Method for removing fasteners from a formwork base

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and a device for positioning and / or removing fixing elements on / from a formwork base, as well as a fixing element for use in combination with the device, both individually and as a system. To significantly reduce the workload for a worker when positioning and / or removing fixing elements on / from the formwork base, thereby considerably shortening cycle times on a production line for the semi-automated manufacturing of precast concrete elements in a precast concrete plant, the inventive method for positioning fixing elements on a formwork base comprises the following steps: Step A: Moving a group of fixing elements to an arbitrary position on and / or above the formwork base. Step B: Singling out a fixing element from the group of fixing elements for positioning on the formwork base.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for removing fixing elements from a formwork base.

[0002] The invention is preferably used in a precast concrete plant in which precast concrete elements are manufactured on a production line—so to speak, "on an assembly line." To manufacture these precast concrete elements, a formwork with shuttering devices is placed on a magnetic or magnetizable formwork base by a formwork robot. Reinforcing and, as a rule, magnetic fixing elements are positioned on the formwork base. These fixing elements must be removed separately from the formwork base after the formwork has been filled with liquid concrete and the finished, hardened concrete element has been removed. Such fixing elements serve, for example, to fix concrete insert elements to the formwork base and are to be distinguished from those concrete insert elements that are embedded in the concrete when the formwork is filled with liquid concrete and are removed from the formwork base with the precast concrete elements after the precast concrete elements have been completed.

[0003] Traditionally, fixing elements are positioned individually by hand on the formwork base and, after use, removed individually by hand or using lever bars. Manual positioning and removal of fixing elements proves to be time-consuming and uneconomical, as, among other things, considerable forces must be applied to remove the fixing elements from the formwork base (the holding force to be overcome during lifting is typically approximately 50 to 100 kg). EP 1 273 407 A1 discloses a magnet placement robot for the spatially positioned placement and / or pickup of magnets—in particular, permanent magnets for arranging formwork during precast concrete production. DE 40 31 384 C1 discloses a method and a device with which at least the positioning of concrete components takes place automatically.DE 196 51 933 C1 discloses a method for forming formwork for precast concrete panels using a formwork robot.

[0004] The present invention is based on the object of providing a method for removing fixing elements from a formwork base in order to significantly reduce the work required by a worker when removing fixing elements from the formwork base, so that the cycle times on a production line for the semi-automated production of precast concrete elements in a precast concrete plant can be significantly shortened.

[0005] To achieve this object, the invention provides the method according to claim 1. The method according to the invention for removing fixing elements from a formwork base comprises the steps: Step C: Grouping a fixing element to be removed from the formwork base with at least one further fixing element to form a group of fixing elements by arranging the fixing element to be removed from the formwork base and the at least one further fixing element of the group of fixing elements in a stacked assembly along a stacking axis and / or in a housing designed as a magazine. Step D: Removing the group of fixing elements from the formwork base.

[0006] Using this method, several fixing elements can be collected one after the other, particularly automatically, and removed as a group from a formwork support and transported to a delivery station. This eliminates the need to transport individual fixing elements to the delivery station. Preferably, the fixing elements are collected in a housing designed as a magazine and / or removed as a group from the formwork support in a housing designed as a magazine.

[0007] Advantageous further developments of the invention are the subject of the subclaims.

[0008] It may be advantageous if step C includes at least one of the following substeps: Substep C1: Placing a device for removing fixing elements from the formwork base onto the formwork base. With this design, the force for lifting the fixing element from the formwork base can be applied particularly effectively and precisely to the fixing element.

[0009] Substep C2: Actuating an engagement device to establish engagement with the fixing element to be removed from the formwork base, preferably electrically, hydraulically, pneumatically, and / or mechanically. This allows the impact on the fixing element to be removed from the formwork base to be optimally controlled.

[0010] Substep C3: The fixing element to be removed from the formwork base is placed in a device for removing fixing elements from a formwork base. In this version, the fixing element to be removed from the formwork base is securely stored in the device and protected from external influences. This further improves the impact on the fixing element to be removed from the formwork base.

[0011] Substep C4: Aligning at least one fixing element within the group of fixing elements with respect to at least one other fixing element of the group of fixing elements, preferably by correcting the relative position and / or orientation of the fixing elements, preferably by centering on an axis, particularly preferably by magnetic force. This embodiment facilitates the reuse of the fixing element removed from the formwork base and its repositioning on the formwork base.

[0012] Substep C5: Arranging the group of fixation elements in the stack along a stack axis, preferably such that the fixation elements are arranged regularly and / or in contact with one another, particularly preferably in the most compact stack. This embodiment further facilitates reuse of the fixation element.

[0013] It may also be useful if step D includes at least one of the following substeps: Substep D1: Moving at least the fixing element removed or to be removed from the formwork base and, if applicable, the remaining fixing elements of the group of fixing elements, preferably in a translational movement parallel and / or perpendicular to the formwork base, and / or a rotational movement about an axis aligned parallel or perpendicular to the formwork base, preferably with a robot. Such movements allow for particularly good control of the fixing element removed or to be removed from the formwork base. Substep D2: Lifting the device for positioning and / or removing fixing elements on / from the formwork base. In this embodiment, automation of the process is particularly simple.

[0014] Further preferred developments result from combinations of the features disclosed in the description, the claims and the drawings. Short description of the characters

[0015] They show: Figure 1 a perspective view of a device for positioning and removing fixing elements on / from a formwork base in the unloaded state without fixing elements, wherein the device has a housing and a carrier movably coupled to the housing. Figure 2 in the perspective views (a) and (b) at the same viewing angle, a fixing element with a view obliquely from above onto the upper side of the fixing element facing away from the contact side as an overall view (view a) or in partial section (view b). Figure 3a schematic representation with a view from above of a device and a formwork base, wherein the device is moved from a starting position next to the formwork base on a (self-contained) movement path indicated by a dashed line and in doing so moves to various positions on the formwork base in order to position individual fixing elements on the formwork base or to pick them up from the formwork base and then returns to the starting position. Figures 4various schematic views of the neck of a fixing element in cross section to an axis perpendicular to the contact side of the fixing element, wherein the neck has a star-shaped outline in the cross section shown and can be aligned about the axis when arrow-shaped engagement sections engage in two diametrically opposed recesses, wherein the arrow-shaped engagement sections are in a non-engaged position in view (a) and in an engaged position in view (b). Detailed description of the preferred embodiments

[0016] The embodiment of the application is described in detail below with reference to the drawings. To avoid repetition, similar features are provided with the same reference numerals and a repeated description is omitted. Device 1

[0017] The device 1 according to the present embodiment serves for positioning and removing fixing elements 2 on / from a formwork base 3 and comprises a housing / magazine 11 for receiving a group of fixing elements 2 and a carrier 12, as well as an engagement device 13 for establishing an engagement with a fixing element 2.

[0018] In the present case, the housing 11 is tubular, e.g. made of aluminum / stainless steel (non-magnetic), and comprises two, e.g. plate-shaped arms 112, which protrude from the hollow cylindrical base part 111 essentially radially to the central axis M, optionally with an upward taper at the end, and are connected to the base part 111, e.g. by welding. The interior of the base part 111 preferably tapers conically along the central axis M from the top (support 12) to the bottom (adjustment device 14) in order to center the fixing elements 2 stored in the interior with respect to the central axis M and to feed them in a precisely positioned manner to the engagement device 13, which is described in detail below. Two guide elements / buttons 115 extend parallel to the central axis M on the inner wall of the housing 11 and are spring-elastically pre-tensioned in a direction parallel to the central axis M into an extended position in order to rest on the formwork base 3.The guide elements / buttons 115 are designed to engage in the recesses 24 of the fixing elements 2 and to guide them in a rotationally secure manner in the housing 11 during movement along the central axis M, to deposit them in the correct orientation on the formwork support 3 and to pick them up again in the correct orientation from the formwork support 3 in the housing 11.

[0019] In the present case, the support 12 is designed as a tube concentric with the base part 111 of the housing 11 and is intended to be held by a worker in a supporting manner, so that the housing 11 is arranged suspended below the support 12. Alternatively, another adapter can be attached via the wings 122 projecting laterally from the base part 121 of the support 12 via a screw cap 124. This adapter is designed, for example, as a hollow square tube with an edge length of 60 mm in order to be picked up by a formwork robot analogous to a formwork. Other adapters or suspensions of the device 1 are also conceivable. Attached to the underside of the base part 121 are two further wings 125 extending radially to the central axis M, which are connected to articulated rods 131 for coupling the movement of the support 12 relative to the housing 11.

[0020] In the present embodiment, the engagement device 13 comprises two slide-shaped engagement sections 134, each of which can be brought into positive engagement with a fixing element 2. The two engagement sections 134 are offset by 180° from the central axis M, are mirror-symmetrical, and can be actuated simultaneously to each enclose a fixing element 2 on the neck 22 or between the head 21 and the body 23 in a positive, play-free, and fully circumferential manner. However, the number of engagement sections 134 is not necessarily limited to two. The movement of each engagement section 134 is coupled to a relative movement between the housing 11 and the carrier 12 via a joint / toggle lever mechanism formed by the lever rod 131 and the lever 132 as well as further deflection rods and joints 133 in such a way that when the overall length of the housing 11 and the carrier 12 is shortened, each engagement section 134 is spaced from the central axis M.During a relative movement between the housing 11 and the support 12, which increases their overall length, the distance of the engagement section 134 from the central axis M shortens. As a result, the engagement device 13 is automatically actuated when the housing 11 is placed on the formwork support 3 and moved from the closed position to the open position, while the engagement device 13 is also automatically actuated when the housing 11 is lifted off the formwork support 3, but is moved from the open position to the closed position. In the closed position, the inner diameter of a circle formed by the sides of the engagement sections 134 facing the central axis M is smaller than the outer diameter of the head 21 and the body 23 of the fixing element 2, so that the fixing element 2 is fixed in both directions along its axis A in a form-fitting manner and preferably without play between the engagement sections 134.In the open position, the opening formed between the engagement sections 134 is larger than the outer diameter of the head 21 and the body 23 of the fixing element 2, so that the fixing element 2 can be moved out of the effective range of the engagement device 13 along its axis A, which preferably coincides with the central axis M of the device 1. The strength of the engagement device 13 is dimensioned such that a lifting force oriented perpendicular to the contact side of the fixing element 2 can be applied to the fixing element 2 via the engagement sections 134 in order to overcome the magnetic holding force of preferably approximately 87 kg. The central axis M ideally corresponds to the axis A of the engaged fixing element 2 and the stacking axis S, along which the fixing elements 2 can be stacked with a regular arrangement and orientation (contact side downwards) in the housing 11.

[0021] In the present case, the adjusting device 14 is essentially tubular, e.g. made of aluminum / stainless steel (non-magnetic), and is arranged concentrically outside the base part 111 of the housing 11 along the central axis M so as to be adjustable relative to the latter. The adjusting device 14 comprises a hollow cylindrical base part 141 with at least one guide groove for forming a slotted guide with a guide pin 114 that projects radially outward from the base part 111 of the housing 11. Optionally, the base part 141 comprises two further guide grooves for forming a slotted guide with the arms 112 that project radially outward from the base part 111 of the housing 11. The adjusting device 14 is adjustable between a retracted position and an extended position. By means of a knob 142, the base part 141 of the adjusting device 14 can be fixed in the retracted position or the extended position relative to the base part 111 of the housing 11.At the lower end of the base part 111 of the housing 11, four feet 143 extend substantially parallel to the central axis M, which define the installation surface of the device 1. By transferring the adjusting device 14 between the retracted position and the extended position, the distance of the installation surface of the device 1 can be changed in relation to the engagement height of the engagement sections 134 along the central axis M. This means that by transferring the adjusting device 14 between the retracted position and the extended position, the device 1 can be configured between a function for positioning fixing elements 2 on a formwork base 3 (extended position of the adjusting device 14) and a function for removing fixing elements 2 from a formwork base 3 (retracted position of the adjusting device 14). In the retracted position of the adjusting device 14, which is shown in . Figure 1As shown, the engagement device 13 can be brought into engagement with a fixing element 2 positioned directly on the formwork base 3. In the extended position, the engagement device 13 can be brought into engagement with a fixing element 2 that is placed or stacked on the fixing element 2 positioned directly on the formwork base 3. To be precise, the engagement height of the engagement sections 134 in the retracted position of the adjusting device 14 in relation to the installation surface of the device 1 is dimensioned such that the engagement sections 134 enclose the neck 22 or the constriction formed between the head 21 and body 23 of the fixing element 2 in the closed position in a form-fitting, play-free and fully circumferential manner.In the extended position of the adjustment device 14, however, the engagement height of the engagement sections 134 in relation to the installation surface of the device 1 is dimensioned such that the engagement sections 134 enclose the fixing element 2, which is placed on the fixing element 2 positioned directly on the formwork base 3, in the closed position in a form-fitting manner, free of play and completely. Fixing element 2

[0022] The following with reference to Figure 2 The fixation element 2 described is intended for use as a system in combination with the device described above.

[0023] The fixing element 2 comprises a mushroom-shaped upper part 2a made of a non-magnetic material, in particular stainless steel or aluminum, and a substantially cylindrical lower part 2b. The upper part 2a of the fixing element 2 forms a head 21 and a neck 22, while the lower part 2b forms a body 23. The neck 22 is arranged between the head 21 and the body 23 and forms a taper for a positive connection, for example, with a concrete installation element, as well as for the positive application of a force for lifting the fixing element 2 from the formwork base 3. The head 21 and the body 23 each comprise a cone 21a, 23a pointing away from the contact side in order to facilitate the attachment of the engagement device 13 or its insertion into the housing 11 of the device 1. Head 21, neck 22 and body 23 each comprise a cylindrical outer surface 21b, 23b which points radially away from the axis A of the fixing element 2 which is perpendicular to the contact side.The change in cross-section between head 21 and neck 22 forms a radially projecting and circumferential flange 21c, which can be brought into engagement with the engagement device 13 of the device 1. Semi-cylindrical recesses 24 in the outer surface 21b, 23b of the body 23 form an anti-twist device 24 for the positive connection of the fixing element 2, e.g., with a concrete installation element and for securing it against twisting about an axis perpendicular to the contact side, as well as for twist-proof guidance on the guide elements / buttons 115 in the housing 11. A cylindrical magnet 2d for fixing the fixing element 2 to the formwork base 3 is located centrally on the contact side of the fixing element 2 in a complementary cavity of the lower part 2b. A further magnet 2c is arranged on the side of the fixing element 2 facing away from the contact side in a complementary cavity of the upper part 2a.This additional magnet 2c is smaller than the magnet 2d for securing the fixing element 2 to the formwork base 3 and generates a smaller magnetic force. As a result, the force required to separate two fixing elements 2 while overcoming their mutual magnetic force is lower than the force required to remove one fixing element 2 from the formwork base 3. The lower part 2b has a larger diameter than the upper part 2a and forms the contact side for securing the fixing element 2 to the formwork base 3. The upper part 2a and the lower part 2b are separate components made of different materials and are connected by a screw extending through a central bore 2e of the fixing element 2 and into both magnets 2c, 2d.

[0024] In the tubular housing 11, the axes A of the fixing elements 2 are aligned and centered on the central axis M during progressive movement in the direction of the engagement device 13 by guiding the cylindrical outer surface 23b of the body 23 on the inner wall of the housing 11 and the recesses 24 on the guide elements / buttons 115, and the fixing elements 2 are fed to the engagement device 13 in a precisely positioned manner, so that the engagement sections 134 can penetrate into the constriction of the fixing element 2 formed between the head 21 and the body 23 in the closed position.

[0025] The filling of the housing 11 can be measured from above by a laser or detected in another way.

[0026] In an advantageous further training, which is related to the Fig. 4a and 4bAs described, the neck 22 of the fixing element 2 has a non-rotationally symmetrical, preferably polygonal contour in cross-section relative to the axis perpendicular to the contact side, by means of which the fixing element can be aligned about this axis. The polygonal contour of the neck 22 in cross-section is, for example, star-shaped and has four concave recesses on the outside, which taper towards the axis and are arranged symmetrically around the axis at regular angular intervals of 90°.

[0027] The engagement sections 134 of the device 1 have arrow-shaped tips that have convex contours complementary to the concave recesses on the neck 22 of the fixation element 2. As a result, the fixation element 2 can be aligned around its axis when the two arrow-shaped engagement sections 134 engage in two diametrically opposed recesses. Proceedings

[0028] The following with reference to Figure 3 The schematically described method for positioning fixing elements 2 on a formwork base 3 is preferably carried out using the previously described device 1 and comprises the steps: Step A: Moving a group of fixing elements 2 to any position P1 on and / or above the formwork base 3. Step B: Separating a fixing element 2 from the group of fixing elements 2 for positioning on the formwork base 3.

[0029] First, a group is formed from individual fixing elements 2 and arranged regularly in the most compact stack possible, for example, with the contact sides of the fixing elements 2 facing downwards. The group of fixing elements 2 is secured in this stack, for example, with packing straps. This ideally takes place in the factory and outside the formwork device 3 (sub-step A1). The mutual magnetic attraction of the fixing elements 2 supports the stack-like arrangement and holds them together in the stack, aligned along the stack axis S, without external influence.

[0030] When the device 1 is in a starting position P0 or refill station, the fixing elements 2 in this stacked assembly are received along a stacking axis S from above or below in the housing 11 of the device 1, so that the contact sides of the fixing elements 2 face downward or toward the engagement device 13 (sub-step A2). The stacking axis S ideally coincides with the center axis M of the device 1.

[0031] By guiding the cylindrical outer surface 23b of the body 23 on the inner wall of the housing 11 and the recesses 24 on the guide elements / buttons 115, the fixing elements 2 are centered on the central axis M as they move progressively along the central axis M in the direction of the engagement device 13 and are fed to the engagement device 13 in a precisely positioned manner. As a result, and supported by the mutual magnetic attraction of the fixing elements 2, individual fixing elements 2 in this stacked assembly are aligned relative to other fixing elements 2 of the group accommodated in the housing 11 (sub-step A4). This proves to be helpful because, among other things, a jerky movement of the device 1 can cause the fixing elements 2 to become offset with respect to the central axis M.The play of the fixing elements 2 in the magazine M should be sufficiently dimensioned to enable reliable separation of the fixing elements 2 by the engagement device 13 without tilting or jamming in the housing 11.

[0032] The lowest fixing element 2 in the stacking direction is in engagement with the engagement sections 134 of the engagement device 13, which are in the closed position, and is held in engagement by the engagement sections 134 in a form-fitting manner and without play (sub-step A3).

[0033] From position P0, the device 1 is now picked up by a formwork robot (not shown) on the adapter of the support 12 and moved over the formwork base 3 (sub-step A6) so that the housing 11 is arranged suspended below the support 12 and the central axis M and stacking axis S are aligned exactly or substantially perpendicular to the formwork base 3 (sub-step A5).

[0034] As indicated by the dashed line, the device 1 is moved by the formwork robot parallel and / or perpendicular to the formwork base from the position P0 to a position P1 for separating and positioning a first fixing element 2 (sub-step A6).

[0035] In this position P1, the housing 41 of the device 1 is placed on the formwork support 3 (sub-step A7). The adjustment device 14 is in the extended position.

[0036] By placing the housing 11 on the formwork base 3, the housing 11 is moved toward the support 12, and the engagement device 13 is mechanically actuated. The engagement sections 134 are moved away from the central axis M by the toggle lever rods 132 and joints 133, and the engagement device 13 is moved into the open position. As a result, the end of each engagement section 134 facing the central axis M is moved further away from the central axis M. The actuation of the engagement device 13, coupled to the placement of the device 1 on the formwork base 3, releases the contact between the engagement sections 134 of the engagement device 13 and the fixing element 2 held thereby (sub-step B1).

[0037] Under the action of the weight, the fixing elements 2 fall through the released opening of the housing 11 onto the formwork base 3 and are moved along the stacking axis S (sub-step B2) until the fixing element 2 to be separated rests on the formwork base 3 and is positioned in the position P1 (sub-step B3). The distance between the installation surface of the housing 11 or the formwork base 3 and the engagement height of the engagement sections 134 along the central axis M is dimensioned in the extended position of the adjusting device 14 such that when the engagement sections 134 are in the open position, exactly one fixing element 2 fits through the opening in order to rest on the formwork base 3 with its contact side. The fixing element 2 orThe second fixing element 2 from below is held at a distance from the formwork base 3 by the fixing element 2 resting directly on the formwork base 3 and still in the engagement area of the engagement sections 134 at the engagement height. The device 1 is then lifted from the formwork base 3 by the formwork robot 1 and moved perpendicular to the formwork base 3 in a direction away from the formwork base 3. When the engagement sections 134 move back into the closed position when the housing 11 of the device 1 is lifted from the formwork base 3, the engagement sections 134 engage the second fixing element 2 from below.

[0038] When the device 1 is lifted off the formwork base 3, the engagement sections 134 of the engagement device 13 are consequently moved back from the open position into the closed position, so that the second fixing element 2 in the stacking direction is held in engagement from below by the engagement sections 134 of the engagement device 13 and is held in the housing 11 by the engagement sections 134 when the device 1 is lifted off the formwork base 3 (sub-step B4).

[0039] As a result, the fixing element 2 positioned on the formwork base 3 and to be separated is separated and separated from the remaining fixing elements 2 by relative movement with respect to the fixing elements 2 remaining in the housing 11 along the stack axis S, dissolving the stack connection (sub-step B5).

[0040] As a result, the fixing element 2 in the position P1 is individually ejected from the housing 11 (sub-step B6).

[0041] In a step B*, at least one remaining fixing element 2 of the group is moved to at least one further position P2 above the formwork base 3, different from said position P1. Step B and optionally C can be repeated in each further position P2 until the last fixing element 2 of the group is positioned on the formwork base 3.

[0042] Steps A, B and optionally C can be repeated with at least one further group of fixing elements 2. To refill fixing elements 2, the device 1 is moved to the starting position P0 or to a refilling station next to the formwork base 3. The empty device 1 is placed from above onto a provided stack of fixing elements 2 or is exchanged for a provided, filled device 1. In the starting position or refilling station P0, the lowest fixing element 2 is placed on a pedestal 4 with a height matched to a fixing element 2, so that this lowest fixing element 2 is held in the engagement region of the engagement sections 134 of the engagement device 13. Accordingly, the lowest fixing element 2 contacts the engagement sections 134 when the housing 11 of the device 1 is lifted from the starting position orRefill station P0 when the contact sections 51 move back to the closed position.

[0043] After completion of the positioning of the fixing elements 2, a formwork 5 formed on the formwork base 3 is filled with liquid concrete while embedding the fixing elements 2 and the fixing elements 2 are removed separately from the formwork base 3 after the finished concrete part has been lifted off.

[0044] To remove the fixing elements 2 from the formwork base 3, the following steps are carried out: Step C: Grouping a fixing element 2 to be removed from the formwork base 3 with at least one other fixing element 2 to form a group of fixing elements 2. Step D: Removing the group of fixing elements 2 from the formwork base 3.

[0045] First, the device 1 is brought into the configuration for removing the fixing elements 2 from the formwork base 3 by moving the adjustment device 14 into the retracted position and into the position P1 of the fixing element 2 to be removed from the formwork base 3. Subsequently, the engagement device 13 is actuated by placing the device 1 on the formwork base 3 to establish engagement with the fixing element 2 to be removed from the formwork base 3 (substeps C1 and C2).

[0046] By actuating the engagement device 13, the fixing element 2 to be removed from the formwork base 3 is received in the device 1 (sub-step C3).

[0047] By means of mutual magnetic attraction, the fixing element 2 to be removed from the formwork base is aligned with a fixing element already received in the device 1 (sub-step C4).

[0048] As a result, the fixing element 2 to be removed from the formwork base 3 is arranged in a stacked arrangement along a stacking axis S in regular contact with the fixing element 2 already stored in the device (sub-step C5).

[0049] By lifting the device 1 from the formwork base 3, the engagement device 13 is moved from the open position to the closed position. The fixing element 2 to be removed from the formwork base 3 is engaged by the engagement device 13 and moved perpendicular to the formwork base 3 with the remaining fixing elements 2 of the group of fixing elements 2 (sub-step D1).

[0050] The lifting of the device 1 is preferably carried out with a formwork robot (sub-step D2).

[0051] In the manner described, all fixing elements 2 are removed one after the other from the formwork base 3 and can be immediately reused.

[0052] To produce another precast concrete element, the entire process is repeated. List of reference symbols

[0053] 1 Device 2 Fixing element 2a Upper part 2b Lower part 2c Magnetic body (small) 2d Magnetic body (large) 2e Bore 3 Formwork support 4 Platform 5 Formwork 11 Housing or magazine 12 Support 13 Engagement device 14 Adjustment device 21 Head 21a Cone 21b Cylindrical surface 21c Flange 22 Neck 23 Body 23a Cone 23b Cylindrical surface 24 Recess 111 Tube / base part 112 Boom / wing 113 Guide channel 114 Guide pin 115 Guide element / button 121 Base part 122 Boom (for adapter) 123 Adapter (for manual operation) 124 Screw cap 124 Wing 125 Boom (for lever rod) 131Lever rod 132Lever mechanism 133Bearing / joint 134Slide 141Guide sleeve 142Actuating device (button) 143Foot MCenter axis P0Position next to the formwork support P1Position on the formwork support P2Position on the formwork support SStacking axis

Claims

1. A method for removing fixing members (2) from a formwork base (3), comprising the following steps: a. step C: grouping a fixing member (2) to be removed from the formwork base (3) with at least one other fixing member (2) into a group of fixing members (2) by arranging the fixing member (2) to be removed from the formwork base (3) and the at least one other fixing member (2) of the group of fixing members (2) in a stacked structure along a stacking axis (S) and / or in a housing configured as a magazine. b. step D: removing the group of fixing members (2) from the formwork base (3).

2. The method according to the preceding claim characterized in that step C comprises at least one of the following substeps: a. substep C1: placing an apparatus (1) for removing fixing members (2) from the formwork base (3) onto the formwork base (3). b. substep C2: actuating an engagement device (13) for bringing about engagement with a fixing member (2) to be removed from the formwork base (3), preferably by electric, hydraulic, pneumatic and / or mechanical means. c. substep C3: receiving the fixing member (2) to be removed from the formwork base (3) in an apparatus (1) for removing fixing members (2) from a formwork base (3). d. substep C4: aligning at least one fixing member (2) within the group of fixing members (2) with respect to at least one other fixing member (2) of the group of fixing members (2), preferably by correcting the relative position and / or orientation of the fixing members (2), more preferably by centering onto an axis (M, S), most preferably by magnetic force. e. substep C5: arranging the group of fixing members (2) in a stacked structure along a stacking axis (S) so that the fixing member's (2) are arranged in regular order and / or in contact with each other, most preferably in the most compact stacked structure.

3. The method according to anyone of the preceding claims characterized in that step D comprises at least one of the following substeps: a. substep D1: moving at least the fixing member (2) to be removed from the formwork base (3) and, if necessary, the remaining fixing members (2) of the group of fixing member's (2), preferably in a translatory motion parallel and / or perpendicular to the formwork board (3) and / or a rotary motion about an axis extending parallel or perpendicular to the formwork base (3), preferably by means of a robot. b. substep D2: lifting the apparatus (1) for removing fixing members (2) to / from the formwork base (3).

Images