement (12) has at least one electromagnet, wherein the magnet arrangement (12) is assigned a ferromagnetic element, which is attracted when the at least one lifting / sliding wing (3) is lifted, and wherein the at least one electromagnet is arranged on a yoke (121) which is of U-shaped design and faces the ferromagnetic element with its end faces, characterized in that the at least one magnet arrangement (12) has at least one permanent magnet (122) which is arranged together with the at least one electromagnet in a magnetic circuit and which is arranged together with the at least one electromagnet on the yoke (121) or is integrated into the yoke, wherein the yoke (121) is mechanically connected to the lifting / sliding wing (3) and is positioned under a base plate (13) in a lower guide rail (11) of the frame (10), and wherein the base plate (13) forms the ferromagnetic element.

2. Sliding door (1) according to claim 1, in which the at least one magnet arrangement (12) is arranged in the lower region of the sliding door (1).

3. Sliding door (1) according to claim 1 or 2, in which the base plate (13) extends over at least one travel path of the lifting / sliding wing (3).

4. Sliding door (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, in which the lower guide rail (11) comprises a lower guide profile (14) in which a chamber (141) is formed in the longitudinal direction, in which the yoke (121) with the at least one permanent magnet (122) and the at least one electromagnet is accommodated.

5. Sliding door (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, in which, as viewed in the lateral direction, at least one plunger (124) is arranged centrally on the yoke (121), which plunger protrudes through a slot (131) in the base plate (11) and is attached to a lower frame profile (32) of the at least one lifting / sliding wing (3).

6. Sliding door (1) according to claim 5, in which a coil (123) is wound onto the yoke (121) as an electromagnet on both sides of the at least one plunger (124).

7. Sliding door (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, in which at least one further magnet arrangement (16) is provided, wherein an armature (161) has at least one permanent magnet (162) and at least one electromagnet, wherein the armature (161) is arranged with an air gap between two ferromagnetic side plates (17).

8. Sliding door (1) according to claim 7, in which the armature (161) is mechanically coupled to the at least one lifting / sliding wing (3) and the ferromagnetic side plates (17) are arranged in the frame (10).

9. Sliding door (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, in which the at least one magnet arrangement (12) and / or the at least one further magnet arrangement (16) has at least one position sensor (125) which measures a height and / or lateral position of the lifting / sliding wing (3) relative to the frame (10).

10. Sliding door (1) according to claim 9, further comprising a control system which is designed to evaluate measured values from the at least one position sensor (125) and to control the coils (123, 163) in such a way that a predetermined height and / or lateral position of the lifting / sliding wing (3) is assumed or maintained.

11. Sliding door (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, comprising a drive for horizontal movement of the at least one lifting / sliding wing (3).

12. Method for raising, lowering and / or laterally guiding a lifting / sliding wing (3) of a sliding door (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11, wherein at least one magnet arrangement (12, 16) is provided, which acts on the lifting / sliding wing (3) via magnetic attraction and which has at least one electromagnet that is controlled via a control system, characterized by the following steps of: - determining a height and / or lateral position of the lifting / sliding wing (3) relative to a frame of the sliding door (1) with the aid of at least one position sensor (125); - supplying power to the at least one electromagnet depending on the determined position.

13. Method according to claim 12, in which the control system comprises a control loop through which a predeterminable height and / or lateral position of the lifting / sliding wing (3) is adjusted.