Heating device and silencer

Abstract

A heating device (1) is proposed, comprising a housing (14) with a combustion chamber (2) in which a mixture of combustion air and a fuel can be combusted and supplied to an exhaust gas channel (3), wherein a supply (11) of combustion air and / or fuel to the combustion chamber (2) is arranged and shaped in such a way that waste heat from the combustion within the housing (14) can be transferred to the combustion air and / or fuel to be supplied.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a heater and a silencer for a heater.

[0002] Heaters are often used to combust a gas stream of fuel and ambient air and transfer it to a heat transfer medium via a heat exchanger. A disadvantage is that the heat exchanger, often located in the exhaust duct, cannot absorb all of the heat generated during the combustion process, which reduces the heater's energy efficiency. Furthermore, the waste heat can cause high temperatures in the heater's housing, which can damage heater components.

[0003] To solve these problems, EP 1 371 903 A2 proposes arranging a motor and other components of a heater in its fresh air supply, thus protecting it from the high temperatures in the heater housing. However, the disadvantage is that not all components of a heater can be arranged in the fresh air supply, and the proposed solution also fails to increase energy efficiency.

[0004] US 4,306,858 A describes a device for heating an industrial furnace that can be inserted into a furnace wall opening and thus supplies all the generated heat to the furnace to be heated. The device comprises a burner designed as a radiant heating tube, constructed from concentric tubes and having a fuel gas supply nozzle at its rear end. A combustion air supply nozzle and an exhaust gas discharge nozzle arranged concentrically thereto are arranged concentrically with the fuel gas supply nozzle, which are connected to respective tubes of the radiant heating tube. The combustion air supply nozzle can have heat transfer vanes for transferring heat from the exhaust gas flow in the exhaust gas discharge nozzle to the supplied air flow in the combustion air supply nozzle, which can also act as sound dampers. However, this device cannot reduce the thermal load on components of the heater.A heater having the features of the preamble of claim 1 is known from GB 1 589 007 A, while GB 405 239 A discloses a cylindrical silencer.

[0005] Based on this, the object of the invention is to propose a heater that at least partially overcomes the described problems of the prior art. In particular, the thermal load on the heater components within the housing is to be reduced and the heater's energy efficiency is to be increased.

[0006] In addition, the invention should at least not significantly increase the complexity of a heating device and require only minor structural changes to a heating device.

[0007] These objects are achieved by the features of the independent patent claims. Further advantageous embodiments of the solution proposed here are specified in the independent patent claims. It is pointed out that the features listed in the dependent patent claims can be combined with one another in any technologically expedient manner and define further embodiments of the invention. Furthermore, the features specified in the patent claims are further specified and explained in the description, with further preferred embodiments of the invention being presented.

[0008] A heater is proposed which has a housing in which a combustion chamber is arranged, in which a mixture of combustion air and a fuel is burned and then fed to an exhaust duct. A supply of combustion air and / or fuel to the combustion chamber can be arranged and shaped such that waste heat (arising from the combustion) is transferred within the housing to the combustion air to be supplied and / or a fuel to be supplied. The supply of the combustion air comprises a silencer which is arranged adjacent to the combustion chamber. The silencer is cylindrical and faces the combustion chamber with its base surface, creating a surface covering or covering of at least part of the combustion chamber.

[0009] The heater can be designed to burn a fuel, in particular a combustible gas such as natural gas and / or hydrogen or another fuel such as heating oil, with the supply of ambient air and to provide thermal energy, for example to heat a heat transfer medium in a heating circuit or to provide a hot water supply. In particular, the heater can be a condensing boiler. The heater generally has a combustion chamber and a conveying device which can convey a mixture of fuel or gas and combustion air into a combustion chamber. The combustion products can then be fed to an exhaust system through an exhaust duct. The heater can have a housing in which all of the essential components of the heater, or components mentioned here, are arranged in a protected manner.

[0010] A supply of combustion air and / or fuel can comprise at least one component with which the combustion air and / or fuel can be transported to a combustion chamber, in particular a line and / or a silencer. Fuel can be introduced before the supply or also within the supply, for example through a gas valve. The proposed transfer of the waste heat, which is generated in particular during combustion or in the combustion chamber, within the housing of the heater to the combustion air to be supplied to the combustion chamber and / or the fuel to be supplied, can advantageously be used to utilize the waste heat and thus increase the efficiency of the heater. It is preferred that a significant proportion of the waste heat generated is directed to the supply or the combustion air to be supplied and / or the fuel to be supplied (directed or(targeted) so that, for example, a significant temperature increase of the supplied flow is achieved. In normal operation, the temperature increase can range from 30 °C to 60 °C, for example.

[0011] The supply of combustion air and / or fuel may be a supply of a mixture of combustion air and / or fuel, or may also comprise individual or separate supplies of combustion air and / or fuel.

[0012] The supply of combustion air and / or fuel can be arranged and / or shaped in such a way that the waste heat is transferred to the combustion air and / or fuel to be supplied. This can be achieved by a variety of measures. For example, lines as part of the supply of combustion air and fuel can be arranged directly adjacent to heat sources, in particular a combustion chamber or an exhaust duct, within the housing in order to support the transfer of the heat flow emanating from the heat sources of the heater to a mass flow of combustion air and / or fuel. The supply of combustion air and / or fuel (in particular a line and / or a silencer) can be flat orbe flat (with a large surface area) in order to cover as large a part of the heat sources as possible, in particular the combustion chamber and / or the exhaust duct, as predominantly or even (almost) completely.

[0013] The supply of combustion air and / or fuel can also be designed in a meandering or helical manner in order to guide the mass flow of combustion air and / or fuel past the heat sources within the housing several times and thus absorb a significant portion of the waste heat flow.

[0014] The supply of combustion air and / or fuel can be made of a material with good thermal conductivity, at least in the areas facing a waste heat stream. Metals, especially copper, exhibit good thermal conductivity and are suitable materials. The material is considered to be "good thermal conductor" here, in particular, if the thermal conductivity is in the range above 50 W / (mK).

[0015] The combustion air and / or fuel supply can be mechanically or thermally connected to at least one heat source, in particular a component through which exhaust gas flows, such as the combustion chamber and / or the exhaust line, to enable effective heat transfer of the waste heat flow to the combustion air and / or fuel supply. Such a connection can be established, for example, with a material-to-material or form-fitting connection, such as adhesive bonding or screwing.

[0016] An outer wall of a heat source, in particular a combustion chamber or an exhaust duct, can be an (integral) part of a combustion air and / or fuel supply. This advantageously allows for a direct transfer of the waste heat flow to the mass flow of combustion air and / or fuel by eliminating at least one wall or boundary transition. Since external contact with the hot wall by persons is also avoided, this wall can be designed to be thinner or more heat-conductive.

[0017] The supply of combustion air and / or fuel comprises a silencer, which can be arranged adjacent to a heat source, in particular the combustion chamber and / or a part of the exhaust duct. The silencer comprises, in particular, a gas inlet and a gas outlet for a mass flow of combustion air and / or fuel. The silencer can comprise an expansion of the flow cross-section and / or flow fittings for turbulence in the flow.

[0018] The silencer may have an inner gas guide wall. The inner gas guide wall may be arranged such that a mass flow of combustion air and / or fuel flowing through the silencer must flow through the silencer over as much of its entire base area as possible. For example, an inner gas guide wall may be designed and arranged such that a meandering or helical flow of the mass flow of combustion air and / or fuel through the silencer can be achieved.

[0019] The silencer is facing the combustion chamber (immediately or directly) with its base surface and thus provides a surface covering or covering of at least part of the combustion chamber of the heater.

[0020] A cylindrical silencer can have a largely circular base surface. An inner gas guide wall can be arranged and formed radially from a region of the center of the base surface to a peripheral surface. An inlet and an outlet of the silencer can preferably be arranged adjacent to the inner gas guide wall in a peripheral surface or (an outer region of) the base surface of the cylindrical silencer. An outer region of the base surface here refers in particular to a region of the base surface of the silencer close to the peripheral surface.

[0021] The shape and size of the base of the cylindrical silencer can be selected so that heat sources within the heater housing can be covered.

[0022] The supply of combustion air and / or fuel can be arranged between at least one heat source of the heater and at least one heat-sensitive component of the heater, for example, an electronic component such as a control unit. This advantageously reduces the impact of waste heat on the heat-sensitive components of the heater. A component is "heat-sensitive," for example, if it is designed for operation in a temperature range up to approximately 100°C, or possibly even as low as approximately 40°C.

[0023] According to a further aspect of the invention, a silencer for a heating device is proposed, wherein the silencer has a cylindrical shape and is shaped such that a mass flow of combustion air and / or fuel flowing through the silencer must flow around or over the entire base area of the silencer if possible.

[0024] The silencer may have a circular base surface and an inner gas guide wall, the latter extending from approximately the center of the base surface to a radially outer lateral surface. An inlet and an outlet of the silencer may be arranged adjacent to the inner gas guide wall in a base surface or, particularly advantageously, in a lateral surface.

[0025] Thus, a heater and a silencer for a heater are provided here, which at least partially solve the problems described with reference to the prior art. In particular, the heater and the silencer each contribute at least to dissipating waste heat from a housing of a heater and reusing it, whereby the efficiency of a heater proposed here can be advantageously increased compared to the prior art. Furthermore, heat-sensitive components in a heater proposed here are advantageously protected from the influence of the waste heat within the heater housing, whereby the service life of the heater can be improved. Furthermore, a heater proposed here hardly incurs additional costs in terms of production and operation.

[0026] The details, features, and advantageous embodiments discussed in connection with the heater can also be applied to the silencer proposed here, and vice versa. In this respect, reference is made in full to the explanations therein for a more detailed characterization of the features.

[0027] The invention and the technical environment are explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying figures. It should be noted that the invention is not intended to be limited by the exemplary embodiments cited. In particular, unless explicitly stated otherwise, it is also possible to extract partial aspects of the facts explained in the figures and combine them with other components and findings from the present description. In particular, it should be noted that the figures, and in particular the proportions shown, are only schematic. They show: Fig. 1 shows a gas supply of a heating device proposed here, Fig. 2 shows a silencer proposed here, and Fig. 3 shows a heating device proposed here.

[0028] Fig. 1 shows a supply 11 of combustion air and / or fuel of a heating device 1 proposed here. The supply 11 can comprise an intake duct 7, a conveying device 6, a combustion air inlet 18, and a silencer 5. The intake duct 7 can be designed in a meandering shape, thus having a flat form in order to cover at least one heat source, for example a combustion chamber 2 or an exhaust duct 3. In the area of the conveying device 6, a gas valve 15 can be arranged, which can add fuel, for example natural gas, to an air stream sucked in in the intake duct 7.

[0029] Fig. 2 shows a silencer 5 proposed here. The silencer 5 can be cylindrical and have a largely circular base surface 16 and a lateral surface 17. The silencer 5 can have a combustion air inlet 18 arranged in the lateral surface 17 and a combustion air outlet 10 and an inner gas guide wall 13, which are arranged such that an air flow 12 from the combustion air inlet 18 to the combustion air outlet 10 can flow through the entire silencer 5 to the greatest extent possible.

[0030] Fig. 3shows a sectional view of a heater 1 proposed here. The heater 1 can have a housing 14. By means of a conveying device 6, an air stream 12 can be sucked in via an intake duct 7 and then fed via the feed 11 to the silencer 5, to which fuel gas can be added via a gas valve 15. After the gas stream 20 (mixture of ambient air and fuel gas) emerges from the conveying device 6, the gas stream 20 can be fed to the combustion chamber 2 and combusted. The combustion products can then be conducted out of the housing 14 via an exhaust duct 3 and fed to an exhaust system 4.

[0031] Advantageously, the supply line 11, in particular the silencer 5 and the intake duct 7, is designed to be flat, so that a heat-dissipating separation can be achieved between the heat sources of the heater 1, in particular the combustion chamber 2 and the exhaust duct 3. The waste heat from the heater 1 can thus be fed to the combustion chamber 2 and thus used. Advantageously, the flat supply line 11 can also protect heat-sensitive components 8 of the heater 1 from heating by the combustion chamber 2 and / or the exhaust duct 3. Heat-sensitive components 8 can be, for example, a control and regulating device of the heater 1. List of reference symbols

[0032] 1Heater 2Combustion chamber 3Exhaust duct 4Exhaust system 5Silencer 6Feeding device 7Intake duct 8Heat-sensitive components 9Gas inlet 10Combustion air outlet 11Feed 12Air flow 13Gas guide wall 14Housing 15Gas valve 16Base area 17Shell surface 18Combustion air inlet 19Heat flow 20Gas flow

Claims

1. Heating appliance (1), having a housing (14) with a combustion chamber (2), in which a mixture of combustion air and a fuel can be combusted and fed to an exhaust gas duct (3), wherein a feed (11) of combustion air and / or fuel to the combustion chamber (2) is arranged and shaped in such a way, that waste heat from the combustion within the housing (14) can be transferred to the combustion air and / or fuel to be supplied, characterised in that the supply (11) comprises a silencer (5) which is arranged adjacent to the combustion chamber (2), is cylindrical in shape and faces the combustion chamber (2) with its base surface (16) and further comprises a flat covering or overlapping of at least part of the combustion chamber (2). covering at least part of the combustion chamber (2).

2. Heating appliance (1) according to claim 1, wherein a wall of the feed (11) consists of a material with good thermal conductivity at least in a region facing the combustion chamber (2) or the flue gas duct (3).

3. Heating appliance (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein an outer wall of a combustion chamber (2) and / or an exhaust gas duct (3) is part of the feed (11).

4. Heating appliance (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the silencer (5) is cylindrical in shape and has an inner gas guide wall (13), wherein the inner gas guide wall (13) comprises a gas inlet (9) and a gas outlet (10), which are arranged in such a way that a mass flow of combustion air and / or fuel flowing through the silencer (5) flows through the entire silencer (5).

5. Heating appliance (1) according to claim 4, wherein the silencer (5) is cylindrical with a circular base surface (16) and the inner gas guide wall (13) extends radially from a centre region of the circular base surface (16) to a lateral surface (17) of the silencer (5) and the gas inlet (9) and the gas outlet (10) are arranged adjacent to the gas guide wall (13).

6. Heating appliance (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the feed (11) is arranged in the housing (14) in such a way that heat sources within the housing (14) of the heating appliance (1) are at least partially covered.

7. Heating appliance (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the feed (11) is arranged between a combustion chamber (2) and / or an exhaust gas duct (3) and at least one heat-sensitive component (8) of the heating appliance (1).

8. Silencer (5) for a heating appliance (1), having a cylindrical shape with a circular base surface (16) and an inner gas guide wall (13) which extends radially from a centre region of the circular base surface (16) to a lateral surface (17) of the silencer (5), and wherein a gas inlet (9) and a gas outlet (10) of the silencer (5) are arranged adjacent to the gas guide wall (13).

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