Bodyshell, in particular a side wall and / or a vehicle door, for holding a pane for a vehicle, in particular a railway vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a body shell, in particular a side wall and / or a vehicle door, of a vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle, comprising at least one opening for the insertion of a window pane by means of a rubber clamping frame, wherein the opening has a plurality, in particular three or four, curved corners and the opening edge is designed for mounting at least one clamping rubber, wherein the opening edge is formed such that at least in each corner a reinforcement of the opening edge is attached such that a thickening of the opening edge of the body shell towards at least one of the outer sides is formed in the corners by a non-removable connection between the body shell and a reinforcement device, which is introduced in each corner, in particular at least congruently with the curved area. The invention further relates to a body shell and a vehicle comprising the body shell.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a bodyshell, in particular a side wall and / or a vehicle door, for receiving a window for a vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1, a method for producing the bodyshell according to claim 7 and a vehicle comprising the bodyshell according to claim 15.

[0002] It is well known that vehicles, especially rail vehicles, have windows and doors equipped with windows. In rail vehicles in particular, it is known that to accommodate a pane of such a (door) window, rubber clamps are attached to a body shell, creating a rubber clamp frame into which the pane is then inserted.

[0003] In order to mount panes with a rubber clamping frame of the type described, it is necessary according to the state of the art that the interface to the rubber clamping frame on the shell side has a constant thickness, see Figure 1 .

[0004] To date, this has been solved either by locally thickening the shell with a second sheet metal all the way around, as shown in Figure 2, or by maintaining a constant thickness across the entire sidewall (not shown). Thickening with sheet metal has the disadvantage of increasing the risk of crevice corrosion, while maintaining a constant thickness across the entire sidewall means that the weight potential of the structure cannot be fully absorbed.

[0005] The object underlying the invention is therefore to provide a solution that overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art, in particular the technical object is to provide a solution that ensures optimized properties of bodyshells in vehicles, preferably in rail vehicles.

[0006] The object is achieved according to the invention by the shell, in particular a side wall and / or a vehicle door, for receiving a window for a vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1 by its characterizing features, by the method for producing the shell, in particular a side wall and / or a vehicle door, for receiving a window for a vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle, and the vehicle according to the generic term of claim 15, by its features.

[0007] In the shell according to the invention, in particular a side wall and / or a vehicle door of a vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle, having at least one opening for the insertion of a window pane by means of a rubber clamping frame, wherein the opening has a plurality, in particular three or four, curved corners and the opening edge is designed for the installation of at least one clamping rubber, the opening edge is designed such that at least in the corners a reinforcement of the opening edge is formed such that in the corners a thickening of the opening edge of the shell towards at least one of the outer sides, in particular having a value from a value range between 2 to 6 mm, is formed by a non-detachable connection between the shell and a reinforcing device which is introduced in each corner, in particular at least congruent with the curved region.

[0008] The shell according to the invention thus provides reinforced corners for a (door) window lower chord assembly that are stable, have the necessary strength, and also take into account the dimensional properties inherent in (door) windows. The invention also provides reinforcement that essentially runs all the way around the corners, so that the straight side wall sections remain reinforcement-free. This measure prevents the risk of crevice corrosion, which can occur with typical reinforcement of metal frames by adding additional sheets. Furthermore, it can reduce both the number and cost of additional sheets required.

[0009] A value range of 2 to 6 mm appears to be a suitable range for common use. However, the invention is not limited to this; rather, other value range pairs may appear more suitable, for example, due to technical advances, other parameters or requirements for the bodyshell, and / or other changed framework conditions, as long as they ensure, in particular, that the rubber clamp is pulled up and that the rubber clamp provides an optimal clamping effect. They are therefore also encompassed by the invention within the scope of protection defined by the claims. In particular, the size of the stated value range limits can also vary by the stated values, in particular by fractions of a millimeter.

[0010] According to the method according to the invention for producing a shell, in particular a side wall and / or a vehicle door, of a vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle, having at least one opening for the insertion of a window pane by means of a rubber clamping frame, wherein the opening has a plurality, in particular three or four, curved corners and the opening edge is designed for the installation of at least one clamping rubber, the opening edge is formed in such a way that at least in the corners a reinforcement of the opening edge is applied in such a way that in the corners a thickening of the opening edge of the shell towards at least one of the outer sides is formed by a non-detachable connection between the shell and a reinforcing device which is introduced in each corner, in particular at least congruent with the curved region.

[0011] The method according to the invention is characterized in that it provides the shell according to the invention as a result and thus contributes to the realization of the aforementioned advantages.

[0012] The vehicle according to the invention, in particular a rail vehicle, is characterized in that it comprises a bodyshell according to the invention and / or one or more of the developments of the bodyshell.

[0013] The advantages inherent in the bodyshell and its manufacturing process are most advantageous when used in vehicles, as this is where they can most advantageously contribute the stability and strength properties.

[0014] Further advantageous embodiments and developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

[0015] According to a further development of the invention, the shell, at least in the region of the opening edge, and the reinforcing device are made of identical material, in particular metal.

[0016] If the shell and reinforcement are made of an identical material, this has the advantage that the same material properties can be used for the entire frame construction.

[0017] This design also generally simplifies the selection of the most suitable type of permanent connection, for example, because both elements react physically in the same way. Choosing metal as the material takes advantage of its excellent processing properties, strength, and stability.

[0018] In a further development of the shell according to the invention, the non-detachable connection is designed as a welded connection, in particular produced by laser welding.

[0019] This design is particularly advantageous for metals, and its stability and strength properties support the optimization according to the invention in this regard. Laser welding is a further improvement in terms of these properties and also features extremely fine weld seams, which is beneficial for further processing and the installation of the clamping rubbers, but also offers less surface area for corrosion and thus also supports the optimization according to the invention in this regard.

[0020] According to a further alternative or supplementary development of the shell according to the invention, the shell is formed from different materials, at least in the area of ​​the opening edge, and the reinforcement device.

[0021] This further development can be advantageous if the optimization according to the invention can be further improved in the corners by reinforcement using materials different from the opening edge, so that possible disadvantages, which may arise from a restriction on the choice of the type of non-detachable connection, can be avoided.

[0022] The shell according to the invention can alternatively or additionally also be designed in such a way that the non-detachable connection is designed as an adhesive bond or by integrally forming the opening frame.

[0023] Bonding by adhesive bonding can be the preferred method for creating a permanent connection, particularly when different materials are used. A one-piece molding can be used when the same materials are used and can be advantageous because it essentially eliminates an extra step for the connection, as well as the materials and energy that would otherwise be required, because a one-piece molding inherently results in a permanent connection. Any manufacturing process that results in a one-piece product is conceivable, provided the product supports the stability, strength, and dimensioning advantages of the invention.

[0024] Preferably, the shell according to the invention can be further developed in such a way that the reinforcing device is introduced in such a way that it tapers in the two directions leading away from the apex of the curvature in such a way that the thickness corresponds to the thickness of the straight sections of the opening frame, in particular is 1.8 mm, wherein the tapered end, in particular near the beginning of the curvature, is placed in such a way that the installation of a clamping rubber on the opening edge, in particular carried out by manual pulling, is optimized with regard to the effort required for installation and the maximum holding force at the end point of installation.

[0025] This simplifies the installation of the rubber clamp while maintaining the assembly specifications, especially stability. A lubricant, such as a grease fitting, can be used to improve installation.

[0026] The method according to the invention can be further developed in such a way that the shell, at least in the region of the opening edge, and the reinforcement device are formed from identical material, in particular from metal.

[0027] During production, the use of identical material simplifies the production of a non-detachable connection, whereby the use of metal with its properties in particular supports the optimizations according to the invention.

[0028] In a further development of the method according to the invention, the non-detachable connection is designed as a welded connection, in particular produced by laser welding.

[0029] This is particularly advantageous when using metals, where laser welding simplifies the further process steps and particularly supports the advantages of the invention, i.e. the optimizations achieved, and leads to a result that offers less surface area for corrosion.

[0030] The method according to the invention can further be developed alternatively or additionally in such a way that the shell, at least in the region of the opening edge, and the reinforcement device are formed from different materials.

[0031] The use of reinforcement made of a different material may, for example, be necessary or advantageous if this can increase the stability, strength and / or dimensioning advantages to such an extent that any disadvantages resulting from moving away from identical materials can be accepted.

[0032] Alternatively or additionally, according to a further development of the method according to the invention, the non-detachable connection can be designed as an adhesive bond or by integrally forming the opening frame.

[0033] Bonding will be particularly advantageous in manufacturing based on different materials, while one-piece molding can lead to savings in manufacturing steps.

[0034] According to a preferred development of the method according to the invention, the method can be developed such that the reinforcing device is introduced such that it tapers in the two directions leading away from the apex of the curvature such that the thickness corresponds to the thickness of the straight sections of the opening frame, in particular is 1.8 mm, wherein the tapered end, in particular near the start of the curvature, is placed such that the installation of a clamping rubber on the opening edge, in particular carried out by manual pulling, is optimized with regard to the effort required for installation and maximum holding force at the end point of installation.

[0035] If the shell is constructed in this way, the step of applying the clamping rubber is simplified, as the ramping can bridge differences in the thickness of the opening frame compared to the reinforced corners. The thicknesses mentioned here, 1.8 mm and 3-4 mm, correspond to common boundary values ​​for an opening frame and promising values ​​for reinforcement that ensures sufficient stability. Of course, other values ​​and value pairs can be used. These can be determined, for example, by the type of manufacturing, the materials used, field experience, and / or optimization methods, such as simulation.

[0036] The method according to the invention can further be advantageously developed in such a way that the reinforcement is formed by at least one curved edged sheet.

[0037] This is a preferred variant when using metallic frames, which are also inexpensive to manufacture and purchase.

[0038] According to a further alternative or additional development of the method according to the invention, the curvature of the edged sheet is produced by rolling, wherein in such a case the edged sheet is only laser welded after rolling.

[0039] This contributes, in particular, to better stability in the final construct.

[0040] Based on the Figure 1 and Figure 2 The prior art shown are exemplary embodiments of the arrangement according to the invention and the method according to the invention, which - as an exemplary embodiment of the vehicle according to the invention - lead to a body shell for a rail vehicle, for example in the Figure 3 and Figure 4 and are explained in more detail in the following description. It shows the Figure 1 shows the clamping of a disc with clamping rubbers as is known from the prior art, Figure 2 shows an opening frame for receiving the clamping rubber(s) according to Figure 1 , which is completely reinforced all around, Figure 3 shows an embodiment of the shell according to the invention for a rail vehicle, which is used in a rail vehicle selected as an embodiment of the vehicle according to the invention, and shows the reinforced corners according to the invention, and Figure 4 shows an embodiment of a method step for producing a shell for receiving a pane, which is used in a rail vehicle selected as an embodiment of the vehicle according to the invention.

[0041] Corresponding parts are provided with the same reference numerals in all figures.

[0042] In particular, the following embodiments merely show exemplary implementation possibilities of how such implementations of the teaching according to the invention could look like, since it is impossible and also not expedient or necessary for understanding the invention to name all these implementation possibilities.

[0043] In particular, a (relevant) person skilled in the art, with knowledge of the method claim(s) as well as the claims relating to the bodyshell and the vehicle, will of course be aware of all the possibilities customary in the prior art for implementing the invention, so that in particular there is no need for a separate disclosure in the description.

[0044] For a better understanding of the initial situation of the shell according to the invention, in particular a side wall and / or a vehicle door, for receiving a window for a vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle, the method for producing the shell and the vehicle comprising the shell, Figure 1 A sectional drawing shows how a pane of GLASS is fixed in a shell RB according to the state of the art by means of a clamping rubber KG.

[0045] To ensure that the glass pane or the rubber clamp KG is mounted stably and firmly and also provides the stability and strength of the arrangement including the glass pane, the state of the art technology is used, which is Figure 2 The procedure described is common.

[0046] It is schematically indicated that the shell RB from Figure 1 is provided with a reinforcement as an overlap RB_V in such a way that it runs around the entire opening ÖN of the shell RB according to the state of the art.

[0047] In order to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art mentioned in the introduction to the description, the shell according to the invention, in particular a side wall and / or a vehicle door, for receiving a window for a vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle, a method for producing the shell and a vehicle comprising the shell are used for the purpose of Figure 3 an embodiment is also shown schematically.

[0048] What can be seen here is an opening ÖN* resulting from the invention, which differs from the opening known from the prior art in that it is enclosed by a shell RB* according to the invention, which, in contrast to the shell RB known from the prior art, does not have a completely circumferential reinforcement of the edge of the opening ÖN* according to the invention, but has reinforcements in the corners.

[0049] For simplification, only the bottom left corner is selected and an enlarged section of it is shown next to the complete representation of the shell RB* according to the invention.

[0050] In this section, it can be seen from the schematic indication that a curved part, for example a curved edged sheet or flat part with ramps KB, is inserted in the corner and is non-detachably connected to the straight parts of the edge of the opening ÖN* according to the invention.

[0051] In the illustrated embodiment, this non-detachable connection is - as a method step of an embodiment of the method according to the invention - a laser weld, which - as a method step according to the embodiment of the method - is carried out after rolling the edged sheet KB.

[0052] It is also schematically indicated that this edged sheet or flat part with ramps KB has a ramp AR on both sides of the curve, which starts with the thickness of the straight parts of the edge of the opening ÖN* according to the invention, 1.8 cm in the exemplary embodiment shown, and ramps up towards the apex of the curvature of the edged sheet KB up to the reinforcement thickness in the curved area of ​​the edged sheet KB, in the exemplary embodiment shown in a range of 3 to 4 cm, so that a clamping rubber KG can be easily pulled on.

[0053] The start and end points of the ramp, as well as their thicknesses, may be chosen differently, for example due to (failed) attempts and / or (other) optimization procedures.

[0054] In other words, the embodiment shown creates a "tailored blank" side wall by welding thicker sheets into the corners subject to higher loads using laser welding.

[0055] In Figure 4 The ramp AR is shown somewhat larger and spatially as part of the shell RB* according to the invention.

[0056] It can be seen how, along a short part of the edge of the opening ÖN* according to the invention, which adjoins the curvature, the thickness tapers from a value of between 3 and 4 cm at the end of the curvature in the direction away from the apex of the curvature of the edged sheet KB to a thickness of 1.8 cm.

[0057] With these measures and possibly with the help of lubricants, you can then, as in the Figure 4 Pull on the clamping rubber KG as shown.

[0058] In other words, the edge plates KB according to the embodiment of the invention are designed in such a way that they compensate for the differences in thickness via a ramp in such a way that, on the one hand, the functionality of the rubber clamping frame is guaranteed and, on the other hand, the strength and stability requirements in the area of ​​high loads are taken into account.

[0059] The folded sheet can be created, for example, by milling an original sheet of the same thickness all the way around, and then the ramp and the normal thickness area can be created by removing material. The reinforcement device would therefore be the remaining material that makes the areas thicker than the rest.

[0060] This makes it possible to design the shell to meet the load requirements and to take into account that the window corners and door corners are usually the determining factors.

[0061] All described and / or illustrated features can be advantageously combined with one another within the scope of the invention. The invention is not limited to the described embodiments, but encompasses all such advantageous combinations that fall within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. Bodyshell (RB), in particular a side wall and / or a vehicle door, of a vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle, having at least one opening (ÖN) for the insertion of a window pane by means of a rubber clamping frame, the opening having a plurality of, in particular three or four, curved corners and the edge of the opening being designed for mounting at least one clamping rubber (KG), characterized in that the edge of the opening is designed such that a respective reinforcement of the edge of the opening is formed at least in the corners, in such a way that a thickening (AR), in particular having a value ranging between 2 and 6 mm, of the edge of the opening of the bodyshell towards at least one of the outer sides is formed in the corners by way of a non-detachable connection between the bodyshell and a reinforcement device which has been introduced in each corner in particular at least congruently with the curved region.

2. Bodyshell according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the bodyshell, at least in the region of the edge of the opening, is made of the same material, in particular metal, as the reinforcement device.

3. Bodyshell according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the non-detachable connection is in the form of a welded connection, in particular a welded connection created by laser welding.

4. Bodyshell according to Claim 1, characterized in that the bodyshell, at least in the region of the edge of the opening, is made of a different material than the reinforcement device.

5. Bodyshell according to one of the preceding processes, characterized in that the non-detachable connection is in the form of an adhesive bond or formed by integral shaping, such as milling of a part, of the opening frame.

6. Bodyshell according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reinforcement device is introduced such that it tapers in the two directions going away from the apex of the curvature, in such a way that the thickness dimension corresponds to the thickness of the straight portions of the opening frame, in particular is 1.8 mm, with the end of the tapering, in particular close to the start of the curvature, being placed such that the mounting of a clamping rubber on the edge of the opening, which is carried out in particular by manually drawing it onto the edge of the opening, is optimized in terms of the expenditure of force for the mounting and a maximum holding force at the end point of the mounting.

7. Process for producing a bodyshell (RB), in particular a side wall and / or a vehicle door, of a vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle, having at least one opening (ÖN) for the insertion of a window pane by means of a rubber clamping frame, the opening having a plurality of, in particular three or four, curved corners and the edge of the opening being designed for mounting at least one clamping rubber (KG), characterized in that the edge of the opening is formed such that a respective reinforcement of the edge of the opening is applied at least in the corners, in such a way that a thickening (AR) of the edge of the opening of the bodyshell towards at least one of the outer sides is formed in the corners by way of a non-detachable connection between the bodyshell and a reinforcement device which has been introduced in each corner in particular at least congruently with the curved region.

8. Process according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the bodyshell, at least in the region of the edge of the opening, is made of the same material, in particular metal, as the reinforcement device.

9. Process according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the non-detachable connection is in the form of a welded connection, in particular a welded connection created by laser welding.

10. Process according to Claim 7, characterized in that the bodyshell, at least in the region of the edge of the opening, is made of a different material than the reinforcement device.

11. Process according to one of Claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the non-detachable connection is in the form of an adhesive bond or formed by integral shaping, such as milling of parts, of the opening frame.

12. Process according to one of Claims 7 to 11, characterized in that the reinforcement device is introduced such that it tapers in the two directions going away from the apex of the curvature, in such a way that the thickness dimension corresponds to the thickness of the straight portions of the opening frame, in particular is 1.8 mm, with the end of the tapering, in particular close to the start of the curvature, being placed such that the mounting of a clamping rubber on the edge of the opening, which is carried out in particular by manually drawing it onto the edge of the opening, is optimized in terms of the expenditure of force for the mounting and a maximum holding force at the end point of the mounting.

13. Process according to one of Claims 7 to 12, characterized in that the reinforcement is formed by at least one curved metal sheet.

14. Process according to Claim 13, characterized in that the curvature of the curved metal sheet is created by rolling, the curved metal sheet being laser welded only after being rolled.

15. Vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle, comprising a bodyshell according to one of Claims 1 to 6.

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