Interface for connecting partial shafts in a functional unit, functional unit, and machine tool
Patent Information
- Application Number
- EP2023719687
- Authority / Receiving Office
- EP · EP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2022-04-26
- Filing Date
- 2023-04-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-05
Smart Images
Figure 1.1
Abstract
Description
[0001] INTERFACE FOR CONNECTING SUBSHAFTS IN A FUNCTIONAL UNIT, FUNCTIONAL UNIT AND MACHINE TOOL
[0002] The present invention relates to an interface for connecting partial shafts in an external module or in a machine tool, wherein the partial shafts are part of a functional unit for providing a microhammering or impact function. This microhammering function can be achieved either by a special design of the machine tool ("integrated" solution) or by providing an external module between the machine tool and its tool ("module solution"). Microhammering generates impact movements that overlay a pure rotary movement of the machine tool's tool and can thus, for example, increase the drilling force of the machine tool. The functional unit has cam disks, one of which is fixed to the shaft and the other to the housing.In other words, one of the cam discs can be arranged on a shaft device of the external module or the machine tool, while the other cam disc is arranged on the housing of the external module or the machine tool. The cam discs can be configured or interact in such a way that an impact motion is generated, which can be superimposed on the rotational movement of the tool of the machine tool. In further aspects, the invention relates to a functional unit and a machine tool.
[0003] Background of the invention:
[0004] In the field of machine tools, drilling rigs, especially core drilling rigs, are known for cutting essentially cylindrical cores from the subsurface to be processed. Such drilling rigs often have a so-called core bit as their tool, which is driven by a motor in the drilling rig to rotate. Such a drilling rig may have a mechanical transmission unit to operate the drilling rig in various gears and power ranges.
[0005] To increase the working power of such drilling rigs, drilling rigs have been proposed in the prior art that feature an additional percussion mechanism designed to generate percussive movements and impart them to the pure rotary motion of the drilling rig. The result is usually a superimposed movement of rotary and percussive motion, which can be used to work the subsoil.
[0006] A disadvantage of these well-known drilling rigs with integrated impact mechanisms, however, is that they often have a one-piece shaft assembly, which can place high loads on the shaft assembly's bearings. This can potentially lead to critical stresses on the bearings and the gear teeth of the spur gears. This can lead to bearing damage and high maintenance costs for the machine tool.
[0007] The object underlying the present invention is to overcome the above-described deficiencies and disadvantages of the prior art and to provide a technical solution for generating percussive movements that can be superimposed on the rotary movement of a tool of a machine tool. The solution should be simple and convenient for the user to use and handle. Furthermore, mechanical impairments of the machine tool, the maintenance effort for the machine tool, and the transmission of vibrations to the user or any drill stand used should be reduced.
[0008] The problem is solved by the subject matter of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments of the subject matter of the independent claims can be found in the dependent claims.
[0009] Description of the invention:
[0010] According to the invention, an interface for connecting partial shafts in a functional unit is provided, wherein the functional unit is designed to generate an impact movement S. The functional unit comprises a first cam disk and a second cam disk, wherein the first cam disk is connected to a shaft device and the second cam disk is fixedly connected to a housing. The first cam disk and the second cam disk cooperate to generate the impact movement S, wherein the functional unit is designed to superimpose the impact movement S on the rotary movement D of a tool of a machine tool. The shaft device comprises a first partial shaft and a second partial shaft, wherein the first partial shaft and the second partial shaft can be connected to one another via the interface. The interface for connecting partial shafts can preferably also be referred to as a shaft interface.In one embodiment of the invention, an interface for connecting partial shafts in a functional unit is provided, wherein impact movements can be generated with the functional unit. The functional unit can interact with a machine tool having a tool, wherein the tool of the machine tool is designed to execute a rotary movement. The impact movements can be superimposed on the rotary movement of the tool of the machine tool. The functional unit can be part of an external module ("module solution"), wherein the external module can be attached to a machine tool, or the functional unit can be integrated into a machine tool ("integrated" solution).
[0011] According to the invention, it is preferred that the first cam disc of the functional unit is designed as a shaft-fixed cam disc, i.e. is connected to a shaft device of the functional unit, while the second cam disc of the external module is designed as a housing-fixed cam disc, in that the second cam disc is fixedly connected to the housing of the external module or the machine tool. According to the invention, it is preferred that the first cam disc is fixedly connected to the shaft device in the rotational or tangential direction, while the second cam disc is fixedly connected to the housing in the rotational or tangential direction. The shaft device and the first cam disc are preferably designed to be movable in the axial direction, with the shaft device and the first cam disc preferably moving together, i.e. jointly, between stops orcan move back and forth within a certain, designated range. The movable design of the shaft device and the first cam preferably enables the axial stroke movements of the first cam disc and the shaft device, which generate the impact movements.
[0012] One advantage of the invention is that the functional unit can be used to convert a pure rotary movement of the machine tool into a superimposed rotary and impact movement. If the functional unit is designed as an external module, the user of the machine tool can decide, depending on the application to be performed, whether or not they want to use the external module to generate an impact movement. In other words, the user can use the external module to enable a conventional machine tool, which is designed to generate only a rotary movement, to generate a superimposed rotary and impact movement. The external module can thus be used as a retrofit option for conventional machine tools without an impact function, whereby this retrofitting can advantageously upgrade the machine tool to generate a combined rotary and impact movement.This allows for a particularly flexible work and tool system. In particular, the user can use the external module for different machine tools, allowing, for example, an entire fleet of machine tools to be equipped to perform a superimposed rotary and percussive motion. Furthermore, the user no longer needs to bring two different drilling rigs (with and without percussive function) to a construction site when drilling; instead, it is sufficient to carry one drilling rig and the external module.
[0013] The superposition of the rotary motion of the machine tool's tool with the impact motion generated by the functional unit is preferably also referred to in the context of the invention as "imposing or impressing an impact motion onto an existing rotary motion of a machine tool or its tool." The impact motions or impacts are preferably referred to as "microhammering." Thus, the invention can, in particular, provide a microhammering function. By using the functional unit, the user of the machine tool is exposed to less stress from the impacts, since vibrations and impacts can be absorbed by components of the external module and thus significantly reduced.If the functional unit is designed as an external module, parts of the external module's housing can be made of plastic or be formed from plastic, so that these plastic components are more elastic than the steel components and can absorb shocks and vibrations. In addition, additional damping elements can be provided between the external module and the machine tool to further reduce shocks and vibrations for the user or the drill stand.
[0014] In addition, different lubricants can be used in the machine tool and the functional unit. This ensures particularly good lubrication of the system and effective protection of the system components against wear.
[0015] The ability to provide a microhammering function makes it possible, in particular, to dispense with the use of rinsing or cooling water when operating the machine tool. This can significantly reduce the level of contamination on a construction site. It can also be used, for example, to carry out core drilling in locations or areas of the construction site where there is no water supply or in areas where the use of rinsing or cooling water is not permitted. This can be the case, for example, in the area of absorbent building materials such as plaster or cardboard, or in sensitive building types such as hospitals or the like, or near electrical installations such as server rooms or control cabinets. Furthermore, working with the machine tool can be made safer, as the combination of electricity and water on a construction site can pose a safety risk.The invention can enable “dry drilling” on a construction site by eliminating the use of flushing or cooling water, which is a significant advantage of the invention.
[0016] The impact movements, which in the context of the present invention are preferably also referred to as “impacts,” make working with the machine tool significantly more efficient. The machine tool can be designed, for example, as a drilling device or as a core drilling device. The tool of the machine tool can then be, for example, a core bit, with which cylindrical drill cores can be cut out of a substrate to be machined. Such drilling devices can, for example, operate with an essentially static, i.e. constant, drilling force. Such a drilling force can, for example, be in the range of 1,000 Newtons (N). The drilling devices and their components are also designed for these drilling forces, i.e. a user can work with this essentially static drilling force without having to fear damage to or mechanical impairments of the machine tool or its components.
[0017] Advantageously, the invention allows the drilling force to be significantly increased by means of micro-impacts, so that work can be performed more quickly and efficiently with a machine tool that has a functional unit for generating impacts. This increase in the preferably essentially axially acting drilling force is also referred to in the context of the invention as "increasing the axial drilling force."
[0018] The invention can generate an impact motion that can be superimposed on a rotary motion of a tool of a machine tool. The impact motion preferably represents a substantially axial impact motion, preferably oriented along a shaft running centrally within the system or along a central device axis of a machine tool. The impact motion is preferably generated by an alternating axial stroke between the two cam disks of the functional unit, wherein the alternating axial stroke is advantageously capable of transmitting a substantially axial drilling force to the tool of the machine tool.
[0019] In the sense of the invention, it is preferred that an input variable for the functional unit is essentially a pure rotary movement of the machine tool or its tool. This pure rotary movement can be superimposed by the micro-impacts, so that a mixed rotary and impact movement is generated with which a substrate can be machined. The rotary movement of the machine tool can be transmitted from the shaft device of the machine tool to the tool holder and / or the tool of the machine tool, wherein preferably a torque is also transmitted from the machine tool to its tool at the same time. The external module for generating impact movements, which can be superimposed on the pure rotary movement of the machine tool, can be present between the machine tool and its tool.If the functional unit is designed as an integrated functional unit and as a component of the machine tool, this transmission of rotary motion and / or torque can be carried out particularly easily and with low losses.
[0020] A further advantage of the invention when the functional unit is designed as an external module is that, by providing an external module, the location at which the impact movement is generated is separated from the other components of the machine tool, in particular the sensitive gear components. This spatial separation of impact generation and machine tool allows the components of the machine tool to be particularly well protected from mechanical stress. Furthermore, the spatial separation makes it possible to use different lubricants in the external module and in the machine tool. If, for example, a gearbox, in particular a manual gearbox, is used in the machine tool, the requirements for the lubricant to be used can differ significantly from the lubricant requirements required by the impact mechanism of the external module.Due to the spatial separation, lubricants that are optimally tailored to the respective application can be used in the machine tool and the external module, without the risk of these lubricants mixing undesirably. This can significantly increase or extend the performance and service life of the machine tool, the external module, and their respective components. This is particularly advantageous because it eliminates the need for complex seals, which are common in integrated solutions for impact mechanisms in machine tools. Furthermore, it has been shown that stress on the other gear components of the machine tool caused by abrasion or abrasion particles can be significantly reduced.
[0021] A further advantage of the invention when the functional unit is designed as an external module is that, due to the spatial separation and the provision of the external module, vibrations and impacts from the machine tool's tool are transmitted to the user to a lesser extent. The user often holds the machine tool in their hands, whereby the machine tool can have one or two handles for this purpose in a known manner. By being able to "interpose" the external module between the tool and the machine tool, the transmission of vibrations that occur during operation of the machine tool's tool is made significantly more difficult. This significantly relieves strain on the user's joints, particularly the wrists, or alternatively, the user can work with the machine tool for longer periods without reaching vibration or stress limits.The invention thus also contributes to the health protection of the user of the machine tool to which an external module for generating impact is attached.
[0022] According to the invention, it is preferred that the cam discs each have at least one structural element, wherein the structural elements generate an alternating axial stroke during a rotational relative movement of the first cam disc and the second cam disc. The structural elements can be designed, for example, as protruding ramps or as inwardly projecting ramps. The cam discs preferably each have a surface on which the structural elements can be arranged. According to the invention, it is particularly preferred that the cam discs are designed to be substantially the same or identical with regard to their surfaces.In the sense of the invention, this preferably means that the surfaces of the cam disks that face each other during operation of the machine tool have the same number of structural elements, wherein the structural elements are designed essentially the same or similarly and are arranged at essentially corresponding locations and positions. The cam disks preferably have essentially the same or identical profiles. For example, 5 to 50 structural elements can be provided on one cam disk. In preferred embodiments of the invention, the cam disks can each have 10 to 30 and particularly preferably 15 to 20 structural elements. For example, 17 structural elements can be arranged on the cam disks, wherein tests have shown that particularly uniform and effective impacts can be generated when using cam disks with 17 structural elements.The structural elements can preferably be arranged uniformly on a circumference of the cam discs.
[0023] If the structural elements are ramp-shaped, the structural elements can comprise an inclined plane that extends, including an angle of inclination, between a lowest point and a highest point of the structural element. A height difference between the lowest point and the highest point of the structural elements can, for example, be in a range of 0.1 to 3 mm. Preferably, the height difference can be in a range of 0.3 to 1 mm or, more preferably, approximately 0.5 mm. Height differences of 0.35 or 0.65 mm have also proven particularly suitable for generating an axial stroke with which an effective impact movement can be generated.
[0024] The cam discs are mounted in the functional unit with surfaces facing each other, with the structural elements arranged on the surfaces of the cam discs. The surfaces of the cam discs are pressed against each other during a rotational relative movement of the first and second cam discs, creating a "chattering" movement with recurring axial stroke.
[0025] The structural elements can preferably be designed as inwardly directed recesses or depressions, for example, in the shape of an inwardly directed ramp. However, within the meaning of the invention, it may also be preferred for the structural elements to be designed as projecting elements that protrude from the base surfaces of the cam discs.
[0026] It is within the meaning of the invention that the structural elements of one cam disc are traversed by the structural elements of the other cam disc during a rotary relative movement of the cam discs. The rotary movement preferably comes about because the first cam disc can rotate together with the shaft device of the external module, while the second cam disc remains stationary. This results in a rotary relative movement of the cam discs to one another. The axial stroke preferably comes about because the first cam disc, which is preferably designed to be movable in the axial direction, follows the course of the structural elements of the second cam disc in the axial direction. As a result, the first cam disc can be moved or raised in the axial direction. In particular, the first cam disc orthe shaft to which it is attached is displaced in the direction of the machine tool by this axial stroke, so that the tool of the machine tool is raised by a short distance. If the structural elements are ramp-shaped and comprise an inclined plane, the first cam disk follows the course of these inclined planes. Preferably, the cam disk can jump from the highest point back to the lowest point of the preferably ramp-shaped structural element, resulting in a small jump of the first cam disk in the axial direction. Preferably, this small jump of the first cam disk is preferably referred to as an “axial stroke” in the sense of the invention. The jump of the first cam disk can be transmitted to the tool of the machine tool via the shaft device.
[0027] The preferably sudden fall of the first cam from the highest to the lowest point of the structural elements generates the impact motion, which can then be transmitted as the impact motion of the machine tool to the surface being machined. The impact motion represents, in particular, an impact pulse that can be superimposed on the rotary motion of the machine tool. The impact pulse is generated, in particular, by the first cam coming into contact with or landing on the surface of the second cam after its jump.
[0028] It is preferred within the meaning of the invention that the above-described axial lifting movement of the first cam disc also causes the shaft of the functional unit to undergo such an axial movement. This is advantageously achieved in that the shaft is rigidly connected to the first cam disc. The first cam disc can therefore also be referred to as a “shaft-fixed cam disc”, while the second cam disc is fixedly connected to the housing of the external module or the machine tool, i.e. is particularly “housing-fixed”. It is particularly preferred within the meaning of the invention that the cam discs are pressed against or onto one another by the drilling force and slide rotationally onto one another due to the rotary movement of the module shaft.Preferably, the preferably movable first cam disc moves on the preferably stationary second cam disc, so that a relative movement between the cam discs comprises in particular a movement of the first cam disc on the second cam disc.
[0029] According to the invention, it is preferred that the impact movement that can be generated by the functional unit has a higher frequency than the rotational movement of the machine tool and / or its tool. The axial stroke preferably has a higher frequency than the rotational movement of the machine tool or its tool. According to the invention, this means that the impact movement generated by the functional unit has a higher frequency than the existing rotational movement of the machine tool. In other words, the functional unit is designed to generate a number of impacts per unit of time, wherein this number of impacts is greater than a number of revolutions of the tool of the machine tool per the same unit of time. According to the invention, this preferably means that more impact movements are generated per unit of time than rotational movements of the tool of the machine tool take place.The impact movements can thus preferably be generated by a higher-frequency axial stroke. According to the invention, it is preferred that the functional unit has an extension of the shaft device. The shaft device of the external module, which is connected to the first, "shaft-fixed" cam disk of the external module, can also be referred to as a "module shaft," "gearbox output shaft," or "shaft" according to the invention, whereby these terms are used synonymously in the context of the present invention.
[0030] The shaft device of the functional unit has two partial shafts. Preferably, one of the partial shafts of the functional unit is designed to be movable in the axial direction. According to the invention, it is preferred that the first cam disc of the functional unit is arranged on the partial shaft designed to be movable in the axial direction, so that the first cam disc is also designed to be movable in the axial direction. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the first cam disc is connected in particular to the first partial shaft of the shaft device, so that the first cam disc can preferably rotate together with the first partial shaft of the shaft device.
[0031] The second partial shaft can preferably represent an extension of the shaft device of the functional unit in the direction of the machine tool. In an alternative formulation, the second partial shaft of the shaft device of the functional unit can also represent an extension of the shaft device of the machine tool into the functional unit. It is preferred within the meaning of the invention that the second partial shaft can also be referred to as the “input shaft of the functional unit”, wherein the second partial shaft can be screwed onto a shaft device or gearbox output shaft of the machine tool. The second partial shaft therefore preferably represents an extension of the shaft device or the gearbox output shaft of the machine tool. The second partial shaft of the shaft device of the functional unit can thus preferably also be referred to as a gearbox output shaft extension.Its task is, in particular, to establish a connection between the functional unit and the machine tool, wherein the connection between the functional unit and the machine tool is mediated in particular by a connection between the second partial shaft of the shaft device of the external module and the shaft device of the machine tool ("gearbox output shaft"). The first partial shaft of the functional unit can preferably be referred to as the "output shaft of the functional unit."
[0032] According to the invention, it is preferred that the first partial shaft can be inserted into a cavity in the second partial shaft. The first partial shaft can have an insertion end in a rear region, with which it can be inserted into the cavity of the second partial shaft. In other words, the output shaft of the functional unit can be inserted into a cavity in the input shaft of the functional unit, wherein the output shaft and the input shaft together preferably form the shaft device of the functional unit. When connected, the first and the second partial shaft can rotate with one another, i.e. they are connected to one another in such a way that a rotational movement of one of the two shaft parts ensures that the other shaft part also rotates. According to the invention, it is preferred that both partial shafts of the shaft device perform a common rotational movement.This common rotary movement and the associated torque transmission is preferably made possible by contours and counter-contours that correspond to one another on the two partial shafts or on the output shaft and on the input shaft of the shaft device of the functional unit.
[0033] Of course, the partial shafts can also be designed such that the second partial shaft has a cavity for receiving a shank end of the first partial shaft. The first partial shaft can then be inserted into the cavity of the second partial shaft to connect the partial shafts to each other so that they can perform a common rotary movement.
[0034] The mounting of the first partial shaft in the second partial shaft advantageously also enables axial mobility of the first partial shaft. According to the invention, it is preferred that the first partial shaft can move axially, for example, within a range of approximately 2 mm. In other words, the axial range of movement of the first shaft or the output shaft is in a range of approximately 2 mm, wherein the movement of the first partial shaft or the output shaft can be limited by stops within the functional unit. The axial range of movement of the first partial shaft of the shaft device of the functional unit is preferably somewhat greater than the axial stroke generated by the design and relative movement of the cam disks.
[0035] According to the invention, it is preferred that the shaft device of the functional unit, in particular a second partial shaft, is connectable to a shaft device of the machine tool. The shaft device of the machine tool that interacts with the shaft device of the functional unit can in particular be a gearbox output shaft of the machine tool or drilling rig. By connecting the input shaft of the shaft device of the functional unit to the shaft device of the machine tool, a connection between the functional unit and the machine tool can advantageously be established. The connection between the shaft device of the machine tool and the shaft device of the functional unit is preferably made via a first interface. The first interface is in particular designed to connect the second partial shaft of the shaft device of the external module to the shaft device of the machine tool.
[0036] According to the invention, it is preferred that the housing of the functional unit be connectable to a housing of the machine tool. The functional unit preferably has a housing, with one of the cam discs of the functional unit being rigidly connected to the housing. This cam disc is preferably referred to as a housing-fixed or second cam disc. The housing of the functional unit can be axially connected to a housing of the machine tool. The machine tool can, for example, have a gear or motor housing, which is preferably a component of the housing of the machine tool.The connection between the housing of the functional unit and the housing of the machine tool can, for example, be effected via a housing interface, which advantageously provides an additional support function for the housing and can contribute to reducing the transmission of vibrations and impacts to the machine tool and thus to the user.
[0037] Within the meaning of the invention, it is particularly preferred that the housing of the functional unit is axially connected to the gear housing of the machine tool or can be connected to the gear housing of the machine tool. For example, the housing of the functional unit can be connected to the housing of the machine tool via a bearing, wherein this bearing is preferably designed to interact with the extension of the shaft device of the functional unit. In the context of the present invention, it is preferred that the axial or drilling forces that occur are generated by the operation of the machine tool and are increased by the additional impact movement that can be generated with the aid of the functional unit. Such a functional unit can be of particularly simple construction.
[0038] Within the meaning of the invention, it is particularly preferred that, when using the functional unit designed as an external module, both the module input shaft, i.e. the second partial shaft, of the shaft device is connected to the gearbox output shaft of the machine tool, and the housing of the functional unit is axially connected to the gearbox housing of the machine tool. Both the connection of the shaft devices and the connection of the housings of the external module and the machine tool can each be effected via an interface, which within the meaning of the invention are preferably referred to as the first and second interfaces. The second interface can preferably also be referred to as the “housing interface”. Advantageously, this configuration of the connection between the external module and the machine tool can reduce the transmission of drilling forces to the handles of the machine tool. This protects the user and / orhis wrists are considerably protected and longer work with the proposed system consisting of an external module and a machine tool is possible. If the machine tool is a column-guided machine tool which is attached to a drill stand during operation, the invention can reduce the transmission of drilling forces to the drill stand. By reducing the transmission of drilling forces to the drill stand, it is advantageously possible to prevent the mechanical stability of the attachment of the machine tool from being reduced, for example due to vibrations or the like. In addition, the proposed connection between the external module and the machine tool provides particularly effective protection for particularly sensitive components of the machine tool, such as bearings or roller bearings. This can advantageously extend the service life of the machine tool or its maintenance intervals.
[0039] If the functional unit is designed as an external module, the machine tool and the external module are preferably connected to one another via a first interface and a second interface, wherein the first interface is designed to connect the shaft device of the external module to a shaft device of the machine tool and the second interface is designed to connect the housing of the external module to a housing of the machine tool. The first interface can preferably be present in a contact region of the shaft devices of the external module and the machine tool, while the second interface is arranged in a contact region of the housing of the machine tool and the external module. It is very particularly preferred within the meaning of the invention that the first interface is designed to connect the second partial shaft orThe module input shaft of the shaft device of the external module is configured to connect to the shaft device of the machine tool, while the second interface is configured to connect the housings of the external module and the machine tool. The provision of the two interfaces between the machine tool and the external module advantageously prevents force flow via sensitive components of the machine tool, such as its bearings. Furthermore, better support between the external module and the machine tool is achieved.
[0040] Advantageously, by providing two interfaces, the power flow can be directed from the gearbox of the external module to the housing, in particular a gearbox housing, of the machine tool, so that the sensitive components of the machine tool are particularly well protected from damage. Furthermore, by providing two interfaces, an additional option for supporting the external module on the machine tool can be provided.
[0041] It is preferred according to the invention that the housing of the functional unit is mounted on the shaft device as a floating bearing. The housing can preferably be mounted on the second partial shaft of the shaft device via a floating bearing. It is preferred according to the invention that axial over-determination can be prevented by a floating bearing of the housing on the shaft device of the functional unit. In other words, a floating bearing can be provided on the input shaft of the functional unit in order to particularly effectively prevent axial over-determination and the transmission of excessive axial drilling forces to sensitive components of the machine tool. The machine tool can thus be protected from mechanical loads due to excessive stress.
[0042] The shaft device of the functional unit has a first partial shaft and a second partial shaft, wherein the first partial shaft and the second partial shaft can be connected to one another via the interface according to the invention. Preferably, the first partial shaft or the second partial shaft can be stationary in the axial direction, while the respective other partial shaft is movable in the axial direction. The respective other, non-stationary partial shaft can, in contrast, move, in particular in the axial direction, i.e. away from the other partial shaft or towards the other partial shaft. However, within the meaning of the invention, it can be preferred to provide stops which limit the mobility of the non-stationary partial shaft in order to prevent the unit from falling apart.
[0043] It is particularly preferred in the sense of the invention that the first cam disc is fixedly connected to the first partial shaft. The first partial shaft is preferably arranged in a front region of the functional unit, while the second partial shaft is arranged in a rear region of the functional unit. Preferably, the first partial shaft can be connected to a tool holder or a tool of the machine tool, so that the first partial shaft transmits the rotary movement of the machine tool or a torque to its tool. By means of the invention, the rotary movement of the tool can be superimposed on the impact movement generated by the cam discs, so that a superimposed impact and rotary movement is advantageously obtained for the tool of the machine tool. The first partial shaft can preferably represent the non-stationary partial shaft of the external module, which can move in particular in the axial direction, i.e.away from the other partial wave or toward the other partial wave. The stationary partial wave can then be, in particular, the second partial wave.
[0044] The second partial shaft is preferably arranged in a rear region of the external module and can be connected to a shaft device of the machine tool. The shaft device of the machine tool preferably functions as a transmission output shaft and transmits the rotary movement of the motor of the machine tool to the shaft device of the functional unit. The shaft devices of the functional unit and the shaft device of the machine tool can be connected to one another, i.e. in particular screwed, by means of a thread. For this purpose, for example, the second partial shaft of the shaft devices of the functional unit can have an internal thread which interacts with a correspondingly designed external thread of the shaft device of the machine tool to bring about a screw connection between the shaft devices.
[0045] It is preferred within the meaning of the invention that the interface according to the invention is configured to transmit various torques occurring during operation of the machine tool. Furthermore, the interface is designed to permit a preferably axial relative movement of the sub-shafts of the module. This permissible relative movement between the sub-shafts is preferably at least of the order of magnitude of the axial stroke, i.e., an amplitude of the impact movement. In other words, the sub-shafts of the functional unit can move relative to each other at least to the extent that the cam discs do in order to generate the impact movement.
[0046] Within the meaning of the invention, it is particularly preferred that the first cam disc (“shaft-fixed”) is arranged on the movable partial shaft. A significant advantage of the interface or the design of the shaft device comprising two partial shafts is that those components of the machine tool that are arranged on the stationary partial shaft cannot move relative to other gear components of the machine tool in the axial direction. This can significantly reduce wear on components subject to particularly high loads. Furthermore, by providing the interface or due to the two-part design of the shaft device, it is no longer necessary for the toothing of the gears used to be straight-toothed.Rather, helical gears can now also be used, which advantageously increases the flexibility in selecting the gears. Furthermore, the helical gearing can achieve improved smoothness and increased strength. In the sense of the invention, it is preferred that the impact movement S, with which the rotary movement D of the tool of the machine tool can be superimposed, can be switched on and off by moving the cam disks of the functional unit apart in the axial direction so that there is no longer any contact between the cam disks. Preferably, the cam disks can be moved apart by moving the first cam disk away from the second cam disk or by moving the second cam disk away from the first cam disk.
[0047] The cam discs can preferably be moved apart by the first cam disc being moved away from the second cam disc. In the sense of the invention, this preferably means that the second cam disc, which is fixed to the housing, remains stationary and is not moved, while the first cam disc, which is fixed to the shaft, is moved away from the second cam disc in the axial direction. The first cam disc can preferably be moved together with the shaft device of the machine tool. However, in the sense of the invention it can also be preferred for the first cam disc to be moved without the shaft device of the machine tool. The shaft device preferably represents the transmission output shaft of the machine tool. In the sense of the invention it is preferred that the first cam disc is in a first position before being moved away from the second cam disc, in which position the microhammering function is provided.In this first position of the first cam, the first cam and the second cam are preferably in contact with each other, and the contact between the cams or their interaction generates the impact movements that can be superimposed on the pure rotary movement of the machine tool or its tool. This state, in which the first cam is in the first position, is preferably referred to as "microhammering mode" within the meaning of the invention.
[0048] According to the invention, it is preferred that the first cam disc, after being moved away from the second cam disc, is in a second position in which the system executes a substantially pure rotary movement of the tool of the machine tool. In this second position of the first cam disc, the first cam disc and the second cam disc are preferably not in contact with each other, but rather separated from each other. Due to the lack of contact between the cam discs, no more impacts are generated to superimpose the pure rotary movement, so that the machine tool can be operated, for example, like a conventional core drilling machine without a microhammering function. This state, in which the first cam disc is in the second position, is preferably referred to as "rotary movement mode" according to the invention. According to the invention, it is preferred that the first cam disc is moved away from the machine tool, i.e.that a distance between the machine tool and the first cam disc is increased.
[0049] According to the invention, it is preferred that the first cam disk be fixable in a second position with a fastening element. Preferably, the cam disk can be axially fixed in the second position with the fastening element. The fastening element can preferably be configured to adjust or maintain a distance between the first cam disk and other components of the system comprising the external module and the machine tool. For example, the fastening element can be used to adjust a distance between the first cam disk and a bearing on the main shaft.
[0050] It is preferred according to the invention that the cam disks are moved apart by moving the second cam disk away from the first cam disk. This preferably means according to the invention that the first, shaft-fixed cam disk remains stationary and is not moved, while the second, housing-fixed cam disk is moved away from the first cam disk in the axial direction. It is preferred according to the invention that the second cam disk, before moving away from the first cam disk, is in a first position in which the microhammering function is provided. In this first position of the first cam disk, the first cam disk and the second cam disk are preferably in contact with one another, so that the impact movements can be generated to superimpose the rotary movement of the tool of the machine tool (“microhammering mode”).
[0051] According to the invention, it is preferred that the second cam, after moving away from the first cam, be in a second position in which the tool of the machine tool executes a substantially pure rotary motion. In this second position of the first cam, the first cam and the second cam are preferably not in contact with each other, but rather separated from each other ("rotary motion mode").
[0052] It is preferred within the meaning of the invention that the second cam disk is or can be displaced relative to the housing by an actuating element. Preferably, the second cam disk can be displaced together with the housing relative to the machine tool. Within the meaning of the invention, this preferably means that the second cam disk in this embodiment of the invention can be displaced with respect to the shaft device. In a second aspect, the invention relates to a functional unit, wherein the functional unit can be integrated into the machine tool. In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the functional unit can be arranged as an external module between the tool and the machine tool. The terms, definitions and technical advantages introduced for the interface preferably apply analogously to the functional unit.
[0053] In a further aspect, the invention relates to a machine tool with a tool, wherein the tool of the machine tool is designed to execute a rotary movement. The terms, definitions, and technical advantages introduced for the interface and the functional module preferably apply analogously to the machine tool. The machine tool is designed to generate an impact movement S, wherein a functional unit comprises a first cam disk and a second cam disk, wherein the first cam disk («shaft-fixed») is connected to a shaft device of the machine tool and the second cam disk («housing-fixed») is fixedly connected to a housing of the machine tool, wherein the first cam disk and the second cam disk interact to generate the impact movement S, wherein the machine tool is designed to superimpose the impact movement S on the rotary movement D of the tool of the machine tool.The machine tool preferably comprises a functional unit, which is preferably a functional unit that is integrated into the machine tool. In this embodiment of the invention, for example, the shaft device, the cam disks or the partial shafts of the functional unit can be regarded as the shaft device, the cam disks or the partial shafts of the machine tool, the functional unit being an integral part of the machine tool. The shaft device of the machine tool, to which the first cam disk can be connected, can preferably also be referred to as the transmission output shaft of the machine tool within the meaning of the invention. In other words, the first cam disk can be mounted on the shaft device or on the transmission output shaft of the machine tool.In the sense of the invention, it is preferred that in this case the entire shaft device can preferably move within the scope of the microhammering movement.
[0054] According to the invention, it is preferred that the shaft device comprises a first partial shaft and a second partial shaft, wherein the first partial shaft and the second partial shaft can be connected to one another via the interface according to the invention. The interface is designed to connect the first and the second partial shaft of the shaft device of the machine tool to one another. The interface is therefore preferably also referred to as a “shaft interface”. Preferably, the first partial shaft or the second partial shaft can be stationary in the axial direction, while the other partial shaft is movable in the axial direction. According to the invention, this preferably means that a bearing arrangement is provided within the machine tool for the radial and / or axial positioning or fixing of the shaft device or the output shaft.This bearing arrangement can preferably be designed as a fixed-Z-loose bearing arrangement or as a bearing arrangement in an X- or O-arrangement. Due to the shaft interface, the output-side partial shaft, in particular, is preferably axially movable. In this embodiment, the output-side partial shaft is, in particular, the second partial shaft of the machine tool.
[0055] The other, non-stationary partial shaft of the machine tool can, however, move, in particular in the axial direction, i.e. away from or towards the other partial shaft. However, it may be preferable within the meaning of the invention to provide stops which restrict the mobility of the non-stationary partial shaft in order to prevent the shaft from falling apart. In addition, the machine tool has one or more gears which are preferably also arranged on the stationary partial shaft of the machine tool. Within the meaning of the invention, it is preferable that the partial shafts of the shaft device are always designed to execute a rotary movement, while the axial mobility of the partial shafts of the shaft device can be partially restricted.
[0056] According to the invention, it is preferred that the interface is configured to transmit various torques occurring during operation of the machine tool. Furthermore, the interface is designed to permit a preferably axial relative movement of the sub-shafts of the machine tool. This permissible relative movement between the sub-shafts of the machine tool is preferably at least of the order of magnitude of the axial stroke, i.e., an amplitude of the impact movement. In other words, the sub-shafts of the machine tool can move relative to one another at least to the extent that the cam disks of the machine tool do in order to generate the impact movement.
[0057] According to the invention, it is preferred that the first cam disc (“shaft-fixed”) is arranged on the movable partial shaft. Preferably, during operation of the machine tool, only the movable part of the machine tool’s transmission output shaft moves, preferably within the scope of the axial stroke of the impact movements, which can be superimposed on the pure rotary movement of the machine tool. A significant advantage of the interface or, preferably, the two-part design of the shaft device of the machine tool is that those components of the machine tool that are arranged on the axially stationary partial shaft do not have a relative speed with respect to other transmission components of the machine tool. This can significantly reduce wear on components subject to particularly high loads.Furthermore, the proposed design of the machine tool with an interface or with a division of the machine tool's shaft assembly or the machine tool's transmission output shaft into two sub-shafts eliminates the need for the gears used to be straight-toothed. Instead, helical gears can now also be used, which advantageously increases flexibility in gear selection. This can, in particular, improve smoothness and strength.
[0058] Further advantages emerge from the following description of the figures. The figures, the description, and the claims contain numerous features in combination. Those skilled in the art will expediently consider the features individually and combine them into further meaningful combinations. In the figures, identical and similar components are numbered with the same reference numerals. They show:
[0059] Fig. 1 schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the system with a functional unit designed as an external module and machine tool
[0060] Fig. 2 schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the contact area between external module and machine tool
[0061] Fig. 3 Side view (top) and top view (bottom) of a preferred embodiment of a cam disc and its surface
[0062] Fig. 4 Graphic explanations of the possible design of a surface of a cam disc and the structural elements Fig. 5 Schematic side view of a preferred design of an integrated solution with a shaft interface
[0063] Implementation examples and figure descriptions:
[0064] Figure 1 shows a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of a machine tool 100, which is connected to a functional unit 150 embodied as an external module 10. The central region of Figure 1 shows the external module 10, which can be arranged between the machine tool 100 and the tool 102 of the machine tool 100. The tool 102 of the machine tool 100 can be connected to the machine tool 100 via a tool holder 118. In the exemplary embodiment illustrated in Figure 1, the external module 10 is arranged in particular between the tool holder 118 and the machine tool 100. The machine tool 100 can preferably be a drilling device or a core drilling device; the tool 102 of the machine tool 100 can, for example, be embodied as a drill bit. The machine tool 100 has a motor (122, see Fig.5), wherein the tool 102 of the machine tool 100 can be driven via shaft devices 104, 124 of the machine tool 100. In particular, the motor 122 of the machine tool 100 generates a rotary motion D that can be transmitted to the tool 102 of the machine tool 100. The shaft device 104 of the machine tool 100 can preferably also be referred to as a transmission output shaft 104.
[0065] The impact movement S can advantageously be generated with a functional unit 150, wherein the functional unit 150 can be designed as an external module 10 (see Figs. 1 and 2) or can be integrated into the machine tool 100 (Fig. 5). The impact movements S, with which the pure rotational movement D of the machine tool 100 can be superimposed, are preferably also referred to as "microhammering." In other words, the functional unit 150 can provide a microhammering function for a machine tool 100. The technical solution illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 relates to the generation of the impact movements S by an external module 10, while Figure 5 shows a so-called integrated solution in which the impact movements S are generated within the machine tool 100 itself. The components of the functional unit 150 can then preferably also be considered components of the machine tool 100.
[0066] The external module 10, which is shown in Figures 1 and 2, can be "interposed" like an adapter between the tool 102 and the machine tool 100. The external module 10 has a first cam disk 12 and a second cam disk 14, wherein the first cam disk 12 is designed to be shaft-fixed, i.e., connected to a shaft device 16 of the external module 10. The second cam disk 14 is preferably designed to be housing-fixed. In the sense of the invention, this preferably means that the second cam disk 14 is connected to a housing 18 of the external module 10. Thus, the first cam disk 12 is able to rotate, specifically together with the shaft device 16 of the external module 10, while the second cam disk 14 is not designed to rotate. The first cam disk 12 is designed to be axially movable during operation of the machine tool 100 in order to generate the axial stroke or the impact movement S.The second cam 14 is not movable in the axial direction during operation of the machine tool 100. Preferably, the first cam 12 is capable of being pushed off the second cam 14 to generate the axial stroke or impact movement S. In the context of the invention, this preferably means that the first cam 12 of the external module 10 can move in the spatial directions "forward" and "backward."
[0067] The spatial directions are illustrated in Figure 1 with a directional cross. The spatial direction "forward" is designated by the letter "V," while the spatial direction "backward" is designated by the letter "H," the spatial direction "upward" by the letter "O," and the spatial directions "downward" by the letter "U." The tool 102 of the machine tool 100 is therefore arranged in a front region of the machine tool 10, while the machine tool 100 is depicted behind the external module 10 in Figure 1. When the first cam disk 12 of the external module 10 moves, the shaft device 16 of the external module 10 preferably also moves with it, since the first cam disk 12 is firmly connected to the shaft device 16 of the external module 10. According to the invention, it is preferred that the second cam disk 14 and the housing 18 of the external module 10 cannot move relative to the machine tool 100 during operation.
[0068] The two cam disks 12, 14 each have at least one structural element 20 (see Figures 3 and 4), wherein the structural elements 20 are configured to generate the impact movements S when the cam disks 12, 14 move relative to one another during operation of the machine tool 100. By providing the structural elements 20 on both cam disks 12, 14, high surface pressures are advantageously avoided. The structural elements 20 can, for example, be designed in a ramp-like manner, wherein a movement of one cam disk, for example the first cam disk 12, follows the height profile of the structural elements 20 of the other cam disks - for example the second cam disk 14 - when the cam disks 12, 14 execute a rotational relative movement. Within the meaning of the invention, it is preferred that in particular the first cam disk 12 rotates while the second cam disk 14 remains stationary.The standstill of the second cam disc 14 and the movement of the first cam disc 12 at a first rotational speed advantageously results in a relative movement of the cam discs 12, 14. Due to the drilling pressure with which the machine tool 100 is pressed onto the surface to be machined, the cam discs 12, 14 are axially pressed together or onto one another during their relative movement. In this way, the cam discs 12, 14 are predominantly in close contact with one another and slide up or down from one another depending on the geometry or nature of the surfaces 36 of the cam discs 12, 14, thus generating the impact pulse or impact movement.
[0069] At the end of the ramp or of the structural element 20, the first cam disk 12 falls back onto the subsequent ramp of the cam disk 14, thereby generating an impact movement S. In particular, an axial stroke is generated by the falling of the first cam disk 12. The axial stroke can preferably correspond to a distance, wherein the distance can, for example, correspond to the height of a ramp, i.e., of a structural element 20. If several structural elements 20 are provided on the cam disks 12, 14, an alternating axial stroke can occur. In the sense of the invention, this preferably means that impact movements S are generated in rapid succession, which then form the micro-hammering function for the machine tool 100.
[0070] The external module 10 shown in Figures 1 and 2 can comprise an interface 30, wherein the interface 30 is designed to connect a first partial shaft 32 and a second partial shaft 34 of the shaft device 16 of the external module 10 to one another. In the exemplary embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 1, the first, shaft-fixed cam disk 12 is connected in particular to the first partial shaft 32 of the shaft device 16 of the external module 10. The interface 30 can preferably also be referred to as a “shaft interface”. One of the two partial shafts 32, 34, i.e. the first partial shaft 32 or the second partial shaft 34, can be stationary in the axial direction, while the other partial shaft (34 or 32) is movable in the axial direction. In other words, one of the partial shafts 32, 34 can be displaced in a forward-backward direction, while the other partial shaft 34, 32 is stationary.
[0071] In the integrated solution shown in Figure 5, the machine tool 100 can have an interface 108 for connecting the partial shafts 110, 116 of the shaft device 124 of the machine tool 100, wherein the interface 108 is configured to connect a first partial shaft 110 and a second partial shaft 116 of the shaft device 124 of the machine tool 100 to one another. Even in such an integrated solution, the first partial shaft 110 or the second partial shaft 116 can be stationary in the axial direction, while the other partial shaft 116, 110 is movable in the axial direction. In an integrated solution, the machine tool 100 can comprise two cam disks 112, 114, wherein the first cam disk 112 is connected to the shaft device 124 of the machine tool 100 and the second cam disk 114 is connected to the housing 106 of the machine tool 100.Preferably, the first cam disc 112 can be connected to the first partial shaft 110 of the shaft device 124 of the machine tool 100. It is preferred within the meaning of the invention that the first cam disc 112 is arranged on the axially movable partial shaft (110 or 116), wherein the first partial shaft 110 of the shaft device 124 of the machine tool 100 is preferably movable.
[0072] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the second partial shaft 34 of the shaft device 16 of the external module 10 can represent an extension of the shaft device 16. The housing 18 of the external module 10 can be mounted on this second partial shaft 34 of the shaft device 16, wherein the bearing 24 is designed in particular as a floating bearing. The second partial shaft 34 of the shaft device 16 of the external module 10 is preferably also referred to as a "gearbox output extension" within the meaning of the invention, since from another perspective it also represents an extension of the shaft device 104 of the machine tool 100 into the external module 10. The second partial shaft 34 can be connected to the shaft device 104 of the machine tool 100 so that the rotary movement D of the machine tool 100 can be transmitted to the tool 102 of the machine tool 100 via the shaft devices 16, 104.
[0073] The impact movement S, which can be superimposed on the rotational movement D of the tool 102 of the machine tool 100, can advantageously be switched on and off by moving the cam disks 12, 14 apart in the axial direction such that there is no longer any contact between the cam disks 12, 14. This pulling apart of the cam disks 12, 14 can be achieved, for example, by moving the first cam disk 12 away from the second cam disk 14. The first cam disk 12 can be in a first position before being moved away and in a second position after being moved away, wherein the first cam disk 12 can be fixed in a second position with a fastening element 26. According to the invention, it is preferred that the cam disks 12, 14 be moved apart by actuating a movement thread. A fastening element 26 can then be provided to fix the thread in the desired position.The cam disks 12, 14 can also be moved apart by moving the second cam disk 14 away from the first cam disk 12. The second cam disk 14 can be displaced relative to the housing 18 of the external module 10 by an actuating element 28. Due to the connection between the second cam disk 14 and the housing 18 of the external module 10, the second cam disk 14 can be displaced relative to the machine tool 100, in particular together with the housing 18 of the external module 10.
[0074] Figure 2 shows a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the contact area between external module 10 and machine tool 100. The external module 10 can be connected to the machine tool 100 on its rear side, while the external module 10 can be connected to the tool holder 118 or the tool 102 of the machine tool on its front side. To connect the external module 10 to the machine tool 100, at least two interfaces 52, 54 can be provided, wherein the first interface 52 is configured to connect the shaft device 16 of the external module 10 to a shaft device 104 of the machine tool 100, while the second interface 54 is configured to connect the housing 18 of the external module 10 to a housing 106 of the machine tool 100.It is preferred in the sense of the invention that, with the first interface 52, in particular the second partial shaft 34 of the shaft device 16 of the external module 10 (“module input shaft”) can be connected to the shaft device 104 of the machine tool 100.
[0075] In particular, the housing 18 of the external module 10 can be connected to the housing 106 of the machine tool 100. Furthermore, the second partial shaft 34 of the shaft device 16 of the external module 10 can be connected to the shaft device 104 of the machine tool 100. Contact points or contact areas between the external module 10 and the machine tool 100 thus exist in particular in the area of the housings 18, 106 of the external module 10 ("second interface 54") and the machine tool 100 and in the area of the shaft devices 16, 104 ("first interface 52"). The first interface 52 and the second interface 54 between the machine tool 100 and the external module 10 are illustrated in particular in Figure 2.
[0076] Figure 2 shows different load paths LP1, LP2, which show possible courses of the force flow within the external module 10. The upper, first load path LP1 is a possible load path that the force flow can take within the external module 10. The lower, second load path LP2 is the preferred load path, in which the force flow is introduced into the housing 106 of the machine tool 100. This allows sensitive components within the machine tool 100 to be better protected than with load path LP1, in which the force can be introduced into the shaft devices 16, 104 of the external module 10 or the machine tool 100. This can, for example, damage bearings or rolling bearings.
[0077] Figure 3 shows a side view and a top view of a preferred embodiment of a cam disk 12, 14 and its surface 36. Structural elements 20 can be provided on the surface 36 of the cam disks 12, 14, wherein a number of the structural elements 20 is designated by the reference symbol "N". For example, in the side view of a cam disk 12, 14 shown in the upper region of Figure 3, six complete structural elements 20 are shown. The structural elements 20 in the embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 3 are designed as ramps that comprise an inclined plane 38 (see Figure 4) and are characterized by a height difference Ah between the lowest point 40 and the highest point 42 of the ramp 20 (see Figure 4). For example, the cam disk 12, 14 shown in Figure 3 has seventeen structural elements 20, so that N = 17.In the lower part of Figure 3, a plan view of a surface 36 of the cam disc 12, 14 is shown.
[0078] Figure 4 shows graphic explanations of the possible design of a surface 36 of a cam disk 12, 14 and of the structural elements 20. According to the invention, it is preferred that the structural elements 20 are arranged uniformly on the circumference of the cam disk 12, 14. The length of the inclined plane 38 is preferably the same or similar for such uniformly arranged structural elements 20. However, according to the invention, it can also be preferred that the structural elements 20 are not arranged uniformly on the circumference of the cam disk 12, 14. The inclined planes 38 of the structural elements 20 can then have different lengths. According to the invention, it is preferred that the heights Ah of the structural elements 20 are each the same or similar. The height difference Ah can, for example, be in a range of 0.5 mm.
[0079] The upper area of Figure 4 shows, by way of example, a developed view of the profile of a cam disk 12, 14 with seventeen structural elements 20, wherein the structural elements 20 are distributed over the full circle (360°) of the cam disk 12, 14. The lower area of Figure 4 shows, by way of example, a side view of a possible embodiment of a structural element 20. The structural element 20 has an inclined plane 38 which extends between a lowest point 40 and a highest point 42 of the structural element 20. The structural element 20 shown at the bottom in Figure 4 is, for example, ramp-shaped, wherein a height difference Ah between the lowest point 40 and the highest point 42 of the structural element 20 can be, for example, in a range of 0.5 mm.
[0080] Figure 5 shows a side view of a so-called "integrated solution" with shaft interface 108. The functional unit 150 is an integral component of the machine tool 100. Figure 5 shows, in particular, a machine tool 100 in which the microhammering function is generated or provided within the machine tool 100 itself. For this purpose, the machine tool 100 comprises a first cam disk 112 and a second cam disk 114, which are designed and constructed in accordance with the embodiments for the cam disks 12, 14 of the external module 10. The cam disks 112, 114 of the machine tool 100 are also configured to interact in the same manner to generate impact movements S and / or impact pulses, so that the machine tool 100 shown in Figure 5 as such is capable of providing a microhammering function. The machine tool 100 shown in Figure 5 has a housing 106 and a shaft device 104.The shaft device 104 preferably corresponds to a rotor shaft of the motor 122 of the machine tool 100. Furthermore, the machine tool 100 can have a handle 120. The machine tool 100 can have a gearbox, so that the shaft device 104 of the machine tool 100 does not necessarily have to be directly connected to the motor 122 of the machine tool 100. For example, gears or additional shaft devices (not shown) can be provided between the rotor shaft 104 and the motor 122 of the machine tool 100, for example, to adjust a rotational speed of the motor 122. Preferably, the gearbox of the machine tool 100 can be configured to reduce a high rotational speed of the motor 122 such that a rotational speed suitable for drilling is obtained for the tool 102 of the machine tool 100.The shaft devices 104, 124 of the machine tool 100 may be arranged offset from one another in an upward-downward direction and / or a forward-backward direction, wherein the shaft devices 104, 124 of the machine tool 100 are preferably oriented substantially parallel to one another.
[0081] In the machine tool 100 shown in Figure 5, the shaft device 104 is configured to interact with a further shaft device 124, which, if the microhammering function is provided by an external module 10, corresponds to the shaft device 16 of the external module 10. This further shaft device 124 can preferably comprise a first partial shaft 110 and a second partial shaft 116, wherein the first partial shaft 110 corresponds functionally to the first partial shaft 32 of the external module 10 and the second partial shaft 116 corresponds functionally to the second partial shaft 34 of the external module 10. Even in the integrated solution, in which the microhammering function is provided by the machine tool 100 itself, an interface 108 is provided for connecting the two partial shafts 110 and 116.The objects marked with a cross in Figure 5 can preferably be bearings or rolling bearings that enable an axial movement of the first partial shaft 110 and the first cam disk 112 attached thereto, so that the machine tool 100 can generate an impact movement S or provide a microhammering function.
[0082] Even with the integrated solution, in which the impact movement S is generated within the machine tool 100 itself, in that the functional unit 150 is an integral part of the machine tool 100, the impact movement S can be switched on and off. This can be achieved, for example, by moving the cam disks 112, 114 apart in the axial direction such that there is no longer any contact between the cam disks 112, 114. This pulling apart of the cam disks 112, 114 can occur, for example, by the first cam disk 112 being moved away from the second cam disk 114. The first cam disk 112 can be in a first position before being moved away and in a second position after being moved away. According to the invention, it is preferred that the cam disks 112, 114 be moved apart by actuating a movement thread.However, the cam discs 112, 114 can also be moved apart by moving the second cam disc 114 away from the first cam disc 112.
[0083] List of reference symbols
[0084] 10 external module
[0085] 12 first cam disc
[0086] 14 second cam disc
[0087] 16 Shaft device of the external module
[0088] 18 External module housing
[0089] 20 structural elements
[0090] 24 Storage of the external module housing
[0091] 26 Fastening element
[0092] 28 Actuating element
[0093] 30 Interface
[0094] 32 first partial shaft, module output shaft
[0095] 34 second partial shaft, module input shaft
[0096] 36 Surface of a cam disc
[0097] 38 inclined plane of a structural element
[0098] 40 lowest point of a structural element
[0099] 42 highest point of a structural element
[0100] 50 System comprising a machine tool and an external module
[0101] 52 first interface
[0102] 54 second interface
[0103] 100 machine tools
[0104] 102 Machine tool tool
[0105] 104 Shaft device of the machine tool
[0106] 106 Machine tool housing 108 Interface for connecting the partial shafts
[0107] 110 first partial wave
[0108] 112 first cam of the machine tool
[0109] 114 second cam of the machine tool
[0110] 116 second partial wave
[0111] 118 Tool holder of the machine tool
[0112] 120 Machine tool handle
[0113] 122 Machine tool motor
[0114] 124 additional shaft devices
[0115] 150 functional unit
[0116] S striking movement
[0117] D rotational movement
[0118] Ah height difference of the structural elements
[0119] N Number of structural elements
[0120] V front, front, spatial view “forward”
[0121] H rear, back or rear, room viewing “to the rear”
[0122] U bottom, bottom, room view “downwards”
[0123] O top, top side, room view “upwards”
[0124] LP1 Load path 1
[0125] LP2 Load path 2
Claims
Patent claims 1. Interface (30, 108) for connecting partial shafts (32, 34 or 110, 116) in a functional unit (150), wherein the functional unit (150) is configured to generate a percussive motion S, characterized in that the functional unit (150) comprises a first cam disk (12, 112) and a second cam disk (14, 114), wherein the first cam disk (12, 112) is connected to a shaft device (16, 124) and the second cam disk (14, 114) is fixedly connected to a housing (18, 106), wherein the first cam disk (12, 112) and the second cam disk (14, 114) interact to generate the percussive motion S, wherein the functional unit (150) is configured to superimpose the rotary motion D of a tool (102) of a machine tool (100) with the percussive motion S, wherein the shaft device (16, 124) comprises a first partial shaft (32, 110) and a second partial shaft (34, 116), wherein the first partial shaft (32,110) and the second partial wave (34, 116) can be connected to each other via the interface (30, 108).
2. Interface (30, 108) according to claim 1 characterized in that the first cam disk (12, 112) and the second cam disk (14, 114) each have at least one structural element (20) such that an alternating axial stroke is generated during a relative movement of the first cam disk (12, 112) and the second cam disk (14, 114).
3. Interface (30, 108) according to claim 1 or 2 characterized in that the first partial shaft (32, 110) or the second partial shaft (34, 116) is fixed in position in the axial direction, while the other partial shaft (34, 116 or 32, 110) is movable in the axial direction.
4. Interface (30, 108) according to claim 3 characterized in that The first cam disk (12, 112) is arranged on the movable partial shaft (32, 110 or 34, 116). Interface (30, 108) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the impact movement S has a higher frequency than the rotary movement D of the machine tool (100) and / or its tool (102). Interface (30, 108) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the impact movement S, with which the rotary movement D of the tool (102) of the machine tool (100) can be superimposed, can be switched on and off by moving the cam disks (12, 112, 14, 114) of the functional unit (150) apart in the axial direction so that there is no longer any contact between the cam disks (12, 112, 14, 114).Interface (30, 108) according to claim 6, characterized in that the cam disks (12, 112, 14, 114) are moved apart by moving the first cam disk (12, 112) away from the second cam disk (14, 114). Interface (30, 108) according to claim 6, characterized in that the cam disks (12, 112, 14, 114) are moved apart by moving the second cam disk (14, 114) away from the first cam disk (12, 112). Functional unit (150) with an interface (30, 108) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the functional unit (150) is integrated into the machine tool (100). Functional unit (150) with an interface (30, 108) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the functional unit (150) can be arranged as an external module (10) between the tool (102) and the machine tool (100).Machine tool (100) with a tool (102), wherein the tool (102) of the machine tool (100) is configured to perform a rotary movement D, characterized in that the machine tool (100) is configured to generate a percussive movement S, wherein the functional unit (150) comprises a first cam disk (112) and a second cam disk (114), wherein the first cam disk (112) is connected to a shaft device (124) of the machine tool (100) and the second cam disk (114) is fixedly connected to a housing (106) of the machine tool (100), wherein the first cam disk (112) and the second cam disk (114) interact to generate the percussive movement S, wherein the machine tool (100) is configured to superimpose the rotary movement D of the tool (102) of the machine tool (100) with the percussive movement S.Machine tool (100) according to claim 11 characterized in that the shaft device (124) comprises a first partial shaft (110) and a second partial shaft (116), wherein the first partial shaft (110) and the second partial shaft (116) can be connected to each other via an interface (108).