The invention discloses a novel rail car air duct module integration structure. According to the technical scheme, the novel rail car air duct module integration structure comprises an air duct module, a middle top plate, a ventilating grid, a lighting device and a side top plate. The upper side of the air duct module is fixedly connected with a car body frame, the upper end of the inner side of the air duct module is fixedly connected with the middle top plate, the ventilating grid is arranged on the lower side of the middle top plate, and the outer side of the ventilating grid is fixedly connected with the air duct module. The lighting device is arranged on the lower side of the ventilating grid, and the upper end and the lower end of the lighting device are both fixedly connected with the air duct module. The side top plate is arranged on the lower side of the lighting device, the upper end of the side top plate is fixedly connected with the air duct module, the outer side of the lower end of the side top plate is fixedly connected with a side wall frame, and the side wall frame is fixedly connected with the car body frame. The air duct module, the middle top plate, the side topplate, the ventilating grid and the lighting device are installed in an integrated mode, then the air duct module is installed on the car body frame, the complexity degree of the car body structure is lowered, and the structure is easy and convenient to install and convenient to maintain.